5 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
6 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
7 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
8 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
10 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
11 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
18 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
19 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
20 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
21 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
22 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
25 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
26 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
27 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
29 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
30 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
33 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
34 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
35 be added to the compat rules file.
37 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
40 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.11 is
43 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
44 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
45 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
47 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
48 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
49 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
50 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
56 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
57 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
59 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
60 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
61 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
63 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
67 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
68 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
74 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
75 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
76 exported with the event.
78 Firmware files are looked up in:
79 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
81 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
85 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
86 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
92 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
93 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
94 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
97 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
98 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
99 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
100 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
101 future events, all others get cleaned up.
103 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
104 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
106 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
107 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
108 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
110 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
111 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
113 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
114 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
116 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
118 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
119 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
120 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
126 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
127 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
128 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
129 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
130 can not be used with udev.
132 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
133 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
134 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
135 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
136 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
137 users over to directly use libudev.
138 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
139 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
140 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
143 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
144 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
145 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
146 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
147 format will fail to work correctly.
149 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
150 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
157 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
158 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
159 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
160 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
167 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
168 instead of waiting for "all" events.
174 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
175 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
176 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
177 event handling the watch is restored.
183 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
184 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
185 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
191 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
192 are always updated with a test run now.
194 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
195 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
196 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
202 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
203 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
204 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
205 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
207 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
208 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
209 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
211 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
212 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
213 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
214 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
216 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
217 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
218 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
219 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
220 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
221 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
222 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
223 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
224 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
226 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
227 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
228 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
229 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
230 name in the by-id/ directory.
231 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
232 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
233 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
234 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
236 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
237 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
238 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
239 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
240 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
246 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
253 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
257 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
258 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
259 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
260 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
261 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
263 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
264 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
265 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
267 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
268 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
269 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
270 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
273 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
274 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
275 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
276 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
277 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
278 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
280 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
281 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
282 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
283 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
284 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
285 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
286 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
287 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
288 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
289 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
290 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
291 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
296 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
297 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
301 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
303 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
304 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
305 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
306 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
307 other keys per rule are gone.
309 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
310 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
311 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
312 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
314 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
315 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
316 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
318 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
319 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
325 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
326 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
327 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
328 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
329 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
330 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
334 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
335 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
338 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
339 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
340 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
342 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
345 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
346 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
347 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
353 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
354 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
355 option which is not affected.
357 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
358 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
364 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
365 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
366 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
369 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
370 some deprecated functions are removed.
372 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
373 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
374 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
376 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
377 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
382 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
385 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
387 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
391 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
392 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
394 compile-in verbose debug messages
396 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
398 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
401 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
402 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
403 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
405 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
406 they should be provided by the package.
412 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
413 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
414 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
416 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
417 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
418 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
419 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
422 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
423 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
426 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
427 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
428 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
433 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
439 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
440 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
446 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
449 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
450 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
451 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
452 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
458 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
459 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
460 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
461 udev (and the kernel).
467 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
469 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
470 udevtest are no longer created.
472 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
475 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
476 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
487 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
488 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
494 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
495 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
496 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
497 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
498 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
500 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
501 udevadm in the list of files.
511 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
512 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
513 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
514 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
515 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
516 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
517 in etc/udev/packages/.
523 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
524 actions by dynamically created rules.
526 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
527 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
528 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
530 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
531 program and not record as a failed event.
537 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
543 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
544 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
545 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
546 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
547 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
549 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
550 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
551 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
553 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
554 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
560 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
561 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
562 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
563 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
564 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
566 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
567 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
573 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
583 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
584 from the udev package.
590 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
591 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
592 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
593 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
594 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
595 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
596 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
599 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
600 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
602 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
603 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
604 the devices we are looking for.
606 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
607 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
608 the same SCSI identifiers.
610 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
611 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
612 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
613 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
614 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
615 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
616 that run programs only for the matching events.
626 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
627 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
628 included in the match.
630 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
638 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
639 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
640 storage area of their music players.
644 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
648 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
649 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
650 action that crashes the box.
652 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
653 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
654 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
655 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
656 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
658 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
659 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
664 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
670 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
671 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
673 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
674 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
675 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
678 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
679 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
680 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
681 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
682 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
684 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
685 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
691 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
692 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
693 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
694 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
695 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
697 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
698 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
699 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
700 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
701 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
704 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
705 event device. Instead of:
706 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
708 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
710 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
712 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
714 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
715 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
716 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
717 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
718 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
719 no longer carry this property of a parent and
720 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
721 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
722 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
723 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
724 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
725 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
726 in most cases it will be empty.
728 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
729 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
730 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
731 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
732 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
733 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
734 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
736 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
737 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
738 no database file was created by udev.
740 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
741 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
742 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
746 Bugfixes and small improvements.
750 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
756 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
757 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
761 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
765 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
766 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
774 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
775 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
776 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
777 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
778 fix possibly broken rules.
782 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
783 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
784 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
785 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
789 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
790 also skipped optical IDE drives.
792 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
794 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
795 packaging process and not at build time.
797 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
798 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
799 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
800 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
801 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
805 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
806 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
808 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
809 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
810 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
812 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
813 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
817 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
819 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
823 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
824 events for the same device.
828 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
830 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
835 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
836 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
837 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
838 received the event for.
840 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
845 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
847 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
848 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
849 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
850 the end of the program name to prevent this.
851 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
852 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
853 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
857 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
858 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
859 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
860 included in a package.
862 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
863 the ignore rule was applied.
865 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
866 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
867 should be requested by their subsytem.
869 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
871 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
872 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
874 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
875 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
876 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
877 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
878 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
881 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
882 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
883 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
884 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
885 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
886 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
887 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
888 for changed parent chains.
892 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
893 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
895 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
896 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
898 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
899 to make %b simpler and working again.
903 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
904 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
905 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
906 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
907 change. They will be fixed immediately.
909 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
910 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
911 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
912 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
913 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
915 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
916 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
917 the sysfs "modalias" value.
919 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
923 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
925 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
926 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
928 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
929 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
933 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
934 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
935 mentioned on the hotplug list:
936 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
939 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
943 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
944 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
945 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
949 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
950 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
951 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
952 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
953 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
954 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
956 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
957 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
959 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
960 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
961 still private to udev and can change at any time.
963 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
964 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
965 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
966 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
968 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
969 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
970 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
973 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
974 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
975 before starting the daemon.
979 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
982 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
983 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
987 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
988 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
990 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
991 without any queuing now.
995 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
996 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
997 version of udev anymore.
1001 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1002 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1003 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1004 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1005 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1007 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1008 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1009 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1010 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1012 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1015 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1019 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1021 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1022 non-writable /tmp directory.
1024 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1025 let's see who can break this again. :)
1027 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1028 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1029 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1030 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1034 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1039 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1040 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1041 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1042 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1043 export it to the filesystem.
1047 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1048 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1053 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1054 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1055 available while we try to run external programs.
1056 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1060 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1061 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1062 grab it from here. :)
1066 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1068 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1069 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1070 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1074 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1076 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1078 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1079 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1084 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1088 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1090 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1091 timing with custom rules.
1095 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1096 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1098 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1099 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1100 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1102 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1110 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1111 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1112 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1113 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1115 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1116 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1117 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1119 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1120 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1121 bypass the driver core.
1123 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1124 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1125 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1126 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1127 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1128 from a rule if needed:
1129 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1130 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1131 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1132 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1133 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1134 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1136 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1137 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1138 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1139 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1141 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1142 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1143 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1145 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1146 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1147 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1148 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1149 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1151 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1152 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1153 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1154 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1157 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1158 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1159 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1160 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1161 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1162 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1163 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1165 The following rules:
1166 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1167 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1170 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1173 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1174 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1176 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1177 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1178 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1180 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1181 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1182 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1183 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1185 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1186 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1187 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1190 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1191 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1192 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1193 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1194 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1195 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1197 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1198 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1199 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1200 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1204 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1205 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1209 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1210 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1211 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1215 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1216 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1218 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1219 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1220 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1221 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1223 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1224 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1225 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1227 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1228 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1230 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1231 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1232 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1233 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1234 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1235 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1236 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1241 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1242 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1243 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1247 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1249 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1250 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1252 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1253 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1255 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1256 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1257 character class negations like:
1258 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1259 this can now be replaced with:
1261 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1262 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1264 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1267 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1268 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob