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Tablature notation
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<H1>
TABLATURE NOTATION
</H1>
<P>
Mup can print tablature staffs. Tablature notation is commonly used for
guitar and several other instruments. Mup supports tablature for 1 to 9
strings.
</P>
<P>
Mup will automatically create a normal 5-line staff above each tablature
staff, giving the equivalant music on that staff.
This staff will be referred to as the &quot;tabnote
staff.&quot; Normally, you will input music just for the tablature staff, and
the tabnote staff will be derived from that. However, for any given measure,
you can explicitly input music for a tabnote staff,
which will turn off the automatic
translation for that measure. If you only want either the tab or tabnote
staff to be printed, you can mark the other one as invisible
<A HREF="param.html#visible">(see the "visible" parameter).</A>
You should specify the appropriate
<A HREF="param.html#clef">clef</A>
and
<A HREF="param.html#key">key signature</A>
for the tabnote staff, so that Mup can make the best derivation.
</P>
<H2>
Specifying a tablature staff
</H2>
<P>
To set up a tablature staff, you use the
<A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines parameter.</A>
To get a standard 6-line guitar tablature staff, you can just say
<BR><PRE>
score
	staffs=2
staff 2
	stafflines = tab
</PRE><BR>
There are 2 staffs, because there is both the tablature staff and the
automatically generated tabnote staff. The tablature staff is always
immediately below the corresponding tabnote staff.
Setting the
<A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines parameter</A>
to &quot;tab&quot; marks staff 2 as a tablature staff.
</P>
<P>
If you want tablature for an instrument other than a 6-string guitar with
standard tuning, you specify
the pitches of the strings from top to bottom
within parentheses after the &quot;tab.&quot; For example:
<BR><PRE>
stafflines = tab (e a d&amp; g)
</PRE><BR>
would define some instrument that had 4 strings, with the string on the
top line of tablature staff being an e string, the next a, the next d flat,
and the bottom g.
As shown in the example, pitches can include a # or &amp; if necessary.
Strings are assumed to be in octave 4 unless otherwise marked.
You can specify a different octave by specifying an
<A HREF="chordinp.html#oct">octave number</A>
after the
string's pitch (using either an absolute octave number or pluses or minuses).
If the instrument
has more than one string with the same pitch
(even if they are in different octaves),
they must be distinguished by adding one or more ' marks after the
pitch. The tablature definition for standard guitar is
<BR><PRE>
stafflines = tab (e5 b g d a3 e'3)
</PRE><BR>
This specifies that the top string on the staff is e in octave 5.
The next three strings
are in the default octave of 4, and the last two strings are in octave 3.
Since there are two different strings with pitch letter of e, the lower e is
marked as e'. Note that the octaves given are how they
should be printed on the tabnote staff. A standard guitar actually sounds
an octave lower than written. If you just use &quot;stafflines = tab&quot; without
specifying any strings, Mup not only assumes the standard guitar layout,
and prints in the appropriate octave,
<A NAME="autotran">but it also automatically</A>
<A HREF="trnspose.html">transposes</A>
the
<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output</A>
to the actual pitches an octave lower. If you specify
strings explicitly, you will have to specify the octaves and any
desired MIDI transposition values yourself. Stated another way,
<BR><PRE>
score
	staffs = 2
staff 2
	stafflines = tab
</PRE><BR>
is equivalent to
<BR><PRE>
score
	staffs=2
staff 2
	stafflines = tab (e5 b g d a3 e'3)
staff 1
	ifdef MIDI transpose = down perfect 8 endif
</PRE><BR>
Note from this last example that MIDI is taken from the tabnote staff,
not the tablature staff, so MIDI directives should be placed with the
tabnote staff.
</P>
<P>
Mup should be able to handle almost any instrument with up to 9 strings.
Several strings can have the same pitch; you just need to distinguish
them with ' marks.
The strings must be listed in whatever order the strings are to appear
on the tablature staff.
As another example,
<BR><PRE>
stafflines = tab (g3 d3 a2 e2)
</PRE><BR>
would define a standard bass guitar. Note that a bass guitar also sounds
an octave lower than written, so it should be transposed for MIDI purposes.
</P>
<H2>
Music input on tablature staffs
</H2>
<P>
Input of tablature is similar to that on regular staffs. Each note in a
chord is specified by a string and a
fret.
So fret 3 on the g string
is designated by g3 or fret 0 on the e' string is designated by e'0.
If your open string pitch includes an accidental, that would be included
as well, so if you had an instrument with an f# string and wanted to
play the 6th fret on that string, it would be f#6.
Fret numbers can range from 0 to 99.
If you want fret numbers to be placed inside parentheses,
put parentheses
around them in the input.
You can also put both the string and fret within a set of parentheses,
in which case, the note generated on the tabnote staff will have parentheses
around it.
Here are some examples of chords:
<BR><PRE>
2: d4; d5a3; b0 d(5); e2(b3)g2;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex53.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="chordinp.html#duration">Time values</A>
are specified just like on non-tablature staffs: a number
optionally followed by one or more dots (like 4 or 8..),
or a list of such numbers added together (like 2+8),
preceding the chord pitches. Tablature staffs follow the same
rules as non-tablature staffs for using time values from the previous
chord if no time value is specified on the current chord. Similarly,
if no notes are specified for a chord, the same notes used in the previous
chord are reused. As an example:
<BR><PRE>
2: 4.e5; ;8;b2;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex54.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
Since nothing is specified for the second chord, both time value (dotted
quarter) and note (e string fret 5) are copied from the first chord.
The third chord in the measure has only a time value
(an eighth note) so the note (string/fret) is repeated.
The final chord has only a note,
so the previous time value is used.
</P>
<P>
Rests and spaces can be specified with r and s, just like on non-tablature
staffs. They result in nothing being printed on the tablature staff, and
rest or space being printed on the tabnote staff.
</P>
<H2>
Chord attributes
</H2>
<P>
Any chord on a tablature staff can be preceded by a list of
<A HREF="chrdattr.html#chstyle">chord attributes</A>
in brackets, just like with non-tablature staffs. If you want a chord to be
printed with X (for a muffled string) rather than a fret number,
use [xnote].
In this case, the fret number will be used only to determine where to put
the X on the tabnote staff, and what note to use for
<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI.</A>
Using [diam]
will have no affect on the tablature staff, but will cause
diamond notes to be used on the tabnote staff.
Using [grace] or [cue] will cause the fret numbers to printed in a smaller
size, and the corresponding notes on the tabnote staff to be printed
in a smaller size. Using [slash <I>N</I>]
will cause <I>N</I> slashes to be printed below the chord on the tablature
staff, as well as
<A HREF="chrdattr.html#slashes">slashes</A>
on the corresponding chord on the tabnote staff.
You can use the other chord attributes (with, pad, and =tag) just
like on a non-tablature staff.
</P>
<H2>
Ties
</H2>
<P>
From an input point of view,
<A HREF="noteattr.html#ntie">ties</A>
work much the same on tablature staffs as on other staffs.
On output, tie marks on tablature staffs are normally not printed,
and the frets are not printed on the tied-to chord. If a tie goes across
to a new score, the frets are printed, but in parentheses, to indicate the
chord is really just the continuation of a tie.
</P>
<H2>
Slides
</H2>
<P>
In Mup input,
slides are shown with &lt;&gt;, rather like
<A HREF="noteattr.html#nslur">slurs</A>
on non-tablature staffs.
There is a special variation used for slides that come from nowhere in
particular or go to nowhere in particular.
These are shown with &lt;\n&gt;, &lt;/n&gt;, &lt;n\&gt;, or &lt;n/&gt;.
A slide is indicated on output on tablature staffs
as a slanted line between 2 fret numbers on a string.
On tabnote staffs, they as drawn as a slanted line between 2 notes.
See the examples below:
<BR><PRE>
2: a5&lt;&gt;; a6; d3&lt;&gt;; d2;
bar

2: b4&lt;/n&gt;; e3&lt;\n&gt;; a2&lt;n/&gt;; e'5&lt;n\&gt;;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex55.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<H2>
Bends
</H2>
<P>
A bend (stretching a string to make it sound higher than normal)
is specified on tablature staffs
by putting a text string after the string. The
text string can be the word &quot;full&quot; or a number and/or fraction.
Some examples:
<BR><PRE>
2: e4 &quot;full&quot;; e &quot;1/2&quot;; 2e &quot;1 1/2&quot;;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex56.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<P>
If you want to bend back down to having no bend (a release),
the text string specifying
the bend is just an empty string of &quot;&quot;.
Note that if both a fret and bend other than &quot;&quot; are specified,
<A NAME="prebend">this indicates a prebend,</A>
whereas if only a bend is specified, this indicates a normal bend.
</P>
<P>
Bends need not be an integer number of half steps, but if you specify a bend
that falls between half steps, when it is used on the tabnote
staff, the bend is rounded to the nearest half step, or rounded downward
if it is exactly in the middle of a half step.
When possible, bends of 1/4 step or less are shown on the tabnote staff
by a small curve rather than by a separate note.
</P>
<P>
You can specify bends on more than one string at once, but a continuation
bend (bending to a new distance without replucking the string) is only
allowed on a single string at a time. Here are some examples:
<BR><PRE>
2: g0b2e'0; e' &quot;1/2&quot; g &quot;full&quot; b &quot;3/4&quot;; e' &quot;&quot;; a2;
bar

2: a &quot;1/2&quot;; a &quot;full&quot;; a &quot;1/2&quot;; a &quot;&quot;;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex57.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<P>
If you have more than one voice on a tablature staff,
bends on other than the top voice may collide with other voices in some
cases, and if there are bends from more than one voice simultaneously,
they may collide.
</P>
<P>
On non-tablature staffs, bends are specified with a ^ symbol followed
by the note to bend to. The note to bend to is specified by letter and
optional octave (accidentals are not specified). If you want just a small
bend (1/4 step), this is specified by ^/. For example:
<BR><PRE>
1: e ^f; f; b ^c5; c#5;
bar

1: d+^e+ g^a; e+a; g ^/; c ^/ c+^/;
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex58.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<H2>
Miscellaneous
</H2>
<P>
Note attributes of ~ for tie, ? for a small note, and = for a tag work the
same on tablatures staffs as on non-tablature staffs.
</P>
<P>
If bm, ebm, or esbm are given on tablature staffs they are
transferred to the tabnote staff and used for
<A HREF="ichdattr.html#custbeam">custom beaming</A>
there.
<A HREF="chrdattr.html#withlist">Items in "with" lists inside [ ]</A>
are also copied to the tabnote staff.
In general, unless otherwise specified here,
if you want items such as
<A HREF="stuff.html">tempo and dynamic marks</A>
to appear on both tablature and tabnote staff, you
have to specify them for both staffs.
</P>
<P>
The
<A HREF="ichdattr.html#alt">"alt" inter-chord attribute</A>
is not allowed on tablature staffs.
</P>
<P>
When there is a tablature staff, the
<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI</A>
is actually generated from the
tabnote staff. There are some limitations.
Currently, no MIDI pitch bends are generated; slides and
bends are instantaneous rather than gradual.
</P>
<P>
If a
capo is being used, it probably better to declare a
<A HREF="trnspose.html">transposition</A>
of the tabnote staff rather than declaring the strings to be different
notes. This is because most people would rather think of the original
string letters when entering the tab staff information; and if you decide to
put the capo on a different fret later,
you only have to change the &quot;transpose&quot; line.
<A HREF="tabstaff.html#autotran">The automatic MIDI octave tranposition for standard guitar</A>
will also then still apply, on top of your transposition.
</P>
<P>
If you specify an
<A HREF="octave.html">octave mark</A>
(discussed in a later section)
on a tabnote staff, the derived music will be printed with the notes
raised or lowered the appropriate number of octaves to correspond to the given
octave mark interval.
</P>
<P>
Since ties are not printed on tablature staff, and input notation for
tablature slides is like what is used for slurs on ordinary staffs, if
you want a curved line like a tie or slur on a tablature or tabnote staff,
you have to use a phrase mark. See the section on
<A HREF="phrase.html">phrase marks</A>
for more details.
</P>
<P>
The chord-at-a-time input style can also be used for tablature.
The staffs being mapped to from a single input line must either be
all tablature or all non-tablature, however.
<BR><PRE>
score
	staffs=4
	brace=1-2, 3-4
	tabwhitebox=y
staff 2
	stafflines=tab
staff 4
	stafflines=tab
music

// The first two notes in each chord go to staff 2,
// and the last two go to staff 4.
[ 2; 2; 4; 4] : a2d0 g0b3; e'0a2 g0e0; 2 e'0d2 b0e3; 
bar
</PRE><BR>
<IMG SRC="mugex59.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
</P>
<HR><P>
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Commit	Line	Data
69695f33 MW	1	<HTML>
	2	<HEAD><TITLE>
	3	Tablature notation
	4	</TITLE></HEAD>
	5	<BODY>
	6	<P>
	7	<A HREF="lyrics.html"><-- previous page</A>
	8
	9	<A HREF="index.html">Table of Contents</A>    <A HREF="shaped.html">next page --></A>
	10	</P>
	11
	12	<H1>
	13	TABLATURE NOTATION
	14	</H1>
	15	<P>
	16	Mup can print tablature staffs. Tablature notation is commonly used for
	17	guitar and several other instruments. Mup supports tablature for 1 to 9
	18	strings.
	19	</P>
	20	<P>
	21	Mup will automatically create a normal 5-line staff above each tablature
	22	staff, giving the equivalant music on that staff.
	23	This staff will be referred to as the "tabnote
	24	staff." Normally, you will input music just for the tablature staff, and
	25	the tabnote staff will be derived from that. However, for any given measure,
	26	you can explicitly input music for a tabnote staff,
	27	which will turn off the automatic
	28	translation for that measure. If you only want either the tab or tabnote
	29	staff to be printed, you can mark the other one as invisible
	30	<A HREF="param.html#visible">(see the "visible" parameter).</A>
	31	You should specify the appropriate
	32	<A HREF="param.html#clef">clef</A>
	33	and
	34	<A HREF="param.html#key">key signature</A>
	35	for the tabnote staff, so that Mup can make the best derivation.
	36	</P>
	37	<H2>
	38	Specifying a tablature staff
	39	</H2>
	40	<P>
	41	To set up a tablature staff, you use the
	42	<A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines parameter.</A>
	43	To get a standard 6-line guitar tablature staff, you can just say
	44	<BR><PRE>
	45	score
	46	staffs=2
	47	staff 2
	48	stafflines = tab
	49	</PRE><BR>
	50	There are 2 staffs, because there is both the tablature staff and the
	51	automatically generated tabnote staff. The tablature staff is always
	52	immediately below the corresponding tabnote staff.
	53	Setting the
	54	<A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines parameter</A>
	55	to "tab" marks staff 2 as a tablature staff.
	56	</P>
	57	<P>
	58	If you want tablature for an instrument other than a 6-string guitar with
	59	standard tuning, you specify
	60	the pitches of the strings from top to bottom
	61	within parentheses after the "tab." For example:
	62	<BR><PRE>
	63	stafflines = tab (e a d& g)
	64	</PRE><BR>
65	would define some instrument that had 4 strings, with the string on the
66	top line of tablature staff being an e string, the next a, the next d flat,
67	and the bottom g.
68	As shown in the example, pitches can include a # or & if necessary.
69	Strings are assumed to be in octave 4 unless otherwise marked.
70	You can specify a different octave by specifying an
71	<A HREF="chordinp.html#oct">octave number</A>
72	after the
73	string's pitch (using either an absolute octave number or pluses or minuses).
74	If the instrument
75	has more than one string with the same pitch
76	(even if they are in different octaves),
77	they must be distinguished by adding one or more ' marks after the
78	pitch. The tablature definition for standard guitar is
79	<BR><PRE>
80	stafflines = tab (e5 b g d a3 e'3)
81	</PRE><BR>
82	This specifies that the top string on the staff is e in octave 5.
83	The next three strings
84	are in the default octave of 4, and the last two strings are in octave 3.
85	Since there are two different strings with pitch letter of e, the lower e is
86	marked as e'. Note that the octaves given are how they
87	should be printed on the tabnote staff. A standard guitar actually sounds
88	an octave lower than written. If you just use "stafflines = tab" without
89	specifying any strings, Mup not only assumes the standard guitar layout,
90	and prints in the appropriate octave,
91	<A NAME="autotran">but it also automatically</A>
92	<A HREF="trnspose.html">transposes</A>
93	the
94	<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output</A>
95	to the actual pitches an octave lower. If you specify
96	strings explicitly, you will have to specify the octaves and any
97	desired MIDI transposition values yourself. Stated another way,
98	<BR><PRE>
99	score
100	staffs = 2
101	staff 2
102	stafflines = tab
103	</PRE><BR>
104	is equivalent to
105	<BR><PRE>
106	score
107	staffs=2
108	staff 2
109	stafflines = tab (e5 b g d a3 e'3)
110	staff 1
111	ifdef MIDI transpose = down perfect 8 endif
112	</PRE><BR>
113	Note from this last example that MIDI is taken from the tabnote staff,
114	not the tablature staff, so MIDI directives should be placed with the
115	tabnote staff.
116	</P>
117	<P>
118	Mup should be able to handle almost any instrument with up to 9 strings.
119	Several strings can have the same pitch; you just need to distinguish
120	them with ' marks.
121	The strings must be listed in whatever order the strings are to appear
122	on the tablature staff.
123	As another example,
124	<BR><PRE>
125	stafflines = tab (g3 d3 a2 e2)
126	</PRE><BR>
127	would define a standard bass guitar. Note that a bass guitar also sounds
128	an octave lower than written, so it should be transposed for MIDI purposes.
129	</P>
130	<H2>
131	Music input on tablature staffs
132	</H2>
133	<P>
134	Input of tablature is similar to that on regular staffs. Each note in a
135	chord is specified by a string and a
136	fret.
137	So fret 3 on the g string
138	is designated by g3 or fret 0 on the e' string is designated by e'0.
139	If your open string pitch includes an accidental, that would be included
140	as well, so if you had an instrument with an f# string and wanted to
141	play the 6th fret on that string, it would be f#6.
142	Fret numbers can range from 0 to 99.
143	If you want fret numbers to be placed inside parentheses,
144	put parentheses
145	around them in the input.
146	You can also put both the string and fret within a set of parentheses,
147	in which case, the note generated on the tabnote staff will have parentheses
148	around it.
149	Here are some examples of chords:
150	<BR><PRE>
151	2: d4; d5a3; b0 d(5); e2(b3)g2;
152	bar
153	</PRE><BR>
154	<IMG SRC="mugex53.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
155	</P>
156	<P>
157	<A HREF="chordinp.html#duration">Time values</A>
158	are specified just like on non-tablature staffs: a number
159	optionally followed by one or more dots (like 4 or 8..),
160	or a list of such numbers added together (like 2+8),
161	preceding the chord pitches. Tablature staffs follow the same
162	rules as non-tablature staffs for using time values from the previous
163	chord if no time value is specified on the current chord. Similarly,
164	if no notes are specified for a chord, the same notes used in the previous
165	chord are reused. As an example:
166	<BR><PRE>
167	2: 4.e5; ;8;b2;
168	bar
169	</PRE><BR>
170	<IMG SRC="mugex54.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
171	Since nothing is specified for the second chord, both time value (dotted
172	quarter) and note (e string fret 5) are copied from the first chord.
173	The third chord in the measure has only a time value
174	(an eighth note) so the note (string/fret) is repeated.
175	The final chord has only a note,
176	so the previous time value is used.
177	</P>
178	<P>
179	Rests and spaces can be specified with r and s, just like on non-tablature
180	staffs. They result in nothing being printed on the tablature staff, and
181	rest or space being printed on the tabnote staff.
182	</P>
183	<H2>
184	Chord attributes
185	</H2>
186	<P>
187	Any chord on a tablature staff can be preceded by a list of
188	<A HREF="chrdattr.html#chstyle">chord attributes</A>
189	in brackets, just like with non-tablature staffs. If you want a chord to be
190	printed with X (for a muffled string) rather than a fret number,
191	use [xnote].
192	In this case, the fret number will be used only to determine where to put
193	the X on the tabnote staff, and what note to use for
194	<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI.</A>
195	Using [diam]
196	will have no affect on the tablature staff, but will cause
197	diamond notes to be used on the tabnote staff.
198	Using [grace] or [cue] will cause the fret numbers to printed in a smaller
199	size, and the corresponding notes on the tabnote staff to be printed
200	in a smaller size. Using [slash <I>N</I>]
201	will cause <I>N</I> slashes to be printed below the chord on the tablature
202	staff, as well as
203	<A HREF="chrdattr.html#slashes">slashes</A>
204	on the corresponding chord on the tabnote staff.
205	You can use the other chord attributes (with, pad, and =tag) just
206	like on a non-tablature staff.
207	</P>
208	<H2>
209	Ties
210	</H2>
211	<P>
212	From an input point of view,
213	<A HREF="noteattr.html#ntie">ties</A>
214	work much the same on tablature staffs as on other staffs.
215	On output, tie marks on tablature staffs are normally not printed,
216	and the frets are not printed on the tied-to chord. If a tie goes across
217	to a new score, the frets are printed, but in parentheses, to indicate the
218	chord is really just the continuation of a tie.
219	</P>
220	<H2>
221	Slides
222	</H2>
223	<P>
224	In Mup input,
225	slides are shown with <>, rather like
226	<A HREF="noteattr.html#nslur">slurs</A>
227	on non-tablature staffs.
228	There is a special variation used for slides that come from nowhere in
229	particular or go to nowhere in particular.
230	These are shown with <\n>, </n>, <n\>, or <n/>.
231	A slide is indicated on output on tablature staffs
232	as a slanted line between 2 fret numbers on a string.
233	On tabnote staffs, they as drawn as a slanted line between 2 notes.
234	See the examples below:
235	<BR><PRE>
236	2: a5<>; a6; d3<>; d2;
237	bar
238
239	2: b4</n>; e3<\n>; a2<n/>; e'5<n\>;
240	bar
241	</PRE><BR>
242	<IMG SRC="mugex55.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
243	</P>
244	<H2>
245	Bends
246	</H2>
247	<P>
248	A bend (stretching a string to make it sound higher than normal)
249	is specified on tablature staffs
250	by putting a text string after the string. The
251	text string can be the word "full" or a number and/or fraction.
252	Some examples:
253	<BR><PRE>
254	2: e4 "full"; e "1/2"; 2e "1 1/2";
255	bar
256	</PRE><BR>
257	<IMG SRC="mugex56.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
258	</P>
259	<P>
260	If you want to bend back down to having no bend (a release),
261	the text string specifying
262	the bend is just an empty string of "".
263	Note that if both a fret and bend other than "" are specified,
264	<A NAME="prebend">this indicates a prebend,</A>
265	whereas if only a bend is specified, this indicates a normal bend.
266	</P>
267	<P>
268	Bends need not be an integer number of half steps, but if you specify a bend
269	that falls between half steps, when it is used on the tabnote
270	staff, the bend is rounded to the nearest half step, or rounded downward
271	if it is exactly in the middle of a half step.
272	When possible, bends of 1/4 step or less are shown on the tabnote staff
273	by a small curve rather than by a separate note.
274	</P>
275	<P>
276	You can specify bends on more than one string at once, but a continuation
277	bend (bending to a new distance without replucking the string) is only
278	allowed on a single string at a time. Here are some examples:
279	<BR><PRE>
280	2: g0b2e'0; e' "1/2" g "full" b "3/4"; e' ""; a2;
281	bar
282
283	2: a "1/2"; a "full"; a "1/2"; a "";
284	bar
285	</PRE><BR>
286	<IMG SRC="mugex57.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
287	</P>
288	<P>
289	If you have more than one voice on a tablature staff,
290	bends on other than the top voice may collide with other voices in some
291	cases, and if there are bends from more than one voice simultaneously,
292	they may collide.
293	</P>
294	<P>
295	On non-tablature staffs, bends are specified with a ^ symbol followed
296	by the note to bend to. The note to bend to is specified by letter and
297	optional octave (accidentals are not specified). If you want just a small
298	bend (1/4 step), this is specified by ^/. For example:
299	<BR><PRE>
300	1: e ^f; f; b ^c5; c#5;
301	bar
302
303	1: d+^e+ g^a; e+a; g ^/; c ^/ c+^/;
304	bar
305	</PRE><BR>
306	<IMG SRC="mugex58.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
307	</P>
308	<H2>
309	Miscellaneous
310	</H2>
311	<P>
312	Note attributes of ~ for tie, ? for a small note, and = for a tag work the
313	same on tablatures staffs as on non-tablature staffs.
314	</P>
315	<P>
316	If bm, ebm, or esbm are given on tablature staffs they are
317	transferred to the tabnote staff and used for
318	<A HREF="ichdattr.html#custbeam">custom beaming</A>
319	there.
320	<A HREF="chrdattr.html#withlist">Items in "with" lists inside [ ]</A>
321	are also copied to the tabnote staff.
322	In general, unless otherwise specified here,
323	if you want items such as
324	<A HREF="stuff.html">tempo and dynamic marks</A>
325	to appear on both tablature and tabnote staff, you
326	have to specify them for both staffs.
327	</P>
328	<P>
329	The
330	<A HREF="ichdattr.html#alt">"alt" inter-chord attribute</A>
331	is not allowed on tablature staffs.
332	</P>
333	<P>
334	When there is a tablature staff, the
335	<A HREF="midi.html">MIDI</A>
336	is actually generated from the
337	tabnote staff. There are some limitations.
338	Currently, no MIDI pitch bends are generated; slides and
339	bends are instantaneous rather than gradual.
340	</P>
341	<P>
342	If a
343	capo is being used, it probably better to declare a
344	<A HREF="trnspose.html">transposition</A>
345	of the tabnote staff rather than declaring the strings to be different
346	notes. This is because most people would rather think of the original
347	string letters when entering the tab staff information; and if you decide to
348	put the capo on a different fret later,
349	you only have to change the "transpose" line.
350	<A HREF="tabstaff.html#autotran">The automatic MIDI octave tranposition for standard guitar</A>
351	will also then still apply, on top of your transposition.
352	</P>
353	<P>
354	If you specify an
355	<A HREF="octave.html">octave mark</A>
356	(discussed in a later section)
357	on a tabnote staff, the derived music will be printed with the notes
358	raised or lowered the appropriate number of octaves to correspond to the given
359	octave mark interval.
360	</P>
361	<P>
362	Since ties are not printed on tablature staff, and input notation for
363	tablature slides is like what is used for slurs on ordinary staffs, if
364	you want a curved line like a tie or slur on a tablature or tabnote staff,
365	you have to use a phrase mark. See the section on
366	<A HREF="phrase.html">phrase marks</A>
367	for more details.
368	</P>
369	<P>
370	The chord-at-a-time input style can also be used for tablature.
371	The staffs being mapped to from a single input line must either be
372	all tablature or all non-tablature, however.
373	<BR><PRE>
374	score
375	staffs=4
376	brace=1-2, 3-4
377	tabwhitebox=y
378	staff 2
379	stafflines=tab
380	staff 4
381	stafflines=tab
382	music
383
384	// The first two notes in each chord go to staff 2,
385	// and the last two go to staff 4.
386	[ 2; 2; 4; 4] : a2d0 g0b3; e'0a2 g0e0; 2 e'0d2 b0e3;
387	bar
388	</PRE><BR>
389	<IMG SRC="mugex59.gif" ALT="Picture of Mup output"><BR>
390	</P>
391	<HR><P>
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