src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36
  37 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  38
  39 #include "log.h"
  40 #include "util.h"
  41 #include "macro.h"
  42 #include "set.h"
  43 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  44 #include "special.h"
  45 #include "initreq.h"
  46 #include "strv.h"
  47 #include "dbus-common.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  49 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  50 #include "list.h"
  51 #include "path-lookup.h"
  52 #include "conf-parser.h"
  53 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  54 #include "shutdownd.h"
  55 #include "exit-status.h"
  56 #include "bus-errors.h"
  57 #include "build.h"
  58 #include "unit-name.h"
  59
  60 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  61 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  62 static bool arg_all = false;
  63 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  64 static bool arg_user = false;
  65 static bool arg_global = false;
  66 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  71 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  72 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  73 static bool arg_dry = false;
  74 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  75 static bool arg_full = false;
  76 static bool arg_force = false;
  77 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  78 static bool arg_ask_password = false;
  79 static bool arg_failed = false;
  80 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  81 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  82 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  83 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  84 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  85 static enum action {
  86         ACTION_INVALID,
  87         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  88         ACTION_HALT,
  89         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  90         ACTION_REBOOT,
  91         ACTION_KEXEC,
  92         ACTION_EXIT,
  93         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  94         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  95         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  96         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  97         ACTION_RESCUE,
  98         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  99         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 100         ACTION_RELOAD,
 101         ACTION_REEXEC,
 102         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 103         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 104         _ACTION_MAX
 105 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 106 static enum dot {
 107         DOT_ALL,
 108         DOT_ORDER,
 109         DOT_REQUIRE
 110 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 111
 112 static bool private_bus = false;
 113
 114 static pid_t pager_pid = 0;
 115 static pid_t agent_pid = 0;
 116
 117 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 118 static void pager_open(void);
 119
 120 static bool on_tty(void) {
 121         static int t = -1;
 122
 123         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 124          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 125          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 126          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 127          * when run in our own pager. */
 128
 129         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 130                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 131
 132         return t;
 133 }
 134
 135 static void spawn_ask_password_agent(void) {
 136         pid_t parent;
 137
 138         if (agent_pid > 0)
 139                 return;
 140
 141         /* We check STDIN here, not STDOUT, since this is about input,
 142          * not output */
 143         if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
 144                 return;
 145
 146         if (!arg_ask_password)
 147                 return;
 148
 149         if (arg_user)
 150                 return;
 151
 152         parent = getpid();
 153
 154         /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
 155          * we go away */
 156
 157         if ((agent_pid = fork()) < 0)
 158                 return;
 159
 160         if (agent_pid == 0) {
 161                 /* In the child */
 162
 163                 int fd;
 164                 bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty;
 165
 166                 /* Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */
 167                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
 168                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 169
 170                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
 171                  * to set the death signal */
 172                 if (getppid() != parent)
 173                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 174
 175                 /* Don't leak fds to the agent */
 176                 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
 177
 178                 stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
 179                 stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO);
 180
 181                 if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) {
 182                         /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen
 183                          * /dev/tty for them. This is important to
 184                          * ensure that when systemctl is started via
 185                          * popen() or a similar call that expects to
 186                          * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and
 187                          * not delay this indefinitely by because we
 188                          * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */
 189                         if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
 190                                 log_error("Failed to open /dev/tty: %m");
 191                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 192                         }
 193
 194                         if (!stdout_is_tty)
 195                                 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
 196
 197                         if (!stderr_is_tty)
 198                                 dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
 199
 200                         if (fd > 2)
 201                                 close(fd);
 202                 }
 203
 204                 execl(SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, "--watch", NULL);
 205
 206                 log_error("Unable to execute agent: %m");
 207                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 208         }
 209 }
 210
 211 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 212
 213         if (!on_tty())
 214                 return "";
 215
 216         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 217 }
 218
 219 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 220
 221         if (!on_tty())
 222                 return "";
 223
 224         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 225 }
 226
 227 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 228         assert(error);
 229
 230         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 231                 return false;
 232
 233         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 234                 return true;
 235
 236         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 237                 return true;
 238
 239         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 240 }
 241
 242 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 243         assert(error);
 244
 245         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 246                 return r;
 247
 248         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 249             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 250             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 251             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 252                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 253
 254         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 255                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 256
 257         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 258             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 259                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 260
 261         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 262                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 263
 264         if (r != 0)
 265                 return r;
 266
 267         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 268 }
 269
 270 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 271
 272         assert(iter);
 273         assert(data);
 274
 275         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 276                 return -EIO;
 277
 278         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 279
 280         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 281                 return -EIO;
 282
 283         return 0;
 284 }
 285
 286 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 287         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 288                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 289                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 290                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 291                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 292                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 293                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 294         };
 295
 296         if (arg_no_wall)
 297                 return;
 298
 299         if (arg_wall) {
 300                 char *p;
 301
 302                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 303                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 304                         return;
 305                 }
 306
 307                 if (*p) {
 308                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 309                         free(p);
 310                         return;
 311                 }
 312
 313                 free(p);
 314         }
 315
 316         if (!table[action])
 317                 return;
 318
 319         utmp_wall(table[action], NULL);
 320 }
 321
 322 struct unit_info {
 323         const char *id;
 324         const char *description;
 325         const char *load_state;
 326         const char *active_state;
 327         const char *sub_state;
 328         const char *following;
 329         const char *unit_path;
 330         uint32_t job_id;
 331         const char *job_type;
 332         const char *job_path;
 333 };
 334
 335 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 336         const char *d1, *d2;
 337         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 338
 339         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 340         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 341
 342         if (d1 && d2) {
 343                 int r;
 344
 345                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 346                         return r;
 347         }
 348
 349         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 350 }
 351
 352 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 353         const char *dot;
 354
 355         if (arg_failed)
 356                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 357
 358         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 359                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 360                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 361 }
 362
 363 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 364         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len, n_shown = 0;
 365         const struct unit_info *u;
 366
 367         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 368         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 369         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 370
 371         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 372                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 373                         continue;
 374
 375                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 376                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 377                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 378                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 379         }
 380
 381         if (on_tty()) {
 382                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 383                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 384                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 385                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 386                 else
 387                         printf("\n");
 388         }
 389
 390         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 391                 char *e;
 392                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 393                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 394                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 395
 396                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 397                         continue;
 398
 399                 n_shown++;
 400
 401                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 402                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 403                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 404                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 405                 } else
 406                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 407
 408                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 409                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 410                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 411                 } else
 412                         on_active = off_active = "";
 413
 414                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 415
 416                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 417                        e ? e : u->id,
 418                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 419                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 420                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 421                        &a);
 422
 423                 free(e);
 424
 425                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 426                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 427
 428                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 429                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 430                 else
 431                         b = 1 + job_len;
 432
 433                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 434                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 435                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 436
 437                         if (arg_full)
 438                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 439                         else
 440                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 441                 }
 442
 443                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 444         }
 445
 446         if (on_tty()) {
 447                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 448                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 449                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 450                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 451
 452                 if (arg_all)
 453                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 454                 else
 455                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 456         }
 457 }
 458
 459 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 460         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 461         DBusError error;
 462         int r;
 463         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 464         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 465         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 466
 467         dbus_error_init(&error);
 468
 469         assert(bus);
 470
 471         pager_open();
 472
 473         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 474                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 475                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 476                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 477                               "ListUnits"))) {
 478                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 479                 return -ENOMEM;
 480         }
 481
 482         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 483                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 484                 r = -EIO;
 485                 goto finish;
 486         }
 487
 488         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 489             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 490             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 491                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 492                 r = -EIO;
 493                 goto finish;
 494         }
 495
 496         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 497
 498         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 499                 struct unit_info *u;
 500
 501                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 502                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 503                         r = -EIO;
 504                         goto finish;
 505                 }
 506
 507                 if (c >= n_units) {
 508                         struct unit_info *w;
 509
 510                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 511                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 512
 513                         if (!w) {
 514                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 515                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 516                                 goto finish;
 517                         }
 518
 519                         unit_infos = w;
 520                 }
 521
 522                 u = unit_infos+c;
 523
 524                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 525
 526                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 527                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 528                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 529                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 530                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 531                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 532                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 533                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 534                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 535                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 536                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 537                         r = -EIO;
 538                         goto finish;
 539                 }
 540
 541                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 542                 c++;
 543         }
 544
 545         if (c > 0) {
 546                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 547                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 548         }
 549
 550         r = 0;
 551
 552 finish:
 553         if (m)
 554                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 555
 556         if (reply)
 557                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 558
 559         free(unit_infos);
 560
 561         dbus_error_free(&error);
 562
 563         return r;
 564 }
 565
 566 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 567         static const char * const colors[] = {
 568                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 569                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 570                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 571                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 572                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 573                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 574                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 575                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 576         };
 577
 578         const char *c = NULL;
 579         unsigned i;
 580
 581         assert(name);
 582         assert(prop);
 583         assert(iter);
 584
 585         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 586                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 587                         c = colors[i+1];
 588                         break;
 589                 }
 590
 591         if (!c)
 592                 return 0;
 593
 594         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 595                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 596                         return 0;
 597
 598         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 599
 600         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 601
 602                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 603                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 604
 605                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 606
 607                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 608                                 const char *s;
 609
 610                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 611                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 612                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 613
 614                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 615                         }
 616
 617                         return 0;
 618                 }
 619         }
 620
 621         return 0;
 622 }
 623
 624 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 625         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 626         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 627         int r;
 628         DBusError error;
 629         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 630
 631         assert(bus);
 632         assert(path);
 633
 634         dbus_error_init(&error);
 635
 636         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 637                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 638                               path,
 639                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 640                               "GetAll"))) {
 641                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 642                 r = -ENOMEM;
 643                 goto finish;
 644         }
 645
 646         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 647                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 648                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 649                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 650                 r = -ENOMEM;
 651                 goto finish;
 652         }
 653
 654         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 655                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 656                 r = -EIO;
 657                 goto finish;
 658         }
 659
 660         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 661             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 662             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 663                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 664                 r = -EIO;
 665                 goto finish;
 666         }
 667
 668         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 669
 670         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 671                 const char *prop;
 672
 673                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 674                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 675                         r = -EIO;
 676                         goto finish;
 677                 }
 678
 679                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 680
 681                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 682                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 683                         r = -EIO;
 684                         goto finish;
 685                 }
 686
 687                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 688                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 689                         r = -EIO;
 690                         goto finish;
 691                 }
 692
 693                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 694
 695                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 696                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 697                         r = -EIO;
 698                         goto finish;
 699                 }
 700
 701                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 702         }
 703
 704         r = 0;
 705
 706 finish:
 707         if (m)
 708                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 709
 710         if (reply)
 711                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 712
 713         dbus_error_free(&error);
 714
 715         return r;
 716 }
 717
 718 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 719         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 720         DBusError error;
 721         int r;
 722         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 723
 724         dbus_error_init(&error);
 725
 726         assert(bus);
 727
 728         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 729                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 730                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 731                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 732                               "ListUnits"))) {
 733                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 734                 return -ENOMEM;
 735         }
 736
 737         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 738                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 739                 r = -EIO;
 740                 goto finish;
 741         }
 742
 743         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 744             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 745             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 746                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 747                 r = -EIO;
 748                 goto finish;
 749         }
 750
 751         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 752
 753         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 754         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 755                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 756
 757                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 758                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 759                         r = -EIO;
 760                         goto finish;
 761                 }
 762
 763                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 764
 765                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 766                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 767                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 768                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 769                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 770                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 771                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 772                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 773                         r = -EIO;
 774                         goto finish;
 775                 }
 776
 777                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 778                         goto finish;
 779
 780                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 781                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 782         }
 783
 784         printf("}\n");
 785
 786         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 787                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 788                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 789                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 790                  "                 green     = After\n");
 791
 792         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 793                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 794                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 795
 796         r = 0;
 797
 798 finish:
 799         if (m)
 800                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 801
 802         if (reply)
 803                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 804
 805         dbus_error_free(&error);
 806
 807         return r;
 808 }
 809
 810 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 811         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 812         DBusError error;
 813         int r;
 814         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 815         unsigned k = 0;
 816
 817         dbus_error_init(&error);
 818
 819         assert(bus);
 820
 821         pager_open();
 822
 823         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 824                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 825                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 826                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 827                               "ListJobs"))) {
 828                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 829                 return -ENOMEM;
 830         }
 831
 832         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 833                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 834                 r = -EIO;
 835                 goto finish;
 836         }
 837
 838         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 839             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 840             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 841                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 842                 r = -EIO;
 843                 goto finish;
 844         }
 845
 846         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 847
 848         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 849                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 850
 851         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 852                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 853                 uint32_t id;
 854                 char *e;
 855
 856                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 857                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 858                         r = -EIO;
 859                         goto finish;
 860                 }
 861
 862                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 863
 864                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 865                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 866                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 867                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 868                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 869                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 870                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 871                         r = -EIO;
 872                         goto finish;
 873                 }
 874
 875                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 876                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 877                 free(e);
 878
 879                 k++;
 880
 881                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 882         }
 883
 884         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 885                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 886
 887         r = 0;
 888
 889 finish:
 890         if (m)
 891                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 892
 893         if (reply)
 894                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 895
 896         dbus_error_free(&error);
 897
 898         return r;
 899 }
 900
 901 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 902         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 903         DBusError error;
 904         int r;
 905         unsigned i;
 906
 907         dbus_error_init(&error);
 908
 909         assert(bus);
 910         assert(args);
 911
 912         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 913
 914                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 915                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 916                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 917                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 918                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 919                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 920                         r = -ENOMEM;
 921                         goto finish;
 922                 }
 923
 924                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 925                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 926                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 927                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 928                         r = -ENOMEM;
 929                         goto finish;
 930                 }
 931
 932                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 933                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 934                         r = -EIO;
 935                         goto finish;
 936                 }
 937
 938                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 939                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 940
 941                 m = reply = NULL;
 942         }
 943
 944         r = 0;
 945
 946 finish:
 947         if (m)
 948                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 949
 950         if (reply)
 951                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 952
 953         dbus_error_free(&error);
 954
 955         return r;
 956 }
 957
 958 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 959         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 960         DBusError error;
 961         int r;
 962         unsigned i;
 963
 964         dbus_error_init(&error);
 965
 966         assert(bus);
 967         assert(args);
 968
 969         if (n <= 1)
 970                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 971
 972         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 973                 unsigned id;
 974                 const char *path;
 975
 976                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 977                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 978                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 979                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 980                                       "GetJob"))) {
 981                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 982                         r = -ENOMEM;
 983                         goto finish;
 984                 }
 985
 986                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 987                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 988                         goto finish;
 989                 }
 990
 991                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 992                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 993                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 994                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 995                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 996                         r = -ENOMEM;
 997                         goto finish;
 998                 }
 999
1000                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1001                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1002                         r = -EIO;
1003                         goto finish;
1004                 }
1005
1006                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1007                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1008                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1009                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1010                         r = -EIO;
1011                         goto finish;
1012                 }
1013
1014                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1015                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1016                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1017                                       path,
1018                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1019                                       "Cancel"))) {
1020                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1021                         r = -ENOMEM;
1022                         goto finish;
1023                 }
1024
1025                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1026                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1027                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1028                         r = -EIO;
1029                         goto finish;
1030                 }
1031
1032                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1033                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1034                 m = reply = NULL;
1035         }
1036
1037         r = 0;
1038
1039 finish:
1040         if (m)
1041                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1042
1043         if (reply)
1044                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1045
1046         dbus_error_free(&error);
1047
1048         return r;
1049 }
1050
1051 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1052         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1053         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1054         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1055         const char
1056                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1057                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1058                 *path;
1059
1060         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1061
1062         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1063                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1064                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1065                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1066                               "GetUnit")))
1067                 goto finish;
1068
1069         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1070                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1071                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1072                 goto finish;
1073
1074         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1075                 goto finish;
1076
1077         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1078                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1079                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1080                 goto finish;
1081
1082         dbus_message_unref(m);
1083         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1084                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1085                               path,
1086                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1087                               "Get")))
1088                 goto finish;
1089
1090         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1091                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1092                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1093                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1094                 goto finish;
1095         }
1096
1097         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1098         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1099                 goto finish;
1100
1101         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1102             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1103                 goto finish;
1104
1105         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1106
1107         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1108                 goto finish;
1109
1110         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1111
1112 finish:
1113         if (m)
1114                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1115
1116         if (reply)
1117                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1118
1119         return b;
1120 }
1121
1122 typedef struct WaitData {
1123         Set *set;
1124         char *result;
1125 } WaitData;
1126
1127 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1128         DBusError error;
1129         WaitData *d = data;
1130
1131         assert(connection);
1132         assert(message);
1133         assert(d);
1134
1135         dbus_error_init(&error);
1136
1137         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1138                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1139                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1140                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1141
1142         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1143                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1144                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1145
1146         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1147                 uint32_t id;
1148                 const char *path, *result;
1149                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1150
1151                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1152                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1153                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1154                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1155                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1156                         char *p;
1157
1158                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1159                                 free(p);
1160
1161                         if (*result)
1162                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1163
1164                         goto finish;
1165                 }
1166 #ifndef LEGACY
1167                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1168
1169                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1170                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1171                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1172                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1173                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1174                         char *p;
1175
1176                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1177                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1178                          * one day */
1179
1180                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1181                                 free(p);
1182
1183                         if (!success)
1184                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1185
1186                         goto finish;
1187                 }
1188 #endif
1189
1190                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1191         }
1192
1193 finish:
1194         dbus_error_free(&error);
1195         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1196 }
1197
1198 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1199         DBusError error;
1200
1201         assert(bus);
1202
1203         if (private_bus)
1204                 return 0;
1205
1206         dbus_error_init(&error);
1207         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1208                            "type='signal',"
1209                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1210                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1211                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1212                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1213                            &error);
1214
1215         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1216                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1217                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1218                 return -EIO;
1219         }
1220
1221         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1222         return 0;
1223 }
1224
1225 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1226         int r;
1227         WaitData d;
1228
1229         assert(bus);
1230         assert(s);
1231
1232         zero(d);
1233         d.set = s;
1234
1235         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1236                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1237                 r = -ENOMEM;
1238                 goto finish;
1239         }
1240
1241         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1242                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1243                 ;
1244
1245         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1246                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1247                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1248                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1249                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1250                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1251                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system logs for details.");
1252                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done"))
1253                         log_error("Job failed. See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1254         }
1255
1256         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1257                 r = -ETIME;
1258         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1259                 r = -ECANCELED;
1260         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done"))
1261                 r = -EIO;
1262         else
1263                 r = 0;
1264
1265         free(d.result);
1266
1267 finish:
1268         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1269
1270         return r;
1271 }
1272
1273 static int start_unit_one(
1274                 DBusConnection *bus,
1275                 const char *method,
1276                 const char *name,
1277                 const char *mode,
1278                 DBusError *error,
1279                 Set *s) {
1280
1281         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1282         const char *path;
1283         int r;
1284
1285         assert(bus);
1286         assert(method);
1287         assert(name);
1288         assert(mode);
1289         assert(error);
1290         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1291
1292         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1293                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1294                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1295                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1296                               method))) {
1297                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1298                 r = -ENOMEM;
1299                 goto finish;
1300         }
1301
1302         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1303                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1304                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1305                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1306                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1307                 r = -ENOMEM;
1308                 goto finish;
1309         }
1310
1311         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1312
1313                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1314                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1315                          * legacy actions. */
1316                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1317                         goto finish;
1318                 }
1319
1320                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1321                 r = -EIO;
1322                 goto finish;
1323         }
1324
1325         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1326                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1327                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1328                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1329                 r = -EIO;
1330                 goto finish;
1331         }
1332
1333         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1334                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1335                             arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
1336
1337         if (!arg_no_block) {
1338                 char *p;
1339
1340                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1341                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1342                         r = -ENOMEM;
1343                         goto finish;
1344                 }
1345
1346                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1347                         free(p);
1348                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1349                         goto finish;
1350                 }
1351         }
1352
1353         r = 0;
1354
1355 finish:
1356         if (m)
1357                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1358
1359         if (reply)
1360                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1361
1362         return r;
1363 }
1364
1365 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1366         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1367                 return ACTION_HALT;
1368         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1369                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1370         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1371                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1372         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1373                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1374         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1375                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1376         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1377                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1378         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1379                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1380         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1381                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1382         else
1383                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1384 }
1385
1386 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1387
1388         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1389                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1390                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1391                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1392                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1393                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1394                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1395                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1396                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1397                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1398                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1399                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1400                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET
1401         };
1402
1403         int r, ret = 0;
1404         unsigned i;
1405         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1406         Set *s = NULL;
1407         DBusError error;
1408
1409         dbus_error_init(&error);
1410
1411         assert(bus);
1412
1413         spawn_ask_password_agent();
1414
1415         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1416                 method =
1417                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1418                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1419                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1420                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1421                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1422                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1423                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1424                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1425                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1426                                                                   "StartUnit";
1427
1428                 mode =
1429                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1430                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1431                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1432
1433                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1434
1435         } else {
1436                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1437                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1438
1439                 method = "StartUnit";
1440
1441                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1442                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1443                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1444                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1445                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1446                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1447
1448                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1449         }
1450
1451         if (!arg_no_block) {
1452                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1453                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1454                         goto finish;
1455                 }
1456
1457                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1458                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1459                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1460                         goto finish;
1461                 }
1462         }
1463
1464         if (one_name) {
1465                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1466                         goto finish;
1467         } else {
1468                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1469                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1470                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1471                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1472                         }
1473         }
1474
1475         if (!arg_no_block)
1476                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1477                         ret = r;
1478                         goto finish;
1479                 }
1480
1481 finish:
1482         if (s)
1483                 set_free_free(s);
1484
1485         dbus_error_free(&error);
1486
1487         return ret;
1488 }
1489
1490 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1491         int r;
1492
1493         assert(bus);
1494         assert(args);
1495
1496         if (arg_force &&
1497             (streq(args[0], "halt") ||
1498              streq(args[0], "poweroff") ||
1499              streq(args[0], "reboot") ||
1500              streq(args[0], "kexec") ||
1501              streq(args[0], "exit")))
1502                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
1503
1504         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1505
1506         if (r >= 0)
1507                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1508
1509         return r;
1510 }
1511
1512 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1513         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1514         const char
1515                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1516                 *property = "ActiveState";
1517         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1518         DBusError error;
1519         unsigned i;
1520
1521         assert(bus);
1522         assert(args);
1523
1524         dbus_error_init(&error);
1525
1526         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1527                 const char *path = NULL;
1528                 const char *state;
1529                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1530
1531                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1532                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1533                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1534                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1535                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1536                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1537                         r = -ENOMEM;
1538                         goto finish;
1539                 }
1540
1541                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1542                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1543                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1544                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1545                         r = -ENOMEM;
1546                         goto finish;
1547                 }
1548
1549                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1550
1551                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1552                         if (!arg_quiet)
1553                                 puts("unknown");
1554
1555                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1556                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1557                         continue;
1558                 }
1559
1560                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1561                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1562                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1563                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1564                         r = -EIO;
1565                         goto finish;
1566                 }
1567
1568                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1569                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1570                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1571                                       path,
1572                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1573                                       "Get"))) {
1574                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1575                         r = -ENOMEM;
1576                         goto finish;
1577                 }
1578
1579                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1580                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1581                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1582                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1583                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1584                         r = -ENOMEM;
1585                         goto finish;
1586                 }
1587
1588                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1589                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1590                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1591                         r = -EIO;
1592                         goto finish;
1593                 }
1594
1595                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1596                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1597                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1598                         r = -EIO;
1599                         goto finish;
1600                 }
1601
1602                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1603
1604                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1605                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1606                         r = -EIO;
1607                         goto finish;
1608                 }
1609
1610                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1611
1612                 if (!arg_quiet)
1613                         puts(state);
1614
1615                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1616                         r = 0;
1617
1618                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1619                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1620                 m = reply = NULL;
1621         }
1622
1623 finish:
1624         if (m)
1625                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1626
1627         if (reply)
1628                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1629
1630         dbus_error_free(&error);
1631
1632         return r;
1633 }
1634
1635 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1636         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1637         int r = 0;
1638         DBusError error;
1639         unsigned i;
1640
1641         assert(bus);
1642         assert(args);
1643
1644         dbus_error_init(&error);
1645
1646         if (!arg_kill_who)
1647                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1648
1649         if (!arg_kill_mode)
1650                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
1651
1652         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1653
1654                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1655                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1656                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1657                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1658                                       "KillUnit"))) {
1659                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1660                         r = -ENOMEM;
1661                         goto finish;
1662                 }
1663
1664                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1665                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1666                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1667                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
1668                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1669                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1670                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1671                         r = -ENOMEM;
1672                         goto finish;
1673                 }
1674
1675                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1676                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1677                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1678                         r = -EIO;
1679                 }
1680
1681                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1682
1683                 if (reply)
1684                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1685                 m = reply = NULL;
1686         }
1687
1688 finish:
1689         if (m)
1690                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1691
1692         if (reply)
1693                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1694
1695         dbus_error_free(&error);
1696
1697         return r;
1698 }
1699
1700 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1701         char *name;
1702
1703         char *path;
1704         char **argv;
1705
1706         bool ignore;
1707
1708         usec_t start_timestamp;
1709         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1710         pid_t pid;
1711         int code;
1712         int status;
1713
1714         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1715 } ExecStatusInfo;
1716
1717 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1718         assert(i);
1719
1720         free(i->name);
1721         free(i->path);
1722         strv_free(i->argv);
1723         free(i);
1724 }
1725
1726 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1727         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1728         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1729         const char*path;
1730         unsigned n;
1731         uint32_t pid;
1732         int32_t code, status;
1733         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1734
1735         assert(i);
1736         assert(i);
1737
1738         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1739                 return -EIO;
1740
1741         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1742
1743         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1744                 return -EIO;
1745
1746         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1747                 return -ENOMEM;
1748
1749         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1750             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1751                 return -EIO;
1752
1753         n = 0;
1754         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1755         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1756                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1757                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1758                 n++;
1759         }
1760
1761
1762         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1763                 return -ENOMEM;
1764
1765         n = 0;
1766         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1767         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1768                 const char *s;
1769
1770                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1771                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1772                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1773
1774                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1775                         return -ENOMEM;
1776         }
1777
1778         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1779             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1780             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1781             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1782             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1783             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1784             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1785                 return -EIO;
1786
1787         i->ignore = ignore;
1788         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1789         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1790         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1791         i->code = code;
1792         i->status = status;
1793
1794         return 0;
1795 }
1796
1797 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1798         const char *id;
1799         const char *load_state;
1800         const char *active_state;
1801         const char *sub_state;
1802
1803         const char *description;
1804         const char *following;
1805
1806         const char *path;
1807         const char *default_control_group;
1808
1809         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1810         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1811         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1812         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1813
1814         bool need_daemon_reload;
1815
1816         /* Service */
1817         pid_t main_pid;
1818         pid_t control_pid;
1819         const char *status_text;
1820         bool running:1;
1821 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1822         bool is_sysv:1;
1823 #endif
1824
1825         usec_t start_timestamp;
1826         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1827
1828         int exit_code, exit_status;
1829
1830         /* Socket */
1831         unsigned n_accepted;
1832         unsigned n_connections;
1833         bool accept;
1834
1835         /* Device */
1836         const char *sysfs_path;
1837
1838         /* Mount, Automount */
1839         const char *where;
1840
1841         /* Swap */
1842         const char *what;
1843
1844         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1845 } UnitStatusInfo;
1846
1847 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1848         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1849         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1850         usec_t timestamp;
1851         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1852         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1853
1854         assert(i);
1855
1856         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1857          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1858
1859         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1860
1861         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1862                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1863
1864         printf("\n");
1865
1866         if (i->following)
1867                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
1868
1869         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
1870             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
1871                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1872                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1873         } else
1874                 on = off = "";
1875
1876         if (i->path)
1877                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1878         else
1879                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1880
1881         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1882
1883         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1884                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1885                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1886         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1887                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1888                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1889         } else
1890                 on = off = "";
1891
1892         if (ss)
1893                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1894                        on,
1895                        strna(i->active_state),
1896                        ss,
1897                        off);
1898         else
1899                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1900                        on,
1901                        strna(i->active_state),
1902                        off);
1903
1904         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1905                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1906                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1907                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1908                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1909                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1910
1911         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1912         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1913
1914         if (s1)
1915                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1916         else if (s2)
1917                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
1918         else
1919                 printf("\n");
1920
1921         if (i->sysfs_path)
1922                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1923         if (i->where)
1924                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1925         if (i->what)
1926                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1927
1928         if (i->accept)
1929                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1930
1931         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1932                 char *t;
1933                 bool good;
1934
1935                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1936                 if (p->code == 0)
1937                         continue;
1938
1939                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1940                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
1941                 free(t);
1942
1943 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1944                 if (i->is_sysv)
1945                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
1946                 else
1947 #endif
1948                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
1949
1950                 if (!good) {
1951                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
1952                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
1953                 } else
1954                         on = off = "";
1955
1956                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1957
1958                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1959                         const char *c;
1960
1961                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1962
1963 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1964                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1965 #else
1966                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1967 #endif
1968                                 printf("/%s", c);
1969
1970                 } else
1971                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1972
1973                 printf(")%s\n", off);
1974
1975                 on = off = NULL;
1976
1977                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1978                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1979                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1980                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1981                         i->main_pid = 0;
1982
1983                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1984                         i->control_pid = 0;
1985         }
1986
1987         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1988                 printf("\t");
1989
1990                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1991                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1992
1993                         if (i->running) {
1994                                 char *t = NULL;
1995                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1996                                 if (t) {
1997                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1998                                         free(t);
1999                                 }
2000                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2001                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2002
2003                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2004                                         const char *c;
2005
2006                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2007
2008 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2009                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2010 #else
2011                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2012 #endif
2013                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2014
2015                                 } else
2016                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2017                                 printf(")");
2018                         }
2019                 }
2020
2021                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2022                         printf(";");
2023
2024                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2025                         char *t = NULL;
2026
2027                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2028
2029                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
2030                         if (t) {
2031                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2032                                 free(t);
2033                         }
2034                 }
2035
2036                 printf("\n");
2037         }
2038
2039         if (i->status_text)
2040                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2041
2042         if (i->default_control_group) {
2043                 unsigned c;
2044
2045                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2046
2047                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
2048                         c -= 18;
2049                 else
2050                         c = 0;
2051
2052                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
2053         }
2054
2055         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2056                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2057                        ansi_highlight(true),
2058                        ansi_highlight(false),
2059                        arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
2060 }
2061
2062 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2063
2064         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2065
2066         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2067                 const char *s;
2068
2069                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2070
2071                 if (s[0]) {
2072                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2073                                 i->id = s;
2074                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2075                                 i->load_state = s;
2076                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2077                                 i->active_state = s;
2078                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2079                                 i->sub_state = s;
2080                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2081                                 i->description = s;
2082                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2083                                 i->path = s;
2084 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2085                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2086                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2087                                 i->path = s;
2088                         }
2089 #endif
2090                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2091                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2092                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2093                                 i->status_text = s;
2094                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2095                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2096                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2097                                 i->where = s;
2098                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2099                                 i->what = s;
2100                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2101                                 i->following = s;
2102                 }
2103
2104                 break;
2105         }
2106
2107         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2108                 dbus_bool_t b;
2109
2110                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2111
2112                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2113                         i->accept = b;
2114                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2115                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2116
2117                 break;
2118         }
2119
2120         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2121                 uint32_t u;
2122
2123                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2124
2125                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2126                         if (u > 0) {
2127                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2128                                 i->running = true;
2129                         }
2130                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2131                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2132                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2133                         if (u > 0)
2134                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2135                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2136                         i->n_accepted = u;
2137                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2138                         i->n_connections = u;
2139
2140                 break;
2141         }
2142
2143         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2144                 int32_t j;
2145
2146                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2147
2148                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2149                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2150                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2151                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2152
2153                 break;
2154         }
2155
2156         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2157                 uint64_t u;
2158
2159                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2160
2161                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2162                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2163                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2164                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2165                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2166                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2167                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2168                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2169                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2170                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2171                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2172                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2173
2174                 break;
2175         }
2176
2177         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2178
2179                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2180                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2181                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2182
2183                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2184                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2185                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2186                                 int r;
2187
2188                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2189                                         return -ENOMEM;
2190
2191                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2192                                         free(info);
2193                                         return -ENOMEM;
2194                                 }
2195
2196                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2197                                         free(info);
2198                                         return r;
2199                                 }
2200
2201                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2202
2203                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2204                         }
2205                 }
2206
2207                 break;
2208         }
2209         }
2210
2211         return 0;
2212 }
2213
2214 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2215         assert(name);
2216         assert(iter);
2217
2218         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2219          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2220
2221         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2222                 return 0;
2223
2224         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2225
2226         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2227                 const char *s;
2228                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2229
2230                 if (arg_all || s[0])
2231                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2232
2233                 return 0;
2234         }
2235
2236         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2237                 dbus_bool_t b;
2238                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2239                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
2240
2241                 return 0;
2242         }
2243
2244         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2245                 uint64_t u;
2246                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2247
2248                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
2249                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
2250
2251                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
2252                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
2253
2254                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
2255                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
2256                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
2257                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2258
2259                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
2260                 } else
2261                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
2262
2263                 return 0;
2264         }
2265
2266         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2267                 uint32_t u;
2268                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2269
2270                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
2271                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
2272                 else
2273                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2274
2275                 return 0;
2276         }
2277
2278         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2279                 int32_t i;
2280                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
2281
2282                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
2283                 return 0;
2284         }
2285
2286         case DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
2287                 double d;
2288                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &d);
2289
2290                 printf("%s=%g\n", name, d);
2291                 return 0;
2292         }
2293
2294         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2295                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2296                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2297
2298                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2299                         uint32_t u;
2300
2301                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2302
2303                         if (u)
2304                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2305                         else if (arg_all)
2306                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2307
2308                         return 0;
2309                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2310                         const char *s;
2311
2312                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2313
2314                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2315                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2316
2317                         return 0;
2318                 }
2319
2320                 break;
2321         }
2322
2323         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2324
2325                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2326                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2327                         bool space = false;
2328
2329                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2330                         if (arg_all ||
2331                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2332                                 printf("%s=", name);
2333
2334                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2335                                         const char *s;
2336
2337                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2338                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2339                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2340
2341                                         space = true;
2342                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2343                                 }
2344
2345                                 puts("");
2346                         }
2347
2348                         return 0;
2349
2350                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2351                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2352
2353                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2354                         if (arg_all ||
2355                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2356                                 printf("%s=", name);
2357
2358                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2359                                         uint8_t u;
2360
2361                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2362                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2363                                         printf("%02x", u);
2364
2365                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2366                                 }
2367
2368                                 puts("");
2369                         }
2370
2371                         return 0;
2372
2373                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2374                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2375
2376                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2377                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2378                                 const char *path;
2379                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2380
2381                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2382
2383                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2384                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2385                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2386
2387                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2388                         }
2389
2390                         return 0;
2391
2392                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2393                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2394
2395                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2396                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2397                                 const char *type, *path;
2398
2399                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2400
2401                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2402                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2403                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2404
2405                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2406                         }
2407
2408                         return 0;
2409
2410                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2411                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2412
2413                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2414                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2415                                 const char *base;
2416                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2417
2418                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2419
2420                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2421                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2422                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2423                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2424
2425                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2426                                                base,
2427                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2428                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2429                                 }
2430
2431                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2432                         }
2433
2434                         return 0;
2435
2436                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2437                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2438
2439                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2440                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2441                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2442
2443                                 zero(info);
2444                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2445                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2446                                         char *t;
2447
2448                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2449
2450                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2451                                                name,
2452                                                strna(info.path),
2453                                                strna(t),
2454                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2455                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2456                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2457                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2458                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2459                                                info.status,
2460                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2461                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2462
2463                                         free(t);
2464                                 }
2465
2466                                 free(info.path);
2467                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2468
2469                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2470                         }
2471
2472                         return 0;
2473                 }
2474
2475                 break;
2476         }
2477
2478         if (arg_all)
2479                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2480
2481         return 0;
2482 }
2483
2484 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2485         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2486         const char *interface = "";
2487         int r;
2488         DBusError error;
2489         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2490         UnitStatusInfo info;
2491         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2492
2493         assert(bus);
2494         assert(path);
2495         assert(new_line);
2496
2497         zero(info);
2498         dbus_error_init(&error);
2499
2500         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2501                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2502                               path,
2503                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2504                               "GetAll"))) {
2505                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2506                 r = -ENOMEM;
2507                 goto finish;
2508         }
2509
2510         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2511                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2512                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2513                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2514                 r = -ENOMEM;
2515                 goto finish;
2516         }
2517
2518         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2519                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2520                 r = -EIO;
2521                 goto finish;
2522         }
2523
2524         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2525             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2526             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2527                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2528                 r = -EIO;
2529                 goto finish;
2530         }
2531
2532         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2533
2534         if (*new_line)
2535                 printf("\n");
2536
2537         *new_line = true;
2538
2539         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2540                 const char *name;
2541
2542                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2543                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2544                         r = -EIO;
2545                         goto finish;
2546                 }
2547
2548                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2549
2550                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2551                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2552                         r = -EIO;
2553                         goto finish;
2554                 }
2555
2556                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2557                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2558                         r = -EIO;
2559                         goto finish;
2560                 }
2561
2562                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2563
2564                 if (show_properties)
2565                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2566                 else
2567                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2568
2569                 if (r < 0) {
2570                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2571                         r = -EIO;
2572                         goto finish;
2573                 }
2574
2575                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2576         }
2577
2578         r = 0;
2579
2580         if (!show_properties)
2581                 print_status_info(&info);
2582
2583         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2584             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2585             streq(verb, "status"))
2586                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2587                 r = 3;
2588
2589         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2590                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2591                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2592         }
2593
2594 finish:
2595         if (m)
2596                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2597
2598         if (reply)
2599                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2600
2601         dbus_error_free(&error);
2602
2603         return r;
2604 }
2605
2606 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2607         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2608         int r, ret = 0;
2609         DBusError error;
2610         unsigned i;
2611         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2612
2613         assert(bus);
2614         assert(args);
2615
2616         dbus_error_init(&error);
2617
2618         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2619
2620         if (show_properties)
2621                 pager_open();
2622
2623         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2624                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2625                  * itself */
2626
2627                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2628                 goto finish;
2629         }
2630
2631         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2632                 const char *path = NULL;
2633                 uint32_t id;
2634
2635                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2636
2637                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2638
2639                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2640                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2641                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2642                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2643                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2644                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2645                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2646                                 goto finish;
2647                         }
2648
2649                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2650                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2651                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2652                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2653                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2654                                 goto finish;
2655                         }
2656
2657                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2658
2659                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2660                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2661                                         ret = -EIO;
2662                                         goto finish;
2663                                 }
2664
2665                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2666
2667                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2668                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2669                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2670                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2671                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2672                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2673                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2674                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2675                                         goto finish;
2676                                 }
2677
2678                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2679                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2680                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2681                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2682                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2683                                         goto finish;
2684                                 }
2685
2686                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2687                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2688
2689                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2690                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2691                                         else
2692                                                 ret = -EIO;
2693                                         goto finish;
2694                                 }
2695                         }
2696
2697                 } else if (show_properties) {
2698
2699                         /* Interpret as job id */
2700
2701                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2702                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2703                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2704                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2705                                               "GetJob"))) {
2706                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2707                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2708                                 goto finish;
2709                         }
2710
2711                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2712                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2713                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2714                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2715                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2716                                 goto finish;
2717                         }
2718
2719                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2720                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2721                                 ret = -EIO;
2722                                 goto finish;
2723                         }
2724                 } else {
2725
2726                         /* Interpret as PID */
2727
2728                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2729                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2730                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2731                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2732                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2733                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2734                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2735                                 goto finish;
2736                         }
2737
2738                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2739                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2740                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2741                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2742                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2743                                 goto finish;
2744                         }
2745
2746                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2747                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2748                                 ret = -EIO;
2749                                 goto finish;
2750                         }
2751                 }
2752
2753                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2754                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2755                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2756                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2757                         ret = -EIO;
2758                         goto finish;
2759                 }
2760
2761                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2762                         ret = r;
2763
2764                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2765                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2766                 m = reply = NULL;
2767         }
2768
2769 finish:
2770         if (m)
2771                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2772
2773         if (reply)
2774                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2775
2776         dbus_error_free(&error);
2777
2778         return ret;
2779 }
2780
2781 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2782         DBusError error;
2783         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2784
2785         assert(connection);
2786         assert(message);
2787
2788         dbus_error_init(&error);
2789
2790         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2791                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2792                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2793                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2794
2795         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2796                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2797                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2798
2799         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2800                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2801                 const char *id, *path;
2802
2803                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2804                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2805                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2806                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2807                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2808                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2809                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2810                 else
2811                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2812
2813         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2814                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2815                 uint32_t id;
2816                 const char *path, *result;
2817
2818                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2819                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2820                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2821                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
2822                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2823                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2824                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2825                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2826                 else
2827                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2828
2829
2830         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2831
2832                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2833                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2834
2835                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2836
2837                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2838                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2839                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2840                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2841                         goto finish;
2842                 }
2843
2844                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2845                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2846                         goto finish;
2847
2848                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2849                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2850                               path,
2851                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2852                               "Get"))) {
2853                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2854                         goto oom;
2855                 }
2856
2857                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2858                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2859                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2860                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2861                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2862                         goto finish;
2863                 }
2864
2865                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2866                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2867                         goto finish;
2868                 }
2869
2870                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2871                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2872                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2873                         goto finish;
2874                 }
2875
2876                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2877
2878                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2879                         const char *id;
2880
2881                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2882                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2883                                 goto finish;
2884                         }
2885
2886                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2887                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2888                 } else {
2889                         uint32_t id;
2890
2891                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2892                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2893                                 goto finish;
2894                         }
2895
2896                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2897                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2898                 }
2899         }
2900
2901 finish:
2902         if (m)
2903                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2904
2905         if (reply)
2906                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2907
2908         dbus_error_free(&error);
2909         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2910
2911 oom:
2912         if (m)
2913                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2914
2915         if (reply)
2916                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2917
2918         dbus_error_free(&error);
2919         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2920 }
2921
2922 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2923         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2924         DBusError error;
2925         int r;
2926
2927         dbus_error_init(&error);
2928
2929         if (!private_bus) {
2930                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2931                                    "type='signal',"
2932                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2933                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2934                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2935                                    &error);
2936
2937                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2938                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2939                         r = -EIO;
2940                         goto finish;
2941                 }
2942
2943                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2944                                    "type='signal',"
2945                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2946                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2947                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2948                                    &error);
2949
2950                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2951                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2952                         r = -EIO;
2953                         goto finish;
2954                 }
2955         }
2956
2957         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2958                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2959                 r = -ENOMEM;
2960                 goto finish;
2961         }
2962
2963         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2964                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2965                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2966                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2967                               "Subscribe"))) {
2968                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2969                 r = -ENOMEM;
2970                 goto finish;
2971         }
2972
2973         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2974                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2975                 r = -EIO;
2976                 goto finish;
2977         }
2978
2979         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2980                 ;
2981
2982         r = 0;
2983
2984 finish:
2985
2986         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2987
2988         if (m)
2989                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2990
2991         if (reply)
2992                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2993
2994         dbus_error_free(&error);
2995
2996         return r;
2997 }
2998
2999 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3000         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3001         DBusError error;
3002         int r;
3003         const char *text;
3004
3005         dbus_error_init(&error);
3006
3007         pager_open();
3008
3009         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3010                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3011                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3012                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3013                               "Dump"))) {
3014                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3015                 return -ENOMEM;
3016         }
3017
3018         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3019                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3020                 r = -EIO;
3021                 goto finish;
3022         }
3023
3024         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3025                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3026                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3027                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3028                 r = -EIO;
3029                 goto finish;
3030         }
3031
3032         fputs(text, stdout);
3033
3034         r = 0;
3035
3036 finish:
3037         if (m)
3038                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3039
3040         if (reply)
3041                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3042
3043         dbus_error_free(&error);
3044
3045         return r;
3046 }
3047
3048 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3049         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3050         DBusError error;
3051         int r;
3052         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
3053         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3054         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3055         const char
3056                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3057                 *property = "Id";
3058
3059         dbus_error_init(&error);
3060
3061         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3062                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3063                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3064                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3065                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
3066                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3067                 return -ENOMEM;
3068         }
3069
3070         if (n > 1)
3071                 name = args[1];
3072
3073         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3074                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
3075                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3076                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3077                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3078                 r = -ENOMEM;
3079                 goto finish;
3080         }
3081
3082         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3083                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3084                 r = -EIO;
3085                 goto finish;
3086         }
3087
3088         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3089                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3090                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3091                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3092                 r = -EIO;
3093                 goto finish;
3094         }
3095
3096         dbus_message_unref(m);
3097         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3098                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3099                               path,
3100                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3101                               "Get"))) {
3102                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3103                 return -ENOMEM;
3104         }
3105
3106         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3107                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3108                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3109                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3110                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3111                 r = -ENOMEM;
3112                 goto finish;
3113         }
3114
3115         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3116         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3117                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3118                 r = -EIO;
3119                 goto finish;
3120         }
3121
3122         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3123             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3124                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3125                 r = -EIO;
3126                 goto finish;
3127         }
3128
3129         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3130
3131         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3132                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3133                 r = -EIO;
3134                 goto finish;
3135         }
3136
3137         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3138
3139         if (!arg_quiet)
3140                 puts(id);
3141         r = 0;
3142
3143 finish:
3144         if (m)
3145                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3146
3147         if (reply)
3148                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3149
3150         dbus_error_free(&error);
3151
3152         return r;
3153 }
3154
3155 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3156         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3157         int r;
3158         DBusError error;
3159         unsigned i;
3160
3161         assert(bus);
3162         assert(args);
3163
3164         dbus_error_init(&error);
3165
3166         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3167                 const char *path = NULL;
3168
3169                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3170                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3171                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3172                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3173                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3174                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3175                         r = -ENOMEM;
3176                         goto finish;
3177                 }
3178
3179                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3180                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
3181                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3182                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3183                         r = -ENOMEM;
3184                         goto finish;
3185                 }
3186
3187                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3188                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3189                         r = -EIO;
3190                         goto finish;
3191                 }
3192
3193                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3194                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3195                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3196                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3197                         r = -EIO;
3198                         goto finish;
3199                 }
3200
3201                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3202                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3203                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3204                                       path,
3205                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3206                                       "Remove"))) {
3207                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3208                         r = -ENOMEM;
3209                         goto finish;
3210                 }
3211
3212                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3213                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3214                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3215                         r = -EIO;
3216                         goto finish;
3217                 }
3218
3219                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3220                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3221                 m = reply = NULL;
3222         }
3223
3224         r = 0;
3225
3226 finish:
3227         if (m)
3228                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3229
3230         if (reply)
3231                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3232
3233         dbus_error_free(&error);
3234
3235         return r;
3236 }
3237
3238 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3239         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3240         DBusError error;
3241         int r;
3242         const char *method;
3243
3244         dbus_error_init(&error);
3245
3246         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3247                 method = "Reload";
3248         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3249                 method = "Reexecute";
3250         else {
3251                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3252
3253                 method =
3254                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3255                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3256                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3257                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3258                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3259                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3260                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3261                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3262                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3263                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3264         }
3265
3266         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3267                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3268                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3269                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3270                               method))) {
3271                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3272                 return -ENOMEM;
3273         }
3274
3275         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3276
3277                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3278                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3279                          * legacy actions. */
3280                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3281                         goto finish;
3282                 }
3283
3284                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3285                 r = -EIO;
3286                 goto finish;
3287         }
3288
3289         r = 0;
3290
3291 finish:
3292         if (m)
3293                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3294
3295         if (reply)
3296                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3297
3298         dbus_error_free(&error);
3299
3300         return r;
3301 }
3302
3303 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3304         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3305         unsigned i;
3306         int r;
3307         DBusError error;
3308
3309         assert(bus);
3310         dbus_error_init(&error);
3311
3312         if (n <= 1)
3313                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3314
3315         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3316
3317                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3318                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3319                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3320                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3321                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3322                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3323                         r = -ENOMEM;
3324                         goto finish;
3325                 }
3326
3327                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3328                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3329                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3330                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3331                         r = -ENOMEM;
3332                         goto finish;
3333                 }
3334
3335                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3336                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3337                         r = -EIO;
3338                         goto finish;
3339                 }
3340
3341                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3342                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3343                 m = reply = NULL;
3344         }
3345
3346         r = 0;
3347
3348 finish:
3349         if (m)
3350                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3351
3352         if (reply)
3353                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3354
3355         dbus_error_free(&error);
3356
3357         return r;
3358 }
3359
3360 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3361         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3362         DBusError error;
3363         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3364         int r;
3365         const char
3366                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3367                 *property = "Environment";
3368
3369         dbus_error_init(&error);
3370
3371         pager_open();
3372
3373         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3374                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3375                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3376                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3377                               "Get"))) {
3378                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3379                 return -ENOMEM;
3380         }
3381
3382         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3383                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3384                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3385                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3386                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3387                 r = -ENOMEM;
3388                 goto finish;
3389         }
3390
3391         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3392                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3393                 r = -EIO;
3394                 goto finish;
3395         }
3396
3397         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3398             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3399                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3400                 r = -EIO;
3401                 goto finish;
3402         }
3403
3404         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3405
3406         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3407             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3408                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3409                 r = -EIO;
3410                 goto finish;
3411         }
3412
3413         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3414
3415         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3416                 const char *text;
3417
3418                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3419                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3420                         r = -EIO;
3421                         goto finish;
3422                 }
3423
3424                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3425                 printf("%s\n", text);
3426
3427                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3428         }
3429
3430         r = 0;
3431
3432 finish:
3433         if (m)
3434                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3435
3436         if (reply)
3437                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3438
3439         dbus_error_free(&error);
3440
3441         return r;
3442 }
3443
3444 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3445         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3446         DBusError error;
3447         int r;
3448         const char *method;
3449         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3450         unsigned i;
3451
3452         dbus_error_init(&error);
3453
3454         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3455                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3456                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3457
3458         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3459                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3460                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3461                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3462                               method))) {
3463
3464                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3465                 return -ENOMEM;
3466         }
3467
3468         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3469
3470         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3471                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3472                 r = -ENOMEM;
3473                 goto finish;
3474         }
3475
3476         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3477                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3478                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3479                         r = -ENOMEM;
3480                         goto finish;
3481                 }
3482
3483         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3484                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3485                 r = -ENOMEM;
3486                 goto finish;
3487         }
3488
3489         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3490                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3491                 r = -EIO;
3492                 goto finish;
3493         }
3494
3495         r = 0;
3496
3497 finish:
3498         if (m)
3499                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3500
3501         if (reply)
3502                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3503
3504         dbus_error_free(&error);
3505
3506         return r;
3507 }
3508
3509 typedef struct {
3510         char *name;
3511         char *path;
3512
3513         char **aliases;
3514         char **wanted_by;
3515 } InstallInfo;
3516
3517 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3518 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3519 static unsigned n_symlinks = 0;
3520
3521 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3522         assert(i);
3523
3524         free(i->name);
3525         free(i->path);
3526         strv_free(i->aliases);
3527         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3528         free(i);
3529 }
3530
3531 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3532         InstallInfo *i;
3533
3534         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3535                 install_info_free(i);
3536
3537         hashmap_free(m);
3538 }
3539
3540 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3541         InstallInfo *i;
3542         int r;
3543
3544         assert(will_install);
3545
3546         if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, true)) {
3547                 log_warning("Unit name %s is not a valid unit name.", name);
3548                 return -EINVAL;
3549         }
3550
3551         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3552             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3553                 return 0;
3554
3555         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3556                 r = -ENOMEM;
3557                 goto fail;
3558         }
3559
3560         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3561                 r = -ENOMEM;
3562                 goto fail;
3563         }
3564
3565         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3566                 goto fail;
3567
3568         return 0;
3569
3570 fail:
3571         if (i)
3572                 install_info_free(i);
3573
3574         return r;
3575 }
3576
3577 static int config_parse_also(
3578                 const char *filename,
3579                 unsigned line,
3580                 const char *section,
3581                 const char *lvalue,
3582                 const char *rvalue,
3583                 void *data,
3584                 void *userdata) {
3585
3586         char *w;
3587         size_t l;
3588         char *state;
3589
3590         assert(filename);
3591         assert(lvalue);
3592         assert(rvalue);
3593
3594         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3595                 char *n;
3596                 int r;
3597
3598                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3599                         return -ENOMEM;
3600
3601                 if ((r = install_info_add(n)) < 0) {
3602                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", n, strerror(-r));
3603                         free(n);
3604                         return r;
3605                 }
3606
3607                 free(n);
3608         }
3609
3610         return 0;
3611 }
3612
3613 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3614         char *n;
3615         int r;
3616
3617         assert(p);
3618         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3619
3620         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3621                 return 0;
3622
3623         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3624                 return -ENOMEM;
3625
3626         path_kill_slashes(n);
3627
3628         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3629                 free(n);
3630                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3631         }
3632
3633         return 0;
3634 }
3635
3636 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3637         int r = 0;
3638         DIR *d;
3639         struct dirent *de;
3640
3641         assert(fd >= 0);
3642         assert(root);
3643         assert(deleted);
3644
3645         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3646                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3647                 return -errno;
3648         }
3649
3650         rewinddir(d);
3651
3652         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3653                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3654
3655                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3656                         continue;
3657
3658                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3659                         is_link = true;
3660                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3661                         is_dir = true;
3662                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3663                         struct stat st;
3664
3665                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3666                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3667
3668                                 if (r == 0)
3669                                         r = -errno;
3670                                 continue;
3671                         }
3672
3673                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3674                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3675                 } else
3676                         continue;
3677
3678                 if (is_dir) {
3679                         int nfd, q;
3680                         char *p;
3681
3682                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3683                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3684
3685                                 if (r == 0)
3686                                         r = -errno;
3687                                 continue;
3688                         }
3689
3690                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3691                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3692                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3693                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3694                                 break;
3695                         }
3696
3697                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3698                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3699                         free(p);
3700
3701                         if (r == 0)
3702                                 r = q;
3703
3704                 } else if (is_link) {
3705                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3706                         int q;
3707
3708                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3709                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3710                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3711                                 break;
3712                         }
3713
3714                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3715                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3716                                 free(p);
3717
3718                                 if (r == 0)
3719                                         r = q;
3720                                 continue;
3721                         }
3722
3723                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3724                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3725                                  * is already removed */
3726
3727                                 free(dest);
3728                                 dest = c;
3729                         }
3730
3731                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3732                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3733
3734                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3735                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3736
3737                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3738                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3739
3740                                         if (r == 0)
3741                                                 r = -errno;
3742                                 } else {
3743                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3744                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3745
3746                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3747
3748                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3749                                                         if (r == 0)
3750                                                                 r = q;
3751                                                 } else
3752                                                         *deleted = true;
3753                                         }
3754                                 }
3755                         }
3756
3757                         free(p);
3758                         free(dest);
3759                 }
3760         }
3761
3762         closedir(d);
3763
3764         return r;
3765 }
3766
3767 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3768         int fd, r = 0;
3769         bool deleted;
3770
3771         assert(config_path);
3772
3773         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3774                 return 0;
3775
3776         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3777                 return -errno;
3778
3779         do {
3780                 int q, cfd;
3781                 deleted = false;
3782
3783                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3784                         r = -errno;
3785                         break;
3786                 }
3787
3788                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3789                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3790                         if (r == 0)
3791                                 r = q;
3792                 }
3793         } while (deleted);
3794
3795         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3796
3797         return r;
3798 }
3799
3800 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3801         int r;
3802
3803         assert(old_path);
3804         assert(new_path);
3805         assert(verb);
3806
3807         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3808                 char *dest;
3809
3810                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3811
3812                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3813
3814                         if (!arg_quiet)
3815                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3816
3817                         return 0;
3818                 }
3819
3820                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3821                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3822                         return -errno;
3823                 }
3824
3825                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3826
3827                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3828                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3829                                 return -EEXIST;
3830                         }
3831
3832                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3833                         return r;
3834                 }
3835
3836                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3837                         free(dest);
3838                         return 0;
3839                 }
3840
3841                 if (!arg_force) {
3842                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3843                         free(dest);
3844                         return -EEXIST;
3845                 }
3846
3847                 free(dest);
3848                 unlink(new_path);
3849
3850                 if (!arg_quiet)
3851                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3852
3853                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3854                         return 0;
3855
3856                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3857                 return -errno;
3858
3859         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3860                 char *dest;
3861
3862                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3863                         return r;
3864
3865                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3866                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3867                                 return 0;
3868
3869                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3870                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3871                                 return 0;
3872                         }
3873
3874                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3875                         return r;
3876                 }
3877
3878                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3879                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3880                         free(dest);
3881                         return 0;
3882                 }
3883
3884                 free(dest);
3885
3886                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3887                         return r;
3888
3889                 if (!arg_quiet)
3890                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3891
3892                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3893                         return 0;
3894
3895                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3896                 return -errno;
3897
3898         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3899                 char *dest;
3900
3901                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3902
3903                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3904                                 return 0;
3905
3906                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3907                         return r;
3908                 }
3909
3910                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3911                         free(dest);
3912                         return 1;
3913                 }
3914
3915                 return 0;
3916         }
3917
3918         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3919 }
3920
3921 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3922         char **s;
3923         char *alias_path = NULL;
3924         int r;
3925
3926         assert(verb);
3927         assert(i);
3928         assert(config_path);
3929
3930         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3931
3932                 free(alias_path);
3933                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3934                         log_error("Out of memory");
3935                         r = -ENOMEM;
3936                         goto finish;
3937                 }
3938
3939                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3940                         goto finish;
3941
3942                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3943                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3944         }
3945         r = 0;
3946
3947 finish:
3948         free(alias_path);
3949
3950         return r;
3951 }
3952
3953 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3954         char **s;
3955         char *alias_path = NULL;
3956         int r;
3957
3958         assert(verb);
3959         assert(i);
3960         assert(config_path);
3961
3962         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3963                 if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(*s, true)) {
3964                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3965                         r = -EINVAL;
3966                         goto finish;
3967                 }
3968
3969                 free(alias_path);
3970                 alias_path = NULL;
3971
3972                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3973                         log_error("Out of memory");
3974                         r = -ENOMEM;
3975                         goto finish;
3976                 }
3977
3978                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3979                         goto finish;
3980
3981                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3982                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3983         }
3984
3985         r = 0;
3986
3987 finish:
3988         free(alias_path);
3989
3990         return r;
3991 }
3992
3993 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3994
3995         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3996                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3997                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3998                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3999
4000                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
4001         };
4002
4003         char **p;
4004         char *filename = NULL;
4005         FILE *f = NULL;
4006         int r;
4007
4008         assert(paths);
4009         assert(i);
4010
4011         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
4012                 int fd;
4013
4014                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
4015                         log_error("Out of memory");
4016                         return -ENOMEM;
4017                 }
4018
4019                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
4020                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
4021                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
4022                                 break;
4023
4024                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
4025                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
4026                         free(filename);
4027                         return -errno;
4028                 }
4029
4030                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
4031                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
4032                         free(filename);
4033                         return -errno;
4034                 }
4035
4036                 free(filename);
4037                 filename = NULL;
4038         }
4039
4040         if (!f) {
4041 #if defined(TARGET_FEDORA) && defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT)
4042
4043                 if (endswith(i->name, ".service")) {
4044                         char *sysv;
4045                         bool exists;
4046
4047                         if (asprintf(&sysv, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", i->name) < 0) {
4048                                 log_error("Out of memory");
4049                                 return -ENOMEM;
4050                         }
4051
4052                         sysv[strlen(sysv) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
4053                         exists = access(sysv, F_OK) >= 0;
4054
4055                         if (exists) {
4056                                 pid_t pid;
4057                                 siginfo_t status;
4058
4059                                 const char *argv[] = {
4060                                         "/sbin/chkconfig",
4061                                         NULL,
4062                                         NULL,
4063                                         NULL
4064                                 };
4065
4066                                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", i->name);
4067
4068                                 argv[1] = file_name_from_path(sysv);
4069                                 argv[2] =
4070                                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
4071                                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : NULL;
4072
4073                                 log_info("Executing %s %s %s", argv[0], argv[1], strempty(argv[2]));
4074
4075                                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
4076                                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
4077                                         free(sysv);
4078                                         return -errno;
4079                                 } else if (pid == 0) {
4080                                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
4081                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4082                                 }
4083
4084                                 free(sysv);
4085
4086                                 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
4087                                         return r;
4088
4089                                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
4090                                         if (status.si_status == 0 && (streq(verb, "enable") || streq(verb, "disable")))
4091                                                 n_symlinks ++;
4092
4093                                         return status.si_status == 0 ? 0 : -EINVAL;
4094                                 } else
4095                                         return -EPROTO;
4096                         }
4097
4098                         free(sysv);
4099                 }
4100
4101 #endif
4102
4103                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
4104                 return -ENOENT;
4105         }
4106
4107         i->path = filename;
4108
4109         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
4110                 fclose(f);
4111                 return r;
4112         }
4113
4114         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->aliases);
4115         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->wanted_by);
4116
4117         fclose(f);
4118
4119         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4120                 return r;
4121
4122         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4123                 return r;
4124
4125         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
4126                 return r;
4127
4128         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
4129                 return r;
4130
4131         return 0;
4132 }
4133
4134 static char *get_config_path(void) {
4135
4136         if (arg_user && arg_global)
4137                 return strdup(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4138
4139         if (arg_user) {
4140                 char *p;
4141
4142                 if (user_config_home(&p) < 0)
4143                         return NULL;
4144
4145                 return p;
4146         }
4147
4148         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4149 }
4150
4151 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
4152         DBusError error;
4153         int r;
4154         LookupPaths paths;
4155         char *config_path = NULL;
4156         unsigned j;
4157         InstallInfo *i;
4158         const char *verb = args[0];
4159
4160         dbus_error_init(&error);
4161
4162         zero(paths);
4163         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_user ? MANAGER_USER : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
4164                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
4165                 goto finish;
4166         }
4167
4168         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
4169                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
4170                 r = -ENOMEM;
4171                 goto finish;
4172         }
4173
4174         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4175         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4176
4177         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
4178                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
4179                 r = -ENOMEM;
4180                 goto finish;
4181         }
4182
4183         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
4184                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
4185                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
4186                         r = -ENOMEM;
4187                         goto finish;
4188                 }
4189
4190         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
4191                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0) {
4192                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", args[j], strerror(-r));
4193                         goto finish;
4194                 }
4195
4196         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
4197                 int q;
4198
4199                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
4200
4201                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
4202
4203                         if (q < 0) {
4204                                 if (r == 0)
4205                                         r = q;
4206                                 goto finish;
4207                         }
4208
4209                         /* In test mode and found something */
4210                         r = 1;
4211                         break;
4212                 }
4213         }
4214
4215         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4216                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
4217         else {
4218                 if (n_symlinks <= 0)
4219                         log_warning("Unit files contain no applicable installation information. Ignoring.");
4220
4221                 if (bus &&
4222                     /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
4223                     !arg_no_reload &&
4224                     /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
4225                     !arg_global &&
4226                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
4227                     (arg_user || sd_booted() > 0) &&
4228                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
4229                     (arg_user || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
4230                         int q;
4231
4232                         if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
4233                                 r = q;
4234                 }
4235         }
4236
4237 finish:
4238         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
4239         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
4240
4241         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
4242
4243         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
4244
4245         free(config_path);
4246
4247         return r;
4248 }
4249
4250 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4251
4252         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4253                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
4254                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4255                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4256                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4257                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4258                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4259                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4260                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4261                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4262                "                      pending\n"
4263                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4264                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4265                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4266                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4267                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager.\n"
4268                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4269                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4270                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4271                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4272                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4273                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4274                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4275                "                      configuration\n"
4276                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4277                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4278                "     --kill-mode=MODE How to send signal\n"
4279                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4280                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4281                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4282                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4283                "     --defaults       When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
4284                "Commands:\n"
4285                "  list-units                      List units\n"
4286                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4287                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4288                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4289                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4290                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4291                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4292                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4293                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4294                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4295                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4296                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4297                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4298                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4299                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4300                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4301                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4302                "                                  units\n"
4303                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4304                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4305                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
4306                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
4307                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4308                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
4309                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
4310                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4311                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
4312                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4313                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
4314                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4315                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
4316                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4317                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4318                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
4319                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4320                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4321                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4322                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4323                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4324                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4325                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4326                "  exit                            Ask for user instance termination\n",
4327                program_invocation_short_name);
4328
4329         return 0;
4330 }
4331
4332 static int halt_help(void) {
4333
4334         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4335                "%s the system.\n\n"
4336                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4337                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4338                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4339                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4340                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4341                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4342                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4343                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4344                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4345                program_invocation_short_name,
4346                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4347                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4348                                                "Halt");
4349
4350         return 0;
4351 }
4352
4353 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4354
4355         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4356                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4357                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4358                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4359                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4360                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4361                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4362                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4363                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4364                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4365                program_invocation_short_name);
4366
4367         return 0;
4368 }
4369
4370 static int telinit_help(void) {
4371
4372         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4373                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4374                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4375                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4376                "Commands:\n"
4377                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4378                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4379                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4380                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4381                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4382                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4383                program_invocation_short_name);
4384
4385         return 0;
4386 }
4387
4388 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4389
4390         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4391                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4392                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4393                program_invocation_short_name);
4394
4395         return 0;
4396 }
4397
4398 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4399
4400         enum {
4401                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4402                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4403                 ARG_VERSION,
4404                 ARG_USER,
4405                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4406                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4407                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4408                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4409                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4410                 ARG_ORDER,
4411                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4412                 ARG_FULL,
4413                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4414                 ARG_DEFAULTS,
4415                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4416                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4417                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4418                 ARG_FAILED
4419         };
4420
4421         static const struct option options[] = {
4422                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4423                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4424                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4425                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4426                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4427                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4428                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4429                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4430                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4431                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4432                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4433                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4434                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4435                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4436                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4437                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4438                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4439                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4440                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'           },
4441                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4442                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4443                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE },
4444                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4445                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4446                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4447                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4448         };
4449
4450         int c;
4451
4452         assert(argc >= 0);
4453         assert(argv);
4454
4455         /* Only when running as systemctl we ask for passwords */
4456         arg_ask_password = true;
4457
4458         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4459
4460                 switch (c) {
4461
4462                 case 'h':
4463                         systemctl_help();
4464                         return 0;
4465
4466                 case ARG_VERSION:
4467                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4468                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4469                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4470                         return 0;
4471
4472                 case 't':
4473                         arg_type = optarg;
4474                         break;
4475
4476                 case 'p': {
4477                         char **l;
4478
4479                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4480                                 return -ENOMEM;
4481
4482                         strv_free(arg_property);
4483                         arg_property = l;
4484
4485                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4486                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4487                          * empty. */
4488                         arg_all = true;
4489                         break;
4490                 }
4491
4492                 case 'a':
4493                         arg_all = true;
4494                         break;
4495
4496                 case ARG_FAIL:
4497                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4498                         break;
4499
4500                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4501                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4502                         break;
4503
4504                 case ARG_USER:
4505                         arg_user = true;
4506                         break;
4507
4508                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4509                         arg_user = false;
4510                         break;
4511
4512                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4513                         arg_no_block = true;
4514                         break;
4515
4516                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4517                         arg_no_pager = true;
4518                         break;
4519
4520                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4521                         arg_no_wall = true;
4522                         break;
4523
4524                 case ARG_ORDER:
4525                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4526                         break;
4527
4528                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4529                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4530                         break;
4531
4532                 case ARG_FULL:
4533                         arg_full = true;
4534                         break;
4535
4536                 case ARG_FAILED:
4537                         arg_failed = true;
4538                         break;
4539
4540                 case 'q':
4541                         arg_quiet = true;
4542                         break;
4543
4544                 case 'f':
4545                         arg_force = true;
4546                         break;
4547
4548                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4549                         arg_no_reload = true;
4550                         break;
4551
4552                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4553                         arg_global = true;
4554                         arg_user = true;
4555                         break;
4556
4557                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4558                         arg_defaults = true;
4559                         break;
4560
4561                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4562                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4563                         break;
4564
4565                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4566                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4567                         break;
4568
4569                 case 's':
4570                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4571                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4572                                 return -EINVAL;
4573                         }
4574                         break;
4575
4576                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4577                         arg_ask_password = false;
4578                         break;
4579
4580                 case '?':
4581                         return -EINVAL;
4582
4583                 default:
4584                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4585                         return -EINVAL;
4586                 }
4587         }
4588
4589         return 1;
4590 }
4591
4592 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4593
4594         enum {
4595                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4596                 ARG_HALT,
4597                 ARG_REBOOT,
4598                 ARG_NO_WALL
4599         };
4600
4601         static const struct option options[] = {
4602                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4603                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4604                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4605                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4606                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4607                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4608                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4609                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4610                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4611                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4612         };
4613
4614         int c, runlevel;
4615
4616         assert(argc >= 0);
4617         assert(argv);
4618
4619         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4620                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4621                         arg_immediate = true;
4622
4623         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4624                 switch (c) {
4625
4626                 case ARG_HELP:
4627                         halt_help();
4628                         return 0;
4629
4630                 case ARG_HALT:
4631                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4632                         break;
4633
4634                 case 'p':
4635                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4636                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4637                         break;
4638
4639                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4640                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4641                         break;
4642
4643                 case 'f':
4644                         arg_immediate = true;
4645                         break;
4646
4647                 case 'w':
4648                         arg_dry = true;
4649                         break;
4650
4651                 case 'd':
4652                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4653                         break;
4654
4655                 case 'n':
4656                         arg_no_sync = true;
4657                         break;
4658
4659                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4660                         arg_no_wall = true;
4661                         break;
4662
4663                 case 'i':
4664                 case 'h':
4665                         /* Compatibility nops */
4666                         break;
4667
4668                 case '?':
4669                         return -EINVAL;
4670
4671                 default:
4672                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4673                         return -EINVAL;
4674                 }
4675         }
4676
4677         if (optind < argc) {
4678                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4679                 return -EINVAL;
4680         }
4681
4682         return 1;
4683 }
4684
4685 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4686         assert(t);
4687         assert(_u);
4688
4689         if (streq(t, "now"))
4690                 *_u = 0;
4691         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4692                 uint64_t u;
4693
4694                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4695                         return -EINVAL;
4696
4697                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4698         } else {
4699                 char *e = NULL;
4700                 long hour, minute;
4701                 struct tm tm;
4702                 time_t s;
4703                 usec_t n;
4704
4705                 errno = 0;
4706                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4707                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4708                         return -EINVAL;
4709
4710                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4711                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4712                         return -EINVAL;
4713
4714                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4715                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4716
4717                 zero(tm);
4718                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4719
4720                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4721                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4722                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4723
4724                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4725
4726                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4727
4728                 while (*_u <= n)
4729                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4730         }
4731
4732         return 0;
4733 }
4734
4735 static bool kexec_loaded(void) {
4736        bool loaded = false;
4737        char *s;
4738
4739        if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) {
4740                if (s[0] == '1')
4741                        loaded = true;
4742                free(s);
4743        }
4744        return loaded;
4745 }
4746
4747 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4748
4749         enum {
4750                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4751                 ARG_NO_WALL
4752         };
4753
4754         static const struct option options[] = {
4755                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4756                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4757                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4758                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4759                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4760                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4761         };
4762
4763         int c, r;
4764
4765         assert(argc >= 0);
4766         assert(argv);
4767
4768         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4769                 switch (c) {
4770
4771                 case ARG_HELP:
4772                         shutdown_help();
4773                         return 0;
4774
4775                 case 'H':
4776                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4777                         break;
4778
4779                 case 'P':
4780                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4781                         break;
4782
4783                 case 'r':
4784                         if (kexec_loaded())
4785                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4786                         else
4787                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4788                         break;
4789
4790                 case 'h':
4791                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4792                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4793                         break;
4794
4795                 case 'k':
4796                         arg_dry = true;
4797                         break;
4798
4799                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4800                         arg_no_wall = true;
4801                         break;
4802
4803                 case 't':
4804                 case 'a':
4805                         /* Compatibility nops */
4806                         break;
4807
4808                 case 'c':
4809                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4810                         break;
4811
4812                 case '?':
4813                         return -EINVAL;
4814
4815                 default:
4816                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4817                         return -EINVAL;
4818                 }
4819         }
4820
4821         if (argc > optind) {
4822                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4823                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4824                         return r;
4825                 }
4826         } else
4827                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4828
4829         /* We skip the time argument */
4830         if (argc > optind + 1)
4831                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4832
4833         optind = argc;
4834
4835         return 1;
4836 }
4837
4838 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4839
4840         enum {
4841                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4842                 ARG_NO_WALL
4843         };
4844
4845         static const struct option options[] = {
4846                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4847                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4848                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4849         };
4850
4851         static const struct {
4852                 char from;
4853                 enum action to;
4854         } table[] = {
4855                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4856                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4857                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4858                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4859                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4860                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4861                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4862                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4863                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4864                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4865                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4866                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4867                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4868         };
4869
4870         unsigned i;
4871         int c;
4872
4873         assert(argc >= 0);
4874         assert(argv);
4875
4876         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4877                 switch (c) {
4878
4879                 case ARG_HELP:
4880                         telinit_help();
4881                         return 0;
4882
4883                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4884                         arg_no_wall = true;
4885                         break;
4886
4887                 case '?':
4888                         return -EINVAL;
4889
4890                 default:
4891                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4892                         return -EINVAL;
4893                 }
4894         }
4895
4896         if (optind >= argc) {
4897                 telinit_help();
4898                 return -EINVAL;
4899         }
4900
4901         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4902                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4903                 return -EINVAL;
4904         }
4905
4906         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4907                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4908                 return -EINVAL;
4909         }
4910
4911         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4912                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4913                         break;
4914
4915         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4916                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4917                 return -EINVAL;
4918         }
4919
4920         arg_action = table[i].to;
4921
4922         optind ++;
4923
4924         return 1;
4925 }
4926
4927 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4928
4929         enum {
4930                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4931         };
4932
4933         static const struct option options[] = {
4934                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4935                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4936         };
4937
4938         int c;
4939
4940         assert(argc >= 0);
4941         assert(argv);
4942
4943         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4944                 switch (c) {
4945
4946                 case ARG_HELP:
4947                         runlevel_help();
4948                         return 0;
4949
4950                 case '?':
4951                         return -EINVAL;
4952
4953                 default:
4954                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4955                         return -EINVAL;
4956                 }
4957         }
4958
4959         if (optind < argc) {
4960                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4961                 return -EINVAL;
4962         }
4963
4964         return 1;
4965 }
4966
4967 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4968         assert(argc >= 0);
4969         assert(argv);
4970
4971         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4972
4973                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4974                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4975                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4976                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4977                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4978                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4979                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4980                         if (kexec_loaded())
4981                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4982                         else
4983                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4984                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4985                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4986                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4987                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4988                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4989
4990                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4991                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4992                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4993                         } else {
4994                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4995                                  * running, we need to forward this
4996                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4997                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4998
4999                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
5000
5001                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
5002                                 return -EIO;
5003                         }
5004
5005                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
5006                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
5007                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5008                 }
5009         }
5010
5011         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
5012         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5013 }
5014
5015 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
5016
5017         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
5018                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
5019                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
5020                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
5021                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
5022                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
5023                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
5024                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
5025                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
5026         };
5027
5028         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
5029
5030         return table[arg_action];
5031 }
5032
5033 static int talk_upstart(void) {
5034         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
5035         DBusError error;
5036         int previous, rl, r;
5037         char
5038                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
5039                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
5040         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
5041         const char *emit = "runlevel";
5042         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
5043         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
5044         DBusConnection *bus;
5045
5046         dbus_error_init(&error);
5047
5048         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5049                 return 0;
5050
5051         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
5052                 previous = 'N';
5053
5054         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5055                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5056                         r = 0;
5057                         goto finish;
5058                 }
5059
5060                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5061                 r = -EIO;
5062                 goto finish;
5063         }
5064
5065         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5066                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5067                 goto finish;
5068         }
5069
5070         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5071                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5072                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5073                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5074                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5075
5076                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5077                 r = -ENOMEM;
5078                 goto finish;
5079         }
5080
5081         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5082
5083         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5084         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5085
5086         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5087             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5088             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5089             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5090             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5091             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5092                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5093                 r = -ENOMEM;
5094                 goto finish;
5095         }
5096
5097         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5098
5099                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5100                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5101                         goto finish;
5102                 }
5103
5104                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5105                 r = -EIO;
5106                 goto finish;
5107         }
5108
5109         r = 0;
5110
5111 finish:
5112         if (m)
5113                 dbus_message_unref(m);
5114
5115         if (reply)
5116                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
5117
5118         if (bus) {
5119                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5120                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5121                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5122         }
5123
5124         dbus_error_free(&error);
5125
5126         return r;
5127 }
5128
5129 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5130         struct init_request request;
5131         int r, fd;
5132         char rl;
5133
5134         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5135                 return 0;
5136
5137         zero(request);
5138         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5139         request.sleeptime = 0;
5140         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5141         request.runlevel = rl;
5142
5143         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
5144
5145                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5146                         return 0;
5147
5148                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5149                 return -errno;
5150         }
5151
5152         errno = 0;
5153         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5154         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5155
5156         if (r < 0) {
5157                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5158                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5159         }
5160
5161         return 1;
5162 }
5163
5164 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5165
5166         static const struct {
5167                 const char* verb;
5168                 const enum {
5169                         MORE,
5170                         LESS,
5171                         EQUAL
5172                 } argc_cmp;
5173                 const int argc;
5174                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
5175         } verbs[] = {
5176                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5177                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5178                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5179                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5180                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5181                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5182                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5183                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5184                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5185                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5186                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5187                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5188                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5189                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5190                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5191                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5192                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5193                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5194                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5195                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5196                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5197                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
5198                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5199                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5200                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5201                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5202                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5203                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5204                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5205                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5206                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5207                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5208                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5209                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5210                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5211                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5212                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5213                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5214                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5215                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5216                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5217                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5218                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
5219         };
5220
5221         int left;
5222         unsigned i;
5223
5224         assert(argc >= 0);
5225         assert(argv);
5226         assert(error);
5227
5228         left = argc - optind;
5229
5230         if (left <= 0)
5231                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5232                 i = 0;
5233         else {
5234                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5235                         systemctl_help();
5236                         return 0;
5237                 }
5238
5239                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5240                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5241                                 break;
5242
5243                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5244                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5245                         return -EINVAL;
5246                 }
5247         }
5248
5249         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5250
5251         case EQUAL:
5252                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5253                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5254                         return -EINVAL;
5255                 }
5256
5257                 break;
5258
5259         case MORE:
5260                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5261                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5262                         return -EINVAL;
5263                 }
5264
5265                 break;
5266
5267         case LESS:
5268                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5269                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5270                         return -EINVAL;
5271                 }
5272
5273                 break;
5274
5275         default:
5276                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5277         }
5278
5279         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5280          * enable/disable */
5281         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5282             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5283             !bus) {
5284                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
5285                 return -EIO;
5286         }
5287
5288         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
5289 }
5290
5291 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
5292         int fd = -1;
5293         struct msghdr msghdr;
5294         struct iovec iovec;
5295         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5296         struct shutdownd_command c;
5297
5298         zero(c);
5299         c.elapse = t;
5300         c.mode = mode;
5301         c.warn_wall = warn;
5302
5303         if (message)
5304                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
5305
5306         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
5307                 return -errno;
5308
5309         zero(sockaddr);
5310         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5311         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
5312         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
5313
5314         zero(iovec);
5315         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
5316         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
5317
5318         zero(msghdr);
5319         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5320         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
5321
5322         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
5323         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5324
5325         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5326                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5327                 return -errno;
5328         }
5329
5330         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5331         return 0;
5332 }
5333
5334 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5335
5336         if (bus) {
5337                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5338                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
5339                         return 0;
5340         }
5341
5342         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5343         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5344
5345         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5346                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5347                 return -errno;
5348         }
5349
5350         return 0;
5351 }
5352
5353 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5354
5355         if (bus) {
5356                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5357                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
5358                         goto done;
5359         }
5360
5361         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5362          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5363         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5364                 goto done;
5365
5366         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5367          * /dev/initctl */
5368         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5369                 goto done;
5370
5371         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5372         return -EIO;
5373
5374 done:
5375         warn_wall(arg_action);
5376         return 0;
5377 }
5378
5379 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5380         int r;
5381
5382         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5383                 log_error("Must be root.");
5384                 return -EPERM;
5385         }
5386
5387         if (arg_when > 0) {
5388                 char *m;
5389                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5390
5391                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5392                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5393                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5394                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5395                                                                    'r',
5396                                    !arg_no_wall,
5397                                    m);
5398                 free(m);
5399
5400                 if (r < 0)
5401                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5402                 else {
5403                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5404                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5405                         return 0;
5406                 }
5407         }
5408
5409         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
5410                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5411
5412         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5413                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5414                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5415                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
5416                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5417         }
5418
5419         if (!arg_no_sync)
5420                 sync();
5421
5422         if (arg_dry)
5423                 return 0;
5424
5425         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5426          * point on... */
5427         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5428
5429         switch (arg_action) {
5430
5431         case ACTION_HALT:
5432                 log_info("Halting.");
5433                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5434                 break;
5435
5436         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5437                 log_info("Powering off.");
5438                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5439                 break;
5440
5441         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5442                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5443                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5444                 break;
5445
5446         default:
5447                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5448         }
5449
5450         /* We should never reach this. */
5451         return -ENOSYS;
5452 }
5453
5454 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5455         int r, runlevel, previous;
5456
5457         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5458                 printf("unknown\n");
5459                 return r;
5460         }
5461
5462         printf("%c %c\n",
5463                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5464                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5465
5466         return 0;
5467 }
5468
5469 static void pager_open(void) {
5470         int fd[2];
5471         const char *pager;
5472         pid_t parent_pid;
5473
5474         if (pager_pid > 0)
5475                 return;
5476
5477         if (!on_tty() || arg_no_pager)
5478                 return;
5479
5480         if ((pager = getenv("PAGER")))
5481                 if (!*pager || streq(pager, "cat"))
5482                         return;
5483
5484         /* Determine and cache number of columns before we spawn the
5485          * pager so that we get the value from the actual tty */
5486         columns();
5487
5488         if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
5489                 log_error("Failed to create pager pipe: %m");
5490                 return;
5491         }
5492
5493         parent_pid = getpid();
5494
5495         pager_pid = fork();
5496         if (pager_pid < 0) {
5497                 log_error("Failed to fork pager: %m");
5498                 close_pipe(fd);
5499                 return;
5500         }
5501
5502         /* In the child start the pager */
5503         if (pager_pid == 0) {
5504
5505                 dup2(fd[0], STDIN_FILENO);
5506                 close_pipe(fd);
5507
5508                 setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
5509
5510                 /* Make sure the pager goes away when the parent dies */
5511                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
5512                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5513
5514                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
5515                  * to set the death signal */
5516                 if (getppid() != parent_pid)
5517                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
5518
5519                 if (pager) {
5520                         execlp(pager, pager, NULL);
5521                         execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", pager, NULL);
5522                 } else {
5523                         /* Debian's alternatives command for pagers is
5524                          * called 'pager'. Note that we do not call
5525                          * sensible-pagers here, since that is just a
5526                          * shell script that implements a logic that
5527                          * is similar to this one anyway, but is
5528                          * Debian-specific. */
5529                         execlp("pager", "pager", NULL);
5530
5531                         execlp("less", "less", NULL);
5532                         execlp("more", "more", NULL);
5533                 }
5534
5535                 log_error("Unable to execute pager: %m");
5536                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5537         }
5538
5539         /* Return in the parent */
5540         if (dup2(fd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
5541                 log_error("Failed to duplicate pager pipe: %m");
5542
5543         close_pipe(fd);
5544 }
5545
5546 static void pager_close(void) {
5547         siginfo_t dummy;
5548
5549         if (pager_pid <= 0)
5550                 return;
5551
5552         /* Inform pager that we are done */
5553         fclose(stdout);
5554         kill(pager_pid, SIGCONT);
5555         wait_for_terminate(pager_pid, &dummy);
5556         pager_pid = 0;
5557 }
5558
5559 static void agent_close(void) {
5560         siginfo_t dummy;
5561
5562         if (agent_pid <= 0)
5563                 return;
5564
5565         /* Inform agent that we are done */
5566         kill(agent_pid, SIGTERM);
5567         kill(agent_pid, SIGCONT);
5568         wait_for_terminate(agent_pid, &dummy);
5569         agent_pid = 0;
5570 }
5571
5572 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5573         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5574         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5575         DBusError error;
5576
5577         dbus_error_init(&error);
5578
5579         log_parse_environment();
5580         log_open();
5581
5582         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5583                 goto finish;
5584         else if (r == 0) {
5585                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5586                 goto finish;
5587         }
5588
5589         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5590          * let's shortcut this */
5591         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5592                 r = runlevel_main();
5593                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5594                 goto finish;
5595         }
5596
5597         bus_connect(arg_user ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5598
5599         switch (arg_action) {
5600
5601         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5602                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5603                 break;
5604
5605         case ACTION_HALT:
5606         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5607         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5608         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5609                 r = halt_main(bus);
5610                 break;
5611
5612         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5613         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5614         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5615         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5616         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5617         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5618         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5619                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5620                 break;
5621
5622         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5623         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5624                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5625                 break;
5626
5627         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5628                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5629                 break;
5630
5631         case ACTION_INVALID:
5632         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5633         default:
5634                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5635         }
5636
5637         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5638
5639 finish:
5640
5641         if (bus) {
5642                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5643                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5644                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5645         }
5646
5647         dbus_error_free(&error);
5648
5649         dbus_shutdown();
5650
5651         strv_free(arg_property);
5652
5653         pager_close();
5654         agent_close();
5655
5656         return retval;
5657 }