9 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
16 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
20 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
21 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
22 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
23 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
24 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
26 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
27 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
28 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
30 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
31 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
32 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
33 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
36 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
37 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
38 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
39 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
40 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
41 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
43 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
44 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
45 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
46 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
47 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
48 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
49 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
50 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
51 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
52 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
53 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
54 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
59 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
60 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
64 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
66 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
67 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
68 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
69 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
70 other keys per rule are gone.
72 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
73 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
74 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
75 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
77 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
78 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
79 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
81 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
82 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
88 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
89 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
90 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
91 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
92 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
93 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
97 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
98 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
101 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
102 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
103 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
105 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
108 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
109 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
110 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
116 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
117 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
118 option which is not affected.
120 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
121 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
127 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
128 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
129 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
132 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
133 some deprecated functions are removed.
135 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
136 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
137 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
139 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
140 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
145 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
148 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
150 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
154 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
155 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
157 compile-in verbose debug messages
159 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
161 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
164 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
165 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
166 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
168 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
169 they should be provided by the package.
175 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
176 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
177 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
179 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
180 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
181 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
182 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
185 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
186 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
189 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
190 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
191 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
196 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
202 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
203 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
209 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
212 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
213 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
214 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
215 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
221 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
222 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
223 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
224 udev (and the kernel).
230 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
232 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
233 udevtest are no longer created.
235 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
238 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
239 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
250 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
251 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
257 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
258 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
259 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
260 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
261 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
263 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
264 udevadm in the list of files.
274 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
275 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
276 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
277 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
278 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
279 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
280 in etc/udev/packages/.
286 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
287 actions by dynamically created rules.
289 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
290 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
291 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
293 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
294 program and not record as a failed event.
300 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
306 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
307 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
308 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
309 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
310 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
312 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
313 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
314 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
316 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
317 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
323 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
324 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
325 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
326 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
327 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
329 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
330 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
336 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
346 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
347 from the udev package.
353 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
354 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
355 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
356 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
357 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
358 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
359 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
362 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
363 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
365 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
366 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
367 the devices we are looking for.
369 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
370 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
371 the same SCSI identifiers.
373 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
374 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
375 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
376 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
377 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
378 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
379 that run programs only for the matching events.
389 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
390 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
391 included in the match.
393 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
401 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
402 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
403 storage area of their music players.
407 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
411 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
412 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
413 action that crashes the box.
415 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
416 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
417 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
418 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
419 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
421 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
422 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
427 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
433 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
434 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
436 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
437 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
438 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
441 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
442 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
443 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
444 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
445 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
447 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
448 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
454 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
455 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
456 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
457 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
458 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
460 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
461 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
462 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
463 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
464 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
467 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
468 event device. Instead of:
469 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
471 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
473 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
475 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
477 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
478 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
479 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
480 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
481 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
482 no longer carry this property of a parent and
483 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
484 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
485 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
486 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
487 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
488 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
489 in most cases it will be empty.
491 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
492 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
493 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
494 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
495 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
496 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
497 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
499 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
500 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
501 no database file was created by udev.
503 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
504 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
505 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
509 Bugfixes and small improvements.
513 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
519 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
520 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
524 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
528 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
529 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
537 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
538 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
539 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
540 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
541 fix possibly broken rules.
545 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
546 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
547 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
548 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
552 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
553 also skipped optical IDE drives.
555 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
557 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
558 packaging process and not at build time.
560 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
561 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
562 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
563 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
564 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
568 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
569 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
571 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
572 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
573 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
575 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
576 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
580 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
582 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
586 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
587 events for the same device.
591 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
593 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
598 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
599 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
600 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
601 received the event for.
603 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
608 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
610 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
611 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
612 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
613 the end of the program name to prevent this.
614 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
615 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
616 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
620 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
621 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
622 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
623 included in a package.
625 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
626 the ignore rule was applied.
628 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
629 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
630 should be requested by their subsytem.
632 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
634 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
635 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
637 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
638 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
639 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
640 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
641 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
644 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
645 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
646 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
647 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
648 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
649 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
650 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
651 for changed parent chains.
655 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
656 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
658 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
659 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
661 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
662 to make %b simpler and working again.
666 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
667 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
668 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
669 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
670 change. They will be fixed immediately.
672 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
673 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
674 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
675 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
676 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
678 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
679 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
680 the sysfs "modalias" value.
682 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
686 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
688 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
689 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
691 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
692 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
696 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
697 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
698 mentioned on the hotplug list:
699 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
702 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
706 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
707 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
708 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
712 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
713 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
714 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
715 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
716 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
717 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
719 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
720 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
722 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
723 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
724 still private to udev and can change at any time.
726 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
727 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
728 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
729 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
731 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
732 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
733 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
736 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
737 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
738 before starting the daemon.
742 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
745 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
746 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
750 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
751 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
753 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
754 without any queuing now.
758 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
759 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
760 version of udev anymore.
764 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
765 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
766 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
767 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
768 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
770 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
771 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
772 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
773 device removal and the udev database will not work.
775 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
778 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
782 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
784 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
785 non-writable /tmp directory.
787 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
788 let's see who can break this again. :)
790 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
791 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
792 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
793 versions will _not_ create these devices!
797 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
802 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
803 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
804 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
805 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
806 export it to the filesystem.
810 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
811 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
816 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
817 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
818 available while we try to run external programs.
819 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
823 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
824 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
825 grab it from here. :)
829 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
831 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
832 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
833 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
837 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
839 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
841 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
842 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
847 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
851 Mostly a Bugfix release.
853 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
854 timing with custom rules.
858 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
859 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
861 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
862 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
863 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
865 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
873 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
874 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
875 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
876 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
878 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
879 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
880 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
882 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
883 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
884 bypass the driver core.
886 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
887 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
888 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
889 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
890 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
891 from a rule if needed:
892 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
893 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
894 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
895 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
896 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
897 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
899 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
900 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
901 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
902 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
904 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
905 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
906 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
908 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
909 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
910 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
911 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
912 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
914 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
915 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
916 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
917 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
920 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
921 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
922 to export the probed data in environment key format:
923 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
924 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
925 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
929 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
930 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
933 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
936 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
937 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
939 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
940 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
941 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
943 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
944 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
945 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
946 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
948 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
949 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
950 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
953 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
954 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
955 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
956 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
957 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
958 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
960 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
961 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
962 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
963 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
967 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
968 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
972 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
973 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
974 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
978 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
979 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
981 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
982 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
983 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
984 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
986 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
987 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
988 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
990 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
991 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
993 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
994 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
995 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
996 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
997 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
998 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
999 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1004 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1005 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1006 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1010 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1012 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1013 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1015 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1016 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1018 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1019 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1020 character class negations like:
1021 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1022 this can now be replaced with:
1024 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1025 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1027 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1030 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1031 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob