1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
44 #include <sys/prctl.h>
45 #include <sys/utsname.h>
47 #include <netinet/ip.h>
55 #include <sys/mount.h>
56 #include <linux/magic.h>
60 #include <sys/personality.h>
61 #include <sys/xattr.h>
62 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
66 /* When we include libgen.h because we need dirname() we immediately
67 * undefine basename() since libgen.h defines it as a macro to the XDG
68 * version which is really broken. */
72 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
84 #include "path-util.h"
85 #include "exit-status.h"
89 #include "device-nodes.h"
94 #include "sparse-endian.h"
96 /* Put this test here for a lack of better place */
97 assert_cc(EAGAIN == EWOULDBLOCK);
100 char **saved_argv = NULL;
102 static volatile unsigned cached_columns = 0;
103 static volatile unsigned cached_lines = 0;
105 size_t page_size(void) {
106 static thread_local size_t pgsz = 0;
109 if (_likely_(pgsz > 0))
112 r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
119 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
121 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
132 char* endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
139 pl = strlen(postfix);
142 return (char*) s + sl;
147 if (memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) != 0)
150 return (char*) s + sl - pl;
153 char* endswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
160 pl = strlen(postfix);
163 return (char*) s + sl;
168 if (strcasecmp(s + sl - pl, postfix) != 0)
171 return (char*) s + sl - pl;
174 char* first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
181 /* Checks if the string starts with the specified word, either
182 * followed by NUL or by whitespace. Returns a pointer to the
183 * NUL or the first character after the whitespace. */
194 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
201 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *p))
204 p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE);
208 static size_t cescape_char(char c, char *buf) {
209 char * buf_old = buf;
255 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
256 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
257 * g_strescape() does the same */
258 if ((c < ' ') || (c >= 127)) {
260 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c >> 6);
261 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c >> 3);
262 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c);
268 return buf - buf_old;
271 int close_nointr(int fd) {
278 * Just ignore EINTR; a retry loop is the wrong thing to do on
281 * http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
282 * https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=682819
283 * http://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/unix/CloseEINTR
284 * https://sites.google.com/site/michaelsafyan/software-engineering/checkforeintrwheninvokingclosethinkagain
292 int safe_close(int fd) {
295 * Like close_nointr() but cannot fail. Guarantees errno is
296 * unchanged. Is a NOP with negative fds passed, and returns
297 * -1, so that it can be used in this syntax:
299 * fd = safe_close(fd);
305 /* The kernel might return pretty much any error code
306 * via close(), but the fd will be closed anyway. The
307 * only condition we want to check for here is whether
308 * the fd was invalid at all... */
310 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) != -EBADF);
316 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
319 assert(fds || n_fd <= 0);
321 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
325 int unlink_noerrno(const char *path) {
336 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
339 if (streq(v, "1") || strcaseeq(v, "yes") || strcaseeq(v, "y") || strcaseeq(v, "true") || strcaseeq(v, "t") || strcaseeq(v, "on"))
341 else if (streq(v, "0") || strcaseeq(v, "no") || strcaseeq(v, "n") || strcaseeq(v, "false") || strcaseeq(v, "f") || strcaseeq(v, "off"))
347 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
348 unsigned long ul = 0;
355 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
361 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
371 int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
372 unsigned long ul = 0;
379 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
385 if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
388 /* Some libc APIs use UID_INVALID as special placeholder */
389 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFFFFFF)
392 /* A long time ago UIDs where 16bit, hence explicitly avoid the 16bit -1 too */
393 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFF)
400 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
408 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
410 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
411 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
413 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
416 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
420 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
428 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
430 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
431 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
433 if ((long) (int) l != l)
440 int safe_atou8(const char *s, uint8_t *ret) {
448 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
450 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
451 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
453 if ((unsigned long) (uint8_t) l != l)
460 int safe_atou16(const char *s, uint16_t *ret) {
468 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
470 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
471 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
473 if ((unsigned long) (uint16_t) l != l)
480 int safe_atoi16(const char *s, int16_t *ret) {
488 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
490 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
491 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
493 if ((long) (int16_t) l != l)
500 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
502 unsigned long long l;
508 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
510 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
511 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
517 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
525 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
527 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
528 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
534 int safe_atod(const char *s, double *ret_d) {
542 loc = newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C", (locale_t) 0);
543 if (loc == (locale_t) 0)
547 d = strtod_l(s, &x, loc);
549 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno) {
551 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
559 static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *reject) {
560 bool escaped = false;
563 for (n=0; s[n]; n++) {
566 else if (s[n] == '\\')
568 else if (strchr(reject, s[n]))
572 /* if s ends in \, return index of previous char */
576 /* Split a string into words. */
577 const char* split(const char **state, size_t *l, const char *separator, bool quoted) {
583 assert(**state == '\0');
587 current += strspn(current, separator);
593 if (quoted && strchr("\'\"", *current)) {
594 char quotechars[2] = {*current, '\0'};
596 *l = strcspn_escaped(current + 1, quotechars);
597 if (current[*l + 1] == '\0' ||
598 (current[*l + 2] && !strchr(separator, current[*l + 2]))) {
599 /* right quote missing or garbage at the end */
603 assert(current[*l + 1] == quotechars[0]);
604 *state = current++ + *l + 2;
606 *l = strcspn_escaped(current, separator);
607 if (current[*l] && !strchr(separator, current[*l])) {
608 /* unfinished escape */
612 *state = current + *l;
614 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
615 *state = current + *l;
621 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
623 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
635 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
636 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
640 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
641 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
642 * skip over it manually */
644 p = strrchr(line, ')');
656 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
659 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
664 int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
669 r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
675 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
678 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
682 int get_process_state(pid_t pid) {
686 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
690 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
691 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
695 p = strrchr(line, ')');
701 if (sscanf(p, " %c", &state) != 1)
704 return (unsigned char) state;
707 int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) {
714 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "comm");
716 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
723 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) {
724 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
732 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
738 if (max_length == 0) {
739 size_t len = 0, allocated = 0;
741 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
743 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(r, allocated, len+2)) {
748 r[len++] = isprint(c) ? c : ' ';
758 r = new(char, max_length);
764 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
786 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
793 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
795 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
803 h = get_process_comm(pid, &t);
807 r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL);
816 int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) {
828 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
833 count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
837 /* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */
840 return eof ? 1 : -errno;
845 int get_process_capeff(pid_t pid, char **capeff) {
851 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
853 return get_status_field(p, "\nCapEff:", capeff);
856 static int get_process_link_contents(const char *proc_file, char **name) {
862 r = readlink_malloc(proc_file, name);
864 return r == -ENOENT ? -ESRCH : r;
869 int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) {
876 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "exe");
877 r = get_process_link_contents(p, name);
881 d = endswith(*name, " (deleted)");
888 static int get_process_id(pid_t pid, const char *field, uid_t *uid) {
889 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
899 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
904 FOREACH_LINE(line, f, return -errno) {
909 if (startswith(l, field)) {
911 l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE);
913 l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0;
915 return parse_uid(l, uid);
922 int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) {
923 return get_process_id(pid, "Uid:", uid);
926 int get_process_gid(pid_t pid, gid_t *gid) {
927 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
928 return get_process_id(pid, "Gid:", gid);
931 int get_process_cwd(pid_t pid, char **cwd) {
936 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cwd");
938 return get_process_link_contents(p, cwd);
941 int get_process_root(pid_t pid, char **root) {
946 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "root");
948 return get_process_link_contents(p, root);
951 int get_process_environ(pid_t pid, char **env) {
952 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
953 _cleanup_free_ char *outcome = NULL;
956 size_t allocated = 0, sz = 0;
961 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "environ");
967 while ((c = fgetc(f)) != EOF) {
968 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(outcome, allocated, sz + 5))
972 outcome[sz++] = '\n';
974 sz += cescape_char(c, outcome + sz);
984 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
992 return strndup(suffix, b);
1001 if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a)
1004 r = new(char, a+b+1);
1009 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
1015 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
1016 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
1019 int readlinkat_malloc(int fd, const char *p, char **ret) {
1034 n = readlinkat(fd, p, c, l-1);
1041 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
1052 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **ret) {
1053 return readlinkat_malloc(AT_FDCWD, p, ret);
1056 int readlink_value(const char *p, char **ret) {
1057 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
1061 r = readlink_malloc(p, &link);
1065 value = basename(link);
1069 value = strdup(value);
1078 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
1079 _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
1086 j = readlink_malloc(p, &target);
1090 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
1098 int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
1105 j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
1109 s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
1116 path_kill_slashes(*r);
1121 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
1124 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
1125 struct sigaction sa = {
1126 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
1127 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
1130 /* These two cannot be caught... */
1131 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
1134 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
1135 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
1136 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
1137 if (errno != EINVAL && r == 0)
1144 int reset_signal_mask(void) {
1147 if (sigemptyset(&ss) < 0)
1150 if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, NULL) < 0)
1156 char *strstrip(char *s) {
1159 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
1160 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
1162 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
1164 for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --)
1165 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1]))
1173 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
1176 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
1178 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
1179 if (strchr(bad, *f))
1190 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
1197 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
1198 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
1201 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
1202 return strdup(filename);
1204 e = strrchr(path, '/');
1206 return strdup(filename);
1208 k = strlen(filename);
1209 ret = new(char, (e + 1 - path) + k + 1);
1213 memcpy(mempcpy(ret, path, e + 1 - path), filename, k + 1);
1217 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
1226 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1227 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1233 /* Skip last component */
1234 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
1237 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1238 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1244 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1247 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1256 if (errno != ENOENT)
1263 char hexchar(int x) {
1264 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1266 return table[x & 15];
1269 int unhexchar(char c) {
1271 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1274 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1275 return c - 'a' + 10;
1277 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1278 return c - 'A' + 10;
1283 char *hexmem(const void *p, size_t l) {
1287 z = r = malloc(l * 2 + 1);
1291 for (x = p; x < (const uint8_t*) p + l; x++) {
1292 *(z++) = hexchar(*x >> 4);
1293 *(z++) = hexchar(*x & 15);
1300 void *unhexmem(const char *p, size_t l) {
1306 z = r = malloc((l + 1) / 2 + 1);
1310 for (x = p; x < p + l; x += 2) {
1313 a = unhexchar(x[0]);
1315 b = unhexchar(x[1]);
1319 *(z++) = (uint8_t) a << 4 | (uint8_t) b;
1326 char octchar(int x) {
1327 return '0' + (x & 7);
1330 int unoctchar(char c) {
1332 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1338 char decchar(int x) {
1339 return '0' + (x % 10);
1342 int undecchar(char c) {
1344 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1350 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1356 /* Does C style string escaping. May be reversed with
1359 r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1);
1363 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1364 t += cescape_char(*f, t);
1371 static int cunescape_one(const char *p, size_t length, char *ret, uint32_t *ret_unicode) {
1378 /* Unescapes C style. Returns the unescaped character in ret,
1379 * unless we encountered a \u sequence in which case the full
1380 * unicode character is returned in ret_unicode, instead. */
1382 if (length != (size_t) -1 && length < 1)
1419 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1424 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1427 if (length != (size_t) -1 && length < 3)
1430 a = unhexchar(p[1]);
1434 b = unhexchar(p[2]);
1438 /* Don't allow NUL bytes */
1439 if (a == 0 && b == 0)
1442 *ret = (char) ((a << 4U) | b);
1448 /* C++11 style 16bit unicode */
1454 if (length != (size_t) -1 && length < 5)
1457 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1458 a[i] = unhexchar(p[1 + i]);
1463 c = ((uint32_t) a[0] << 12U) | ((uint32_t) a[1] << 8U) | ((uint32_t) a[2] << 4U) | (uint32_t) a[3];
1465 /* Don't allow 0 chars */
1484 /* C++11 style 32bit unicode */
1490 if (length != (size_t) -1 && length < 9)
1493 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1494 a[i] = unhexchar(p[1 + i]);
1499 c = ((uint32_t) a[0] << 28U) | ((uint32_t) a[1] << 24U) | ((uint32_t) a[2] << 20U) | ((uint32_t) a[3] << 16U) |
1500 ((uint32_t) a[4] << 12U) | ((uint32_t) a[5] << 8U) | ((uint32_t) a[6] << 4U) | (uint32_t) a[7];
1502 /* Don't allow 0 chars */
1506 /* Don't allow invalid code points */
1507 if (!unichar_is_valid(c))
1532 /* octal encoding */
1536 if (length != (size_t) -1 && length < 4)
1539 a = unoctchar(p[0]);
1543 b = unoctchar(p[1]);
1547 c = unoctchar(p[2]);
1551 /* don't allow NUL bytes */
1552 if (a == 0 && b == 0 && c == 0)
1555 /* Don't allow bytes above 255 */
1556 m = ((uint32_t) a << 6U) | ((uint32_t) b << 3U) | (uint32_t) c;
1572 int cunescape_length_with_prefix(const char *s, size_t length, const char *prefix, UnescapeFlags flags, char **ret) {
1580 /* Undoes C style string escaping, and optionally prefixes it. */
1582 pl = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
1584 r = new(char, pl+length+1);
1589 memcpy(r, prefix, pl);
1591 for (f = s, t = r + pl; f < s + length; f++) {
1597 remaining = s + length - f;
1598 assert(remaining > 0);
1601 /* A literal literal, copy verbatim */
1606 if (remaining == 1) {
1607 if (flags & UNESCAPE_RELAX) {
1608 /* A trailing backslash, copy verbatim */
1617 k = cunescape_one(f + 1, remaining - 1, &c, &u);
1619 if (flags & UNESCAPE_RELAX) {
1620 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1630 /* Non-Unicode? Let's encode this directly */
1633 /* Unicode? Then let's encode this in UTF-8 */
1634 t += utf8_encode_unichar(t, u);
1645 int cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length, UnescapeFlags flags, char **ret) {
1646 return cunescape_length_with_prefix(s, length, NULL, flags, ret);
1649 int cunescape(const char *s, UnescapeFlags flags, char **ret) {
1650 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s), flags, ret);
1653 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1657 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1658 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1661 r = new(char, strlen(s) * 4 + 1);
1665 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1667 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1668 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1671 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1672 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1682 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
1687 for (p = t; *p; p++)
1688 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1689 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1694 _pure_ static bool hidden_file_allow_backup(const char *filename) {
1698 filename[0] == '.' ||
1699 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
1700 streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
1701 streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
1702 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1703 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1704 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1705 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1706 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1707 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-tmp") ||
1708 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-dist") ||
1709 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-bak") ||
1710 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-backup") ||
1711 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-remove") ||
1712 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1715 bool hidden_file(const char *filename) {
1718 if (endswith(filename, "~"))
1721 return hidden_file_allow_backup(filename);
1724 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1729 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
1734 nflags = flags | O_NONBLOCK;
1736 nflags = flags & ~O_NONBLOCK;
1738 if (nflags == flags)
1741 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, nflags) < 0)
1747 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1752 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0);
1757 nflags = flags | FD_CLOEXEC;
1759 nflags = flags & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1761 if (nflags == flags)
1764 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, nflags) < 0)
1770 _pure_ static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) {
1773 assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset);
1775 for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++)
1782 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1783 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
1787 assert(n_except == 0 || except);
1789 d = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1794 /* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots)
1795 * the fallback is brute forcing through the fd
1798 assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0);
1799 for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) {
1801 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1804 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0)
1805 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1812 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
1815 if (hidden_file(de->d_name))
1818 if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
1819 /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
1828 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1831 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
1832 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1833 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1841 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1844 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1845 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1852 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1853 static const char table[] =
1868 x = startswith(fstype, "fuse.");
1872 return nulstr_contains(table, fstype);
1876 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
1878 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1884 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1888 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1891 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1894 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1900 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) {
1901 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1902 char c, line[LINE_MAX];
1907 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1908 new_termios = old_termios;
1910 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1911 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1912 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1914 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1917 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1918 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) {
1919 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1924 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1926 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1932 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1939 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1940 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0)
1945 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
1946 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
1950 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1960 int ask_char(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1970 bool need_nl = true;
1973 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1980 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1984 r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, USEC_INFINITY, &need_nl);
1987 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1988 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1999 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
2004 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
2008 int ask_string(char **ret, const char *text, ...) {
2013 char line[LINE_MAX];
2017 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
2024 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
2029 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin))
2030 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
2032 if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
2051 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) {
2052 struct termios termios;
2055 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
2059 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
2060 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
2061 * interfere with that. */
2063 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
2064 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
2066 /* Switch to text mode */
2068 ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT);
2070 /* Enable console unicode mode */
2071 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE);
2073 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
2078 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
2079 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
2080 * else will do that for us */
2082 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
2083 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
2084 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
2085 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
2086 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
2088 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
2089 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
2090 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
2091 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
2092 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
2093 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
2094 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
2095 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
2096 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
2097 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
2098 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
2099 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
2100 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
2102 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
2103 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
2105 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
2109 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
2110 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
2115 int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
2116 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2118 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
2122 return reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
2125 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
2130 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
2131 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
2132 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
2133 * retrying a couple of times.
2135 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
2138 assert(!(mode & O_CREAT));
2141 fd = open(name, mode, 0);
2148 /* Max 1s in total */
2152 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
2170 int flush_fd(int fd) {
2171 struct pollfd pollfd = {
2181 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
2191 l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
2197 if (errno == EAGAIN)
2206 int acquire_terminal(
2210 bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm,
2213 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1;
2218 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
2219 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
2220 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
2222 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
2223 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
2224 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
2225 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
2226 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
2227 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
2228 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
2229 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
2231 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY)
2232 ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2234 if (!fail && !force) {
2235 notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != USEC_INFINITY ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0));
2241 wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE);
2249 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new = {
2250 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2251 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2255 r = flush_fd(notify);
2260 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
2261 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
2262 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
2263 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
2267 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2268 * if we already own the tty. */
2269 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2271 /* First, try to get the tty */
2272 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0)
2275 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2277 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
2278 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
2279 * are have this controlling terminal. */
2280 if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
2283 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) {
2292 assert(notify >= 0);
2295 union inotify_event_buffer buffer;
2296 struct inotify_event *e;
2299 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY) {
2302 n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2303 if (ts + timeout < n) {
2308 r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n);
2318 l = read(notify, &buffer, sizeof(buffer));
2320 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2327 FOREACH_INOTIFY_EVENT(e, buffer, l) {
2328 if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
2337 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
2338 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
2339 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
2340 * an endless loop. */
2341 fd = safe_close(fd);
2346 r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
2348 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to reset terminal: %m");
2359 int release_terminal(void) {
2360 static const struct sigaction sa_new = {
2361 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2362 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2365 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2366 struct sigaction sa_old;
2369 fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC);
2373 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2374 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2375 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2377 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2380 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2385 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2390 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2391 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2398 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2399 struct sigaction sa = {
2400 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2401 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2406 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2410 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2411 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2418 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2419 struct sigaction sa = {
2420 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
2421 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2426 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2430 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2431 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2438 void safe_close_pair(int p[]) {
2442 /* Special case pairs which use the same fd in both
2444 p[0] = p[1] = safe_close(p[0]);
2448 p[0] = safe_close(p[0]);
2449 p[1] = safe_close(p[1]);
2452 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2459 while (nbytes > 0) {
2462 k = read(fd, p, nbytes);
2467 if (errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2469 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2470 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2473 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);
2477 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2491 int loop_read_exact(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2494 n = loop_read(fd, buf, nbytes, do_poll);
2497 if ((size_t) n != nbytes)
2502 int loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2503 const uint8_t *p = buf;
2510 while (nbytes > 0) {
2513 k = write(fd, p, nbytes);
2518 if (errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2519 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2520 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2523 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLOUT, USEC_INFINITY);
2530 if (k == 0) /* Can't really happen */
2540 int parse_size(const char *t, off_t base, off_t *size) {
2542 /* Soo, sometimes we want to parse IEC binary suffxies, and
2543 * sometimes SI decimal suffixes. This function can parse
2544 * both. Which one is the right way depends on the
2545 * context. Wikipedia suggests that SI is customary for
2546 * hardrware metrics and network speeds, while IEC is
2547 * customary for most data sizes used by software and volatile
2548 * (RAM) memory. Hence be careful which one you pick!
2550 * In either case we use just K, M, G as suffix, and not Ki,
2551 * Mi, Gi or so (as IEC would suggest). That's because that's
2552 * frickin' ugly. But this means you really need to make sure
2553 * to document which base you are parsing when you use this
2558 unsigned long long factor;
2561 static const struct table iec[] = {
2562 { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2563 { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2564 { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2565 { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2566 { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
2572 static const struct table si[] = {
2573 { "E", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2574 { "P", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2575 { "T", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2576 { "G", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2577 { "M", 1000ULL*1000ULL },
2583 const struct table *table;
2585 unsigned long long r = 0;
2586 unsigned n_entries, start_pos = 0;
2589 assert(base == 1000 || base == 1024);
2594 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(si);
2597 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(iec);
2603 unsigned long long l2;
2609 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2622 if (*e >= '0' && *e <= '9') {
2625 /* strotoull itself would accept space/+/- */
2626 l2 = strtoull(e, &e2, 10);
2628 if (errno == ERANGE)
2631 /* Ignore failure. E.g. 10.M is valid */
2638 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2640 for (i = start_pos; i < n_entries; i++)
2641 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2642 unsigned long long tmp;
2643 if ((unsigned long long) l + (frac > 0) > ULLONG_MAX / table[i].factor)
2645 tmp = l * table[i].factor + (unsigned long long) (frac * table[i].factor);
2646 if (tmp > ULLONG_MAX - r)
2650 if ((unsigned long long) (off_t) r != r)
2653 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2669 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2674 r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
2675 s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
2676 t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
2681 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2684 /* Explicitly unset O_CLOEXEC, since if fd was < 3, then
2685 * dup2() was a NOP and the bit hence possibly set. */
2686 fd_cloexec(STDIN_FILENO, false);
2687 fd_cloexec(STDOUT_FILENO, false);
2688 fd_cloexec(STDERR_FILENO, false);
2693 int make_null_stdio(void) {
2696 null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2700 return make_stdio(null_fd);
2703 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
2705 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
2706 * sysfs or in /dev */
2709 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
2710 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
2713 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
2714 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;
2725 if (!de && errno != 0)
2731 if (!hidden_file(de->d_name))
2736 char* dirname_malloc(const char *path) {
2737 char *d, *dir, *dir2;
2754 int dev_urandom(void *p, size_t n) {
2755 static int have_syscall = -1;
2757 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2760 /* Gathers some randomness from the kernel. This call will
2761 * never block, and will always return some data from the
2762 * kernel, regardless if the random pool is fully initialized
2763 * or not. It thus makes no guarantee for the quality of the
2764 * returned entropy, but is good enough for or usual usecases
2765 * of seeding the hash functions for hashtable */
2767 /* Use the getrandom() syscall unless we know we don't have
2768 * it, or when the requested size is too large for it. */
2769 if (have_syscall != 0 || (size_t) (int) n != n) {
2770 r = getrandom(p, n, GRND_NONBLOCK);
2772 have_syscall = true;
2777 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2778 /* we lack the syscall, continue with
2779 * reading from /dev/urandom */
2780 have_syscall = false;
2781 else if (errno == EAGAIN)
2782 /* not enough entropy for now. Let's
2783 * remember to use the syscall the
2784 * next time, again, but also read
2785 * from /dev/urandom for now, which
2786 * doesn't care about the current
2787 * amount of entropy. */
2788 have_syscall = true;
2792 /* too short read? */
2796 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
2798 return errno == ENOENT ? -ENOSYS : -errno;
2800 return loop_read_exact(fd, p, n, true);
2803 void initialize_srand(void) {
2804 static bool srand_called = false;
2806 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2815 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2816 /* The kernel provides us with a bit of entropy in auxv, so
2817 * let's try to make use of that to seed the pseudo-random
2818 * generator. It's better than nothing... */
2820 auxv = (void*) getauxval(AT_RANDOM);
2822 x ^= *(unsigned*) auxv;
2825 x ^= (unsigned) now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
2826 x ^= (unsigned) gettid();
2829 srand_called = true;
2832 void random_bytes(void *p, size_t n) {
2836 r = dev_urandom(p, n);
2840 /* If some idiot made /dev/urandom unavailable to us, he'll
2841 * get a PRNG instead. */
2845 for (q = p; q < (uint8_t*) p + n; q ++)
2849 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
2852 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the
2853 * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used
2854 * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars
2855 * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length
2856 * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of
2857 * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be
2860 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
2862 if (program_invocation_name)
2863 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
2865 if (saved_argc > 0) {
2869 strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
2871 for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
2875 memzero(saved_argv[i], strlen(saved_argv[i]));
2880 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
2887 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2888 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
2892 int sigprocmask_many(int how, ...) {
2897 assert_se(sigemptyset(&ss) == 0);
2900 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2901 assert_se(sigaddset(&ss, sig) == 0);
2904 if (sigprocmask(how, &ss, NULL) < 0)
2910 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
2913 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2915 if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"))
2916 return strdup(u.nodename);
2918 return strdup(u.sysname);
2921 bool hostname_is_set(void) {
2924 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2926 return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)");
2929 char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) {
2932 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
2933 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
2935 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
2937 return strdup("root");
2939 bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
2943 buf = malloc(bufsize);
2947 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw)
2948 return strdup(pw->pw_name);
2950 if (asprintf(&name, UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
2956 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
2960 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
2965 return lookup_uid(uid);
2968 char *getusername_malloc(void) {
2975 return lookup_uid(getuid());
2978 int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **ret) {
2988 r = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path));
2993 p = startswith(path, "/dev/");
2994 c = strdup(p ?: path);
3011 int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
3015 k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s);
3019 if (streq(s, "tty")) {
3021 return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
3028 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
3030 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
3032 unsigned long ttynr;
3036 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
3037 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
3041 p = strrchr(line, ')');
3051 "%*d " /* session */
3056 if (major(ttynr) == 0 && minor(ttynr) == 0)
3065 int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
3066 char fn[sizeof("/dev/char/")-1 + 2*DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned) + 1 + 1], *b = NULL;
3067 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
3074 k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
3078 sprintf(fn, "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
3080 k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s);
3086 /* This is an ugly hack */
3087 if (major(devnr) == 136) {
3088 if (asprintf(&b, "pts/%u", minor(devnr)) < 0)
3091 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
3092 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
3093 * vaguely useful. */
3100 if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
3102 else if (startswith(s, "../"))
3119 bool is_temporary_fs(const struct statfs *s) {
3122 return F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, TMPFS_MAGIC) ||
3123 F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, RAMFS_MAGIC);
3126 int fd_is_temporary_fs(int fd) {
3129 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0)
3132 return is_temporary_fs(&s);
3135 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
3138 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
3139 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
3140 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
3142 if (mode != MODE_INVALID)
3143 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
3146 if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID)
3147 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
3153 int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
3156 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
3157 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
3158 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
3160 if (mode != MODE_INVALID)
3161 if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0)
3164 if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID)
3165 if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0)
3171 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
3175 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
3178 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
3181 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
3182 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
3192 if (errno != EINVAL)
3199 int status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, va_list ap) {
3200 static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */
3201 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
3202 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3203 struct iovec iovec[6] = {};
3205 static bool prev_ephemeral;
3209 /* This is independent of logging, as status messages are
3210 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
3212 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
3215 fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
3228 sl = status ? sizeof(status_indent)-1 : 0;
3234 e = ellipsize(s, emax, 50);
3242 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\r" ANSI_ERASE_TO_END_OF_LINE);
3243 prev_ephemeral = ephemeral;
3246 if (!isempty(status)) {
3247 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "[");
3248 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status);
3249 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] ");
3251 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent);
3254 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s);
3256 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n");
3258 if (writev(fd, iovec, n) < 0)
3264 int status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, ...) {
3270 va_start(ap, format);
3271 r = status_vprintf(status, ellipse, ephemeral, format, ap);
3277 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
3284 const char *e, *word = format;
3289 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
3300 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1);
3310 } else if (*e == '$') {
3311 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word);
3328 t = strempty(strv_env_get_n(env, word+2, e-word-2));
3330 k = strappend(r, t);
3344 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word);
3356 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
3358 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
3360 l = strv_length(argv);
3362 ret = new(char*, l+1);
3366 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
3368 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
3369 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
3371 char **w, **m = NULL;
3374 e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1);
3378 r = strv_split_quoted(&m, e, UNQUOTE_RELAX);
3390 w = realloc(ret, sizeof(char*) * (l+1));
3400 memcpy(ret + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));