1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
50 #include "ratelimit.h"
52 #include "mount-setup.h"
53 #include "unit-name.h"
54 #include "dbus-unit.h"
57 #include "path-lookup.h"
59 #include "bus-errors.h"
60 #include "exit-status.h"
62 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
63 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
65 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
66 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
68 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
69 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/dev/.run/systemd/notify"
70 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
72 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
75 struct sockaddr_un un;
77 struct epoll_event ev;
82 m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
83 if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
84 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
89 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
92 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
94 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
96 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
97 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
99 if (bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
100 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
104 if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
105 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
111 ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
113 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
116 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
117 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
119 if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
122 log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
127 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
132 /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
133 if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
134 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
136 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
137 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
139 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
140 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
141 log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
143 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
149 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
151 struct epoll_event ev;
156 /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
158 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
159 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
160 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
162 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
164 sigset_add_many(&mask,
165 SIGCHLD, /* Child died */
166 SIGTERM, /* Reexecute daemon */
167 SIGHUP, /* Reload configuration */
168 SIGUSR1, /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
169 SIGUSR2, /* systemd: dump status */
170 SIGINT, /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
171 SIGWINCH, /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
172 SIGPWR, /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
173 SIGRTMIN+0, /* systemd: start default.target */
174 SIGRTMIN+1, /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
175 SIGRTMIN+2, /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
176 SIGRTMIN+3, /* systemd: start halt.target */
177 SIGRTMIN+4, /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
178 SIGRTMIN+5, /* systemd: start reboot.target */
179 SIGRTMIN+6, /* systemd: start kexec.target */
180 SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
181 SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
182 SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
183 SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
184 SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
185 SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
187 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
189 m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
190 if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
195 ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
197 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
200 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
201 return enable_special_signals(m);
206 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
211 assert(running_as >= 0);
212 assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
214 if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
217 dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
219 m->running_as = running_as;
220 m->name_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
221 m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
222 m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
228 m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
229 m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
231 if (!(m->environment = strv_copy(environ)))
234 if (!(m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL)))
237 if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
240 if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
243 if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
246 if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
249 if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
252 if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
255 if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
258 if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
261 if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
264 if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
267 if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
270 /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
271 if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
275 if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0)
276 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
287 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
293 while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
294 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
296 unit_free((Unit*) meta);
304 GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH, /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
305 GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, /* No clue */
306 GC_OFFSET_GOOD, /* We still need this unit */
307 GC_OFFSET_BAD, /* We don't need this unit anymore */
311 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
318 if (u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
319 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
320 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
323 if (u->meta.in_cleanup_queue)
326 if (unit_check_gc(u))
329 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
333 SET_FOREACH(other, u->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
334 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
336 if (other->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
339 if (other->meta.gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
346 /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
347 * let's investigate it later */
348 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
349 unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
353 /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
354 * let's mark it for deletion */
355 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
356 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
360 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
363 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
370 if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
371 (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
372 (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
375 log_debug("Running GC...");
377 m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
378 if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
381 gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
383 while ((meta = m->gc_queue)) {
384 assert(meta->in_gc_queue);
386 unit_gc_sweep((Unit*) meta, gc_marker);
388 LIST_REMOVE(Meta, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, meta);
389 meta->in_gc_queue = false;
393 if (meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
394 meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
395 log_debug("Collecting %s", meta->id);
396 meta->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
397 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue((Unit*) meta);
401 m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
402 m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
407 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
413 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
416 while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
419 manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
421 assert(!m->load_queue);
422 assert(!m->run_queue);
423 assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
424 assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
425 assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
426 assert(!m->gc_queue);
428 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
429 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
430 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
433 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
438 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
440 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
441 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
442 unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
444 /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
446 manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
448 manager_undo_generators(m);
452 hashmap_free(m->units);
453 hashmap_free(m->jobs);
454 hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
455 hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
456 hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
458 if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
459 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
460 if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
461 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
462 if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
463 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
466 if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
467 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
470 free(m->notify_socket);
472 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
473 strv_free(m->environment);
475 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
477 hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
478 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
483 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
489 /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
490 * that it might know */
491 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
492 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
493 if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
496 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
500 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
508 /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
509 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
515 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
522 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
529 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
531 if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
532 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
536 /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
537 * we don't always have to go to disk */
539 STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
542 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
543 log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
547 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
550 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
553 if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, de->d_name) < 0) {
558 if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
571 log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
573 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
574 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
580 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
585 manager_run_generators(m);
587 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
589 /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
590 * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
593 m->n_deserializing ++;
595 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
596 r = manager_enumerate(m);
598 /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
600 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
603 /* Third, fire things up! */
604 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
608 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
609 m->n_deserializing --;
615 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
619 /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
621 manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
627 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
630 /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
633 while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
634 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
637 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
643 /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
645 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
646 while (j->subject_list)
647 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
648 while (j->object_list)
649 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
652 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
655 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
660 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
662 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
666 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
668 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
671 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
676 /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
677 * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
678 * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
679 * are fully marked as mattering. */
684 l = m->transaction_anchor;
686 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
688 /* This link does not matter */
692 /* This unit has already been marked */
693 if (l->object->generation == generation)
696 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
697 l->object->generation = generation;
699 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
703 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
704 JobDependency *l, *last;
708 assert(j->unit == other->unit);
709 assert(!j->installed);
711 /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
714 j->state = JOB_WAITING;
715 j->override = j->override || other->override;
717 j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
719 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
721 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
722 assert(l->subject == other);
727 /* Merge both lists */
729 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
731 j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
732 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
735 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
737 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
738 assert(l->object == other);
743 /* Merge both lists */
745 last->object_next = j->object_list;
747 j->object_list->object_prev = last;
748 j->object_list = other->object_list;
751 /* Kill the other job */
752 other->subject_list = NULL;
753 other->object_list = NULL;
754 transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
756 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
761 /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
762 * ConflictedBy dependency. */
764 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
771 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
776 /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
777 * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
778 * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
779 * transaction work. */
781 /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
782 * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
783 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
784 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
787 /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
788 if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
791 /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
792 * drop one of them */
793 if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
795 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
796 * find the one that is smarter to
797 * remove. Let's think positive and
798 * rather remove stops then starts --
799 * except if something is being
800 * stopped because it is conflicted by
801 * another unit in which case we
802 * rather remove the start. */
804 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
805 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
807 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
809 if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
814 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
816 if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
823 } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
825 else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
830 /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
831 log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
832 transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
839 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
846 /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
847 * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
848 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
853 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
854 if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
857 /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
858 * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
861 if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
862 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
863 * let's ask our callers to call us
864 * again after garbage collecting */
867 /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
868 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
869 job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->meta.id);
874 /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
875 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
879 /* Merge all transactions */
880 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
881 assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
883 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
884 if (j->unit->meta.job)
885 job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
887 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
889 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
892 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
895 assert(!j->transaction_next);
896 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
902 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
907 /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
916 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
917 bool changes_something = false;
920 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
922 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
923 (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
924 (!k->unit->meta.job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->meta.job->type)))
927 changes_something = true;
931 if (changes_something)
934 /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
935 transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
943 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
945 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
947 /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
948 * matters to the anchor. */
950 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
951 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
957 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
964 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
966 /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
967 * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
969 /* Have we seen this before? */
970 if (j->generation == generation) {
973 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
974 * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
975 * shortcut things and return right-away. */
979 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
980 * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
981 * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
982 * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
983 * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
985 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
988 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
990 log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
994 !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
995 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
1000 /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1008 log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1009 transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1013 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1015 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1019 /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1020 * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1021 * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1023 j->marker = from ? from : j;
1024 j->generation = generation;
1026 /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1027 * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1028 SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1031 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1032 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1034 /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1035 * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1037 if (!(o = u->meta.job))
1040 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1044 /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1045 * our path anymore. */
1051 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1060 /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1061 * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1063 g = (*generation)++;
1065 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1066 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1072 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1077 /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1085 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1086 if (j->object_list) {
1087 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1088 /* j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1089 /* j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->meta.id : "root", */
1090 /* j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1094 /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1095 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1103 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1109 /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1110 * existing jobs would be replaced */
1112 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1115 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1116 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1118 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
1119 j->unit->meta.job != j &&
1120 !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type)) {
1122 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1130 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1134 /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1135 * or that stop a running service. */
1143 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1144 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1145 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1147 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1148 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1151 /* Would this stop a running service?
1152 * Would this change an existing job?
1153 * If so, let's drop this entry */
1155 stops_running_service =
1156 j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1158 changes_existing_job =
1159 j->unit->meta.job &&
1160 job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type);
1162 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1165 if (stops_running_service)
1166 log_info("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1168 if (changes_existing_job)
1169 log_info("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1171 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1172 log_info("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1174 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1186 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m) {
1191 /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1193 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1195 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1196 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1201 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1205 while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1207 /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1211 if (j->unit->meta.job)
1212 job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
1214 j->unit->meta.job = j;
1215 j->installed = true;
1216 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1218 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1221 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1222 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1224 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1225 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1228 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1231 /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1232 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1238 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1242 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1248 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1250 unsigned generation = 1;
1254 /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1255 * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1257 /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1258 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1260 /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1261 * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1262 * jobs if we don't have to. */
1263 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1264 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1266 /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1267 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1270 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1272 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1274 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1275 * cycles if necessary and possible */
1276 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1280 log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1284 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1285 * graph is still cyclic... */
1289 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1290 * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1292 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1296 log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1300 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1301 * collect its dependencies. */
1302 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1304 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1305 * unmergeable entries ... */
1308 /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1309 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1311 /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1312 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1313 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1314 log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1318 /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1319 if ((r = transaction_apply(m)) < 0) {
1320 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1324 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1325 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1330 transaction_abort(m);
1334 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1340 /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1341 * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1344 f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1346 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1347 assert(j->unit == unit);
1349 if (j->type == type) {
1356 if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1358 else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1363 j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1364 j->override = override;
1366 LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1368 if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1376 /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1381 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1385 if (j->transaction_prev)
1386 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1387 else if (j->transaction_next)
1388 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1390 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1392 if (j->transaction_next)
1393 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1395 j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1397 while (j->subject_list)
1398 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1400 while (j->object_list) {
1401 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1403 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1405 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1406 log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1407 other->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1408 j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1409 transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1414 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1432 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1435 /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1436 /* unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1437 /* by ? by->unit->meta.id : "NA", */
1438 /* by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1440 if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1441 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1442 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1443 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->meta.id);
1447 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1448 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1449 "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1450 "See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.",
1452 strerror(-unit->meta.load_error));
1456 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1457 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->meta.id);
1461 if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1462 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->meta.id);
1466 /* First add the job. */
1467 if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1470 ret->ignore_deps = ret->ignore_deps || ignore_deps;
1472 /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1473 if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1476 if (is_new && !ignore_deps) {
1479 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1480 * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1481 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1482 SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1483 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1484 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1490 set_free(following);
1493 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1494 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1495 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1496 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1504 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1505 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1514 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1515 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1516 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1522 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1523 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1524 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1530 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1531 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1540 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1541 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1542 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1548 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1549 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1558 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1559 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1560 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1566 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1568 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1569 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1578 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1579 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1589 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1601 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1609 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1611 /* ignore aliases */
1612 if (u->meta.id != k)
1615 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->no_isolate)
1618 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1619 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->meta.job)
1622 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1623 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1626 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1627 log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->meta.id, strerror(-r));
1633 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1638 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1640 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1642 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1643 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1647 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->meta.allow_isolate) {
1648 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1652 log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1654 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false, mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1655 transaction_abort(m);
1659 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1660 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1661 transaction_abort(m);
1665 if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1668 log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1676 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1681 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1683 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1685 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1688 return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1691 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1694 return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1697 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1701 return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1704 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1710 /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1711 if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1714 m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1716 /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1717 * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1719 while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1720 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1722 unit_load((Unit*) meta);
1726 m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1730 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1735 assert(name || path);
1737 /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1738 * load anything from disk. */
1740 if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1741 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1746 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1748 if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, false)) {
1749 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1753 if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1758 if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1762 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1767 if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1772 unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1773 unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1774 unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1782 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1787 /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1788 * start any services or anything. */
1790 if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1793 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1796 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1801 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1808 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1809 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1812 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1820 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1821 if (u->meta.id == t)
1822 unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1825 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1830 transaction_abort(m);
1832 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1833 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1836 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1840 if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1843 m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1845 while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1846 assert(j->installed);
1847 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1849 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1853 m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1857 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1864 if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1867 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1869 while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1870 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1872 bus_unit_send_change_signal((Unit*) meta);
1876 while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1877 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1879 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1883 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1887 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1894 struct msghdr msghdr;
1896 struct ucred *ucred;
1898 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1899 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1905 iovec.iov_base = buf;
1906 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
1910 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
1911 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1912 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
1913 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
1915 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
1919 if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
1925 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
1926 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
1927 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
1928 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1929 log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
1933 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
1935 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
1936 if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
1937 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
1941 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
1943 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
1946 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->meta.id);
1948 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1949 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
1957 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1967 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1968 * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1969 * it while it is a zombie. */
1970 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1972 if (errno == ECHILD)
1984 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
1987 get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
1988 log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
1992 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
1993 * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
1994 * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
1995 * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
1996 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
1999 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2000 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2001 u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2003 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2004 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2011 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2014 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2015 (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2016 sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2018 strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2019 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2020 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2025 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->meta.id);
2027 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2028 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2034 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2038 dbus_error_init(&error);
2040 log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2042 if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2043 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2045 dbus_error_free(&error);
2050 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2052 struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2053 bool sigchld = false;
2058 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2063 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2069 log_debug("Received SIG%s", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2071 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2078 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2079 /* This is for compatibility with the
2080 * original sysvinit */
2081 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2088 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2089 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2093 /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2094 if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2095 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2102 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2103 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2105 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2109 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2110 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2112 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2118 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2120 if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2121 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2125 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2126 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2127 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2138 if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2139 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2143 manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2144 manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2149 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2154 log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2161 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2165 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2166 static const char * const target_table[] = {
2167 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2168 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2169 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2170 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2171 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2172 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2173 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2176 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2177 static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2179 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2180 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2184 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2185 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2186 manager_start_target(m, target_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN],
2187 (sfsi.ssi_signo == 1 || sfsi.ssi_signo == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2191 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2192 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2193 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2197 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2200 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2201 m->show_status = true;
2205 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2206 m->show_status = false;
2210 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2217 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2222 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2229 assert(w = ev->data.ptr);
2231 if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2238 /* An incoming signal? */
2239 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2242 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2249 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2250 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2253 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2260 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2261 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2264 case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2265 case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2269 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2270 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2272 if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2275 return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2278 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2279 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2281 job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2286 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2287 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2291 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2292 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2296 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2297 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2300 case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2301 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2304 case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2305 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2309 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2310 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2316 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2319 RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 1000);
2322 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2324 /* Release the path cache */
2325 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2326 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2328 manager_check_finished(m);
2330 /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2331 * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2332 if ((r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m)) < 0)
2335 while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2336 struct epoll_event event;
2339 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2340 /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2341 log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2345 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2348 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2351 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2354 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2357 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2360 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2363 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2366 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
2376 if ((r = process_event(m, &event)) < 0)
2380 return m->exit_code;
2383 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2391 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2394 if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2397 u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2408 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2417 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2420 if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2423 if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2431 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2436 if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2439 /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2440 * started and we're just deserializing */
2441 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2444 if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->meta.id))) {
2445 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2449 if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0)
2450 log_error("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2457 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2459 union sockaddr_union sa;
2461 char *message = NULL;
2463 /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2464 * started and we're just deserializing */
2465 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2468 if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2471 if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2472 u->meta.type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2473 u->meta.type != UNIT_SWAP)
2476 /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2477 * message then wait for plymouth */
2478 if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2479 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2484 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2485 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2486 if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2488 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2491 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2492 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2493 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2494 log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2499 if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->meta.id) + 1), u->meta.id, &n) < 0) {
2500 log_error("Out of memory");
2505 if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2507 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2510 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2511 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2512 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2513 log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2520 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2525 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2528 const char* old_owner,
2529 const char *new_owner) {
2536 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2539 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2542 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2553 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2556 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2559 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2567 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2568 asprintf(&path, "/dev/.run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2570 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2575 saved_umask = umask(0077);
2576 fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2586 log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2589 if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")) < 0)
2597 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2607 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2608 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2609 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2613 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2614 if (u->meta.id != t)
2617 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2621 fputs(u->meta.id, f);
2624 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2634 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2640 log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2642 m->n_deserializing ++;
2645 char line[1024], *l;
2647 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2662 if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2663 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2664 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2665 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2666 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2667 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2669 log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2674 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2677 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2688 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2691 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2701 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2702 m->n_deserializing --;
2707 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2714 if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2717 if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2722 if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2725 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2730 /* From here on there is no way back. */
2731 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2732 manager_undo_generators(m);
2734 /* Find new unit paths */
2735 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2736 if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
2739 manager_run_generators(m);
2741 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2743 m->n_deserializing ++;
2745 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2746 if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2749 /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2750 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2756 /* Third, fire things up! */
2757 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2760 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2761 m->n_deserializing ++;
2773 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2778 /* Is the initial job still around? */
2779 if (manager_get_job(m, 1))
2782 /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2783 if (((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))))
2784 return !!u->meta.job;
2789 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2795 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2796 unit_reset_failed(u);
2799 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2805 /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2806 if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
2809 return unit_pending_inactive(u);
2812 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2813 char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2817 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
2820 if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
2823 dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
2825 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2826 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2827 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2828 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2829 m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2830 format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd),
2831 m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2832 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2833 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2834 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2835 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2837 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2838 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2839 m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2840 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2841 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2842 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2843 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2845 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
2846 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2847 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic));
2851 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
2853 const char *generator_path;
2854 const char *argv[3];
2858 generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
2859 if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
2861 if (errno == ENOENT)
2864 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
2868 if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
2870 char system_path[] = "/dev/.run/systemd/generator-XXXXXX",
2871 user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
2873 if (!(p = mkdtemp(m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? system_path : user_path))) {
2874 log_error("Failed to generate generator directory: %m");
2878 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
2879 log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
2884 argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
2885 argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
2888 execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
2890 if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
2891 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
2892 * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
2895 free(m->generator_unit_path);
2896 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2900 if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
2903 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
2904 log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
2908 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
2909 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
2911 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
2919 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
2922 if (!m->generator_unit_path)
2925 strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
2926 rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true);
2928 free(m->generator_unit_path);
2929 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2932 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
2937 if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
2940 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
2941 m->default_controllers = l;
2946 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
2947 [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
2948 [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
2951 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);