1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
42 #include <sys/inotify.h>
45 #include <sys/prctl.h>
46 #include <sys/utsname.h>
48 #include <netinet/ip.h>
57 #include <sys/mount.h>
58 #include <linux/magic.h>
62 #include <sys/personality.h>
66 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
78 #include "path-util.h"
79 #include "exit-status.h"
83 #include "device-nodes.h"
90 char **saved_argv = NULL;
92 static volatile unsigned cached_columns = 0;
93 static volatile unsigned cached_lines = 0;
95 size_t page_size(void) {
96 static thread_local size_t pgsz = 0;
99 if (_likely_(pgsz > 0))
102 r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
109 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
111 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
122 char* endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
129 pl = strlen(postfix);
132 return (char*) s + sl;
137 if (memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) != 0)
140 return (char*) s + sl - pl;
143 char* first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
150 /* Checks if the string starts with the specified word, either
151 * followed by NUL or by whitespace. Returns a pointer to the
152 * NUL or the first character after the whitespace. */
163 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
170 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *p))
173 p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE);
177 int close_nointr(int fd) {
184 * Just ignore EINTR; a retry loop is the wrong thing to do on
187 * http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
188 * https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=682819
189 * http://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/unix/CloseEINTR
190 * https://sites.google.com/site/michaelsafyan/software-engineering/checkforeintrwheninvokingclosethinkagain
198 int safe_close(int fd) {
201 * Like close_nointr() but cannot fail. Guarantees errno is
202 * unchanged. Is a NOP with negative fds passed, and returns
203 * -1, so that it can be used in this syntax:
205 * fd = safe_close(fd);
211 /* The kernel might return pretty much any error code
212 * via close(), but the fd will be closed anyway. The
213 * only condition we want to check for here is whether
214 * the fd was invalid at all... */
216 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) != -EBADF);
222 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
225 assert(fds || n_fd <= 0);
227 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
231 int unlink_noerrno(const char *path) {
242 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
245 if (streq(v, "1") || strcaseeq(v, "yes") || strcaseeq(v, "y") || strcaseeq(v, "true") || strcaseeq(v, "t") || strcaseeq(v, "on"))
247 else if (streq(v, "0") || strcaseeq(v, "no") || strcaseeq(v, "n") || strcaseeq(v, "false") || strcaseeq(v, "f") || strcaseeq(v, "off"))
253 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
254 unsigned long ul = 0;
261 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
267 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
277 int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
278 unsigned long ul = 0;
285 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
291 if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
294 /* Some libc APIs use (uid_t) -1 as special placeholder */
295 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFFFFFF)
298 /* A long time ago UIDs where 16bit, hence explicitly avoid the 16bit -1 too */
299 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFF)
306 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
314 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
316 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
317 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
319 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
322 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
326 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
334 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
336 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
337 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
339 if ((long) (int) l != l)
346 int safe_atou8(const char *s, uint8_t *ret) {
354 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
356 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
357 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
359 if ((unsigned long) (uint8_t) l != l)
366 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
368 unsigned long long l;
374 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
376 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
377 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
383 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
391 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
393 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
394 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
400 int safe_atod(const char *s, double *ret_d) {
407 RUN_WITH_LOCALE(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C") {
412 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
413 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
419 static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *reject) {
420 bool escaped = false;
423 for (n=0; s[n]; n++) {
426 else if (s[n] == '\\')
428 else if (strchr(reject, s[n]))
431 /* if s ends in \, return index of previous char */
435 /* Split a string into words. */
436 const char* split(const char **state, size_t *l, const char *separator, bool quoted) {
442 assert(**state == '\0');
446 current += strspn(current, separator);
452 if (quoted && strchr("\'\"", *current)) {
453 char quotechars[2] = {*current, '\0'};
455 *l = strcspn_escaped(current + 1, quotechars);
456 if (current[*l + 1] == '\0' ||
457 (current[*l + 2] && !strchr(separator, current[*l + 2]))) {
458 /* right quote missing or garbage at the end*/
462 assert(current[*l + 1] == quotechars[0]);
463 *state = current++ + *l + 2;
465 *l = strcspn_escaped(current, separator);
466 *state = current + *l;
468 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
469 *state = current + *l;
475 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
477 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
489 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
490 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
494 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
495 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
496 * skip over it manually */
498 p = strrchr(line, ')');
510 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
513 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
518 int get_starttime_of_pid(pid_t pid, unsigned long long *st) {
520 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
526 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
527 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
531 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
532 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
533 * skip over it manually */
535 p = strrchr(line, ')');
557 "%*d " /* priority */
559 "%*d " /* num_threads */
560 "%*d " /* itrealvalue */
561 "%llu " /* starttime */,
568 int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
573 r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
579 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
582 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
586 int get_process_state(pid_t pid) {
590 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
594 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
595 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
599 p = strrchr(line, ')');
605 if (sscanf(p, " %c", &state) != 1)
608 return (unsigned char) state;
611 int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) {
618 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "comm");
620 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
627 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) {
628 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
636 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
642 if (max_length == 0) {
643 size_t len = 0, allocated = 0;
645 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
647 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(r, allocated, len+2)) {
652 r[len++] = isprint(c) ? c : ' ';
662 r = new(char, max_length);
668 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
690 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
697 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
698 if (r == NULL || r[0] == 0) {
699 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
707 h = get_process_comm(pid, &t);
711 r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL);
720 int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) {
732 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
737 count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
741 /* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */
744 return eof ? 1 : -errno;
749 int get_process_capeff(pid_t pid, char **capeff) {
755 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
757 return get_status_field(p, "\nCapEff:", capeff);
760 int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) {
768 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "exe");
770 r = readlink_malloc(p, name);
772 return r == -ENOENT ? -ESRCH : r;
774 d = endswith(*name, " (deleted)");
781 static int get_process_id(pid_t pid, const char *field, uid_t *uid) {
782 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
792 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
797 FOREACH_LINE(line, f, return -errno) {
802 if (startswith(l, field)) {
804 l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE);
806 l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0;
808 return parse_uid(l, uid);
815 int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) {
816 return get_process_id(pid, "Uid:", uid);
819 int get_process_gid(pid_t pid, gid_t *gid) {
820 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
821 return get_process_id(pid, "Gid:", gid);
824 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
832 return strndup(suffix, b);
841 if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a)
844 r = new(char, a+b+1);
849 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
855 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
856 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
859 int readlinkat_malloc(int fd, const char *p, char **ret) {
874 n = readlinkat(fd, p, c, l-1);
881 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
892 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **ret) {
893 return readlinkat_malloc(AT_FDCWD, p, ret);
896 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
897 _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
904 j = readlink_malloc(p, &target);
908 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
916 int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
923 j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
927 s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
934 path_kill_slashes(*r);
939 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
942 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
943 struct sigaction sa = {
944 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
945 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
948 /* These two cannot be caught... */
949 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
952 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
953 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
954 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
955 if (errno != EINVAL && r == 0)
962 char *strstrip(char *s) {
965 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
966 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
968 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
970 for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --)
971 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1]))
979 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
982 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
984 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
996 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
1003 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
1004 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
1007 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
1008 return strdup(filename);
1010 if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
1011 return strdup(filename);
1013 k = strlen(filename);
1014 if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
1017 memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
1018 memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
1023 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
1032 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1033 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1039 /* Skip last component */
1040 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
1043 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1044 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1050 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1053 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1062 if (errno != ENOENT)
1069 char hexchar(int x) {
1070 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1072 return table[x & 15];
1075 int unhexchar(char c) {
1077 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1080 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1081 return c - 'a' + 10;
1083 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1084 return c - 'A' + 10;
1089 char *hexmem(const void *p, size_t l) {
1093 z = r = malloc(l * 2 + 1);
1097 for (x = p; x < (const uint8_t*) p + l; x++) {
1098 *(z++) = hexchar(*x >> 4);
1099 *(z++) = hexchar(*x & 15);
1106 void *unhexmem(const char *p, size_t l) {
1112 z = r = malloc((l + 1) / 2 + 1);
1116 for (x = p; x < p + l; x += 2) {
1119 a = unhexchar(x[0]);
1121 b = unhexchar(x[1]);
1125 *(z++) = (uint8_t) a << 4 | (uint8_t) b;
1132 char octchar(int x) {
1133 return '0' + (x & 7);
1136 int unoctchar(char c) {
1138 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1144 char decchar(int x) {
1145 return '0' + (x % 10);
1148 int undecchar(char c) {
1150 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1156 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1162 /* Does C style string escaping. */
1164 r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1);
1168 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1214 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
1215 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
1216 * g_strescape() does the same */
1217 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
1219 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
1220 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
1221 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
1232 char *cunescape_length_with_prefix(const char *s, size_t length, const char *prefix) {
1239 /* Undoes C style string escaping, and optionally prefixes it. */
1241 pl = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
1243 r = new(char, pl+length+1);
1248 memcpy(r, prefix, pl);
1250 for (f = s, t = r + pl; f < s + length; f++) {
1293 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1298 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1301 a = unhexchar(f[1]);
1302 b = unhexchar(f[2]);
1304 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0)) {
1305 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1309 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1324 /* octal encoding */
1327 a = unoctchar(f[0]);
1328 b = unoctchar(f[1]);
1329 c = unoctchar(f[2]);
1331 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0 && c == 0)) {
1332 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1336 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
1344 /* premature end of string.*/
1349 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1361 char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
1362 return cunescape_length_with_prefix(s, length, NULL);
1365 char *cunescape(const char *s) {
1368 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
1371 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1375 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1376 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1379 r = new(char, strlen(s) * 4 + 1);
1383 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1385 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1386 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1389 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1390 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1400 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
1405 for (p = t; *p; p++)
1406 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1407 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1412 _pure_ static bool ignore_file_allow_backup(const char *filename) {
1416 filename[0] == '.' ||
1417 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
1418 streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
1419 streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
1420 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1421 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1422 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1423 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1424 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1425 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-tmp") ||
1426 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1429 bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
1432 if (endswith(filename, "~"))
1435 return ignore_file_allow_backup(filename);
1438 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1443 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
1448 nflags = flags | O_NONBLOCK;
1450 nflags = flags & ~O_NONBLOCK;
1452 if (nflags == flags)
1455 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, nflags) < 0)
1461 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1466 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0);
1471 nflags = flags | FD_CLOEXEC;
1473 nflags = flags & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1475 if (nflags == flags)
1478 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, nflags) < 0)
1484 _pure_ static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) {
1487 assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset);
1489 for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++)
1496 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1497 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
1501 assert(n_except == 0 || except);
1503 d = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1508 /* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots)
1509 * the fallback is brute forcing through the fd
1512 assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0);
1513 for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) {
1515 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1518 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0)
1519 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1526 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
1529 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
1532 if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
1533 /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
1542 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1545 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
1546 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1547 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1555 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1558 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1559 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1566 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1567 static const char table[] =
1581 x = startswith(fstype, "fuse.");
1585 return nulstr_contains(table, fstype);
1589 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
1591 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1597 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1601 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1604 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1607 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1613 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) {
1614 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1615 char c, line[LINE_MAX];
1620 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1621 new_termios = old_termios;
1623 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1624 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1625 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1627 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1630 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1631 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) {
1632 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1637 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1639 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1645 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1652 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1653 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0)
1658 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
1659 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
1663 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1673 int ask_char(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1683 bool need_nl = true;
1686 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1693 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1697 r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, USEC_INFINITY, &need_nl);
1700 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1701 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1712 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
1717 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
1721 int ask_string(char **ret, const char *text, ...) {
1726 char line[LINE_MAX];
1730 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1737 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1742 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin))
1743 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
1745 if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
1764 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) {
1765 struct termios termios;
1768 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
1772 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
1773 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
1774 * interfere with that. */
1776 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
1777 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
1779 /* Switch to text mode */
1781 ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT);
1783 /* Enable console unicode mode */
1784 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE);
1786 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
1791 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
1792 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
1793 * else will do that for us */
1795 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
1796 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
1797 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
1798 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
1799 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
1801 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
1802 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
1803 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
1804 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
1805 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
1806 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
1807 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
1808 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
1809 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
1810 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
1811 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
1812 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
1813 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
1815 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1816 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1818 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
1822 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
1823 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
1828 int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
1829 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
1831 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1835 return reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
1838 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
1843 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
1844 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
1845 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
1846 * retrying a couple of times.
1848 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
1851 assert(!(mode & O_CREAT));
1854 fd = open(name, mode, 0);
1861 /* Max 1s in total */
1865 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
1886 int flush_fd(int fd) {
1887 struct pollfd pollfd = {
1897 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
1907 l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
1913 if (errno == EAGAIN)
1922 int acquire_terminal(
1926 bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm,
1929 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1;
1934 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
1935 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
1936 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
1938 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
1939 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
1940 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
1941 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
1942 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
1943 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
1944 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
1945 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
1947 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY)
1948 ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1950 if (!fail && !force) {
1951 notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != USEC_INFINITY ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0));
1957 wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE);
1965 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new = {
1966 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
1967 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
1971 r = flush_fd(notify);
1976 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
1977 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
1978 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
1979 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1983 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
1984 * if we already own the tty. */
1985 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
1987 /* First, try to get the tty */
1988 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0)
1991 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
1993 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
1994 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
1995 * are have this controlling terminal. */
1996 if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
1999 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) {
2008 assert(notify >= 0);
2011 uint8_t inotify_buffer[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + FILENAME_MAX];
2013 struct inotify_event *e;
2015 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY) {
2018 n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2019 if (ts + timeout < n) {
2024 r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n);
2034 l = read(notify, inotify_buffer, sizeof(inotify_buffer));
2037 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2044 e = (struct inotify_event*) inotify_buffer;
2049 if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
2054 step = sizeof(struct inotify_event) + e->len;
2055 assert(step <= (size_t) l);
2057 e = (struct inotify_event*) ((uint8_t*) e + step);
2064 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
2065 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
2066 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
2067 * an endless loop. */
2073 r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
2075 log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
2086 int release_terminal(void) {
2087 static const struct sigaction sa_new = {
2088 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2089 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2092 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2093 struct sigaction sa_old;
2096 fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC);
2100 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2101 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2102 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2104 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2107 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2112 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2117 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2118 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2125 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2126 struct sigaction sa = {
2127 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2128 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2133 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2137 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2138 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2145 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2146 struct sigaction sa = {
2147 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
2148 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2153 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2157 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2158 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2165 void safe_close_pair(int p[]) {
2169 /* Special case pairs which use the same fd in both
2171 p[0] = p[1] = safe_close(p[0]);
2175 p[0] = safe_close(p[0]);
2176 p[1] = safe_close(p[1]);
2179 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2186 while (nbytes > 0) {
2189 k = read(fd, p, nbytes);
2190 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2193 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2195 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2196 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2199 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);
2204 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2214 ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2215 const uint8_t *p = buf;
2221 while (nbytes > 0) {
2224 k = write(fd, p, nbytes);
2225 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2228 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2230 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2231 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2234 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLOUT, USEC_INFINITY);
2239 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2249 int parse_size(const char *t, off_t base, off_t *size) {
2251 /* Soo, sometimes we want to parse IEC binary suffxies, and
2252 * sometimes SI decimal suffixes. This function can parse
2253 * both. Which one is the right way depends on the
2254 * context. Wikipedia suggests that SI is customary for
2255 * hardrware metrics and network speeds, while IEC is
2256 * customary for most data sizes used by software and volatile
2257 * (RAM) memory. Hence be careful which one you pick!
2259 * In either case we use just K, M, G as suffix, and not Ki,
2260 * Mi, Gi or so (as IEC would suggest). That's because that's
2261 * frickin' ugly. But this means you really need to make sure
2262 * to document which base you are parsing when you use this
2267 unsigned long long factor;
2270 static const struct table iec[] = {
2271 { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2272 { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2273 { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2274 { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2275 { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
2281 static const struct table si[] = {
2282 { "E", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2283 { "P", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2284 { "T", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2285 { "G", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2286 { "M", 1000ULL*1000ULL },
2292 const struct table *table;
2294 unsigned long long r = 0;
2295 unsigned n_entries, start_pos = 0;
2298 assert(base == 1000 || base == 1024);
2303 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(si);
2306 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(iec);
2312 unsigned long long l2;
2318 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2331 if (*e >= '0' && *e <= '9') {
2334 /* strotoull itself would accept space/+/- */
2335 l2 = strtoull(e, &e2, 10);
2337 if (errno == ERANGE)
2340 /* Ignore failure. E.g. 10.M is valid */
2347 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2349 for (i = start_pos; i < n_entries; i++)
2350 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2351 unsigned long long tmp;
2352 if ((unsigned long long) l + (frac > 0) > ULLONG_MAX / table[i].factor)
2354 tmp = l * table[i].factor + (unsigned long long) (frac * table[i].factor);
2355 if (tmp > ULLONG_MAX - r)
2359 if ((unsigned long long) (off_t) r != r)
2362 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2378 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2383 r = dup3(fd, STDIN_FILENO, 0);
2384 s = dup3(fd, STDOUT_FILENO, 0);
2385 t = dup3(fd, STDERR_FILENO, 0);
2390 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2393 /* We rely here that the new fd has O_CLOEXEC not set */
2398 int make_null_stdio(void) {
2401 null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2405 return make_stdio(null_fd);
2408 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
2410 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
2411 * sysfs or in /dev */
2414 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
2415 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
2418 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
2419 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;
2430 if (!de && errno != 0)
2436 if (!ignore_file(de->d_name))
2441 char* dirname_malloc(const char *path) {
2442 char *d, *dir, *dir2;
2459 int dev_urandom(void *p, size_t n) {
2460 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
2463 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
2465 return errno == ENOENT ? -ENOSYS : -errno;
2467 k = loop_read(fd, p, n, true);
2470 if ((size_t) k != n)
2476 void random_bytes(void *p, size_t n) {
2477 static bool srand_called = false;
2481 r = dev_urandom(p, n);
2485 /* If some idiot made /dev/urandom unavailable to us, he'll
2486 * get a PRNG instead. */
2488 if (!srand_called) {
2491 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2492 /* The kernel provides us with a bit of entropy in
2493 * auxv, so let's try to make use of that to seed the
2494 * pseudo-random generator. It's better than
2499 auxv = (void*) getauxval(AT_RANDOM);
2501 x ^= *(unsigned*) auxv;
2504 x ^= (unsigned) now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
2505 x ^= (unsigned) gettid();
2508 srand_called = true;
2511 for (q = p; q < (uint8_t*) p + n; q ++)
2515 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
2518 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the
2519 * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used
2520 * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars
2521 * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length
2522 * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of
2523 * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be
2526 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
2528 if (program_invocation_name)
2529 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
2531 if (saved_argc > 0) {
2535 strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
2537 for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
2541 memzero(saved_argv[i], strlen(saved_argv[i]));
2546 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
2553 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2554 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
2558 int sigprocmask_many(int how, ...) {
2563 assert_se(sigemptyset(&ss) == 0);
2566 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2567 assert_se(sigaddset(&ss, sig) == 0);
2570 if (sigprocmask(how, &ss, NULL) < 0)
2576 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
2579 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2581 if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"))
2582 return strdup(u.nodename);
2584 return strdup(u.sysname);
2587 bool hostname_is_set(void) {
2590 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2592 return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)");
2595 static char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) {
2598 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
2599 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
2601 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
2603 return strdup("root");
2605 bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
2609 buf = malloc(bufsize);
2613 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw)
2614 return strdup(pw->pw_name);
2616 if (asprintf(&name, UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
2622 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
2626 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
2631 return lookup_uid(uid);
2634 char *getusername_malloc(void) {
2641 return lookup_uid(getuid());
2644 int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **r) {
2645 char path[PATH_MAX], *c;
2650 k = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path));
2656 c = strdup(startswith(path, "/dev/") ? path + 5 : path);
2664 int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
2668 k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s);
2672 if (streq(s, "tty")) {
2674 return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
2681 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
2683 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
2685 unsigned long ttynr;
2689 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
2690 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
2694 p = strrchr(line, ')');
2704 "%*d " /* session */
2709 if (major(ttynr) == 0 && minor(ttynr) == 0)
2718 int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
2719 char fn[sizeof("/dev/char/")-1 + 2*DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned) + 1 + 1], *b = NULL;
2720 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
2727 k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
2731 snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
2733 k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s);
2739 /* This is an ugly hack */
2740 if (major(devnr) == 136) {
2741 asprintf(&b, "pts/%u", minor(devnr));
2745 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
2746 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
2747 * vaguely useful. */
2753 if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
2755 else if (startswith(s, "../"))
2773 int rm_rf_children_dangerous(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
2774 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
2779 /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
2780 * tries to go on. This closes the passed fd. */
2786 return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
2791 bool is_dir, keep_around;
2798 if (errno != 0 && ret == 0)
2803 if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
2806 if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN ||
2808 (de->d_type == DT_DIR && root_dev)) {
2809 if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
2810 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2815 is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
2818 (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
2819 (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
2821 is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
2822 keep_around = false;
2828 /* if root_dev is set, remove subdirectories only, if device is same as dir */
2829 if (root_dev && st.st_dev != root_dev->st_dev)
2832 subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name,
2833 O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
2834 if (subdir_fd < 0) {
2835 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2840 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(subdir_fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
2841 if (r < 0 && ret == 0)
2845 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
2846 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2850 } else if (!only_dirs && !keep_around) {
2852 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
2853 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2860 _pure_ static int is_temporary_fs(struct statfs *s) {
2863 return F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, TMPFS_MAGIC) ||
2864 F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, RAMFS_MAGIC);
2867 int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
2872 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
2877 /* We refuse to clean disk file systems with this call. This
2878 * is extra paranoia just to be sure we never ever remove
2880 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2881 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2886 return rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
2889 static int rm_rf_internal(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky, bool dangerous) {
2895 /* We refuse to clean the root file system with this
2896 * call. This is extra paranoia to never cause a really
2897 * seriously broken system. */
2898 if (path_equal(path, "/")) {
2899 log_error("Attempted to remove entire root file system, and we can't allow that.");
2903 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
2906 if (errno != ENOTDIR)
2910 if (statfs(path, &s) < 0)
2913 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2914 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2919 if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
2920 if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2927 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
2932 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2933 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2939 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, NULL);
2942 if (honour_sticky && file_is_priv_sticky(path) > 0)
2945 if (rmdir(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
2954 int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
2955 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, false);
2958 int rm_rf_dangerous(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
2959 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, true);
2962 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
2965 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
2966 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
2967 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
2969 if (mode != (mode_t) -1)
2970 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
2973 if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1)
2974 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
2980 int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
2983 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
2984 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
2985 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
2987 if (mode != (mode_t) -1)
2988 if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0)
2991 if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1)
2992 if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0)
2998 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
3002 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
3005 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
3008 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
3009 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
3019 if (errno != EINVAL)
3026 int status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, va_list ap) {
3027 static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */
3028 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
3029 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3030 struct iovec iovec[6] = {};
3032 static bool prev_ephemeral;
3036 /* This is independent of logging, as status messages are
3037 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
3039 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
3042 fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
3055 sl = status ? sizeof(status_indent)-1 : 0;
3061 e = ellipsize(s, emax, 50);
3069 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\r" ANSI_ERASE_TO_END_OF_LINE);
3070 prev_ephemeral = ephemeral;
3073 if (!isempty(status)) {
3074 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "[");
3075 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status);
3076 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] ");
3078 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent);
3081 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s);
3083 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n");
3085 if (writev(fd, iovec, n) < 0)
3091 int status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, ...) {
3097 va_start(ap, format);
3098 r = status_vprintf(status, ellipse, ephemeral, format, ap);
3104 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
3111 const char *e, *word = format;
3116 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
3127 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1)))
3136 } else if (*e == '$') {
3137 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3153 t = strempty(strv_env_get_n(env, word+2, e-word-2));
3155 k = strappend(r, t);
3169 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3180 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
3182 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
3184 l = strv_length(argv);
3186 ret = new(char*, l+1);
3190 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
3192 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
3193 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
3198 e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1);
3202 r = strv_split_quoted(&m, e);
3214 w = realloc(ret, sizeof(char*) * (l+1));
3224 memcpy(ret + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
3232 /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
3233 ret[k] = replace_env(*i, env);
3245 int fd_columns(int fd) {
3246 struct winsize ws = {};
3248 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3257 unsigned columns(void) {
3261 if (_likely_(cached_columns > 0))
3262 return cached_columns;
3265 e = getenv("COLUMNS");
3270 c = fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO);
3279 int fd_lines(int fd) {
3280 struct winsize ws = {};
3282 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3291 unsigned lines(void) {
3295 if (_likely_(cached_lines > 0))
3296 return cached_lines;
3299 e = getenv("LINES");
3304 l = fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO);
3310 return cached_lines;
3313 /* intended to be used as a SIGWINCH sighandler */
3314 void columns_lines_cache_reset(int signum) {
3320 static int cached_on_tty = -1;
3322 if (_unlikely_(cached_on_tty < 0))
3323 cached_on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
3325 return cached_on_tty;
3328 int files_same(const char *filea, const char *fileb) {
3331 if (stat(filea, &a) < 0)
3334 if (stat(fileb, &b) < 0)
3337 return a.st_dev == b.st_dev &&
3338 a.st_ino == b.st_ino;
3341 int running_in_chroot(void) {
3344 ret = files_same("/proc/1/root", "/");
3351 static char *ascii_ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3356 assert(percent <= 100);
3357 assert(new_length >= 3);
3359 if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
3360 return strndup(s, old_length);
3362 r = new0(char, new_length+1);
3366 x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
3368 if (x > new_length - 3)
3376 s + old_length - (new_length - x - 3),
3377 new_length - x - 3);
3382 char *ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3386 unsigned k, len, len2;
3389 assert(percent <= 100);
3390 assert(new_length >= 3);
3392 /* if no multibyte characters use ascii_ellipsize_mem for speed */
3393 if (ascii_is_valid(s))
3394 return ascii_ellipsize_mem(s, old_length, new_length, percent);