3 The systemd socket files use PassCred=yes, which requires systemd
14 The udev daemon moved to /lib/udev/udevd. Non-systemd init systems
15 and non-dracut initramfs image generators need to change the init
16 scripts. Alternatively the udev build needs to move udevd back to
17 /sbin or create a symlink in /sbin, which is not done by default.
19 The path_id, usb_id, input_id tools are built-in commands now and
20 the stand-alone tools do not exist anymore. Static lists of file in
21 initramfs generators need to be updated. For testing, the commands
22 can still be executed standalone with 'udevadm test-builtin <cmd>'.
24 The fusectl filesystem is no longer mounted directly from udev.
25 Systemd systems will take care of mounting fusectl and configfs
26 now. Non-systemd systems need to ship their own rule if they
27 need these filesystems auto-mounted.
29 The long deprecated keys: SYSFS=, ID=, BUS= have been removed.
31 The support for 'udevadm trigger --type=failed, and the
32 RUN{fail_event_on_error} attribute was removed.
34 The udev control socket is now created in /run/udev/control
35 and no longer as an abstract namespace one.
37 The rules to create persistent network interface and cdrom link
38 rules automatically in /etc/udev/rules.d/ have been disabled by
39 default. Explicit configuration will be required for these use
40 cases, udev will no longer try to write any persistent system
41 configuration from a device hotplug path.
47 The udev-acl extra is no longer enabled by default now. To enable it,
48 --enable-udev_acl needs to be given at ./configure time. On systemd
49 systems, the udev-acl rules prevent it from running as the functionality
56 Udev now enables kernel media-presence polling if available. Part
57 of udisks optical drive tray-handling moved to cdrom_id: The tray
58 is locked as soon as a media is detected to enable the receiving
59 of media-eject-request events. Media-eject-request events will
62 Libudev enumerate is now able to enumerate a subtree of a given
65 The mobile-action-modeswitch modeswitch tool was deleted. The
66 functionality is provided by usb_modeswitch now.
72 The systemd service files require systemd version 28. The systemd
73 socket activation make it possible now to start 'udevd' and 'udevadm
78 Fix bug in control message handling, which can lead to a failing
79 udevadm control --exit. Thanks to Jürg Billeter for help tracking
86 We require at least Linux kernel 2.6.32 now. Some platforms might
87 require a later kernel that supports accept4() and similar, or
88 need to backport the trivial syscall wiring to the older kernels.
90 The hid2hci tool moved to the bluez package and was removed.
92 Many of the extras can be --enable/--disabled at ./configure
93 time. The --disable-extras option was removed. Some extras have
94 been disabled by default. The current options and their defaults
95 can be checked with './configure --help'.
101 Udev logs a warning now if /run is not writable at udevd
102 startup. It will still fall back to /dev/.udev, but this is
103 now considered a bug.
105 The running udev daemon can now cleanly shut down with:
106 udevadm control --exit
108 Udev in initramfs should clean the state of the udev database
109 with: udevadm info --cleanup-db which will remove all state left
110 behind from events/rules in initramfs. If initramfs uses
111 --cleanup-db and device-mapper/LVM, the rules in initramfs need
112 to add OPTIONS+="db_persist" for all dm devices. This will
113 prevent removal of the udev database for these devices.
115 Spawned programs by PROGRAM/IMPORT/RUN now have a hard timeout of
116 120 seconds per process. If that timeout is reached the spawned
117 process will be killed. The event timeout can be overwritten with
120 If systemd is used, udev gets now activated by netlink data.
121 Systemd will bind the netlink socket which will buffer all data.
122 If needed, such setup allows a seemless update of the udev daemon,
123 where no event can be lost during a udevd update/restart.
124 Packages need to make sure to: systemctl stop udev.socket udev.service
125 or 'mask' udev.service during the upgrade to prevent any unwanted
126 auto-spawning of udevd.
127 This version of udev conflicts with systemd version below 25. The
128 unchanged service files will not wirk correctly.
134 The udev runtime data moved from /dev/.udev/ to /run/udev/. The
135 /run mountpoint is supposed to be a tmpfs mounted during early boot,
136 available and writable to for all tools at any time during bootup,
137 it replaces /var/run/, which should become a symlink some day.
139 If /run does not exist, or is not writable, udev will fall back using
142 On systemd systems with initramfs and LVM used, packagers must
143 make sure, that the systemd and initramfs versions match. The initramfs
144 needs to create the /run mountpoint for udev to store the data, and
145 mount this tmpfs to /run in the rootfs, so the that the udev database
146 is preserved for the udev version started in the rootfs.
148 The command 'udevadm info --convert-db' is gone. The udev daemon
149 itself, at startup, converts any old database version if necessary.
151 The systemd services files have been reorganized. The udev control
152 socket is bound by systemd and passed to the started udev daemon.
153 The udev-settle.service is no longer active by default. Services which
154 can not handle hotplug setups properly need to actively pull it in, to
155 act like a barrier. Alternatively the settle service can be unconditionally
156 'systemctl'enabled, and act like a barrier for basic.target.
158 The fstab_import callout is no longer built or installed. Udev
159 should not be used to mount, does not watch changes to fstab, and
160 should not mirror fstab values in the udev database.
166 New and updated keymaps.
172 The udev database has changed, After installation of a new udev
173 version, 'udevadm info --convert-db' should be called, to let the new
174 udev/libudev version read the already stored data.
176 udevadm now supports quoting of property values, and prefixing of
178 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix=MY_ --query=property -n sda
181 MY_DEVNAME='/dev/sda'
185 libudev now supports:
186 udev_device_get_is_initialized()
187 udev_enumerate_add_match_is_initialized()
188 to be able to skip devices the kernel has created , but udev has
191 libudev now supports:
192 udev_device_get_usec_since_initialized()
193 to retrieve the "age" of a udev device record.
195 GUdev supports a more generic GUdevEnumerator class, udev TAG
196 handling, device initialization and timestamp now.
198 The counterpart of /sys/dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor,
199 /dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor symlinks are now unconditionally
200 created, even when no rule files exist.
202 New and updated keymaps.
208 GUdev moved from /usr to /.
218 Persistent network naming rules are disabled inside of Qemu/KVM now.
220 New and updated keymaps.
222 Udev gets unconditionally enabled on systemd installations now. There
223 is no longer the need to to run 'systemctl enable udev.service'.
237 New and fixed keymaps.
239 Install systemd service files if applicable.
245 All distribution specific rules are removed from the udev source tree,
246 most of them are no longer needed. The Gentoo rules which allow to support
247 older kernel versions, which are not covered by the default rules anymore
248 has moved to rules/misc/30-kernel-compat.rules.
254 The option --debug-trace and the environemnt variable UDEVD_MAX_CHILDS=
255 was removed from udevd.
257 Udevd now checks the kernel commandline for the following variables:
258 udev.log-priority=<syslog priority>
259 udev.children-max=<maximum number of workers>
260 udev.exec-delay=<seconds to delay the execution of RUN=>
261 to help debuging coldplug setups where the loading of a kernel
262 module crashes the system.
264 The subdirectory in the source tree rules/packages has been renamed to
265 rules/arch, anc contains only architecture specific rules now.
275 Now the udev daemon itself, does on startup:
276 - copy the content of /lib/udev/devices to /dev
277 - create the standard symlinks like /dev/std{in,out,err},
278 /dev/core, /dev/fd, ...
279 - use static node information provided by kernel modules
280 and creates these nodes to allow module on-demand loading
281 - possibly apply permissions to all ststic nodes from udev
282 rules which are annotated to match a static node
284 The default mode for a device node is 0600 now to match the kernel
285 created devtmpfs defaults. If GROUP= is specified and no MODE= is
286 given the default will be 0660.
292 Udev now gradually starts to pass control over the primary device nodes
293 and their names to the kernel, and will in the end only manage the
294 permissions of the node, and possibly create additional symlinks.
295 As a first step NAME="" will be ignored, and NAME= setings with names
296 other than the kernel provided name will result in a logged warning.
297 Kernels that don't provide device names, or devtmpfs is not used, will
298 still work as they did before, but it is strongly recommended to use
299 only the same names for the primary device node as the recent kernel
300 provides for all devices.
304 Fix broken firmware loader search path.
310 "udevadm trigger" defaults to "change" events now instead of "add"
311 events. The "udev boot script" might need to add "--action=add" to
312 the trigger command if not already there, in case the initial coldplug
313 events are expected as "add" events.
315 The option "all_partitons" was removed from udev. This should not be
316 needed for usual hardware. Udev can not safely make assumptions
317 about non-existing partition major/minor numbers, and therefore no
318 longer provide this unreliable and unsafe option.
320 The option "ignore_remove" was removed from udev. With devtmpfs
321 udev passed control over device nodes to the kernel. This option
322 should not be needed, or can not work as advertised. Neither
323 udev nor the kernel will remove device nodes which are copied from
324 the /lib/udev/devices/ directory.
326 All "add|change" matches are replaced by "!remove" in the rules and
327 in the udev logic. All types of events will update possible symlinks
328 and permissions, only "remove" is handled special now.
330 The modem modeswitch extra was removed and the external usb_modeswitch
331 program should be used instead.
333 New and fixed keymaps.
343 Kernels with SYSFS_DEPRECATED=y are not supported since a while. Many users
344 depend on the current sysfs layout and the information not available in the
345 deprecated layout. All remaining support for the deprecated sysfs layout is
350 Fix for a possible endless loop in the new input_id program.
356 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
357 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
358 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
359 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
361 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
362 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
365 The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
366 default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
367 need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
369 The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
370 set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
371 determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
372 can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
373 checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
374 ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
380 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
381 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
382 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
383 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
384 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
387 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
388 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
389 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
391 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
392 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
395 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
396 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
397 be added to the compat rules file.
399 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
400 the udevadm commands.
402 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
405 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
406 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
407 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
409 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
410 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
411 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
412 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
418 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
419 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
421 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
422 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
423 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
425 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
429 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
430 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
436 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
437 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
438 exported with the event.
440 Firmware files are looked up in:
441 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
442 /lib/firmware/updates
443 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
447 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
448 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
454 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
455 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
456 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
459 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
460 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
461 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
462 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
463 future events, all others get cleaned up.
465 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
466 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
468 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
469 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
470 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
472 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
473 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
475 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
476 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
478 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
480 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
481 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
482 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
488 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
489 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
490 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
491 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
492 can not be used with udev.
494 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
495 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
496 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
497 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
498 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
499 users over to directly use libudev.
500 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
501 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
502 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
505 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
506 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
507 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
508 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
509 format will fail to work correctly.
511 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
512 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
519 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
520 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
521 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
522 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
529 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
530 instead of waiting for "all" events.
536 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
537 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
538 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
539 event handling the watch is restored.
545 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
546 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
547 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
553 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
554 are always updated with a test run now.
556 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
557 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
558 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
564 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
565 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
566 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
567 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
569 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
570 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
571 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
573 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
574 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
575 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
576 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
578 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
579 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
580 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
581 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
582 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
583 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
584 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
585 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
586 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
588 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
589 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
590 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
591 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
592 name in the by-id/ directory.
593 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
594 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
595 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
596 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
598 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
599 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
600 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
601 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
602 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
608 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
615 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
619 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
620 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
621 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
622 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
623 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
625 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
626 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
627 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
629 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
630 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
631 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
632 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
635 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
636 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
637 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
638 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
639 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
640 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
642 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
643 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
644 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
645 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
646 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
647 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
648 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
649 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
650 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
651 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
652 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
653 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
658 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
659 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
663 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
665 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
666 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
667 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
668 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
669 other keys per rule are gone.
671 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
672 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
673 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
674 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
676 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
677 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
678 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
680 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
681 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
687 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
688 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
689 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
690 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
691 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
692 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
696 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
697 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
700 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
701 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
702 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
704 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
707 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
708 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
709 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
715 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
716 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
717 option which is not affected.
719 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
720 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
726 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
727 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
728 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
731 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
732 some deprecated functions are removed.
734 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
735 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
736 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
738 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
739 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
744 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
747 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
749 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
753 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
754 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
756 compile-in verbose debug messages
758 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
760 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
763 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
764 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
765 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
767 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
768 they should be provided by the package.
774 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
775 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
776 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
778 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
779 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
780 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
781 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
784 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
785 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
788 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
789 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
790 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
795 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
801 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
802 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
808 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
811 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
812 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
813 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
814 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
820 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
821 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
822 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
823 udev (and the kernel).
829 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
831 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
832 udevtest are no longer created.
834 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
837 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
838 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
849 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
850 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
856 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
857 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
858 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
859 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
860 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
862 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
863 udevadm in the list of files.
873 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
874 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
875 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
876 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
877 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
878 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
879 in etc/udev/packages/.
885 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
886 actions by dynamically created rules.
888 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
889 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
890 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
892 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
893 program and not record as a failed event.
899 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
905 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
906 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
907 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
908 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
909 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
911 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
912 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
913 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
915 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
916 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
922 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
923 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
924 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
925 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
926 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
928 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
929 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
935 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
945 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
946 from the udev package.
952 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
953 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
954 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
955 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
956 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
957 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
958 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
961 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
962 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
964 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
965 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
966 the devices we are looking for.
968 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
969 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
970 the same SCSI identifiers.
972 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
973 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
974 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
975 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
976 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
977 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
978 that run programs only for the matching events.
988 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
989 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
990 included in the match.
992 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
1000 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
1001 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
1002 storage area of their music players.
1006 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
1010 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
1011 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
1012 action that crashes the box.
1014 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
1015 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
1016 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
1017 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
1018 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
1020 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
1021 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
1026 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
1032 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
1033 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
1035 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
1036 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
1037 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
1040 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
1041 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
1042 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
1043 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
1044 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
1046 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
1047 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
1053 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
1054 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
1055 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
1056 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
1057 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
1059 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
1060 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
1061 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
1062 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
1063 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
1066 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
1067 event device. Instead of:
1068 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
1070 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
1072 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
1074 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
1076 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
1077 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
1078 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
1079 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
1080 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
1081 no longer carry this property of a parent and
1082 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
1083 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
1084 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
1085 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
1086 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
1087 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
1088 in most cases it will be empty.
1090 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
1091 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
1092 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
1093 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
1094 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
1095 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
1096 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
1098 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
1099 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
1100 no database file was created by udev.
1102 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
1103 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
1104 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
1108 Bugfixes and small improvements.
1112 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
1118 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
1119 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
1123 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
1127 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
1128 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
1136 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
1137 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
1138 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
1139 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
1140 fix possibly broken rules.
1144 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
1145 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
1146 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
1147 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
1151 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
1152 also skipped optical IDE drives.
1154 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
1156 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
1157 packaging process and not at build time.
1159 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
1160 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
1161 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
1162 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
1163 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
1167 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
1168 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
1170 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
1171 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
1172 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
1174 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
1175 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
1179 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
1181 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
1185 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
1186 events for the same device.
1190 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
1192 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
1197 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
1198 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
1199 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
1200 received the event for.
1202 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
1207 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
1209 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
1210 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
1211 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
1212 the end of the program name to prevent this.
1213 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
1214 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
1215 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
1219 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
1220 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
1221 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
1222 included in a package.
1224 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
1225 the ignore rule was applied.
1227 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
1228 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
1229 should be requested by their subsytem.
1231 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
1233 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
1234 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
1236 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
1237 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
1238 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
1239 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
1240 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
1243 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
1244 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
1245 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
1246 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
1247 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
1248 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
1249 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
1250 for changed parent chains.
1254 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
1255 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
1257 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
1258 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
1260 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
1261 to make %b simpler and working again.
1265 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
1266 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
1267 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
1268 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
1269 change. They will be fixed immediately.
1271 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
1272 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
1273 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
1274 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
1275 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
1277 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
1278 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
1279 the sysfs "modalias" value.
1281 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
1285 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
1287 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
1288 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
1290 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
1291 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
1295 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
1296 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
1297 mentioned on the hotplug list:
1298 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
1301 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
1305 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
1306 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
1307 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
1311 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
1312 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
1313 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
1314 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
1315 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
1316 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
1318 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
1319 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
1321 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
1322 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
1323 still private to udev and can change at any time.
1325 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
1326 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
1327 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
1328 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
1330 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
1331 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
1332 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
1335 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
1336 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
1337 before starting the daemon.
1341 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
1344 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
1345 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
1349 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
1350 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
1352 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
1353 without any queuing now.
1357 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
1358 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
1359 version of udev anymore.
1363 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1364 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1365 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1366 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1367 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1369 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1370 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1371 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1372 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1374 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1377 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1381 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1383 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1384 non-writable /tmp directory.
1386 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1387 let's see who can break this again. :)
1389 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1390 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1391 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1392 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1396 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1401 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1402 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1403 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1404 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1405 export it to the filesystem.
1409 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1410 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1415 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1416 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1417 available while we try to run external programs.
1418 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1422 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1423 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1424 grab it from here. :)
1428 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1430 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1431 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1432 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1436 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1438 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1440 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1441 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1446 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1450 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1452 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1453 timing with custom rules.
1457 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1458 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1460 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1461 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1462 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1464 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1472 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1473 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1474 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1475 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1477 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1478 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1479 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1481 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1482 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1483 bypass the driver core.
1485 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1486 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1487 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1488 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1489 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1490 from a rule if needed:
1491 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1492 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1493 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1494 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1495 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1496 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1498 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1499 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1500 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1501 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1503 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1504 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1505 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1507 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1508 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1509 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1510 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1511 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1513 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1514 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1515 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1516 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1519 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1520 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1521 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1522 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1523 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1524 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1525 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1527 The following rules:
1528 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1529 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1532 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1535 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1536 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1538 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1539 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1540 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1542 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1543 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1544 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1545 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1547 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1548 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1549 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1552 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1553 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1554 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1555 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1556 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1557 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1559 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1560 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1561 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1562 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1566 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1567 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1571 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1572 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1573 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1577 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1578 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1580 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1581 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1582 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1583 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1585 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1586 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1587 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1589 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1590 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1592 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1593 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1594 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1595 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1596 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1597 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1598 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1603 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1604 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1605 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1609 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1611 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1612 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1614 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1615 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1617 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1618 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1619 character class negations like:
1620 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1621 this can now be replaced with:
1623 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1624 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1626 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1629 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1630 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob