1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
42 #include <sys/inotify.h>
46 #include <sys/prctl.h>
47 #include <sys/utsname.h>
49 #include <netinet/ip.h>
53 #include <sys/capability.h>
55 #include <linux/rtc.h>
65 #include "exit-status.h"
69 char **saved_argv = NULL;
71 size_t page_size(void) {
72 static __thread size_t pgsz = 0;
78 assert_se((r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)) > 0);
85 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
87 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
98 usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) {
101 assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0);
103 return timespec_load(&ts);
106 dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_get(dual_timestamp *ts) {
109 ts->realtime = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
110 ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
115 dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_from_realtime(dual_timestamp *ts, usec_t u) {
124 delta = (int64_t) now(CLOCK_REALTIME) - (int64_t) u;
126 ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
128 if ((int64_t) ts->monotonic > delta)
129 ts->monotonic -= delta;
137 usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) {
141 (usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
142 (usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
145 struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) {
148 ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
149 ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC);
154 usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) {
158 (usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
159 (usec_t) tv->tv_usec;
162 struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) {
165 tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
166 tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC);
171 bool endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
178 pl = strlen(postfix);
186 return memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) == 0;
189 bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
204 return memcmp(s, prefix, pl) == 0;
207 bool startswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
223 for(i = 0; i < pl; ++i) {
224 if (tolower(s[i]) != tolower(prefix[i]))
231 bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
246 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
250 strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]);
253 int close_nointr(int fd) {
268 void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) {
269 int saved_errno = errno;
271 /* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno
274 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0);
279 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
282 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
283 close_nointr_nofail(fds[i]);
286 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
289 if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on"))
291 else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off"))
297 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
298 unsigned long ul = 0;
305 if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0)
310 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
320 int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
321 unsigned long ul = 0;
328 if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0)
333 if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
340 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
348 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
350 if (!x || *x || errno)
351 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
353 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
356 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
360 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
368 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
370 if (!x || *x || errno)
371 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
373 if ((long) (int) l != l)
380 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
382 unsigned long long l;
388 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
390 if (!x || *x || errno)
391 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
397 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
405 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
407 if (!x || *x || errno)
408 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
414 /* Split a string into words. */
415 char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) {
418 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
420 if (!*current || *c == 0)
423 current += strspn(current, separator);
424 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
427 return (char*) current;
430 /* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and
431 * "" as words even if they include spaces. */
432 char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) {
434 bool escaped = false;
436 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
438 if (!*current || *c == 0)
441 current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE);
443 if (*current == '\'') {
446 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
456 *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
457 } else if (*current == '\"') {
460 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
470 *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
472 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
477 else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
484 return (char*) current;
487 char **split_path_and_make_absolute(const char *p) {
491 if (!(l = strv_split(p, ":")))
494 if (!strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(l)) {
502 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
505 char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p;
511 assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
514 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
517 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
525 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
526 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
527 * skip over it manually */
529 if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
540 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
543 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
548 int get_starttime_of_pid(pid_t pid, unsigned long long *st) {
551 char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p;
556 assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
559 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
562 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
570 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
571 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
572 * skip over it manually */
574 if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
595 "%*d " /* priority */
597 "%*d " /* num_threads */
598 "%*d " /* itrealvalue */
599 "%llu " /* starttime */,
606 int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) {
613 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "we")))
617 if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
622 if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
640 int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
645 r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
651 int write_one_line_file_atomic(const char *fn, const char *line) {
659 r = fopen_temporary(fn, &f, &p);
663 fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
666 if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
671 if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
682 if (rename(p, fn) < 0)
698 int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) {
701 char t[LINE_MAX], *c;
706 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
709 if (!(fgets(t, sizeof(t), f))) {
714 if (!(c = strdup(t))) {
729 int read_full_file(const char *fn, char **contents, size_t *size) {
736 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
739 if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) {
745 if (st.st_size > 4*1024*1024) {
750 n = st.st_size > 0 ? st.st_size : LINE_MAX;
757 if (!(t = realloc(buf, n+1))) {
763 k = fread(buf + l, 1, n - l, f);
778 if (n > 4*1024*1024) {
786 else if (!(buf = calloc(1, 1))) {
808 const char *separator, ...) {
816 if ((r = read_full_file(fname, &contents, NULL)) < 0)
821 const char *key = NULL;
823 p += strspn(p, separator);
824 p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE);
829 if (!strchr(COMMENTS, *p)) {
833 va_start(ap, separator);
834 while ((key = va_arg(ap, char *))) {
838 value = va_arg(ap, char **);
841 if (strncmp(p, key, n) != 0 ||
846 n = strcspn(p, separator);
849 strchr(QUOTES, p[0]) &&
851 v = strndup(p+1, n-2);
862 /* return empty value strings as NULL */
879 p += strcspn(p, separator);
898 if (!(f = fopen(fname, "re")))
902 char l[LINE_MAX], *p, *u;
905 if (!fgets(l, sizeof(l), f)) {
918 if (strchr(COMMENTS, *p))
921 if (!(u = normalize_env_assignment(p))) {
922 log_error("Out of memory");
927 t = strv_append(m, u);
931 log_error("Out of memory");
954 int write_env_file(const char *fname, char **l) {
959 r = fopen_temporary(fname, &f, &p);
963 fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
979 if (rename(p, fname) < 0)
994 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
997 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
1001 int get_process_name(pid_t pid, char **name) {
1008 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/comm", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
1011 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
1020 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, char **line) {
1028 assert(max_length > 0);
1031 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
1040 if (!(r = new(char, max_length))) {
1047 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
1069 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
1070 memcpy(k, "...", n);
1077 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
1084 if ((h = get_process_name(pid, &t)) < 0)
1087 h = asprintf(&r, "[%s]", t);
1098 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
1106 return strndup(suffix, b);
1116 if (!(r = new(char, a+b+1)))
1120 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
1126 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
1127 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
1130 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) {
1140 if (!(c = new(char, l)))
1143 if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) {
1149 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
1160 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
1167 if ((j = readlink_malloc(p, &target)) < 0)
1170 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
1180 int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
1187 j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
1191 s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
1198 path_kill_slashes(*r);
1203 int parent_of_path(const char *path, char **_r) {
1204 const char *e, *a = NULL, *b = NULL, *p;
1214 for (e = path; *e; e++) {
1216 if (!slash && *e == '/') {
1220 } else if (slash && *e != '/')
1235 r = strndup(path, p-path);
1245 char *file_name_from_path(const char *p) {
1250 if ((r = strrchr(p, '/')))
1256 bool path_is_absolute(const char *p) {
1262 bool is_path(const char *p) {
1264 return !!strchr(p, '/');
1267 char *path_make_absolute(const char *p, const char *prefix) {
1272 /* Makes every item in the list an absolute path by prepending
1273 * the prefix, if specified and necessary */
1275 if (path_is_absolute(p) || !prefix)
1278 if (asprintf(&r, "%s/%s", prefix, p) < 0)
1284 char *path_make_absolute_cwd(const char *p) {
1289 /* Similar to path_make_absolute(), but prefixes with the
1290 * current working directory. */
1292 if (path_is_absolute(p))
1295 if (!(cwd = get_current_dir_name()))
1298 r = path_make_absolute(p, cwd);
1304 char **strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(char **l) {
1307 /* Goes through every item in the string list and makes it
1308 * absolute. This works in place and won't rollback any
1309 * changes on failure. */
1311 STRV_FOREACH(s, l) {
1314 if (!(t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s)))
1324 char **strv_path_canonicalize(char **l) {
1327 bool enomem = false;
1329 if (strv_isempty(l))
1332 /* Goes through every item in the string list and canonicalize
1333 * the path. This works in place and won't rollback any
1334 * changes on failure. */
1336 STRV_FOREACH(s, l) {
1339 t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s);
1348 u = canonicalize_file_name(t);
1352 if (errno == ENOMEM || !errno)
1369 char **strv_path_remove_empty(char **l) {
1375 for (f = t = l; *f; f++) {
1377 if (dir_is_empty(*f) > 0) {
1389 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
1392 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
1393 struct sigaction sa;
1395 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
1399 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
1400 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
1402 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
1403 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
1404 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
1405 if (errno != EINVAL)
1412 char *strstrip(char *s) {
1415 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
1416 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
1418 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
1420 for (e = s; *e; e++)
1421 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
1432 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
1435 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
1437 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
1438 if (strchr(bad, *f))
1449 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
1456 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
1457 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
1460 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
1461 return strdup(filename);
1463 if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
1464 return strdup(filename);
1466 k = strlen(filename);
1467 if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
1470 memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
1471 memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
1476 int safe_mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1479 if (label_mkdir(path, mode) >= 0)
1480 if (chmod_and_chown(path, mode, uid, gid) < 0)
1483 if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
1486 if ((st.st_mode & 0777) != mode ||
1489 !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1498 int mkdir_parents(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
1503 /* Creates every parent directory in the path except the last
1506 p = path + strspn(path, "/");
1511 e = p + strcspn(p, "/");
1512 p = e + strspn(e, "/");
1514 /* Is this the last component? If so, then we're
1519 if (!(t = strndup(path, e - path)))
1522 r = label_mkdir(t, mode);
1525 if (r < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
1530 int mkdir_p(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
1535 if ((r = mkdir_parents(path, mode)) < 0)
1538 if (label_mkdir(path, mode) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
1544 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
1553 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1554 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1560 /* Skip last component */
1561 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
1564 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1565 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1571 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1574 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1583 if (errno != ENOENT)
1591 char hexchar(int x) {
1592 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1594 return table[x & 15];
1597 int unhexchar(char c) {
1599 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1602 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1603 return c - 'a' + 10;
1605 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1606 return c - 'A' + 10;
1611 char octchar(int x) {
1612 return '0' + (x & 7);
1615 int unoctchar(char c) {
1617 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1623 char decchar(int x) {
1624 return '0' + (x % 10);
1627 int undecchar(char c) {
1629 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1635 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1641 /* Does C style string escaping. */
1643 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1)))
1646 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1692 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
1693 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
1694 * g_strescape() does the same */
1695 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
1697 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
1698 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
1699 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
1710 char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
1716 /* Undoes C style string escaping */
1718 if (!(r = new(char, length+1)))
1721 for (f = s, t = r; f < s + length; f++) {
1764 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1769 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1772 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1773 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1774 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1778 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1793 /* octal encoding */
1796 if ((a = unoctchar(f[0])) < 0 ||
1797 (b = unoctchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1798 (c = unoctchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1799 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1803 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
1811 /* premature end of string.*/
1816 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1828 char *cunescape(const char *s) {
1829 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
1832 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1836 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1837 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1840 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4+1)))
1843 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1845 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1846 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1849 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1850 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1860 char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) {
1866 /* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal
1867 * with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */
1869 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1)))
1872 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1874 if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') &&
1875 !(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') &&
1876 !(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) {
1878 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1879 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1889 char *bus_path_unescape(const char *f) {
1894 if (!(r = strdup(f)))
1897 for (t = r; *f; f++) {
1902 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1903 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1904 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1907 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1919 char *path_kill_slashes(char *path) {
1923 /* Removes redundant inner and trailing slashes. Modifies the
1924 * passed string in-place.
1926 * ///foo///bar/ becomes /foo/bar
1929 for (f = path, t = path; *f; f++) {
1944 /* Special rule, if we are talking of the root directory, a
1945 trailing slash is good */
1947 if (t == path && slash)
1954 bool path_startswith(const char *path, const char *prefix) {
1958 if ((path[0] == '/') != (prefix[0] == '/'))
1964 path += strspn(path, "/");
1965 prefix += strspn(prefix, "/");
1973 a = strcspn(path, "/");
1974 b = strcspn(prefix, "/");
1979 if (memcmp(path, prefix, a) != 0)
1987 bool path_equal(const char *a, const char *b) {
1991 if ((a[0] == '/') != (b[0] == '/'))
1997 a += strspn(a, "/");
1998 b += strspn(b, "/");
2000 if (*a == 0 && *b == 0)
2003 if (*a == 0 || *b == 0)
2006 j = strcspn(a, "/");
2007 k = strcspn(b, "/");
2012 if (memcmp(a, b, j) != 0)
2020 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
2025 for (p = t; *p; p++)
2026 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
2027 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
2032 bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
2036 filename[0] == '.' ||
2037 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
2038 streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
2039 streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
2040 endswith(filename, "~") ||
2041 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
2042 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
2043 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
2044 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
2045 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
2046 endswith(filename, ".swp");
2049 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
2054 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
2058 flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
2060 flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
2062 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
2068 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
2073 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
2077 flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
2079 flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC;
2081 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0)
2087 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
2092 if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd")))
2095 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
2098 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
2101 if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
2102 /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
2116 for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++)
2117 if (except[i] == fd) {
2126 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
2127 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
2128 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
2137 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
2140 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
2141 for (p = a; *p; p++)
2148 char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
2158 sec = (time_t) (t / USEC_PER_SEC);
2160 if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0)
2166 char *format_timestamp_pretty(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
2169 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
2171 if (t <= 0 || t > n || t + USEC_PER_DAY*7 <= t)
2176 if (d >= USEC_PER_YEAR)
2177 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu years and %llu months ago",
2178 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_YEAR),
2179 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_YEAR) / USEC_PER_MONTH));
2180 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MONTH)
2181 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu months and %llu days ago",
2182 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MONTH),
2183 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MONTH) / USEC_PER_DAY));
2184 else if (d >= USEC_PER_WEEK)
2185 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu weeks and %llu days ago",
2186 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_WEEK),
2187 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_WEEK) / USEC_PER_DAY));
2188 else if (d >= 2*USEC_PER_DAY)
2189 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu days ago", (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_DAY));
2190 else if (d >= 25*USEC_PER_HOUR)
2191 snprintf(buf, l, "1 day and %lluh ago",
2192 (unsigned long long) ((d - USEC_PER_DAY) / USEC_PER_HOUR));
2193 else if (d >= 6*USEC_PER_HOUR)
2194 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh ago",
2195 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR));
2196 else if (d >= USEC_PER_HOUR)
2197 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh %llumin ago",
2198 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR),
2199 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_HOUR) / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
2200 else if (d >= 5*USEC_PER_MINUTE)
2201 snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin ago",
2202 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
2203 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MINUTE)
2204 snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin %llus ago",
2205 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE),
2206 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MINUTE) / USEC_PER_SEC));
2207 else if (d >= USEC_PER_SEC)
2208 snprintf(buf, l, "%llus ago",
2209 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_SEC));
2210 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MSEC)
2211 snprintf(buf, l, "%llums ago",
2212 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MSEC));
2214 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluus ago",
2215 (unsigned long long) d);
2217 snprintf(buf, l, "now");
2223 char *format_timespan(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
2224 static const struct {
2228 { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
2229 { "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
2230 { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
2231 { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
2232 { "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
2233 { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
2243 if (t == (usec_t) -1)
2247 snprintf(p, l, "0");
2252 /* The result of this function can be parsed with parse_usec */
2254 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) {
2258 if (t < table[i].usec)
2264 k = snprintf(p, l, "%s%llu%s", p > buf ? " " : "", (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].usec), table[i].suffix);
2265 n = MIN((size_t) k, l);
2278 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
2279 static const char * const table[] = {
2291 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
2292 if (streq(table[i], fstype))
2301 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
2306 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
2310 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
2313 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
2316 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
2319 close_nointr_nofail(r);
2323 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, bool *need_nl) {
2324 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
2326 char line[LINE_MAX];
2331 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
2332 new_termios = old_termios;
2334 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
2335 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
2336 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
2338 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
2341 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
2343 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
2349 *need_nl = c != '\n';
2356 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)))
2361 if (strlen(line) != 1)
2371 int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
2378 on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
2384 bool need_nl = true;
2387 fputs("\x1B[1m", stdout);
2394 fputs("\x1B[0m", stdout);
2398 if ((r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, &need_nl)) < 0) {
2400 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
2401 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
2412 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
2417 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
2421 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd) {
2422 struct termios termios;
2426 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
2430 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
2431 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
2432 * interfere with that. */
2434 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
2435 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
2437 /* Enable console unicode mode */
2439 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, &arg);
2441 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
2446 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
2447 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
2448 * else will do that for us */
2450 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
2451 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
2452 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
2453 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
2454 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
2456 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
2457 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
2458 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
2459 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
2460 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
2461 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
2462 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
2463 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
2464 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
2465 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
2466 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
2467 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
2468 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
2470 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
2471 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
2473 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
2477 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
2478 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
2483 int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
2486 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
2490 r = reset_terminal_fd(fd);
2491 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2496 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
2501 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
2502 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
2503 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
2504 * retrying a couple of times.
2506 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
2510 if ((fd = open(name, mode)) >= 0)
2519 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
2526 if ((r = isatty(fd)) < 0) {
2527 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2532 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2539 int flush_fd(int fd) {
2540 struct pollfd pollfd;
2544 pollfd.events = POLLIN;
2551 if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) {
2562 if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) {
2567 if (errno == EAGAIN)
2578 int acquire_terminal(const char *name, bool fail, bool force, bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm) {
2579 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r, wd = -1;
2583 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
2584 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
2585 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
2587 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
2588 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
2589 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
2590 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
2591 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
2592 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
2593 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
2594 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
2596 if (!fail && !force) {
2597 if ((notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
2602 if ((wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE)) < 0) {
2610 if ((r = flush_fd(notify)) < 0)
2613 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
2614 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
2615 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
2616 if ((fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
2619 /* First, try to get the tty */
2620 r = ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force);
2622 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
2623 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
2624 * are have this controlling terminal. */
2625 if (r < 0 && errno == EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
2628 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || errno != EPERM)) {
2638 assert(notify >= 0);
2641 uint8_t inotify_buffer[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + FILENAME_MAX];
2643 struct inotify_event *e;
2645 if ((l = read(notify, &inotify_buffer, sizeof(inotify_buffer))) < 0) {
2654 e = (struct inotify_event*) inotify_buffer;
2659 if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
2664 step = sizeof(struct inotify_event) + e->len;
2665 assert(step <= (size_t) l);
2667 e = (struct inotify_event*) ((uint8_t*) e + step);
2674 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
2675 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
2676 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
2677 * an endless loop. */
2678 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2682 close_nointr_nofail(notify);
2684 if ((r = reset_terminal_fd(fd)) < 0)
2685 log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
2691 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2694 close_nointr_nofail(notify);
2699 int release_terminal(void) {
2701 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new;
2703 if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
2706 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2707 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2710 sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
2711 sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2712 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2714 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2717 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2719 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2723 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2728 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2729 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2736 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2737 struct sigaction sa;
2742 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
2743 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2745 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2749 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2750 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2757 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2758 struct sigaction sa;
2763 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
2764 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2766 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2770 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2771 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2778 int close_pipe(int p[]) {
2784 a = close_nointr(p[0]);
2789 b = close_nointr(p[1]);
2793 return a < 0 ? a : b;
2796 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2805 while (nbytes > 0) {
2808 if ((k = read(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) {
2810 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2813 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2814 struct pollfd pollfd;
2818 pollfd.events = POLLIN;
2820 if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
2824 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2827 if (pollfd.revents != POLLIN)
2828 return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
2833 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2844 ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2853 while (nbytes > 0) {
2856 if ((k = write(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) {
2858 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2861 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2862 struct pollfd pollfd;
2866 pollfd.events = POLLOUT;
2868 if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
2872 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2875 if (pollfd.revents != POLLOUT)
2876 return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
2881 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2892 int path_is_mount_point(const char *t) {
2897 if (lstat(t, &a) < 0) {
2898 if (errno == ENOENT)
2904 if ((r = parent_of_path(t, &parent)) < 0)
2907 r = lstat(parent, &b);
2913 return a.st_dev != b.st_dev;
2916 int parse_usec(const char *t, usec_t *usec) {
2917 static const struct {
2921 { "sec", USEC_PER_SEC },
2922 { "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
2923 { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
2924 { "hr", USEC_PER_HOUR },
2925 { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
2926 { "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
2927 { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
2928 { "msec", USEC_PER_MSEC },
2929 { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
2930 { "m", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
2933 { "", USEC_PER_SEC },
2949 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2960 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2962 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
2963 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2964 r += (usec_t) l * table[i].usec;
2965 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2969 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table))
2979 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2984 r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
2985 s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
2986 t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
2989 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2991 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2994 fd_cloexec(STDIN_FILENO, false);
2995 fd_cloexec(STDOUT_FILENO, false);
2996 fd_cloexec(STDERR_FILENO, false);
3001 int make_null_stdio(void) {
3004 if ((null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
3007 return make_stdio(null_fd);
3010 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
3012 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
3013 * sysfs or in /dev */
3016 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
3017 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
3020 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
3023 struct dirent buf, *de;
3025 if (!(d = opendir(path)))
3029 if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) > 0) {
3039 if (!ignore_file(de->d_name)) {
3049 unsigned long long random_ull(void) {
3054 if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
3057 r = loop_read(fd, &ull, sizeof(ull), true);
3058 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3060 if (r != sizeof(ull))
3066 return random() * RAND_MAX + random();
3069 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
3072 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
3074 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). The string
3075 * passed should fit in 7 chars (i.e. the length of
3078 if (program_invocation_name)
3079 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
3081 if (saved_argc > 0) {
3085 strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
3087 for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
3091 memset(saved_argv[i], 0, strlen(saved_argv[i]));
3096 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
3103 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
3104 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
3108 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
3111 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
3114 return strdup(u.nodename);
3116 return strdup(u.sysname);
3119 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
3123 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
3126 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
3131 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
3133 return strdup("root");
3135 if ((bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX)) <= 0)
3138 if (!(buf = malloc(bufsize)))
3141 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw) {
3142 name = strdup(pw->pw_name);
3149 if (asprintf(&name, "%lu", (unsigned long) uid) < 0)
3155 int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **r) {
3156 char path[PATH_MAX], *c;
3161 if ((k = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path))) != 0)
3166 if (!(c = strdup(startswith(path, "/dev/") ? path + 5 : path)))
3173 int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
3177 if ((k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s)) < 0)
3180 if (streq(s, "tty")) {
3182 return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
3189 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
3191 char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *fn;
3192 unsigned long ttynr;
3195 if (asprintf(&fn, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) (pid <= 0 ? getpid() : pid)) < 0)
3198 f = fopen(fn, "re");
3203 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
3211 p = strrchr(line, ')');
3221 "%*d " /* session */
3230 int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
3232 char fn[PATH_MAX], *s, *b, *p;
3237 k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
3241 snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
3244 if ((k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s)) < 0) {
3249 /* This is an ugly hack */
3250 if (major(devnr) == 136) {
3251 if (asprintf(&b, "pts/%lu", (unsigned long) minor(devnr)) < 0)
3261 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
3262 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
3263 * vaguely useful. */
3265 if (!(b = strdup(fn + 5)))
3275 if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
3277 else if (startswith(s, "../"))
3295 static int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs) {
3301 /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
3304 if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3305 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3307 return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
3311 struct dirent buf, *de;
3315 if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) != 0) {
3324 if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
3327 if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3330 if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3331 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3336 is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3338 is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
3343 if ((subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
3344 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3349 if ((r = rm_rf_children(subdir_fd, only_dirs)) < 0) {
3354 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
3355 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3358 } else if (!only_dirs) {
3360 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
3361 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3372 int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root) {
3378 if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
3380 if (errno != ENOTDIR)
3383 if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
3384 if (unlink(path) < 0)
3390 r = rm_rf_children(fd, only_dirs);
3393 if (rmdir(path) < 0) {
3401 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
3404 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
3405 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
3406 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
3408 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
3411 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
3417 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
3421 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
3424 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
3427 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
3428 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
3438 if (errno != EINVAL)
3445 void status_vprintf(const char *format, va_list ap) {
3451 /* This independent of logging, as status messages are
3452 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
3454 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
3457 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
3460 write(fd, s, strlen(s));
3466 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3469 void status_printf(const char *format, ...) {
3474 va_start(ap, format);
3475 status_vprintf(format, ap);
3479 void status_welcome(void) {
3480 char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL;
3481 const char *const_pretty = NULL, *const_color = NULL;
3484 if ((r = parse_env_file("/etc/os-release", NEWLINE,
3485 "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
3486 "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
3490 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/os-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3493 #if defined(TARGET_FEDORA)
3495 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/system-release", &pretty_name)) < 0) {
3498 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/system-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3502 if (!ansi_color && pretty_name) {
3504 /* This tries to mimic the color magic the old Red Hat sysinit
3507 if (startswith(pretty_name, "Red Hat"))
3508 const_color = "0;31"; /* Red for RHEL */
3509 else if (startswith(pretty_name, "Fedora"))
3510 const_color = "0;34"; /* Blue for Fedora */
3513 #elif defined(TARGET_SUSE)
3516 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/SuSE-release", &pretty_name)) < 0) {
3519 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/SuSE-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3524 const_color = "0;32"; /* Green for openSUSE */
3526 #elif defined(TARGET_GENTOO)
3529 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/gentoo-release", &pretty_name)) < 0) {
3532 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/gentoo-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3537 const_color = "1;34"; /* Light Blue for Gentoo */
3539 #elif defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX)
3542 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/altlinux-release", &pretty_name)) < 0) {
3545 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/altlinux-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3550 const_color = "0;36"; /* Cyan for ALTLinux */
3553 #elif defined(TARGET_DEBIAN)
3558 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/debian_version", &version)) < 0) {
3561 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/debian_version: %s", strerror(-r));
3563 pretty_name = strappend("Debian ", version);
3567 log_warning("Failed to allocate Debian version string.");
3572 const_color = "1;31"; /* Light Red for Debian */
3574 #elif defined(TARGET_UBUNTU)
3576 if ((r = parse_env_file("/etc/lsb-release", NEWLINE,
3577 "DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION", &pretty_name,
3581 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/lsb-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3585 const_color = "0;33"; /* Orange/Brown for Ubuntu */
3587 #elif defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA)
3592 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/mandriva-release", &s) < 0)) {
3594 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/mandriva-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3596 p = strstr(s, " release ");
3600 p[strcspn(p, " ")] = '\0';
3602 /* This corresponds to standard rc.sysinit */
3603 if (asprintf(&pretty_name, "%s\x1B[0;39m %s", s, p) > 0)
3604 const_color = "1;36";
3606 log_warning("Failed to allocate Mandriva version string.");
3608 log_warning("Failed to parse /etc/mandriva-release");
3612 #elif defined(TARGET_MEEGO)
3615 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/etc/meego-release", &pretty_name)) < 0) {
3618 log_warning("Failed to read /etc/meego-release: %s", strerror(-r));
3623 const_color = "1;35"; /* Bright Magenta for MeeGo */
3626 if (!pretty_name && !const_pretty)
3627 const_pretty = "Linux";
3629 if (!ansi_color && !const_color)
3632 status_printf("\nWelcome to \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n\n",
3633 const_color ? const_color : ansi_color,
3634 const_pretty ? const_pretty : pretty_name);
3640 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
3647 const char *e, *word = format;
3652 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
3663 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1)))
3672 } else if (*e == '$') {
3673 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3689 if (!(t = strv_env_get_with_length(env, word+2, e-word-2)))
3692 if (!(k = strappend(r, t)))
3705 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3716 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
3718 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
3720 l = strv_length(argv);
3722 if (!(r = new(char*, l+1)))
3725 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
3727 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
3728 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
3733 if ((e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1))) {
3735 if (!(m = strv_split_quoted(e))) {
3746 if (!(w = realloc(r, sizeof(char*) * (l+1)))) {
3755 memcpy(r + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
3763 /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
3764 if (!(r[k++] = replace_env(*i, env))) {
3775 static __thread int parsed_columns = 0;
3778 if (parsed_columns > 0)
3779 return parsed_columns;
3781 if ((e = getenv("COLUMNS")))
3782 parsed_columns = atoi(e);
3784 if (parsed_columns <= 0) {
3788 if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) >= 0)
3789 parsed_columns = ws.ws_col;
3792 if (parsed_columns <= 0)
3793 parsed_columns = 80;
3795 return parsed_columns;
3798 int running_in_chroot(void) {
3804 /* Only works as root */
3806 if (stat("/proc/1/root", &a) < 0)
3809 if (stat("/", &b) < 0)
3813 a.st_dev != b.st_dev ||
3814 a.st_ino != b.st_ino;
3817 char *ellipsize(const char *s, unsigned length, unsigned percent) {
3822 assert(percent <= 100);
3823 assert(length >= 3);
3827 if (l <= 3 || l <= length)
3830 if (!(r = new0(char, length+1)))
3833 x = (length * percent) / 100;
3843 s + l - (length - x - 3),
3849 int touch(const char *path) {
3854 if ((fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644)) < 0)
3857 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3861 char *unquote(const char *s, const char* quotes) {
3865 if ((l = strlen(s)) < 2)
3868 if (strchr(quotes, s[0]) && s[l-1] == s[0])
3869 return strndup(s+1, l-2);
3874 char *normalize_env_assignment(const char *s) {
3875 char *name, *value, *p, *r;
3880 if (!(r = strdup(s)))
3886 if (!(name = strndup(s, p - s)))
3889 if (!(p = strdup(p+1))) {
3894 value = unquote(strstrip(p), QUOTES);
3902 if (asprintf(&r, "%s=%s", name, value) < 0)
3911 int wait_for_terminate(pid_t pid, siginfo_t *status) {
3922 if (waitid(P_PID, pid, status, WEXITED) < 0) {
3934 int wait_for_terminate_and_warn(const char *name, pid_t pid) {
3941 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0) {
3942 log_warning("Failed to wait for %s: %s", name, strerror(-r));
3946 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3947 if (status.si_status != 0) {
3948 log_warning("%s failed with error code %i.", name, status.si_status);
3949 return status.si_status;
3952 log_debug("%s succeeded.", name);
3955 } else if (status.si_code == CLD_KILLED ||
3956 status.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
3958 log_warning("%s terminated by signal %s.", name, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
3962 log_warning("%s failed due to unknown reason.", name);
3969 /* Make sure nobody waits for us on a socket anymore */
3970 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
3978 bool null_or_empty(struct stat *st) {
3981 if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode) && st->st_size <= 0)
3984 if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode))
3990 int null_or_empty_path(const char *fn) {
3995 if (stat(fn, &st) < 0)
3998 return null_or_empty(&st);
4001 DIR *xopendirat(int fd, const char *name, int flags) {
4005 if ((nfd = openat(fd, name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|flags)) < 0)
4008 if (!(d = fdopendir(nfd))) {
4009 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
4016 int signal_from_string_try_harder(const char *s) {
4020 if ((signo = signal_from_string(s)) <= 0)
4021 if (startswith(s, "SIG"))
4022 return signal_from_string(s+3);
4027 void dual_timestamp_serialize(FILE *f, const char *name, dual_timestamp *t) {
4033 if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(t))
4036 fprintf(f, "%s=%llu %llu\n",
4038 (unsigned long long) t->realtime,
4039 (unsigned long long) t->monotonic);
4042 void dual_timestamp_deserialize(const char *value, dual_timestamp *t) {
4043 unsigned long long a, b;
4048 if (sscanf(value, "%lli %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
4049 log_debug("Failed to parse finish timestamp value %s", value);
4056 char *fstab_node_to_udev_node(const char *p) {
4060 /* FIXME: to follow udev's logic 100% we need to leave valid
4061 * UTF8 chars unescaped */
4063 if (startswith(p, "LABEL=")) {
4065 if (!(u = unquote(p+6, "\"\'")))
4068 t = xescape(u, "/ ");
4074 r = asprintf(&dn, "/dev/disk/by-label/%s", t);
4083 if (startswith(p, "UUID=")) {
4085 if (!(u = unquote(p+5, "\"\'")))
4088 t = xescape(u, "/ ");
4094 r = asprintf(&dn, "/dev/disk/by-uuid/%s", t);
4106 void filter_environ(const char *prefix) {
4113 for (i = 0, j = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
4115 if (startswith(environ[i], prefix))
4118 environ[j++] = environ[i];
4124 bool tty_is_vc(const char *tty) {
4127 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
4130 return vtnr_from_tty(tty) >= 0;
4133 int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty) {
4138 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
4141 if (!startswith(tty, "tty") )
4144 if (tty[3] < '0' || tty[3] > '9')
4147 r = safe_atoi(tty+3, &i);
4151 if (i < 0 || i > 63)
4157 const char *default_term_for_tty(const char *tty) {
4158 char *active = NULL;
4163 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
4166 /* Resolve where /dev/console is pointing when determining
4168 if (streq(tty, "console"))
4169 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", &active) >= 0) {
4170 /* If multiple log outputs are configured the
4171 * last one is what /dev/console points to */
4172 if ((tty = strrchr(active, ' ')))
4178 term = tty_is_vc(tty) ? "TERM=linux" : "TERM=vt100";
4184 /* Returns a short identifier for the various VM implementations */
4185 int detect_vm(const char **id) {
4187 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
4189 /* Both CPUID and DMI are x86 specific interfaces... */
4191 static const char *const dmi_vendors[] = {
4192 "/sys/class/dmi/id/sys_vendor",
4193 "/sys/class/dmi/id/board_vendor",
4194 "/sys/class/dmi/id/bios_vendor"
4197 static const char dmi_vendor_table[] =
4199 /* http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1009458 */
4200 "VMware\0" "vmware\0"
4202 "Microsoft Corporation\0" "microsoft\0"
4203 "innotek GmbH\0" "oracle\0"
4205 "Bochs\0" "bochs\0";
4207 static const char cpuid_vendor_table[] =
4208 "XenVMMXenVMM\0" "xen\0"
4209 "KVMKVMKVM\0" "kvm\0"
4210 /* http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1009458 */
4211 "VMwareVMware\0" "vmware\0"
4212 /* http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff542428.aspx */
4213 "Microsoft Hv\0" "microsoft\0";
4224 /* http://lwn.net/Articles/301888/ */
4227 #if defined (__i386__)
4230 #elif defined (__amd64__)
4235 /* First detect whether there is a hypervisor */
4237 __asm__ __volatile__ (
4238 /* ebx/rbx is being used for PIC! */
4239 " push %%"REG_b" \n\t"
4241 " pop %%"REG_b" \n\t"
4243 : "=a" (eax), "=c" (ecx)
4247 hypervisor = !!(ecx & 0x80000000U);
4251 /* There is a hypervisor, see what it is */
4253 __asm__ __volatile__ (
4254 /* ebx/rbx is being used for PIC! */
4255 " push %%"REG_b" \n\t"
4257 " mov %%ebx, %1 \n\t"
4258 " pop %%"REG_b" \n\t"
4260 : "=a" (eax), "=r" (sig.sig32[0]), "=c" (sig.sig32[1]), "=d" (sig.sig32[2])
4264 NULSTR_FOREACH_PAIR(j, k, cpuid_vendor_table)
4265 if (streq(sig.text, j)) {
4274 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(dmi_vendors); i++) {
4277 const char *found = NULL;
4279 if ((r = read_one_line_file(dmi_vendors[i], &s)) < 0) {
4286 NULSTR_FOREACH_PAIR(j, k, dmi_vendor_table)
4287 if (startswith(s, j))
4310 int detect_container(const char **id) {
4313 /* Unfortunately many of these operations require root access
4314 * in one way or another */
4319 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
4327 /* /proc/vz exists in container and outside of the container,
4328 * /proc/bc only outside of the container. */
4329 if (access("/proc/vz", F_OK) >= 0 &&
4330 access("/proc/bc", F_OK) < 0) {
4338 if ((f = fopen("/proc/self/cgroup", "re"))) {
4341 char line[LINE_MAX], *p;
4343 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
4346 if (!(p = strchr(strstrip(line), ':')))
4349 if (strncmp(p, ":ns:", 4))
4352 if (!streq(p, ":ns:/")) {
4368 /* Returns a short identifier for the various VM/container implementations */
4369 int detect_virtualization(const char **id) {
4370 static __thread const char *cached_id = NULL;
4376 if (cached_id == (const char*) -1)
4385 if ((r = detect_container(&_id)) != 0)
4388 r = detect_vm(&_id);
4397 cached_id = (const char*) -1;
4402 bool dirent_is_file(struct dirent *de) {
4405 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
4408 if (de->d_type != DT_REG &&
4409 de->d_type != DT_LNK &&
4410 de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
4416 void execute_directory(const char *directory, DIR *d, char *argv[]) {
4419 Hashmap *pids = NULL;
4423 /* Executes all binaries in a directory in parallel and waits
4424 * until all they all finished. */
4427 if (!(_d = opendir(directory))) {
4429 if (errno == ENOENT)
4432 log_error("Failed to enumerate directory %s: %m", directory);
4439 if (!(pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func))) {
4440 log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
4444 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
4449 if (!dirent_is_file(de))
4452 if (asprintf(&path, "%s/%s", directory, de->d_name) < 0) {
4453 log_error("Out of memory");
4457 if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
4458 log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
4477 log_error("Failed to execute %s: %m", path);
4478 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4481 log_debug("Spawned %s as %lu", path, (unsigned long) pid);
4483 if ((k = hashmap_put(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid), path)) < 0) {
4484 log_error("Failed to add PID to set: %s", strerror(-k));
4489 while (!hashmap_isempty(pids)) {
4494 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
4499 log_error("waitid() failed: %m");
4503 if ((path = hashmap_remove(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(si.si_pid)))) {
4504 if (!is_clean_exit(si.si_code, si.si_status)) {
4505 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED)
4506 log_error("%s exited with exit status %i.", path, si.si_status);
4508 log_error("%s terminated by signal %s.", path, signal_to_string(si.si_status));
4510 log_debug("%s exited successfully.", path);
4521 hashmap_free_free(pids);
4524 int kill_and_sigcont(pid_t pid, int sig) {
4527 r = kill(pid, sig) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
4535 bool nulstr_contains(const char*nulstr, const char *needle) {
4541 NULSTR_FOREACH(i, nulstr)
4542 if (streq(i, needle))
4548 bool plymouth_running(void) {
4549 return access("/run/plymouth/pid", F_OK) >= 0;
4552 void parse_syslog_priority(char **p, int *priority) {
4553 int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0;
4563 if (!strchr(*p, '>'))
4566 if ((*p)[2] == '>') {
4567 c = undecchar((*p)[1]);
4569 } else if ((*p)[3] == '>') {
4570 b = undecchar((*p)[1]);
4571 c = undecchar((*p)[2]);
4573 } else if ((*p)[4] == '>') {
4574 a = undecchar((*p)[1]);
4575 b = undecchar((*p)[2]);
4576 c = undecchar((*p)[3]);
4581 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0)
4584 *priority = a*100+b*10+c;
4588 int have_effective_cap(int value) {
4590 cap_flag_value_t fv;
4593 if (!(cap = cap_get_proc()))
4596 if (cap_get_flag(cap, value, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &fv) < 0)
4605 char* strshorten(char *s, size_t l) {
4614 static bool hostname_valid_char(char c) {
4616 (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ||
4617 (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
4618 (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
4624 bool hostname_is_valid(const char *s) {
4630 for (p = s; *p; p++)
4631 if (!hostname_valid_char(*p))
4634 if (p-s > HOST_NAME_MAX)
4640 char* hostname_cleanup(char *s) {
4643 for (p = s, d = s; *p; p++)
4644 if ((*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
4645 (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
4646 (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
4654 strshorten(s, HOST_NAME_MAX);
4658 int pipe_eof(int fd) {
4659 struct pollfd pollfd;
4664 pollfd.events = POLLIN|POLLHUP;
4666 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
4673 return pollfd.revents & POLLHUP;
4676 int fopen_temporary(const char *path, FILE **_f, char **_temp_path) {
4687 t = new(char, strlen(path) + 1 + 6 + 1);
4691 fn = file_name_from_path(path);
4695 stpcpy(stpcpy(t+k+1, fn), "XXXXXX");
4697 fd = mkostemp(t, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
4703 f = fdopen(fd, "we");
4716 int terminal_vhangup_fd(int fd) {
4719 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCVHANGUP) < 0)
4725 int terminal_vhangup(const char *name) {
4728 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4732 r = terminal_vhangup_fd(fd);
4733 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4738 int vt_disallocate(const char *name) {
4742 /* Deallocate the VT if possible. If not possible
4743 * (i.e. because it is the active one), at least clear it
4744 * entirely (including the scrollback buffer) */
4746 if (!startswith(name, "/dev/"))
4749 if (!tty_is_vc(name)) {
4750 /* So this is not a VT. I guess we cannot deallocate
4751 * it then. But let's at least clear the screen */
4753 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4758 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
4759 "\033[H" /* move home */
4760 "\033[2J", /* clear screen */
4762 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4767 if (!startswith(name, "/dev/tty"))
4770 r = safe_atou(name+8, &u);
4777 /* Try to deallocate */
4778 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4782 r = ioctl(fd, VT_DISALLOCATE, u);
4783 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4791 /* Couldn't deallocate, so let's clear it fully with
4793 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4798 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
4799 "\033[H" /* move home */
4800 "\033[3J", /* clear screen including scrollback, requires Linux 2.6.40 */
4802 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4808 static int file_is_conf(const struct dirent *d, const char *suffix) {
4811 if (ignore_file(d->d_name))
4814 if (d->d_type != DT_REG &&
4815 d->d_type != DT_LNK &&
4816 d->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
4819 return endswith(d->d_name, suffix);
4822 static int files_add(Hashmap *h, const char *path, const char *suffix) {
4824 struct dirent buffer, *de;
4827 dir = opendir(path);
4829 if (errno == ENOENT)
4838 k = readdir_r(dir, &buffer, &de);
4847 if (!file_is_conf(de, suffix))
4850 if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", path, de->d_name) < 0) {
4855 f = canonicalize_file_name(p);
4857 log_error("Failed to canonicalize file name '%s': %m", p);
4863 log_debug("found: %s\n", f);
4864 if (hashmap_put(h, file_name_from_path(f), f) <= 0)
4873 static int base_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
4874 const char *s1, *s2;
4876 s1 = *(char * const *)a;
4877 s2 = *(char * const *)b;
4878 return strcmp(file_name_from_path(s1), file_name_from_path(s2));
4881 int conf_files_list(char ***strv, const char *suffix, const char *dir, ...) {
4884 char **files = NULL;
4890 dirs = strv_new_ap(dir, ap);
4896 if (!strv_path_canonicalize(dirs)) {
4900 if (!strv_uniq(dirs)) {
4905 fh = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4911 STRV_FOREACH(p, dirs) {
4912 if (files_add(fh, *p, suffix) < 0) {
4913 log_error("Failed to search for files.");
4919 files = hashmap_get_strv(fh);
4920 if (files == NULL) {
4921 log_error("Failed to compose list of files.");
4926 qsort(files, hashmap_size(fh), sizeof(char *), base_cmp);
4935 int hwclock_is_localtime(void) {
4940 * The third line of adjtime is "UTC" or "LOCAL" or nothing.
4946 f = fopen("/etc/adjtime", "re");
4948 char line[LINE_MAX];
4951 b = fgets(line, sizeof(line), f) &&
4952 fgets(line, sizeof(line), f) &&
4953 fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
4962 local = streq(line, "LOCAL");
4964 } else if (errno != -ENOENT)
4970 int hwclock_apply_localtime_delta(int *min) {
4971 const struct timeval *tv_null = NULL;
4977 assert_se(clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts) == 0);
4978 assert_se(tm = localtime(&ts.tv_sec));
4979 minuteswest = tm->tm_gmtoff / 60;
4981 tz.tz_minuteswest = -minuteswest;
4982 tz.tz_dsttime = 0; /* DST_NONE*/
4985 * If the hardware clock does not run in UTC, but in local time:
4986 * The very first time we set the kernel's timezone, it will warp
4987 * the clock so that it runs in UTC instead of local time.
4989 if (settimeofday(tv_null, &tz) < 0)
4996 int hwclock_reset_localtime_delta(void) {
4997 const struct timeval *tv_null = NULL;
5000 tz.tz_minuteswest = 0;
5001 tz.tz_dsttime = 0; /* DST_NONE*/
5003 if (settimeofday(tv_null, &tz) < 0)
5009 int hwclock_get_time(struct tm *tm) {
5015 fd = open("/dev/rtc0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
5019 /* This leaves the timezone fields of struct tm
5021 if (ioctl(fd, RTC_RD_TIME, tm) < 0)
5024 /* We don't now daylight saving, so we reset this in order not
5025 * to confused mktime(). */
5028 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5033 int hwclock_set_time(const struct tm *tm) {
5039 fd = open("/dev/rtc0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
5043 if (ioctl(fd, RTC_SET_TIME, tm) < 0)
5046 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5051 int copy_file(const char *from, const char *to) {
5057 fdf = open(from, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
5061 fdt = open(to, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644);
5063 close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
5071 n = read(fdf, buf, sizeof(buf));
5075 close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
5086 k = loop_write(fdt, buf, n, false);
5088 r = k < 0 ? k : (errno ? -errno : -EIO);
5090 close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
5098 close_nointr_nofail(fdf);
5099 r = close_nointr(fdt);
5109 int symlink_or_copy(const char *from, const char *to) {
5110 char *pf = NULL, *pt = NULL;
5117 if (parent_of_path(from, &pf) < 0 ||
5118 parent_of_path(to, &pt) < 0) {
5123 if (stat(pf, &a) < 0 ||
5129 if (a.st_dev != b.st_dev) {
5133 return copy_file(from, to);
5136 if (symlink(from, to) < 0) {
5150 int symlink_or_copy_atomic(const char *from, const char *to) {
5154 unsigned long long ull;
5161 t = new(char, strlen(to) + 1 + 16 + 1);
5165 fn = file_name_from_path(to);
5169 x = stpcpy(t+k+1, fn);
5172 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
5173 *(x++) = hexchar(ull & 0xF);
5179 r = symlink_or_copy(from, t);
5186 if (rename(t, to) < 0) {
5197 int audit_session_from_pid(pid_t pid, uint32_t *id) {
5205 if (have_effective_cap(CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) <= 0)
5208 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/sessionid", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
5211 r = read_one_line_file(p, &s);
5216 r = safe_atou32(s, &u);
5222 if (u == (uint32_t) -1 || u <= 0)
5229 bool display_is_local(const char *display) {
5233 display[0] == ':' &&
5234 display[1] >= '0' &&
5238 int socket_from_display(const char *display, char **path) {
5245 if (!display_is_local(display))
5248 k = strspn(display+1, "0123456789");
5250 f = new(char, sizeof("/tmp/.X11-unix/X") + k);
5254 c = stpcpy(f, "/tmp/.X11-unix/X");
5255 memcpy(c, display+1, k);
5263 int get_user_creds(const char **username, uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid, const char **home) {
5273 /* We enforce some special rules for uid=0: in order to avoid
5274 * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
5276 if (streq(*username, "root") || streq(*username, "0")) {
5284 if (safe_atolu(*username, &lu) >= 0) {
5286 p = getpwuid((uid_t) lu);
5288 /* If there are multiple users with the same id, make
5289 * sure to leave $USER to the configured value instead
5290 * of the first occurrence in the database. However if
5291 * the uid was configured by a numeric uid, then let's
5292 * pick the real username from /etc/passwd. */
5294 *username = p->pw_name;
5297 p = getpwnam(*username);
5301 return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
5309 int glob_exists(const char *path) {
5317 k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g);
5319 if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH)
5321 else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE)
5324 r = !strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv);
5326 r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5333 int dirent_ensure_type(DIR *d, struct dirent *de) {
5339 if (de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
5342 if (fstatat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0)
5346 S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ? DT_REG :
5347 S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ? DT_DIR :
5348 S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ? DT_LNK :
5349 S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) ? DT_FIFO :
5350 S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode) ? DT_SOCK :
5351 S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? DT_CHR :
5352 S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? DT_BLK :
5358 int in_search_path(const char *path, char **search) {
5362 r = parent_of_path(path, &parent);
5368 STRV_FOREACH(i, search) {
5369 if (path_equal(parent, *i)) {
5380 int get_files_in_directory(const char *path, char ***list) {
5391 struct dirent buffer, *de;
5394 k = readdir_r(d, &buffer, &de);
5403 dirent_ensure_type(d, de);
5405 if (!dirent_is_file(de))
5408 if ((unsigned) r >= n) {
5412 t = realloc(l, sizeof(char*) * n);
5421 assert((unsigned) r < n);
5423 l[r] = strdup(de->d_name);
5444 static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = {
5445 [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none",
5446 [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime",
5447 [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort",
5448 [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle"
5451 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ioprio_class, int);
5453 static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
5454 [CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
5455 [CLD_KILLED] = "killed",
5456 [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped",
5457 [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped",
5458 [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped",
5459 [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued",
5462 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int);
5464 static const char *const log_facility_unshifted_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = {
5465 [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern",
5466 [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user",
5467 [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail",
5468 [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon",
5469 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth",
5470 [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog",
5471 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr",
5472 [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news",
5473 [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp",
5474 [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron",
5475 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv",
5476 [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp",
5477 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0",
5478 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1",
5479 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2",
5480 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3",
5481 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4",
5482 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5",
5483 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6",
5484 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7"
5487 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_facility_unshifted, int);
5489 static const char *const log_level_table[] = {
5490 [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg",
5491 [LOG_ALERT] = "alert",
5492 [LOG_CRIT] = "crit",
5494 [LOG_WARNING] = "warning",
5495 [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice",
5496 [LOG_INFO] = "info",
5497 [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug"
5500 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_level, int);
5502 static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = {
5503 [SCHED_OTHER] = "other",
5504 [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch",
5505 [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle",
5506 [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo",
5510 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sched_policy, int);
5512 static const char* const rlimit_table[] = {
5513 [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU",
5514 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE",
5515 [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA",
5516 [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK",
5517 [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE",
5518 [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS",
5519 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE",
5520 [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS",
5521 [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC",
5522 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK",
5523 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS",
5524 [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING",
5525 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE",
5526 [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE",
5527 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO",
5528 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME"
5531 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);
5533 static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = {
5534 [IPTOS_LOWDELAY] = "low-delay",
5535 [IPTOS_THROUGHPUT] = "throughput",
5536 [IPTOS_RELIABILITY] = "reliability",
5537 [IPTOS_LOWCOST] = "low-cost",
5540 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ip_tos, int);
5542 static const char *const signal_table[] = {
5559 [SIGSTKFLT] = "STKFLT", /* Linux on SPARC doesn't know SIGSTKFLT */
5570 [SIGVTALRM] = "VTALRM",
5572 [SIGWINCH] = "WINCH",
5578 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(signal, int);