src/systemctl/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include <systemd/sd-daemon.h>
  39 #include <systemd/sd-shutdown.h>
  40
  41 #include "log.h"
  42 #include "util.h"
  43 #include "macro.h"
  44 #include "set.h"
  45 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  46 #include "special.h"
  47 #include "initreq.h"
  48 #include "path-util.h"
  49 #include "strv.h"
  50 #include "dbus-common.h"
  51 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  52 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  53 #include "list.h"
  54 #include "path-lookup.h"
  55 #include "conf-parser.h"
  56 #include "exit-status.h"
  57 #include "bus-errors.h"
  58 #include "build.h"
  59 #include "unit-name.h"
  60 #include "pager.h"
  61 #include "spawn-ask-password-agent.h"
  62 #include "spawn-polkit-agent.h"
  63 #include "install.h"
  64 #include "logs-show.h"
  65 #include "path-util.h"
  66
  67 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  68 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  69 static bool arg_all = false;
  70 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  71 static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
  72 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  73 static bool arg_no_legend = false;
  74 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  75 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  76 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  77 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  78 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  79 static bool arg_dry = false;
  80 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  81 static bool arg_full = false;
  82 static int arg_force = 0;
  83 static bool arg_ask_password = true;
  84 static bool arg_failed = false;
  85 static bool arg_runtime = false;
  86 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  87 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  88 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  89 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  90 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  91 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  92 static enum action {
  93         ACTION_INVALID,
  94         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  95         ACTION_HALT,
  96         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  97         ACTION_REBOOT,
  98         ACTION_KEXEC,
  99         ACTION_EXIT,
 100         ACTION_SUSPEND,
 101         ACTION_HIBERNATE,
 102         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
 103         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
 104         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
 105         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
 106         ACTION_RESCUE,
 107         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 108         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 109         ACTION_RELOAD,
 110         ACTION_REEXEC,
 111         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 112         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 113         _ACTION_MAX
 114 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 115 static enum dot {
 116         DOT_ALL,
 117         DOT_ORDER,
 118         DOT_REQUIRE
 119 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 120 static enum transport {
 121         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 122         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 123         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 124 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 125 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 126 static bool arg_follow = false;
 127 static unsigned arg_lines = 10;
 128 static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
 129
 130 static bool private_bus = false;
 131
 132 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
 133 static void halt_now(enum action a);
 134
 135 static bool on_tty(void) {
 136         static int t = -1;
 137
 138         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 139          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 140          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 141          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 142          * when run in our own pager. */
 143
 144         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 145                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 146
 147         return t;
 148 }
 149
 150 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 151
 152         /* Cache result before we open the pager */
 153         on_tty();
 154
 155         if (arg_no_pager)
 156                 return;
 157
 158         pager_open();
 159 }
 160
 161 static void ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 162
 163         /* Open the password agent as a child process if necessary */
 164
 165         if (!arg_ask_password)
 166                 return;
 167
 168         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 169                 return;
 170
 171         ask_password_agent_open();
 172 }
 173
 174 static void polkit_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 175
 176         /* Open the polkit agent as a child process if necessary */
 177
 178         if (!arg_ask_password)
 179                 return;
 180
 181         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 182                 return;
 183
 184         polkit_agent_open();
 185 }
 186
 187 static const char *ansi_highlight_red(bool b) {
 188
 189         if (!on_tty())
 190                 return "";
 191
 192         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 193 }
 194
 195 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 196
 197         if (!on_tty())
 198                 return "";
 199
 200         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 201 }
 202
 203 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 204         assert(error);
 205
 206         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 207                 return false;
 208
 209         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 210                 return true;
 211
 212         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 213                 return true;
 214
 215         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 216 }
 217
 218 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 219         assert(error);
 220
 221         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 222                 return r;
 223
 224         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 225             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 226             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 227             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 228                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 229
 230         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 231                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 232
 233         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 234             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 235                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 236
 237         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 238                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 239
 240         if (r != 0)
 241                 return r;
 242
 243         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 244 }
 245
 246 static void warn_wall(enum action a) {
 247         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 248                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 249                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 250                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 251                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 252                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 253                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 254         };
 255
 256         if (arg_no_wall)
 257                 return;
 258
 259         if (arg_wall) {
 260                 char *p;
 261
 262                 p = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
 263                 if (!p) {
 264                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 265                         return;
 266                 }
 267
 268                 if (*p) {
 269                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 270                         free(p);
 271                         return;
 272                 }
 273
 274                 free(p);
 275         }
 276
 277         if (!table[a])
 278                 return;
 279
 280         utmp_wall(table[a], NULL);
 281 }
 282
 283 static bool avoid_bus(void) {
 284
 285         if (running_in_chroot() > 0)
 286                 return true;
 287
 288         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
 289                 return true;
 290
 291         if (!isempty(arg_root))
 292                 return true;
 293
 294         if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL)
 295                 return true;
 296
 297         return false;
 298 }
 299
 300 struct unit_info {
 301         const char *id;
 302         const char *description;
 303         const char *load_state;
 304         const char *active_state;
 305         const char *sub_state;
 306         const char *following;
 307         const char *unit_path;
 308         uint32_t job_id;
 309         const char *job_type;
 310         const char *job_path;
 311 };
 312
 313 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 314         const char *d1, *d2;
 315         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 316
 317         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 318         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 319
 320         if (d1 && d2) {
 321                 int r;
 322
 323                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 324                         return r;
 325         }
 326
 327         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 328 }
 329
 330 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 331         const char *dot;
 332
 333         if (arg_failed)
 334                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 335
 336         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 337                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 338                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 339 }
 340
 341 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 342         unsigned id_len, max_id_len, active_len, sub_len, job_len, desc_len, n_shown = 0;
 343         const struct unit_info *u;
 344
 345         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT")-1;
 346         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 347         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 348         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 349         desc_len = 0;
 350
 351         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 352                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 353                         continue;
 354
 355                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(u->id));
 356                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 357                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 358                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 359                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 360         }
 361
 362         if (!arg_full) {
 363                 unsigned basic_len;
 364                 id_len = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 365                 basic_len = 5 + id_len + 6 + active_len + sub_len + job_len;
 366                 if (basic_len < (unsigned) columns()) {
 367                         unsigned extra_len, incr;
 368                         extra_len = columns() - basic_len;
 369                         /* Either UNIT already got 25, or is fully satisfied.
 370                          * Grant up to 25 to DESC now. */
 371                         incr = MIN(extra_len, 25);
 372                         desc_len += incr;
 373                         extra_len -= incr;
 374                         /* split the remaining space between UNIT and DESC,
 375                          * but do not give UNIT more than it needs. */
 376                         if (extra_len > 0) {
 377                                 incr = MIN(extra_len / 2, max_id_len - id_len);
 378                                 id_len += incr;
 379                                 desc_len += extra_len - incr;
 380                         }
 381                 }
 382         } else
 383                 id_len = max_id_len;
 384
 385         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 386                 printf("%-*s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s ", id_len, "UNIT", "LOAD",
 387                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 388                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 389                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, "DESCRIPTION");
 390                 else
 391                         printf("%s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 392         }
 393
 394         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 395                 char *e;
 396                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 397                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 398
 399                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 400                         continue;
 401
 402                 n_shown++;
 403
 404                 if (streq(u->load_state, "error")) {
 405                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 406                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 407                 } else
 408                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 409
 410                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 411                         on_active = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 412                         off_active = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 413                 } else
 414                         on_active = off_active = "";
 415
 416                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, id_len, 33);
 417
 418                 printf("%-*s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s %-*s ",
 419                        id_len, e ? e : u->id,
 420                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 421                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 422                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 423                        job_len, u->job_id ? u->job_type : "");
 424                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 425                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, u->description);
 426                 else
 427                         printf("%s\n", u->description);
 428
 429                 free(e);
 430         }
 431
 432         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 433                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 434                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 435                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 436                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 437
 438                 if (arg_all)
 439                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 440                 else
 441                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 442         }
 443 }
 444
 445 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 446         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 447         DBusError error;
 448         int r;
 449         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 450         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 451         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 452
 453         dbus_error_init(&error);
 454
 455         assert(bus);
 456
 457         pager_open_if_enabled();
 458
 459         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 460                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 461                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 462                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 463                               "ListUnits"))) {
 464                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 465                 return -ENOMEM;
 466         }
 467
 468         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 469                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 470                 r = -EIO;
 471                 goto finish;
 472         }
 473
 474         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 475             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 476             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 477                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 478                 r = -EIO;
 479                 goto finish;
 480         }
 481
 482         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 483
 484         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 485                 struct unit_info *u;
 486
 487                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 488                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 489                         r = -EIO;
 490                         goto finish;
 491                 }
 492
 493                 if (c >= n_units) {
 494                         struct unit_info *w;
 495
 496                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 497                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 498
 499                         if (!w) {
 500                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 501                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 502                                 goto finish;
 503                         }
 504
 505                         unit_infos = w;
 506                 }
 507
 508                 u = unit_infos+c;
 509
 510                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 511
 512                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 513                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 514                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 515                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 516                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 517                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 518                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 519                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 520                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 521                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 522                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 523                         r = -EIO;
 524                         goto finish;
 525                 }
 526
 527                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 528                 c++;
 529         }
 530
 531         if (c > 0) {
 532                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 533                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 534         }
 535
 536         r = 0;
 537
 538 finish:
 539         if (m)
 540                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 541
 542         if (reply)
 543                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 544
 545         free(unit_infos);
 546
 547         dbus_error_free(&error);
 548
 549         return r;
 550 }
 551
 552 static int compare_unit_file_list(const void *a, const void *b) {
 553         const char *d1, *d2;
 554         const UnitFileList *u = a, *v = b;
 555
 556         d1 = strrchr(u->path, '.');
 557         d2 = strrchr(v->path, '.');
 558
 559         if (d1 && d2) {
 560                 int r;
 561
 562                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 563                 if (r != 0)
 564                         return r;
 565         }
 566
 567         return strcasecmp(path_get_file_name(u->path), path_get_file_name(v->path));
 568 }
 569
 570 static bool output_show_unit_file(const UnitFileList *u) {
 571         const char *dot;
 572
 573         return !arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->path, '.')) && streq(dot+1, arg_type));
 574 }
 575
 576 static void output_unit_file_list(const UnitFileList *units, unsigned c) {
 577         unsigned max_id_len, id_cols, state_cols, n_shown = 0;
 578         const UnitFileList *u;
 579
 580         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT FILE")-1;
 581         state_cols = sizeof("STATE")-1;
 582         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 583                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 584                         continue;
 585
 586                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(path_get_file_name(u->path)));
 587                 state_cols = MAX(state_cols, strlen(unit_file_state_to_string(u->state)));
 588         }
 589
 590         if (!arg_full) {
 591                 unsigned basic_cols;
 592                 id_cols = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 593                 basic_cols = 1 + id_cols + state_cols;
 594                 if (basic_cols < (unsigned) columns())
 595                         id_cols += MIN(columns() - basic_cols, max_id_len - id_cols);
 596         } else
 597                 id_cols = max_id_len;
 598
 599         if (!arg_no_legend)
 600                 printf("%-*s %-*s\n", id_cols, "UNIT FILE", state_cols, "STATE");
 601
 602         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 603                 char *e;
 604                 const char *on, *off;
 605                 const char *id;
 606
 607                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 608                         continue;
 609
 610                 n_shown++;
 611
 612                 if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED ||
 613                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED_RUNTIME ||
 614                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_DISABLED) {
 615                         on  = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 616                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 617                 } else if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED) {
 618                         on  = ansi_highlight_green(true);
 619                         off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
 620                 } else
 621                         on = off = "";
 622
 623                 id = path_get_file_name(u->path);
 624
 625                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, id_cols, 33);
 626
 627                 printf("%-*s %s%-*s%s\n",
 628                        id_cols, e ? e : id,
 629                        on, state_cols, unit_file_state_to_string(u->state), off);
 630
 631                 free(e);
 632         }
 633
 634         if (!arg_no_legend)
 635                 printf("\n%u unit files listed.\n", n_shown);
 636 }
 637
 638 static int list_unit_files(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 639         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 640         DBusError error;
 641         int r;
 642         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 643         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 644         UnitFileList *units = NULL;
 645
 646         dbus_error_init(&error);
 647
 648         pager_open_if_enabled();
 649
 650         if (avoid_bus()) {
 651                 Hashmap *h;
 652                 UnitFileList *u;
 653                 Iterator i;
 654
 655                 h = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
 656                 if (!h) {
 657                         log_error("Out of memory");
 658                         return -ENOMEM;
 659                 }
 660
 661                 r = unit_file_get_list(arg_scope, arg_root, h);
 662                 if (r < 0) {
 663                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 664                         log_error("Failed to get unit file list: %s", strerror(-r));
 665                         return r;
 666                 }
 667
 668                 n_units = hashmap_size(h);
 669                 units = new(UnitFileList, n_units);
 670                 if (!units) {
 671                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 672                         log_error("Out of memory");
 673                         return -ENOMEM;
 674                 }
 675
 676                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, h, i) {
 677                         memcpy(units + c++, u, sizeof(UnitFileList));
 678                         free(u);
 679                 }
 680
 681                 hashmap_free(h);
 682         } else {
 683                 assert(bus);
 684
 685                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 686                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 687                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 688                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 689                                 "ListUnitFiles");
 690                 if (!m) {
 691                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 692                         return -ENOMEM;
 693                 }
 694
 695                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
 696                 if (!reply) {
 697                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 698                         r = -EIO;
 699                         goto finish;
 700                 }
 701
 702                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 703                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 704                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 705                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 706                         r = -EIO;
 707                         goto finish;
 708                 }
 709
 710                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 711
 712                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 713                         UnitFileList *u;
 714                         const char *state;
 715
 716                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 717                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 718                                 r = -EIO;
 719                                 goto finish;
 720                         }
 721
 722                         if (c >= n_units) {
 723                                 UnitFileList *w;
 724
 725                                 n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 726                                 w = realloc(units, sizeof(struct UnitFileList) * n_units);
 727
 728                                 if (!w) {
 729                                         log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 730                                         r = -ENOMEM;
 731                                         goto finish;
 732                                 }
 733
 734                                 units = w;
 735                         }
 736
 737                         u = units+c;
 738
 739                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 740
 741                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->path, true) < 0 ||
 742                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, false) < 0) {
 743                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 744                                 r = -EIO;
 745                                 goto finish;
 746                         }
 747
 748                         u->state = unit_file_state_from_string(state);
 749
 750                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 751                         c++;
 752                 }
 753         }
 754
 755         if (c > 0) {
 756                 qsort(units, c, sizeof(UnitFileList), compare_unit_file_list);
 757                 output_unit_file_list(units, c);
 758         }
 759
 760         r = 0;
 761
 762 finish:
 763         if (m)
 764                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 765
 766         if (reply)
 767                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 768
 769         free(units);
 770
 771         dbus_error_free(&error);
 772
 773         return r;
 774 }
 775
 776 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 777         static const char * const colors[] = {
 778                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 779                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 780                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 781                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 782                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 783                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 784                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 785                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 786         };
 787
 788         const char *c = NULL;
 789         unsigned i;
 790
 791         assert(name);
 792         assert(prop);
 793         assert(iter);
 794
 795         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 796                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 797                         c = colors[i+1];
 798                         break;
 799                 }
 800
 801         if (!c)
 802                 return 0;
 803
 804         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 805                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 806                         return 0;
 807
 808         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 809
 810         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 811
 812                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 813                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 814
 815                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 816
 817                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 818                                 const char *s;
 819
 820                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 821                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 822                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 823
 824                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 825                         }
 826
 827                         return 0;
 828                 }
 829         }
 830
 831         return 0;
 832 }
 833
 834 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 835         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 836         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 837         int r;
 838         DBusError error;
 839         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 840
 841         assert(bus);
 842         assert(path);
 843
 844         dbus_error_init(&error);
 845
 846         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 847                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 848                               path,
 849                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 850                               "GetAll"))) {
 851                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 852                 r = -ENOMEM;
 853                 goto finish;
 854         }
 855
 856         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 857                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 858                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 859                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 860                 r = -ENOMEM;
 861                 goto finish;
 862         }
 863
 864         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 865                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 866                 r = -EIO;
 867                 goto finish;
 868         }
 869
 870         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 871             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 872             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 873                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 874                 r = -EIO;
 875                 goto finish;
 876         }
 877
 878         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 879
 880         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 881                 const char *prop;
 882
 883                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 884                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 885                         r = -EIO;
 886                         goto finish;
 887                 }
 888
 889                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 890
 891                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 892                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 893                         r = -EIO;
 894                         goto finish;
 895                 }
 896
 897                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 898                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 899                         r = -EIO;
 900                         goto finish;
 901                 }
 902
 903                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 904
 905                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 906                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 907                         r = -EIO;
 908                         goto finish;
 909                 }
 910
 911                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 912         }
 913
 914         r = 0;
 915
 916 finish:
 917         if (m)
 918                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 919
 920         if (reply)
 921                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 922
 923         dbus_error_free(&error);
 924
 925         return r;
 926 }
 927
 928 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 929         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 930         DBusError error;
 931         int r;
 932         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 933
 934         dbus_error_init(&error);
 935
 936         assert(bus);
 937
 938         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 939                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 940                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 941                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 942                               "ListUnits"))) {
 943                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 944                 return -ENOMEM;
 945         }
 946
 947         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 948                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 949                 r = -EIO;
 950                 goto finish;
 951         }
 952
 953         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 954             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 955             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 956                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 957                 r = -EIO;
 958                 goto finish;
 959         }
 960
 961         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 962
 963         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 964         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 965                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 966
 967                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 968                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 969                         r = -EIO;
 970                         goto finish;
 971                 }
 972
 973                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 974
 975                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 976                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 977                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 978                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 979                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 980                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 981                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 982                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 983                         r = -EIO;
 984                         goto finish;
 985                 }
 986
 987                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 988                         goto finish;
 989
 990                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 991                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 992         }
 993
 994         printf("}\n");
 995
 996         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 997                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 998                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 999                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
1000                  "                 green     = After\n");
1001
1002         if (on_tty())
1003                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
1004                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
1005
1006         r = 0;
1007
1008 finish:
1009         if (m)
1010                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1011
1012         if (reply)
1013                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1014
1015         dbus_error_free(&error);
1016
1017         return r;
1018 }
1019
1020 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1021         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1022         DBusError error;
1023         int r;
1024         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
1025         unsigned k = 0;
1026
1027         dbus_error_init(&error);
1028
1029         assert(bus);
1030
1031         pager_open_if_enabled();
1032
1033         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1034                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1035                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1036                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1037                               "ListJobs"))) {
1038                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1039                 return -ENOMEM;
1040         }
1041
1042         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1043                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1044                 r = -EIO;
1045                 goto finish;
1046         }
1047
1048         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1049             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1050             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
1051                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1052                 r = -EIO;
1053                 goto finish;
1054         }
1055
1056         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1057
1058         if (on_tty())
1059                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
1060
1061         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1062                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
1063                 uint32_t id;
1064                 char *e;
1065
1066                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1067                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1068                         r = -EIO;
1069                         goto finish;
1070                 }
1071
1072                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1073
1074                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
1075                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
1076                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
1077                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
1078                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
1079                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
1080                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1081                         r = -EIO;
1082                         goto finish;
1083                 }
1084
1085                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
1086                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
1087                 free(e);
1088
1089                 k++;
1090
1091                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1092         }
1093
1094         if (on_tty())
1095                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
1096
1097         r = 0;
1098
1099 finish:
1100         if (m)
1101                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1102
1103         if (reply)
1104                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1105
1106         dbus_error_free(&error);
1107
1108         return r;
1109 }
1110
1111 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1112         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1113         DBusError error;
1114         int r;
1115         char **name;
1116
1117         dbus_error_init(&error);
1118
1119         assert(bus);
1120         assert(args);
1121
1122         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1123                 DBusMessage *reply;
1124
1125                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1126                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1127                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1128                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1129                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
1130                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1131                         r = -ENOMEM;
1132                         goto finish;
1133                 }
1134
1135                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1136                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1137                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1138                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1139                         r = -ENOMEM;
1140                         goto finish;
1141                 }
1142
1143                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1144                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1145                         r = -EIO;
1146                         goto finish;
1147                 }
1148
1149                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1150                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1151
1152                 m = reply = NULL;
1153         }
1154
1155         r = 0;
1156
1157 finish:
1158         if (m)
1159                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1160
1161         dbus_error_free(&error);
1162
1163         return r;
1164 }
1165
1166 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1167         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1168         DBusError error;
1169         int r;
1170         char **name;
1171
1172         dbus_error_init(&error);
1173
1174         assert(bus);
1175         assert(args);
1176
1177         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
1178                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1179
1180         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1181                 unsigned id;
1182                 const char *path;
1183
1184                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1185                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1186                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1187                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1188                                       "GetJob"))) {
1189                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1190                         r = -ENOMEM;
1191                         goto finish;
1192                 }
1193
1194                 if ((r = safe_atou(*name, &id)) < 0) {
1195                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
1196                         goto finish;
1197                 }
1198
1199                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
1200                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1201                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1202                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1203                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1204                         r = -ENOMEM;
1205                         goto finish;
1206                 }
1207
1208                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1209                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1210                         r = -EIO;
1211                         goto finish;
1212                 }
1213
1214                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1215                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1216                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1217                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1218                         r = -EIO;
1219                         goto finish;
1220                 }
1221
1222                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1223                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1224                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1225                                       path,
1226                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1227                                       "Cancel"))) {
1228                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1229                         r = -ENOMEM;
1230                         goto finish;
1231                 }
1232
1233                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1234                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1235                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1236                         r = -EIO;
1237                         goto finish;
1238                 }
1239
1240                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1241                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1242                 m = reply = NULL;
1243         }
1244
1245         r = 0;
1246
1247 finish:
1248         if (m)
1249                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1250
1251         if (reply)
1252                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1253
1254         dbus_error_free(&error);
1255
1256         return r;
1257 }
1258
1259 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1260         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1261         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1262         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1263         const char
1264                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1265                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1266                 *path;
1267
1268         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1269
1270         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1271                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1272                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1273                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1274                               "GetUnit")))
1275                 goto finish;
1276
1277         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1278                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1279                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1280                 goto finish;
1281
1282         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1283                 goto finish;
1284
1285         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1286                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1287                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1288                 goto finish;
1289
1290         dbus_message_unref(m);
1291         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1292                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1293                               path,
1294                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1295                               "Get")))
1296                 goto finish;
1297
1298         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1299                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1300                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1301                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1302                 goto finish;
1303         }
1304
1305         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1306         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1307                 goto finish;
1308
1309         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1310             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1311                 goto finish;
1312
1313         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1314
1315         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1316                 goto finish;
1317
1318         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1319
1320 finish:
1321         if (m)
1322                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1323
1324         if (reply)
1325                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1326
1327         return b;
1328 }
1329
1330 typedef struct WaitData {
1331         Set *set;
1332         char *result;
1333 } WaitData;
1334
1335 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1336         DBusError error;
1337         WaitData *d = data;
1338
1339         assert(connection);
1340         assert(message);
1341         assert(d);
1342
1343         dbus_error_init(&error);
1344
1345         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1346                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1347                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1348                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1349
1350         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1351                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1352                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1353
1354         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1355                 uint32_t id;
1356                 const char *path, *result, *unit;
1357                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1358
1359                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1360                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1361                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1362                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1363                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1364                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1365                         char *p;
1366
1367                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1368                         free(p);
1369
1370                         if (*result)
1371                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1372
1373                         goto finish;
1374                 }
1375 #ifndef LEGACY
1376                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1377                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1378                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1379                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1380                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1381                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1382                         char *p;
1383
1384                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1385                          * 183 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1386                          * one day. */
1387                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1388                         free(p);
1389
1390                         if (*result)
1391                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1392
1393                         goto finish;
1394                 }
1395
1396                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1397                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1398                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1399                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1400                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1401                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1402                         char *p;
1403
1404                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1405                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1406                          * one day */
1407
1408                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1409                         free(p);
1410
1411                         if (!success)
1412                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1413
1414                         goto finish;
1415                 }
1416 #endif
1417
1418                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1419         }
1420
1421 finish:
1422         dbus_error_free(&error);
1423         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1424 }
1425
1426 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1427         DBusError error;
1428
1429         assert(bus);
1430
1431         if (private_bus)
1432                 return 0;
1433
1434         dbus_error_init(&error);
1435         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1436                            "type='signal',"
1437                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1438                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1439                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1440                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1441                            &error);
1442
1443         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1444                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1445                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1446                 return -EIO;
1447         }
1448
1449         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1450         return 0;
1451 }
1452
1453 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1454         int r;
1455         WaitData d;
1456
1457         assert(bus);
1458         assert(s);
1459
1460         zero(d);
1461         d.set = s;
1462
1463         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1464                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1465                 r = -ENOMEM;
1466                 goto finish;
1467         }
1468
1469         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1470                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1471                 ;
1472
1473         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1474                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1475                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1476                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1477                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1478                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1479                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system journal for details.");
1480                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1481                         log_error("Job failed. See system journal and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1482         }
1483
1484         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1485                 r = -ETIME;
1486         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1487                 r = -ECANCELED;
1488         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1489                 r = -EIO;
1490         else
1491                 r = 0;
1492
1493         free(d.result);
1494
1495 finish:
1496         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1497
1498         return r;
1499 }
1500
1501 static int start_unit_one(
1502                 DBusConnection *bus,
1503                 const char *method,
1504                 const char *name,
1505                 const char *mode,
1506                 DBusError *error,
1507                 Set *s) {
1508
1509         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1510         const char *path;
1511         int r;
1512
1513         assert(bus);
1514         assert(method);
1515         assert(name);
1516         assert(mode);
1517         assert(error);
1518         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1519
1520         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1521                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1522                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1523                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1524                               method))) {
1525                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1526                 r = -ENOMEM;
1527                 goto finish;
1528         }
1529
1530         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1531                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1532                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1533                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1534                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1535                 r = -ENOMEM;
1536                 goto finish;
1537         }
1538
1539         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1540
1541                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1542                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1543                          * legacy actions. */
1544                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1545                         goto finish;
1546                 }
1547
1548                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1549                 r = -EIO;
1550                 goto finish;
1551         }
1552
1553         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1554                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1555                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1556                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1557                 r = -EIO;
1558                 goto finish;
1559         }
1560
1561         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1562                 log_warning("Warning: Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1563                             arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
1564
1565         if (!arg_no_block) {
1566                 char *p;
1567
1568                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1569                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1570                         r = -ENOMEM;
1571                         goto finish;
1572                 }
1573
1574                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1575                         free(p);
1576                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1577                         goto finish;
1578                 }
1579         }
1580
1581         r = 0;
1582
1583 finish:
1584         if (m)
1585                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1586
1587         if (reply)
1588                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1589
1590         return r;
1591 }
1592
1593 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1594         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1595                 return ACTION_HALT;
1596         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1597                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1598         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1599                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1600         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1601                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1602         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1603                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1604         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1605                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1606         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1607                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1608         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1609                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1610         else if (streq(verb, "suspend"))
1611                 return ACTION_SUSPEND;
1612         else if (streq(verb, "hibernate"))
1613                 return ACTION_HIBERNATE;
1614         else
1615                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1616 }
1617
1618 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1619
1620         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1621                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1622                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1623                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1624                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1625                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1626                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1627                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1628                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1629                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1630                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1631                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1632                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET,
1633                 [ACTION_SUSPEND] = SPECIAL_SUSPEND_TARGET,
1634                 [ACTION_HIBERNATE] = SPECIAL_HIBERNATE_TARGET
1635         };
1636
1637         int r, ret = 0;
1638         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1639         Set *s = NULL;
1640         DBusError error;
1641         char **name;
1642
1643         dbus_error_init(&error);
1644
1645         assert(bus);
1646
1647         ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled();
1648
1649         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1650                 method =
1651                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1652                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1653                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1654                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1655
1656                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1657                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1658
1659                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1660
1661                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1662                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1663
1664                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1665                                                                   "StartUnit";
1666
1667                 mode =
1668                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1669                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1670                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1671
1672                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1673
1674         } else {
1675                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1676                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1677
1678                 method = "StartUnit";
1679
1680                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1681                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1682                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1683                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1684                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1685                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1686
1687                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1688         }
1689
1690         if (!arg_no_block) {
1691                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1692                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1693                         goto finish;
1694                 }
1695
1696                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1697                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1698                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1699                         goto finish;
1700                 }
1701         }
1702
1703         if (one_name) {
1704                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1705                         goto finish;
1706         } else {
1707                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
1708                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, *name, mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1709                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1710                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1711                         }
1712         }
1713
1714         if (!arg_no_block)
1715                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1716                         ret = r;
1717                         goto finish;
1718                 }
1719
1720 finish:
1721         if (s)
1722                 set_free_free(s);
1723
1724         dbus_error_free(&error);
1725
1726         return ret;
1727 }
1728
1729 /* Ask systemd-logind, which might grant access to unprivileged users
1730  * through PolicyKit */
1731 static int reboot_with_logind(DBusConnection *bus, enum action a) {
1732 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
1733         const char *method;
1734         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1735         DBusError error;
1736         dbus_bool_t interactive = true;
1737         int r;
1738
1739         dbus_error_init(&error);
1740
1741         polkit_agent_open_if_enabled();
1742
1743         switch (a) {
1744
1745         case ACTION_REBOOT:
1746                 method = "Reboot";
1747                 break;
1748
1749         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
1750                 method = "PowerOff";
1751                 break;
1752
1753         case ACTION_SUSPEND:
1754                 method = "Suspend";
1755                 break;
1756
1757         case ACTION_HIBERNATE:
1758                 method = "Hibernate";
1759                 break;
1760
1761         default:
1762                 return -EINVAL;
1763         }
1764
1765         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1766                                 "org.freedesktop.login1",
1767                                 "/org/freedesktop/login1",
1768                                 "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
1769                                 method);
1770         if (!m) {
1771                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1772                 r = -ENOMEM;
1773                 goto finish;
1774         }
1775
1776         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1777                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &interactive,
1778                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1779                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1780                 r = -ENOMEM;
1781                 goto finish;
1782         }
1783
1784         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
1785         if (!reply) {
1786                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
1787                         log_debug("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1788                         r = -ENOENT;
1789                         goto finish;
1790                 }
1791
1792                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
1793                         log_debug("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1794                         r = -EACCES;
1795                         goto finish;
1796                 }
1797
1798                 log_info("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1799                 r = -EIO;
1800                 goto finish;
1801         }
1802
1803         r = 0;
1804
1805 finish:
1806         if (m)
1807                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1808
1809         if (reply)
1810                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1811
1812         dbus_error_free(&error);
1813
1814         return r;
1815 #else
1816         return -ENOSYS;
1817 #endif
1818 }
1819
1820 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1821         enum action a;
1822         int r;
1823
1824         assert(args);
1825
1826         a = verb_to_action(args[0]);
1827
1828         if (arg_force >= 2 && geteuid() != 0) {
1829                 log_error("Must be root.");
1830                 return -EPERM;
1831         }
1832
1833         if (arg_force >= 2 &&
1834             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1835              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1836              a == ACTION_REBOOT))
1837                 halt_now(a);
1838
1839         if (arg_force >= 1 &&
1840             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1841              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1842              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1843              a == ACTION_KEXEC ||
1844              a == ACTION_EXIT))
1845                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1846
1847         /* first try logind, to allow authentication with polkit */
1848         if (geteuid() != 0 &&
1849             (a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1850              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1851              a == ACTION_SUSPEND ||
1852              a == ACTION_HIBERNATE)) {
1853                 r = reboot_with_logind(bus, a);
1854                 if (r >= 0)
1855                         return r;
1856         }
1857
1858         r = start_unit(bus, args);
1859         if (r >= 0)
1860                 warn_wall(a);
1861
1862         return r;
1863 }
1864
1865 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1866         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1867         const char
1868                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1869                 *property = "ActiveState";
1870         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1871         DBusError error;
1872         char **name;
1873
1874         assert(bus);
1875         assert(args);
1876
1877         dbus_error_init(&error);
1878
1879         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1880                 const char *path = NULL;
1881                 const char *state;
1882                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1883
1884                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1885                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1886                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1887                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1888                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1889                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1890                         r = -ENOMEM;
1891                         goto finish;
1892                 }
1893
1894                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1895                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1896                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1897                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1898                         r = -ENOMEM;
1899                         goto finish;
1900                 }
1901
1902                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1903
1904                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1905                         if (!arg_quiet)
1906                                 puts("unknown");
1907
1908                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1909                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1910                         m = NULL;
1911                         continue;
1912                 }
1913
1914                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1915                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1916                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1917                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1918                         r = -EIO;
1919                         goto finish;
1920                 }
1921
1922                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1923                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1924                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1925                                       path,
1926                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1927                                       "Get"))) {
1928                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1929                         r = -ENOMEM;
1930                         goto finish;
1931                 }
1932
1933                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1934                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1935                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1936                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1937                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1938                         r = -ENOMEM;
1939                         goto finish;
1940                 }
1941
1942                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1943                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1944                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1945                         r = -EIO;
1946                         goto finish;
1947                 }
1948
1949                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1950                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1951                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1952                         r = -EIO;
1953                         goto finish;
1954                 }
1955
1956                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1957
1958                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1959                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1960                         r = -EIO;
1961                         goto finish;
1962                 }
1963
1964                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1965
1966                 if (!arg_quiet)
1967                         puts(state);
1968
1969                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1970                         r = 0;
1971
1972                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1973                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1974                 m = reply = NULL;
1975         }
1976
1977 finish:
1978         if (m)
1979                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1980
1981         if (reply)
1982                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1983
1984         dbus_error_free(&error);
1985
1986         return r;
1987 }
1988
1989 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1990         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1991         int r = 0;
1992         DBusError error;
1993         char **name;
1994
1995         assert(bus);
1996         assert(args);
1997
1998         dbus_error_init(&error);
1999
2000         if (!arg_kill_who)
2001                 arg_kill_who = "all";
2002
2003         if (!arg_kill_mode)
2004                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
2005
2006         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
2007                 DBusMessage *reply;
2008
2009                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2010                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2011                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2012                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2013                                       "KillUnit"))) {
2014                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2015                         r = -ENOMEM;
2016                         goto finish;
2017                 }
2018
2019                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2020                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
2021                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
2022                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
2023                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
2024                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2025                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2026                         r = -ENOMEM;
2027                         goto finish;
2028                 }
2029
2030                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2031                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2032                         dbus_error_free(&error);
2033                         r = -EIO;
2034                 }
2035
2036                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2037
2038                 if (reply)
2039                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2040                 m = reply = NULL;
2041         }
2042
2043 finish:
2044         if (m)
2045                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2046
2047         dbus_error_free(&error);
2048
2049         return r;
2050 }
2051
2052 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
2053         char *name;
2054
2055         char *path;
2056         char **argv;
2057
2058         bool ignore;
2059
2060         usec_t start_timestamp;
2061         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2062         pid_t pid;
2063         int code;
2064         int status;
2065
2066         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2067 } ExecStatusInfo;
2068
2069 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2070         assert(i);
2071
2072         free(i->name);
2073         free(i->path);
2074         strv_free(i->argv);
2075         free(i);
2076 }
2077
2078 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2079         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2080         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
2081         const char*path;
2082         unsigned n;
2083         uint32_t pid;
2084         int32_t code, status;
2085         dbus_bool_t ignore;
2086
2087         assert(i);
2088         assert(i);
2089
2090         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
2091                 return -EIO;
2092
2093         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
2094
2095         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
2096                 return -EIO;
2097
2098         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
2099                 return -ENOMEM;
2100
2101         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2102             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
2103                 return -EIO;
2104
2105         n = 0;
2106         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2107         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2108                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2109                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2110                 n++;
2111         }
2112
2113
2114         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
2115                 return -ENOMEM;
2116
2117         n = 0;
2118         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2119         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2120                 const char *s;
2121
2122                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2123                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
2124                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2125
2126                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
2127                         return -ENOMEM;
2128         }
2129
2130         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
2131             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
2132             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2133             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2134             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2135             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2136             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
2137             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
2138             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
2139                 return -EIO;
2140
2141         i->ignore = ignore;
2142         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
2143         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
2144         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
2145         i->code = code;
2146         i->status = status;
2147
2148         return 0;
2149 }
2150
2151 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
2152         const char *id;
2153         const char *load_state;
2154         const char *active_state;
2155         const char *sub_state;
2156         const char *unit_file_state;
2157
2158         const char *description;
2159         const char *following;
2160
2161         const char *path;
2162         const char *default_control_group;
2163
2164         const char *load_error;
2165         const char *result;
2166
2167         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
2168         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2169         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
2170         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
2171         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
2172
2173         bool need_daemon_reload;
2174
2175         /* Service */
2176         pid_t main_pid;
2177         pid_t control_pid;
2178         const char *status_text;
2179         bool running:1;
2180 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2181         bool is_sysv:1;
2182 #endif
2183
2184         usec_t start_timestamp;
2185         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2186
2187         int exit_code, exit_status;
2188
2189         usec_t condition_timestamp;
2190         bool condition_result;
2191
2192         /* Socket */
2193         unsigned n_accepted;
2194         unsigned n_connections;
2195         bool accept;
2196
2197         /* Device */
2198         const char *sysfs_path;
2199
2200         /* Mount, Automount */
2201         const char *where;
2202
2203         /* Swap */
2204         const char *what;
2205
2206         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2207 } UnitStatusInfo;
2208
2209 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2210         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2211         const char *on, *off, *ss;
2212         usec_t timestamp;
2213         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
2214         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
2215
2216         assert(i);
2217
2218         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
2219          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
2220
2221         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
2222
2223         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
2224                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
2225
2226         printf("\n");
2227
2228         if (i->following)
2229                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
2230
2231         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "error")) {
2232                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2233                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2234         } else
2235                 on = off = "";
2236
2237         if (i->load_error)
2238                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (Reason: %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->load_error);
2239         else if (i->path && i->unit_file_state)
2240                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s; %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path, i->unit_file_state);
2241         else if (i->path)
2242                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
2243         else
2244                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
2245
2246         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
2247
2248         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
2249                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2250                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2251         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
2252                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
2253                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
2254         } else
2255                 on = off = "";
2256
2257         if (ss)
2258                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
2259                        on,
2260                        strna(i->active_state),
2261                        ss,
2262                        off);
2263         else
2264                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
2265                        on,
2266                        strna(i->active_state),
2267                        off);
2268
2269         if (!isempty(i->result) && !streq(i->result, "success"))
2270                 printf(" (Result: %s)", i->result);
2271
2272         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
2273                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
2274                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
2275                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
2276                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
2277                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
2278
2279         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
2280         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
2281
2282         if (s1)
2283                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2284         else if (s2)
2285                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
2286         else
2287                 printf("\n");
2288
2289         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
2290                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
2291                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
2292
2293                 if (s1)
2294                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2295                 else if (s2)
2296                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
2297         }
2298
2299         if (i->sysfs_path)
2300                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
2301         if (i->where)
2302                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
2303         if (i->what)
2304                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
2305
2306         if (i->accept)
2307                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
2308
2309         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
2310                 char *t;
2311                 bool good;
2312
2313                 /* Only show exited processes here */
2314                 if (p->code == 0)
2315                         continue;
2316
2317                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
2318                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
2319                 free(t);
2320
2321 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2322                 if (i->is_sysv)
2323                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
2324                 else
2325 #endif
2326                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
2327
2328                 if (!good) {
2329                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2330                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2331                 } else
2332                         on = off = "";
2333
2334                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
2335
2336                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
2337                         const char *c;
2338
2339                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
2340
2341 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2342                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2343 #else
2344                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2345 #endif
2346                                 printf("/%s", c);
2347
2348                 } else
2349                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
2350
2351                 printf(")%s\n", off);
2352
2353                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2354                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2355                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2356                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2357                         i->main_pid = 0;
2358
2359                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2360                         i->control_pid = 0;
2361         }
2362
2363         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2364                 printf("\t");
2365
2366                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2367                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2368
2369                         if (i->running) {
2370                                 char *t = NULL;
2371                                 get_process_comm(i->main_pid, &t);
2372                                 if (t) {
2373                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2374                                         free(t);
2375                                 }
2376                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2377                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2378
2379                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2380                                         const char *c;
2381
2382                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2383
2384 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2385                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2386 #else
2387                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2388 #endif
2389                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2390
2391                                 } else
2392                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2393                                 printf(")");
2394                         }
2395                 }
2396
2397                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2398                         printf(";");
2399
2400                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2401                         char *t = NULL;
2402
2403                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2404
2405                         get_process_comm(i->control_pid, &t);
2406                         if (t) {
2407                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2408                                 free(t);
2409                         }
2410                 }
2411
2412                 printf("\n");
2413         }
2414
2415         if (i->status_text)
2416                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2417
2418         if (i->default_control_group) {
2419                 unsigned c;
2420
2421                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2422
2423                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2424                         unsigned k = 0;
2425                         pid_t extra[2];
2426
2427                         c = columns();
2428                         if (c > 18)
2429                                 c -= 18;
2430                         else
2431                                 c = 0;
2432
2433                         if (i->main_pid > 0)
2434                                 extra[k++] = i->main_pid;
2435
2436                         if (i->control_pid > 0)
2437                                 extra[k++] = i->control_pid;
2438
2439                         show_cgroup_and_extra_by_spec(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c, false, arg_all, extra, k);
2440                 }
2441         }
2442
2443         if (i->id && arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2444                 printf("\n");
2445                 show_journal_by_unit(i->id, arg_output, 0, i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic, arg_lines, arg_all, arg_follow);
2446         }
2447
2448         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2449                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2450                        ansi_highlight_red(true),
2451                        ansi_highlight_red(false),
2452                        arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
2453 }
2454
2455 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2456
2457         assert(name);
2458         assert(iter);
2459         assert(i);
2460
2461         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2462
2463         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2464                 const char *s;
2465
2466                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2467
2468                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2469                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2470                                 i->id = s;
2471                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2472                                 i->load_state = s;
2473                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2474                                 i->active_state = s;
2475                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2476                                 i->sub_state = s;
2477                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2478                                 i->description = s;
2479                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2480                                 i->path = s;
2481 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2482                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2483                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2484                                 i->path = s;
2485                         }
2486 #endif
2487                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2488                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2489                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2490                                 i->status_text = s;
2491                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2492                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2493                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2494                                 i->where = s;
2495                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2496                                 i->what = s;
2497                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2498                                 i->following = s;
2499                         else if (streq(name, "UnitFileState"))
2500                                 i->unit_file_state = s;
2501                         else if (streq(name, "Result"))
2502                                 i->result = s;
2503                 }
2504
2505                 break;
2506         }
2507
2508         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2509                 dbus_bool_t b;
2510
2511                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2512
2513                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2514                         i->accept = b;
2515                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2516                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2517                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2518                         i->condition_result = b;
2519
2520                 break;
2521         }
2522
2523         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2524                 uint32_t u;
2525
2526                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2527
2528                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2529                         if (u > 0) {
2530                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2531                                 i->running = true;
2532                         }
2533                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2534                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2535                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2536                         if (u > 0)
2537                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2538                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2539                         i->n_accepted = u;
2540                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2541                         i->n_connections = u;
2542
2543                 break;
2544         }
2545
2546         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2547                 int32_t j;
2548
2549                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2550
2551                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2552                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2553                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2554                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2555
2556                 break;
2557         }
2558
2559         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2560                 uint64_t u;
2561
2562                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2563
2564                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2565                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2566                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2567                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2568                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2569                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2570                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2571                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2572                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2573                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2574                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic"))
2575                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic = (usec_t) u;
2576                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2577                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2578                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2579                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2580
2581                 break;
2582         }
2583
2584         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2585
2586                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2587                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2588                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2589
2590                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2591                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2592                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2593                                 int r;
2594
2595                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2596                                         return -ENOMEM;
2597
2598                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2599                                         free(info);
2600                                         return -ENOMEM;
2601                                 }
2602
2603                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2604                                         free(info);
2605                                         return r;
2606                                 }
2607
2608                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2609
2610                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2611                         }
2612                 }
2613
2614                 break;
2615         }
2616
2617         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2618
2619                 if (streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2620                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2621                         const char *n, *message;
2622                         int r;
2623
2624                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2625
2626                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n, true);
2627                         if (r < 0)
2628                                 return r;
2629
2630                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &message, false);
2631                         if (r < 0)
2632                                 return r;
2633
2634                         if (!isempty(message))
2635                                 i->load_error = message;
2636                 }
2637
2638                 break;
2639         }
2640         }
2641
2642         return 0;
2643 }
2644
2645 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2646         assert(name);
2647         assert(iter);
2648
2649         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2650          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2651
2652         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2653                 return 0;
2654
2655         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2656
2657         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2658                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2659                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2660
2661                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2662                         uint32_t u;
2663
2664                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2665
2666                         if (u)
2667                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2668                         else if (arg_all)
2669                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2670
2671                         return 0;
2672                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2673                         const char *s;
2674
2675                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2676
2677                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2678                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2679
2680                         return 0;
2681                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2682                         const char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
2683
2684                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &a, true) >= 0)
2685                                 bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &b, false);
2686
2687                         if (arg_all || !isempty(a) || !isempty(b))
2688                                 printf("%s=%s \"%s\"\n", name, strempty(a), strempty(b));
2689
2690                         return 0;
2691                 }
2692
2693                 break;
2694         }
2695
2696         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2697
2698                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2699                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2700
2701                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2702                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2703                                 const char *path;
2704                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2705
2706                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2707
2708                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2709                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2710                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore_errors=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2711
2712                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2713                         }
2714
2715                         return 0;
2716
2717                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2718                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2719
2720                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2721                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2722                                 const char *type, *path;
2723
2724                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2725
2726                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2727                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2728                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2729
2730                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2731                         }
2732
2733                         return 0;
2734
2735                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2736                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2737
2738                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2739                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2740                                 const char *base;
2741                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2742
2743                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2744
2745                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2746                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2747                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2748                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2749
2750                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2751                                                base,
2752                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2753                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2754                                 }
2755
2756                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2757                         }
2758
2759                         return 0;
2760
2761                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "ControlGroupAttributes")) {
2762                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2763
2764                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2765                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2766                                 const char *controller, *attr, *value;
2767
2768                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2769
2770                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &controller, true) >= 0 &&
2771                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &attr, true) >= 0 &&
2772                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &value, false) >= 0) {
2773
2774                                         printf("ControlGroupAttribute={ controller=%s ; attribute=%s ; value=\"%s\" }\n",
2775                                                controller,
2776                                                attr,
2777                                                value);
2778                                 }
2779
2780                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2781                         }
2782
2783                         return 0;
2784
2785                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2786                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2787
2788                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2789                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2790                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2791
2792                                 zero(info);
2793                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2794                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2795                                         char *t;
2796
2797                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2798
2799                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore_errors=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2800                                                name,
2801                                                strna(info.path),
2802                                                strna(t),
2803                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2804                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2805                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2806                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2807                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2808                                                info.status,
2809                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2810                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2811
2812                                         free(t);
2813                                 }
2814
2815                                 free(info.path);
2816                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2817
2818                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2819                         }
2820
2821                         return 0;
2822                 }
2823
2824                 break;
2825         }
2826
2827         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
2828                 return 0;
2829
2830         if (arg_all)
2831                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2832
2833         return 0;
2834 }
2835
2836 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2837         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2838         const char *interface = "";
2839         int r;
2840         DBusError error;
2841         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2842         UnitStatusInfo info;
2843         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2844
2845         assert(bus);
2846         assert(path);
2847         assert(new_line);
2848
2849         zero(info);
2850         dbus_error_init(&error);
2851
2852         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2853                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2854                               path,
2855                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2856                               "GetAll"))) {
2857                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2858                 r = -ENOMEM;
2859                 goto finish;
2860         }
2861
2862         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2863                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2864                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2865                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2866                 r = -ENOMEM;
2867                 goto finish;
2868         }
2869
2870         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2871                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2872                 r = -EIO;
2873                 goto finish;
2874         }
2875
2876         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2877             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2878             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2879                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2880                 r = -EIO;
2881                 goto finish;
2882         }
2883
2884         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2885
2886         if (*new_line)
2887                 printf("\n");
2888
2889         *new_line = true;
2890
2891         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2892                 const char *name;
2893
2894                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2895                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2896                         r = -EIO;
2897                         goto finish;
2898                 }
2899
2900                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2901
2902                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2903                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2904                         r = -EIO;
2905                         goto finish;
2906                 }
2907
2908                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2909                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2910                         r = -EIO;
2911                         goto finish;
2912                 }
2913
2914                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2915
2916                 if (show_properties)
2917                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2918                 else
2919                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2920
2921                 if (r < 0) {
2922                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2923                         r = -EIO;
2924                         goto finish;
2925                 }
2926
2927                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2928         }
2929
2930         r = 0;
2931
2932         if (!show_properties)
2933                 print_status_info(&info);
2934
2935         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2936             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2937             streq(verb, "status"))
2938                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2939                 r = 3;
2940
2941         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2942                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2943                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2944         }
2945
2946 finish:
2947         if (m)
2948                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2949
2950         if (reply)
2951                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2952
2953         dbus_error_free(&error);
2954
2955         return r;
2956 }
2957
2958 static int show_one_by_pid(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, uint32_t pid, bool *new_line) {
2959         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2960         const char *path = NULL;
2961         DBusError error;
2962         int r;
2963
2964         dbus_error_init(&error);
2965
2966         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2967                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2968                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2969                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2970                               "GetUnitByPID");
2971         if (!m) {
2972                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2973                 r = -ENOMEM;
2974                 goto finish;
2975         }
2976
2977         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2978                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid,
2979                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2980                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2981                 r = -ENOMEM;
2982                 goto finish;
2983         }
2984
2985         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
2986         if (!reply) {
2987                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2988                 r = -EIO;
2989                 goto finish;
2990         }
2991
2992         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2993                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2994                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2995                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2996                 r = -EIO;
2997                 goto finish;
2998         }
2999
3000         r = show_one(verb, bus, path, false, new_line);
3001
3002 finish:
3003         if (m)
3004                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3005
3006         if (reply)
3007                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3008
3009         dbus_error_free(&error);
3010
3011         return r;
3012 }
3013
3014 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3015         int r, ret = 0;
3016         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
3017         char **name;
3018
3019         assert(bus);
3020         assert(args);
3021
3022         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
3023
3024         if (show_properties)
3025                 pager_open_if_enabled();
3026
3027         if (show_properties && strv_length(args) <= 1) {
3028                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
3029                  * itself */
3030
3031                 return show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
3032         }
3033
3034         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3035                 uint32_t id;
3036
3037                 if (safe_atou32(*name, &id) < 0) {
3038
3039                         /* Interpret as unit name */
3040
3041                         char *e, *p;
3042                         e = bus_path_escape(*name);
3043                         if (!e)
3044                                 return -ENOMEM;
3045                         p = strappend("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/", e);
3046                         free(e);
3047                         if (!p)
3048                                 return -ENOMEM;
3049
3050                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
3051                         free(p);
3052
3053                         if (r != 0)
3054                                 ret = r;
3055
3056                 } else if (show_properties) {
3057
3058                         /* Interpret as job id */
3059
3060                         char *p;
3061                         if (asprintf(&p, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/%u", id) < 0)
3062                                 return -ENOMEM;
3063
3064                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
3065                         free(p);
3066
3067                         if (r != 0)
3068                                 ret = r;
3069
3070                 } else {
3071
3072                         /* Interpret as PID */
3073
3074                         r = show_one_by_pid(args[0], bus, id, &new_line);
3075                         if (r != 0)
3076                                 ret = r;
3077                 }
3078         }
3079
3080         return ret;
3081 }
3082
3083 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3084         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3085         DBusError error;
3086         int r;
3087         const char *text;
3088
3089         dbus_error_init(&error);
3090
3091         pager_open_if_enabled();
3092
3093         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3094                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3095                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3096                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3097                               "Dump"))) {
3098                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3099                 return -ENOMEM;
3100         }
3101
3102         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3103                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3104                 r = -EIO;
3105                 goto finish;
3106         }
3107
3108         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3109                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3110                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3111                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3112                 r = -EIO;
3113                 goto finish;
3114         }
3115
3116         fputs(text, stdout);
3117
3118         r = 0;
3119
3120 finish:
3121         if (m)
3122                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3123
3124         if (reply)
3125                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3126
3127         dbus_error_free(&error);
3128
3129         return r;
3130 }
3131
3132 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3133         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3134         DBusError error;
3135         int r;
3136         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
3137         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3138         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3139         const char
3140                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3141                 *property = "Id";
3142
3143         dbus_error_init(&error);
3144
3145         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3146                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3147                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3148                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3149                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
3150                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3151                 return -ENOMEM;
3152         }
3153
3154         if (strv_length(args) > 1)
3155                 name = args[1];
3156
3157         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3158                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
3159                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3160                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3161                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3162                 r = -ENOMEM;
3163                 goto finish;
3164         }
3165
3166         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3167                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3168                 r = -EIO;
3169                 goto finish;
3170         }
3171
3172         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3173                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3174                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3175                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3176                 r = -EIO;
3177                 goto finish;
3178         }
3179
3180         dbus_message_unref(m);
3181         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3182                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3183                               path,
3184                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3185                               "Get"))) {
3186                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3187                 return -ENOMEM;
3188         }
3189
3190         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3191                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3192                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3193                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3194                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3195                 r = -ENOMEM;
3196                 goto finish;
3197         }
3198
3199         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3200         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3201                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3202                 r = -EIO;
3203                 goto finish;
3204         }
3205
3206         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3207             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3208                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3209                 r = -EIO;
3210                 goto finish;
3211         }
3212
3213         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3214
3215         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3216                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3217                 r = -EIO;
3218                 goto finish;
3219         }
3220
3221         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3222
3223         if (!arg_quiet)
3224                 puts(id);
3225         r = 0;
3226
3227 finish:
3228         if (m)
3229                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3230
3231         if (reply)
3232                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3233
3234         dbus_error_free(&error);
3235
3236         return r;
3237 }
3238
3239 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3240         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3241         int r;
3242         DBusError error;
3243         char **name;
3244
3245         assert(bus);
3246         assert(args);
3247
3248         dbus_error_init(&error);
3249
3250         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3251                 const char *path = NULL;
3252
3253                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3254                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3255                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3256                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3257                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3258                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3259                         r = -ENOMEM;
3260                         goto finish;
3261                 }
3262
3263                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3264                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3265                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3266                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3267                         r = -ENOMEM;
3268                         goto finish;
3269                 }
3270
3271                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3272                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3273                         r = -EIO;
3274                         goto finish;
3275                 }
3276
3277                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3278                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3279                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3280                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3281                         r = -EIO;
3282                         goto finish;
3283                 }
3284
3285                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3286                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3287                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3288                                       path,
3289                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3290                                       "Remove"))) {
3291                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3292                         r = -ENOMEM;
3293                         goto finish;
3294                 }
3295
3296                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3297                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3298                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3299                         r = -EIO;
3300                         goto finish;
3301                 }
3302
3303                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3304                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3305                 m = reply = NULL;
3306         }
3307
3308         r = 0;
3309
3310 finish:
3311         if (m)
3312                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3313
3314         if (reply)
3315                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3316
3317         dbus_error_free(&error);
3318
3319         return r;
3320 }
3321
3322 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3323         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3324         DBusError error;
3325         int r;
3326         const char *method;
3327
3328         dbus_error_init(&error);
3329
3330         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3331                 method = "Reload";
3332         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3333                 method = "Reexecute";
3334         else {
3335                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3336
3337                 method =
3338                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3339                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3340                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3341                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3342                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3343                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3344                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3345                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3346                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3347                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3348         }
3349
3350         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3351                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3352                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3353                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3354                               method))) {
3355                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3356                 return -ENOMEM;
3357         }
3358
3359         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3360
3361                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3362                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3363                          * legacy actions. */
3364                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3365                         goto finish;
3366                 }
3367
3368                 if (streq(method, "Reexecute") && dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY)) {
3369                         /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3370                          * a reply */
3371                         r = 0;
3372                         goto finish;
3373                 }
3374
3375                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3376                 r = -EIO;
3377                 goto finish;
3378         }
3379
3380         r = 0;
3381
3382 finish:
3383         if (m)
3384                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3385
3386         if (reply)
3387                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3388
3389         dbus_error_free(&error);
3390
3391         return r;
3392 }
3393
3394 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3395         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
3396         int r;
3397         DBusError error;
3398         char **name;
3399
3400         assert(bus);
3401         dbus_error_init(&error);
3402
3403         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
3404                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
3405
3406         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3407                 DBusMessage *reply;
3408
3409                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3410                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3411                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3412                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3413                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3414                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3415                         r = -ENOMEM;
3416                         goto finish;
3417                 }
3418
3419                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3420                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3421                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3422                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3423                         r = -ENOMEM;
3424                         goto finish;
3425                 }
3426
3427                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3428                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3429                         r = -EIO;
3430                         goto finish;
3431                 }
3432
3433                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3434                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3435                 m = reply = NULL;
3436         }
3437
3438         r = 0;
3439
3440 finish:
3441         if (m)
3442                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3443
3444         dbus_error_free(&error);
3445
3446         return r;
3447 }
3448
3449 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3450         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3451         DBusError error;
3452         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3453         int r;
3454         const char
3455                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3456                 *property = "Environment";
3457
3458         dbus_error_init(&error);
3459
3460         pager_open_if_enabled();
3461
3462         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3463                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3464                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3465                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3466                               "Get"))) {
3467                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3468                 return -ENOMEM;
3469         }
3470
3471         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3472                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3473                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3474                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3475                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3476                 r = -ENOMEM;
3477                 goto finish;
3478         }
3479
3480         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3481                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3482                 r = -EIO;
3483                 goto finish;
3484         }
3485
3486         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3487             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3488                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3489                 r = -EIO;
3490                 goto finish;
3491         }
3492
3493         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3494
3495         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3496             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3497                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3498                 r = -EIO;
3499                 goto finish;
3500         }
3501
3502         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3503
3504         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3505                 const char *text;
3506
3507                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3508                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3509                         r = -EIO;
3510                         goto finish;
3511                 }
3512
3513                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3514                 printf("%s\n", text);
3515
3516                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3517         }
3518
3519         r = 0;
3520
3521 finish:
3522         if (m)
3523                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3524
3525         if (reply)
3526                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3527
3528         dbus_error_free(&error);
3529
3530         return r;
3531 }
3532
3533 static int switch_root(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3534         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3535         unsigned l;
3536         const char *root, *init;
3537         DBusError error;
3538         int r;
3539
3540         dbus_error_init(&error);
3541
3542         l = strv_length(args);
3543         if (l < 2 || l > 3) {
3544                 log_error("Wrong number of arguments.");
3545                 return -EINVAL;
3546         }
3547
3548         root = args[1];
3549         init = l >= 3 ? args[2] : "";
3550
3551         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3552                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3553                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3554                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3555                         "SwitchRoot");
3556         if (!m) {
3557                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3558                 return -ENOMEM;
3559         }
3560
3561         if (!dbus_message_append_args(
3562                             m,
3563                             DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &root,
3564                             DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &init,
3565                             DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3566                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3567                 r = -ENOMEM;
3568                 goto finish;
3569         }
3570
3571         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3572         if (!reply) {
3573                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3574                 r = -EIO;
3575                 goto finish;
3576         }
3577
3578         r = 0;
3579
3580 finish:
3581         if (m)
3582                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3583
3584         if (reply)
3585                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3586
3587         dbus_error_free(&error);
3588
3589         return r;
3590 }
3591
3592 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3593         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3594         DBusError error;
3595         int r;
3596         const char *method;
3597         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3598         char **name;
3599
3600         dbus_error_init(&error);
3601
3602         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3603                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3604                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3605
3606         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3607                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3608                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3609                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3610                               method))) {
3611
3612                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3613                 return -ENOMEM;
3614         }
3615
3616         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3617
3618         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3619                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3620                 r = -ENOMEM;
3621                 goto finish;
3622         }
3623
3624         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
3625                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name)) {
3626                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3627                         r = -ENOMEM;
3628                         goto finish;
3629                 }
3630
3631         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3632                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3633                 r = -ENOMEM;
3634                 goto finish;
3635         }
3636
3637         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3638                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3639                 r = -EIO;
3640                 goto finish;
3641         }
3642
3643         r = 0;
3644
3645 finish:
3646         if (m)
3647                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3648
3649         if (reply)
3650                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3651
3652         dbus_error_free(&error);
3653
3654         return r;
3655 }
3656
3657 static int enable_sysv_units(char **args) {
3658         int r = 0;
3659
3660 #if defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT) && (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA) || defined(TARGET_SUSE) || defined(TARGET_MEEGO) || defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX) || defined(TARGET_MAGEIA))
3661         const char *verb = args[0];
3662         unsigned f = 1, t = 1;
3663         LookupPaths paths;
3664
3665         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
3666                 return 0;
3667
3668         if (!streq(verb, "enable") &&
3669             !streq(verb, "disable") &&
3670             !streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3671                 return 0;
3672
3673         /* Processes all SysV units, and reshuffles the array so that
3674          * afterwards only the native units remain */
3675
3676         zero(paths);
3677         r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, MANAGER_SYSTEM, false);
3678         if (r < 0)
3679                 return r;
3680
3681         r = 0;
3682
3683         for (f = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3684                 const char *name;
3685                 char *p;
3686                 bool found_native = false, found_sysv;
3687                 unsigned c = 1;
3688                 const char *argv[6] = { "/sbin/chkconfig", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
3689                 char **k, *l, *q = NULL;
3690                 int j;
3691                 pid_t pid;
3692                 siginfo_t status;
3693
3694                 name = args[f];
3695
3696                 if (!endswith(name, ".service"))
3697                         continue;
3698
3699                 if (path_is_absolute(name))
3700                         continue;
3701
3702                 STRV_FOREACH(k, paths.unit_path) {
3703                         p = NULL;
3704
3705                         if (!isempty(arg_root))
3706                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s/%s", arg_root, *k, name);
3707                         else
3708                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", *k, name);
3709
3710                         if (!p) {
3711                                 log_error("No memory");
3712                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3713                                 goto finish;
3714                         }
3715
3716                         found_native = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3717                         free(p);
3718
3719                         if (found_native)
3720                                 break;
3721                 }
3722
3723                 if (found_native)
3724                         continue;
3725
3726                 p = NULL;
3727                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3728                         asprintf(&p, "%s/" SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", arg_root, name);
3729                 else
3730                         asprintf(&p, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", name);
3731                 if (!p) {
3732                         log_error("No memory");
3733                         r = -ENOMEM;
3734                         goto finish;
3735                 }
3736
3737                 p[strlen(p) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3738                 found_sysv = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3739
3740                 if (!found_sysv) {
3741                         free(p);
3742                         continue;
3743                 }
3744
3745                 /* Mark this entry, so that we don't try enabling it as native unit */
3746                 args[f] = (char*) "";
3747
3748                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", name);
3749
3750                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3751                         argv[c++] = q = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
3752
3753                 argv[c++] = path_get_file_name(p);
3754                 argv[c++] =
3755                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3756                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
3757                 argv[c] = NULL;
3758
3759                 l = strv_join((char**)argv, " ");
3760                 if (!l) {
3761                         log_error("No memory.");
3762                         free(q);
3763                         free(p);
3764                         r = -ENOMEM;
3765                         goto finish;
3766                 }
3767
3768                 log_info("Executing %s", l);
3769                 free(l);
3770
3771                 pid = fork();
3772                 if (pid < 0) {
3773                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3774                         free(p);
3775                         free(q);
3776                         r = -errno;
3777                         goto finish;
3778                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3779                         /* Child */
3780
3781                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3782                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3783                 }
3784
3785                 free(p);
3786                 free(q);
3787
3788                 j = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3789                 if (j < 0) {
3790                         log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
3791                         r = j;
3792                         goto finish;
3793                 }
3794
3795                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3796                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3797                                 if (status.si_status == 0) {
3798                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3799                                                 puts("enabled");
3800                                         r = 1;
3801                                 } else {
3802                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3803                                                 puts("disabled");
3804                                 }
3805
3806                         } else if (status.si_status != 0) {
3807                                 r = -EINVAL;
3808                                 goto finish;
3809                         }
3810                 } else {
3811                         r = -EPROTO;
3812                         goto finish;
3813                 }
3814         }
3815
3816 finish:
3817         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3818
3819         /* Drop all SysV units */
3820         for (f = 1, t = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3821
3822                 if (isempty(args[f]))
3823                         continue;
3824
3825                 args[t++] = args[f];
3826         }
3827
3828         args[t] = NULL;
3829
3830 #endif
3831         return r;
3832 }
3833
3834 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3835         const char *verb = args[0];
3836         UnitFileChange *changes = NULL;
3837         unsigned n_changes = 0, i;
3838         int carries_install_info = -1;
3839         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3840         int r;
3841         DBusError error;
3842
3843         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3844         if (r < 0)
3845                 return r;
3846
3847         if (!args[1])
3848                 return 0;
3849
3850         dbus_error_init(&error);
3851
3852         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3853                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3854                         r = unit_file_enable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3855                         carries_install_info = r;
3856                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3857                         r = unit_file_disable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3858                 else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3859                         r = unit_file_reenable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3860                         carries_install_info = r;
3861                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3862                         r = unit_file_link(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3863                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3864                         r = unit_file_preset(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3865                         carries_install_info = r;
3866                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3867                         r = unit_file_mask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3868                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask"))
3869                         r = unit_file_unmask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3870                 else
3871                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3872
3873                 if (r < 0) {
3874                         log_error("Operation failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3875                         goto finish;
3876                 }
3877
3878                 if (!arg_quiet) {
3879                         for (i = 0; i < n_changes; i++) {
3880                                 if (changes[i].type == UNIT_FILE_SYMLINK)
3881                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", changes[i].source, changes[i].path);
3882                                 else
3883                                         log_info("rm '%s'", changes[i].path);
3884                         }
3885                 }
3886
3887         } else {
3888                 const char *method;
3889                 bool send_force = true, expect_carries_install_info = false;
3890                 dbus_bool_t a, b;
3891                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3892
3893                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3894                         method = "EnableUnitFiles";
3895                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3896                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3897                         method = "DisableUnitFiles";
3898                         send_force = false;
3899                 } else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3900                         method = "ReenableUnitFiles";
3901                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3902                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3903                         method = "LinkUnitFiles";
3904                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3905                         method = "PresetUnitFiles";
3906                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3907                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3908                         method = "MaskUnitFiles";
3909                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask")) {
3910                         method = "UnmaskUnitFiles";
3911                         send_force = false;
3912                 } else
3913                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3914
3915                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3916                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3917                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3918                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3919                                 method);
3920                 if (!m) {
3921                         log_error("Out of memory");
3922                         r = -ENOMEM;
3923                         goto finish;
3924                 }
3925
3926                 dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3927
3928                 r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, args+1);
3929                 if (r < 0) {
3930                         log_error("Failed to append unit files.");
3931                         goto finish;
3932                 }
3933
3934                 a = arg_runtime;
3935                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &a)) {
3936                         log_error("Failed to append runtime boolean.");
3937                         r = -ENOMEM;
3938                         goto finish;
3939                 }
3940
3941                 if (send_force) {
3942                         b = arg_force;
3943
3944                         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b)) {
3945                                 log_error("Failed to append force boolean.");
3946                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3947                                 goto finish;
3948                         }
3949                 }
3950
3951                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3952                 if (!reply) {
3953                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3954                         r = -EIO;
3955                         goto finish;
3956                 }
3957
3958                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
3959                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
3960                         goto finish;
3961                 }
3962
3963                 if (expect_carries_install_info) {
3964                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b, true);
3965                         if (r < 0) {
3966                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3967                                 goto finish;
3968                         }
3969
3970                         carries_install_info = b;
3971                 }
3972
3973                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3974                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
3975                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3976                         r = -EIO;
3977                         goto finish;
3978                 }
3979
3980                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3981                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3982                         const char *type, *path, *source;
3983
3984                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
3985                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3986                                 r = -EIO;
3987                                 goto finish;
3988                         }
3989
3990                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3991
3992                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
3993                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0 ||
3994                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &source, false) < 0) {
3995                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3996                                 r = -EIO;
3997                                 goto finish;
3998                         }
3999
4000                         if (!arg_quiet) {
4001                                 if (streq(type, "symlink"))
4002                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", source, path);
4003                                 else
4004                                         log_info("rm '%s'", path);
4005                         }
4006
4007                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
4008                 }
4009
4010                 /* Try to reload if enabeld */
4011                 if (!arg_no_reload)
4012                         r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
4013         }
4014
4015         if (carries_install_info == 0)
4016                 log_warning("Warning: unit files do not carry install information. No operation executed.");
4017
4018 finish:
4019         if (m)
4020                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4021
4022         if (reply)
4023                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4024
4025         unit_file_changes_free(changes, n_changes);
4026
4027         dbus_error_free(&error);
4028         return r;
4029 }
4030
4031 static int unit_is_enabled(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
4032         DBusError error;
4033         int r;
4034         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4035         bool enabled;
4036         char **name;
4037
4038         dbus_error_init(&error);
4039
4040         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
4041         if (r < 0)
4042                 return r;
4043
4044         enabled = r > 0;
4045
4046         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
4047
4048                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4049                         UnitFileState state;
4050
4051                         state = unit_file_get_state(arg_scope, arg_root, *name);
4052                         if (state < 0) {
4053                                 r = state;
4054                                 goto finish;
4055                         }
4056
4057                         if (state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED ||
4058                             state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED_RUNTIME ||
4059                             state == UNIT_FILE_STATIC)
4060                                 enabled = true;
4061
4062                         if (!arg_quiet)
4063                                 puts(unit_file_state_to_string(state));
4064                 }
4065
4066         } else {
4067                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4068                         const char *s;
4069
4070                         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4071                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
4072                                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
4073                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
4074                                         "GetUnitFileState");
4075                         if (!m) {
4076                                 log_error("Out of memory");
4077                                 r = -ENOMEM;
4078                                 goto finish;
4079                         }
4080
4081                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
4082                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
4083                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
4084                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4085                                 r = -ENOMEM;
4086                                 goto finish;
4087                         }
4088
4089                         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
4090                         if (!reply) {
4091                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4092                                 r = -EIO;
4093                                 goto finish;
4094                         }
4095
4096                         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
4097                                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s,
4098                                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
4099                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4100                                 r = -EIO;
4101                                 goto finish;
4102                         }
4103
4104                         dbus_message_unref(m);
4105                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
4106                         m = reply = NULL;
4107
4108                         if (streq(s, "enabled") ||
4109                             streq(s, "enabled-runtime") ||
4110                             streq(s, "static"))
4111                                 enabled = true;
4112
4113                         if (!arg_quiet)
4114                                 puts(s);
4115                 }
4116         }
4117
4118         r = enabled ? 0 : 1;
4119
4120 finish:
4121         if (m)
4122                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4123
4124         if (reply)
4125                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4126
4127         dbus_error_free(&error);
4128         return r;
4129 }
4130
4131 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4132
4133         pager_open_if_enabled();
4134
4135         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4136                "Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.\n\n"
4137                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4138                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4139                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4140                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4141                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4142                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4143                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4144                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4145                "                      pending\n"
4146                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4147                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4148                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4149                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4150                "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST\n"
4151                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
4152                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
4153                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4154                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4155                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4156                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4157                "                      configuration\n"
4158                "     --no-legend      Do not print a legend (column headers and hints)\n"
4159                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
4160                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4161                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4162                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4163                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4164                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4165                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4166                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4167                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4168                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4169                "     --root=PATH      Enable unit files in the specified root directory\n"
4170                "     --runtime        Enable unit files only temporarily until next reboot\n"
4171                "  -n --lines=INTEGER  Journal entries to show\n"
4172                "     --follow         Follow journal\n"
4173                "  -o --output=STRING  Change journal output mode (short, short-monotonic,\n"
4174                "                      verbose, export, json, cat)\n\n"
4175                "Unit Commands:\n"
4176                "  list-units                      List loaded units\n"
4177                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4178                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4179                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4180                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4181                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4182                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4183                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4184                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4185                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4186                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4187                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4188                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4189                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4190                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4191                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4192                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4193                "                                  units\n"
4194                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n\n"
4195                "Unit File Commands:\n"
4196                "  list-unit-files                 List installed unit files\n"
4197                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4198                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4199                "  reenable [NAME...]              Reenable one or more unit files\n"
4200                "  preset [NAME...]                Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
4201                "                                  based on preset configuration\n"
4202                "  mask [NAME...]                  Mask one or more units\n"
4203                "  unmask [NAME...]                Unmask one or more units\n"
4204                "  link [PATH...]                  Link one or more units files into\n"
4205                "                                  the search path\n"
4206                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n\n"
4207                "Job Commands:\n"
4208                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4209                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n\n"
4210                "Status Commands:\n"
4211                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4212                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n\n"
4213                "Snapshot Commands:\n"
4214                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4215                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n\n"
4216                "Environment Commands:\n"
4217                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4218                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4219                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n\n"
4220                "Manager Lifecycle Commands:\n"
4221                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4222                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n\n"
4223                "System Commands:\n"
4224                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4225                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4226                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4227                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4228                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4229                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4230                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4231                "  exit                            Request user instance exit\n"
4232                "  switch-root [ROOT] [INIT]       Change to a different root file system\n"
4233                "  suspend                         Suspend the system\n"
4234                "  hibernate                       Hibernate the system\n",
4235                program_invocation_short_name);
4236
4237         return 0;
4238 }
4239
4240 static int halt_help(void) {
4241
4242         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4243                "%s the system.\n\n"
4244                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4245                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4246                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4247                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4248                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4249                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4250                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4251                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4252                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4253                program_invocation_short_name,
4254                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4255                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4256                                                "Halt");
4257
4258         return 0;
4259 }
4260
4261 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4262
4263         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4264                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4265                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4266                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4267                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4268                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4269                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4270                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4271                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4272                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4273                program_invocation_short_name);
4274
4275         return 0;
4276 }
4277
4278 static int telinit_help(void) {
4279
4280         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4281                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4282                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4283                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4284                "Commands:\n"
4285                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4286                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4287                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4288                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4289                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4290                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4291                program_invocation_short_name);
4292
4293         return 0;
4294 }
4295
4296 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4297
4298         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4299                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4300                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4301                program_invocation_short_name);
4302
4303         return 0;
4304 }
4305
4306 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4307
4308         enum {
4309                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4310                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4311                 ARG_VERSION,
4312                 ARG_USER,
4313                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4314                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4315                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4316                 ARG_NO_LEGEND,
4317                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4318                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4319                 ARG_ORDER,
4320                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4321                 ARG_ROOT,
4322                 ARG_FULL,
4323                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4324                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4325                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4326                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4327                 ARG_FAILED,
4328                 ARG_RUNTIME,
4329                 ARG_FOLLOW,
4330                 ARG_FORCE
4331         };
4332
4333         static const struct option options[] = {
4334                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4335                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4336                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4337                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4338                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4339                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4340                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4341                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4342                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4343                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4344                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4345                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4346                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4347                 { "no-legend", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },
4348                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4349                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4350                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4351                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4352                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4353                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4354                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4355                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4356                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE }, /* undocumented on purpose */
4357                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4358                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4359                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4360                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4361                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4362                 { "runtime",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME   },
4363                 { "lines",     required_argument, NULL, 'n'           },
4364                 { "follow",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FOLLOW    },
4365                 { "output",    required_argument, NULL, 'o'           },
4366                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4367         };
4368
4369         int c;
4370
4371         assert(argc >= 0);
4372         assert(argv);
4373
4374         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:Pn:o:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4375
4376                 switch (c) {
4377
4378                 case 'h':
4379                         systemctl_help();
4380                         return 0;
4381
4382                 case ARG_VERSION:
4383                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4384                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4385                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4386                         return 0;
4387
4388                 case 't':
4389                         arg_type = optarg;
4390                         break;
4391
4392                 case 'p': {
4393                         char **l;
4394
4395                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4396                                 return -ENOMEM;
4397
4398                         strv_free(arg_property);
4399                         arg_property = l;
4400
4401                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4402                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4403                          * empty. */
4404                         arg_all = true;
4405                         break;
4406                 }
4407
4408                 case 'a':
4409                         arg_all = true;
4410                         break;
4411
4412                 case ARG_FAIL:
4413                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4414                         break;
4415
4416                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4417                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4418                         break;
4419
4420                 case ARG_USER:
4421                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
4422                         break;
4423
4424                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4425                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
4426                         break;
4427
4428                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4429                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
4430                         break;
4431
4432                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4433                         arg_no_block = true;
4434                         break;
4435
4436                 case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
4437                         arg_no_legend = true;
4438                         break;
4439
4440                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4441                         arg_no_pager = true;
4442                         break;
4443
4444                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4445                         arg_no_wall = true;
4446                         break;
4447
4448                 case ARG_ORDER:
4449                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4450                         break;
4451
4452                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4453                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4454                         break;
4455
4456                 case ARG_ROOT:
4457                         arg_root = optarg;
4458                         break;
4459
4460                 case ARG_FULL:
4461                         arg_full = true;
4462                         break;
4463
4464                 case ARG_FAILED:
4465                         arg_failed = true;
4466                         break;
4467
4468                 case 'q':
4469                         arg_quiet = true;
4470                         break;
4471
4472                 case ARG_FORCE:
4473                         arg_force ++;
4474                         break;
4475
4476                 case ARG_FOLLOW:
4477                         arg_follow = true;
4478                         break;
4479
4480                 case 'f':
4481                         /* -f is short for both --follow and --force! */
4482                         arg_force ++;
4483                         arg_follow = true;
4484                         break;
4485
4486                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4487                         arg_no_reload = true;
4488                         break;
4489
4490                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4491                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4492                         break;
4493
4494                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4495                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4496                         break;
4497
4498                 case 's':
4499                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4500                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4501                                 return -EINVAL;
4502                         }
4503                         break;
4504
4505                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4506                         arg_ask_password = false;
4507                         break;
4508
4509                 case 'P':
4510                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4511                         break;
4512
4513                 case 'H':
4514                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4515                         arg_host = optarg;
4516                         break;
4517
4518                 case ARG_RUNTIME:
4519                         arg_runtime = true;
4520                         break;
4521
4522                 case 'n':
4523                         if (safe_atou(optarg, &arg_lines) < 0) {
4524                                 log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);
4525                                 return -EINVAL;
4526                         }
4527                         break;
4528
4529                 case 'o':
4530                         arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
4531                         if (arg_output < 0) {
4532                                 log_error("Unknown output '%s'.", optarg);
4533                                 return -EINVAL;
4534                         }
4535                         break;
4536
4537                 case '?':
4538                         return -EINVAL;
4539
4540                 default:
4541                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4542                         return -EINVAL;
4543                 }
4544         }
4545
4546         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
4547                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4548                 return -EINVAL;
4549         }
4550
4551         return 1;
4552 }
4553
4554 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4555
4556         enum {
4557                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4558                 ARG_HALT,
4559                 ARG_REBOOT,
4560                 ARG_NO_WALL
4561         };
4562
4563         static const struct option options[] = {
4564                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4565                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4566                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4567                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4568                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4569                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4570                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4571                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4572                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4573                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4574         };
4575
4576         int c, runlevel;
4577
4578         assert(argc >= 0);
4579         assert(argv);
4580
4581         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4582                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4583                         arg_force = 2;
4584
4585         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4586                 switch (c) {
4587
4588                 case ARG_HELP:
4589                         halt_help();
4590                         return 0;
4591
4592                 case ARG_HALT:
4593                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4594                         break;
4595
4596                 case 'p':
4597                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4598                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4599                         break;
4600
4601                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4602                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4603                         break;
4604
4605                 case 'f':
4606                         arg_force = 2;
4607                         break;
4608
4609                 case 'w':
4610                         arg_dry = true;
4611                         break;
4612
4613                 case 'd':
4614                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4615                         break;
4616
4617                 case 'n':
4618                         arg_no_sync = true;
4619                         break;
4620
4621                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4622                         arg_no_wall = true;
4623                         break;
4624
4625                 case 'i':
4626                 case 'h':
4627                         /* Compatibility nops */
4628                         break;
4629
4630                 case '?':
4631                         return -EINVAL;
4632
4633                 default:
4634                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4635                         return -EINVAL;
4636                 }
4637         }
4638
4639         if (optind < argc) {
4640                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4641                 return -EINVAL;
4642         }
4643
4644         return 1;
4645 }
4646
4647 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4648         assert(t);
4649         assert(_u);
4650
4651         if (streq(t, "now"))
4652                 *_u = 0;
4653         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4654                 uint64_t u;
4655
4656                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4657                         return -EINVAL;
4658
4659                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4660         } else {
4661                 char *e = NULL;
4662                 long hour, minute;
4663                 struct tm tm;
4664                 time_t s;
4665                 usec_t n;
4666
4667                 errno = 0;
4668                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4669                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4670                         return -EINVAL;
4671
4672                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4673                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4674                         return -EINVAL;
4675
4676                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4677                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4678
4679                 zero(tm);
4680                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4681
4682                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4683                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4684                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4685
4686                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4687
4688                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4689
4690                 while (*_u <= n)
4691                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4692         }
4693
4694         return 0;
4695 }
4696
4697 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4698
4699         enum {
4700                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4701                 ARG_NO_WALL
4702         };
4703
4704         static const struct option options[] = {
4705                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4706                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4707                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4708                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4709                 { "kexec",     no_argument,       NULL, 'K'         }, /* not documented extension */
4710                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4711                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4712         };
4713
4714         int c, r;
4715
4716         assert(argc >= 0);
4717         assert(argv);
4718
4719         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4720                 switch (c) {
4721
4722                 case ARG_HELP:
4723                         shutdown_help();
4724                         return 0;
4725
4726                 case 'H':
4727                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4728                         break;
4729
4730                 case 'P':
4731                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4732                         break;
4733
4734                 case 'r':
4735                         if (kexec_loaded())
4736                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4737                         else
4738                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4739                         break;
4740
4741                 case 'K':
4742                         arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4743                         break;
4744
4745                 case 'h':
4746                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4747                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4748                         break;
4749
4750                 case 'k':
4751                         arg_dry = true;
4752                         break;
4753
4754                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4755                         arg_no_wall = true;
4756                         break;
4757
4758                 case 't':
4759                 case 'a':
4760                         /* Compatibility nops */
4761                         break;
4762
4763                 case 'c':
4764                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4765                         break;
4766
4767                 case '?':
4768                         return -EINVAL;
4769
4770                 default:
4771                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4772                         return -EINVAL;
4773                 }
4774         }
4775
4776         if (argc > optind) {
4777                 r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when);
4778                 if (r < 0) {
4779                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4780                         return r;
4781                 }
4782         } else
4783                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4784
4785         /* We skip the time argument */
4786         if (argc > optind + 1)
4787                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4788
4789         optind = argc;
4790
4791         return 1;
4792 }
4793
4794 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4795
4796         enum {
4797                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4798                 ARG_NO_WALL
4799         };
4800
4801         static const struct option options[] = {
4802                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4803                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4804                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4805         };
4806
4807         static const struct {
4808                 char from;
4809                 enum action to;
4810         } table[] = {
4811                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4812                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4813                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4814                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4815                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4816                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4817                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4818                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4819                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4820                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4821                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4822                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4823                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4824         };
4825
4826         unsigned i;
4827         int c;
4828
4829         assert(argc >= 0);
4830         assert(argv);
4831
4832         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4833                 switch (c) {
4834
4835                 case ARG_HELP:
4836                         telinit_help();
4837                         return 0;
4838
4839                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4840                         arg_no_wall = true;
4841                         break;
4842
4843                 case '?':
4844                         return -EINVAL;
4845
4846                 default:
4847                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4848                         return -EINVAL;
4849                 }
4850         }
4851
4852         if (optind >= argc) {
4853                 telinit_help();
4854                 return -EINVAL;
4855         }
4856
4857         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4858                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4859                 return -EINVAL;
4860         }
4861
4862         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4863                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4864                 return -EINVAL;
4865         }
4866
4867         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4868                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4869                         break;
4870
4871         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4872                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4873                 return -EINVAL;
4874         }
4875
4876         arg_action = table[i].to;
4877
4878         optind ++;
4879
4880         return 1;
4881 }
4882
4883 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4884
4885         enum {
4886                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4887         };
4888
4889         static const struct option options[] = {
4890                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4891                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4892         };
4893
4894         int c;
4895
4896         assert(argc >= 0);
4897         assert(argv);
4898
4899         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4900                 switch (c) {
4901
4902                 case ARG_HELP:
4903                         runlevel_help();
4904                         return 0;
4905
4906                 case '?':
4907                         return -EINVAL;
4908
4909                 default:
4910                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4911                         return -EINVAL;
4912                 }
4913         }
4914
4915         if (optind < argc) {
4916                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4917                 return -EINVAL;
4918         }
4919
4920         return 1;
4921 }
4922
4923 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4924         assert(argc >= 0);
4925         assert(argv);
4926
4927         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4928
4929                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4930                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4931                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4932                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4933                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4934                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4935                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4936                         if (kexec_loaded())
4937                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4938                         else
4939                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4940                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4941                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4942                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4943                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4944                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4945
4946                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4947                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4948                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4949                         } else {
4950                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4951                                  * running, we need to forward this
4952                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4953                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4954
4955                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4956
4957                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4958                                 return -EIO;
4959                         }
4960
4961                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4962                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4963                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4964                 }
4965         }
4966
4967         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4968         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4969 }
4970
4971 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4972
4973         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4974                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4975                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4976                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4977                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4978                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4979                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4980                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4981                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4982         };
4983
4984         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4985
4986         return table[arg_action];
4987 }
4988
4989 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4990         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4991         DBusError error;
4992         int previous, rl, r;
4993         char
4994                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4995                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4996         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4997         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4998         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4999         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
5000         DBusConnection *bus;
5001
5002         dbus_error_init(&error);
5003
5004         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5005                 return 0;
5006
5007         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
5008                 previous = 'N';
5009
5010         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5011                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5012                         r = 0;
5013                         goto finish;
5014                 }
5015
5016                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5017                 r = -EIO;
5018                 goto finish;
5019         }
5020
5021         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5022                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5023                 goto finish;
5024         }
5025
5026         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5027                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5028                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5029                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5030                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5031
5032                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5033                 r = -ENOMEM;
5034                 goto finish;
5035         }
5036
5037         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5038
5039         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5040         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5041
5042         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5043             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5044             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5045             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5046             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5047             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5048                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5049                 r = -ENOMEM;
5050                 goto finish;
5051         }
5052
5053         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5054
5055                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5056                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5057                         goto finish;
5058                 }
5059
5060                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5061                 r = -EIO;
5062                 goto finish;
5063         }
5064
5065         r = 1;
5066
5067 finish:
5068         if (m)
5069                 dbus_message_unref(m);
5070
5071         if (reply)
5072                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
5073
5074         if (bus) {
5075                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5076                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5077                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5078         }
5079
5080         dbus_error_free(&error);
5081
5082         return r;
5083 }
5084
5085 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5086         struct init_request request;
5087         int r, fd;
5088         char rl;
5089
5090         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5091                 return 0;
5092
5093         zero(request);
5094         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5095         request.sleeptime = 0;
5096         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5097         request.runlevel = rl;
5098
5099         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
5100
5101                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5102                         return 0;
5103
5104                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5105                 return -errno;
5106         }
5107
5108         errno = 0;
5109         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5110         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5111
5112         if (r < 0) {
5113                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5114                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5115         }
5116
5117         return 1;
5118 }
5119
5120 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5121
5122         static const struct {
5123                 const char* verb;
5124                 const enum {
5125                         MORE,
5126                         LESS,
5127                         EQUAL
5128                 } argc_cmp;
5129                 const int argc;
5130                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
5131         } verbs[] = {
5132                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5133                 { "list-unit-files",       EQUAL, 1, list_unit_files   },
5134                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5135                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5136                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5137                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5138                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5139                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5140                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5141                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5142                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5143                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5144                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5145                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5146                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5147                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5148                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5149                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5150                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5151                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5152                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5153                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5154                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5155                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5156                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5157                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5158                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5159                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5160                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5161                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5162                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5163                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5164                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5165                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5166                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5167                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5168                 { "suspend",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5169                 { "hibernate",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5170                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5171                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5172                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5173                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5174                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5175                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5176                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5177                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, unit_is_enabled   },
5178                 { "reenable",              MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5179                 { "preset",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5180                 { "mask",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5181                 { "unmask",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5182                 { "link",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5183                 { "switch-root",           MORE,  2, switch_root       },
5184         };
5185
5186         int left;
5187         unsigned i;
5188
5189         assert(argc >= 0);
5190         assert(argv);
5191         assert(error);
5192
5193         left = argc - optind;
5194
5195         if (left <= 0)
5196                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5197                 i = 0;
5198         else {
5199                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5200                         systemctl_help();
5201                         return 0;
5202                 }
5203
5204                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5205                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5206                                 break;
5207
5208                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5209                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5210                         return -EINVAL;
5211                 }
5212         }
5213
5214         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5215
5216         case EQUAL:
5217                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5218                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5219                         return -EINVAL;
5220                 }
5221
5222                 break;
5223
5224         case MORE:
5225                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5226                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5227                         return -EINVAL;
5228                 }
5229
5230                 break;
5231
5232         case LESS:
5233                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5234                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5235                         return -EINVAL;
5236                 }
5237
5238                 break;
5239
5240         default:
5241                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5242         }
5243
5244         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5245          * enable/disable */
5246         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5247             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5248             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "is-enabled") &&
5249             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "list-unit-files") &&
5250             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "reenable") &&
5251             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "preset") &&
5252             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "mask") &&
5253             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "unmask") &&
5254             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "link")) {
5255
5256                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5257                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5258                         return 0;
5259                 }
5260
5261                 if (((!streq(verbs[i].verb, "reboot") &&
5262                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "halt") &&
5263                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "poweroff")) || arg_force <= 0) && !bus) {
5264                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5265                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5266                         return -EIO;
5267                 }
5268
5269         } else {
5270
5271                 if (!bus && !avoid_bus()) {
5272                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5273                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5274                         return -EIO;
5275                 }
5276         }
5277
5278         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind);
5279 }
5280
5281 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5282         int fd;
5283         struct msghdr msghdr;
5284         struct iovec iovec[2];
5285         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5286         struct sd_shutdown_command c;
5287
5288         fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5289         if (fd < 0)
5290                 return -errno;
5291
5292         zero(c);
5293         c.usec = t;
5294         c.mode = mode;
5295         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5296         c.warn_wall = warn;
5297
5298         zero(sockaddr);
5299         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5300         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5301
5302         zero(msghdr);
5303         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5304         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5305
5306         zero(iovec);
5307         iovec[0].iov_base = (char*) &c;
5308         iovec[0].iov_len = offsetof(struct sd_shutdown_command, wall_message);
5309
5310         if (isempty(message))
5311                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5312         else {
5313                 iovec[1].iov_base = (char*) message;
5314                 iovec[1].iov_len = strlen(message);
5315                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 2;
5316         }
5317         msghdr.msg_iov = iovec;
5318
5319         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5320                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5321                 return -errno;
5322         }
5323
5324         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5325         return 0;
5326 }
5327
5328 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5329
5330         if (bus) {
5331                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5332                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5333                         return 0;
5334         }
5335
5336         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5337         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5338
5339         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5340                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5341                 return -errno;
5342         }
5343
5344         return 0;
5345 }
5346
5347 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5348
5349         if (bus) {
5350                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5351                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5352                         goto done;
5353         }
5354
5355         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5356          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5357         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5358                 goto done;
5359
5360         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5361          * /dev/initctl */
5362         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5363                 goto done;
5364
5365         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5366         return -EIO;
5367
5368 done:
5369         warn_wall(arg_action);
5370         return 0;
5371 }
5372
5373 static void halt_now(enum action a) {
5374
5375        /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5376          * point on... */
5377         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5378
5379         switch (a) {
5380
5381         case ACTION_HALT:
5382                 log_info("Halting.");
5383                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5384                 break;
5385
5386         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5387                 log_info("Powering off.");
5388                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5389                 break;
5390
5391         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5392                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5393                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5394                 break;
5395
5396         default:
5397                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5398         }
5399
5400         assert_not_reached("Uh? This shouldn't happen.");
5401 }
5402
5403 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5404         int r;
5405
5406         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5407                 /* Try logind if we are a normal user and no special
5408                  * mode applies. Maybe PolicyKit allows us to shutdown
5409                  * the machine. */
5410
5411                 if (arg_when <= 0 &&
5412                     !arg_dry &&
5413                     !arg_force &&
5414                     (arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
5415                      arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT)) {
5416                         r = reboot_with_logind(bus, arg_action);
5417                         if (r >= 0)
5418                                 return r;
5419                 }
5420
5421                 log_error("Must be root.");
5422                 return -EPERM;
5423         }
5424
5425         if (arg_when > 0) {
5426                 char *m;
5427
5428                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5429                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5430                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5431                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5432                                    arg_action == ACTION_KEXEC    ? 'K' :
5433                                                                    'r',
5434                                    arg_dry,
5435                                    !arg_no_wall,
5436                                    m);
5437                 free(m);
5438
5439                 if (r < 0)
5440                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5441                 else {
5442                         char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5443
5444                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5445                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5446                         return 0;
5447                 }
5448         }
5449
5450         if (!arg_dry && !arg_force)
5451                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5452
5453         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5454                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5455                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5456                 else {
5457                         r = utmp_put_shutdown();
5458                         if (r < 0)
5459                                 log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5460                 }
5461         }
5462
5463         if (!arg_no_sync)
5464                 sync();
5465
5466         if (arg_dry)
5467                 return 0;
5468
5469         halt_now(arg_action);
5470         /* We should never reach this. */
5471         return -ENOSYS;
5472 }
5473
5474 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5475         int r, runlevel, previous;
5476
5477         r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous);
5478         if (r < 0) {
5479                 puts("unknown");
5480                 return r;
5481         }
5482
5483         printf("%c %c\n",
5484                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5485                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5486
5487         return 0;
5488 }
5489
5490 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5491         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5492         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5493         DBusError error;
5494
5495         dbus_error_init(&error);
5496
5497         log_parse_environment();
5498         log_open();
5499
5500         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5501         if (r < 0)
5502                 goto finish;
5503         else if (r == 0) {
5504                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5505                 goto finish;
5506         }
5507
5508         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5509          * let's shortcut this */
5510         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5511                 r = runlevel_main();
5512                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5513                 goto finish;
5514         }
5515
5516         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5517                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5518                 retval = 0;
5519                 goto finish;
5520         }
5521
5522         if (!avoid_bus()) {
5523                 if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5524                         bus_connect(arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5525                 else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5526                         bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5527                         private_bus = false;
5528                 } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5529                         bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5530                         private_bus = false;
5531                 } else
5532                         assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5533         }
5534
5535         switch (arg_action) {
5536
5537         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5538                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5539                 break;
5540
5541         case ACTION_HALT:
5542         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5543         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5544         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5545                 r = halt_main(bus);
5546                 break;
5547
5548         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5549         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5550         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5551         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5552         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5553         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5554         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5555                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5556                 break;
5557
5558         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5559         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5560                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5561                 break;
5562
5563         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5564                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, false, NULL);
5565                 break;
5566
5567         case ACTION_INVALID:
5568         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5569         default:
5570                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5571         }
5572
5573         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5574
5575 finish:
5576         if (bus) {
5577                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5578                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5579                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5580         }
5581
5582         dbus_error_free(&error);
5583
5584         dbus_shutdown();
5585
5586         strv_free(arg_property);
5587
5588         pager_close();
5589         ask_password_agent_close();
5590         polkit_agent_close();
5591
5592         return retval;
5593 }