7 Fix for a possible endless loop in the new input_id program.
13 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
14 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
15 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
16 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
18 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
19 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
22 The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
23 default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
24 need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
26 The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
27 set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
28 determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
29 can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
30 checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
31 ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
37 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
38 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
39 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
40 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
41 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
44 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
45 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
46 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
48 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
49 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
52 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
53 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
54 be added to the compat rules file.
56 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
59 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
62 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
63 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
64 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
66 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
67 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
68 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
69 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
75 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
76 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
78 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
79 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
80 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
82 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
86 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
87 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
93 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
94 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
95 exported with the event.
97 Firmware files are looked up in:
98 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
100 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
104 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
105 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
111 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
112 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
113 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
116 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
117 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
118 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
119 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
120 future events, all others get cleaned up.
122 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
123 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
125 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
126 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
127 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
129 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
130 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
132 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
133 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
135 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
137 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
138 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
139 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
145 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
146 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
147 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
148 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
149 can not be used with udev.
151 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
152 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
153 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
154 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
155 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
156 users over to directly use libudev.
157 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
158 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
159 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
162 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
163 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
164 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
165 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
166 format will fail to work correctly.
168 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
169 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
176 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
177 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
178 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
179 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
186 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
187 instead of waiting for "all" events.
193 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
194 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
195 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
196 event handling the watch is restored.
202 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
203 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
204 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
210 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
211 are always updated with a test run now.
213 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
214 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
215 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
221 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
222 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
223 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
224 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
226 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
227 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
228 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
230 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
231 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
232 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
233 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
235 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
236 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
237 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
238 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
239 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
240 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
241 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
242 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
243 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
245 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
246 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
247 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
248 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
249 name in the by-id/ directory.
250 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
251 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
252 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
253 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
255 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
256 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
257 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
258 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
259 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
265 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
272 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
276 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
277 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
278 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
279 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
280 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
282 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
283 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
284 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
286 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
287 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
288 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
289 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
292 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
293 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
294 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
295 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
296 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
297 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
299 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
300 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
301 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
302 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
303 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
304 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
305 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
306 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
307 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
308 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
309 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
310 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
315 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
316 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
320 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
322 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
323 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
324 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
325 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
326 other keys per rule are gone.
328 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
329 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
330 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
331 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
333 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
334 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
335 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
337 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
338 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
344 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
345 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
346 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
347 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
348 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
349 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
353 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
354 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
357 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
358 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
359 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
361 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
364 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
365 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
366 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
372 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
373 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
374 option which is not affected.
376 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
377 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
383 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
384 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
385 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
388 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
389 some deprecated functions are removed.
391 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
392 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
393 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
395 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
396 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
401 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
404 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
406 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
410 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
411 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
413 compile-in verbose debug messages
415 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
417 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
420 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
421 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
422 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
424 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
425 they should be provided by the package.
431 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
432 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
433 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
435 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
436 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
437 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
438 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
441 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
442 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
445 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
446 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
447 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
452 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
458 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
459 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
465 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
468 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
469 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
470 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
471 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
477 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
478 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
479 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
480 udev (and the kernel).
486 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
488 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
489 udevtest are no longer created.
491 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
494 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
495 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
506 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
507 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
513 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
514 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
515 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
516 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
517 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
519 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
520 udevadm in the list of files.
530 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
531 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
532 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
533 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
534 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
535 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
536 in etc/udev/packages/.
542 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
543 actions by dynamically created rules.
545 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
546 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
547 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
549 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
550 program and not record as a failed event.
556 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
562 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
563 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
564 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
565 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
566 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
568 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
569 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
570 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
572 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
573 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
579 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
580 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
581 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
582 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
583 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
585 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
586 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
592 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
602 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
603 from the udev package.
609 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
610 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
611 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
612 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
613 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
614 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
615 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
618 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
619 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
621 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
622 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
623 the devices we are looking for.
625 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
626 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
627 the same SCSI identifiers.
629 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
630 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
631 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
632 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
633 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
634 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
635 that run programs only for the matching events.
645 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
646 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
647 included in the match.
649 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
657 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
658 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
659 storage area of their music players.
663 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
667 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
668 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
669 action that crashes the box.
671 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
672 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
673 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
674 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
675 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
677 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
678 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
683 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
689 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
690 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
692 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
693 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
694 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
697 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
698 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
699 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
700 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
701 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
703 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
704 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
710 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
711 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
712 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
713 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
714 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
716 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
717 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
718 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
719 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
720 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
723 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
724 event device. Instead of:
725 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
727 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
729 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
731 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
733 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
734 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
735 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
736 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
737 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
738 no longer carry this property of a parent and
739 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
740 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
741 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
742 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
743 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
744 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
745 in most cases it will be empty.
747 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
748 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
749 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
750 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
751 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
752 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
753 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
755 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
756 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
757 no database file was created by udev.
759 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
760 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
761 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
765 Bugfixes and small improvements.
769 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
775 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
776 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
780 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
784 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
785 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
793 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
794 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
795 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
796 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
797 fix possibly broken rules.
801 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
802 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
803 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
804 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
808 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
809 also skipped optical IDE drives.
811 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
813 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
814 packaging process and not at build time.
816 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
817 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
818 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
819 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
820 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
824 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
825 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
827 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
828 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
829 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
831 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
832 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
836 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
838 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
842 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
843 events for the same device.
847 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
849 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
854 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
855 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
856 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
857 received the event for.
859 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
864 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
866 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
867 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
868 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
869 the end of the program name to prevent this.
870 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
871 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
872 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
876 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
877 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
878 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
879 included in a package.
881 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
882 the ignore rule was applied.
884 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
885 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
886 should be requested by their subsytem.
888 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
890 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
891 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
893 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
894 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
895 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
896 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
897 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
900 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
901 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
902 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
903 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
904 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
905 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
906 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
907 for changed parent chains.
911 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
912 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
914 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
915 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
917 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
918 to make %b simpler and working again.
922 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
923 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
924 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
925 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
926 change. They will be fixed immediately.
928 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
929 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
930 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
931 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
932 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
934 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
935 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
936 the sysfs "modalias" value.
938 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
942 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
944 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
945 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
947 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
948 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
952 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
953 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
954 mentioned on the hotplug list:
955 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
958 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
962 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
963 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
964 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
968 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
969 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
970 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
971 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
972 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
973 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
975 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
976 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
978 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
979 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
980 still private to udev and can change at any time.
982 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
983 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
984 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
985 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
987 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
988 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
989 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
992 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
993 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
994 before starting the daemon.
998 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
1001 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
1002 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
1006 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
1007 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
1009 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
1010 without any queuing now.
1014 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
1015 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
1016 version of udev anymore.
1020 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1021 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1022 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1023 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1024 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1026 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1027 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1028 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1029 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1031 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1034 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1038 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1040 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1041 non-writable /tmp directory.
1043 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1044 let's see who can break this again. :)
1046 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1047 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1048 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1049 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1053 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1058 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1059 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1060 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1061 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1062 export it to the filesystem.
1066 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1067 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1072 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1073 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1074 available while we try to run external programs.
1075 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1079 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1080 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1081 grab it from here. :)
1085 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1087 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1088 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1089 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1093 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1095 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1097 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1098 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1103 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1107 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1109 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1110 timing with custom rules.
1114 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1115 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1117 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1118 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1119 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1121 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1129 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1130 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1131 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1132 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1134 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1135 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1136 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1138 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1139 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1140 bypass the driver core.
1142 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1143 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1144 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1145 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1146 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1147 from a rule if needed:
1148 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1149 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1150 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1151 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1152 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1153 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1155 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1156 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1157 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1158 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1160 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1161 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1162 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1164 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1165 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1166 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1167 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1168 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1170 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1171 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1172 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1173 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1176 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1177 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1178 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1179 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1180 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1181 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1182 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1184 The following rules:
1185 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1186 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1189 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1192 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1193 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1195 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1196 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1197 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1199 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1200 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1201 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1202 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1204 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1205 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1206 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1209 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1210 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1211 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1212 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1213 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1214 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1216 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1217 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1218 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1219 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1223 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1224 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1228 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1229 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1230 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1234 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1235 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1237 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1238 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1239 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1240 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1242 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1243 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1244 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1246 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1247 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1249 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1250 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1251 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1252 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1253 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1254 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1255 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1260 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1261 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1262 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1266 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1268 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1269 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1271 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1272 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1274 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1275 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1276 character class negations like:
1277 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1278 this can now be replaced with:
1280 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1281 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1283 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1286 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1287 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob