3 * Sensible Object Design header file
5 * (c) 2009 Straylight/Edgeware
8 /*----- Licensing notice --------------------------------------------------*
10 * This file is part of the Sensible Object Design, an object system for C.
12 * The SOD Runtime Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
13 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
14 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
15 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 * The SOD Runtime is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
20 * GNU Library General Public License for more details.
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
23 * License along with SOD; if not, write to the Free
24 * Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
35 /*----- Preliminary utilities ---------------------------------------------*/
37 /* Various hacks for checking compiler versions. */
38 #define SOD__GCC_P(maj, min) \
39 (__GNUC__ > (maj) || (__GNUC__ == (maj) && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= (min)))
42 # define SOD__EXTENSION __extension__
44 # define SOD__EXTENSION
47 /* --- @SOD__HAVE_VARARGS_MACROS@ --- *
49 * Use: Defined if the compiler supports C99-style variadic macros.
51 * This is more complicated than just checking the value of
52 * @__STDC_VERSION__@ because GCC has traditionally claimed C89
53 * by default, but provides the functionality anyway unless it's
54 * been explicitly turned off.
57 #if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901
58 /* The feature exists. All is well with the world. */
60 # define SOD__HAVE_VARARGS_MACROS
62 #elif SOD__GCC_P(3, 0)
63 /* We're using GCC, which is trying to deny it but we don't believe it.
64 * Unfortunately there's a fly in the ointment: if `-pedantic' -- or,
65 * worse, `-pedantic-errors' -- is set, then GCC will warn about these
66 * macros being defined, and there isn't a way to detect pedantry from the
69 * We must deploy bodges. There doesn't seem to be a good way to suppress
70 * particular warnings from the preprocessor: in particular, messing about
71 * with `pragma GCC diagnostic' doesn't help. So we're left with this
72 * hack: just declare all Sod-generated header files which try to do
73 * varargs macro things to be `system headers', which means that GCC's
74 * preprocessor will let them get away with all manner of nefarious stuff.
77 # define SOD__HAVE_VARARGS_MACROS
78 # define SOD__VARARGS_MACROS_PREAMBLE _Pragma("GCC system_header")
82 /* Make sure this gratuitous hack is understood, at least vacuously. */
83 #ifndef SOD__VARARGS_MACROS_PREAMBLE
84 # define SOD__VARARGS_MACROS_PREAMBLE
87 /* We're going to want to make use of this ourselves. */
88 SOD__VARARGS_MACROS_PREAMBLE
90 /* --- @SOD__ALIGNOF@ --- *
92 * Arguments: @type@ = a C type name, consisting of declaration specifiers
93 * and `*[QUALIFIERS]' declarator operators
95 * Returns: A sufficient alignment for objects of the given @type@, as a
99 #if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112
100 # define SOD__ALIGNOF(type) _Alignof(type)
101 #elif SOD__GCC_P(4, 7)
102 # define SOD__ALIGNOF(type) __extension__ _Alignof(type)
103 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
104 # define SOD__ALIGNOF(type) __alignof__(type)
106 # define SOD__ALIGNOF(type) \
107 offsetof(struct { char sod__x; type sod__y; }, sod__y)
110 /* --- @SOD__IGNORE@ --- *
112 * Arguments: @var@ = some variable name
114 * Use: Suppress any warning that @var@ isn't used.
117 #define SOD__IGNORE(var) ((void)(var))
119 /* --- @SOD__NORETURN@ --- *
121 * Use: Marks functions which are not expected to return.
125 # define SOD__NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
128 #ifndef SOD__NORETURN
129 # define SOD__NORETURN
132 /* --- @SOD__PARANOIA@ --- *
134 * Arguments: @cond@ = a condition to check
135 * @conseq@ = a thing to evaluate to if the check passes
136 * @alt@ = a thing to do if the check fails
138 * Use: Check to make sure something is good at runtime, unless
143 # define SOD__PARANOIA(cond, conseq, alt) (conseq)
145 # define SOD__PARANOIA(cond, conseq, alt) ((cond) ? (conseq) : (alt))
148 /* --- @SOD__CAR@ --- *
150 * Arguments: @...@ = a nonempty list of arguments
152 * Returns: The first argument only.
155 #ifdef SOD__HAVE_VARARGS_MACROS
156 # define SOD__CAR(...) SOD__CARx(__VA_ARGS__, _)
157 # define SOD__CARx(a, ...) a
160 /*----- Header files ------------------------------------------------------*/
166 #include "sod-base.h"
168 /*----- Data structures ---------------------------------------------------*/
170 /* A skeletal vtable structure. At the beginning of every ichain is a
171 * pointer to one of these.
174 const SodClass *_class; /* Pointer to class object */
175 size_t _base; /* Offset to instance base */
178 /* A skeletal instance structure. Every instance pointer points to one of
181 struct sod_instance {
182 const struct sod_vtable *_vt; /* Pointer to (chain's) vtable */
185 /* Information about a particular chain of superclasses. In each class,
186 * there's a pointer to an array of these. If you search hard enough, you'll
187 * be able to find out a fair amount of information about an instance and its
191 size_t n_classes; /* Number of classes in chain */
192 const SodClass *const *classes; /* Vector of classes, head first */
193 size_t off_ichain; /* Offset of ichain from base */
194 const struct sod_vtable *vt; /* Chain's vtable pointer */
195 size_t ichainsz; /* Size of the ichain structure */
198 /*----- Infrastructure macros ---------------------------------------------*/
200 /* --- @SOD_XCHAIN@ --- *
202 * Arguments: @chead@ = nickname of target chain's head
203 * @obj@ = pointer to an instance chain
205 * Returns: Pointer to target chain, as a @void *@.
207 * Use: Utility for implementing cross-chain upcasts. It's probably
208 * not that clever to use this macro directly; it's used to make
209 * the automatically-generated upcast macros more palatable.
212 #define SOD_XCHAIN(chead, obj) \
213 ((void *)((char *)(obj) + (obj)->_vt->_off_##chead))
215 /* --- @SOD_OFFSETDIFF@ --- *
217 * Arguments: @type@ = a simple (i.e., declaratorless) type name
218 * @mema, memb@ = members of @type@
220 * Returns: The relative offset from @mema@ to @memb@, as a @ptrdiff_t@.
222 * Use: Computes a signed offset between structure members.
225 #define SOD_OFFSETDIFF(type, mema, memb) \
226 ((ptrdiff_t)offsetof(type, memb) - (ptrdiff_t)offsetof(type, mema))
228 /* --- @SOD_ILAYOUT@ --- *
230 * Arguments: @cls@ = name of a class
231 * @chead@ = nickname of chain head of @cls@
232 * @obj@ = pointer to the @chead@ ichain of an (exact) instance
235 * Returns: A pointer to the instance's base, cast as a pointer to the
238 * Use: Finds an instance's base address given a pointer to one of
239 * its ichains, if you know precisely the instance's class and
240 * which chain you're pointing to. If you don't, then (a) you
241 * want @SOD_INSTBASE@ below, and (b) you'll have the wrong
244 * This macro is not intended to be used directly outside of
245 * automatically generated effective method and trampoline
246 * functions, which have the kinds of specific knowledge
247 * necessary to use it safely.
250 #define SOD_ILAYOUT(cls, chead, obj) \
251 ((struct cls##__ilayout *) \
252 ((char *)(obj) - offsetof(struct cls##__ilayout, chead)))
254 /*----- Utility macros ----------------------------------------------------*/
256 /* --- @SOD_CLASSOF@ --- *
258 * Arguments: @p@ = pointer to an instance chain
260 * Returns: A pointer to the instance's class, as a @const SodClass *@.
263 #define SOD_CLASSOF(obj) ((const SodClass *)(obj)->_vt->_class)
265 /* --- @SOD_INSTBASE@ --- *
267 * Arguments: @obj@ = pointer to an instance (i.e., the address of one of
268 * its instance chains)
270 * Returns: The base address of @obj@'s instance layout, as a @void *@.
272 * Use: Finds the base address of an instance. If you know the
273 * dynamic class of the object then @SOD_ILAYOUT@ is faster. If
274 * you don't, this is the right macro, but your options for
275 * doing something sensible with the result are limited, mostly
276 * to simple memory management operations such as freeing or
277 * zeroizing the instance structure.
280 #define SOD_INSTBASE(obj) ((void *)((char *)(obj) - (obj)->_vt->_base))
282 /* --- @SOD_CONVERT@ --- *
284 * Arguments: @cls@ = a class type name
285 * @const void *obj@ = a pointer to an instance
287 * Returns: Pointer to appropriate instance ichain, or null if the
288 * instance isn't of the specified class.
290 * Use: This is a simple wrapper around the @sod_convert@, which
291 * you should see for full details. It accepts a class type
292 * name rather than a pointer to a class object, and arranges to
293 * return a pointer of the correct type.
296 #define SOD_CONVERT(cls, obj) ((cls *)sod_convert(cls##__class, (obj)))
298 /* --- @SOD_INIT@ --- *
300 * Arguments: @cls@ = a class type name
301 * @p@ = pointer to storage to initialize
302 * @keys@ = a @KWARGS(...)@ keyword argument sequence
304 * Use: Initializes raw storage as an instance of @cls@.
307 #define SOD_INIT(cls, p, keys) ((cls *)sod_init(cls##__class, (p), keys))
309 /* --- @SOD_MAKE@ --- *
311 * Arguments: @cls@ = a class type name
312 * @keys@ = a @KWARGS(...)@ keyword argument sequence
314 * Use: Allocates (using @malloc@) eand initializes storage to be an
315 * instance of @cls@. Returns a null pointer if allocation
316 * fails. Use @sod_destroy@ to release the instance.
319 #define SOD_MAKE(cls, keys) ((cls *)sod_make(cls##__class, keys))
321 /* --- @SOD_DECL@ --- *
323 * Arguments: @cls_@ = a class type name
324 * @var@ = a variable name
325 * @keys@ = a @KWARGS(...)@ keyword argument sequence
327 * Use: Declare @var@ as a pointer to an initialized instance of
328 * @cls@ with automatic lifetime.
331 #define SOD_DECL(cls_, var, keys) \
332 struct cls_##__ilayout var##__layout; \
334 SOD__PARANOIA(sizeof(var##__layout) == cls_##__class->cls.initsz, \
335 (cls_ *)sod_init(cls_##__class, &var##__layout, keys), \
336 (sod__chksz_fail(cls_##__class, sizeof(var##__layout)), \
339 /*----- Functions provided ------------------------------------------------*/
341 /* --- @sod__chksz_fail@ --- *
343 * Arguments: @const SodClass *cls@ = class we were trying to instantiate
344 * @size_t sz@ = size allocated
348 * Use: Reports instantiation failure caused by a mismatch between
349 * the size allocated (@sz@) and the size required for an
350 * instance of class @cls@.
354 void sod__chksz_fail(const SodClass */*cls*/, size_t /*sz*/);
356 /* --- @sod_subclassp@ --- *
358 * Arguments: @const SodClass *sub, *super@ = pointers to two classes
360 * Returns: Nonzero if @sub@ is a subclass of @super@.
363 extern int sod_subclassp(const SodClass */*sub*/, const SodClass */*super*/);
365 /* --- @sod_convert@ --- *
367 * Arguments: @const SodClass *cls@ = desired class object
368 * @const void *obj@ = pointer to instance
370 * Returns: Pointer to appropriate ichain of object, or null if the
371 * instance isn't of the specified class.
373 * Use: General down/cross-casting function.
375 * Upcasts can be performed efficiently using the automatically
376 * generated macros. In particular, upcasts within a chain are
377 * trivial; cross-chain upcasts require information from vtables
378 * but are fairly fast. This function is rather slower, but is
381 * Suppose we have an instance of a class C, referred to by a
382 * pointer to an instance of one of C's superclasses S. If T
383 * is some other superclass of C then this function will return
384 * a pointer to C suitable for use as an instance of T. If T
385 * is not a superclass of C, then the function returns null.
386 * (If the pointer doesn't point to an instance of some class
387 * then the behaviour is undefined.) Note that you don't need
388 * to know what either C or S actually are.
391 extern void *sod_convert(const SodClass */*cls*/, const void */*obj*/);
393 /* --- @sod_init@, @sod_initv@ --- *
395 * Arguments: @const SodClass *cls@ = class object for new instance
396 * @void *p@ = pointer to storage for new instance
397 * @va_list ap, ...@ = initialization keyword arguments
399 * Returns: Pointer to the initialized instance.
401 * Use: Initializes an instance in pre-allocated storage, and returns
404 * This function will imprint the storage, and then send an
405 * `initialize' message to the fresh instance containing the
406 * provided keyword arguments.
408 * It's usually convenient to use the macro @SOD_INIT@ rather
409 * than calling @sod_init@ directly.
412 extern KWCALL void *sod_init(const SodClass */*cls*/, void */*p*/, ...);
413 extern void *sod_initv(const SodClass */*cls*/, void */*p*/, va_list /*ap*/);
415 /* --- @sod_make@, @sod_makev@ --- *
417 * Arguments: @const SodClass *cls@ = class object for new instance
418 * @va_list ap, ...@ = initialization keyword arguments
420 * Returns: Pointer to the newly-allocated initialized instance, or null.
422 * Use: Allocates storage for a new instance, initializes it, and
423 * returns a pointer to it. If allocation fails, a null pointer
424 * is returned instead.
426 * This function will allocate the storage using @malloc@, and
427 * then initialize it as for @sod_init@.
429 * It's usually convenient to use the macro @SOD_MAKE@ rather
430 * than calling @sod_make@ directly.
432 * (This function is not available in freestanding environments
433 * lacking @malloc@ and @free@.)
436 extern KWCALL void *sod_make(const SodClass */*cls*/, ...);
437 extern void *sod_makev(const SodClass */*cls*/, va_list /*ap*/);
439 /* --- @sod_teardown@ --- *
441 * Arguments: @void *p@ = pointer to an instance to be torn down
443 * Returns: Zero if the object is torn down; nonzero if it refused for
446 * Use: Invokes the instance's `teardown' method to release any held
449 * If this function returns nonzero, then the object is still
450 * active, and may still hold important resources. This is not
451 * intended to be a failure condition: failures in teardown are
452 * usually unrecoverable (or very hard to recover from) and
453 * should probably cause the program to abort. A refusal, on
454 * the other hand, means that the object is still live and
455 * shouldn't be deallocated, but that this is a normal situation
456 * and the caller shouldn't worry about it.
459 extern int sod_teardown(void */*p*/);
461 /* --- @sod_destroy@ --- *
463 * Arguments: @void *p@ = pointer to an instance to be torn down, or null
465 * Returns: Zero if the object was freed; nonzero if it refused for some
468 * Use: Invokes the instance's `teardown' method to release any held
469 * resources, and then calls @free@ to release the instance's
470 * storage. See @sod_teardown@ for details, especially
471 * regarding the return value's meaning.
473 * If @p@ is null, then this function does nothing except
476 * (This function is not available in freestanding environments
477 * lacking @malloc@ and @free@.)
480 extern int sod_destroy(void */*p*/);
482 /*----- That's all, folks -------------------------------------------------*/