pub struct DataStream { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

An anonymized stream over the Tor network.

For most purposes, you can think of this type as an anonymized TCP stream: it can read and write data, and get closed when it’s done.

DataStream implements futures::io::AsyncRead and futures::io::AsyncWrite, so you can use it anywhere that those traits are expected.

Examples

Connecting to an HTTP server and sending a request, using AsyncWriteExt::write_all:

let mut stream = tor_client.connect(("icanhazip.com", 80), None).await?;

use futures::io::AsyncWriteExt;

stream
    .write_all(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: icanhazip.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n")
    .await?;

// Flushing the stream is important; see below!
stream.flush().await?;

Reading the result, using AsyncReadExt::read_to_end:

use futures::io::AsyncReadExt;

let mut buf = Vec::new();
stream.read_to_end(&mut buf).await?;

println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf));

Usage with Tokio

If the tokio crate feature is enabled, this type also implements tokio::io::AsyncRead and tokio::io::AsyncWrite for easier integration with code that expects those traits.

Remember to call flush!

DataStream buffers data internally, in order to write as few cells as possible onto the network. In order to make sure that your data has actually been sent, you need to make sure that AsyncWrite::poll_flush runs to completion: probably via AsyncWriteExt::flush.

Splitting the type

This type is internally composed of a DataReader and a DataWriter; the DataStream::split method can be used to split it into those two parts, for more convenient usage with e.g. stream combinators.

Implementations

Divide this DataStream into its constituent parts.

Trait Implementations

Attempt to read from the AsyncRead into buf. Read more

Attempt to read from the AsyncRead into bufs using vectored IO operations. Read more

Attempts to read from the AsyncRead into buf. Read more

Attempt to write bytes from buf into the object. Read more

Attempt to flush the object, ensuring that any buffered data reach their destination. Read more

Attempt to close the object. Read more

Attempt to write bytes from bufs into the object using vectored IO operations. Read more

Attempt to write bytes from buf into the object. Read more

Attempts to flush the object, ensuring that any buffered data reach their destination. Read more

Initiates or attempts to shut down this writer, returning success when the I/O connection has completely shut down. Read more

Like poll_write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers. Read more

Determines if this writer has an efficient poll_write_vectored implementation. Read more

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

Auto Trait Implementations

Blanket Implementations

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

Tries to read some bytes directly into the given buf in asynchronous manner, returning a future type. Read more

Creates a future which will read from the AsyncRead into bufs using vectored IO operations. Read more

Creates a future which will read exactly enough bytes to fill buf, returning an error if end of file (EOF) is hit sooner. Read more

Creates a future which will read all the bytes from this AsyncRead. Read more

Creates a future which will read all the bytes from this AsyncRead. Read more

Helper method for splitting this read/write object into two halves. Read more

Creates an AsyncRead adapter which will read at most limit bytes from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads some bytes from the byte stream. Read more

Like read(), except it reads into a slice of buffers. Read more

Reads the entire contents and appends them to a Vec. Read more

Reads the entire contents and appends them to a String. Read more

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf. Read more

Creates an adapter which will read at most limit bytes from it. Read more

Converts this AsyncRead into a Stream of bytes. Read more

Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another. Read more

Boxes the reader and changes its type to dyn AsyncRead + Send + 'a. Read more

Creates a new AsyncRead instance that chains this stream with next. Read more

Pulls some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read. Read more

Pulls some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, advancing the buffer’s internal cursor. Read more

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf. Read more

Reads an unsigned 8 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads a signed 8 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 16-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads a signed 16-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 32-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads a signed 32-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 64-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an signed 64-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 128-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an signed 128-bit integer in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an 32-bit floating point type in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an 64-bit floating point type in big-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 16-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads a signed 16-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 32-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads a signed 32-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 64-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an signed 64-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an unsigned 128-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an signed 128-bit integer in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an 32-bit floating point type in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads an 64-bit floating point type in little-endian order from the underlying reader. Read more

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into buf. Read more

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to buf. Read more

Creates an adaptor which reads at most limit bytes from it. Read more

Creates a future which will entirely flush this AsyncWrite. Read more

Creates a future which will entirely close this AsyncWrite.

Creates a future which will write bytes from buf into the object. Read more

Creates a future which will write bytes from bufs into the object using vectored IO operations. Read more

Write data into this object. Read more

Allow using an AsyncWrite as a Sink<Item: AsRef<[u8]>>. Read more

Writes some bytes into the byte stream. Read more

Like write(), except that it writes a slice of buffers. Read more

Writes an entire buffer into the byte stream. Read more

Flushes the stream to ensure that all buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

Closes the writer. Read more

Boxes the writer and changes its type to dyn AsyncWrite + Send + 'a. Read more

Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written. Read more

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers. Read more

Writes a buffer into this writer, advancing the buffer’s internal cursor. Read more

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer. Read more

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 8-bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 8-bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 16-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes a signed 16-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 32-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes a signed 32-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 64-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an signed 64-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 128-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an signed 128-bit integer in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an 32-bit floating point type in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an 64-bit floating point type in big-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 16-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes a signed 16-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 32-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes a signed 32-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 64-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an signed 64-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an unsigned 128-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an signed 128-bit integer in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an 32-bit floating point type in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Writes an 64-bit floating point type in little-endian order to the underlying writer. Read more

Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

Shuts down the output stream, ensuring that the value can be dropped cleanly. Read more

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Returns the argument unchanged.

Wraps self with a compatibility layer that implements tokio_io::AsyncRead. Read more

Wraps self with a compatibility layer that implements tokio::io::AsyncWrite. Read more

Instruments this type with the provided Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

Reads some bytes from the byte stream. Read more

Like read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers. Read more

Reads all bytes from the byte stream. Read more

Reads all bytes from the byte stream and appends them into a string. Read more

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf. Read more

Creates an adaptor which will read at most limit bytes from it. Read more

Creates a “by reference” adaptor for this instance of Read. Read more

Transforms this Read instance to a Stream over its bytes. Read more

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

Should always be Self

Wraps self with a compatibility layer that implements futures_io::AsyncRead. Read more

Wraps self with a compatibility layer that implements futures_io::AsyncWrite. Read more

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.

Attaches the provided Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more

Attaches the current default Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more

Writes some bytes into the byte stream. Read more

Flushes the stream to ensure that all buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers. Read more

Writes an entire buffer into the byte stream. Read more

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered. Read more