src/core/manager.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <string.h>
  25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
  28 #include <sys/wait.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <sys/poll.h>
  31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  33 #include <linux/kd.h>
  34 #include <termios.h>
  35 #include <fcntl.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/stat.h>
  38 #include <dirent.h>
  39
  40 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
  41 #include <libaudit.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #include <systemd/sd-daemon.h>
  45
  46 #include "manager.h"
  47 #include "hashmap.h"
  48 #include "macro.h"
  49 #include "strv.h"
  50 #include "log.h"
  51 #include "util.h"
  52 #include "mkdir.h"
  53 #include "ratelimit.h"
  54 #include "cgroup.h"
  55 #include "mount-setup.h"
  56 #include "unit-name.h"
  57 #include "dbus-unit.h"
  58 #include "dbus-job.h"
  59 #include "missing.h"
  60 #include "path-lookup.h"
  61 #include "special.h"
  62 #include "bus-errors.h"
  63 #include "exit-status.h"
  64 #include "virt.h"
  65 #include "watchdog.h"
  66
  67 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  68 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
  69
  70 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  71 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
  72
  73 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
  74 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/run/systemd/notify"
  75 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
  76
  77 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
  78         union {
  79                 struct sockaddr sa;
  80                 struct sockaddr_un un;
  81         } sa;
  82         struct epoll_event ev;
  83         int one = 1, r;
  84         mode_t u;
  85
  86         assert(m);
  87
  88         m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
  89         if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
  90                 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
  91                 return -errno;
  92         }
  93
  94         zero(sa);
  95         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
  96
  97         if (getpid() != 1)
  98                 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
  99         else {
 100                 unlink(NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM);
 101                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
 102         }
 103
 104         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
 105                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
 106
 107         u = umask(0111);
 108         r = bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1));
 109         umask(u);
 110
 111         if (r < 0) {
 112                 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
 113                 return -errno;
 114         }
 115
 116         if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
 117                 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
 118                 return -errno;
 119         }
 120
 121         zero(ev);
 122         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 123         ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
 124
 125         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 126                 return -errno;
 127
 128         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
 129                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
 130
 131         if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
 132                 return -ENOMEM;
 133
 134         log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
 135
 136         return 0;
 137 }
 138
 139 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
 140         int fd;
 141
 142         assert(m);
 143
 144         /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
 145         if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
 146                 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
 147
 148         if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 149                 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
 150         else {
 151                 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
 152                 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
 153                         log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
 154
 155                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 156         }
 157
 158         return 0;
 159 }
 160
 161 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
 162         sigset_t mask;
 163         struct epoll_event ev;
 164         struct sigaction sa;
 165
 166         assert(m);
 167
 168         /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
 169         zero(sa);
 170         sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 171         sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
 172         assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 173
 174         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
 175
 176         sigset_add_many(&mask,
 177                         SIGCHLD,     /* Child died */
 178                         SIGTERM,     /* Reexecute daemon */
 179                         SIGHUP,      /* Reload configuration */
 180                         SIGUSR1,     /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
 181                         SIGUSR2,     /* systemd: dump status */
 182                         SIGINT,      /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
 183                         SIGWINCH,    /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
 184                         SIGPWR,      /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
 185                         SIGRTMIN+0,  /* systemd: start default.target */
 186                         SIGRTMIN+1,  /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
 187                         SIGRTMIN+2,  /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
 188                         SIGRTMIN+3,  /* systemd: start halt.target */
 189                         SIGRTMIN+4,  /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
 190                         SIGRTMIN+5,  /* systemd: start reboot.target */
 191                         SIGRTMIN+6,  /* systemd: start kexec.target */
 192                         SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
 193                         SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
 194                         SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
 195                         SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
 196                         SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
 197                         SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
 198                         SIGRTMIN+22, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_DEBUG */
 199                         SIGRTMIN+23, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_INFO */
 200                         SIGRTMIN+26, /* systemd: set log target to journal-or-kmsg */
 201                         SIGRTMIN+27, /* systemd: set log target to console */
 202                         SIGRTMIN+28, /* systemd: set log target to kmsg */
 203                         SIGRTMIN+29, /* systemd: set log target to syslog-or-kmsg */
 204                         -1);
 205         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
 206
 207         m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
 208         if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 209                 return -errno;
 210
 211         zero(ev);
 212         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 213         ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
 214
 215         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 216                 return -errno;
 217
 218         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
 219                 return enable_special_signals(m);
 220
 221         return 0;
 222 }
 223
 224 static void manager_strip_environment(Manager *m) {
 225         assert(m);
 226
 227         /* Remove variables from the inherited set that are part of
 228          * the container interface:
 229          * http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ContainerInterface */
 230         strv_remove_prefix(m->environment, "container=");
 231         strv_remove_prefix(m->environment, "container_");
 232
 233         /* Remove variables from the inherited set that are part of
 234          * the initrd interface:
 235          * http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/InitrdInterface */
 236         strv_remove_prefix(m->environment, "RD_");
 237 }
 238
 239 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
 240         Manager *m;
 241         int r = -ENOMEM;
 242
 243         assert(_m);
 244         assert(running_as >= 0);
 245         assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
 246
 247         if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
 248                 return -ENOMEM;
 249
 250         dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
 251
 252         m->running_as = running_as;
 253         m->name_data_slot = m->conn_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
 254         m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
 255         m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
 256
 257 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 258         m->audit_fd = -1;
 259 #endif
 260
 261         m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
 262         m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
 263
 264         m->environment = strv_copy(environ);
 265         if (!m->environment)
 266                 goto fail;
 267
 268         manager_strip_environment(m);
 269
 270         if (running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
 271                 m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL);
 272                 if (!m->default_controllers)
 273                         goto fail;
 274         }
 275
 276         if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 277                 goto fail;
 278
 279         if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 280                 goto fail;
 281
 282         if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 283                 goto fail;
 284
 285         if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 286                 goto fail;
 287
 288         if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 289                 goto fail;
 290
 291         if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 292                 goto fail;
 293
 294         if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 295                 goto fail;
 296
 297         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as, true)) < 0)
 298                 goto fail;
 299
 300         if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
 301                 goto fail;
 302
 303         if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
 304                 goto fail;
 305
 306         if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
 307                 goto fail;
 308
 309         /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
 310         if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
 311                 goto fail;
 312
 313 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 314         if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0 &&
 315             /* If the kernel lacks netlink or audit support,
 316              * don't worry about it. */
 317             errno != EAFNOSUPPORT && errno != EPROTONOSUPPORT)
 318                 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
 319 #endif
 320
 321         m->taint_usr = dir_is_empty("/usr") > 0;
 322
 323         *_m = m;
 324         return 0;
 325
 326 fail:
 327         manager_free(m);
 328         return r;
 329 }
 330
 331 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
 332         Unit *u;
 333         unsigned n = 0;
 334
 335         assert(m);
 336
 337         while ((u = m->cleanup_queue)) {
 338                 assert(u->in_cleanup_queue);
 339
 340                 unit_free(u);
 341                 n++;
 342         }
 343
 344         return n;
 345 }
 346
 347 enum {
 348         GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH,  /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
 349         GC_OFFSET_UNSURE,   /* No clue */
 350         GC_OFFSET_GOOD,     /* We still need this unit */
 351         GC_OFFSET_BAD,      /* We don't need this unit anymore */
 352         _GC_OFFSET_MAX
 353 };
 354
 355 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
 356         Iterator i;
 357         Unit *other;
 358         bool is_bad;
 359
 360         assert(u);
 361
 362         if (u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
 363             u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 364             u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
 365                 return;
 366
 367         if (u->in_cleanup_queue)
 368                 goto bad;
 369
 370         if (unit_check_gc(u))
 371                 goto good;
 372
 373         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
 374
 375         is_bad = true;
 376
 377         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
 378                 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
 379
 380                 if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
 381                         goto good;
 382
 383                 if (other->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
 384                         is_bad = false;
 385         }
 386
 387         if (is_bad)
 388                 goto bad;
 389
 390         /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
 391          * let's investigate it later */
 392         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
 393         unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
 394         return;
 395
 396 bad:
 397         /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
 398          * let's mark it for deletion */
 399         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 400         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
 401         return;
 402
 403 good:
 404         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
 405 }
 406
 407 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
 408         Unit *u;
 409         unsigned n = 0;
 410         unsigned gc_marker;
 411
 412         assert(m);
 413
 414         if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
 415             (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
 416              (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
 417                 return 0;
 418
 419         log_debug("Running GC...");
 420
 421         m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
 422         if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
 423                 m->gc_marker = 1;
 424
 425         gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
 426
 427         while ((u = m->gc_queue)) {
 428                 assert(u->in_gc_queue);
 429
 430                 unit_gc_sweep(u, gc_marker);
 431
 432                 LIST_REMOVE(Unit, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, u);
 433                 u->in_gc_queue = false;
 434
 435                 n++;
 436
 437                 if (u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 438                     u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
 439                         log_debug("Collecting %s", u->id);
 440                         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 441                         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
 442                 }
 443         }
 444
 445         m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
 446         m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
 447
 448         return n;
 449 }
 450
 451 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
 452         Job *j;
 453         Unit *u;
 454
 455         assert(m);
 456
 457         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 458                 job_free(j);
 459
 460         while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
 461                 unit_free(u);
 462
 463         manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
 464
 465         assert(!m->load_queue);
 466         assert(!m->run_queue);
 467         assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
 468         assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
 469         assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
 470         assert(!m->gc_queue);
 471
 472         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 473         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
 474         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
 475 }
 476
 477 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
 478         UnitType c;
 479
 480         assert(m);
 481
 482         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
 483
 484         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 485                 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
 486                         unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
 487
 488         /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
 489          * around */
 490         manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
 491
 492         manager_undo_generators(m);
 493
 494         bus_done(m);
 495
 496         hashmap_free(m->units);
 497         hashmap_free(m->jobs);
 498         hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
 499         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
 500         hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
 501
 502         if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
 503                 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
 504         if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
 505                 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
 506         if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
 507                 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
 508
 509 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 510         if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
 511                 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
 512 #endif
 513
 514         free(m->notify_socket);
 515
 516         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
 517         strv_free(m->environment);
 518
 519         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
 520
 521         hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
 522         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 523
 524         free(m);
 525 }
 526
 527 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
 528         int r = 0, q;
 529         UnitType c;
 530
 531         assert(m);
 532
 533         /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
 534          * that it might know */
 535         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 536                 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
 537                         if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
 538                                 r = q;
 539
 540         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
 541         return r;
 542 }
 543
 544 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
 545         int r = 0, q;
 546         Iterator i;
 547         Unit *u;
 548         char *k;
 549
 550         assert(m);
 551
 552         /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
 553         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
 554
 555                 /* ignore aliases */
 556                 if (u->id != k)
 557                         continue;
 558
 559                 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
 560                         r = q;
 561         }
 562
 563         return r;
 564 }
 565
 566 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
 567         char **i;
 568         DIR *d = NULL;
 569         int r;
 570
 571         assert(m);
 572
 573         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 574
 575         if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
 576                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
 577                 return;
 578         }
 579
 580         /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
 581          * we don't always have to go to disk */
 582
 583         STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
 584                 struct dirent *de;
 585
 586                 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
 587                         log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
 588                         continue;
 589                 }
 590
 591                 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
 592                         char *p;
 593
 594                         if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
 595                                 continue;
 596
 597                         p = join(streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, "/", de->d_name, NULL);
 598                         if (!p) {
 599                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 600                                 goto fail;
 601                         }
 602
 603                         if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
 604                                 free(p);
 605                                 goto fail;
 606                         }
 607                 }
 608
 609                 closedir(d);
 610                 d = NULL;
 611         }
 612
 613         return;
 614
 615 fail:
 616         log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
 617
 618         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 619         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
 620
 621         if (d)
 622                 closedir(d);
 623 }
 624
 625 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
 626         int r, q;
 627
 628         assert(m);
 629
 630         manager_run_generators(m);
 631
 632         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
 633
 634         /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
 635          * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
 636          * already */
 637         if (serialization)
 638                 m->n_reloading ++;
 639
 640         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
 641         r = manager_enumerate(m);
 642
 643         /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
 644         if (serialization)
 645                 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
 646                         r = q;
 647
 648         /* Third, fire things up! */
 649         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
 650                 r = q;
 651
 652         if (serialization) {
 653                 assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
 654                 m->n_reloading --;
 655         }
 656
 657         return r;
 658 }
 659
 660 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
 661         assert(m);
 662         assert(j);
 663
 664         /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
 665
 666         manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
 667
 668         if (!j->installed)
 669                 job_free(j);
 670 }
 671
 672 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
 673         Job *j;
 674
 675         /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
 676          * transaction */
 677
 678         while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
 679                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 680 }
 681
 682 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
 683         Iterator i;
 684         Job *j;
 685
 686         assert(m);
 687
 688         /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
 689
 690         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
 691                 while (j->subject_list)
 692                         job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
 693                 while (j->object_list)
 694                         job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
 695         }
 696
 697         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
 698 }
 699
 700 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
 701         Job *j;
 702
 703         assert(m);
 704
 705         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 706                 if (j->installed)
 707                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 708                 else
 709                         job_free(j);
 710
 711         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 712
 713         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
 714 }
 715
 716 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
 717         JobDependency *l;
 718
 719         assert(m);
 720
 721         /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
 722          * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
 723          * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
 724          * are fully marked as mattering. */
 725
 726         if (j)
 727                 l = j->subject_list;
 728         else
 729                 l = m->transaction_anchor;
 730
 731         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
 732
 733                 /* This link does not matter */
 734                 if (!l->matters)
 735                         continue;
 736
 737                 /* This unit has already been marked */
 738                 if (l->object->generation == generation)
 739                         continue;
 740
 741                 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
 742                 l->object->generation = generation;
 743
 744                 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
 745         }
 746 }
 747
 748 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
 749         JobDependency *l, *last;
 750
 751         assert(j);
 752         assert(other);
 753         assert(j->unit == other->unit);
 754         assert(!j->installed);
 755
 756         /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
 757
 758         j->type = t;
 759         j->state = JOB_WAITING;
 760         j->override = j->override || other->override;
 761
 762         j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
 763
 764         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 765         last = NULL;
 766         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
 767                 assert(l->subject == other);
 768                 l->subject = j;
 769                 last = l;
 770         }
 771
 772         /* Merge both lists */
 773         if (last) {
 774                 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
 775                 if (j->subject_list)
 776                         j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
 777                 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
 778         }
 779
 780         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 781         last = NULL;
 782         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
 783                 assert(l->object == other);
 784                 l->object = j;
 785                 last = l;
 786         }
 787
 788         /* Merge both lists */
 789         if (last) {
 790                 last->object_next = j->object_list;
 791                 if (j->object_list)
 792                         j->object_list->object_prev = last;
 793                 j->object_list = other->object_list;
 794         }
 795
 796         /* Kill the other job */
 797         other->subject_list = NULL;
 798         other->object_list = NULL;
 799         transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
 800 }
 801 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
 802         JobDependency *l;
 803
 804         assert(j);
 805
 806         /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
 807          * ConflictedBy dependency. */
 808
 809         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
 810                 if (l->conflicts)
 811                         return true;
 812
 813         return false;
 814 }
 815
 816 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
 817         Job *k;
 818
 819         assert(j);
 820
 821         /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
 822          * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
 823          * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
 824          * transaction work. */
 825
 826         /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
 827          * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
 828         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 829                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 830                         Job *d;
 831
 832                         /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
 833                         if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
 834                                 continue;
 835
 836                         /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
 837                          * drop one of them */
 838                         if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
 839
 840                                 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
 841                                  * find the one that is smarter to
 842                                  * remove. Let's think positive and
 843                                  * rather remove stops then starts --
 844                                  * except if something is being
 845                                  * stopped because it is conflicted by
 846                                  * another unit in which case we
 847                                  * rather remove the start. */
 848
 849                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
 850                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
 851
 852                                 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
 853
 854                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
 855                                                 d = k;
 856                                         else
 857                                                 d = j;
 858
 859                                 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
 860
 861                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
 862                                                 d = j;
 863                                         else
 864                                                 d = k;
 865                                 } else
 866                                         d = j;
 867
 868                         } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
 869                                 d = j;
 870                         else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
 871                                 d = k;
 872                         else
 873                                 return -ENOEXEC;
 874
 875                         /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
 876                         log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
 877                         transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
 878                         return 0;
 879                 }
 880
 881         return -EINVAL;
 882 }
 883
 884 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
 885         Job *j;
 886         Iterator i;
 887         int r;
 888
 889         assert(m);
 890
 891         /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
 892          * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
 893         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 894                 JobType t;
 895                 Job *k;
 896
 897                 t = j->type;
 898                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 899                         if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
 900                                 continue;
 901
 902                         /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
 903                          * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
 904                          * of them */
 905
 906                         if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
 907                                 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
 908                                  * let's ask our callers to call us
 909                                  * again after garbage collecting */
 910                                 return -EAGAIN;
 911
 912                         /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
 913                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
 914                                        job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->id);
 915                         return r;
 916                 }
 917         }
 918
 919         /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
 920         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 921                 JobType t = j->type;
 922                 Job *k;
 923
 924                 /* Merge all transactions */
 925                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
 926                         assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
 927
 928                 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
 929                 if (j->unit->job)
 930                         job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
 931
 932                 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
 933                         if (j->installed) {
 934                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
 935                                 j = k;
 936                         } else
 937                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
 938                 }
 939
 940                 if (j->unit->job && !j->installed)
 941                         transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, j->unit->job, t);
 942
 943                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 944                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 945         }
 946
 947         return 0;
 948 }
 949
 950 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
 951         bool again;
 952
 953         assert(m);
 954
 955         /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
 956          * a noop */
 957
 958         do {
 959                 Job *j;
 960                 Iterator i;
 961
 962                 again = false;
 963
 964                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 965                         bool changes_something = false;
 966                         Job *k;
 967
 968                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
 969
 970                                 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
 971                                     (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
 972                                     (!k->unit->job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->job->type)))
 973                                         continue;
 974
 975                                 changes_something = true;
 976                                 break;
 977                         }
 978
 979                         if (changes_something)
 980                                 continue;
 981
 982                         /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
 983                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
 984                         again = true;
 985                         break;
 986                 }
 987
 988         } while (again);
 989 }
 990
 991 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
 992         assert(u);
 993         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 994
 995         /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
 996          * matters to the anchor. */
 997
 998         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 999                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1000                         return true;
1001
1002         return false;
1003 }
1004
1005 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
1006         Iterator i;
1007         Unit *u;
1008         int r;
1009
1010         assert(m);
1011         assert(j);
1012         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1013
1014         /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
1015          * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
1016
1017         /* Have we seen this before? */
1018         if (j->generation == generation) {
1019                 Job *k, *delete;
1020
1021                 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
1022                  * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
1023                  * shortcut things and return right-away. */
1024                 if (!j->marker)
1025                         return 0;
1026
1027                 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
1028                  * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
1029                  * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
1030                  * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
1031                  * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
1032                  * in there. */
1033                 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1034
1035                 delete = NULL;
1036                 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
1037
1038                         log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
1039
1040                         if (!delete &&
1041                             !k->installed &&
1042                             !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
1043                                 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
1044                                  * do so. */
1045                                 delete = k;
1046                         }
1047
1048                         /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1049                          * the cycle */
1050                         if (k == j)
1051                                 break;
1052                 }
1053
1054
1055                 if (delete) {
1056                         log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1057                         transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1058                         return -EAGAIN;
1059                 }
1060
1061                 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1062
1063                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1064                 return -ENOEXEC;
1065         }
1066
1067         /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1068          * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1069          * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1070          * ourselves. */
1071         j->marker = from ? from : j;
1072         j->generation = generation;
1073
1074         /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1075          * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1076         SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1077                 Job *o;
1078
1079                 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1080                 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1081
1082                         /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1083                          * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1084                          * running? */
1085                         if (!(o = u->job))
1086                                 continue;
1087
1088                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1089                         return r;
1090         }
1091
1092         /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1093          * our path anymore. */
1094         j->marker = NULL;
1095
1096         return 0;
1097 }
1098
1099 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1100         Job *j;
1101         int r;
1102         Iterator i;
1103         unsigned g;
1104
1105         assert(m);
1106         assert(generation);
1107
1108         /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1109          * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1110
1111         g = (*generation)++;
1112
1113         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1114                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1115                         return r;
1116
1117         return 0;
1118 }
1119
1120 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1121         bool again;
1122
1123         assert(m);
1124
1125         /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1126
1127         do {
1128                 Iterator i;
1129                 Job *j;
1130
1131                 again = false;
1132
1133                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1134                         if (j->object_list) {
1135                                 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1136                                 /*           j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1137                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->id : "root", */
1138                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1139                                 continue;
1140                         }
1141
1142                         /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1143                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1144                         again = true;
1145                         break;
1146                 }
1147
1148         } while (again);
1149 }
1150
1151 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1152         Iterator i;
1153         Job *j;
1154
1155         assert(m);
1156
1157         /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1158          * existing jobs would be replaced */
1159
1160         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1161
1162                 /* Assume merged */
1163                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1164                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1165
1166                 if (j->unit->job &&
1167                     j->unit->job != j &&
1168                     !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->job->type)) {
1169
1170                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1171                         return -EEXIST;
1172                 }
1173         }
1174
1175         return 0;
1176 }
1177
1178 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1179         bool again;
1180         assert(m);
1181
1182         /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1183          * or that stop a running service. */
1184
1185         do {
1186                 Job *j;
1187                 Iterator i;
1188
1189                 again = false;
1190
1191                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1192                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1193                                 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1194
1195                                 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1196                                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1197                                         continue;
1198
1199                                 /* Would this stop a running service?
1200                                  * Would this change an existing job?
1201                                  * If so, let's drop this entry */
1202
1203                                 stops_running_service =
1204                                         j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1205
1206                                 changes_existing_job =
1207                                         j->unit->job &&
1208                                         job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->job->type);
1209
1210                                 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1211                                         continue;
1212
1213                                 if (stops_running_service)
1214                                         log_debug("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1215
1216                                 if (changes_existing_job)
1217                                         log_debug("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1218
1219                                 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1220                                 log_debug("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1221
1222                                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1223                                 again = true;
1224                                 break;
1225                         }
1226
1227                         if (again)
1228                                 break;
1229                 }
1230
1231         } while (again);
1232 }
1233
1234 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
1235         Iterator i;
1236         Job *j;
1237         int r;
1238
1239         /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1240
1241         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
1242
1243                 /* When isolating first kill all installed jobs which
1244                  * aren't part of the new transaction */
1245         rescan:
1246                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
1247                         assert(j->installed);
1248
1249                         if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit))
1250                                 continue;
1251
1252                         /* 'j' itself is safe to remove, but if other jobs
1253                            are invalidated recursively, our iterator may become
1254                            invalid and we need to start over. */
1255                         if (job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED) > 0)
1256                                 goto rescan;
1257                 }
1258         }
1259
1260         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1261                 /* Assume merged */
1262                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1263                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1264
1265                 if (j->installed)
1266                         continue;
1267
1268                 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1269                         goto rollback;
1270         }
1271
1272         while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1273                 if (j->installed) {
1274                         /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1275                         continue;
1276                 }
1277
1278                 if (j->unit->job)
1279                         job_free(j->unit->job);
1280
1281                 j->unit->job = j;
1282                 j->installed = true;
1283                 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1284
1285                 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1286                  * need anymore. */
1287
1288                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1289                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1290
1291                 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1292                 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1293                 job_start_timer(j);
1294
1295                 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1296         }
1297
1298         /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1299         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1300
1301         return 0;
1302
1303 rollback:
1304
1305         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1306                 if (j->installed)
1307                         continue;
1308
1309                 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1310         }
1311
1312         return r;
1313 }
1314
1315 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1316         int r;
1317         unsigned generation = 1;
1318
1319         assert(m);
1320
1321         /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1322          * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1323
1324         /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1325         transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1326
1327         /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1328          * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1329          * jobs if we don't have to. */
1330         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1331                 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1332
1333         /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1334         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1335
1336         for (;;) {
1337                 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1338                  * be lurking. */
1339                 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1340                         transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1341
1342                 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1343                  * cycles if necessary and possible */
1344                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1345                         break;
1346
1347                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1348                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1349                         goto rollback;
1350                 }
1351
1352                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1353                  * graph is still cyclic... */
1354         }
1355
1356         for (;;) {
1357                 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1358                  * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1359                  * merge */
1360                 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1361                         break;
1362
1363                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1364                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1365                         goto rollback;
1366                 }
1367
1368                 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1369                  * collect its dependencies. */
1370                 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1371                         transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1372
1373                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1374                  * unmergeable entries ... */
1375         }
1376
1377         /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1378         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1379
1380         /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1381         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1382                 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1383                         log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1384                         goto rollback;
1385                 }
1386
1387         /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1388         if ((r = transaction_apply(m, mode)) < 0) {
1389                 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1390                 goto rollback;
1391         }
1392
1393         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1394         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1395
1396         return 0;
1397
1398 rollback:
1399         transaction_abort(m);
1400         return r;
1401 }
1402
1403 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1404         Job *j, *f;
1405
1406         assert(m);
1407         assert(unit);
1408
1409         /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1410          * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1411          * jobs list. */
1412
1413         f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1414
1415         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1416                 assert(j->unit == unit);
1417
1418                 if (j->type == type) {
1419                         if (is_new)
1420                                 *is_new = false;
1421                         return j;
1422                 }
1423         }
1424
1425         if (unit->job && unit->job->type == type)
1426                 j = unit->job;
1427         else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1428                 return NULL;
1429
1430         j->generation = 0;
1431         j->marker = NULL;
1432         j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1433         j->override = override;
1434
1435         LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1436
1437         if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1438                 job_free(j);
1439                 return NULL;
1440         }
1441
1442         if (is_new)
1443                 *is_new = true;
1444
1445         /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1446
1447         return j;
1448 }
1449
1450 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1451         assert(m);
1452         assert(j);
1453
1454         if (j->transaction_prev)
1455                 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1456         else if (j->transaction_next)
1457                 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1458         else
1459                 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1460
1461         if (j->transaction_next)
1462                 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1463
1464         j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1465
1466         while (j->subject_list)
1467                 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1468
1469         while (j->object_list) {
1470                 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1471
1472                 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1473
1474                 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1475                         log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1476                                   other->unit->id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1477                                   j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1478                         transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1479                 }
1480         }
1481 }
1482
1483 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1484                 Manager *m,
1485                 JobType type,
1486                 Unit *unit,
1487                 Job *by,
1488                 bool matters,
1489                 bool override,
1490                 bool conflicts,
1491                 bool ignore_requirements,
1492                 bool ignore_order,
1493                 DBusError *e,
1494                 Job **_ret) {
1495         Job *ret;
1496         Iterator i;
1497         Unit *dep;
1498         int r;
1499         bool is_new;
1500
1501         assert(m);
1502         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1503         assert(unit);
1504
1505         /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1506         /*           unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1507         /*           by ? by->unit->id : "NA", */
1508         /*           by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1509
1510         if (unit->load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1511             unit->load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1512             unit->load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1513                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->id);
1514                 return -EINVAL;
1515         }
1516
1517         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1518                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1519                                "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1520                                "See system logs and 'systemctl status %s' for details.",
1521                                unit->id,
1522                                strerror(-unit->load_error),
1523                                unit->id);
1524                 return -EINVAL;
1525         }
1526
1527         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1528                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->id);
1529                 return -EINVAL;
1530         }
1531
1532         if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1533                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->id);
1534                 return -EBADR;
1535         }
1536
1537         /* First add the job. */
1538         if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1539                 return -ENOMEM;
1540
1541         ret->ignore_order = ret->ignore_order || ignore_order;
1542
1543         /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1544         if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1545                 return -ENOMEM;
1546
1547         if (is_new && !ignore_requirements) {
1548                 Set *following;
1549
1550                 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1551                  * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1552                 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1553                         SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1554                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1555                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1556
1557                                         if (e)
1558                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1559                                 }
1560
1561                         set_free(following);
1562                 }
1563
1564                 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1565                 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1566                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1567                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1568                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1569                                                 goto fail;
1570
1571                                         if (e)
1572                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1573                                 }
1574
1575                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1576                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1577
1578                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1579                                                 goto fail;
1580
1581                                         if (e)
1582                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1583                                 }
1584
1585                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1586                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1587                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1588
1589                                         if (e)
1590                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1591                                 }
1592
1593                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1594                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1595                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1596
1597                                         if (e)
1598                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1599                                 }
1600
1601                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1602                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1603
1604                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1605                                                 goto fail;
1606
1607                                         if (e)
1608                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1609                                 }
1610
1611                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1612                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1613                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1614
1615                                         if (e)
1616                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1617                                 }
1618
1619                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1620                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1621
1622                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1623                                                 goto fail;
1624
1625                                         if (e)
1626                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1627                                 }
1628
1629                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1630                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1631                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1632
1633                                         if (e)
1634                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1635                                 }
1636
1637                 }
1638
1639                 if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1640
1641                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1642                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1643
1644                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1645                                                 goto fail;
1646
1647                                         if (e)
1648                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1649                                 }
1650
1651                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1652                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1653
1654                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1655                                                 goto fail;
1656
1657                                         if (e)
1658                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1659                                 }
1660                 }
1661
1662                 if (type == JOB_RELOAD || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1663
1664                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->dependencies[UNIT_PROPAGATE_RELOAD_TO], i) {
1665                                 r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_RELOAD, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL);
1666
1667                                 if (r < 0) {
1668                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency reload job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->id, bus_error(e, r));
1669
1670                                         if (e)
1671                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1672                                 }
1673                         }
1674                 }
1675
1676                 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1677         }
1678
1679         if (_ret)
1680                 *_ret = ret;
1681
1682         return 0;
1683
1684 fail:
1685         return r;
1686 }
1687
1688 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1689         Iterator i;
1690         Unit *u;
1691         char *k;
1692         int r;
1693
1694         assert(m);
1695
1696         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1697
1698                 /* ignore aliases */
1699                 if (u->id != k)
1700                         continue;
1701
1702                 if (u->ignore_on_isolate)
1703                         continue;
1704
1705                 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1706                 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->job)
1707                         continue;
1708
1709                 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1710                 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1711                         continue;
1712
1713                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1714                         log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->id, strerror(-r));
1715         }
1716
1717         return 0;
1718 }
1719
1720 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1721         int r;
1722         Job *ret;
1723
1724         assert(m);
1725         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1726         assert(unit);
1727         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1728
1729         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1730                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1731                 return -EINVAL;
1732         }
1733
1734         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->allow_isolate) {
1735                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1736                 return -EPERM;
1737         }
1738
1739         log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1740
1741         if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false,
1742                                                       mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES || mode == JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS,
1743                                                       mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1744                 transaction_abort(m);
1745                 return r;
1746         }
1747
1748         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1749                 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1750                         transaction_abort(m);
1751                         return r;
1752                 }
1753
1754         if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1755                 return r;
1756
1757         log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1758
1759         if (_ret)
1760                 *_ret = ret;
1761
1762         return 0;
1763 }
1764
1765 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1766         Unit *unit;
1767         int r;
1768
1769         assert(m);
1770         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1771         assert(name);
1772         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1773
1774         if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1775                 return r;
1776
1777         return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1778 }
1779
1780 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1781         assert(m);
1782
1783         return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1784 }
1785
1786 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1787         assert(m);
1788         assert(name);
1789
1790         return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1791 }
1792
1793 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1794         Unit *u;
1795         unsigned n = 0;
1796
1797         assert(m);
1798
1799         /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1800         if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1801                 return 0;
1802
1803         m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1804
1805         /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1806          * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1807
1808         while ((u = m->load_queue)) {
1809                 assert(u->in_load_queue);
1810
1811                 unit_load(u);
1812                 n++;
1813         }
1814
1815         m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1816         return n;
1817 }
1818
1819 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1820         Unit *ret;
1821         UnitType t;
1822         int r;
1823
1824         assert(m);
1825         assert(name || path);
1826
1827         /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1828          * load anything from disk. */
1829
1830         if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1831                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1832                 return -EINVAL;
1833         }
1834
1835         if (!name)
1836                 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1837
1838         t = unit_name_to_type(name);
1839
1840         if (t == _UNIT_TYPE_INVALID || !unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, false)) {
1841                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1842                 return -EINVAL;
1843         }
1844
1845         ret = manager_get_unit(m, name);
1846         if (ret) {
1847                 *_ret = ret;
1848                 return 1;
1849         }
1850
1851         ret = unit_new(m, unit_vtable[t]->object_size);
1852         if (!ret)
1853                 return -ENOMEM;
1854
1855         if (path) {
1856                 ret->fragment_path = strdup(path);
1857                 if (!ret->fragment_path) {
1858                         unit_free(ret);
1859                         return -ENOMEM;
1860                 }
1861         }
1862
1863         if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1864                 unit_free(ret);
1865                 return r;
1866         }
1867
1868         unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1869         unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1870         unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1871
1872         if (_ret)
1873                 *_ret = ret;
1874
1875         return 0;
1876 }
1877
1878 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1879         int r;
1880
1881         assert(m);
1882
1883         /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1884          * start any services or anything. */
1885
1886         if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1887                 return r;
1888
1889         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1890
1891         if (_ret)
1892                 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1893
1894         return 0;
1895 }
1896
1897 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1898         Iterator i;
1899         Job *j;
1900
1901         assert(s);
1902         assert(f);
1903
1904         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1905                 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1906 }
1907
1908 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1909         Iterator i;
1910         Unit *u;
1911         const char *t;
1912
1913         assert(s);
1914         assert(f);
1915
1916         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1917                 if (u->id == t)
1918                         unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1919 }
1920
1921 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1922         Job *j;
1923
1924         assert(m);
1925
1926         transaction_abort(m);
1927
1928         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1929                 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1930 }
1931
1932 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1933         Job *j;
1934         unsigned n = 0;
1935
1936         if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1937                 return 0;
1938
1939         m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1940
1941         while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1942                 assert(j->installed);
1943                 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1944
1945                 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1946                 n++;
1947         }
1948
1949         m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1950         return n;
1951 }
1952
1953 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1954         Job *j;
1955         Unit *u;
1956         unsigned n = 0;
1957
1958         assert(m);
1959
1960         if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1961                 return 0;
1962
1963         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1964
1965         while ((u = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1966                 assert(u->in_dbus_queue);
1967
1968                 bus_unit_send_change_signal(u);
1969                 n++;
1970         }
1971
1972         while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1973                 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1974
1975                 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1976                 n++;
1977         }
1978
1979         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1980         return n;
1981 }
1982
1983 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1984         ssize_t n;
1985
1986         assert(m);
1987
1988         for (;;) {
1989                 char buf[4096];
1990                 struct msghdr msghdr;
1991                 struct iovec iovec;
1992                 struct ucred *ucred;
1993                 union {
1994                         struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1995                         uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1996                 } control;
1997                 Unit *u;
1998                 char **tags;
1999
2000                 zero(iovec);
2001                 iovec.iov_base = buf;
2002                 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
2003
2004                 zero(control);
2005                 zero(msghdr);
2006                 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
2007                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
2008                 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
2009                 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
2010
2011                 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
2012                         if (n >= 0)
2013                                 return -EIO;
2014
2015                         if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
2016                                 break;
2017
2018                         return -errno;
2019                 }
2020
2021                 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
2022                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
2023                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
2024                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
2025                         log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
2026                         continue;
2027                 }
2028
2029                 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
2030
2031                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
2032                         if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
2033                                 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
2034                                 continue;
2035                         }
2036
2037                 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
2038                 buf[n] = 0;
2039                 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
2040                         return -ENOMEM;
2041
2042                 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->id);
2043
2044                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
2045                         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
2046
2047                 strv_free(tags);
2048         }
2049
2050         return 0;
2051 }
2052
2053 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
2054         assert(m);
2055
2056         for (;;) {
2057                 siginfo_t si;
2058                 Unit *u;
2059                 int r;
2060
2061                 zero(si);
2062
2063                 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
2064                  * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
2065                  * it while it is a zombie. */
2066                 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
2067
2068                         if (errno == ECHILD)
2069                                 break;
2070
2071                         if (errno == EINTR)
2072                                 continue;
2073
2074                         return -errno;
2075                 }
2076
2077                 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
2078                         break;
2079
2080                 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
2081                         char *name = NULL;
2082
2083                         get_process_comm(si.si_pid, &name);
2084                         log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
2085                         free(name);
2086                 }
2087
2088                 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
2089                  * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
2090                  * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
2091                  * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
2092                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2093                         return r;
2094
2095                 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2096                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2097                         u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2098
2099                 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2100                 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2101                         if (errno == EINTR)
2102                                 continue;
2103
2104                         return -errno;
2105                 }
2106
2107                 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2108                         continue;
2109
2110                 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2111                           (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2112                           sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2113                           si.si_status,
2114                           strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2115                                 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2116                                 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2117
2118                 if (!u)
2119                         continue;
2120
2121                 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->id);
2122
2123                 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2124                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2125         }
2126
2127         return 0;
2128 }
2129
2130 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2131         int r;
2132         DBusError error;
2133
2134         dbus_error_init(&error);
2135
2136         log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2137
2138         if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2139                 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2140
2141         dbus_error_free(&error);
2142
2143         return r;
2144 }
2145
2146 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2147         ssize_t n;
2148         struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2149         bool sigchld = false;
2150
2151         assert(m);
2152
2153         for (;;) {
2154                 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2155
2156                         if (n >= 0)
2157                                 return -EIO;
2158
2159                         if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2160                                 break;
2161
2162                         return -errno;
2163                 }
2164
2165                 if (sfsi.ssi_pid > 0) {
2166                         char *p = NULL;
2167
2168                         get_process_comm(sfsi.ssi_pid, &p);
2169
2170                         log_debug("Received SIG%s from PID %lu (%s).",
2171                                   signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo),
2172                                   (unsigned long) sfsi.ssi_pid, strna(p));
2173                         free(p);
2174                 } else
2175                         log_debug("Received SIG%s.", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
2176
2177                 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2178
2179                 case SIGCHLD:
2180                         sigchld = true;
2181                         break;
2182
2183                 case SIGTERM:
2184                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2185                                 /* This is for compatibility with the
2186                                  * original sysvinit */
2187                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2188                                 break;
2189                         }
2190
2191                         /* Fall through */
2192
2193                 case SIGINT:
2194                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2195                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2196                                 break;
2197                         }
2198
2199                         /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2200                         if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2201                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2202                                 return 0;
2203                         }
2204
2205                         break;
2206
2207                 case SIGWINCH:
2208                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2209                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2210
2211                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2212                         break;
2213
2214                 case SIGPWR:
2215                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2216                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2217
2218                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2219                         break;
2220
2221                 case SIGUSR1: {
2222                         Unit *u;
2223
2224                         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2225
2226                         if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2227                                 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2228                                 bus_init(m, true);
2229                         }
2230
2231                         if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2232                                 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2233                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2234                         }
2235
2236                         break;
2237                 }
2238
2239                 case SIGUSR2: {
2240                         FILE *f;
2241                         char *dump = NULL;
2242                         size_t size;
2243
2244                         if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2245                                 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2246                                 break;
2247                         }
2248
2249                         manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2250                         manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2251
2252                         if (ferror(f)) {
2253                                 fclose(f);
2254                                 free(dump);
2255                                 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2256                                 break;
2257                         }
2258
2259                         fclose(f);
2260                         log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2261                         free(dump);
2262
2263                         break;
2264                 }
2265
2266                 case SIGHUP:
2267                         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2268                         break;
2269
2270                 default: {
2271
2272                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2273                         static const char * const target_table[] = {
2274                                 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2275                                 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2276                                 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2277                                 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2278                                 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2279                                 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2280                                 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2281                         };
2282
2283                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2284                         static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2285                                 [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
2286                                 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2287                                 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2288                                 [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC
2289                         };
2290
2291                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2292                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2293                                 int idx = (int) sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN;
2294                                 manager_start_target(m, target_table[idx],
2295                                                      (idx == 1 || idx == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2296                                 break;
2297                         }
2298
2299                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2300                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2301                                 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2302                                 break;
2303                         }
2304
2305                         switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2306
2307                         case 20:
2308                                 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2309                                 manager_set_show_status(m, true);
2310                                 break;
2311
2312                         case 21:
2313                                 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2314                                 manager_set_show_status(m, false);
2315                                 break;
2316
2317                         case 22:
2318                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
2319                                 log_notice("Setting log level to debug.");
2320                                 break;
2321
2322                         case 23:
2323                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
2324                                 log_notice("Setting log level to info.");
2325                                 break;
2326
2327                         case 26:
2328                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
2329                                 log_notice("Setting log target to journal-or-kmsg.");
2330                                 break;
2331
2332                         case 27:
2333                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
2334                                 log_notice("Setting log target to console.");
2335                                 break;
2336
2337                         case 28:
2338                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
2339                                 log_notice("Setting log target to kmsg.");
2340                                 break;
2341
2342                         case 29:
2343                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG);
2344                                 log_notice("Setting log target to syslog-or-kmsg.");
2345                                 break;
2346
2347                         default:
2348                                 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
2349                         }
2350                 }
2351                 }
2352         }
2353
2354         if (sigchld)
2355                 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2356
2357         return 0;
2358 }
2359
2360 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2361         int r;
2362         Watch *w;
2363
2364         assert(m);
2365         assert(ev);
2366
2367         assert_se(w = ev->data.ptr);
2368
2369         if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2370                 return 0;
2371
2372         switch (w->type) {
2373
2374         case WATCH_SIGNAL:
2375
2376                 /* An incoming signal? */
2377                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2378                         return -EINVAL;
2379
2380                 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2381                         return r;
2382
2383                 break;
2384
2385         case WATCH_NOTIFY:
2386
2387                 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2388                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2389                         return -EINVAL;
2390
2391                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2392                         return r;
2393
2394                 break;
2395
2396         case WATCH_FD:
2397
2398                 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2399                 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2400                 break;
2401
2402         case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2403         case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2404                 uint64_t v;
2405                 ssize_t k;
2406
2407                 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2408                 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2409
2410                         if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2411                                 break;
2412
2413                         return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2414                 }
2415
2416                 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2417                         UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2418                 else
2419                         job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2420                 break;
2421         }
2422
2423         case WATCH_MOUNT:
2424                 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2425                 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2426                 break;
2427
2428         case WATCH_SWAP:
2429                 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2430                 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2431                 break;
2432
2433         case WATCH_UDEV:
2434                 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2435                 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2436                 break;
2437
2438         case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2439                 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2440                 break;
2441
2442         case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2443                 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2444                 break;
2445
2446         default:
2447                 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2448                 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2449         }
2450
2451         return 0;
2452 }
2453
2454 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2455         int r;
2456         int wait_msec = -1;
2457
2458         RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 50000);
2459
2460         assert(m);
2461         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2462
2463         /* Release the path cache */
2464         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2465         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2466
2467         manager_check_finished(m);
2468
2469         /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2470          * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2471         r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2472         if (r < 0)
2473                 return r;
2474
2475         /* Sleep for half the watchdog time */
2476         if (m->runtime_watchdog > 0 && m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)  {
2477                 wait_msec = (int) (m->runtime_watchdog / 2 / USEC_PER_MSEC);
2478                 if (wait_msec <= 0)
2479                         wait_msec = 1;
2480         }
2481
2482         while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2483                 struct epoll_event event;
2484                 int n;
2485
2486                 if (wait_msec >= 0)
2487                         watchdog_ping();
2488
2489                 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2490                         /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2491                         log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2492                         sleep(1);
2493                         continue;
2494                 }
2495
2496                 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2497                         continue;
2498
2499                 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2500                         continue;
2501
2502                 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2503                         continue;
2504
2505                 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2506                         continue;
2507
2508                 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2509                         continue;
2510
2511                 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2512                         continue;
2513
2514                 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2515                         continue;
2516
2517                 n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, wait_msec);
2518                 if (n < 0) {
2519
2520                         if (errno == EINTR)
2521                                 continue;
2522
2523                         return -errno;
2524                 } else if (n == 0)
2525                         continue;
2526
2527                 assert(n == 1);
2528
2529                 r = process_event(m, &event);
2530                 if (r < 0)
2531                         return r;
2532         }
2533
2534         return m->exit_code;
2535 }
2536
2537 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2538         char *n;
2539         Unit *u;
2540
2541         assert(m);
2542         assert(s);
2543         assert(_u);
2544
2545         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2546                 return -EINVAL;
2547
2548         if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2549                 return -ENOMEM;
2550
2551         u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2552         free(n);
2553
2554         if (!u)
2555                 return -ENOENT;
2556
2557         *_u = u;
2558
2559         return 0;
2560 }
2561
2562 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2563         Job *j;
2564         unsigned id;
2565         int r;
2566
2567         assert(m);
2568         assert(s);
2569         assert(_j);
2570
2571         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2572                 return -EINVAL;
2573
2574         if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2575                 return r;
2576
2577         if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2578                 return -ENOENT;
2579
2580         *_j = j;
2581
2582         return 0;
2583 }
2584
2585 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2586
2587 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
2588         char *p;
2589
2590         if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2591                 return;
2592
2593         /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2594          * started and we're just deserializing */
2595         if (m->n_reloading > 0)
2596                 return;
2597
2598         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2599                 return;
2600
2601         if (u->type != UNIT_SERVICE)
2602                 return;
2603
2604         if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->id))) {
2605                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2606                 return;
2607         }
2608
2609         if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2610                 log_warning("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2611
2612                 if (errno == EPERM) {
2613                         /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2614                          * Then let's not retry again, to avoid
2615                          * spamming the user with the same and same
2616                          * messages over and over. */
2617
2618                         audit_close(m->audit_fd);
2619                         m->audit_fd = -1;
2620                 }
2621         }
2622
2623         free(p);
2624 #endif
2625
2626 }
2627
2628 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2629         int fd = -1;
2630         union sockaddr_union sa;
2631         int n = 0;
2632         char *message = NULL;
2633
2634         /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2635          * started and we're just deserializing */
2636         if (m->n_reloading > 0)
2637                 return;
2638
2639         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2640                 return;
2641
2642         if (u->type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2643             u->type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2644             u->type != UNIT_SWAP)
2645                 return;
2646
2647         /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2648          * message then wait for plymouth */
2649         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2650                 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2651                 return;
2652         }
2653
2654         zero(sa);
2655         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2656         strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2657         if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2658
2659                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2660                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2661                     errno != ENOENT &&
2662                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2663                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2664                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2665                         log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2666
2667                 goto finish;
2668         }
2669
2670         if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->id) + 1), u->id, &n) < 0) {
2671                 log_error("Out of memory");
2672                 goto finish;
2673         }
2674
2675         errno = 0;
2676         if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2677
2678                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2679                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2680                     errno != ENOENT &&
2681                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2682                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2683                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2684                         log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2685
2686                 goto finish;
2687         }
2688
2689 finish:
2690         if (fd >= 0)
2691                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2692
2693         free(message);
2694 }
2695
2696 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2697                 Manager *m,
2698                 const char *name,
2699                 const char* old_owner,
2700                 const char *new_owner) {
2701
2702         Unit *u;
2703
2704         assert(m);
2705         assert(name);
2706
2707         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2708                 return;
2709
2710         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2711 }
2712
2713 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2714                 Manager *m,
2715                 const char *name,
2716                 pid_t pid) {
2717
2718         Unit *u;
2719
2720         assert(m);
2721         assert(name);
2722         assert(pid >= 1);
2723
2724         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2725                 return;
2726
2727         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2728 }
2729
2730 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2731         char *path = NULL;
2732         mode_t saved_umask;
2733         int fd;
2734         FILE *f;
2735
2736         assert(_f);
2737
2738         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2739                 asprintf(&path, "/run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2740         else
2741                 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2742
2743         if (!path)
2744                 return -ENOMEM;
2745
2746         saved_umask = umask(0077);
2747         fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2748         umask(saved_umask);
2749
2750         if (fd < 0) {
2751                 free(path);
2752                 return -errno;
2753         }
2754
2755         unlink(path);
2756
2757         log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2758         free(path);
2759
2760         if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")))
2761                 return -errno;
2762
2763         *_f = f;
2764
2765         return 0;
2766 }
2767
2768 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2769         Iterator i;
2770         Unit *u;
2771         const char *t;
2772         int r;
2773
2774         assert(m);
2775         assert(f);
2776         assert(fds);
2777
2778         m->n_reloading ++;
2779
2780         fprintf(f, "current-job-id=%i\n", m->current_job_id);
2781         fprintf(f, "taint-usr=%s\n", yes_no(m->taint_usr));
2782
2783         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2784         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2785         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2786
2787         fputc('\n', f);
2788
2789         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2790                 if (u->id != t)
2791                         continue;
2792
2793                 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2794                         continue;
2795
2796                 /* Start marker */
2797                 fputs(u->id, f);
2798                 fputc('\n', f);
2799
2800                 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0) {
2801                         m->n_reloading --;
2802                         return r;
2803                 }
2804         }
2805
2806         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2807         m->n_reloading --;
2808
2809         if (ferror(f))
2810                 return -EIO;
2811
2812         r = bus_fdset_add_all(m, fds);
2813         if (r < 0)
2814                 return r;
2815
2816         return 0;
2817 }
2818
2819 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2820         int r = 0;
2821
2822         assert(m);
2823         assert(f);
2824
2825         log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2826
2827         m->n_reloading ++;
2828
2829         for (;;) {
2830                 char line[LINE_MAX], *l;
2831
2832                 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2833                         if (feof(f))
2834                                 r = 0;
2835                         else
2836                                 r = -errno;
2837
2838                         goto finish;
2839                 }
2840
2841                 char_array_0(line);
2842                 l = strstrip(line);
2843
2844                 if (l[0] == 0)
2845                         break;
2846
2847                 if (startswith(l, "current-job-id=")) {
2848                         uint32_t id;
2849
2850                         if (safe_atou32(l+15, &id) < 0)
2851                                 log_debug("Failed to parse current job id value %s", l+15);
2852                         else
2853                                 m->current_job_id = MAX(m->current_job_id, id);
2854                 } else if (startswith(l, "taint-usr=")) {
2855                         int b;
2856
2857                         if ((b = parse_boolean(l+10)) < 0)
2858                                 log_debug("Failed to parse taint /usr flag %s", l+10);
2859                         else
2860                                 m->taint_usr = m->taint_usr || b;
2861                 } else if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2862                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2863                 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2864                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2865                 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2866                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2867                 else
2868                         log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2869         }
2870
2871         for (;;) {
2872                 Unit *u;
2873                 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2874
2875                 /* Start marker */
2876                 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2877                         if (feof(f))
2878                                 r = 0;
2879                         else
2880                                 r = -errno;
2881
2882                         goto finish;
2883                 }
2884
2885                 char_array_0(name);
2886
2887                 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2888                         goto finish;
2889
2890                 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2891                         goto finish;
2892         }
2893
2894 finish:
2895         if (ferror(f)) {
2896                 r = -EIO;
2897                 goto finish;
2898         }
2899
2900         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2901         m->n_reloading --;
2902
2903         return r;
2904 }
2905
2906 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2907         int r, q;
2908         FILE *f;
2909         FDSet *fds;
2910
2911         assert(m);
2912
2913         if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2914                 return r;
2915
2916         m->n_reloading ++;
2917
2918         if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2919                 m->n_reloading --;
2920                 r = -ENOMEM;
2921                 goto finish;
2922         }
2923
2924         if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
2925                 m->n_reloading --;
2926                 goto finish;
2927         }
2928
2929         if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2930                 m->n_reloading --;
2931                 r = -errno;
2932                 goto finish;
2933         }
2934
2935         /* From here on there is no way back. */
2936         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2937         manager_undo_generators(m);
2938
2939         /* Find new unit paths */
2940         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2941         if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as, true)) < 0)
2942                 r = q;
2943
2944         manager_run_generators(m);
2945
2946         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2947
2948         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2949         if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2950                 r = q;
2951
2952         /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2953         if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2954                 r = q;
2955
2956         fclose(f);
2957         f = NULL;
2958
2959         /* Third, fire things up! */
2960         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2961                 r = q;
2962
2963         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2964         m->n_reloading--;
2965
2966 finish:
2967         if (f)
2968                 fclose(f);
2969
2970         if (fds)
2971                 fdset_free(fds);
2972
2973         return r;
2974 }
2975
2976 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2977         Unit *u;
2978
2979         assert(m);
2980
2981         /* Is the initial job still around? */
2982         if (manager_get_job(m, m->default_unit_job_id))
2983                 return true;
2984
2985         /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2986         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET);
2987         if (u)
2988                 return !!u->job;
2989
2990         return false;
2991 }
2992
2993 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2994         Unit *u;
2995         Iterator i;
2996
2997         assert(m);
2998
2999         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
3000                 unit_reset_failed(u);
3001 }
3002
3003 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
3004         Unit *u;
3005
3006         assert(m);
3007         assert(name);
3008
3009         /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
3010         if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
3011                 return true;
3012
3013         return unit_pending_inactive(u);
3014 }
3015
3016 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
3017         char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
3018         usec_t kernel_usec = 0, initrd_usec = 0, userspace_usec = 0, total_usec = 0;
3019
3020         assert(m);
3021
3022         if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
3023                 return;
3024
3025         if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
3026                 return;
3027
3028         dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
3029
3030         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
3031
3032                 userspace_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
3033                 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic;
3034
3035                 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
3036
3037                         kernel_usec = m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
3038                         initrd_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
3039
3040                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
3041                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
3042                                  format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd), initrd_usec),
3043                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
3044                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
3045                 } else {
3046                         kernel_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
3047                         initrd_usec = 0;
3048
3049                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
3050                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
3051                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
3052                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
3053                 }
3054         } else {
3055                 userspace_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
3056                 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
3057
3058                 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
3059                           format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
3060         }
3061
3062         bus_broadcast_finished(m, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
3063
3064         sd_notifyf(false,
3065                    "READY=1\nSTATUS=Startup finished in %s.",
3066                    format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
3067 }
3068
3069 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
3070         DIR *d = NULL;
3071         const char *generator_path;
3072         const char *argv[3];
3073         mode_t u;
3074
3075         assert(m);
3076
3077         generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
3078         if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
3079
3080                 if (errno == ENOENT)
3081                         return;
3082
3083                 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
3084                 return;
3085         }
3086
3087         if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
3088                 const char *p;
3089                 char user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
3090
3091                 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && getpid() == 1) {
3092                         p = "/run/systemd/generator";
3093
3094                         if (mkdir_p(p, 0755) < 0) {
3095                                 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
3096                                 goto finish;
3097                         }
3098
3099                 } else {
3100                         if (!(p = mkdtemp(user_path))) {
3101                                 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
3102                                 goto finish;
3103                         }
3104                 }
3105
3106                 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
3107                         log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
3108                         goto finish;
3109                 }
3110         }
3111
3112         argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
3113         argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
3114         argv[2] = NULL;
3115
3116         u = umask(0022);
3117         execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
3118         umask(u);
3119
3120         if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
3121                 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
3122                  * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
3123                  * this */
3124
3125                 free(m->generator_unit_path);
3126                 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3127                 goto finish;
3128         }
3129
3130         if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
3131                 char **l;
3132
3133                 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
3134                         log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
3135                         goto finish;
3136                 }
3137
3138                 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
3139                 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
3140
3141                 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
3142         }
3143
3144 finish:
3145         if (d)
3146                 closedir(d);
3147 }
3148
3149 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
3150         assert(m);
3151
3152         if (!m->generator_unit_path)
3153                 return;
3154
3155         strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
3156         rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true, false);
3157
3158         free(m->generator_unit_path);
3159         m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3160 }
3161
3162 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
3163         char **l;
3164
3165         assert(m);
3166
3167         if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
3168                 return -ENOMEM;
3169
3170         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
3171         m->default_controllers = l;
3172
3173         return 0;
3174 }
3175
3176 void manager_recheck_journal(Manager *m) {
3177         Unit *u;
3178
3179         assert(m);
3180
3181         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
3182                 return;
3183
3184         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SOCKET);
3185         if (u && SOCKET(u)->state != SOCKET_RUNNING) {
3186                 log_close_journal();
3187                 return;
3188         }
3189
3190         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SERVICE);
3191         if (u && SERVICE(u)->state != SERVICE_RUNNING) {
3192                 log_close_journal();
3193                 return;
3194         }
3195
3196         /* Hmm, OK, so the socket is fully up and the service is up
3197          * too, then let's make use of the thing. */
3198         log_open();
3199 }
3200
3201 void manager_set_show_status(Manager *m, bool b) {
3202         assert(m);
3203
3204         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
3205                 return;
3206
3207         m->show_status = b;
3208
3209         if (b)
3210                 touch("/run/systemd/show-status");
3211         else
3212                 unlink("/run/systemd/show-status");
3213 }
3214
3215 bool manager_get_show_status(Manager *m) {
3216         assert(m);
3217
3218         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
3219                 return false;
3220
3221         if (m->show_status)
3222                 return true;
3223
3224         /* If Plymouth is running make sure we show the status, so
3225          * that there's something nice to see when people press Esc */
3226
3227         return plymouth_running();
3228 }
3229
3230 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
3231         [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
3232         [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
3233 };
3234
3235 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);