src/systemctl/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include <systemd/sd-daemon.h>
  39 #include <systemd/sd-shutdown.h>
  40
  41 #include "log.h"
  42 #include "util.h"
  43 #include "macro.h"
  44 #include "set.h"
  45 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  46 #include "special.h"
  47 #include "initreq.h"
  48 #include "path-util.h"
  49 #include "strv.h"
  50 #include "dbus-common.h"
  51 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  52 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  53 #include "list.h"
  54 #include "path-lookup.h"
  55 #include "conf-parser.h"
  56 #include "exit-status.h"
  57 #include "bus-errors.h"
  58 #include "build.h"
  59 #include "unit-name.h"
  60 #include "pager.h"
  61 #include "spawn-ask-password-agent.h"
  62 #include "spawn-polkit-agent.h"
  63 #include "install.h"
  64 #include "logs-show.h"
  65 #include "path-util.h"
  66 #include "socket-util.h"
  67
  68 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  69 static const char *arg_load_state = NULL;
  70 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  71 static bool arg_all = false;
  72 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  73 static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
  74 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  75 static bool arg_no_legend = false;
  76 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  77 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  78 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  79 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  80 static bool arg_dry = false;
  81 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  82 static bool arg_full = false;
  83 static int arg_force = 0;
  84 static bool arg_ask_password = true;
  85 static bool arg_failed = false;
  86 static bool arg_runtime = false;
  87 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  88 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  89 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  90 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  91 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  92 static enum action {
  93         ACTION_INVALID,
  94         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  95         ACTION_HALT,
  96         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  97         ACTION_REBOOT,
  98         ACTION_KEXEC,
  99         ACTION_EXIT,
 100         ACTION_SUSPEND,
 101         ACTION_HIBERNATE,
 102         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
 103         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
 104         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
 105         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
 106         ACTION_RESCUE,
 107         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 108         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 109         ACTION_RELOAD,
 110         ACTION_REEXEC,
 111         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 112         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 113         _ACTION_MAX
 114 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 115 static enum dot {
 116         DOT_ALL,
 117         DOT_ORDER,
 118         DOT_REQUIRE
 119 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 120 static enum transport {
 121         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 122         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 123         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 124 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 125 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 126 static unsigned arg_lines = 10;
 127 static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
 128
 129 static bool private_bus = false;
 130
 131 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
 132 static void halt_now(enum action a);
 133
 134 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 135
 136         if (arg_no_pager)
 137                 return;
 138
 139         pager_open();
 140 }
 141
 142 static void ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 143
 144         /* Open the password agent as a child process if necessary */
 145
 146         if (!arg_ask_password)
 147                 return;
 148
 149         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 150                 return;
 151
 152         ask_password_agent_open();
 153 }
 154
 155 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
 156 static void polkit_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 157
 158         /* Open the polkit agent as a child process if necessary */
 159
 160         if (!arg_ask_password)
 161                 return;
 162
 163         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 164                 return;
 165
 166         polkit_agent_open();
 167 }
 168 #endif
 169
 170 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 171
 172         if (!on_tty())
 173                 return "";
 174
 175         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 176 }
 177
 178 static const char *ansi_highlight_red(bool b) {
 179
 180         if (!on_tty())
 181                 return "";
 182
 183         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 184 }
 185
 186 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 187
 188         if (!on_tty())
 189                 return "";
 190
 191         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 192 }
 193
 194 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 195         assert(error);
 196
 197         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 198                 return r;
 199
 200         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 201             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 202             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 203             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 204                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 205
 206         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 207                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 208
 209         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 210             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 211                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 212
 213         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 214                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 215
 216         if (r != 0)
 217                 return r;
 218
 219         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 220 }
 221
 222 static void warn_wall(enum action a) {
 223         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 224                 [ACTION_HALT]            = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 225                 [ACTION_REBOOT]          = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 226                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]        = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 227                 [ACTION_KEXEC]           = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 228                 [ACTION_RESCUE]          = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 229                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY]       = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!",
 230                 [ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN] = "The system shutdown has been cancelled NOW!"
 231         };
 232
 233         if (arg_no_wall)
 234                 return;
 235
 236         if (arg_wall) {
 237                 char *p;
 238
 239                 p = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
 240                 if (!p) {
 241                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 242                         return;
 243                 }
 244
 245                 if (*p) {
 246                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 247                         free(p);
 248                         return;
 249                 }
 250
 251                 free(p);
 252         }
 253
 254         if (!table[a])
 255                 return;
 256
 257         utmp_wall(table[a], NULL);
 258 }
 259
 260 static bool avoid_bus(void) {
 261
 262         if (running_in_chroot() > 0)
 263                 return true;
 264
 265         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
 266                 return true;
 267
 268         if (!isempty(arg_root))
 269                 return true;
 270
 271         if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL)
 272                 return true;
 273
 274         return false;
 275 }
 276
 277 struct unit_info {
 278         const char *id;
 279         const char *description;
 280         const char *load_state;
 281         const char *active_state;
 282         const char *sub_state;
 283         const char *following;
 284         const char *unit_path;
 285         uint32_t job_id;
 286         const char *job_type;
 287         const char *job_path;
 288 };
 289
 290 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 291         const char *d1, *d2;
 292         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 293
 294         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 295         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 296
 297         if (d1 && d2) {
 298                 int r;
 299
 300                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 301                         return r;
 302         }
 303
 304         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 305 }
 306
 307 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 308         const char *dot;
 309
 310         if (arg_failed)
 311                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 312
 313         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 314                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 315                 (!arg_load_state || streq(u->load_state, arg_load_state)) &&
 316                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive")
 317                               || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 318 }
 319
 320 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 321         unsigned id_len, max_id_len, active_len, sub_len, job_len, desc_len, n_shown = 0;
 322         const struct unit_info *u;
 323
 324         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT")-1;
 325         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 326         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 327         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 328         desc_len = 0;
 329
 330         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 331                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 332                         continue;
 333
 334                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(u->id));
 335                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 336                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 337                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 338                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 339         }
 340
 341         if (!arg_full) {
 342                 unsigned basic_len;
 343                 id_len = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 344                 basic_len = 5 + id_len + 6 + active_len + sub_len + job_len;
 345                 if (basic_len < (unsigned) columns()) {
 346                         unsigned extra_len, incr;
 347                         extra_len = columns() - basic_len;
 348                         /* Either UNIT already got 25, or is fully satisfied.
 349                          * Grant up to 25 to DESC now. */
 350                         incr = MIN(extra_len, 25);
 351                         desc_len += incr;
 352                         extra_len -= incr;
 353                         /* split the remaining space between UNIT and DESC,
 354                          * but do not give UNIT more than it needs. */
 355                         if (extra_len > 0) {
 356                                 incr = MIN(extra_len / 2, max_id_len - id_len);
 357                                 id_len += incr;
 358                                 desc_len += extra_len - incr;
 359                         }
 360                 }
 361         } else
 362                 id_len = max_id_len;
 363
 364         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 365                 char *e;
 366                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 367                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 368
 369                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 370                         continue;
 371
 372                 if (!n_shown && !arg_no_legend) {
 373                         printf("%-*s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s ", id_len, "UNIT", "LOAD",
 374                                active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 375                         if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 376                                 printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, "DESCRIPTION");
 377                         else
 378                                 printf("%s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 379                 }
 380
 381                 n_shown++;
 382
 383                 if (streq(u->load_state, "error")) {
 384                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 385                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 386                 } else
 387                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 388
 389                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 390                         on_active = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 391                         off_active = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 392                 } else
 393                         on_active = off_active = "";
 394
 395                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, id_len, 33);
 396
 397                 printf("%-*s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s %-*s ",
 398                        id_len, e ? e : u->id,
 399                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 400                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 401                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 402                        job_len, u->job_id ? u->job_type : "");
 403                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 404                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, u->description);
 405                 else
 406                         printf("%s\n", u->description);
 407
 408                 free(e);
 409         }
 410
 411         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 412                 const char *on, *off;
 413
 414                 if (n_shown) {
 415                         printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 416                                "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 417                                "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 418                                "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n\n");
 419                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
 420                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
 421                 } else {
 422                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 423                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 424                 }
 425
 426                 if (arg_all)
 427                         printf("%s%u loaded units listed.%s\n"
 428                                "To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.\n",
 429                                on, n_shown, off);
 430                 else
 431                         printf("%s%u loaded units listed.%s Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.\n"
 432                                "To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.\n",
 433                                on, n_shown, off);
 434         }
 435 }
 436
 437 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 438         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 439         int r;
 440         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 441         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 442         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 443
 444         pager_open_if_enabled();
 445
 446         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
 447                         bus,
 448                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 449                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 450                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 451                         "ListUnits",
 452                         &reply,
 453                         NULL,
 454                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 455         if (r)
 456                 goto finish;
 457
 458         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 459             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 460             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 461                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 462                 r = -EIO;
 463                 goto finish;
 464         }
 465
 466         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 467
 468         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 469                 struct unit_info *u;
 470
 471                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 472                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 473                         r = -EIO;
 474                         goto finish;
 475                 }
 476
 477                 if (c >= n_units) {
 478                         struct unit_info *w;
 479
 480                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 481                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 482
 483                         if (!w) {
 484                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 485                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 486                                 goto finish;
 487                         }
 488
 489                         unit_infos = w;
 490                 }
 491
 492                 u = unit_infos+c;
 493
 494                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 495
 496                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 497                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 498                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 499                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 500                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 501                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 502                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 503                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 504                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 505                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 506                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 507                         r = -EIO;
 508                         goto finish;
 509                 }
 510
 511                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 512                 c++;
 513         }
 514
 515         if (c > 0) {
 516                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 517                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 518         }
 519
 520 finish:
 521         if (reply)
 522                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 523
 524         free(unit_infos);
 525
 526         return r;
 527 }
 528
 529 static int compare_unit_file_list(const void *a, const void *b) {
 530         const char *d1, *d2;
 531         const UnitFileList *u = a, *v = b;
 532
 533         d1 = strrchr(u->path, '.');
 534         d2 = strrchr(v->path, '.');
 535
 536         if (d1 && d2) {
 537                 int r;
 538
 539                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 540                 if (r != 0)
 541                         return r;
 542         }
 543
 544         return strcasecmp(path_get_file_name(u->path), path_get_file_name(v->path));
 545 }
 546
 547 static bool output_show_unit_file(const UnitFileList *u) {
 548         const char *dot;
 549
 550         return !arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->path, '.')) && streq(dot+1, arg_type));
 551 }
 552
 553 static void output_unit_file_list(const UnitFileList *units, unsigned c) {
 554         unsigned max_id_len, id_cols, state_cols, n_shown = 0;
 555         const UnitFileList *u;
 556
 557         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT FILE")-1;
 558         state_cols = sizeof("STATE")-1;
 559         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 560                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 561                         continue;
 562
 563                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(path_get_file_name(u->path)));
 564                 state_cols = MAX(state_cols, strlen(unit_file_state_to_string(u->state)));
 565         }
 566
 567         if (!arg_full) {
 568                 unsigned basic_cols;
 569                 id_cols = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 570                 basic_cols = 1 + id_cols + state_cols;
 571                 if (basic_cols < (unsigned) columns())
 572                         id_cols += MIN(columns() - basic_cols, max_id_len - id_cols);
 573         } else
 574                 id_cols = max_id_len;
 575
 576         if (!arg_no_legend)
 577                 printf("%-*s %-*s\n", id_cols, "UNIT FILE", state_cols, "STATE");
 578
 579         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 580                 char *e;
 581                 const char *on, *off;
 582                 const char *id;
 583
 584                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 585                         continue;
 586
 587                 n_shown++;
 588
 589                 if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED ||
 590                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED_RUNTIME ||
 591                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_DISABLED ||
 592                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_INVALID) {
 593                         on  = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 594                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 595                 } else if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED) {
 596                         on  = ansi_highlight_green(true);
 597                         off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
 598                 } else
 599                         on = off = "";
 600
 601                 id = path_get_file_name(u->path);
 602
 603                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, id_cols, 33);
 604
 605                 printf("%-*s %s%-*s%s\n",
 606                        id_cols, e ? e : id,
 607                        on, state_cols, unit_file_state_to_string(u->state), off);
 608
 609                 free(e);
 610         }
 611
 612         if (!arg_no_legend)
 613                 printf("\n%u unit files listed.\n", n_shown);
 614 }
 615
 616 static int list_unit_files(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 617         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 618         int r;
 619         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 620         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 621         UnitFileList *units = NULL;
 622
 623         pager_open_if_enabled();
 624
 625         if (avoid_bus()) {
 626                 Hashmap *h;
 627                 UnitFileList *u;
 628                 Iterator i;
 629
 630                 h = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
 631                 if (!h)
 632                         return log_oom();
 633
 634                 r = unit_file_get_list(arg_scope, arg_root, h);
 635                 if (r < 0) {
 636                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 637                         log_error("Failed to get unit file list: %s", strerror(-r));
 638                         return r;
 639                 }
 640
 641                 n_units = hashmap_size(h);
 642                 units = new(UnitFileList, n_units);
 643                 if (!units) {
 644                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 645                         return log_oom();
 646                 }
 647
 648                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, h, i) {
 649                         memcpy(units + c++, u, sizeof(UnitFileList));
 650                         free(u);
 651                 }
 652
 653                 hashmap_free(h);
 654         } else {
 655                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
 656                                 bus,
 657                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 658                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 659                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 660                                 "ListUnitFiles",
 661                                 &reply,
 662                                 NULL,
 663                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 664                 if (r)
 665                         goto finish;
 666
 667                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 668                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 669                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 670                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 671                         r = -EIO;
 672                         goto finish;
 673                 }
 674
 675                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 676
 677                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 678                         UnitFileList *u;
 679                         const char *state;
 680
 681                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 682                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 683                                 r = -EIO;
 684                                 goto finish;
 685                         }
 686
 687                         if (c >= n_units) {
 688                                 UnitFileList *w;
 689
 690                                 n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 691                                 w = realloc(units, sizeof(struct UnitFileList) * n_units);
 692
 693                                 if (!w) {
 694                                         log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 695                                         r = -ENOMEM;
 696                                         goto finish;
 697                                 }
 698
 699                                 units = w;
 700                         }
 701
 702                         u = units+c;
 703
 704                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 705
 706                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->path, true) < 0 ||
 707                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, false) < 0) {
 708                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 709                                 r = -EIO;
 710                                 goto finish;
 711                         }
 712
 713                         u->state = unit_file_state_from_string(state);
 714
 715                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 716                         c++;
 717                 }
 718         }
 719
 720         if (c > 0) {
 721                 qsort(units, c, sizeof(UnitFileList), compare_unit_file_list);
 722                 output_unit_file_list(units, c);
 723         }
 724
 725         r = 0;
 726
 727 finish:
 728         if (reply)
 729                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 730
 731         free(units);
 732
 733         return r;
 734 }
 735
 736 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 737         static const char * const colors[] = {
 738                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 739                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 740                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 741                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 742                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"grey66\"]",
 743                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 744                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 745                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 746         };
 747
 748         const char *c = NULL;
 749         unsigned i;
 750
 751         assert(name);
 752         assert(prop);
 753         assert(iter);
 754
 755         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 756                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 757                         c = colors[i+1];
 758                         break;
 759                 }
 760
 761         if (!c)
 762                 return 0;
 763
 764         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 765                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 766                         return 0;
 767
 768         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 769
 770         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 771
 772                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 773                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 774
 775                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 776
 777                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 778                                 const char *s;
 779
 780                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 781                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 782                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 783
 784                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 785                         }
 786
 787                         return 0;
 788                 }
 789         }
 790
 791         return 0;
 792 }
 793
 794 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 795         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 796         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 797         int r;
 798         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 799
 800         assert(path);
 801
 802         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
 803                         bus,
 804                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 805                         path,
 806                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 807                         "GetAll",
 808                         &reply,
 809                         NULL,
 810                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 811                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 812         if (r)
 813                 goto finish;
 814
 815         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 816             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 817             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 818                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 819                 r = -EIO;
 820                 goto finish;
 821         }
 822
 823         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 824
 825         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 826                 const char *prop;
 827
 828                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 829                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 830                         r = -EIO;
 831                         goto finish;
 832                 }
 833
 834                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 835
 836                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 837                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 838                         r = -EIO;
 839                         goto finish;
 840                 }
 841
 842                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 843                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 844                         r = -EIO;
 845                         goto finish;
 846                 }
 847
 848                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 849
 850                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 851                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 852                         r = -EIO;
 853                         goto finish;
 854                 }
 855
 856                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 857         }
 858
 859 finish:
 860         if (reply)
 861                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 862
 863         return r;
 864 }
 865
 866 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 867         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 868         int r;
 869         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 870
 871         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
 872                         bus,
 873                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 874                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 875                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 876                         "ListUnits",
 877                         &reply,
 878                         NULL,
 879                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 880         if (r)
 881                 goto finish;
 882
 883         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 884             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 885             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 886                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 887                 r = -EIO;
 888                 goto finish;
 889         }
 890
 891         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 892
 893         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 894         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 895                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 896
 897                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 898                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 899                         r = -EIO;
 900                         goto finish;
 901                 }
 902
 903                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 904
 905                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 906                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 907                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 908                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 909                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 910                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 911                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 912                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 913                         r = -EIO;
 914                         goto finish;
 915                 }
 916
 917                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 918                         goto finish;
 919
 920                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 921                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 922         }
 923
 924         printf("}\n");
 925
 926         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 927                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 928                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 929                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 930                  "                 green     = After\n");
 931
 932         if (on_tty())
 933                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 934                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 935
 936         r = 0;
 937
 938 finish:
 939         if (reply)
 940                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 941
 942         return r;
 943 }
 944
 945 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 946         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 947         int r;
 948         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 949         unsigned k = 0;
 950
 951         pager_open_if_enabled();
 952
 953         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
 954                         bus,
 955                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 956                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 957                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 958                         "ListJobs",
 959                         &reply,
 960                         NULL,
 961                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 962         if (r)
 963                 goto finish;
 964
 965         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 966             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 967             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 968                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 969                 r = -EIO;
 970                 goto finish;
 971         }
 972
 973         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 974
 975         if (on_tty())
 976                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 977
 978         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 979                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 980                 uint32_t id;
 981                 char *e;
 982
 983                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 984                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 985                         r = -EIO;
 986                         goto finish;
 987                 }
 988
 989                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 990
 991                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 992                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 993                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 994                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 995                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 996                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 997                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 998                         r = -EIO;
 999                         goto finish;
1000                 }
1001
1002                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
1003                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
1004                 free(e);
1005
1006                 k++;
1007
1008                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1009         }
1010
1011         if (on_tty())
1012                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
1013
1014         r = 0;
1015
1016 finish:
1017         if (reply)
1018                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1019
1020         return r;
1021 }
1022
1023 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1024         int r = 0;
1025         char **name, *n;
1026
1027         assert(args);
1028
1029         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1030                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
1031                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1032                                 bus,
1033                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1034                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1035                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1036                                 "LoadUnit",
1037                                 NULL,
1038                                 NULL,
1039                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? &n : name,
1040                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1041                 free(n);
1042                 if (r)
1043                         goto finish;
1044         }
1045
1046 finish:
1047         return r;
1048 }
1049
1050 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1051         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1052         int r = 0;
1053         char **name;
1054
1055         assert(args);
1056
1057         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
1058                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1059
1060         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1061                 unsigned id;
1062                 const char *path;
1063
1064                 r = safe_atou(*name, &id);
1065                 if (r < 0) {
1066                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
1067                         goto finish;
1068                 }
1069                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
1070
1071                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1072                                 bus,
1073                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1074                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1075                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1076                                 "GetJob",
1077                                 &reply,
1078                                 NULL,
1079                                 DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1080                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1081                 if (r)
1082                         goto finish;
1083
1084                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1085                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1086                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1087                         log_error("Failed to parse reply");
1088                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1089                         r = -EIO;
1090                         goto finish;
1091                 }
1092                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1093
1094                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1095                                 bus,
1096                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1097                                 path,
1098                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1099                                 "Cancel",
1100                                 NULL,
1101                                 NULL,
1102                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1103                 if (r)
1104                         goto finish;
1105         }
1106
1107 finish:
1108         return r;
1109 }
1110
1111 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1112         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1113         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1114         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1115         const char
1116                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1117                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1118                 *path;
1119         char *n;
1120         int r;
1121
1122         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1123
1124         n = unit_name_mangle(unit);
1125         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1126                         bus,
1127                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1128                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1129                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1130                         "GetUnit",
1131                         &reply,
1132                         NULL,
1133                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? (const char**) &n : &unit,
1134                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1135         free(n);
1136         if (r)
1137                 goto finish;
1138
1139         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1140                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1141                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1142                 goto finish;
1143
1144         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1145         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1146                         bus,
1147                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1148                         path,
1149                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1150                         "Get",
1151                         &reply,
1152                         NULL,
1153                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1154                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1155                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1156         if (r)
1157                 goto finish;
1158
1159         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1160             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1161                 goto finish;
1162
1163         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1164
1165         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1166                 goto finish;
1167
1168         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1169
1170 finish:
1171         if (reply)
1172                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1173
1174         return b;
1175 }
1176
1177 typedef struct WaitData {
1178         Set *set;
1179
1180         char *name;
1181         char *result;
1182 } WaitData;
1183
1184 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1185         DBusError error;
1186         WaitData *d = data;
1187
1188         assert(connection);
1189         assert(message);
1190         assert(d);
1191
1192         dbus_error_init(&error);
1193
1194         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1195                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1196                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1197                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1198
1199         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1200                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1201                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1202
1203         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1204                 uint32_t id;
1205                 const char *path, *result, *unit;
1206                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1207
1208                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1209                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1210                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1211                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1212                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1213                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1214                         char *p;
1215
1216                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1217                         free(p);
1218
1219                         if (!isempty(result))
1220                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1221
1222                         if (!isempty(unit))
1223                                 d->name = strdup(unit);
1224
1225                         goto finish;
1226                 }
1227 #ifndef LEGACY
1228                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1229                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1230                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1231                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1232                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1233                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1234                         char *p;
1235
1236                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1237                          * 183 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1238                          * one day. */
1239                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1240                         free(p);
1241
1242                         if (*result)
1243                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1244
1245                         goto finish;
1246                 }
1247
1248                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1249                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1250                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1251                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1252                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1253                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1254                         char *p;
1255
1256                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1257                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1258                          * one day */
1259
1260                         p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path);
1261                         free(p);
1262
1263                         if (!success)
1264                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1265
1266                         goto finish;
1267                 }
1268 #endif
1269
1270                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1271         }
1272
1273 finish:
1274         dbus_error_free(&error);
1275         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1276 }
1277
1278 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1279         DBusError error;
1280
1281         assert(bus);
1282
1283         if (private_bus)
1284                 return 0;
1285
1286         dbus_error_init(&error);
1287         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1288                            "type='signal',"
1289                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1290                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1291                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1292                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1293                            &error);
1294
1295         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1296                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1297                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1298                 return -EIO;
1299         }
1300
1301         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1302         return 0;
1303 }
1304
1305 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1306         int r = 0;
1307         WaitData d;
1308
1309         assert(bus);
1310         assert(s);
1311
1312         zero(d);
1313         d.set = s;
1314
1315         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL))
1316                 return log_oom();
1317
1318         while (!set_isempty(s)) {
1319
1320                 if (!dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1)) {
1321                         log_error("Disconnected from bus.");
1322                         return -ECONNREFUSED;
1323                 }
1324
1325                 if (!d.result)
1326                         goto free_name;
1327
1328                 if (!arg_quiet) {
1329                         if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1330                                 log_error("Job for %s timed out.", strna(d.name));
1331                         else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1332                                 log_error("Job for %s canceled.", strna(d.name));
1333                         else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1334                                 log_error("A dependency job for %s failed. See 'journalctl' for details.", strna(d.name));
1335                         else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1336                                 log_error("Job for %s failed. See 'systemctl status %s' and 'journalctl' for details.", strna(d.name), strna(d.name));
1337                 }
1338
1339                 if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1340                         r = -ETIME;
1341                 else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1342                         r = -ECANCELED;
1343                 else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1344                         r = -EIO;
1345
1346                 free(d.result);
1347                 d.result = NULL;
1348
1349         free_name:
1350                 free(d.name);
1351                 d.name = NULL;
1352         }
1353
1354         dbus_connection_remove_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d);
1355         return r;
1356 }
1357
1358 static int check_one_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char *name, bool quiet) {
1359         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1360         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1361         const char
1362                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1363                 *property = "ActiveState";
1364         const char *path = NULL;
1365         const char *state;
1366         int r;
1367         char *n;
1368
1369         assert(name);
1370
1371         n = unit_name_mangle(name);
1372         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1373                         bus,
1374                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1375                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1376                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1377                         "GetUnit",
1378                         &reply,
1379                         NULL,
1380                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? &n : &name,
1381                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1382         free(n);
1383         if (r) {
1384                 if ((r != -ENOMEM) && (!quiet))
1385                         puts("unknown");
1386                 goto finish;
1387         }
1388
1389         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1390                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1391                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1392                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1393                 r = -EIO;
1394                 goto finish;
1395         }
1396
1397         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1398         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1399                         bus,
1400                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1401                         path,
1402                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1403                         "Get",
1404                         &reply,
1405                         NULL,
1406                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1407                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1408                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1409         if (r)
1410                 goto finish;
1411
1412         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1413             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1414                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1415                 r = -EIO;
1416                 goto finish;
1417         }
1418
1419         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1420
1421         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1422                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1423                 r = -EIO;
1424                 goto finish;
1425         }
1426
1427         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1428
1429         if (!quiet)
1430                 puts(state);
1431
1432         if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1433                 r = 0;
1434         else
1435                 r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1436
1437 finish:
1438         if (reply)
1439                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1440
1441         return r;
1442 }
1443
1444 static void check_triggering_units(
1445                 DBusConnection *bus,
1446                 const char *unit_name) {
1447
1448         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1449         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1450         char *service_trigger = NULL;
1451         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1452                    *triggered_by_property = "TriggeredBy";
1453
1454         char _cleanup_free_ *unit_path = NULL, *n = NULL;
1455         bool print_warning_label = true;
1456         int r;
1457
1458         n = unit_name_mangle(unit_name);
1459         if (!n) {
1460                 log_oom();
1461                 return;
1462         }
1463
1464         unit_path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(n);
1465         if (!unit_path) {
1466                 log_oom();
1467                 return;
1468         }
1469
1470         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1471                         bus,
1472                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1473                         unit_path,
1474                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1475                         "Get",
1476                         &reply,
1477                         NULL,
1478                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1479                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &triggered_by_property,
1480                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1481         if (r)
1482                 return;
1483
1484         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1485             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
1486                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1487                 return;
1488         }
1489
1490         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1491         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &iter);
1492         sub = iter;
1493
1494         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1495
1496                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
1497                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1498                         return;
1499                 }
1500
1501                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &service_trigger);
1502
1503                 r = check_one_unit(bus, service_trigger, true);
1504                 if (r < 0)
1505                         return;
1506                 if (r == 0) {
1507                         if (print_warning_label) {
1508                                 log_warning("Warning: Stopping %s, but it can still be activated by:", unit_name);
1509                                 print_warning_label = false;
1510                         }
1511                         log_warning("  %s", service_trigger);
1512                 }
1513
1514                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1515         }
1516 }
1517
1518 static int start_unit_one(
1519                 DBusConnection *bus,
1520                 const char *method,
1521                 const char *name,
1522                 const char *mode,
1523                 DBusError *error,
1524                 Set *s) {
1525
1526         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1527         const char *path;
1528         int r;
1529         _cleanup_free_ char *n, *p = NULL;
1530
1531         assert(method);
1532         assert(name);
1533         assert(mode);
1534         assert(error);
1535
1536         n = unit_name_mangle(name);
1537         if (!n)
1538                 return log_oom();
1539
1540         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1541                         bus,
1542                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1543                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1544                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1545                         method,
1546                         &reply,
1547                         error,
1548                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1549                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1550                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1551         if (r) {
1552                 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL)
1553                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1554                          * legacy actions. */
1555                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1556                 else
1557                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1558
1559                 return r;
1560         }
1561
1562         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1563                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1564                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1565                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1566                 return -EIO;
1567         }
1568
1569         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, n))
1570                 log_warning("Warning: Unit file of %s changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1571                             n, arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
1572
1573         if (s) {
1574                 p = strdup(path);
1575                 if (!p)
1576                         return log_oom();
1577
1578                 r = set_put(s, p);
1579                 if (r < 0) {
1580                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1581                         return r;
1582                 }
1583
1584                 p = NULL;
1585         }
1586
1587         return 0;
1588 }
1589
1590 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1591         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1592                 return ACTION_HALT;
1593         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1594                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1595         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1596                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1597         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1598                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1599         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1600                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1601         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1602                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1603         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1604                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1605         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1606                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1607         else if (streq(verb, "suspend"))
1608                 return ACTION_SUSPEND;
1609         else if (streq(verb, "hibernate"))
1610                 return ACTION_HIBERNATE;
1611         else
1612                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1613 }
1614
1615 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1616
1617         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1618                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1619                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1620                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1621                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1622                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1623                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1624                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1625                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1626                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1627                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1628                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1629                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET,
1630                 [ACTION_SUSPEND] = SPECIAL_SUSPEND_TARGET,
1631                 [ACTION_HIBERNATE] = SPECIAL_HIBERNATE_TARGET
1632         };
1633
1634         int r, ret = 0;
1635         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1636         Set *s = NULL;
1637         DBusError error;
1638         char **name;
1639
1640         dbus_error_init(&error);
1641
1642         assert(bus);
1643
1644         ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled();
1645
1646         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1647                 method =
1648                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1649                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1650                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1651                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1652
1653                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1654                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1655
1656                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1657
1658                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1659                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1660
1661                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1662                                                                   "StartUnit";
1663
1664                 mode =
1665                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1666                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1667                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1668
1669                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1670
1671         } else {
1672                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1673                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1674
1675                 method = "StartUnit";
1676
1677                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1678                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1679                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1680                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1681                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1682                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1683
1684                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1685         }
1686
1687         if (!arg_no_block) {
1688                 ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus);
1689                 if (ret < 0) {
1690                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1691                         goto finish;
1692                 }
1693
1694                 s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
1695                 if (!s) {
1696                         ret = log_oom();
1697                         goto finish;
1698                 }
1699         }
1700
1701         if (one_name) {
1702                 ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s);
1703                 if (ret < 0)
1704                         ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(ret, &error);
1705         } else {
1706                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1707                         r = start_unit_one(bus, method, *name, mode, &error, s);
1708                         if (r < 0) {
1709                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1710                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1711                         }
1712                 }
1713         }
1714
1715         if (!arg_no_block) {
1716                 r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s);
1717                 if (r < 0) {
1718                         ret = r;
1719                         goto finish;
1720                 }
1721
1722                 /* When stopping units, warn if they can still be triggered by
1723                  * another active unit (socket, path, timer) */
1724                 if (!arg_quiet && streq(method, "StopUnit")) {
1725                         if (one_name)
1726                                 check_triggering_units(bus, one_name);
1727                         else
1728                                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
1729                                         check_triggering_units(bus, *name);
1730                 }
1731         }
1732
1733 finish:
1734         set_free_free(s);
1735         dbus_error_free(&error);
1736
1737         return ret;
1738 }
1739
1740 /* Ask systemd-logind, which might grant access to unprivileged users
1741  * through PolicyKit */
1742 static int reboot_with_logind(DBusConnection *bus, enum action a) {
1743 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
1744         const char *method;
1745         dbus_bool_t interactive = true;
1746
1747         polkit_agent_open_if_enabled();
1748
1749         switch (a) {
1750
1751         case ACTION_REBOOT:
1752                 method = "Reboot";
1753                 break;
1754
1755         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
1756                 method = "PowerOff";
1757                 break;
1758
1759         case ACTION_SUSPEND:
1760                 method = "Suspend";
1761                 break;
1762
1763         case ACTION_HIBERNATE:
1764                 method = "Hibernate";
1765                 break;
1766
1767         default:
1768                 return -EINVAL;
1769         }
1770
1771         return bus_method_call_with_reply (
1772                         bus,
1773                         "org.freedesktop.login1",
1774                         "/org/freedesktop/login1",
1775                         "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
1776                         method,
1777                         NULL,
1778                         NULL,
1779                         DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &interactive,
1780                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1781 #else
1782         return -ENOSYS;
1783 #endif
1784 }
1785
1786 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1787         enum action a;
1788         int r;
1789
1790         assert(args);
1791
1792         a = verb_to_action(args[0]);
1793
1794         if (arg_force >= 2 && geteuid() != 0) {
1795                 log_error("Must be root.");
1796                 return -EPERM;
1797         }
1798
1799         if (arg_force >= 2 &&
1800             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1801              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1802              a == ACTION_REBOOT))
1803                 halt_now(a);
1804
1805         if (arg_force >= 1 &&
1806             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1807              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1808              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1809              a == ACTION_KEXEC ||
1810              a == ACTION_EXIT))
1811                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1812
1813         /* first try logind, to allow authentication with polkit */
1814         if (geteuid() != 0 &&
1815             (a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1816              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1817              a == ACTION_SUSPEND ||
1818              a == ACTION_HIBERNATE)) {
1819                 r = reboot_with_logind(bus, a);
1820                 if (r >= 0)
1821                         return r;
1822         }
1823
1824         r = start_unit(bus, args);
1825         if (r >= 0)
1826                 warn_wall(a);
1827
1828         return r;
1829 }
1830
1831 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1832         char **name;
1833         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1834
1835         assert(bus);
1836         assert(args);
1837
1838         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1839                 int state = check_one_unit(bus, *name, arg_quiet);
1840                 if (state < 0)
1841                         return state;
1842                 if (state == 0)
1843                         r = 0;
1844         }
1845
1846         return r;
1847 }
1848
1849 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1850         int r = 0;
1851         char **name, *n;
1852
1853         assert(args);
1854
1855         if (!arg_kill_who)
1856                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1857
1858         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1859                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
1860                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1861                                 bus,
1862                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1863                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1864                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1865                                 "KillUnit",
1866                                 NULL,
1867                                 NULL,
1868                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? &n : name,
1869                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1870                                 DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1871                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1872                 free(n);
1873                 if (r)
1874                         return r;
1875         }
1876         return 0;
1877 }
1878
1879 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1880         char *name;
1881
1882         char *path;
1883         char **argv;
1884
1885         bool ignore;
1886
1887         usec_t start_timestamp;
1888         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1889         pid_t pid;
1890         int code;
1891         int status;
1892
1893         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1894 } ExecStatusInfo;
1895
1896 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1897         assert(i);
1898
1899         free(i->name);
1900         free(i->path);
1901         strv_free(i->argv);
1902         free(i);
1903 }
1904
1905 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1906         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
1907         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1908         const char*path;
1909         unsigned n;
1910         uint32_t pid;
1911         int32_t code, status;
1912         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1913
1914         assert(i);
1915         assert(i);
1916
1917         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1918                 return -EIO;
1919
1920         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1921
1922         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1923                 return -EIO;
1924
1925         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1926                 return -ENOMEM;
1927
1928         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1929             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1930                 return -EIO;
1931
1932         n = 0;
1933         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1934         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1935                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1936                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1937                 n++;
1938         }
1939
1940
1941         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1942                 return -ENOMEM;
1943
1944         n = 0;
1945         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1946         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1947                 const char *s;
1948
1949                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1950                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1951                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1952
1953                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1954                         return -ENOMEM;
1955         }
1956
1957         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1958             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1959             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1960             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1961             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1962             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1963             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1964             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1965             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1966                 return -EIO;
1967
1968         i->ignore = ignore;
1969         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1970         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1971         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1972         i->code = code;
1973         i->status = status;
1974
1975         return 0;
1976 }
1977
1978 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1979         const char *id;
1980         const char *load_state;
1981         const char *active_state;
1982         const char *sub_state;
1983         const char *unit_file_state;
1984
1985         const char *description;
1986         const char *following;
1987
1988         char **documentation;
1989
1990         const char *fragment_path;
1991         const char *source_path;
1992         const char *default_control_group;
1993
1994         const char *load_error;
1995         const char *result;
1996
1997         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1998         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic;
1999         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
2000         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
2001         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
2002
2003         bool need_daemon_reload;
2004
2005         /* Service */
2006         pid_t main_pid;
2007         pid_t control_pid;
2008         const char *status_text;
2009         bool running:1;
2010
2011         usec_t start_timestamp;
2012         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2013
2014         int exit_code, exit_status;
2015
2016         usec_t condition_timestamp;
2017         bool condition_result;
2018
2019         /* Socket */
2020         unsigned n_accepted;
2021         unsigned n_connections;
2022         bool accept;
2023
2024         /* Device */
2025         const char *sysfs_path;
2026
2027         /* Mount, Automount */
2028         const char *where;
2029
2030         /* Swap */
2031         const char *what;
2032
2033         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2034 } UnitStatusInfo;
2035
2036 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2037         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2038         const char *on, *off, *ss;
2039         usec_t timestamp;
2040         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
2041         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
2042         const char *path;
2043
2044         assert(i);
2045
2046         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
2047          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
2048
2049         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
2050
2051         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
2052                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
2053
2054         printf("\n");
2055
2056         if (i->following)
2057                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
2058
2059         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "error")) {
2060                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2061                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2062         } else
2063                 on = off = "";
2064
2065         path = i->source_path ? i->source_path : i->fragment_path;
2066
2067         if (i->load_error)
2068                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (Reason: %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->load_error);
2069         else if (path && i->unit_file_state)
2070                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s; %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, path, i->unit_file_state);
2071         else if (path)
2072                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, path);
2073         else
2074                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
2075
2076         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
2077
2078         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
2079                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2080                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2081         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
2082                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
2083                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
2084         } else
2085                 on = off = "";
2086
2087         if (ss)
2088                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
2089                        on,
2090                        strna(i->active_state),
2091                        ss,
2092                        off);
2093         else
2094                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
2095                        on,
2096                        strna(i->active_state),
2097                        off);
2098
2099         if (!isempty(i->result) && !streq(i->result, "success"))
2100                 printf(" (Result: %s)", i->result);
2101
2102         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
2103                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
2104                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
2105                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
2106                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
2107                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
2108
2109         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
2110         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
2111
2112         if (s1)
2113                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2114         else if (s2)
2115                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
2116         else
2117                 printf("\n");
2118
2119         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
2120                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
2121                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
2122
2123                 if (s1)
2124                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2125                 else if (s2)
2126                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
2127         }
2128
2129         if (i->sysfs_path)
2130                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
2131         if (i->where)
2132                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
2133         if (i->what)
2134                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
2135
2136         if (!strv_isempty(i->documentation)) {
2137                 char **t;
2138                 bool first = true;
2139
2140                 STRV_FOREACH(t, i->documentation) {
2141                         if (first) {
2142                                 printf("\t    Docs: %s\n", *t);
2143                                 first = false;
2144                         } else
2145                                 printf("\t          %s\n", *t);
2146                 }
2147         }
2148
2149         if (i->accept)
2150                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
2151
2152         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
2153                 char *t;
2154                 bool good;
2155
2156                 /* Only show exited processes here */
2157                 if (p->code == 0)
2158                         continue;
2159
2160                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
2161                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
2162                 free(t);
2163
2164                 good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status, NULL);
2165                 if (!good) {
2166                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2167                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2168                 } else
2169                         on = off = "";
2170
2171                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
2172
2173                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
2174                         const char *c;
2175
2176                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
2177
2178                         c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD);
2179                         if (c)
2180                                 printf("/%s", c);
2181
2182                 } else
2183                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
2184
2185                 printf(")%s\n", off);
2186
2187                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2188                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2189                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2190                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2191                         i->main_pid = 0;
2192
2193                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2194                         i->control_pid = 0;
2195         }
2196
2197         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2198                 printf("\t");
2199
2200                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2201                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2202
2203                         if (i->running) {
2204                                 char *t = NULL;
2205                                 get_process_comm(i->main_pid, &t);
2206                                 if (t) {
2207                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2208                                         free(t);
2209                                 }
2210                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2211                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2212
2213                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2214                                         const char *c;
2215
2216                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2217
2218                                         c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD);
2219                                         if (c)
2220                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2221
2222                                 } else
2223                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2224                                 printf(")");
2225                         }
2226                 }
2227
2228                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2229                         printf(";");
2230
2231                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2232                         char *t = NULL;
2233
2234                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2235
2236                         get_process_comm(i->control_pid, &t);
2237                         if (t) {
2238                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2239                                 free(t);
2240                         }
2241                 }
2242
2243                 printf("\n");
2244         }
2245
2246         if (i->status_text)
2247                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2248
2249         if (i->default_control_group) {
2250                 unsigned c;
2251
2252                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2253
2254                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2255                         unsigned k = 0;
2256                         pid_t extra[2];
2257
2258                         c = columns();
2259                         if (c > 18)
2260                                 c -= 18;
2261                         else
2262                                 c = 0;
2263
2264                         if (i->main_pid > 0)
2265                                 extra[k++] = i->main_pid;
2266
2267                         if (i->control_pid > 0)
2268                                 extra[k++] = i->control_pid;
2269
2270                         show_cgroup_and_extra_by_spec(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c, false, arg_all, extra, k);
2271                 }
2272         }
2273
2274         if (i->id && arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2275                 int flags =
2276                         arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |
2277                         (!on_tty() || pager_have()) * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH |
2278                         on_tty() * OUTPUT_COLOR |
2279                         !arg_quiet * OUTPUT_WARN_CUTOFF;
2280
2281                 printf("\n");
2282                 show_journal_by_unit(stdout,
2283                                      i->id,
2284                                      arg_output,
2285                                      0,
2286                                      i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic,
2287                                      arg_lines,
2288                                      flags);
2289         }
2290
2291         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2292                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2293                        ansi_highlight_red(true),
2294                        ansi_highlight_red(false),
2295                        arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
2296 }
2297
2298 static void show_unit_help(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2299         char **p;
2300
2301         assert(i);
2302
2303         if (!i->documentation) {
2304                 log_info("Documentation for %s not known.", i->id);
2305                 return;
2306         }
2307
2308         STRV_FOREACH(p, i->documentation) {
2309
2310                 if (startswith(*p, "man:")) {
2311                         size_t k;
2312                         char *e = NULL;
2313                         char *page = NULL, *section = NULL;
2314                         const char *args[4] = { "man", NULL, NULL, NULL };
2315                         pid_t pid;
2316
2317                         k = strlen(*p);
2318
2319                         if ((*p)[k-1] == ')')
2320                                 e = strrchr(*p, '(');
2321
2322                         if (e) {
2323                                 page = strndup((*p) + 4, e - *p - 4);
2324                                 if (!page) {
2325                                         log_oom();
2326                                         return;
2327                                 }
2328
2329                                 section = strndup(e + 1, *p + k - e - 2);
2330                                 if (!section) {
2331                                         free(page);
2332                                         log_oom();
2333                                         return;
2334                                 }
2335
2336                                 args[1] = section;
2337                                 args[2] = page;
2338                         } else
2339                                 args[1] = *p + 4;
2340
2341                         pid = fork();
2342                         if (pid < 0) {
2343                                 log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
2344                                 free(page);
2345                                 free(section);
2346                                 continue;
2347                         }
2348
2349                         if (pid == 0) {
2350                                 /* Child */
2351                                 execvp(args[0], (char**) args);
2352                                 log_error("Failed to execute man: %m");
2353                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2354                         }
2355
2356                         free(page);
2357                         free(section);
2358
2359                         wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
2360                 } else
2361                         log_info("Can't show: %s", *p);
2362         }
2363 }
2364
2365 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2366
2367         assert(name);
2368         assert(iter);
2369         assert(i);
2370
2371         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2372
2373         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2374                 const char *s;
2375
2376                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2377
2378                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2379                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2380                                 i->id = s;
2381                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2382                                 i->load_state = s;
2383                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2384                                 i->active_state = s;
2385                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2386                                 i->sub_state = s;
2387                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2388                                 i->description = s;
2389                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2390                                 i->fragment_path = s;
2391                         else if (streq(name, "SourcePath"))
2392                                 i->source_path = s;
2393                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2394                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2395                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2396                                 i->status_text = s;
2397                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2398                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2399                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2400                                 i->where = s;
2401                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2402                                 i->what = s;
2403                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2404                                 i->following = s;
2405                         else if (streq(name, "UnitFileState"))
2406                                 i->unit_file_state = s;
2407                         else if (streq(name, "Result"))
2408                                 i->result = s;
2409                 }
2410
2411                 break;
2412         }
2413
2414         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2415                 dbus_bool_t b;
2416
2417                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2418
2419                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2420                         i->accept = b;
2421                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2422                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2423                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2424                         i->condition_result = b;
2425
2426                 break;
2427         }
2428
2429         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2430                 uint32_t u;
2431
2432                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2433
2434                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2435                         if (u > 0) {
2436                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2437                                 i->running = true;
2438                         }
2439                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2440                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2441                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2442                         if (u > 0)
2443                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2444                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2445                         i->n_accepted = u;
2446                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2447                         i->n_connections = u;
2448
2449                 break;
2450         }
2451
2452         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2453                 int32_t j;
2454
2455                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2456
2457                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2458                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2459                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2460                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2461
2462                 break;
2463         }
2464
2465         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2466                 uint64_t u;
2467
2468                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2469
2470                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2471                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2472                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2473                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2474                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2475                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2476                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2477                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2478                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2479                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2480                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic"))
2481                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic = (usec_t) u;
2482                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2483                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2484                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2485                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2486
2487                 break;
2488         }
2489
2490         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2491
2492                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2493                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2494                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2495
2496                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2497                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2498                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2499                                 int r;
2500
2501                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2502                                         return -ENOMEM;
2503
2504                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2505                                         free(info);
2506                                         return -ENOMEM;
2507                                 }
2508
2509                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2510                                         free(info);
2511                                         return r;
2512                                 }
2513
2514                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2515
2516                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2517                         }
2518                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING &&
2519                            streq(name, "Documentation")) {
2520
2521                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2522
2523                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2524                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2525                                 const char *s;
2526                                 char **l;
2527
2528                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2529
2530                                 l = strv_append(i->documentation, s);
2531                                 if (!l)
2532                                         return -ENOMEM;
2533
2534                                 strv_free(i->documentation);
2535                                 i->documentation = l;
2536
2537                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2538                         }
2539                 }
2540
2541                 break;
2542         }
2543
2544         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2545
2546                 if (streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2547                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2548                         const char *n, *message;
2549                         int r;
2550
2551                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2552
2553                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n, true);
2554                         if (r < 0)
2555                                 return r;
2556
2557                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &message, false);
2558                         if (r < 0)
2559                                 return r;
2560
2561                         if (!isempty(message))
2562                                 i->load_error = message;
2563                 }
2564
2565                 break;
2566         }
2567         }
2568
2569         return 0;
2570 }
2571
2572 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2573         assert(name);
2574         assert(iter);
2575
2576         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2577          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2578
2579         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2580                 return 0;
2581
2582         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2583
2584         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2585                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2586                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2587
2588                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2589                         uint32_t u;
2590
2591                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2592
2593                         if (u)
2594                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2595                         else if (arg_all)
2596                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2597
2598                         return 0;
2599                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2600                         const char *s;
2601
2602                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2603
2604                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2605                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2606
2607                         return 0;
2608                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2609                         const char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
2610
2611                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &a, true) >= 0)
2612                                 bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &b, false);
2613
2614                         if (arg_all || !isempty(a) || !isempty(b))
2615                                 printf("%s=%s \"%s\"\n", name, strempty(a), strempty(b));
2616
2617                         return 0;
2618                 }
2619
2620                 break;
2621         }
2622
2623         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2624
2625                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2626                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2627
2628                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2629                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2630                                 const char *path;
2631                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2632
2633                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2634
2635                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2636                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2637                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore_errors=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2638
2639                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2640                         }
2641
2642                         return 0;
2643
2644                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2645                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2646
2647                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2648                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2649                                 const char *type, *path;
2650
2651                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2652
2653                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2654                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2655                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2656
2657                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2658                         }
2659
2660                         return 0;
2661
2662                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2663                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2664
2665                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2666                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2667                                 const char *base;
2668                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2669
2670                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2671
2672                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2673                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2674                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2675                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2676
2677                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2678                                                base,
2679                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2680                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2681                                 }
2682
2683                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2684                         }
2685
2686                         return 0;
2687
2688                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "ControlGroupAttributes")) {
2689                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2690
2691                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2692                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2693                                 const char *controller, *attr, *value;
2694
2695                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2696
2697                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &controller, true) >= 0 &&
2698                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &attr, true) >= 0 &&
2699                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &value, false) >= 0) {
2700
2701                                         printf("ControlGroupAttribute={ controller=%s ; attribute=%s ; value=\"%s\" }\n",
2702                                                controller,
2703                                                attr,
2704                                                value);
2705                                 }
2706
2707                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2708                         }
2709
2710                         return 0;
2711
2712                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2713                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2714
2715                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2716                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2717                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2718
2719                                 zero(info);
2720                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2721                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2722                                         char *t;
2723
2724                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2725
2726                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore_errors=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2727                                                name,
2728                                                strna(info.path),
2729                                                strna(t),
2730                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2731                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2732                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2733                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2734                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2735                                                info.status,
2736                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2737                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2738
2739                                         free(t);
2740                                 }
2741
2742                                 free(info.path);
2743                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2744
2745                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2746                         }
2747
2748                         return 0;
2749                 }
2750
2751                 break;
2752         }
2753
2754         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
2755                 return 0;
2756
2757         if (arg_all)
2758                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2759
2760         return 0;
2761 }
2762
2763 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2764         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
2765         const char *interface = "";
2766         int r;
2767         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2768         UnitStatusInfo info;
2769         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2770
2771         assert(path);
2772         assert(new_line);
2773
2774         zero(info);
2775
2776         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
2777                         bus,
2778                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2779                         path,
2780                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2781                         "GetAll",
2782                         &reply,
2783                         NULL,
2784                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2785                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
2786         if (r)
2787                 goto finish;
2788
2789         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2790             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2791             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2792                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2793                 r = -EIO;
2794                 goto finish;
2795         }
2796
2797         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2798
2799         if (*new_line)
2800                 printf("\n");
2801
2802         *new_line = true;
2803
2804         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2805                 const char *name;
2806
2807                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2808                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2809                         r = -EIO;
2810                         goto finish;
2811                 }
2812
2813                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2814
2815                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2816                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2817                         r = -EIO;
2818                         goto finish;
2819                 }
2820
2821                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2822                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2823                         r = -EIO;
2824                         goto finish;
2825                 }
2826
2827                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2828
2829                 if (show_properties)
2830                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2831                 else
2832                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2833
2834                 if (r < 0) {
2835                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2836                         r = -EIO;
2837                         goto finish;
2838                 }
2839
2840                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2841         }
2842
2843         r = 0;
2844
2845         if (!show_properties) {
2846                 if (streq(verb, "help"))
2847                         show_unit_help(&info);
2848                 else
2849                         print_status_info(&info);
2850         }
2851
2852         strv_free(info.documentation);
2853
2854         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2855             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2856             streq(verb, "status"))
2857                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2858                 r = 3;
2859
2860         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2861                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2862                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2863         }
2864
2865 finish:
2866         if (reply)
2867                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2868
2869         return r;
2870 }
2871
2872 static int show_one_by_pid(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, uint32_t pid, bool *new_line) {
2873         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
2874         const char *path = NULL;
2875         DBusError error;
2876         int r;
2877
2878         dbus_error_init(&error);
2879
2880         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
2881                         bus,
2882                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2883                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2884                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2885                         "GetUnitByPID",
2886                         &reply,
2887                         NULL,
2888                         DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid,
2889                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
2890         if (r)
2891                 goto finish;
2892
2893         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2894                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2895                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2896                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2897                 r = -EIO;
2898                 goto finish;
2899         }
2900
2901         r = show_one(verb, bus, path, false, new_line);
2902
2903 finish:
2904         if (reply)
2905                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2906
2907         dbus_error_free(&error);
2908
2909         return r;
2910 }
2911
2912 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2913         int r, ret = 0;
2914         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2915         char **name;
2916
2917         assert(bus);
2918         assert(args);
2919
2920         show_properties = streq(args[0], "show");
2921
2922         if (show_properties)
2923                 pager_open_if_enabled();
2924
2925         if (show_properties && strv_length(args) <= 1) {
2926                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2927                  * itself */
2928
2929                 return show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2930         }
2931
2932         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
2933                 uint32_t id;
2934
2935                 if (safe_atou32(*name, &id) < 0) {
2936                         char *p, *n;
2937                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2938
2939                         n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
2940                         p = unit_dbus_path_from_name(n ? n : *name);
2941                         free(n);
2942                         if (!p)
2943                                 return log_oom();
2944
2945                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
2946                         free(p);
2947
2948                         if (r != 0)
2949                                 ret = r;
2950
2951                 } else if (show_properties) {
2952
2953                         /* Interpret as job id */
2954
2955                         char *p;
2956                         if (asprintf(&p, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/%u", id) < 0)
2957                                 return log_oom();
2958
2959                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
2960                         free(p);
2961
2962                         if (r != 0)
2963                                 ret = r;
2964
2965                 } else {
2966
2967                         /* Interpret as PID */
2968
2969                         r = show_one_by_pid(args[0], bus, id, &new_line);
2970                         if (r != 0)
2971                                 ret = r;
2972                 }
2973         }
2974
2975         return ret;
2976 }
2977
2978 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2979         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
2980         DBusError error;
2981         int r;
2982         const char *text;
2983
2984         dbus_error_init(&error);
2985
2986         pager_open_if_enabled();
2987
2988         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
2989                         bus,
2990                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2991                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2992                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2993                         "Dump",
2994                         &reply,
2995                         NULL,
2996                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
2997         if (r)
2998                 goto finish;
2999
3000         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3001                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3002                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3003                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3004                 r = -EIO;
3005                 goto finish;
3006         }
3007
3008         fputs(text, stdout);
3009
3010 finish:
3011         if (reply)
3012                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3013
3014         dbus_error_free(&error);
3015
3016         return r;
3017 }
3018
3019 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3020         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3021         DBusError error;
3022         int r;
3023         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3024         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3025         const char
3026                 *name = "", *path, *id,
3027                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3028                 *property = "Id";
3029         char *n;
3030
3031         dbus_error_init(&error);
3032
3033         if (strv_length(args) > 1)
3034                 name = args[1];
3035
3036         n = unit_name_mangle(name);
3037         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3038                         bus,
3039                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3040                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3041                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3042                         "CreateSnapshot",
3043                         &reply,
3044                         NULL,
3045                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? (const char**) &n : &name,
3046                         DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3047                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3048         free(n);
3049         if (r)
3050                 goto finish;
3051
3052         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3053                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3054                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3055                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3056                 r = -EIO;
3057                 goto finish;
3058         }
3059
3060         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3061         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3062                         bus,
3063                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3064                         path,
3065                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3066                         "Get",
3067                         &reply,
3068                         NULL,
3069                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3070                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3071                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3072         if (r)
3073                 goto finish;
3074
3075         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3076             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3077                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3078                 r = -EIO;
3079                 goto finish;
3080         }
3081
3082         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3083
3084         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3085                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3086                 r = -EIO;
3087                 goto finish;
3088         }
3089
3090         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3091
3092         if (!arg_quiet)
3093                 puts(id);
3094
3095 finish:
3096         if (reply)
3097                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3098
3099         dbus_error_free(&error);
3100
3101         return r;
3102 }
3103
3104 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3105         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3106         int r = 0;
3107         DBusError error;
3108         char **name;
3109
3110         assert(args);
3111
3112         dbus_error_init(&error);
3113
3114         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3115                 const char *path = NULL;
3116                 char *n;
3117
3118                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3119                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3120                                 bus,
3121                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3122                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3123                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3124                                 "GetUnit",
3125                                 &reply,
3126                                 NULL,
3127                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? &n : name,
3128                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3129                 free(n);
3130                 if (r)
3131                         goto finish;
3132
3133                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3134                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3135                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3136                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3137                         r = -EIO;
3138                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3139                         dbus_error_free(&error);
3140                         goto finish;
3141                 }
3142                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3143
3144                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3145                                 bus,
3146                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3147                                 path,
3148                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3149                                 "Remove",
3150                                 NULL,
3151                                 NULL,
3152                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3153                 if (r)
3154                         goto finish;
3155         }
3156
3157 finish:
3158         return r;
3159 }
3160
3161 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3162         int r;
3163         const char *method;
3164         DBusError error;
3165
3166         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3167                 method = "Reload";
3168         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3169                 method = "Reexecute";
3170         else {
3171                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3172
3173                 method =
3174                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3175                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3176                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3177                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3178                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3179                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3180                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3181                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3182                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3183                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3184         }
3185
3186         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3187                         bus,
3188                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3189                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3190                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3191                         method,
3192                         NULL,
3193                         &error,
3194                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3195
3196         if (r == -ENOENT && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL)
3197                 /* There's always a fallback possible for
3198                  * legacy actions. */
3199                 r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3200         else if (r == -ETIMEDOUT && streq(method, "Reexecute"))
3201                 /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3202                  * a reply */
3203                 r = 0;
3204         else if (r)
3205                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3206         dbus_error_free(&error);
3207
3208         return r;
3209 }
3210
3211 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3212         int r = 0;
3213         char **name, *n;
3214
3215         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
3216                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
3217
3218         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3219                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3220                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3221                                 bus,
3222                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3223                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3224                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3225                                 "ResetFailedUnit",
3226                                 NULL,
3227                                 NULL,
3228                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, n ? &n : name,
3229                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3230                 free(n);
3231                 if (r)
3232                         goto finish;
3233         }
3234
3235 finish:
3236         return r;
3237 }
3238
3239 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3240         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3241         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3242         int r;
3243         const char
3244                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3245                 *property = "Environment";
3246
3247         pager_open_if_enabled();
3248
3249         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3250                         bus,
3251                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3252                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3253                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3254                         "Get",
3255                         &reply,
3256                         NULL,
3257                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3258                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3259                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3260         if (r)
3261                 goto finish;
3262
3263         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3264             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3265                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3266                 r = -EIO;
3267                 goto finish;
3268         }
3269
3270         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3271
3272         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3273             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3274                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3275                 r = -EIO;
3276                 goto finish;
3277         }
3278
3279         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3280
3281         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3282                 const char *text;
3283
3284                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3285                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3286                         r = -EIO;
3287                         goto finish;
3288                 }
3289
3290                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3291                 printf("%s\n", text);
3292
3293                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3294         }
3295
3296         r = 0;
3297
3298 finish:
3299         if (reply)
3300                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3301
3302         return r;
3303 }
3304
3305 static int switch_root(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3306         unsigned l;
3307         const char *root, *init;
3308
3309         l = strv_length(args);
3310         if (l < 2 || l > 3) {
3311                 log_error("Wrong number of arguments.");
3312                 return -EINVAL;
3313         }
3314
3315         root = args[1];
3316         init = l >= 3 ? args[2] : "";
3317
3318         return bus_method_call_with_reply (
3319                         bus,
3320                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3321                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3322                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3323                         "SwitchRoot",
3324                         NULL,
3325                         NULL,
3326                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &root,
3327                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &init,
3328                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3329 }
3330
3331 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3332         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3333         DBusError error;
3334         int r;
3335         const char *method;
3336         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3337         char **name;
3338
3339         dbus_error_init(&error);
3340
3341         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3342                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3343                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3344
3345         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3346                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3347                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3348                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3349                               method))) {
3350
3351                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3352                 return -ENOMEM;
3353         }
3354
3355         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3356
3357         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3358                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3359                 r = -ENOMEM;
3360                 goto finish;
3361         }
3362
3363         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
3364                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name)) {
3365                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3366                         r = -ENOMEM;
3367                         goto finish;
3368                 }
3369
3370         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3371                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3372                 r = -ENOMEM;
3373                 goto finish;
3374         }
3375
3376         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3377                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3378                 r = -EIO;
3379                 goto finish;
3380         }
3381
3382         r = 0;
3383
3384 finish:
3385         if (m)
3386                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3387
3388         if (reply)
3389                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3390
3391         dbus_error_free(&error);
3392
3393         return r;
3394 }
3395
3396 static int enable_sysv_units(char **args) {
3397         int r = 0;
3398
3399 #if defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT) && (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA) || defined(TARGET_SUSE) || defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX) || defined(TARGET_MAGEIA))
3400         const char *verb = args[0];
3401         unsigned f = 1, t = 1;
3402         LookupPaths paths;
3403
3404         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
3405                 return 0;
3406
3407         if (!streq(verb, "enable") &&
3408             !streq(verb, "disable") &&
3409             !streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3410                 return 0;
3411
3412         /* Processes all SysV units, and reshuffles the array so that
3413          * afterwards only the native units remain */
3414
3415         zero(paths);
3416         r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, SYSTEMD_SYSTEM, false, NULL, NULL, NULL);
3417         if (r < 0)
3418                 return r;
3419
3420         r = 0;
3421         for (f = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3422                 const char *name;
3423                 char *p;
3424                 bool found_native = false, found_sysv;
3425                 unsigned c = 1;
3426                 const char *argv[6] = { "/sbin/chkconfig", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
3427                 char **k, *l, *q = NULL;
3428                 int j;
3429                 pid_t pid;
3430                 siginfo_t status;
3431
3432                 name = args[f];
3433
3434                 if (!endswith(name, ".service"))
3435                         continue;
3436
3437                 if (path_is_absolute(name))
3438                         continue;
3439
3440                 STRV_FOREACH(k, paths.unit_path) {
3441                         p = NULL;
3442
3443                         if (!isempty(arg_root))
3444                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s/%s", arg_root, *k, name);
3445                         else
3446                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", *k, name);
3447
3448                         if (!p) {
3449                                 r = log_oom();
3450                                 goto finish;
3451                         }
3452
3453                         found_native = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3454                         free(p);
3455
3456                         if (found_native)
3457                                 break;
3458                 }
3459
3460                 if (found_native)
3461                         continue;
3462
3463                 p = NULL;
3464                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3465                         asprintf(&p, "%s/" SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", arg_root, name);
3466                 else
3467                         asprintf(&p, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", name);
3468                 if (!p) {
3469                         r = log_oom();
3470                         goto finish;
3471                 }
3472
3473                 p[strlen(p) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3474                 found_sysv = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3475
3476                 if (!found_sysv) {
3477                         free(p);
3478                         continue;
3479                 }
3480
3481                 /* Mark this entry, so that we don't try enabling it as native unit */
3482                 args[f] = (char*) "";
3483
3484                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", name);
3485
3486                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3487                         argv[c++] = q = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
3488
3489                 argv[c++] = path_get_file_name(p);
3490                 argv[c++] =
3491                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3492                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
3493                 argv[c] = NULL;
3494
3495                 l = strv_join((char**)argv, " ");
3496                 if (!l) {
3497                         free(q);
3498                         free(p);
3499                         r = log_oom();
3500                         goto finish;
3501                 }
3502
3503                 log_info("Executing %s", l);
3504                 free(l);
3505
3506                 pid = fork();
3507                 if (pid < 0) {
3508                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3509                         free(p);
3510                         free(q);
3511                         r = -errno;
3512                         goto finish;
3513                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3514                         /* Child */
3515
3516                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3517                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3518                 }
3519
3520                 free(p);
3521                 free(q);
3522
3523                 j = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3524                 if (j < 0) {
3525                         log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
3526                         r = j;
3527                         goto finish;
3528                 }
3529
3530                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3531                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3532                                 if (status.si_status == 0) {
3533                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3534                                                 puts("enabled");
3535                                         r = 1;
3536                                 } else {
3537                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3538                                                 puts("disabled");
3539                                 }
3540
3541                         } else if (status.si_status != 0) {
3542                                 r = -EINVAL;
3543                                 goto finish;
3544                         }
3545                 } else {
3546                         r = -EPROTO;
3547                         goto finish;
3548                 }
3549         }
3550
3551 finish:
3552         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3553
3554         /* Drop all SysV units */
3555         for (f = 1, t = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3556
3557                 if (isempty(args[f]))
3558                         continue;
3559
3560                 args[t++] = args[f];
3561         }
3562
3563         args[t] = NULL;
3564
3565 #endif
3566         return r;
3567 }
3568
3569 static int mangle_names(char **original_names, char ***mangled_names) {
3570         char **i, **l, **name;
3571
3572         l = new(char*, strv_length(original_names) + 1);
3573         if (!l)
3574                 return log_oom();
3575
3576         i = l;
3577         STRV_FOREACH(name, original_names) {
3578
3579                 /* When enabling units qualified path names are OK,
3580                  * too, hence allow them explicitly. */
3581
3582                 if (is_path(*name))
3583                         *i = strdup(*name);
3584                 else
3585                         *i = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3586
3587                 if (!*i) {
3588                         strv_free(l);
3589                         return log_oom();
3590                 }
3591
3592                 i++;
3593         }
3594
3595         *i = NULL;
3596         *mangled_names = l;
3597
3598         return 0;
3599 }
3600
3601 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3602         const char *verb = args[0];
3603         UnitFileChange *changes = NULL;
3604         unsigned n_changes = 0, i;
3605         int carries_install_info = -1;
3606         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3607         int r;
3608         DBusError error;
3609         char **mangled_names = NULL;
3610
3611         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3612         if (r < 0)
3613                 return r;
3614
3615         if (!args[1])
3616                 return 0;
3617
3618         dbus_error_init(&error);
3619
3620         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3621                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3622                         r = unit_file_enable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3623                         carries_install_info = r;
3624                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3625                         r = unit_file_disable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3626                 else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3627                         r = unit_file_reenable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3628                         carries_install_info = r;
3629                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3630                         r = unit_file_link(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3631                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3632                         r = unit_file_preset(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3633                         carries_install_info = r;
3634                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3635                         r = unit_file_mask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3636                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask"))
3637                         r = unit_file_unmask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3638                 else
3639                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3640
3641                 if (r < 0) {
3642                         log_error("Operation failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3643                         goto finish;
3644                 }
3645
3646                 if (!arg_quiet) {
3647                         for (i = 0; i < n_changes; i++) {
3648                                 if (changes[i].type == UNIT_FILE_SYMLINK)
3649                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", changes[i].source, changes[i].path);
3650                                 else
3651                                         log_info("rm '%s'", changes[i].path);
3652                         }
3653                 }
3654
3655         } else {
3656                 const char *method;
3657                 bool send_force = true, expect_carries_install_info = false;
3658                 dbus_bool_t a, b;
3659                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3660
3661                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3662                         method = "EnableUnitFiles";
3663                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3664                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3665                         method = "DisableUnitFiles";
3666                         send_force = false;
3667                 } else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3668                         method = "ReenableUnitFiles";
3669                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3670                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3671                         method = "LinkUnitFiles";
3672                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3673                         method = "PresetUnitFiles";
3674                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3675                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3676                         method = "MaskUnitFiles";
3677                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask")) {
3678                         method = "UnmaskUnitFiles";
3679                         send_force = false;
3680                 } else
3681                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3682
3683                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3684                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3685                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3686                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3687                                 method);
3688                 if (!m) {
3689                         r = log_oom();
3690                         goto finish;
3691                 }
3692
3693                 dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3694
3695                 r = mangle_names(args+1, &mangled_names);
3696                 if(r < 0)
3697                         goto finish;
3698
3699                 r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, mangled_names);
3700                 if (r < 0) {
3701                         log_error("Failed to append unit files.");
3702                         goto finish;
3703                 }
3704
3705                 a = arg_runtime;
3706                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &a)) {
3707                         log_error("Failed to append runtime boolean.");
3708                         r = -ENOMEM;
3709                         goto finish;
3710                 }
3711
3712                 if (send_force) {
3713                         b = arg_force;
3714
3715                         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b)) {
3716                                 log_error("Failed to append force boolean.");
3717                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3718                                 goto finish;
3719                         }
3720                 }
3721
3722                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3723                 if (!reply) {
3724                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3725                         r = -EIO;
3726                         goto finish;
3727                 }
3728
3729                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
3730                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
3731                         goto finish;
3732                 }
3733
3734                 if (expect_carries_install_info) {
3735                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b, true);
3736                         if (r < 0) {
3737                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3738                                 goto finish;
3739                         }
3740
3741                         carries_install_info = b;
3742                 }
3743
3744                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3745                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
3746                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3747                         r = -EIO;
3748                         goto finish;
3749                 }
3750
3751                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3752                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3753                         const char *type, *path, *source;
3754
3755                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
3756                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3757                                 r = -EIO;
3758                                 goto finish;
3759                         }
3760
3761                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3762
3763                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
3764                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0 ||
3765                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &source, false) < 0) {
3766                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3767                                 r = -EIO;
3768                                 goto finish;
3769                         }
3770
3771                         if (!arg_quiet) {
3772                                 if (streq(type, "symlink"))
3773                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", source, path);
3774                                 else
3775                                         log_info("rm '%s'", path);
3776                         }
3777
3778                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3779                 }
3780
3781                 /* Try to reload if enabeld */
3782                 if (!arg_no_reload)
3783                         r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
3784         }
3785
3786         if (carries_install_info == 0)
3787                 log_warning("The unit files have no [Install] section. They are not meant to be enabled using systemctl.");
3788
3789 finish:
3790         if (m)
3791                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3792
3793         if (reply)
3794                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3795
3796         unit_file_changes_free(changes, n_changes);
3797
3798         dbus_error_free(&error);
3799
3800         strv_free(mangled_names);
3801
3802         return r;
3803 }
3804
3805 static int unit_is_enabled(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3806         DBusError error;
3807         int r;
3808         DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3809         bool enabled;
3810         char **name;
3811
3812         dbus_error_init(&error);
3813
3814         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3815         if (r < 0)
3816                 return r;
3817
3818         enabled = r > 0;
3819
3820         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3821
3822                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3823                         UnitFileState state;
3824
3825                         state = unit_file_get_state(arg_scope, arg_root, *name);
3826                         if (state < 0) {
3827                                 r = state;
3828                                 goto finish;
3829                         }
3830
3831                         if (state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED ||
3832                             state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED_RUNTIME ||
3833                             state == UNIT_FILE_STATIC)
3834                                 enabled = true;
3835
3836                         if (!arg_quiet)
3837                                 puts(unit_file_state_to_string(state));
3838                 }
3839
3840         } else {
3841                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3842                         const char *s;
3843
3844                         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3845                                         bus,
3846                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3847                                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3848                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3849                                         "GetUnitFileState",
3850                                         &reply,
3851                                         NULL,
3852                                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3853                                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3854                         if (r)
3855                                 goto finish;
3856
3857                         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3858                                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s,
3859                                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3860                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3861                                 r = -EIO;
3862                                 goto finish;
3863                         }
3864
3865                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3866                         reply = NULL;
3867
3868                         if (streq(s, "enabled") ||
3869                             streq(s, "enabled-runtime") ||
3870                             streq(s, "static"))
3871                                 enabled = true;
3872
3873                         if (!arg_quiet)
3874                                 puts(s);
3875                 }
3876         }
3877
3878         r = enabled ? 0 : 1;
3879
3880 finish:
3881         if (reply)
3882                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3883
3884         dbus_error_free(&error);
3885         return r;
3886 }
3887
3888 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3889
3890         pager_open_if_enabled();
3891
3892         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3893                "Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.\n\n"
3894                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
3895                "     --version        Show package version\n"
3896                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
3897                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
3898                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3899                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
3900                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3901                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3902                "                      pending\n"
3903                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
3904                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
3905                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
3906                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
3907                "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST\n"
3908                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
3909                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
3910                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
3911                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3912                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3913                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3914                "                      configuration\n"
3915                "     --no-legend      Do not print a legend (column headers and hints)\n"
3916                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
3917                "     --no-ask-password\n"
3918                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
3919                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3920                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3921                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
3922                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
3923                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3924                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3925                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
3926                "     --root=PATH      Enable unit files in the specified root directory\n"
3927                "     --runtime        Enable unit files only temporarily until next reboot\n"
3928                "  -n --lines=INTEGER  Journal entries to show\n"
3929                "  -o --output=STRING  Change journal output mode (short, short-monotonic,\n"
3930                "                      verbose, export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat)\n\n"
3931                "Unit Commands:\n"
3932                "  list-units                      List loaded units\n"
3933                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3934                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3935                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3936                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3937                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3938                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3939                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3940                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3941                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3942                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3943                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
3944                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3945                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3946                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3947                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3948                "  help [NAME...|PID...]            Show manual for one or more units\n"
3949                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
3950                "                                  units\n"
3951                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n\n"
3952                "Unit File Commands:\n"
3953                "  list-unit-files                 List installed unit files\n"
3954                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3955                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3956                "  reenable [NAME...]              Reenable one or more unit files\n"
3957                "  preset [NAME...]                Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
3958                "                                  based on preset configuration\n"
3959                "  mask [NAME...]                  Mask one or more units\n"
3960                "  unmask [NAME...]                Unmask one or more units\n"
3961                "  link [PATH...]                  Link one or more units files into\n"
3962                "                                  the search path\n"
3963                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n\n"
3964                "Job Commands:\n"
3965                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3966                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n\n"
3967                "Status Commands:\n"
3968                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3969                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n\n"
3970                "Snapshot Commands:\n"
3971                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3972                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n\n"
3973                "Environment Commands:\n"
3974                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3975                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3976                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n\n"
3977                "Manager Lifecycle Commands:\n"
3978                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3979                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n\n"
3980                "System Commands:\n"
3981                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
3982                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3983                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3984                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3985                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3986                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3987                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
3988                "  exit                            Request user instance exit\n"
3989                "  switch-root [ROOT] [INIT]       Change to a different root file system\n"
3990                "  suspend                         Suspend the system\n"
3991                "  hibernate                       Hibernate the system\n",
3992                program_invocation_short_name);
3993
3994         return 0;
3995 }
3996
3997 static int halt_help(void) {
3998
3999         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4000                "%s the system.\n\n"
4001                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4002                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4003                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4004                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4005                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4006                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4007                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4008                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4009                program_invocation_short_name,
4010                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4011                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4012                                                "Halt");
4013
4014         return 0;
4015 }
4016
4017 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4018
4019         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4020                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4021                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4022                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4023                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4024                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4025                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overridden by --halt\n"
4026                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4027                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4028                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4029                program_invocation_short_name);
4030
4031         return 0;
4032 }
4033
4034 static int telinit_help(void) {
4035
4036         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4037                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4038                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4039                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4040                "Commands:\n"
4041                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4042                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4043                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4044                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4045                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4046                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4047                program_invocation_short_name);
4048
4049         return 0;
4050 }
4051
4052 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4053
4054         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4055                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4056                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4057                program_invocation_short_name);
4058
4059         return 0;
4060 }
4061
4062 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4063
4064         enum {
4065                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4066                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4067                 ARG_VERSION,
4068                 ARG_USER,
4069                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4070                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4071                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4072                 ARG_NO_LEGEND,
4073                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4074                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4075                 ARG_ORDER,
4076                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4077                 ARG_ROOT,
4078                 ARG_FULL,
4079                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4080                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4081                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4082                 ARG_FAILED,
4083                 ARG_RUNTIME,
4084                 ARG_FORCE
4085         };
4086
4087         static const struct option options[] = {
4088                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4089                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4090                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4091                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4092                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4093                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4094                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4095                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4096                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4097                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4098                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4099                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4100                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4101                 { "no-legend", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },
4102                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4103                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4104                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4105                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4106                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4107                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4108                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4109                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4110                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4111                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4112                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4113                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4114                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4115                 { "runtime",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME   },
4116                 { "lines",     required_argument, NULL, 'n'           },
4117                 { "output",    required_argument, NULL, 'o'           },
4118                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4119         };
4120
4121         int c;
4122
4123         assert(argc >= 0);
4124         assert(argv);
4125
4126         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:Pn:o:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4127
4128                 switch (c) {
4129
4130                 case 'h':
4131                         systemctl_help();
4132                         return 0;
4133
4134                 case ARG_VERSION:
4135                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4136                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4137                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4138                         return 0;
4139
4140                 case 't':
4141                         if (unit_type_from_string(optarg) >= 0) {
4142                                 arg_type = optarg;
4143                                 break;
4144                         }
4145                         if (unit_load_state_from_string(optarg) >= 0) {
4146                                 arg_load_state = optarg;
4147                                 break;
4148                         }
4149                         log_error("Unkown unit type or load state '%s'.",
4150                                   optarg);
4151                         return -EINVAL;
4152                 case 'p': {
4153                         char **l;
4154
4155                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4156                                 return -ENOMEM;
4157
4158                         strv_free(arg_property);
4159                         arg_property = l;
4160
4161                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4162                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4163                          * empty. */
4164                         arg_all = true;
4165                         break;
4166                 }
4167
4168                 case 'a':
4169                         arg_all = true;
4170                         break;
4171
4172                 case ARG_FAIL:
4173                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4174                         break;
4175
4176                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4177                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4178                         break;
4179
4180                 case ARG_USER:
4181                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
4182                         break;
4183
4184                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4185                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
4186                         break;
4187
4188                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4189                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
4190                         break;
4191
4192                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4193                         arg_no_block = true;
4194                         break;
4195
4196                 case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
4197                         arg_no_legend = true;
4198                         break;
4199
4200                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4201                         arg_no_pager = true;
4202                         break;
4203
4204                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4205                         arg_no_wall = true;
4206                         break;
4207
4208                 case ARG_ORDER:
4209                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4210                         break;
4211
4212                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4213                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4214                         break;
4215
4216                 case ARG_ROOT:
4217                         arg_root = optarg;
4218                         break;
4219
4220                 case ARG_FULL:
4221                         arg_full = true;
4222                         break;
4223
4224                 case ARG_FAILED:
4225                         arg_failed = true;
4226                         break;
4227
4228                 case 'q':
4229                         arg_quiet = true;
4230                         break;
4231
4232                 case ARG_FORCE:
4233                         arg_force ++;
4234                         break;
4235
4236                 case 'f':
4237                         arg_force ++;
4238                         break;
4239
4240                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4241                         arg_no_reload = true;
4242                         break;
4243
4244                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4245                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4246                         break;
4247
4248                 case 's':
4249                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4250                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4251                                 return -EINVAL;
4252                         }
4253                         break;
4254
4255                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4256                         arg_ask_password = false;
4257                         break;
4258
4259                 case 'P':
4260                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4261                         break;
4262
4263                 case 'H':
4264                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4265                         arg_host = optarg;
4266                         break;
4267
4268                 case ARG_RUNTIME:
4269                         arg_runtime = true;
4270                         break;
4271
4272                 case 'n':
4273                         if (safe_atou(optarg, &arg_lines) < 0) {
4274                                 log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);
4275                                 return -EINVAL;
4276                         }
4277                         break;
4278
4279                 case 'o':
4280                         arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
4281                         if (arg_output < 0) {
4282                                 log_error("Unknown output '%s'.", optarg);
4283                                 return -EINVAL;
4284                         }
4285                         break;
4286
4287                 case '?':
4288                         return -EINVAL;
4289
4290                 default:
4291                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4292                         return -EINVAL;
4293                 }
4294         }
4295
4296         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
4297                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4298                 return -EINVAL;
4299         }
4300
4301         return 1;
4302 }
4303
4304 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4305
4306         enum {
4307                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4308                 ARG_HALT,
4309                 ARG_REBOOT,
4310                 ARG_NO_WALL
4311         };
4312
4313         static const struct option options[] = {
4314                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4315                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4316                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4317                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4318                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4319                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4320                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4321                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4322                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4323         };
4324
4325         int c, runlevel;
4326
4327         assert(argc >= 0);
4328         assert(argv);
4329
4330         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4331                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4332                         arg_force = 2;
4333
4334         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4335                 switch (c) {
4336
4337                 case ARG_HELP:
4338                         halt_help();
4339                         return 0;
4340
4341                 case ARG_HALT:
4342                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4343                         break;
4344
4345                 case 'p':
4346                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4347                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4348                         break;
4349
4350                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4351                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4352                         break;
4353
4354                 case 'f':
4355                         arg_force = 2;
4356                         break;
4357
4358                 case 'w':
4359                         arg_dry = true;
4360                         break;
4361
4362                 case 'd':
4363                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4364                         break;
4365
4366                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4367                         arg_no_wall = true;
4368                         break;
4369
4370                 case 'i':
4371                 case 'h':
4372                 case 'n':
4373                         /* Compatibility nops */
4374                         break;
4375
4376                 case '?':
4377                         return -EINVAL;
4378
4379                 default:
4380                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4381                         return -EINVAL;
4382                 }
4383         }
4384
4385         if (optind < argc) {
4386                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4387                 return -EINVAL;
4388         }
4389
4390         return 1;
4391 }
4392
4393 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4394         assert(t);
4395         assert(_u);
4396
4397         if (streq(t, "now"))
4398                 *_u = 0;
4399         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4400                 uint64_t u;
4401
4402                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4403                         return -EINVAL;
4404
4405                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4406         } else {
4407                 char *e = NULL;
4408                 long hour, minute;
4409                 struct tm tm;
4410                 time_t s;
4411                 usec_t n;
4412
4413                 errno = 0;
4414                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4415                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4416                         return -EINVAL;
4417
4418                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4419                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4420                         return -EINVAL;
4421
4422                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4423                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4424
4425                 zero(tm);
4426                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4427
4428                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4429                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4430                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4431
4432                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4433
4434                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4435
4436                 while (*_u <= n)
4437                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4438         }
4439
4440         return 0;
4441 }
4442
4443 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4444
4445         enum {
4446                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4447                 ARG_NO_WALL
4448         };
4449
4450         static const struct option options[] = {
4451                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4452                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4453                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4454                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4455                 { "kexec",     no_argument,       NULL, 'K'         }, /* not documented extension */
4456                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4457                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4458         };
4459
4460         int c, r;
4461
4462         assert(argc >= 0);
4463         assert(argv);
4464
4465         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4466                 switch (c) {
4467
4468                 case ARG_HELP:
4469                         shutdown_help();
4470                         return 0;
4471
4472                 case 'H':
4473                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4474                         break;
4475
4476                 case 'P':
4477                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4478                         break;
4479
4480                 case 'r':
4481                         if (kexec_loaded())
4482                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4483                         else
4484                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4485                         break;
4486
4487                 case 'K':
4488                         arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4489                         break;
4490
4491                 case 'h':
4492                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4493                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4494                         break;
4495
4496                 case 'k':
4497                         arg_dry = true;
4498                         break;
4499
4500                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4501                         arg_no_wall = true;
4502                         break;
4503
4504                 case 't':
4505                 case 'a':
4506                         /* Compatibility nops */
4507                         break;
4508
4509                 case 'c':
4510                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4511                         break;
4512
4513                 case '?':
4514                         return -EINVAL;
4515
4516                 default:
4517                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4518                         return -EINVAL;
4519                 }
4520         }
4521
4522         if (argc > optind && arg_action != ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN) {
4523                 r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when);
4524                 if (r < 0) {
4525                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4526                         return r;
4527                 }
4528         } else
4529                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4530
4531         if (argc > optind && arg_action == ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN)
4532                 /* No time argument for shutdown cancel */
4533                 arg_wall = argv + optind;
4534         else if (argc > optind + 1)
4535                 /* We skip the time argument */
4536                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4537
4538         optind = argc;
4539
4540         return 1;
4541 }
4542
4543 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4544
4545         enum {
4546                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4547                 ARG_NO_WALL
4548         };
4549
4550         static const struct option options[] = {
4551                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4552                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4553                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4554         };
4555
4556         static const struct {
4557                 char from;
4558                 enum action to;
4559         } table[] = {
4560                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4561                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4562                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4563                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4564                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4565                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4566                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4567                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4568                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4569                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4570                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4571                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4572                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4573         };
4574
4575         unsigned i;
4576         int c;
4577
4578         assert(argc >= 0);
4579         assert(argv);
4580
4581         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4582                 switch (c) {
4583
4584                 case ARG_HELP:
4585                         telinit_help();
4586                         return 0;
4587
4588                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4589                         arg_no_wall = true;
4590                         break;
4591
4592                 case '?':
4593                         return -EINVAL;
4594
4595                 default:
4596                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4597                         return -EINVAL;
4598                 }
4599         }
4600
4601         if (optind >= argc) {
4602                 telinit_help();
4603                 return -EINVAL;
4604         }
4605
4606         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4607                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4608                 return -EINVAL;
4609         }
4610
4611         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4612                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4613                 return -EINVAL;
4614         }
4615
4616         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4617                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4618                         break;
4619
4620         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4621                 log_error("Unknown command '%s'.", argv[optind]);
4622                 return -EINVAL;
4623         }
4624
4625         arg_action = table[i].to;
4626
4627         optind ++;
4628
4629         return 1;
4630 }
4631
4632 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4633
4634         enum {
4635                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4636         };
4637
4638         static const struct option options[] = {
4639                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4640                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4641         };
4642
4643         int c;
4644
4645         assert(argc >= 0);
4646         assert(argv);
4647
4648         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4649                 switch (c) {
4650
4651                 case ARG_HELP:
4652                         runlevel_help();
4653                         return 0;
4654
4655                 case '?':
4656                         return -EINVAL;
4657
4658                 default:
4659                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4660                         return -EINVAL;
4661                 }
4662         }
4663
4664         if (optind < argc) {
4665                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4666                 return -EINVAL;
4667         }
4668
4669         return 1;
4670 }
4671
4672 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4673         assert(argc >= 0);
4674         assert(argv);
4675
4676         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4677
4678                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4679                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4680                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4681                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4682                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4683                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4684                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4685                         if (kexec_loaded())
4686                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4687                         else
4688                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4689                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4690                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4691                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4692                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4693                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4694
4695                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4696                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4697                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4698                         } else {
4699                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4700                                  * running, we need to forward this
4701                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4702                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4703
4704                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4705
4706                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4707                                 return -EIO;
4708                         }
4709
4710                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4711                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4712                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4713                 }
4714         }
4715
4716         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4717         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4718 }
4719
4720 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4721
4722         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4723                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4724                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4725                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4726                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4727                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4728                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4729                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4730                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4731         };
4732
4733         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4734
4735         return table[arg_action];
4736 }
4737
4738 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4739         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4740         DBusError error;
4741         int previous, rl, r;
4742         char
4743                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4744                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4745         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4746         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4747         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4748         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4749         DBusConnection *bus;
4750
4751         dbus_error_init(&error);
4752
4753         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4754                 return 0;
4755
4756         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4757                 previous = 'N';
4758
4759         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4760                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4761                         r = 0;
4762                         goto finish;
4763                 }
4764
4765                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4766                 r = -EIO;
4767                 goto finish;
4768         }
4769
4770         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4771                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4772                 goto finish;
4773         }
4774
4775         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4776                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4777                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4778                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4779                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4780
4781                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4782                 r = -ENOMEM;
4783                 goto finish;
4784         }
4785
4786         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4787
4788         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4789         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4790
4791         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4792             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4793             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4794             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4795             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4796             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4797                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4798                 r = -ENOMEM;
4799                 goto finish;
4800         }
4801
4802         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4803
4804                 if (bus_error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4805                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4806                         goto finish;
4807                 }
4808
4809                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4810                 r = -EIO;
4811                 goto finish;
4812         }
4813
4814         r = 1;
4815
4816 finish:
4817         if (m)
4818                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4819
4820         if (reply)
4821                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4822
4823         if (bus) {
4824                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4825                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4826                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4827         }
4828
4829         dbus_error_free(&error);
4830
4831         return r;
4832 }
4833
4834 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4835         struct init_request request;
4836         int r, fd;
4837         char rl;
4838
4839         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4840                 return 0;
4841
4842         zero(request);
4843         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4844         request.sleeptime = 0;
4845         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4846         request.runlevel = rl;
4847
4848         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4849
4850                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4851                         return 0;
4852
4853                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4854                 return -errno;
4855         }
4856
4857         errno = 0;
4858         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4859         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4860
4861         if (r < 0) {
4862                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4863                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4864         }
4865
4866         return 1;
4867 }
4868
4869 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4870
4871         static const struct {
4872                 const char* verb;
4873                 const enum {
4874                         MORE,
4875                         LESS,
4876                         EQUAL
4877                 } argc_cmp;
4878                 const int argc;
4879                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
4880         } verbs[] = {
4881                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4882                 { "list-unit-files",       EQUAL, 1, list_unit_files   },
4883                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4884                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4885                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4886                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4887                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4888                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4889                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
4890                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4891                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4892                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4893                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4894                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4895                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4896                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
4897                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4898                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4899                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
4900                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4901                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4902                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4903                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4904                 { "help",                  MORE,  2, show              },
4905                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4906                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4907                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4908                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4909                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4910                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4911                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4912                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4913                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4914                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4915                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4916                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4917                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4918                 { "suspend",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4919                 { "hibernate",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4920                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4921                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4922                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4923                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4924                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
4925                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4926                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4927                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, unit_is_enabled   },
4928                 { "reenable",              MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4929                 { "preset",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4930                 { "mask",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4931                 { "unmask",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4932                 { "link",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4933                 { "switch-root",           MORE,  2, switch_root       },
4934         };
4935
4936         int left;
4937         unsigned i;
4938
4939         assert(argc >= 0);
4940         assert(argv);
4941         assert(error);
4942
4943         left = argc - optind;
4944
4945         if (left <= 0)
4946                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4947                 i = 0;
4948         else {
4949                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help") && !argv[optind+1]) {
4950                         log_error("This command expects one or more "
4951                                   "unit names. Did you mean --help?");
4952                         return -EINVAL;
4953                 }
4954
4955                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4956                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4957                                 break;
4958
4959                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4960                         log_error("Unknown operation '%s'.", argv[optind]);
4961                         return -EINVAL;
4962                 }
4963         }
4964
4965         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4966
4967         case EQUAL:
4968                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4969                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4970                         return -EINVAL;
4971                 }
4972
4973                 break;
4974
4975         case MORE:
4976                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4977                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4978                         return -EINVAL;
4979                 }
4980
4981                 break;
4982
4983         case LESS:
4984                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4985                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4986                         return -EINVAL;
4987                 }
4988
4989                 break;
4990
4991         default:
4992                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4993         }
4994
4995         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4996          * enable/disable */
4997         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4998             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4999             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "is-enabled") &&
5000             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "list-unit-files") &&
5001             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "reenable") &&
5002             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "preset") &&
5003             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "mask") &&
5004             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "unmask") &&
5005             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "link")) {
5006
5007                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5008                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5009                         return 0;
5010                 }
5011
5012                 if (((!streq(verbs[i].verb, "reboot") &&
5013                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "halt") &&
5014                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "poweroff")) || arg_force <= 0) && !bus) {
5015                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5016                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5017                         return -EIO;
5018                 }
5019
5020         } else {
5021
5022                 if (!bus && !avoid_bus()) {
5023                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5024                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5025                         return -EIO;
5026                 }
5027         }
5028
5029         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind);
5030 }
5031
5032 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5033         int fd;
5034         struct msghdr msghdr;
5035         struct iovec iovec[2];
5036         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5037         struct sd_shutdown_command c;
5038
5039         fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5040         if (fd < 0)
5041                 return -errno;
5042
5043         zero(c);
5044         c.usec = t;
5045         c.mode = mode;
5046         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5047         c.warn_wall = warn;
5048
5049         zero(sockaddr);
5050         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5051         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5052
5053         zero(msghdr);
5054         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5055         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5056
5057         zero(iovec);
5058         iovec[0].iov_base = (char*) &c;
5059         iovec[0].iov_len = offsetof(struct sd_shutdown_command, wall_message);
5060
5061         if (isempty(message))
5062                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5063         else {
5064                 iovec[1].iov_base = (char*) message;
5065                 iovec[1].iov_len = strlen(message);
5066                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 2;
5067         }
5068         msghdr.msg_iov = iovec;
5069
5070         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5071                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5072                 return -errno;
5073         }
5074
5075         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5076         return 0;
5077 }
5078
5079 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5080
5081         if (bus) {
5082                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5083                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5084                         return 0;
5085         }
5086
5087         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5088         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5089
5090         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5091                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5092                 return -errno;
5093         }
5094
5095         return 0;
5096 }
5097
5098 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5099
5100         if (bus) {
5101                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5102                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5103                         goto done;
5104         }
5105
5106         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5107          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5108         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5109                 goto done;
5110
5111         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5112          * /dev/initctl */
5113         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5114                 goto done;
5115
5116         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5117         return -EIO;
5118
5119 done:
5120         warn_wall(arg_action);
5121         return 0;
5122 }
5123
5124 static _noreturn_ void halt_now(enum action a) {
5125
5126        /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5127          * point on... */
5128         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5129
5130         switch (a) {
5131
5132         case ACTION_HALT:
5133                 log_info("Halting.");
5134                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5135                 break;
5136
5137         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5138                 log_info("Powering off.");
5139                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5140                 break;
5141
5142         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5143                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5144                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5145                 break;
5146
5147         default:
5148                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5149         }
5150
5151         assert_not_reached("Uh? This shouldn't happen.");
5152 }
5153
5154 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5155         int r;
5156
5157         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5158                 /* Try logind if we are a normal user and no special
5159                  * mode applies. Maybe PolicyKit allows us to shutdown
5160                  * the machine. */
5161
5162                 if (arg_when <= 0 &&
5163                     !arg_dry &&
5164                     !arg_force &&
5165                     (arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
5166                      arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT)) {
5167                         r = reboot_with_logind(bus, arg_action);
5168                         if (r >= 0)
5169                                 return r;
5170                 }
5171
5172                 log_error("Must be root.");
5173                 return -EPERM;
5174         }
5175
5176         if (arg_when > 0) {
5177                 char *m;
5178
5179                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5180                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5181                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5182                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5183                                    arg_action == ACTION_KEXEC    ? 'K' :
5184                                                                    'r',
5185                                    arg_dry,
5186                                    !arg_no_wall,
5187                                    m);
5188                 free(m);
5189
5190                 if (r < 0)
5191                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5192                 else {
5193                         char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5194
5195                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5196                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5197                         return 0;
5198                 }
5199         }
5200
5201         if (!arg_dry && !arg_force)
5202                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5203
5204         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5205                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5206                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5207                 else {
5208                         r = utmp_put_shutdown();
5209                         if (r < 0)
5210                                 log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5211                 }
5212         }
5213
5214         if (arg_dry)
5215                 return 0;
5216
5217         halt_now(arg_action);
5218         /* We should never reach this. */
5219         return -ENOSYS;
5220 }
5221
5222 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5223         int r, runlevel, previous;
5224
5225         r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous);
5226         if (r < 0) {
5227                 puts("unknown");
5228                 return r;
5229         }
5230
5231         printf("%c %c\n",
5232                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5233                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5234
5235         return 0;
5236 }
5237
5238 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5239         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5240         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5241         DBusError error;
5242
5243         dbus_error_init(&error);
5244
5245         log_parse_environment();
5246         log_open();
5247
5248         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5249         if (r < 0)
5250                 goto finish;
5251         else if (r == 0) {
5252                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5253                 goto finish;
5254         }
5255
5256         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5257          * let's shortcut this */
5258         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5259                 r = runlevel_main();
5260                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5261                 goto finish;
5262         }
5263
5264         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5265                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5266                 retval = 0;
5267                 goto finish;
5268         }
5269
5270         if (!avoid_bus()) {
5271                 if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5272                         bus_connect(arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5273                 else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5274                         bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5275                         private_bus = false;
5276                 } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5277                         bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5278                         private_bus = false;
5279                 } else
5280                         assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5281         }
5282
5283         switch (arg_action) {
5284
5285         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5286                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5287                 break;
5288
5289         case ACTION_HALT:
5290         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5291         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5292         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5293                 r = halt_main(bus);
5294                 break;
5295
5296         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5297         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5298         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5299         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5300         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5301         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5302         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5303                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5304                 break;
5305
5306         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5307         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5308                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5309                 break;
5310
5311         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN: {
5312                 char *m = NULL;
5313
5314                 if (arg_wall) {
5315                         m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5316                         if (!m) {
5317                                 retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5318                                 goto finish;
5319                         }
5320                 }
5321                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when, SD_SHUTDOWN_NONE, false, !arg_no_wall, m);
5322                 if (r < 0)
5323                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, shutdown hasn't been cancelled: %s", strerror(-r));
5324                 free(m);
5325                 break;
5326         }
5327
5328         case ACTION_INVALID:
5329         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5330         default:
5331                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5332         }
5333
5334         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5335
5336 finish:
5337         if (bus) {
5338                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5339                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5340                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5341         }
5342
5343         dbus_error_free(&error);
5344
5345         dbus_shutdown();
5346
5347         strv_free(arg_property);
5348
5349         pager_close();
5350         ask_password_agent_close();
5351         polkit_agent_close();
5352
5353         return retval;
5354 }