src/systemctl/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include <systemd/sd-daemon.h>
  39 #include <systemd/sd-shutdown.h>
  40
  41 #include "log.h"
  42 #include "util.h"
  43 #include "macro.h"
  44 #include "set.h"
  45 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  46 #include "special.h"
  47 #include "initreq.h"
  48 #include "path-util.h"
  49 #include "strv.h"
  50 #include "dbus-common.h"
  51 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  52 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  53 #include "list.h"
  54 #include "path-lookup.h"
  55 #include "conf-parser.h"
  56 #include "exit-status.h"
  57 #include "bus-errors.h"
  58 #include "build.h"
  59 #include "unit-name.h"
  60 #include "pager.h"
  61 #include "spawn-ask-password-agent.h"
  62 #include "spawn-polkit-agent.h"
  63 #include "install.h"
  64 #include "logs-show.h"
  65 #include "path-util.h"
  66
  67 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  68 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  69 static bool arg_all = false;
  70 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  71 static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
  72 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  73 static bool arg_no_legend = false;
  74 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  75 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  76 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  77 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  78 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  79 static bool arg_dry = false;
  80 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  81 static bool arg_full = false;
  82 static int arg_force = 0;
  83 static bool arg_ask_password = true;
  84 static bool arg_failed = false;
  85 static bool arg_runtime = false;
  86 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  87 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  88 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  89 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  90 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  91 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  92 static enum action {
  93         ACTION_INVALID,
  94         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  95         ACTION_HALT,
  96         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  97         ACTION_REBOOT,
  98         ACTION_KEXEC,
  99         ACTION_EXIT,
 100         ACTION_SUSPEND,
 101         ACTION_HIBERNATE,
 102         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
 103         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
 104         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
 105         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
 106         ACTION_RESCUE,
 107         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 108         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 109         ACTION_RELOAD,
 110         ACTION_REEXEC,
 111         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 112         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 113         _ACTION_MAX
 114 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 115 static enum dot {
 116         DOT_ALL,
 117         DOT_ORDER,
 118         DOT_REQUIRE
 119 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 120 static enum transport {
 121         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 122         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 123         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 124 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 125 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 126 static bool arg_follow = false;
 127 static unsigned arg_lines = 10;
 128 static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
 129
 130 static bool private_bus = false;
 131
 132 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
 133 static void halt_now(enum action a);
 134
 135 static bool on_tty(void) {
 136         static int t = -1;
 137
 138         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 139          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 140          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 141          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 142          * when run in our own pager. */
 143
 144         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 145                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 146
 147         return t;
 148 }
 149
 150 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 151
 152         /* Cache result before we open the pager */
 153         on_tty();
 154
 155         if (arg_no_pager)
 156                 return;
 157
 158         pager_open();
 159 }
 160
 161 static void ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 162
 163         /* Open the password agent as a child process if necessary */
 164
 165         if (!arg_ask_password)
 166                 return;
 167
 168         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 169                 return;
 170
 171         ask_password_agent_open();
 172 }
 173
 174 static void polkit_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 175
 176         /* Open the polkit agent as a child process if necessary */
 177
 178         if (!arg_ask_password)
 179                 return;
 180
 181         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 182                 return;
 183
 184         polkit_agent_open();
 185 }
 186
 187 static const char *ansi_highlight_red(bool b) {
 188
 189         if (!on_tty())
 190                 return "";
 191
 192         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 193 }
 194
 195 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 196
 197         if (!on_tty())
 198                 return "";
 199
 200         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 201 }
 202
 203 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 204         assert(error);
 205
 206         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 207                 return false;
 208
 209         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 210                 return true;
 211
 212         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 213                 return true;
 214
 215         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 216 }
 217
 218 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 219         assert(error);
 220
 221         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 222                 return r;
 223
 224         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 225             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 226             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 227             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 228                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 229
 230         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 231                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 232
 233         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 234             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 235                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 236
 237         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 238                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 239
 240         if (r != 0)
 241                 return r;
 242
 243         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 244 }
 245
 246 static void warn_wall(enum action a) {
 247         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 248                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 249                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 250                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 251                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 252                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 253                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 254         };
 255
 256         if (arg_no_wall)
 257                 return;
 258
 259         if (arg_wall) {
 260                 char *p;
 261
 262                 p = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
 263                 if (!p) {
 264                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 265                         return;
 266                 }
 267
 268                 if (*p) {
 269                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 270                         free(p);
 271                         return;
 272                 }
 273
 274                 free(p);
 275         }
 276
 277         if (!table[a])
 278                 return;
 279
 280         utmp_wall(table[a], NULL);
 281 }
 282
 283 static bool avoid_bus(void) {
 284
 285         if (running_in_chroot() > 0)
 286                 return true;
 287
 288         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
 289                 return true;
 290
 291         if (!isempty(arg_root))
 292                 return true;
 293
 294         if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL)
 295                 return true;
 296
 297         return false;
 298 }
 299
 300 struct unit_info {
 301         const char *id;
 302         const char *description;
 303         const char *load_state;
 304         const char *active_state;
 305         const char *sub_state;
 306         const char *following;
 307         const char *unit_path;
 308         uint32_t job_id;
 309         const char *job_type;
 310         const char *job_path;
 311 };
 312
 313 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 314         const char *d1, *d2;
 315         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 316
 317         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 318         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 319
 320         if (d1 && d2) {
 321                 int r;
 322
 323                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 324                         return r;
 325         }
 326
 327         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 328 }
 329
 330 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 331         const char *dot;
 332
 333         if (arg_failed)
 334                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 335
 336         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 337                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 338                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 339 }
 340
 341 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 342         unsigned id_len, max_id_len, active_len, sub_len, job_len, desc_len, n_shown = 0;
 343         const struct unit_info *u;
 344
 345         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT")-1;
 346         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 347         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 348         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 349         desc_len = 0;
 350
 351         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 352                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 353                         continue;
 354
 355                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(u->id));
 356                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 357                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 358                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 359                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 360         }
 361
 362         if (!arg_full) {
 363                 unsigned basic_len;
 364                 id_len = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 365                 basic_len = 5 + id_len + 6 + active_len + sub_len + job_len;
 366                 if (basic_len < (unsigned) columns()) {
 367                         unsigned extra_len, incr;
 368                         extra_len = columns() - basic_len;
 369                         /* Either UNIT already got 25, or is fully satisfied.
 370                          * Grant up to 25 to DESC now. */
 371                         incr = MIN(extra_len, 25);
 372                         desc_len += incr;
 373                         extra_len -= incr;
 374                         /* split the remaining space between UNIT and DESC,
 375                          * but do not give UNIT more than it needs. */
 376                         if (extra_len > 0) {
 377                                 incr = MIN(extra_len / 2, max_id_len - id_len);
 378                                 id_len += incr;
 379                                 desc_len += extra_len - incr;
 380                         }
 381                 }
 382         } else
 383                 id_len = max_id_len;
 384
 385         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 386                 printf("%-*s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s ", id_len, "UNIT", "LOAD",
 387                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 388                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 389                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, "DESCRIPTION");
 390                 else
 391                         printf("%s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 392         }
 393
 394         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 395                 char *e;
 396                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 397                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 398
 399                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 400                         continue;
 401
 402                 n_shown++;
 403
 404                 if (streq(u->load_state, "error")) {
 405                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 406                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 407                 } else
 408                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 409
 410                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 411                         on_active = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 412                         off_active = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 413                 } else
 414                         on_active = off_active = "";
 415
 416                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, id_len, 33);
 417
 418                 printf("%-*s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s %-*s ",
 419                        id_len, e ? e : u->id,
 420                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 421                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 422                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 423                        job_len, u->job_id ? u->job_type : "");
 424                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 425                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, u->description);
 426                 else
 427                         printf("%s\n", u->description);
 428
 429                 free(e);
 430         }
 431
 432         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 433                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 434                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 435                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 436                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 437
 438                 if (arg_all)
 439                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 440                 else
 441                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 442         }
 443 }
 444
 445 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 446         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 447         DBusError error;
 448         int r;
 449         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 450         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 451         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 452
 453         dbus_error_init(&error);
 454
 455         assert(bus);
 456
 457         pager_open_if_enabled();
 458
 459         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 460                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 461                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 462                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 463                               "ListUnits"))) {
 464                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 465                 return -ENOMEM;
 466         }
 467
 468         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 469                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 470                 r = -EIO;
 471                 goto finish;
 472         }
 473
 474         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 475             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 476             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 477                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 478                 r = -EIO;
 479                 goto finish;
 480         }
 481
 482         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 483
 484         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 485                 struct unit_info *u;
 486
 487                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 488                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 489                         r = -EIO;
 490                         goto finish;
 491                 }
 492
 493                 if (c >= n_units) {
 494                         struct unit_info *w;
 495
 496                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 497                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 498
 499                         if (!w) {
 500                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 501                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 502                                 goto finish;
 503                         }
 504
 505                         unit_infos = w;
 506                 }
 507
 508                 u = unit_infos+c;
 509
 510                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 511
 512                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 513                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 514                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 515                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 516                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 517                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 518                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 519                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 520                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 521                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 522                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 523                         r = -EIO;
 524                         goto finish;
 525                 }
 526
 527                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 528                 c++;
 529         }
 530
 531         if (c > 0) {
 532                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 533                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 534         }
 535
 536         r = 0;
 537
 538 finish:
 539         if (m)
 540                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 541
 542         if (reply)
 543                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 544
 545         free(unit_infos);
 546
 547         dbus_error_free(&error);
 548
 549         return r;
 550 }
 551
 552 static int compare_unit_file_list(const void *a, const void *b) {
 553         const char *d1, *d2;
 554         const UnitFileList *u = a, *v = b;
 555
 556         d1 = strrchr(u->path, '.');
 557         d2 = strrchr(v->path, '.');
 558
 559         if (d1 && d2) {
 560                 int r;
 561
 562                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 563                 if (r != 0)
 564                         return r;
 565         }
 566
 567         return strcasecmp(path_get_file_name(u->path), path_get_file_name(v->path));
 568 }
 569
 570 static bool output_show_unit_file(const UnitFileList *u) {
 571         const char *dot;
 572
 573         return !arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->path, '.')) && streq(dot+1, arg_type));
 574 }
 575
 576 static void output_unit_file_list(const UnitFileList *units, unsigned c) {
 577         unsigned max_id_len, id_cols, state_cols, n_shown = 0;
 578         const UnitFileList *u;
 579
 580         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT FILE")-1;
 581         state_cols = sizeof("STATE")-1;
 582         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 583                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 584                         continue;
 585
 586                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(path_get_file_name(u->path)));
 587                 state_cols = MAX(state_cols, strlen(unit_file_state_to_string(u->state)));
 588         }
 589
 590         if (!arg_full) {
 591                 unsigned basic_cols;
 592                 id_cols = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 593                 basic_cols = 1 + id_cols + state_cols;
 594                 if (basic_cols < (unsigned) columns())
 595                         id_cols += MIN(columns() - basic_cols, max_id_len - id_cols);
 596         } else
 597                 id_cols = max_id_len;
 598
 599         if (!arg_no_legend)
 600                 printf("%-*s %-*s\n", id_cols, "UNIT FILE", state_cols, "STATE");
 601
 602         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 603                 char *e;
 604                 const char *on, *off;
 605                 const char *id;
 606
 607                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 608                         continue;
 609
 610                 n_shown++;
 611
 612                 if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED ||
 613                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED_RUNTIME ||
 614                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_DISABLED) {
 615                         on  = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 616                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 617                 } else if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED) {
 618                         on  = ansi_highlight_green(true);
 619                         off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
 620                 } else
 621                         on = off = "";
 622
 623                 id = path_get_file_name(u->path);
 624
 625                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, id_cols, 33);
 626
 627                 printf("%-*s %s%-*s%s\n",
 628                        id_cols, e ? e : id,
 629                        on, state_cols, unit_file_state_to_string(u->state), off);
 630
 631                 free(e);
 632         }
 633
 634         if (!arg_no_legend)
 635                 printf("\n%u unit files listed.\n", n_shown);
 636 }
 637
 638 static int list_unit_files(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 639         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 640         DBusError error;
 641         int r;
 642         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 643         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 644         UnitFileList *units = NULL;
 645
 646         dbus_error_init(&error);
 647
 648         pager_open_if_enabled();
 649
 650         if (avoid_bus()) {
 651                 Hashmap *h;
 652                 UnitFileList *u;
 653                 Iterator i;
 654
 655                 h = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
 656                 if (!h) {
 657                         log_error("Out of memory");
 658                         return -ENOMEM;
 659                 }
 660
 661                 r = unit_file_get_list(arg_scope, arg_root, h);
 662                 if (r < 0) {
 663                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 664                         log_error("Failed to get unit file list: %s", strerror(-r));
 665                         return r;
 666                 }
 667
 668                 n_units = hashmap_size(h);
 669                 units = new(UnitFileList, n_units);
 670                 if (!units) {
 671                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 672                         log_error("Out of memory");
 673                         return -ENOMEM;
 674                 }
 675
 676                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, h, i) {
 677                         memcpy(units + c++, u, sizeof(UnitFileList));
 678                         free(u);
 679                 }
 680
 681                 hashmap_free(h);
 682         } else {
 683                 assert(bus);
 684
 685                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 686                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 687                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 688                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 689                                 "ListUnitFiles");
 690                 if (!m) {
 691                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 692                         return -ENOMEM;
 693                 }
 694
 695                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
 696                 if (!reply) {
 697                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 698                         r = -EIO;
 699                         goto finish;
 700                 }
 701
 702                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 703                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 704                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 705                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 706                         r = -EIO;
 707                         goto finish;
 708                 }
 709
 710                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 711
 712                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 713                         UnitFileList *u;
 714                         const char *state;
 715
 716                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 717                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 718                                 r = -EIO;
 719                                 goto finish;
 720                         }
 721
 722                         if (c >= n_units) {
 723                                 UnitFileList *w;
 724
 725                                 n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 726                                 w = realloc(units, sizeof(struct UnitFileList) * n_units);
 727
 728                                 if (!w) {
 729                                         log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 730                                         r = -ENOMEM;
 731                                         goto finish;
 732                                 }
 733
 734                                 units = w;
 735                         }
 736
 737                         u = units+c;
 738
 739                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 740
 741                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->path, true) < 0 ||
 742                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, false) < 0) {
 743                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 744                                 r = -EIO;
 745                                 goto finish;
 746                         }
 747
 748                         u->state = unit_file_state_from_string(state);
 749
 750                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 751                         c++;
 752                 }
 753         }
 754
 755         if (c > 0) {
 756                 qsort(units, c, sizeof(UnitFileList), compare_unit_file_list);
 757                 output_unit_file_list(units, c);
 758         }
 759
 760         r = 0;
 761
 762 finish:
 763         if (m)
 764                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 765
 766         if (reply)
 767                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 768
 769         free(units);
 770
 771         dbus_error_free(&error);
 772
 773         return r;
 774 }
 775
 776 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 777         static const char * const colors[] = {
 778                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 779                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 780                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 781                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 782                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 783                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 784                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 785                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 786         };
 787
 788         const char *c = NULL;
 789         unsigned i;
 790
 791         assert(name);
 792         assert(prop);
 793         assert(iter);
 794
 795         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 796                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 797                         c = colors[i+1];
 798                         break;
 799                 }
 800
 801         if (!c)
 802                 return 0;
 803
 804         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 805                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 806                         return 0;
 807
 808         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 809
 810         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 811
 812                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 813                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 814
 815                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 816
 817                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 818                                 const char *s;
 819
 820                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 821                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 822                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 823
 824                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 825                         }
 826
 827                         return 0;
 828                 }
 829         }
 830
 831         return 0;
 832 }
 833
 834 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 835         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 836         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 837         int r;
 838         DBusError error;
 839         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 840
 841         assert(bus);
 842         assert(path);
 843
 844         dbus_error_init(&error);
 845
 846         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 847                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 848                               path,
 849                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 850                               "GetAll"))) {
 851                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 852                 r = -ENOMEM;
 853                 goto finish;
 854         }
 855
 856         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 857                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 858                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 859                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 860                 r = -ENOMEM;
 861                 goto finish;
 862         }
 863
 864         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 865                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 866                 r = -EIO;
 867                 goto finish;
 868         }
 869
 870         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 871             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 872             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 873                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 874                 r = -EIO;
 875                 goto finish;
 876         }
 877
 878         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 879
 880         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 881                 const char *prop;
 882
 883                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 884                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 885                         r = -EIO;
 886                         goto finish;
 887                 }
 888
 889                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 890
 891                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 892                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 893                         r = -EIO;
 894                         goto finish;
 895                 }
 896
 897                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 898                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 899                         r = -EIO;
 900                         goto finish;
 901                 }
 902
 903                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 904
 905                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 906                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 907                         r = -EIO;
 908                         goto finish;
 909                 }
 910
 911                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 912         }
 913
 914         r = 0;
 915
 916 finish:
 917         if (m)
 918                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 919
 920         if (reply)
 921                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 922
 923         dbus_error_free(&error);
 924
 925         return r;
 926 }
 927
 928 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 929         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 930         DBusError error;
 931         int r;
 932         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 933
 934         dbus_error_init(&error);
 935
 936         assert(bus);
 937
 938         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 939                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 940                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 941                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 942                               "ListUnits"))) {
 943                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 944                 return -ENOMEM;
 945         }
 946
 947         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 948                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 949                 r = -EIO;
 950                 goto finish;
 951         }
 952
 953         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 954             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 955             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 956                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 957                 r = -EIO;
 958                 goto finish;
 959         }
 960
 961         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 962
 963         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 964         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 965                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 966
 967                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 968                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 969                         r = -EIO;
 970                         goto finish;
 971                 }
 972
 973                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 974
 975                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 976                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 977                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 978                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 979                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 980                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 981                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 982                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 983                         r = -EIO;
 984                         goto finish;
 985                 }
 986
 987                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 988                         goto finish;
 989
 990                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 991                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 992         }
 993
 994         printf("}\n");
 995
 996         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 997                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 998                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 999                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
1000                  "                 green     = After\n");
1001
1002         if (on_tty())
1003                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
1004                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
1005
1006         r = 0;
1007
1008 finish:
1009         if (m)
1010                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1011
1012         if (reply)
1013                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1014
1015         dbus_error_free(&error);
1016
1017         return r;
1018 }
1019
1020 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1021         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1022         DBusError error;
1023         int r;
1024         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
1025         unsigned k = 0;
1026
1027         dbus_error_init(&error);
1028
1029         assert(bus);
1030
1031         pager_open_if_enabled();
1032
1033         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1034                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1035                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1036                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1037                               "ListJobs"))) {
1038                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1039                 return -ENOMEM;
1040         }
1041
1042         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1043                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1044                 r = -EIO;
1045                 goto finish;
1046         }
1047
1048         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1049             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1050             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
1051                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1052                 r = -EIO;
1053                 goto finish;
1054         }
1055
1056         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1057
1058         if (on_tty())
1059                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
1060
1061         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1062                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
1063                 uint32_t id;
1064                 char *e;
1065
1066                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1067                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1068                         r = -EIO;
1069                         goto finish;
1070                 }
1071
1072                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1073
1074                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
1075                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
1076                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
1077                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
1078                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
1079                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
1080                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1081                         r = -EIO;
1082                         goto finish;
1083                 }
1084
1085                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
1086                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
1087                 free(e);
1088
1089                 k++;
1090
1091                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1092         }
1093
1094         if (on_tty())
1095                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
1096
1097         r = 0;
1098
1099 finish:
1100         if (m)
1101                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1102
1103         if (reply)
1104                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1105
1106         dbus_error_free(&error);
1107
1108         return r;
1109 }
1110
1111 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1112         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1113         DBusError error;
1114         int r;
1115         char **name;
1116
1117         dbus_error_init(&error);
1118
1119         assert(bus);
1120         assert(args);
1121
1122         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1123                 DBusMessage *reply;
1124
1125                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1126                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1127                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1128                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1129                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
1130                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1131                         r = -ENOMEM;
1132                         goto finish;
1133                 }
1134
1135                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1136                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1137                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1138                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1139                         r = -ENOMEM;
1140                         goto finish;
1141                 }
1142
1143                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1144                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1145                         r = -EIO;
1146                         goto finish;
1147                 }
1148
1149                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1150                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1151
1152                 m = reply = NULL;
1153         }
1154
1155         r = 0;
1156
1157 finish:
1158         if (m)
1159                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1160
1161         dbus_error_free(&error);
1162
1163         return r;
1164 }
1165
1166 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1167         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1168         DBusError error;
1169         int r;
1170         char **name;
1171
1172         dbus_error_init(&error);
1173
1174         assert(bus);
1175         assert(args);
1176
1177         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
1178                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1179
1180         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1181                 unsigned id;
1182                 const char *path;
1183
1184                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1185                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1186                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1187                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1188                                       "GetJob"))) {
1189                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1190                         r = -ENOMEM;
1191                         goto finish;
1192                 }
1193
1194                 if ((r = safe_atou(*name, &id)) < 0) {
1195                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
1196                         goto finish;
1197                 }
1198
1199                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
1200                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1201                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1202                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1203                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1204                         r = -ENOMEM;
1205                         goto finish;
1206                 }
1207
1208                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1209                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1210                         r = -EIO;
1211                         goto finish;
1212                 }
1213
1214                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1215                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1216                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1217                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1218                         r = -EIO;
1219                         goto finish;
1220                 }
1221
1222                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1223                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1224                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1225                                       path,
1226                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1227                                       "Cancel"))) {
1228                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1229                         r = -ENOMEM;
1230                         goto finish;
1231                 }
1232
1233                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1234                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1235                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1236                         r = -EIO;
1237                         goto finish;
1238                 }
1239
1240                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1241                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1242                 m = reply = NULL;
1243         }
1244
1245         r = 0;
1246
1247 finish:
1248         if (m)
1249                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1250
1251         if (reply)
1252                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1253
1254         dbus_error_free(&error);
1255
1256         return r;
1257 }
1258
1259 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1260         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1261         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1262         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1263         const char
1264                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1265                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1266                 *path;
1267
1268         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1269
1270         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1271                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1272                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1273                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1274                               "GetUnit")))
1275                 goto finish;
1276
1277         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1278                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1279                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1280                 goto finish;
1281
1282         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1283                 goto finish;
1284
1285         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1286                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1287                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1288                 goto finish;
1289
1290         dbus_message_unref(m);
1291         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1292                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1293                               path,
1294                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1295                               "Get")))
1296                 goto finish;
1297
1298         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1299                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1300                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1301                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1302                 goto finish;
1303         }
1304
1305         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1306         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1307                 goto finish;
1308
1309         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1310             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1311                 goto finish;
1312
1313         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1314
1315         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1316                 goto finish;
1317
1318         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1319
1320 finish:
1321         if (m)
1322                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1323
1324         if (reply)
1325                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1326
1327         return b;
1328 }
1329
1330 typedef struct WaitData {
1331         Set *set;
1332         char *result;
1333 } WaitData;
1334
1335 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1336         DBusError error;
1337         WaitData *d = data;
1338
1339         assert(connection);
1340         assert(message);
1341         assert(d);
1342
1343         dbus_error_init(&error);
1344
1345         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1346                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1347                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1348                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1349
1350         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1351                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1352                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1353
1354         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1355                 uint32_t id;
1356                 const char *path, *result, *unit;
1357                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1358
1359                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1360                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1361                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1362                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1363                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1364                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1365                         char *p;
1366
1367                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1368                         free(p);
1369
1370                         if (*result)
1371                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1372
1373                         goto finish;
1374                 }
1375 #ifndef LEGACY
1376                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1377                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1378                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1379                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1380                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1381                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1382                         char *p;
1383
1384                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1385                          * 183 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1386                          * one day. */
1387                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1388                         free(p);
1389
1390                         if (*result)
1391                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1392
1393                         goto finish;
1394                 }
1395
1396                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1397                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1398                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1399                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1400                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1401                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1402                         char *p;
1403
1404                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1405                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1406                          * one day */
1407
1408                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1409                         free(p);
1410
1411                         if (!success)
1412                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1413
1414                         goto finish;
1415                 }
1416 #endif
1417
1418                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1419         }
1420
1421 finish:
1422         dbus_error_free(&error);
1423         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1424 }
1425
1426 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1427         DBusError error;
1428
1429         assert(bus);
1430
1431         if (private_bus)
1432                 return 0;
1433
1434         dbus_error_init(&error);
1435         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1436                            "type='signal',"
1437                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1438                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1439                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1440                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1441                            &error);
1442
1443         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1444                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1445                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1446                 return -EIO;
1447         }
1448
1449         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1450         return 0;
1451 }
1452
1453 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1454         int r;
1455         WaitData d;
1456
1457         assert(bus);
1458         assert(s);
1459
1460         zero(d);
1461         d.set = s;
1462
1463         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1464                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1465                 r = -ENOMEM;
1466                 goto finish;
1467         }
1468
1469         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1470                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1471                 ;
1472
1473         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1474                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1475                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1476                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1477                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1478                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1479                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system journal for details.");
1480                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1481                         log_error("Job failed. See system journal and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1482         }
1483
1484         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1485                 r = -ETIME;
1486         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1487                 r = -ECANCELED;
1488         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1489                 r = -EIO;
1490         else
1491                 r = 0;
1492
1493         free(d.result);
1494
1495 finish:
1496         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1497
1498         return r;
1499 }
1500
1501 static int start_unit_one(
1502                 DBusConnection *bus,
1503                 const char *method,
1504                 const char *name,
1505                 const char *mode,
1506                 DBusError *error,
1507                 Set *s) {
1508
1509         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1510         const char *path;
1511         int r;
1512
1513         assert(bus);
1514         assert(method);
1515         assert(name);
1516         assert(mode);
1517         assert(error);
1518         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1519
1520         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1521                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1522                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1523                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1524                               method))) {
1525                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1526                 r = -ENOMEM;
1527                 goto finish;
1528         }
1529
1530         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1531                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1532                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1533                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1534                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1535                 r = -ENOMEM;
1536                 goto finish;
1537         }
1538
1539         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1540
1541                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1542                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1543                          * legacy actions. */
1544                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1545                         goto finish;
1546                 }
1547
1548                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1549                 r = -EIO;
1550                 goto finish;
1551         }
1552
1553         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1554                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1555                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1556                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1557                 r = -EIO;
1558                 goto finish;
1559         }
1560
1561         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1562                 log_warning("Warning: Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1563                             arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
1564
1565         if (!arg_no_block) {
1566                 char *p;
1567
1568                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1569                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1570                         r = -ENOMEM;
1571                         goto finish;
1572                 }
1573
1574                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1575                         free(p);
1576                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1577                         goto finish;
1578                 }
1579         }
1580
1581         r = 0;
1582
1583 finish:
1584         if (m)
1585                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1586
1587         if (reply)
1588                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1589
1590         return r;
1591 }
1592
1593 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1594         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1595                 return ACTION_HALT;
1596         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1597                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1598         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1599                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1600         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1601                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1602         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1603                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1604         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1605                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1606         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1607                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1608         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1609                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1610         else if (streq(verb, "suspend"))
1611                 return ACTION_SUSPEND;
1612         else if (streq(verb, "hibernate"))
1613                 return ACTION_HIBERNATE;
1614         else
1615                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1616 }
1617
1618 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1619
1620         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1621                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1622                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1623                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1624                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1625                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1626                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1627                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1628                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1629                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1630                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1631                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1632                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET,
1633                 [ACTION_SUSPEND] = SPECIAL_SUSPEND_TARGET,
1634                 [ACTION_HIBERNATE] = SPECIAL_HIBERNATE_TARGET
1635         };
1636
1637         int r, ret = 0;
1638         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1639         Set *s = NULL;
1640         DBusError error;
1641         char **name;
1642
1643         dbus_error_init(&error);
1644
1645         assert(bus);
1646
1647         ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled();
1648
1649         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1650                 method =
1651                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1652                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1653                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1654                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1655
1656                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1657                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1658
1659                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1660
1661                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1662                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1663
1664                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1665                                                                   "StartUnit";
1666
1667                 mode =
1668                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1669                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1670                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1671
1672                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1673
1674         } else {
1675                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1676                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1677
1678                 method = "StartUnit";
1679
1680                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1681                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1682                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1683                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1684                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1685                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1686
1687                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1688         }
1689
1690         if (!arg_no_block) {
1691                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1692                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1693                         goto finish;
1694                 }
1695
1696                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1697                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1698                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1699                         goto finish;
1700                 }
1701         }
1702
1703         if (one_name) {
1704                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1705                         goto finish;
1706         } else {
1707                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
1708                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, *name, mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1709                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1710                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1711                         }
1712         }
1713
1714         if (!arg_no_block)
1715                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1716                         ret = r;
1717                         goto finish;
1718                 }
1719
1720 finish:
1721         if (s)
1722                 set_free_free(s);
1723
1724         dbus_error_free(&error);
1725
1726         return ret;
1727 }
1728
1729 /* Ask systemd-logind, which might grant access to unprivileged users
1730  * through PolicyKit */
1731 static int reboot_with_logind(DBusConnection *bus, enum action a) {
1732 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
1733         const char *method;
1734         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1735         DBusError error;
1736         dbus_bool_t interactive = true;
1737         int r;
1738
1739         dbus_error_init(&error);
1740
1741         polkit_agent_open_if_enabled();
1742
1743         switch (a) {
1744
1745         case ACTION_REBOOT:
1746                 method = "Reboot";
1747                 break;
1748
1749         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
1750                 method = "PowerOff";
1751                 break;
1752
1753         case ACTION_SUSPEND:
1754                 method = "Suspend";
1755                 break;
1756
1757         case ACTION_HIBERNATE:
1758                 method = "Hibernate";
1759                 break;
1760
1761         default:
1762                 return -EINVAL;
1763         }
1764
1765         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1766                                 "org.freedesktop.login1",
1767                                 "/org/freedesktop/login1",
1768                                 "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
1769                                 method);
1770         if (!m) {
1771                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1772                 r = -ENOMEM;
1773                 goto finish;
1774         }
1775
1776         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1777                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &interactive,
1778                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1779                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1780                 r = -ENOMEM;
1781                 goto finish;
1782         }
1783
1784         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
1785         if (!reply) {
1786                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
1787                         log_debug("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1788                         r = -ENOENT;
1789                         goto finish;
1790                 }
1791
1792                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
1793                         log_debug("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1794                         r = -EACCES;
1795                         goto finish;
1796                 }
1797
1798                 log_info("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1799                 r = -EIO;
1800                 goto finish;
1801         }
1802
1803         r = 0;
1804
1805 finish:
1806         if (m)
1807                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1808
1809         if (reply)
1810                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1811
1812         dbus_error_free(&error);
1813
1814         return r;
1815 #else
1816         return -ENOSYS;
1817 #endif
1818 }
1819
1820 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1821         enum action a;
1822         int r;
1823
1824         assert(args);
1825
1826         a = verb_to_action(args[0]);
1827
1828         if (arg_force >= 2 && geteuid() != 0) {
1829                 log_error("Must be root.");
1830                 return -EPERM;
1831         }
1832
1833         if (arg_force >= 2 &&
1834             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1835              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1836              a == ACTION_REBOOT))
1837                 halt_now(a);
1838
1839         if (arg_force >= 1 &&
1840             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1841              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1842              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1843              a == ACTION_KEXEC ||
1844              a == ACTION_EXIT))
1845                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1846
1847         /* first try logind, to allow authentication with polkit */
1848         if (geteuid() != 0 &&
1849             (a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1850              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1851              a == ACTION_SUSPEND ||
1852              a == ACTION_HIBERNATE)) {
1853                 r = reboot_with_logind(bus, a);
1854                 if (r >= 0)
1855                         return r;
1856         }
1857
1858         r = start_unit(bus, args);
1859         if (r >= 0)
1860                 warn_wall(a);
1861
1862         return r;
1863 }
1864
1865 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1866         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1867         const char
1868                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1869                 *property = "ActiveState";
1870         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1871         DBusError error;
1872         char **name;
1873
1874         assert(bus);
1875         assert(args);
1876
1877         dbus_error_init(&error);
1878
1879         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1880                 const char *path = NULL;
1881                 const char *state;
1882                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1883
1884                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1885                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1886                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1887                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1888                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1889                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1890                         r = -ENOMEM;
1891                         goto finish;
1892                 }
1893
1894                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1895                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1896                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1897                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1898                         r = -ENOMEM;
1899                         goto finish;
1900                 }
1901
1902                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1903
1904                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1905                         if (!arg_quiet)
1906                                 puts("unknown");
1907
1908                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1909                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1910                         m = NULL;
1911                         continue;
1912                 }
1913
1914                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1915                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1916                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1917                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1918                         r = -EIO;
1919                         goto finish;
1920                 }
1921
1922                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1923                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1924                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1925                                       path,
1926                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1927                                       "Get"))) {
1928                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1929                         r = -ENOMEM;
1930                         goto finish;
1931                 }
1932
1933                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1934                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1935                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1936                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1937                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1938                         r = -ENOMEM;
1939                         goto finish;
1940                 }
1941
1942                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1943                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1944                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1945                         r = -EIO;
1946                         goto finish;
1947                 }
1948
1949                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1950                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1951                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1952                         r = -EIO;
1953                         goto finish;
1954                 }
1955
1956                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1957
1958                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1959                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1960                         r = -EIO;
1961                         goto finish;
1962                 }
1963
1964                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1965
1966                 if (!arg_quiet)
1967                         puts(state);
1968
1969                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1970                         r = 0;
1971
1972                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1973                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1974                 m = reply = NULL;
1975         }
1976
1977 finish:
1978         if (m)
1979                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1980
1981         if (reply)
1982                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1983
1984         dbus_error_free(&error);
1985
1986         return r;
1987 }
1988
1989 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1990         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1991         int r = 0;
1992         DBusError error;
1993         char **name;
1994
1995         assert(bus);
1996         assert(args);
1997
1998         dbus_error_init(&error);
1999
2000         if (!arg_kill_who)
2001                 arg_kill_who = "all";
2002
2003         if (!arg_kill_mode)
2004                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
2005
2006         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
2007                 DBusMessage *reply;
2008
2009                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2010                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2011                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2012                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2013                                       "KillUnit"))) {
2014                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2015                         r = -ENOMEM;
2016                         goto finish;
2017                 }
2018
2019                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2020                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
2021                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
2022                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
2023                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
2024                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2025                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2026                         r = -ENOMEM;
2027                         goto finish;
2028                 }
2029
2030                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2031                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2032                         dbus_error_free(&error);
2033                         r = -EIO;
2034                 }
2035
2036                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2037
2038                 if (reply)
2039                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2040                 m = reply = NULL;
2041         }
2042
2043 finish:
2044         if (m)
2045                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2046
2047         dbus_error_free(&error);
2048
2049         return r;
2050 }
2051
2052 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
2053         char *name;
2054
2055         char *path;
2056         char **argv;
2057
2058         bool ignore;
2059
2060         usec_t start_timestamp;
2061         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2062         pid_t pid;
2063         int code;
2064         int status;
2065
2066         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2067 } ExecStatusInfo;
2068
2069 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2070         assert(i);
2071
2072         free(i->name);
2073         free(i->path);
2074         strv_free(i->argv);
2075         free(i);
2076 }
2077
2078 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2079         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2080         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
2081         const char*path;
2082         unsigned n;
2083         uint32_t pid;
2084         int32_t code, status;
2085         dbus_bool_t ignore;
2086
2087         assert(i);
2088         assert(i);
2089
2090         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
2091                 return -EIO;
2092
2093         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
2094
2095         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
2096                 return -EIO;
2097
2098         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
2099                 return -ENOMEM;
2100
2101         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2102             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
2103                 return -EIO;
2104
2105         n = 0;
2106         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2107         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2108                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2109                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2110                 n++;
2111         }
2112
2113
2114         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
2115                 return -ENOMEM;
2116
2117         n = 0;
2118         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2119         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2120                 const char *s;
2121
2122                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2123                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
2124                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2125
2126                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
2127                         return -ENOMEM;
2128         }
2129
2130         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
2131             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
2132             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2133             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2134             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2135             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2136             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
2137             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
2138             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
2139                 return -EIO;
2140
2141         i->ignore = ignore;
2142         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
2143         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
2144         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
2145         i->code = code;
2146         i->status = status;
2147
2148         return 0;
2149 }
2150
2151 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
2152         const char *id;
2153         const char *load_state;
2154         const char *active_state;
2155         const char *sub_state;
2156         const char *unit_file_state;
2157
2158         const char *description;
2159         const char *following;
2160
2161         const char *path;
2162         const char *default_control_group;
2163
2164         const char *load_error;
2165         const char *result;
2166
2167         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
2168         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2169         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
2170         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
2171         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
2172
2173         bool need_daemon_reload;
2174
2175         /* Service */
2176         pid_t main_pid;
2177         pid_t control_pid;
2178         const char *status_text;
2179         bool running:1;
2180 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2181         bool is_sysv:1;
2182 #endif
2183
2184         usec_t start_timestamp;
2185         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2186
2187         int exit_code, exit_status;
2188
2189         usec_t condition_timestamp;
2190         bool condition_result;
2191
2192         /* Socket */
2193         unsigned n_accepted;
2194         unsigned n_connections;
2195         bool accept;
2196
2197         /* Device */
2198         const char *sysfs_path;
2199
2200         /* Mount, Automount */
2201         const char *where;
2202
2203         /* Swap */
2204         const char *what;
2205
2206         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2207 } UnitStatusInfo;
2208
2209 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2210         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2211         const char *on, *off, *ss;
2212         usec_t timestamp;
2213         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
2214         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
2215
2216         assert(i);
2217
2218         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
2219          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
2220
2221         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
2222
2223         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
2224                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
2225
2226         printf("\n");
2227
2228         if (i->following)
2229                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
2230
2231         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "error")) {
2232                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2233                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2234         } else
2235                 on = off = "";
2236
2237         if (i->load_error)
2238                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (Reason: %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->load_error);
2239         else if (i->path && i->unit_file_state)
2240                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s; %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path, i->unit_file_state);
2241         else if (i->path)
2242                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
2243         else
2244                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
2245
2246         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
2247
2248         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
2249                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2250                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2251         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
2252                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
2253                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
2254         } else
2255                 on = off = "";
2256
2257         if (ss)
2258                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
2259                        on,
2260                        strna(i->active_state),
2261                        ss,
2262                        off);
2263         else
2264                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
2265                        on,
2266                        strna(i->active_state),
2267                        off);
2268
2269         if (!isempty(i->result) && !streq(i->result, "success"))
2270                 printf(" (Result: %s)", i->result);
2271
2272         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
2273                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
2274                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
2275                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
2276                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
2277                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
2278
2279         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
2280         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
2281
2282         if (s1)
2283                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2284         else if (s2)
2285                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
2286         else
2287                 printf("\n");
2288
2289         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
2290                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
2291                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
2292
2293                 if (s1)
2294                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2295                 else if (s2)
2296                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
2297         }
2298
2299         if (i->sysfs_path)
2300                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
2301         if (i->where)
2302                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
2303         if (i->what)
2304                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
2305
2306         if (i->accept)
2307                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
2308
2309         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
2310                 char *t;
2311                 bool good;
2312
2313                 /* Only show exited processes here */
2314                 if (p->code == 0)
2315                         continue;
2316
2317                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
2318                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
2319                 free(t);
2320
2321 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2322                 if (i->is_sysv)
2323                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
2324                 else
2325 #endif
2326                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
2327
2328                 if (!good) {
2329                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2330                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2331                 } else
2332                         on = off = "";
2333
2334                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
2335
2336                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
2337                         const char *c;
2338
2339                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
2340
2341 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2342                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2343 #else
2344                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2345 #endif
2346                                 printf("/%s", c);
2347
2348                 } else
2349                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
2350
2351                 printf(")%s\n", off);
2352
2353                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2354                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2355                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2356                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2357                         i->main_pid = 0;
2358
2359                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2360                         i->control_pid = 0;
2361         }
2362
2363         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2364                 printf("\t");
2365
2366                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2367                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2368
2369                         if (i->running) {
2370                                 char *t = NULL;
2371                                 get_process_comm(i->main_pid, &t);
2372                                 if (t) {
2373                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2374                                         free(t);
2375                                 }
2376                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2377                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2378
2379                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2380                                         const char *c;
2381
2382                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2383
2384 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2385                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2386 #else
2387                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2388 #endif
2389                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2390
2391                                 } else
2392                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2393                                 printf(")");
2394                         }
2395                 }
2396
2397                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2398                         printf(";");
2399
2400                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2401                         char *t = NULL;
2402
2403                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2404
2405                         get_process_comm(i->control_pid, &t);
2406                         if (t) {
2407                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2408                                 free(t);
2409                         }
2410                 }
2411
2412                 printf("\n");
2413         }
2414
2415         if (i->status_text)
2416                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2417
2418         if (i->default_control_group) {
2419                 unsigned c;
2420
2421                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2422
2423                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2424                         unsigned k = 0;
2425                         pid_t extra[2];
2426
2427                         c = columns();
2428                         if (c > 18)
2429                                 c -= 18;
2430                         else
2431                                 c = 0;
2432
2433                         if (i->main_pid > 0)
2434                                 extra[k++] = i->main_pid;
2435
2436                         if (i->control_pid > 0)
2437                                 extra[k++] = i->control_pid;
2438
2439                         show_cgroup_and_extra_by_spec(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c, false, arg_all, extra, k);
2440                 }
2441         }
2442
2443         if (i->id && arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2444                 printf("\n");
2445                 show_journal_by_unit(i->id, arg_output, 0, i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic, arg_lines, arg_all, arg_follow);
2446         }
2447
2448         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2449                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2450                        ansi_highlight_red(true),
2451                        ansi_highlight_red(false),
2452                        arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
2453 }
2454
2455 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2456
2457         assert(name);
2458         assert(iter);
2459         assert(i);
2460
2461         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2462
2463         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2464                 const char *s;
2465
2466                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2467
2468                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2469                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2470                                 i->id = s;
2471                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2472                                 i->load_state = s;
2473                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2474                                 i->active_state = s;
2475                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2476                                 i->sub_state = s;
2477                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2478                                 i->description = s;
2479                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2480                                 i->path = s;
2481 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2482                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2483                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2484                                 i->path = s;
2485                         }
2486 #endif
2487                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2488                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2489                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2490                                 i->status_text = s;
2491                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2492                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2493                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2494                                 i->where = s;
2495                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2496                                 i->what = s;
2497                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2498                                 i->following = s;
2499                         else if (streq(name, "UnitFileState"))
2500                                 i->unit_file_state = s;
2501                         else if (streq(name, "Result"))
2502                                 i->result = s;
2503                 }
2504
2505                 break;
2506         }
2507
2508         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2509                 dbus_bool_t b;
2510
2511                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2512
2513                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2514                         i->accept = b;
2515                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2516                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2517                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2518                         i->condition_result = b;
2519
2520                 break;
2521         }
2522
2523         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2524                 uint32_t u;
2525
2526                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2527
2528                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2529                         if (u > 0) {
2530                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2531                                 i->running = true;
2532                         }
2533                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2534                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2535                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2536                         if (u > 0)
2537                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2538                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2539                         i->n_accepted = u;
2540                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2541                         i->n_connections = u;
2542
2543                 break;
2544         }
2545
2546         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2547                 int32_t j;
2548
2549                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2550
2551                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2552                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2553                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2554                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2555
2556                 break;
2557         }
2558
2559         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2560                 uint64_t u;
2561
2562                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2563
2564                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2565                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2566                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2567                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2568                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2569                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2570                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2571                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2572                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2573                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2574                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic"))
2575                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic = (usec_t) u;
2576                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2577                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2578                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2579                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2580
2581                 break;
2582         }
2583
2584         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2585
2586                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2587                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2588                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2589
2590                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2591                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2592                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2593                                 int r;
2594
2595                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2596                                         return -ENOMEM;
2597
2598                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2599                                         free(info);
2600                                         return -ENOMEM;
2601                                 }
2602
2603                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2604                                         free(info);
2605                                         return r;
2606                                 }
2607
2608                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2609
2610                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2611                         }
2612                 }
2613
2614                 break;
2615         }
2616
2617         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2618
2619                 if (streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2620                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2621                         const char *n, *message;
2622                         int r;
2623
2624                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2625
2626                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n, true);
2627                         if (r < 0)
2628                                 return r;
2629
2630                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &message, false);
2631                         if (r < 0)
2632                                 return r;
2633
2634                         if (!isempty(message))
2635                                 i->load_error = message;
2636                 }
2637
2638                 break;
2639         }
2640         }
2641
2642         return 0;
2643 }
2644
2645 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2646         assert(name);
2647         assert(iter);
2648
2649         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2650          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2651
2652         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2653                 return 0;
2654
2655         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2656
2657         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2658                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2659                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2660
2661                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2662                         uint32_t u;
2663
2664                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2665
2666                         if (u)
2667                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2668                         else if (arg_all)
2669                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2670
2671                         return 0;
2672                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2673                         const char *s;
2674
2675                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2676
2677                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2678                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2679
2680                         return 0;
2681                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2682                         const char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
2683
2684                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &a, true) >= 0)
2685                                 bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &b, false);
2686
2687                         if (arg_all || !isempty(a) || !isempty(b))
2688                                 printf("%s=%s \"%s\"\n", name, strempty(a), strempty(b));
2689
2690                         return 0;
2691                 }
2692
2693                 break;
2694         }
2695
2696         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2697
2698                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2699                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2700
2701                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2702                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2703                                 const char *path;
2704                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2705
2706                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2707
2708                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2709                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2710                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore_errors=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2711
2712                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2713                         }
2714
2715                         return 0;
2716
2717                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2718                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2719
2720                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2721                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2722                                 const char *type, *path;
2723
2724                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2725
2726                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2727                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2728                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2729
2730                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2731                         }
2732
2733                         return 0;
2734
2735                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2736                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2737
2738                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2739                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2740                                 const char *base;
2741                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2742
2743                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2744
2745                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2746                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2747                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2748                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2749
2750                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2751                                                base,
2752                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2753                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2754                                 }
2755
2756                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2757                         }
2758
2759                         return 0;
2760
2761                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "ControlGroupAttributes")) {
2762                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2763
2764                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2765                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2766                                 const char *controller, *attr, *value;
2767
2768                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2769
2770                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &controller, true) >= 0 &&
2771                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &attr, true) >= 0 &&
2772                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &value, false) >= 0) {
2773
2774                                         printf("ControlGroupAttribute={ controller=%s ; attribute=%s ; value=\"%s\" }\n",
2775                                                controller,
2776                                                attr,
2777                                                value);
2778                                 }
2779
2780                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2781                         }
2782
2783                         return 0;
2784
2785                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2786                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2787
2788                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2789                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2790                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2791
2792                                 zero(info);
2793                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2794                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2795                                         char *t;
2796
2797                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2798
2799                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore_errors=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2800                                                name,
2801                                                strna(info.path),
2802                                                strna(t),
2803                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2804                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2805                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2806                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2807                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2808                                                info.status,
2809                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2810                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2811
2812                                         free(t);
2813                                 }
2814
2815                                 free(info.path);
2816                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2817
2818                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2819                         }
2820
2821                         return 0;
2822                 }
2823
2824                 break;
2825         }
2826
2827         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
2828                 return 0;
2829
2830         if (arg_all)
2831                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2832
2833         return 0;
2834 }
2835
2836 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2837         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2838         const char *interface = "";
2839         int r;
2840         DBusError error;
2841         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2842         UnitStatusInfo info;
2843         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2844
2845         assert(bus);
2846         assert(path);
2847         assert(new_line);
2848
2849         zero(info);
2850         dbus_error_init(&error);
2851
2852         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2853                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2854                               path,
2855                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2856                               "GetAll"))) {
2857                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2858                 r = -ENOMEM;
2859                 goto finish;
2860         }
2861
2862         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2863                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2864                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2865                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2866                 r = -ENOMEM;
2867                 goto finish;
2868         }
2869
2870         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2871                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2872                 r = -EIO;
2873                 goto finish;
2874         }
2875
2876         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2877             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2878             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2879                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2880                 r = -EIO;
2881                 goto finish;
2882         }
2883
2884         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2885
2886         if (*new_line)
2887                 printf("\n");
2888
2889         *new_line = true;
2890
2891         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2892                 const char *name;
2893
2894                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2895                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2896                         r = -EIO;
2897                         goto finish;
2898                 }
2899
2900                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2901
2902                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2903                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2904                         r = -EIO;
2905                         goto finish;
2906                 }
2907
2908                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2909                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2910                         r = -EIO;
2911                         goto finish;
2912                 }
2913
2914                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2915
2916                 if (show_properties)
2917                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2918                 else
2919                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2920
2921                 if (r < 0) {
2922                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2923                         r = -EIO;
2924                         goto finish;
2925                 }
2926
2927                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2928         }
2929
2930         r = 0;
2931
2932         if (!show_properties)
2933                 print_status_info(&info);
2934
2935         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2936             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2937             streq(verb, "status"))
2938                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2939                 r = 3;
2940
2941         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2942                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2943                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2944         }
2945
2946 finish:
2947         if (m)
2948                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2949
2950         if (reply)
2951                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2952
2953         dbus_error_free(&error);
2954
2955         return r;
2956 }
2957
2958 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2959         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2960         int r, ret = 0;
2961         DBusError error;
2962         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2963         char **name;
2964
2965         assert(bus);
2966         assert(args);
2967
2968         dbus_error_init(&error);
2969
2970         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2971
2972         if (show_properties)
2973                 pager_open_if_enabled();
2974
2975         if (show_properties && strv_length(args) <= 1) {
2976                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2977                  * itself */
2978
2979                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2980                 goto finish;
2981         }
2982
2983         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
2984                 const char *path = NULL;
2985                 uint32_t id;
2986
2987                 if (safe_atou32(*name, &id) < 0) {
2988
2989                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2990
2991                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2992                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2993                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2994                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2995                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2996                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2997                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2998                                 goto finish;
2999                         }
3000
3001                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3002                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3003                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3004                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3005                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
3006                                 goto finish;
3007                         }
3008
3009                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3010
3011                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
3012                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3013                                         ret = -EIO;
3014                                         goto finish;
3015                                 }
3016
3017                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
3018
3019                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3020                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3021                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3022                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3023                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3024                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3025                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3026                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
3027                                         goto finish;
3028                                 }
3029
3030                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3031                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3032                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3033                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3034                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
3035                                         goto finish;
3036                                 }
3037
3038                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3039                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3040
3041                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
3042                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
3043                                         else
3044                                                 ret = -EIO;
3045                                         goto finish;
3046                                 }
3047                         }
3048
3049                 } else if (show_properties) {
3050
3051                         /* Interpret as job id */
3052
3053                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3054                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3055                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3056                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3057                                               "GetJob"))) {
3058                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3059                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
3060                                 goto finish;
3061                         }
3062
3063                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3064                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
3065                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3066                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3067                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
3068                                 goto finish;
3069                         }
3070
3071                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3072                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3073                                 ret = -EIO;
3074                                 goto finish;
3075                         }
3076                 } else {
3077
3078                         /* Interpret as PID */
3079
3080                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3081                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3082                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3083                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3084                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
3085                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3086                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
3087                                 goto finish;
3088                         }
3089
3090                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3091                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
3092                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3093                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3094                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
3095                                 goto finish;
3096                         }
3097
3098                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3099                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3100                                 ret = -EIO;
3101                                 goto finish;
3102                         }
3103                 }
3104
3105                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3106                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3107                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3108                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3109                         ret = -EIO;
3110                         goto finish;
3111                 }
3112
3113                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
3114                         ret = r;
3115
3116                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3117                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3118                 m = reply = NULL;
3119         }
3120
3121 finish:
3122         if (m)
3123                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3124
3125         if (reply)
3126                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3127
3128         dbus_error_free(&error);
3129
3130         return ret;
3131 }
3132
3133 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3134         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3135         DBusError error;
3136         int r;
3137         const char *text;
3138
3139         dbus_error_init(&error);
3140
3141         pager_open_if_enabled();
3142
3143         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3144                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3145                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3146                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3147                               "Dump"))) {
3148                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3149                 return -ENOMEM;
3150         }
3151
3152         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3153                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3154                 r = -EIO;
3155                 goto finish;
3156         }
3157
3158         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3159                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3160                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3161                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3162                 r = -EIO;
3163                 goto finish;
3164         }
3165
3166         fputs(text, stdout);
3167
3168         r = 0;
3169
3170 finish:
3171         if (m)
3172                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3173
3174         if (reply)
3175                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3176
3177         dbus_error_free(&error);
3178
3179         return r;
3180 }
3181
3182 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3183         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3184         DBusError error;
3185         int r;
3186         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
3187         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3188         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3189         const char
3190                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3191                 *property = "Id";
3192
3193         dbus_error_init(&error);
3194
3195         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3196                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3197                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3198                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3199                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
3200                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3201                 return -ENOMEM;
3202         }
3203
3204         if (strv_length(args) > 1)
3205                 name = args[1];
3206
3207         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3208                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
3209                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3210                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3211                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3212                 r = -ENOMEM;
3213                 goto finish;
3214         }
3215
3216         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3217                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3218                 r = -EIO;
3219                 goto finish;
3220         }
3221
3222         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3223                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3224                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3225                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3226                 r = -EIO;
3227                 goto finish;
3228         }
3229
3230         dbus_message_unref(m);
3231         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3232                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3233                               path,
3234                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3235                               "Get"))) {
3236                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3237                 return -ENOMEM;
3238         }
3239
3240         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3241                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3242                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3243                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3244                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3245                 r = -ENOMEM;
3246                 goto finish;
3247         }
3248
3249         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3250         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3251                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3252                 r = -EIO;
3253                 goto finish;
3254         }
3255
3256         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3257             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3258                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3259                 r = -EIO;
3260                 goto finish;
3261         }
3262
3263         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3264
3265         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3266                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3267                 r = -EIO;
3268                 goto finish;
3269         }
3270
3271         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3272
3273         if (!arg_quiet)
3274                 puts(id);
3275         r = 0;
3276
3277 finish:
3278         if (m)
3279                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3280
3281         if (reply)
3282                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3283
3284         dbus_error_free(&error);
3285
3286         return r;
3287 }
3288
3289 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3290         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3291         int r;
3292         DBusError error;
3293         char **name;
3294
3295         assert(bus);
3296         assert(args);
3297
3298         dbus_error_init(&error);
3299
3300         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3301                 const char *path = NULL;
3302
3303                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3304                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3305                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3306                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3307                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3308                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3309                         r = -ENOMEM;
3310                         goto finish;
3311                 }
3312
3313                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3314                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3315                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3316                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3317                         r = -ENOMEM;
3318                         goto finish;
3319                 }
3320
3321                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3322                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3323                         r = -EIO;
3324                         goto finish;
3325                 }
3326
3327                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3328                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3329                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3330                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3331                         r = -EIO;
3332                         goto finish;
3333                 }
3334
3335                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3336                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3337                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3338                                       path,
3339                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3340                                       "Remove"))) {
3341                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3342                         r = -ENOMEM;
3343                         goto finish;
3344                 }
3345
3346                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3347                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3348                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3349                         r = -EIO;
3350                         goto finish;
3351                 }
3352
3353                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3354                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3355                 m = reply = NULL;
3356         }
3357
3358         r = 0;
3359
3360 finish:
3361         if (m)
3362                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3363
3364         if (reply)
3365                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3366
3367         dbus_error_free(&error);
3368
3369         return r;
3370 }
3371
3372 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3373         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3374         DBusError error;
3375         int r;
3376         const char *method;
3377
3378         dbus_error_init(&error);
3379
3380         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3381                 method = "Reload";
3382         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3383                 method = "Reexecute";
3384         else {
3385                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3386
3387                 method =
3388                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3389                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3390                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3391                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3392                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3393                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3394                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3395                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3396                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3397                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3398         }
3399
3400         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3401                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3402                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3403                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3404                               method))) {
3405                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3406                 return -ENOMEM;
3407         }
3408
3409         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3410
3411                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3412                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3413                          * legacy actions. */
3414                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3415                         goto finish;
3416                 }
3417
3418                 if (streq(method, "Reexecute") && dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY)) {
3419                         /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3420                          * a reply */
3421                         r = 0;
3422                         goto finish;
3423                 }
3424
3425                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3426                 r = -EIO;
3427                 goto finish;
3428         }
3429
3430         r = 0;
3431
3432 finish:
3433         if (m)
3434                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3435
3436         if (reply)
3437                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3438
3439         dbus_error_free(&error);
3440
3441         return r;
3442 }
3443
3444 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3445         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
3446         int r;
3447         DBusError error;
3448         char **name;
3449
3450         assert(bus);
3451         dbus_error_init(&error);
3452
3453         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
3454                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
3455
3456         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3457                 DBusMessage *reply;
3458
3459                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3460                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3461                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3462                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3463                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3464                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3465                         r = -ENOMEM;
3466                         goto finish;
3467                 }
3468
3469                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3470                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3471                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3472                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3473                         r = -ENOMEM;
3474                         goto finish;
3475                 }
3476
3477                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3478                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3479                         r = -EIO;
3480                         goto finish;
3481                 }
3482
3483                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3484                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3485                 m = reply = NULL;
3486         }
3487
3488         r = 0;
3489
3490 finish:
3491         if (m)
3492                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3493
3494         dbus_error_free(&error);
3495
3496         return r;
3497 }
3498
3499 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3500         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3501         DBusError error;
3502         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3503         int r;
3504         const char
3505                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3506                 *property = "Environment";
3507
3508         dbus_error_init(&error);
3509
3510         pager_open_if_enabled();
3511
3512         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3513                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3514                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3515                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3516                               "Get"))) {
3517                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3518                 return -ENOMEM;
3519         }
3520
3521         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3522                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3523                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3524                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3525                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3526                 r = -ENOMEM;
3527                 goto finish;
3528         }
3529
3530         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3531                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3532                 r = -EIO;
3533                 goto finish;
3534         }
3535
3536         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3537             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3538                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3539                 r = -EIO;
3540                 goto finish;
3541         }
3542
3543         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3544
3545         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3546             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3547                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3548                 r = -EIO;
3549                 goto finish;
3550         }
3551
3552         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3553
3554         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3555                 const char *text;
3556
3557                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3558                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3559                         r = -EIO;
3560                         goto finish;
3561                 }
3562
3563                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3564                 printf("%s\n", text);
3565
3566                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3567         }
3568
3569         r = 0;
3570
3571 finish:
3572         if (m)
3573                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3574
3575         if (reply)
3576                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3577
3578         dbus_error_free(&error);
3579
3580         return r;
3581 }
3582
3583 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3584         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3585         DBusError error;
3586         int r;
3587         const char *method;
3588         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3589         char **name;
3590
3591         dbus_error_init(&error);
3592
3593         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3594                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3595                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3596
3597         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3598                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3599                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3600                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3601                               method))) {
3602
3603                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3604                 return -ENOMEM;
3605         }
3606
3607         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3608
3609         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3610                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3611                 r = -ENOMEM;
3612                 goto finish;
3613         }
3614
3615         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
3616                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name)) {
3617                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3618                         r = -ENOMEM;
3619                         goto finish;
3620                 }
3621
3622         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3623                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3624                 r = -ENOMEM;
3625                 goto finish;
3626         }
3627
3628         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3629                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3630                 r = -EIO;
3631                 goto finish;
3632         }
3633
3634         r = 0;
3635
3636 finish:
3637         if (m)
3638                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3639
3640         if (reply)
3641                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3642
3643         dbus_error_free(&error);
3644
3645         return r;
3646 }
3647
3648 static int enable_sysv_units(char **args) {
3649         int r = 0;
3650
3651 #if defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT) && (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA) || defined(TARGET_SUSE) || defined(TARGET_MEEGO) || defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX) || defined(TARGET_MAGEIA))
3652         const char *verb = args[0];
3653         unsigned f = 1, t = 1;
3654         LookupPaths paths;
3655
3656         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
3657                 return 0;
3658
3659         if (!streq(verb, "enable") &&
3660             !streq(verb, "disable") &&
3661             !streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3662                 return 0;
3663
3664         /* Processes all SysV units, and reshuffles the array so that
3665          * afterwards only the native units remain */
3666
3667         zero(paths);
3668         r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, MANAGER_SYSTEM, false);
3669         if (r < 0)
3670                 return r;
3671
3672         r = 0;
3673
3674         for (f = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3675                 const char *name;
3676                 char *p;
3677                 bool found_native = false, found_sysv;
3678                 unsigned c = 1;
3679                 const char *argv[6] = { "/sbin/chkconfig", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
3680                 char **k, *l, *q = NULL;
3681                 int j;
3682                 pid_t pid;
3683                 siginfo_t status;
3684
3685                 name = args[f];
3686
3687                 if (!endswith(name, ".service"))
3688                         continue;
3689
3690                 if (path_is_absolute(name))
3691                         continue;
3692
3693                 STRV_FOREACH(k, paths.unit_path) {
3694                         p = NULL;
3695
3696                         if (!isempty(arg_root))
3697                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s/%s", arg_root, *k, name);
3698                         else
3699                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", *k, name);
3700
3701                         if (!p) {
3702                                 log_error("No memory");
3703                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3704                                 goto finish;
3705                         }
3706
3707                         found_native = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3708                         free(p);
3709
3710                         if (found_native)
3711                                 break;
3712                 }
3713
3714                 if (found_native)
3715                         continue;
3716
3717                 p = NULL;
3718                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3719                         asprintf(&p, "%s/" SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", arg_root, name);
3720                 else
3721                         asprintf(&p, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", name);
3722                 if (!p) {
3723                         log_error("No memory");
3724                         r = -ENOMEM;
3725                         goto finish;
3726                 }
3727
3728                 p[strlen(p) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3729                 found_sysv = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3730
3731                 if (!found_sysv) {
3732                         free(p);
3733                         continue;
3734                 }
3735
3736                 /* Mark this entry, so that we don't try enabling it as native unit */
3737                 args[f] = (char*) "";
3738
3739                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", name);
3740
3741                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3742                         argv[c++] = q = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
3743
3744                 argv[c++] = path_get_file_name(p);
3745                 argv[c++] =
3746                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3747                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
3748                 argv[c] = NULL;
3749
3750                 l = strv_join((char**)argv, " ");
3751                 if (!l) {
3752                         log_error("No memory.");
3753                         free(q);
3754                         free(p);
3755                         r = -ENOMEM;
3756                         goto finish;
3757                 }
3758
3759                 log_info("Executing %s", l);
3760                 free(l);
3761
3762                 pid = fork();
3763                 if (pid < 0) {
3764                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3765                         free(p);
3766                         free(q);
3767                         r = -errno;
3768                         goto finish;
3769                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3770                         /* Child */
3771
3772                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3773                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3774                 }
3775
3776                 free(p);
3777                 free(q);
3778
3779                 j = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3780                 if (j < 0) {
3781                         log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
3782                         r = j;
3783                         goto finish;
3784                 }
3785
3786                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3787                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3788                                 if (status.si_status == 0) {
3789                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3790                                                 puts("enabled");
3791                                         r = 1;
3792                                 } else {
3793                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3794                                                 puts("disabled");
3795                                 }
3796
3797                         } else if (status.si_status != 0) {
3798                                 r = -EINVAL;
3799                                 goto finish;
3800                         }
3801                 } else {
3802                         r = -EPROTO;
3803                         goto finish;
3804                 }
3805         }
3806
3807 finish:
3808         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3809
3810         /* Drop all SysV units */
3811         for (f = 1, t = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3812
3813                 if (isempty(args[f]))
3814                         continue;
3815
3816                 args[t++] = args[f];
3817         }
3818
3819         args[t] = NULL;
3820
3821 #endif
3822         return r;
3823 }
3824
3825 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3826         const char *verb = args[0];
3827         UnitFileChange *changes = NULL;
3828         unsigned n_changes = 0, i;
3829         int carries_install_info = -1;
3830         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3831         int r;
3832         DBusError error;
3833
3834         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3835         if (r < 0)
3836                 return r;
3837
3838         if (!args[1])
3839                 return 0;
3840
3841         dbus_error_init(&error);
3842
3843         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3844                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3845                         r = unit_file_enable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3846                         carries_install_info = r;
3847                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3848                         r = unit_file_disable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3849                 else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3850                         r = unit_file_reenable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3851                         carries_install_info = r;
3852                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3853                         r = unit_file_link(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3854                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3855                         r = unit_file_preset(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3856                         carries_install_info = r;
3857                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3858                         r = unit_file_mask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3859                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask"))
3860                         r = unit_file_unmask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3861                 else
3862                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3863
3864                 if (r < 0) {
3865                         log_error("Operation failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3866                         goto finish;
3867                 }
3868
3869                 if (!arg_quiet) {
3870                         for (i = 0; i < n_changes; i++) {
3871                                 if (changes[i].type == UNIT_FILE_SYMLINK)
3872                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", changes[i].source, changes[i].path);
3873                                 else
3874                                         log_info("rm '%s'", changes[i].path);
3875                         }
3876                 }
3877
3878         } else {
3879                 const char *method;
3880                 bool send_force = true, expect_carries_install_info = false;
3881                 dbus_bool_t a, b;
3882                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3883
3884                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3885                         method = "EnableUnitFiles";
3886                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3887                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3888                         method = "DisableUnitFiles";
3889                         send_force = false;
3890                 } else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3891                         method = "ReenableUnitFiles";
3892                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3893                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3894                         method = "LinkUnitFiles";
3895                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3896                         method = "PresetUnitFiles";
3897                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3898                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3899                         method = "MaskUnitFiles";
3900                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask")) {
3901                         method = "UnmaskUnitFiles";
3902                         send_force = false;
3903                 } else
3904                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3905
3906                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3907                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3908                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3909                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3910                                 method);
3911                 if (!m) {
3912                         log_error("Out of memory");
3913                         r = -ENOMEM;
3914                         goto finish;
3915                 }
3916
3917                 dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3918
3919                 r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, args+1);
3920                 if (r < 0) {
3921                         log_error("Failed to append unit files.");
3922                         goto finish;
3923                 }
3924
3925                 a = arg_runtime;
3926                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &a)) {
3927                         log_error("Failed to append runtime boolean.");
3928                         r = -ENOMEM;
3929                         goto finish;
3930                 }
3931
3932                 if (send_force) {
3933                         b = arg_force;
3934
3935                         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b)) {
3936                                 log_error("Failed to append force boolean.");
3937                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3938                                 goto finish;
3939                         }
3940                 }
3941
3942                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3943                 if (!reply) {
3944                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3945                         r = -EIO;
3946                         goto finish;
3947                 }
3948
3949                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
3950                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
3951                         goto finish;
3952                 }
3953
3954                 if (expect_carries_install_info) {
3955                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b, true);
3956                         if (r < 0) {
3957                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3958                                 goto finish;
3959                         }
3960
3961                         carries_install_info = b;
3962                 }
3963
3964                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3965                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
3966                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3967                         r = -EIO;
3968                         goto finish;
3969                 }
3970
3971                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3972                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3973                         const char *type, *path, *source;
3974
3975                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
3976                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3977                                 r = -EIO;
3978                                 goto finish;
3979                         }
3980
3981                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3982
3983                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
3984                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0 ||
3985                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &source, false) < 0) {
3986                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3987                                 r = -EIO;
3988                                 goto finish;
3989                         }
3990
3991                         if (!arg_quiet) {
3992                                 if (streq(type, "symlink"))
3993                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", source, path);
3994                                 else
3995                                         log_info("rm '%s'", path);
3996                         }
3997
3998                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3999                 }
4000
4001                 /* Try to reload if enabeld */
4002                 if (!arg_no_reload)
4003                         r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
4004         }
4005
4006         if (carries_install_info == 0)
4007                 log_warning("Warning: unit files do not carry install information. No operation executed.");
4008
4009 finish:
4010         if (m)
4011                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4012
4013         if (reply)
4014                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4015
4016         unit_file_changes_free(changes, n_changes);
4017
4018         dbus_error_free(&error);
4019         return r;
4020 }
4021
4022 static int unit_is_enabled(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
4023         DBusError error;
4024         int r;
4025         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4026         bool enabled;
4027         char **name;
4028
4029         dbus_error_init(&error);
4030
4031         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
4032         if (r < 0)
4033                 return r;
4034
4035         enabled = r > 0;
4036
4037         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
4038
4039                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4040                         UnitFileState state;
4041
4042                         state = unit_file_get_state(arg_scope, arg_root, *name);
4043                         if (state < 0) {
4044                                 r = state;
4045                                 goto finish;
4046                         }
4047
4048                         if (state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED ||
4049                             state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED_RUNTIME ||
4050                             state == UNIT_FILE_STATIC)
4051                                 enabled = true;
4052
4053                         if (!arg_quiet)
4054                                 puts(unit_file_state_to_string(state));
4055                 }
4056
4057         } else {
4058                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4059                         const char *s;
4060
4061                         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4062                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
4063                                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
4064                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
4065                                         "GetUnitFileState");
4066                         if (!m) {
4067                                 log_error("Out of memory");
4068                                 r = -ENOMEM;
4069                                 goto finish;
4070                         }
4071
4072                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
4073                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
4074                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
4075                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4076                                 r = -ENOMEM;
4077                                 goto finish;
4078                         }
4079
4080                         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
4081                         if (!reply) {
4082                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4083                                 r = -EIO;
4084                                 goto finish;
4085                         }
4086
4087                         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
4088                                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s,
4089                                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
4090                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4091                                 r = -EIO;
4092                                 goto finish;
4093                         }
4094
4095                         dbus_message_unref(m);
4096                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
4097                         m = reply = NULL;
4098
4099                         if (streq(s, "enabled") ||
4100                             streq(s, "enabled-runtime") ||
4101                             streq(s, "static"))
4102                                 enabled = true;
4103
4104                         if (!arg_quiet)
4105                                 puts(s);
4106                 }
4107         }
4108
4109         r = enabled ? 0 : 1;
4110
4111 finish:
4112         if (m)
4113                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4114
4115         if (reply)
4116                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4117
4118         dbus_error_free(&error);
4119         return r;
4120 }
4121
4122 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4123
4124         pager_open_if_enabled();
4125
4126         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4127                "Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.\n\n"
4128                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4129                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4130                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4131                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4132                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4133                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4134                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4135                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4136                "                      pending\n"
4137                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4138                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4139                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4140                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4141                "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST\n"
4142                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
4143                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
4144                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4145                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4146                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4147                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4148                "                      configuration\n"
4149                "     --no-legend      Do not print a legend (column headers and hints)\n"
4150                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
4151                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4152                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4153                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4154                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4155                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4156                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4157                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4158                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4159                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4160                "     --root=PATH      Enable unit files in the specified root directory\n"
4161                "     --runtime        Enable unit files only temporarily until next reboot\n"
4162                "  -n --lines=INTEGER  Journal entries to show\n"
4163                "     --follow         Follow journal\n"
4164                "  -o --output=STRING  Change journal output mode (short, short-monotonic,\n"
4165                "                      verbose, export, json, cat)\n\n"
4166                "Unit Commands:\n"
4167                "  list-units                      List loaded units\n"
4168                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4169                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4170                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4171                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4172                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4173                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4174                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4175                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4176                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4177                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4178                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4179                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4180                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4181                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4182                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4183                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4184                "                                  units\n"
4185                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n\n"
4186                "Unit File Commands:\n"
4187                "  list-unit-files                 List installed unit files\n"
4188                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4189                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4190                "  reenable [NAME...]              Reenable one or more unit files\n"
4191                "  preset [NAME...]                Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
4192                "                                  based on preset configuration\n"
4193                "  mask [NAME...]                  Mask one or more units\n"
4194                "  unmask [NAME...]                Unmask one or more units\n"
4195                "  link [PATH...]                  Link one or more units files into\n"
4196                "                                  the search path\n"
4197                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n\n"
4198                "Job Commands:\n"
4199                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4200                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n\n"
4201                "Status Commands:\n"
4202                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4203                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n\n"
4204                "Snapshot Commands:\n"
4205                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4206                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n\n"
4207                "Environment Commands:\n"
4208                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4209                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4210                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n\n"
4211                "Manager Lifecycle Commands:\n"
4212                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4213                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n\n"
4214                "System Commands:\n"
4215                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4216                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4217                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4218                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4219                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4220                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4221                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4222                "  exit                            Request user instance exit\n"
4223                "  suspend                         Suspend the system\n"
4224                "  hibernate                       Hibernate the system\n",
4225                program_invocation_short_name);
4226
4227         return 0;
4228 }
4229
4230 static int halt_help(void) {
4231
4232         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4233                "%s the system.\n\n"
4234                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4235                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4236                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4237                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4238                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4239                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4240                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4241                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4242                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4243                program_invocation_short_name,
4244                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4245                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4246                                                "Halt");
4247
4248         return 0;
4249 }
4250
4251 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4252
4253         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4254                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4255                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4256                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4257                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4258                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4259                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4260                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4261                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4262                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4263                program_invocation_short_name);
4264
4265         return 0;
4266 }
4267
4268 static int telinit_help(void) {
4269
4270         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4271                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4272                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4273                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4274                "Commands:\n"
4275                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4276                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4277                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4278                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4279                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4280                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4281                program_invocation_short_name);
4282
4283         return 0;
4284 }
4285
4286 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4287
4288         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4289                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4290                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4291                program_invocation_short_name);
4292
4293         return 0;
4294 }
4295
4296 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4297
4298         enum {
4299                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4300                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4301                 ARG_VERSION,
4302                 ARG_USER,
4303                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4304                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4305                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4306                 ARG_NO_LEGEND,
4307                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4308                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4309                 ARG_ORDER,
4310                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4311                 ARG_ROOT,
4312                 ARG_FULL,
4313                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4314                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4315                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4316                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4317                 ARG_FAILED,
4318                 ARG_RUNTIME,
4319                 ARG_FOLLOW,
4320                 ARG_FORCE
4321         };
4322
4323         static const struct option options[] = {
4324                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4325                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4326                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4327                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4328                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4329                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4330                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4331                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4332                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4333                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4334                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4335                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4336                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4337                 { "no-legend", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },
4338                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4339                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4340                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4341                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4342                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4343                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4344                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4345                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4346                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE }, /* undocumented on purpose */
4347                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4348                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4349                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4350                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4351                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4352                 { "runtime",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME   },
4353                 { "lines",     required_argument, NULL, 'n'           },
4354                 { "follow",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FOLLOW    },
4355                 { "output",    required_argument, NULL, 'o'           },
4356                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4357         };
4358
4359         int c;
4360
4361         assert(argc >= 0);
4362         assert(argv);
4363
4364         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:Pn:o:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4365
4366                 switch (c) {
4367
4368                 case 'h':
4369                         systemctl_help();
4370                         return 0;
4371
4372                 case ARG_VERSION:
4373                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4374                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4375                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4376                         return 0;
4377
4378                 case 't':
4379                         arg_type = optarg;
4380                         break;
4381
4382                 case 'p': {
4383                         char **l;
4384
4385                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4386                                 return -ENOMEM;
4387
4388                         strv_free(arg_property);
4389                         arg_property = l;
4390
4391                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4392                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4393                          * empty. */
4394                         arg_all = true;
4395                         break;
4396                 }
4397
4398                 case 'a':
4399                         arg_all = true;
4400                         break;
4401
4402                 case ARG_FAIL:
4403                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4404                         break;
4405
4406                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4407                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4408                         break;
4409
4410                 case ARG_USER:
4411                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
4412                         break;
4413
4414                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4415                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
4416                         break;
4417
4418                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4419                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
4420                         break;
4421
4422                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4423                         arg_no_block = true;
4424                         break;
4425
4426                 case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
4427                         arg_no_legend = true;
4428                         break;
4429
4430                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4431                         arg_no_pager = true;
4432                         break;
4433
4434                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4435                         arg_no_wall = true;
4436                         break;
4437
4438                 case ARG_ORDER:
4439                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4440                         break;
4441
4442                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4443                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4444                         break;
4445
4446                 case ARG_ROOT:
4447                         arg_root = optarg;
4448                         break;
4449
4450                 case ARG_FULL:
4451                         arg_full = true;
4452                         break;
4453
4454                 case ARG_FAILED:
4455                         arg_failed = true;
4456                         break;
4457
4458                 case 'q':
4459                         arg_quiet = true;
4460                         break;
4461
4462                 case ARG_FORCE:
4463                         arg_force ++;
4464                         break;
4465
4466                 case ARG_FOLLOW:
4467                         arg_follow = true;
4468                         break;
4469
4470                 case 'f':
4471                         /* -f is short for both --follow and --force! */
4472                         arg_force ++;
4473                         arg_follow = true;
4474                         break;
4475
4476                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4477                         arg_no_reload = true;
4478                         break;
4479
4480                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4481                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4482                         break;
4483
4484                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4485                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4486                         break;
4487
4488                 case 's':
4489                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4490                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4491                                 return -EINVAL;
4492                         }
4493                         break;
4494
4495                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4496                         arg_ask_password = false;
4497                         break;
4498
4499                 case 'P':
4500                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4501                         break;
4502
4503                 case 'H':
4504                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4505                         arg_host = optarg;
4506                         break;
4507
4508                 case ARG_RUNTIME:
4509                         arg_runtime = true;
4510                         break;
4511
4512                 case 'n':
4513                         if (safe_atou(optarg, &arg_lines) < 0) {
4514                                 log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);
4515                                 return -EINVAL;
4516                         }
4517                         break;
4518
4519                 case 'o':
4520                         arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
4521                         if (arg_output < 0) {
4522                                 log_error("Unknown output '%s'.", optarg);
4523                                 return -EINVAL;
4524                         }
4525                         break;
4526
4527                 case '?':
4528                         return -EINVAL;
4529
4530                 default:
4531                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4532                         return -EINVAL;
4533                 }
4534         }
4535
4536         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
4537                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4538                 return -EINVAL;
4539         }
4540
4541         return 1;
4542 }
4543
4544 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4545
4546         enum {
4547                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4548                 ARG_HALT,
4549                 ARG_REBOOT,
4550                 ARG_NO_WALL
4551         };
4552
4553         static const struct option options[] = {
4554                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4555                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4556                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4557                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4558                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4559                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4560                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4561                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4562                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4563                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4564         };
4565
4566         int c, runlevel;
4567
4568         assert(argc >= 0);
4569         assert(argv);
4570
4571         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4572                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4573                         arg_force = 2;
4574
4575         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4576                 switch (c) {
4577
4578                 case ARG_HELP:
4579                         halt_help();
4580                         return 0;
4581
4582                 case ARG_HALT:
4583                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4584                         break;
4585
4586                 case 'p':
4587                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4588                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4589                         break;
4590
4591                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4592                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4593                         break;
4594
4595                 case 'f':
4596                         arg_force = 2;
4597                         break;
4598
4599                 case 'w':
4600                         arg_dry = true;
4601                         break;
4602
4603                 case 'd':
4604                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4605                         break;
4606
4607                 case 'n':
4608                         arg_no_sync = true;
4609                         break;
4610
4611                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4612                         arg_no_wall = true;
4613                         break;
4614
4615                 case 'i':
4616                 case 'h':
4617                         /* Compatibility nops */
4618                         break;
4619
4620                 case '?':
4621                         return -EINVAL;
4622
4623                 default:
4624                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4625                         return -EINVAL;
4626                 }
4627         }
4628
4629         if (optind < argc) {
4630                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4631                 return -EINVAL;
4632         }
4633
4634         return 1;
4635 }
4636
4637 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4638         assert(t);
4639         assert(_u);
4640
4641         if (streq(t, "now"))
4642                 *_u = 0;
4643         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4644                 uint64_t u;
4645
4646                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4647                         return -EINVAL;
4648
4649                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4650         } else {
4651                 char *e = NULL;
4652                 long hour, minute;
4653                 struct tm tm;
4654                 time_t s;
4655                 usec_t n;
4656
4657                 errno = 0;
4658                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4659                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4660                         return -EINVAL;
4661
4662                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4663                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4664                         return -EINVAL;
4665
4666                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4667                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4668
4669                 zero(tm);
4670                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4671
4672                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4673                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4674                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4675
4676                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4677
4678                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4679
4680                 while (*_u <= n)
4681                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4682         }
4683
4684         return 0;
4685 }
4686
4687 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4688
4689         enum {
4690                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4691                 ARG_NO_WALL
4692         };
4693
4694         static const struct option options[] = {
4695                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4696                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4697                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4698                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4699                 { "kexec",     no_argument,       NULL, 'K'         }, /* not documented extension */
4700                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4701                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4702         };
4703
4704         int c, r;
4705
4706         assert(argc >= 0);
4707         assert(argv);
4708
4709         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4710                 switch (c) {
4711
4712                 case ARG_HELP:
4713                         shutdown_help();
4714                         return 0;
4715
4716                 case 'H':
4717                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4718                         break;
4719
4720                 case 'P':
4721                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4722                         break;
4723
4724                 case 'r':
4725                         if (kexec_loaded())
4726                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4727                         else
4728                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4729                         break;
4730
4731                 case 'K':
4732                         arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4733                         break;
4734
4735                 case 'h':
4736                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4737                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4738                         break;
4739
4740                 case 'k':
4741                         arg_dry = true;
4742                         break;
4743
4744                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4745                         arg_no_wall = true;
4746                         break;
4747
4748                 case 't':
4749                 case 'a':
4750                         /* Compatibility nops */
4751                         break;
4752
4753                 case 'c':
4754                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4755                         break;
4756
4757                 case '?':
4758                         return -EINVAL;
4759
4760                 default:
4761                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4762                         return -EINVAL;
4763                 }
4764         }
4765
4766         if (argc > optind) {
4767                 r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when);
4768                 if (r < 0) {
4769                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4770                         return r;
4771                 }
4772         } else
4773                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4774
4775         /* We skip the time argument */
4776         if (argc > optind + 1)
4777                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4778
4779         optind = argc;
4780
4781         return 1;
4782 }
4783
4784 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4785
4786         enum {
4787                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4788                 ARG_NO_WALL
4789         };
4790
4791         static const struct option options[] = {
4792                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4793                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4794                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4795         };
4796
4797         static const struct {
4798                 char from;
4799                 enum action to;
4800         } table[] = {
4801                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4802                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4803                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4804                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4805                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4806                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4807                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4808                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4809                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4810                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4811                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4812                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4813                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4814         };
4815
4816         unsigned i;
4817         int c;
4818
4819         assert(argc >= 0);
4820         assert(argv);
4821
4822         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4823                 switch (c) {
4824
4825                 case ARG_HELP:
4826                         telinit_help();
4827                         return 0;
4828
4829                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4830                         arg_no_wall = true;
4831                         break;
4832
4833                 case '?':
4834                         return -EINVAL;
4835
4836                 default:
4837                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4838                         return -EINVAL;
4839                 }
4840         }
4841
4842         if (optind >= argc) {
4843                 telinit_help();
4844                 return -EINVAL;
4845         }
4846
4847         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4848                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4849                 return -EINVAL;
4850         }
4851
4852         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4853                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4854                 return -EINVAL;
4855         }
4856
4857         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4858                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4859                         break;
4860
4861         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4862                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4863                 return -EINVAL;
4864         }
4865
4866         arg_action = table[i].to;
4867
4868         optind ++;
4869
4870         return 1;
4871 }
4872
4873 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4874
4875         enum {
4876                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4877         };
4878
4879         static const struct option options[] = {
4880                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4881                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4882         };
4883
4884         int c;
4885
4886         assert(argc >= 0);
4887         assert(argv);
4888
4889         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4890                 switch (c) {
4891
4892                 case ARG_HELP:
4893                         runlevel_help();
4894                         return 0;
4895
4896                 case '?':
4897                         return -EINVAL;
4898
4899                 default:
4900                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4901                         return -EINVAL;
4902                 }
4903         }
4904
4905         if (optind < argc) {
4906                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4907                 return -EINVAL;
4908         }
4909
4910         return 1;
4911 }
4912
4913 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4914         assert(argc >= 0);
4915         assert(argv);
4916
4917         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4918
4919                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4920                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4921                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4922                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4923                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4924                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4925                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4926                         if (kexec_loaded())
4927                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4928                         else
4929                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4930                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4931                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4932                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4933                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4934                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4935
4936                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4937                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4938                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4939                         } else {
4940                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4941                                  * running, we need to forward this
4942                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4943                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4944
4945                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4946
4947                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4948                                 return -EIO;
4949                         }
4950
4951                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4952                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4953                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4954                 }
4955         }
4956
4957         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4958         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4959 }
4960
4961 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4962
4963         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4964                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4965                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4966                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4967                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4968                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4969                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4970                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4971                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4972         };
4973
4974         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4975
4976         return table[arg_action];
4977 }
4978
4979 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4980         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4981         DBusError error;
4982         int previous, rl, r;
4983         char
4984                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4985                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4986         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4987         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4988         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4989         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4990         DBusConnection *bus;
4991
4992         dbus_error_init(&error);
4993
4994         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4995                 return 0;
4996
4997         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4998                 previous = 'N';
4999
5000         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5001                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5002                         r = 0;
5003                         goto finish;
5004                 }
5005
5006                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5007                 r = -EIO;
5008                 goto finish;
5009         }
5010
5011         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5012                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5013                 goto finish;
5014         }
5015
5016         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5017                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5018                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5019                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5020                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5021
5022                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5023                 r = -ENOMEM;
5024                 goto finish;
5025         }
5026
5027         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5028
5029         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5030         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5031
5032         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5033             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5034             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5035             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5036             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5037             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5038                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5039                 r = -ENOMEM;
5040                 goto finish;
5041         }
5042
5043         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5044
5045                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5046                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5047                         goto finish;
5048                 }
5049
5050                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5051                 r = -EIO;
5052                 goto finish;
5053         }
5054
5055         r = 1;
5056
5057 finish:
5058         if (m)
5059                 dbus_message_unref(m);
5060
5061         if (reply)
5062                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
5063
5064         if (bus) {
5065                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5066                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5067                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5068         }
5069
5070         dbus_error_free(&error);
5071
5072         return r;
5073 }
5074
5075 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5076         struct init_request request;
5077         int r, fd;
5078         char rl;
5079
5080         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5081                 return 0;
5082
5083         zero(request);
5084         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5085         request.sleeptime = 0;
5086         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5087         request.runlevel = rl;
5088
5089         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
5090
5091                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5092                         return 0;
5093
5094                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5095                 return -errno;
5096         }
5097
5098         errno = 0;
5099         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5100         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5101
5102         if (r < 0) {
5103                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5104                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5105         }
5106
5107         return 1;
5108 }
5109
5110 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5111
5112         static const struct {
5113                 const char* verb;
5114                 const enum {
5115                         MORE,
5116                         LESS,
5117                         EQUAL
5118                 } argc_cmp;
5119                 const int argc;
5120                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
5121         } verbs[] = {
5122                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5123                 { "list-unit-files",       EQUAL, 1, list_unit_files   },
5124                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5125                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5126                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5127                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5128                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5129                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5130                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5131                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5132                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5133                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5134                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5135                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5136                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5137                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5138                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5139                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5140                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5141                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5142                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5143                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5144                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5145                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5146                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5147                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5148                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5149                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5150                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5151                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5152                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5153                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5154                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5155                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5156                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5157                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5158                 { "suspend",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5159                 { "hibernate",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5160                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5161                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5162                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5163                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5164                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5165                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5166                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5167                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, unit_is_enabled   },
5168                 { "reenable",              MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5169                 { "preset",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5170                 { "mask",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5171                 { "unmask",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5172                 { "link",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
5173         };
5174
5175         int left;
5176         unsigned i;
5177
5178         assert(argc >= 0);
5179         assert(argv);
5180         assert(error);
5181
5182         left = argc - optind;
5183
5184         if (left <= 0)
5185                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5186                 i = 0;
5187         else {
5188                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5189                         systemctl_help();
5190                         return 0;
5191                 }
5192
5193                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5194                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5195                                 break;
5196
5197                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5198                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5199                         return -EINVAL;
5200                 }
5201         }
5202
5203         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5204
5205         case EQUAL:
5206                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5207                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5208                         return -EINVAL;
5209                 }
5210
5211                 break;
5212
5213         case MORE:
5214                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5215                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5216                         return -EINVAL;
5217                 }
5218
5219                 break;
5220
5221         case LESS:
5222                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5223                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5224                         return -EINVAL;
5225                 }
5226
5227                 break;
5228
5229         default:
5230                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5231         }
5232
5233         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5234          * enable/disable */
5235         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5236             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5237             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "is-enabled") &&
5238             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "list-unit-files") &&
5239             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "reenable") &&
5240             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "preset") &&
5241             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "mask") &&
5242             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "unmask") &&
5243             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "link")) {
5244
5245                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5246                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5247                         return 0;
5248                 }
5249
5250                 if (((!streq(verbs[i].verb, "reboot") &&
5251                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "halt") &&
5252                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "poweroff")) || arg_force <= 0) && !bus) {
5253                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5254                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5255                         return -EIO;
5256                 }
5257
5258         } else {
5259
5260                 if (!bus && !avoid_bus()) {
5261                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5262                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5263                         return -EIO;
5264                 }
5265         }
5266
5267         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind);
5268 }
5269
5270 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5271         int fd;
5272         struct msghdr msghdr;
5273         struct iovec iovec[2];
5274         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5275         struct sd_shutdown_command c;
5276
5277         fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5278         if (fd < 0)
5279                 return -errno;
5280
5281         zero(c);
5282         c.usec = t;
5283         c.mode = mode;
5284         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5285         c.warn_wall = warn;
5286
5287         zero(sockaddr);
5288         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5289         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5290
5291         zero(msghdr);
5292         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5293         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5294
5295         zero(iovec);
5296         iovec[0].iov_base = (char*) &c;
5297         iovec[0].iov_len = offsetof(struct sd_shutdown_command, wall_message);
5298
5299         if (isempty(message))
5300                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5301         else {
5302                 iovec[1].iov_base = (char*) message;
5303                 iovec[1].iov_len = strlen(message);
5304                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 2;
5305         }
5306         msghdr.msg_iov = iovec;
5307
5308         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5309                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5310                 return -errno;
5311         }
5312
5313         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5314         return 0;
5315 }
5316
5317 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5318
5319         if (bus) {
5320                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5321                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5322                         return 0;
5323         }
5324
5325         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5326         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5327
5328         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5329                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5330                 return -errno;
5331         }
5332
5333         return 0;
5334 }
5335
5336 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5337
5338         if (bus) {
5339                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5340                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5341                         goto done;
5342         }
5343
5344         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5345          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5346         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5347                 goto done;
5348
5349         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5350          * /dev/initctl */
5351         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5352                 goto done;
5353
5354         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5355         return -EIO;
5356
5357 done:
5358         warn_wall(arg_action);
5359         return 0;
5360 }
5361
5362 static void halt_now(enum action a) {
5363
5364        /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5365          * point on... */
5366         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5367
5368         switch (a) {
5369
5370         case ACTION_HALT:
5371                 log_info("Halting.");
5372                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5373                 break;
5374
5375         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5376                 log_info("Powering off.");
5377                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5378                 break;
5379
5380         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5381                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5382                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5383                 break;
5384
5385         default:
5386                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5387         }
5388
5389         assert_not_reached("Uh? This shouldn't happen.");
5390 }
5391
5392 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5393         int r;
5394
5395         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5396                 /* Try logind if we are a normal user and no special
5397                  * mode applies. Maybe PolicyKit allows us to shutdown
5398                  * the machine. */
5399
5400                 if (arg_when <= 0 &&
5401                     !arg_dry &&
5402                     !arg_force &&
5403                     (arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
5404                      arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT)) {
5405                         r = reboot_with_logind(bus, arg_action);
5406                         if (r >= 0)
5407                                 return r;
5408                 }
5409
5410                 log_error("Must be root.");
5411                 return -EPERM;
5412         }
5413
5414         if (arg_when > 0) {
5415                 char *m;
5416
5417                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5418                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5419                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5420                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5421                                    arg_action == ACTION_KEXEC    ? 'K' :
5422                                                                    'r',
5423                                    arg_dry,
5424                                    !arg_no_wall,
5425                                    m);
5426                 free(m);
5427
5428                 if (r < 0)
5429                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5430                 else {
5431                         char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5432
5433                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5434                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5435                         return 0;
5436                 }
5437         }
5438
5439         if (!arg_dry && !arg_force)
5440                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5441
5442         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5443                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5444                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5445                 else {
5446                         r = utmp_put_shutdown();
5447                         if (r < 0)
5448                                 log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5449                 }
5450         }
5451
5452         if (!arg_no_sync)
5453                 sync();
5454
5455         if (arg_dry)
5456                 return 0;
5457
5458         halt_now(arg_action);
5459         /* We should never reach this. */
5460         return -ENOSYS;
5461 }
5462
5463 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5464         int r, runlevel, previous;
5465
5466         r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous);
5467         if (r < 0) {
5468                 puts("unknown");
5469                 return r;
5470         }
5471
5472         printf("%c %c\n",
5473                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5474                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5475
5476         return 0;
5477 }
5478
5479 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5480         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5481         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5482         DBusError error;
5483
5484         dbus_error_init(&error);
5485
5486         log_parse_environment();
5487         log_open();
5488
5489         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5490         if (r < 0)
5491                 goto finish;
5492         else if (r == 0) {
5493                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5494                 goto finish;
5495         }
5496
5497         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5498          * let's shortcut this */
5499         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5500                 r = runlevel_main();
5501                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5502                 goto finish;
5503         }
5504
5505         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5506                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5507                 retval = 0;
5508                 goto finish;
5509         }
5510
5511         if (!avoid_bus()) {
5512                 if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5513                         bus_connect(arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5514                 else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5515                         bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5516                         private_bus = false;
5517                 } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5518                         bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5519                         private_bus = false;
5520                 } else
5521                         assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5522         }
5523
5524         switch (arg_action) {
5525
5526         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5527                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5528                 break;
5529
5530         case ACTION_HALT:
5531         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5532         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5533         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5534                 r = halt_main(bus);
5535                 break;
5536
5537         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5538         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5539         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5540         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5541         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5542         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5543         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5544                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5545                 break;
5546
5547         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5548         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5549                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5550                 break;
5551
5552         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5553                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, false, NULL);
5554                 break;
5555
5556         case ACTION_INVALID:
5557         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5558         default:
5559                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5560         }
5561
5562         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5563
5564 finish:
5565         if (bus) {
5566                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5567                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5568                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5569         }
5570
5571         dbus_error_free(&error);
5572
5573         dbus_shutdown();
5574
5575         strv_free(arg_property);
5576
5577         pager_close();
5578         ask_password_agent_close();
5579         polkit_agent_close();
5580
5581         return retval;
5582 }