[dgit.git] / dgit

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# dgit
# Integration between git and Debian-style archives
#
# Copyright (C)2013-2017 Ian Jackson
# Copyright (C)2017 Sean Whitton
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

END { $? = $Debian::Dgit::ExitStatus::desired // -1; };
use Debian::Dgit::ExitStatus;

use strict;

use Debian::Dgit qw(:DEFAULT :playground);
setup_sigwarn();

use IO::Handle;
use Data::Dumper;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use Dpkg::Control::Hash;
use File::Path;
use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
use File::Basename;
use Dpkg::Version;
use Dpkg::Compression;
use Dpkg::Compression::Process;
use POSIX;
use IPC::Open2;
use Digest::SHA;
use Digest::MD5;
use List::MoreUtils qw(pairwise);
use Text::Glob qw(match_glob);
use Fcntl qw(:DEFAULT :flock);
use Carp;

use Debian::Dgit;

our $our_version = 'UNRELEASED'; ###substituted###
our $absurdity = undef; ###substituted###

our @rpushprotovsn_support = qw(4 3 2); # 4 is new tag format
our $protovsn;

our $cmd;
our $subcommand;
our $isuite;
our $idistro;
our $package;
our @ropts;

our $sign = 1;
our $dryrun_level = 0;
our $changesfile;
our $buildproductsdir = '..';
our $new_package = 0;
our $ignoredirty = 0;
our $rmonerror = 1;
our @deliberatelies;
our %previously;
our $existing_package = 'dpkg';
our $cleanmode;
our $changes_since_version;
our $rmchanges;
our $overwrite_version; # undef: not specified; '': check changelog
our $quilt_mode;
our $quilt_modes_re = 'linear|smash|auto|nofix|nocheck|gbp|dpm|unapplied';
our $dodep14tag;
our $split_brain_save;
our $we_are_responder;
our $we_are_initiator;
our $initiator_tempdir;
our $patches_applied_dirtily = 00;
our $tagformat_want;
our $tagformat;
our $tagformatfn;
our $chase_dsc_distro=1;

our %forceopts = map { $_=>0 }
    qw(unrepresentable unsupported-source-format
       dsc-changes-mismatch changes-origs-exactly
       import-gitapply-absurd
       import-gitapply-no-absurd
       import-dsc-with-dgit-field);

our %format_ok = map { $_=>1 } ("1.0","3.0 (native)","3.0 (quilt)");

our $suite_re = '[-+.0-9a-z]+';
our $cleanmode_re = 'dpkg-source(?:-d)?|git|git-ff|check|none';
our $orig_f_comp_re = qr{orig(?:-$extra_orig_namepart_re)?};
our $orig_f_sig_re = '\\.(?:asc|gpg|pgp)';
our $orig_f_tail_re = "$orig_f_comp_re\\.tar(?:\\.\\w+)?(?:$orig_f_sig_re)?";

our $git_authline_re = '^([^<>]+) \<(\S+)\> (\d+ [-+]\d+)$';
our $splitbraincache = 'dgit-intern/quilt-cache';
our $rewritemap = 'dgit-rewrite/map';

our @dpkg_source_ignores = qw(-i(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$) -I.git);

our (@git) = qw(git);
our (@dget) = qw(dget);
our (@curl) = (qw(curl --proto-redir), '-all,http,https', qw(-L));
our (@dput) = qw(dput);
our (@debsign) = qw(debsign);
our (@gpg) = qw(gpg);
our (@sbuild) = qw(sbuild);
our (@ssh) = 'ssh';
our (@dgit) = qw(dgit);
our (@git_debrebase) = qw(git-debrebase);
our (@aptget) = qw(apt-get);
our (@aptcache) = qw(apt-cache);
our (@dpkgbuildpackage) = (qw(dpkg-buildpackage), @dpkg_source_ignores);
our (@dpkgsource) = (qw(dpkg-source), @dpkg_source_ignores);
our (@dpkggenchanges) = qw(dpkg-genchanges);
our (@mergechanges) = qw(mergechanges -f);
our (@gbp_build) = ('');
our (@gbp_pq) = ('gbp pq');
our (@changesopts) = ('');

our %opts_opt_map = ('dget' => \@dget, # accept for compatibility
                     'curl' => \@curl,
                     'dput' => \@dput,
                     'debsign' => \@debsign,
                     'gpg' => \@gpg,
                     'sbuild' => \@sbuild,
                     'ssh' => \@ssh,
                     'dgit' => \@dgit,
                     'git' => \@git,
                     'git-debrebase' => \@git_debrebase,
                     'apt-get' => \@aptget,
                     'apt-cache' => \@aptcache,
                     'dpkg-source' => \@dpkgsource,
                     'dpkg-buildpackage' => \@dpkgbuildpackage,
                     'dpkg-genchanges' => \@dpkggenchanges,
                     'gbp-build' => \@gbp_build,
                     'gbp-pq' => \@gbp_pq,
                     'ch' => \@changesopts,
                     'mergechanges' => \@mergechanges);

our %opts_opt_cmdonly = ('gpg' => 1, 'git' => 1);
our %opts_cfg_insertpos = map {
    $_,
    scalar @{ $opts_opt_map{$_} }
} keys %opts_opt_map;

sub parseopts_late_defaults();
sub setup_gitattrs(;$);
sub check_gitattrs($$);

our $playground;
our $keyid;

autoflush STDOUT 1;

our $supplementary_message = '';
our $need_split_build_invocation = 0;
our $split_brain = 0;

END {
    local ($@, $?);
    return unless forkcheck_mainprocess();
    print STDERR "! $_\n" foreach $supplementary_message =~ m/^.+$/mg;
}

our $remotename = 'dgit';
our @ourdscfield = qw(Dgit Vcs-Dgit-Master);
our $csuite;
our $instead_distro;

if (!defined $absurdity) {
    $absurdity = $0;
    $absurdity =~ s{/[^/]+$}{/absurd} or die;
}

sub debiantag ($$) {
    my ($v,$distro) = @_;
    return $tagformatfn->($v, $distro);
}

sub debiantag_maintview ($$) { 
    my ($v,$distro) = @_;
    return "$distro/".dep14_version_mangle $v;
}

sub madformat ($) { $_[0] eq '3.0 (quilt)' }

sub lbranch () { return "$branchprefix/$csuite"; }
my $lbranch_re = '^refs/heads/'.$branchprefix.'/([^/.]+)$';
sub lref () { return "refs/heads/".lbranch(); }
sub lrref () { return "refs/remotes/$remotename/".server_branch($csuite); }
sub rrref () { return server_ref($csuite); }

sub stripepoch ($) {
    my ($vsn) = @_;
    $vsn =~ s/^\d+\://;
    return $vsn;
}

sub srcfn ($$) {
    my ($vsn,$sfx) = @_;
    return "${package}_".(stripepoch $vsn).$sfx
}

sub dscfn ($) {
    my ($vsn) = @_;
    return srcfn($vsn,".dsc");
}

sub changespat ($;$) {
    my ($vsn, $arch) = @_;
    return "${package}_".(stripepoch $vsn)."_".($arch//'*').".changes";
}

sub upstreamversion ($) {
    my ($vsn) = @_;
    $vsn =~ s/-[^-]+$//;
    return $vsn;
}

our $us = 'dgit';
initdebug('');

our @end;
END { 
    local ($?);
    return unless forkcheck_mainprocess();
    foreach my $f (@end) {
        eval { $f->(); };
        print STDERR "$us: cleanup: $@" if length $@;
    }
};

sub badcfg { print STDERR "$us: invalid configuration: @_\n"; finish 12; }

sub forceable_fail ($$) {
    my ($forceoptsl, $msg) = @_;
    fail $msg unless grep { $forceopts{$_} } @$forceoptsl;
    print STDERR "warning: overriding problem due to --force:\n". $msg;
}

sub forceing ($) {
    my ($forceoptsl) = @_;
    my @got = grep { $forceopts{$_} } @$forceoptsl;
    return 0 unless @got;
    print STDERR
 "warning: skipping checks or functionality due to --force-$got[0]\n";
}

sub no_such_package () {
    print STDERR "$us: package $package does not exist in suite $isuite\n";
    finish 4;
}

sub deliberately ($) {
    my ($enquiry) = @_;
    return !!grep { $_ eq "--deliberately-$enquiry" } @deliberatelies;
}

sub deliberately_not_fast_forward () {
    foreach (qw(not-fast-forward fresh-repo)) {
        return 1 if deliberately($_) || deliberately("TEST-dgit-only-$_");
    }
}

sub quiltmode_splitbrain () {
    $quilt_mode =~ m/gbp|dpm|unapplied/;
}

sub opts_opt_multi_cmd {
    my @cmd;
    push @cmd, split /\s+/, shift @_;
    push @cmd, @_;
    @cmd;
}

sub gbp_pq {
    return opts_opt_multi_cmd @gbp_pq;
}

sub dgit_privdir () {
    our $dgit_privdir_made //= ensure_a_playground 'dgit';
}

sub branch_gdr_info ($$) {
    my ($symref, $head) = @_;
    my ($status, $msg, $current, $ffq_prev, $gdrlast) =
        gdr_ffq_prev_branchinfo($symref);
    return () unless $status eq 'branch';
    $ffq_prev = git_get_ref $ffq_prev;
    $gdrlast  = git_get_ref $gdrlast;
    $gdrlast &&= is_fast_fwd $gdrlast, $head;
    return ($ffq_prev, $gdrlast);
}

sub branch_is_gdr ($$) {
    my ($symref, $head) = @_;
    my ($ffq_prev, $gdrlast) = branch_gdr_info($symref, $head);
    return 0 unless $ffq_prev || $gdrlast;
    return 1;
}

sub branch_is_gdr_unstitched_ff ($$$) {
    my ($symref, $head, $ancestor) = @_;
    my ($ffq_prev, $gdrlast) = branch_gdr_info($symref, $head);
    return 0 unless $ffq_prev;
    return 0 unless is_fast_fwd $ancestor, $ffq_prev;
    return 1;
}

#---------- remote protocol support, common ----------

# remote push initiator/responder protocol:
#  $ dgit remote-push-build-host <n-rargs> <rargs>... <push-args>...
#  where <rargs> is <push-host-dir> <supported-proto-vsn>,... ...
#  < dgit-remote-push-ready <actual-proto-vsn>
#
# occasionally:
#
#  > progress NBYTES
#  [NBYTES message]
#
#  > supplementary-message NBYTES          # $protovsn >= 3
#  [NBYTES message]
#
# main sequence:
#
#  > file parsed-changelog
#  [indicates that output of dpkg-parsechangelog follows]
#  > data-block NBYTES
#  > [NBYTES bytes of data (no newline)]
#  [maybe some more blocks]
#  > data-end
#
#  > file dsc
#  [etc]
#
#  > file changes
#  [etc]
#
#  > param head DGIT-VIEW-HEAD
#  > param csuite SUITE
#  > param tagformat old|new
#  > param maint-view MAINT-VIEW-HEAD
#
#  > param buildinfo-filename P_V_X.buildinfo   # zero or more times
#  > file buildinfo                             # for buildinfos to sign
#
#  > previously REFNAME=OBJNAME       # if --deliberately-not-fast-forward
#                                     # goes into tag, for replay prevention
#
#  > want signed-tag
#  [indicates that signed tag is wanted]
#  < data-block NBYTES
#  < [NBYTES bytes of data (no newline)]
#  [maybe some more blocks]
#  < data-end
#  < files-end
#
#  > want signed-dsc-changes
#  < data-block NBYTES    [transfer of signed dsc]
#  [etc]
#  < data-block NBYTES    [transfer of signed changes]
#  [etc]
#  < data-block NBYTES    [transfer of each signed buildinfo
#  [etc]                   same number and order as "file buildinfo"]
#  ...
#  < files-end
#
#  > complete

our $i_child_pid;

sub i_child_report () {
    # Sees if our child has died, and reap it if so.  Returns a string
    # describing how it died if it failed, or undef otherwise.
    return undef unless $i_child_pid;
    my $got = waitpid $i_child_pid, WNOHANG;
    return undef if $got <= 0;
    die unless $got == $i_child_pid;
    $i_child_pid = undef;
    return undef unless $?;
    return "build host child ".waitstatusmsg();
}

sub badproto ($$) {
    my ($fh, $m) = @_;
    fail "connection lost: $!" if $fh->error;
    fail "protocol violation; $m not expected";
}

sub badproto_badread ($$) {
    my ($fh, $wh) = @_;
    fail "connection lost: $!" if $!;
    my $report = i_child_report();
    fail $report if defined $report;
    badproto $fh, "eof (reading $wh)";
}

sub protocol_expect (&$) {
    my ($match, $fh) = @_;
    local $_;
    $_ = <$fh>;
    defined && chomp or badproto_badread $fh, "protocol message";
    if (wantarray) {
        my @r = &$match;
        return @r if @r;
    } else {
        my $r = &$match;
        return $r if $r;
    }
    badproto $fh, "\`$_'";
}

sub protocol_send_file ($$) {
    my ($fh, $ourfn) = @_;
    open PF, "<", $ourfn or die "$ourfn: $!";
    for (;;) {
        my $d;
        my $got = read PF, $d, 65536;
        die "$ourfn: $!" unless defined $got;
        last if !$got;
        print $fh "data-block ".length($d)."\n" or die $!;
        print $fh $d or die $!;
    }
    PF->error and die "$ourfn $!";
    print $fh "data-end\n" or die $!;
    close PF;
}

sub protocol_read_bytes ($$) {
    my ($fh, $nbytes) = @_;
    $nbytes =~ m/^[1-9]\d{0,5}$|^0$/ or badproto \*RO, "bad byte count";
    my $d;
    my $got = read $fh, $d, $nbytes;
    $got==$nbytes or badproto_badread $fh, "data block";
    return $d;
}

sub protocol_receive_file ($$) {
    my ($fh, $ourfn) = @_;
    printdebug "() $ourfn\n";
    open PF, ">", $ourfn or die "$ourfn: $!";
    for (;;) {
        my ($y,$l) = protocol_expect {
            m/^data-block (.*)$/ ? (1,$1) :
            m/^data-end$/ ? (0,) :
            ();
        } $fh;
        last unless $y;
        my $d = protocol_read_bytes $fh, $l;
        print PF $d or die $!;
    }
    close PF or die $!;
}

#---------- remote protocol support, responder ----------

sub responder_send_command ($) {
    my ($command) = @_;
    return unless $we_are_responder;
    # called even without $we_are_responder
    printdebug ">> $command\n";
    print PO $command, "\n" or die $!;
}    

sub responder_send_file ($$) {
    my ($keyword, $ourfn) = @_;
    return unless $we_are_responder;
    printdebug "]] $keyword $ourfn\n";
    responder_send_command "file $keyword";
    protocol_send_file \*PO, $ourfn;
}

sub responder_receive_files ($@) {
    my ($keyword, @ourfns) = @_;
    die unless $we_are_responder;
    printdebug "[[ $keyword @ourfns\n";
    responder_send_command "want $keyword";
    foreach my $fn (@ourfns) {
        protocol_receive_file \*PI, $fn;
    }
    printdebug "[[\$\n";
    protocol_expect { m/^files-end$/ } \*PI;
}

#---------- remote protocol support, initiator ----------

sub initiator_expect (&) {
    my ($match) = @_;
    protocol_expect { &$match } \*RO;
}

#---------- end remote code ----------

sub progress {
    if ($we_are_responder) {
        my $m = join '', @_;
        responder_send_command "progress ".length($m) or die $!;
        print PO $m or die $!;
    } else {
        print @_, "\n";
    }
}

our $ua;

sub url_get {
    if (!$ua) {
        $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
        $ua->env_proxy;
    }
    my $what = $_[$#_];
    progress "downloading $what...";
    my $r = $ua->get(@_) or die $!;
    return undef if $r->code == 404;
    $r->is_success or fail "failed to fetch $what: ".$r->status_line;
    return $r->decoded_content(charset => 'none');
}

our ($dscdata,$dscurl,$dsc,$dsc_checked,$skew_warning_vsn);

sub act_local () { return $dryrun_level <= 1; }
sub act_scary () { return !$dryrun_level; }

sub printdone {
    if (!$dryrun_level) {
        progress "$us ok: @_";
    } else {
        progress "would be ok: @_ (but dry run only)";
    }
}

sub dryrun_report {
    printcmd(\*STDERR,$debugprefix."#",@_);
}

sub runcmd_ordryrun {
    if (act_scary()) {
        runcmd @_;
    } else {
        dryrun_report @_;
    }
}

sub runcmd_ordryrun_local {
    if (act_local()) {
        runcmd @_;
    } else {
        dryrun_report @_;
    }
}

our $helpmsg = <<END;
main usages:
  dgit [dgit-opts] clone [dgit-opts] package [suite] [./dir|/dir]
  dgit [dgit-opts] fetch|pull [dgit-opts] [suite]
  dgit [dgit-opts] build [dpkg-buildpackage-opts]
  dgit [dgit-opts] sbuild [sbuild-opts]
  dgit [dgit-opts] push [dgit-opts] [suite]
  dgit [dgit-opts] push-source [dgit-opts] [suite]
  dgit [dgit-opts] rpush build-host:build-dir ...
important dgit options:
  -k<keyid>           sign tag and package with <keyid> instead of default
  --dry-run -n        do not change anything, but go through the motions
  --damp-run -L       like --dry-run but make local changes, without signing
  --new -N            allow introducing a new package
  --debug -D          increase debug level
  -c<name>=<value>    set git config option (used directly by dgit too)
END

our $later_warning_msg = <<END;
Perhaps the upload is stuck in incoming.  Using the version from git.
END

sub badusage {
    print STDERR "$us: @_\n", $helpmsg or die $!;
    finish 8;
}

sub nextarg {
    @ARGV or badusage "too few arguments";
    return scalar shift @ARGV;
}

sub pre_help () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_help () {
    print $helpmsg or die $!;
    finish 0;
}

our $td = $ENV{DGIT_TEST_DUMMY_DIR} || "DGIT_TEST_DUMMY_DIR-unset";

our %defcfg = ('dgit.default.distro' => 'debian',
               'dgit.default.default-suite' => 'unstable',
               'dgit.default.old-dsc-distro' => 'debian',
               'dgit-suite.*-security.distro' => 'debian-security',
               'dgit.default.username' => '',
               'dgit.default.archive-query-default-component' => 'main',
               'dgit.default.ssh' => 'ssh',
               'dgit.default.archive-query' => 'madison:',
               'dgit.default.sshpsql-dbname' => 'service=projectb',
               'dgit.default.aptget-components' => 'main',
               'dgit.default.dgit-tag-format' => 'new,old,maint',
               'dgit.dsc-url-proto-ok.http'    => 'true',
               'dgit.dsc-url-proto-ok.https'   => 'true',
               'dgit.dsc-url-proto-ok.git'     => 'true',
               'dgit.vcs-git.suites',          => 'sid', # ;-separated
               'dgit.default.dsc-url-proto-ok' => 'false',
               # old means "repo server accepts pushes with old dgit tags"
               # new means "repo server accepts pushes with new dgit tags"
               # maint means "repo server accepts split brain pushes"
               # hist means "repo server may have old pushes without new tag"
               #   ("hist" is implied by "old")
               'dgit-distro.debian.archive-query' => 'ftpmasterapi:',
               'dgit-distro.debian.git-check' => 'url',
               'dgit-distro.debian.git-check-suffix' => '/info/refs',
               'dgit-distro.debian.new-private-pushers' => 't',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-url' => '',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-host' => 'push.dgit.debian.org',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-user-force' => 'dgit',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-proto' => 'git+ssh://',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-path' => '/dgit/debian/repos',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-create' => 'true',
               'dgit-distro.debian/push.git-check' => 'ssh-cmd',
 'dgit-distro.debian.archive-query-url', 'https://api.ftp-master.debian.org/',
# 'dgit-distro.debian.archive-query-tls-key',
#    '/etc/ssl/certs/%HOST%.pem:/etc/dgit/%HOST%.pem',
# ^ this does not work because curl is broken nowadays
# Fixing #790093 properly will involve providing providing the key
# in some pacagke and maybe updating these paths.
#
# 'dgit-distro.debian.archive-query-tls-curl-args',
#   '--ca-path=/etc/ssl/ca-debian',
# ^ this is a workaround but works (only) on DSA-administered machines
               'dgit-distro.debian.git-url' => 'https://git.dgit.debian.org',
               'dgit-distro.debian.git-url-suffix' => '',
               'dgit-distro.debian.upload-host' => 'ftp-master', # for dput
               'dgit-distro.debian.mirror' => 'http://ftp.debian.org/debian/',
 'dgit-distro.debian-security.archive-query' => 'aptget:',
 'dgit-distro.debian-security.mirror' => 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security/',
 'dgit-distro.debian-security.aptget-suite-map' => 's#-security$#/updates#',
 'dgit-distro.debian-security.aptget-suite-rmap' => 's#$#-security#',
 'dgit-distro.debian-security.nominal-distro' => 'debian',
 'dgit-distro.debian.backports-quirk' => '(squeeze)-backports*',
 'dgit-distro.debian-backports.mirror' => 'http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/',
               'dgit-distro.ubuntu.git-check' => 'false',
 'dgit-distro.ubuntu.mirror' => 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu',
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.ssh' => "$td/ssh",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.username' => "alice",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.git-check' => "ssh-cmd",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.git-create' => "ssh-cmd",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.git-url' => "$td/git",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.git-host' => "git",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.git-path' => "$td/git",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.archive-query' => "dummycatapi:",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.archive-query-url' => "file://$td/aq/",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.mirror' => "file://$td/mirror/",
               'dgit-distro.test-dummy.upload-host' => 'test-dummy',
               );

our %gitcfgs;
our @gitcfgsources = qw(cmdline local global system);
our $invoked_in_git_tree = 1;

sub git_slurp_config () {
    # This algoritm is a bit subtle, but this is needed so that for
    # options which we want to be single-valued, we allow the
    # different config sources to override properly.  See #835858.
    foreach my $src (@gitcfgsources) {
        next if $src eq 'cmdline';
        # we do this ourselves since git doesn't handle it

        $gitcfgs{$src} = git_slurp_config_src $src;
    }
}

sub git_get_config ($) {
    my ($c) = @_;
    foreach my $src (@gitcfgsources) {
        my $l = $gitcfgs{$src}{$c};
        confess "internal error ($l $c)" if $l && !ref $l;
        printdebug"C $c ".(defined $l ?
                           join " ", map { messagequote "'$_'" } @$l :
                           "undef")."\n"
            if $debuglevel >= 4;
        $l or next;
        @$l==1 or badcfg "multiple values for $c".
            " (in $src git config)" if @$l > 1;
        return $l->[0];
    }
    return undef;
}

sub cfg {
    foreach my $c (@_) {
        return undef if $c =~ /RETURN-UNDEF/;
        printdebug "C? $c\n" if $debuglevel >= 5;
        my $v = git_get_config($c);
        return $v if defined $v;
        my $dv = $defcfg{$c};
        if (defined $dv) {
            printdebug "CD $c $dv\n" if $debuglevel >= 4;
            return $dv;
        }
    }
    badcfg "need value for one of: @_\n".
        "$us: distro or suite appears not to be (properly) supported";
}

sub not_necessarily_a_tree () {
    # needs to be called from pre_*
    @gitcfgsources = grep { $_ ne 'local' } @gitcfgsources;
    $invoked_in_git_tree = 0;
}

sub access_basedistro__noalias () {
    if (defined $idistro) {
        return $idistro;
    } else {    
        my $def = cfg("dgit-suite.$isuite.distro", 'RETURN-UNDEF');
        return $def if defined $def;
        foreach my $src (@gitcfgsources, 'internal') {
            my $kl = $src eq 'internal' ? \%defcfg : $gitcfgs{$src};
            next unless $kl;
            foreach my $k (keys %$kl) {
                next unless $k =~ m#^dgit-suite\.(.*)\.distro$#;
                my $dpat = $1;
                next unless match_glob $dpat, $isuite;
                return $kl->{$k};
            }
        }
        return cfg("dgit.default.distro");
    }
}

sub access_basedistro () {
    my $noalias = access_basedistro__noalias();
    my $canon = cfg("dgit-distro.$noalias.alias-canon",'RETURN-UNDEF');
    return $canon // $noalias;
}

sub access_nomdistro () {
    my $base = access_basedistro();
    my $r = cfg("dgit-distro.$base.nominal-distro",'RETURN-UNDEF') // $base;
    $r =~ m/^$distro_re$/ or badcfg
 "bad syntax for (nominal) distro \`$r' (does not match /^$distro_re$/)";
    return $r;
}

sub access_quirk () {
    # returns (quirk name, distro to use instead or undef, quirk-specific info)
    my $basedistro = access_basedistro();
    my $backports_quirk = cfg("dgit-distro.$basedistro.backports-quirk",
                              'RETURN-UNDEF');
    if (defined $backports_quirk) {
        my $re = $backports_quirk;
        $re =~ s/[^-0-9a-z_\%*()]/\\$&/ig;
        $re =~ s/\*/.*/g;
        $re =~ s/\%/([-0-9a-z_]+)/
            or $re =~ m/[()]/ or badcfg "backports-quirk needs \% or ( )";
        if ($isuite =~ m/^$re$/) {
            return ('backports',"$basedistro-backports",$1);
        }
    }
    return ('none',undef);
}

our $access_forpush;

sub parse_cfg_bool ($$$) {
    my ($what,$def,$v) = @_;
    $v //= $def;
    return
        $v =~ m/^[ty1]/ ? 1 :
        $v =~ m/^[fn0]/ ? 0 :
        badcfg "$what needs t (true, y, 1) or f (false, n, 0) not \`$v'";
}       

sub access_forpush_config () {
    my $d = access_basedistro();

    return 1 if
        $new_package &&
        parse_cfg_bool('new-private-pushers', 0,
                       cfg("dgit-distro.$d.new-private-pushers",
                           'RETURN-UNDEF'));

    my $v = cfg("dgit-distro.$d.readonly", 'RETURN-UNDEF');
    $v //= 'a';
    return
        $v =~ m/^[ty1]/ ? 0 : # force readonly,    forpush = 0
        $v =~ m/^[fn0]/ ? 1 : # force nonreadonly, forpush = 1
        $v =~ m/^[a]/  ? '' : # auto,              forpush = ''
        badcfg "readonly needs t (true, y, 1) or f (false, n, 0) or a (auto)";
}

sub access_forpush () {
    $access_forpush //= access_forpush_config();
    return $access_forpush;
}

sub pushing () {
    die "$access_forpush ?" if ($access_forpush // 1) ne 1;
    badcfg "pushing but distro is configured readonly"
        if access_forpush_config() eq '0';
    $access_forpush = 1;
    $supplementary_message = <<'END' unless $we_are_responder;
Push failed, before we got started.
You can retry the push, after fixing the problem, if you like.
END
    parseopts_late_defaults();
}

sub notpushing () {
    parseopts_late_defaults();
}

sub supplementary_message ($) {
    my ($msg) = @_;
    if (!$we_are_responder) {
        $supplementary_message = $msg;
        return;
    } elsif ($protovsn >= 3) {
        responder_send_command "supplementary-message ".length($msg)
            or die $!;
        print PO $msg or die $!;
    }
}

sub access_distros () {
    # Returns list of distros to try, in order
    #
    # We want to try:
    #    0. `instead of' distro name(s) we have been pointed to
    #    1. the access_quirk distro, if any
    #    2a. the user's specified distro, or failing that  } basedistro
    #    2b. the distro calculated from the suite          }
    my @l = access_basedistro();

    my (undef,$quirkdistro) = access_quirk();
    unshift @l, $quirkdistro;
    unshift @l, $instead_distro;
    @l = grep { defined } @l;

    push @l, access_nomdistro();

    if (access_forpush()) {
        @l = map { ("$_/push", $_) } @l;
    }
    @l;
}

sub access_cfg_cfgs (@) {
    my (@keys) = @_;
    my @cfgs;
    # The nesting of these loops determines the search order.  We put
    # the key loop on the outside so that we search all the distros
    # for each key, before going on to the next key.  That means that
    # if access_cfg is called with a more specific, and then a less
    # specific, key, an earlier distro can override the less specific
    # without necessarily overriding any more specific keys.  (If the
    # distro wants to override the more specific keys it can simply do
    # so; whereas if we did the loop the other way around, it would be
    # impossible to for an earlier distro to override a less specific
    # key but not the more specific ones without restating the unknown
    # values of the more specific keys.
    my @realkeys;
    my @rundef;
    # We have to deal with RETURN-UNDEF specially, so that we don't
    # terminate the search prematurely.
    foreach (@keys) {
        if (m/RETURN-UNDEF/) { push @rundef, $_; last; }
        push @realkeys, $_
    }
    foreach my $d (access_distros()) {
        push @cfgs, map { "dgit-distro.$d.$_" } @realkeys;
    }
    push @cfgs, map { "dgit.default.$_" } @realkeys;
    push @cfgs, @rundef;
    return @cfgs;
}

sub access_cfg (@) {
    my (@keys) = @_;
    my (@cfgs) = access_cfg_cfgs(@keys);
    my $value = cfg(@cfgs);
    return $value;
}

sub access_cfg_bool ($$) {
    my ($def, @keys) = @_;
    parse_cfg_bool($keys[0], $def, access_cfg(@keys, 'RETURN-UNDEF'));
}

sub string_to_ssh ($) {
    my ($spec) = @_;
    if ($spec =~ m/\s/) {
        return qw(sh -ec), 'exec '.$spec.' "$@"', 'x';
    } else {
        return ($spec);
    }
}

sub access_cfg_ssh () {
    my $gitssh = access_cfg('ssh', 'RETURN-UNDEF');
    if (!defined $gitssh) {
        return @ssh;
    } else {
        return string_to_ssh $gitssh;
    }
}

sub access_runeinfo ($) {
    my ($info) = @_;
    return ": dgit ".access_basedistro()." $info ;";
}

sub access_someuserhost ($) {
    my ($some) = @_;
    my $user = access_cfg("$some-user-force", 'RETURN-UNDEF');
    defined($user) && length($user) or
        $user = access_cfg("$some-user",'username');
    my $host = access_cfg("$some-host");
    return length($user) ? "$user\@$host" : $host;
}

sub access_gituserhost () {
    return access_someuserhost('git');
}

sub access_giturl (;$) {
    my ($optional) = @_;
    my $url = access_cfg('git-url','RETURN-UNDEF');
    my $suffix;
    if (!length $url) {
        my $proto = access_cfg('git-proto', 'RETURN-UNDEF');
        return undef unless defined $proto;
        $url =
            $proto.
            access_gituserhost().
            access_cfg('git-path');
    } else {
        $suffix = access_cfg('git-url-suffix','RETURN-UNDEF');
    }
    $suffix //= '.git';
    return "$url/$package$suffix";
}              

sub parsecontrolfh ($$;$) {
    my ($fh, $desc, $allowsigned) = @_;
    our $dpkgcontrolhash_noissigned;
    my $c;
    for (;;) {
        my %opts = ('name' => $desc);
        $opts{allow_pgp}= $allowsigned || !$dpkgcontrolhash_noissigned;
        $c = Dpkg::Control::Hash->new(%opts);
        $c->parse($fh,$desc) or die "parsing of $desc failed";
        last if $allowsigned;
        last if $dpkgcontrolhash_noissigned;
        my $issigned= $c->get_option('is_pgp_signed');
        if (!defined $issigned) {
            $dpkgcontrolhash_noissigned= 1;
            seek $fh, 0,0 or die "seek $desc: $!";
        } elsif ($issigned) {
            fail "control file $desc is (already) PGP-signed. ".
                " Note that dgit push needs to modify the .dsc and then".
                " do the signature itself";
        } else {
            last;
        }
    }
    return $c;
}

sub parsecontrol {
    my ($file, $desc, $allowsigned) = @_;
    my $fh = new IO::Handle;
    open $fh, '<', $file or die "$file: $!";
    my $c = parsecontrolfh($fh,$desc,$allowsigned);
    $fh->error and die $!;
    close $fh;
    return $c;
}

sub getfield ($$) {
    my ($dctrl,$field) = @_;
    my $v = $dctrl->{$field};
    return $v if defined $v;
    fail "missing field $field in ".$dctrl->get_option('name');
}

sub parsechangelog {
    my $c = Dpkg::Control::Hash->new(name => 'parsed changelog');
    my $p = new IO::Handle;
    my @cmd = (qw(dpkg-parsechangelog), @_);
    open $p, '-|', @cmd or die $!;
    $c->parse($p);
    $?=0; $!=0; close $p or failedcmd @cmd;
    return $c;
}

sub commit_getclogp ($) {
    # Returns the parsed changelog hashref for a particular commit
    my ($objid) = @_;
    our %commit_getclogp_memo;
    my $memo = $commit_getclogp_memo{$objid};
    return $memo if $memo;

    my $mclog = dgit_privdir()."clog";
    runcmd shell_cmd "exec >$mclog", @git, qw(cat-file blob),
        "$objid:debian/changelog";
    $commit_getclogp_memo{$objid} = parsechangelog("-l$mclog");
}

sub parse_dscdata () {
    my $dscfh = new IO::File \$dscdata, '<' or die $!;
    printdebug Dumper($dscdata) if $debuglevel>1;
    $dsc = parsecontrolfh($dscfh,$dscurl,1);
    printdebug Dumper($dsc) if $debuglevel>1;
}

our %rmad;

sub archive_query ($;@) {
    my ($method) = shift @_;
    fail "this operation does not support multiple comma-separated suites"
        if $isuite =~ m/,/;
    my $query = access_cfg('archive-query','RETURN-UNDEF');
    $query =~ s/^(\w+):// or badcfg "invalid archive-query method \`$query'";
    my $proto = $1;
    my $data = $'; #';
    { no strict qw(refs); &{"${method}_${proto}"}($proto,$data,@_); }
}

sub archive_query_prepend_mirror {
    my $m = access_cfg('mirror');
    return map { [ $_->[0], $m.$_->[1], @$_[2..$#$_] ] } @_;
}

sub pool_dsc_subpath ($$) {
    my ($vsn,$component) = @_; # $package is implict arg
    my $prefix = substr($package, 0, $package =~ m/^l/ ? 4 : 1);
    return "/pool/$component/$prefix/$package/".dscfn($vsn);
}

sub cfg_apply_map ($$$) {
    my ($varref, $what, $mapspec) = @_;
    return unless $mapspec;

    printdebug "config $what EVAL{ $mapspec; }\n";
    $_ = $$varref;
    eval "package Dgit::Config; $mapspec;";
    die $@ if $@;
    $$varref = $_;
}

#---------- `ftpmasterapi' archive query method (nascent) ----------

sub archive_api_query_cmd ($) {
    my ($subpath) = @_;
    my @cmd = (@curl, qw(-sS));
    my $url = access_cfg('archive-query-url');
    if ($url =~ m#^https://([-.0-9a-z]+)/#) {
        my $host = $1;
        my $keys = access_cfg('archive-query-tls-key','RETURN-UNDEF') //'';
        foreach my $key (split /\:/, $keys) {
            $key =~ s/\%HOST\%/$host/g;
            if (!stat $key) {
                fail "for $url: stat $key: $!" unless $!==ENOENT;
                next;
            }
            fail "config requested specific TLS key but do not know".
                " how to get curl to use exactly that EE key ($key)";
#           push @cmd, "--cacert", $key, "--capath", "/dev/enoent";
#           # Sadly the above line does not work because of changes
#           # to gnutls.   The real fix for #790093 may involve
#           # new curl options.
            last;
        }
        # Fixing #790093 properly will involve providing a value
        # for this on clients.
        my $kargs = access_cfg('archive-query-tls-curl-ca-args','RETURN-UNDEF');
        push @cmd, split / /, $kargs if defined $kargs;
    }
    push @cmd, $url.$subpath;
    return @cmd;
}

sub api_query ($$;$) {
    use JSON;
    my ($data, $subpath, $ok404) = @_;
    badcfg "ftpmasterapi archive query method takes no data part"
        if length $data;
    my @cmd = archive_api_query_cmd($subpath);
    my $url = $cmd[$#cmd];
    push @cmd, qw(-w %{http_code});
    my $json = cmdoutput @cmd;
    unless ($json =~ s/\d+\d+\d$//) {
        failedcmd_report_cmd undef, @cmd;
        fail "curl failed to print 3-digit HTTP code";
    }
    my $code = $&;
    return undef if $code eq '404' && $ok404;
    fail "fetch of $url gave HTTP code $code"
        unless $url =~ m#^file://# or $code =~ m/^2/;
    return decode_json($json);
}

sub canonicalise_suite_ftpmasterapi {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    my $suites = api_query($data, 'suites');
    my @matched;
    foreach my $entry (@$suites) {
        next unless grep { 
            my $v = $entry->{$_};
            defined $v && $v eq $isuite;
        } qw(codename name);
        push @matched, $entry;
    }
    fail "unknown suite $isuite" unless @matched;
    my $cn;
    eval {
        @matched==1 or die "multiple matches for suite $isuite\n";
        $cn = "$matched[0]{codename}";
        defined $cn or die "suite $isuite info has no codename\n";
        $cn =~ m/^$suite_re$/ or die "suite $isuite maps to bad codename\n";
    };
    die "bad ftpmaster api response: $@\n".Dumper(\@matched)
        if length $@;
    return $cn;
}

sub archive_query_ftpmasterapi {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    my $info = api_query($data, "dsc_in_suite/$isuite/$package");
    my @rows;
    my $digester = Digest::SHA->new(256);
    foreach my $entry (@$info) {
        eval {
            my $vsn = "$entry->{version}";
            my ($ok,$msg) = version_check $vsn;
            die "bad version: $msg\n" unless $ok;
            my $component = "$entry->{component}";
            $component =~ m/^$component_re$/ or die "bad component";
            my $filename = "$entry->{filename}";
            $filename && $filename !~ m#[^-+:._~0-9a-zA-Z/]|^[/.]|/[/.]#
                or die "bad filename";
            my $sha256sum = "$entry->{sha256sum}";
            $sha256sum =~ m/^[0-9a-f]+$/ or die "bad sha256sum";
            push @rows, [ $vsn, "/pool/$component/$filename",
                          $digester, $sha256sum ];
        };
        die "bad ftpmaster api response: $@\n".Dumper($entry)
            if length $@;
    }
    @rows = sort { -version_compare($a->[0],$b->[0]) } @rows;
    return archive_query_prepend_mirror @rows;
}

sub file_in_archive_ftpmasterapi {
    my ($proto,$data,$filename) = @_;
    my $pat = $filename;
    $pat =~ s/_/\\_/g;
    $pat = "%/$pat";
    $pat =~ s#[^-+_.0-9a-z/]# sprintf '%%%02x', ord $& #ge;
    my $info = api_query($data, "file_in_archive/$pat", 1);
}

#---------- `aptget' archive query method ----------

our $aptget_base;
our $aptget_releasefile;
our $aptget_configpath;

sub aptget_aptget   () { return @aptget,   qw(-c), $aptget_configpath; }
sub aptget_aptcache () { return @aptcache, qw(-c), $aptget_configpath; }

sub aptget_cache_clean {
    runcmd_ordryrun_local qw(sh -ec),
        'cd "$1"; find -atime +30 -type f -print0 | xargs -0r rm --',
        'x', $aptget_base;
}

sub aptget_lock_acquire () {
    my $lockfile = "$aptget_base/lock";
    open APTGET_LOCK, '>', $lockfile or die "open $lockfile: $!";
    flock APTGET_LOCK, LOCK_EX or die "lock $lockfile: $!";
}

sub aptget_prep ($) {
    my ($data) = @_;
    return if defined $aptget_base;

    badcfg "aptget archive query method takes no data part"
        if length $data;

    my $cache = $ENV{XDG_CACHE_DIR} // "$ENV{HOME}/.cache";

    ensuredir $cache;
    ensuredir "$cache/dgit";
    my $cachekey =
        access_cfg('aptget-cachekey','RETURN-UNDEF')
        // access_nomdistro();

    $aptget_base = "$cache/dgit/aptget";
    ensuredir $aptget_base;

    my $quoted_base = $aptget_base;
    die "$quoted_base contains bad chars, cannot continue"
        if $quoted_base =~ m/["\\]/; # apt.conf(5) says no escaping :-/

    ensuredir $aptget_base;

    aptget_lock_acquire();

    aptget_cache_clean();

    $aptget_configpath = "$aptget_base/apt.conf#$cachekey";
    my $sourceslist = "source.list#$cachekey";

    my $aptsuites = $isuite;
    cfg_apply_map(\$aptsuites, 'suite map',
                  access_cfg('aptget-suite-map', 'RETURN-UNDEF'));

    open SRCS, ">", "$aptget_base/$sourceslist" or die $!;
    printf SRCS "deb-src %s %s %s\n",
        access_cfg('mirror'),
        $aptsuites,
        access_cfg('aptget-components')
        or die $!;

    ensuredir "$aptget_base/cache";
    ensuredir "$aptget_base/lists";

    open CONF, ">", $aptget_configpath or die $!;
    print CONF <<END;
Debug::NoLocking "true";
APT::Get::List-Cleanup "false";
#clear APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success;
Dir::Etc::SourceList "$quoted_base/$sourceslist";
Dir::State::Lists "$quoted_base/lists";
Dir::Etc::preferences "$quoted_base/preferences";
Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache "$quoted_base/cache/srcs#$cachekey";
Dir::Cache::pkgcache "$quoted_base/cache/pkgs#$cachekey";
END

    foreach my $key (qw(
                        Dir::Cache
                        Dir::State
                        Dir::Cache::Archives
                        Dir::Etc::SourceParts
                        Dir::Etc::preferencesparts
                      )) {
        ensuredir "$aptget_base/$key";
        print CONF "$key \"$quoted_base/$key\";\n" or die $!;
    };

    my $oldatime = (time // die $!) - 1;
    foreach my $oldlist (<$aptget_base/lists/*Release>) {
        next unless stat_exists $oldlist;
        my ($mtime) = (stat _)[9];
        utime $oldatime, $mtime, $oldlist or die "$oldlist $!";
    }

    runcmd_ordryrun_local aptget_aptget(), qw(update);

    my @releasefiles;
    foreach my $oldlist (<$aptget_base/lists/*Release>) {
        next unless stat_exists $oldlist;
        my ($atime) = (stat _)[8];
        next if $atime == $oldatime;
        push @releasefiles, $oldlist;
    }
    my @inreleasefiles = grep { m#/InRelease$# } @releasefiles;
    @releasefiles = @inreleasefiles if @inreleasefiles;
    die "apt updated wrong number of Release files (@releasefiles), erk"
        unless @releasefiles == 1;

    ($aptget_releasefile) = @releasefiles;
}

sub canonicalise_suite_aptget {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    aptget_prep($data);

    my $release = parsecontrol $aptget_releasefile, "Release file", 1;

    foreach my $name (qw(Codename Suite)) {
        my $val = $release->{$name};
        if (defined $val) {
            printdebug "release file $name: $val\n";
            $val =~ m/^$suite_re$/o or fail
 "Release file ($aptget_releasefile) specifies intolerable $name";
            cfg_apply_map(\$val, 'suite rmap',
                          access_cfg('aptget-suite-rmap', 'RETURN-UNDEF'));
            return $val
        }
    }
    return $isuite;
}

sub archive_query_aptget {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    aptget_prep($data);

    ensuredir "$aptget_base/source";
    foreach my $old (<$aptget_base/source/*.dsc>) {
        unlink $old or die "$old: $!";
    }

    my $showsrc = cmdoutput aptget_aptcache(), qw(showsrc), $package;
    return () unless $showsrc =~ m/^package:\s*\Q$package\E\s*$/mi;
    # avoids apt-get source failing with ambiguous error code

    runcmd_ordryrun_local
        shell_cmd 'cd "$1"/source; shift', $aptget_base,
        aptget_aptget(), qw(--download-only --only-source source), $package;

    my @dscs = <$aptget_base/source/*.dsc>;
    fail "apt-get source did not produce a .dsc" unless @dscs;
    fail "apt-get source produced several .dscs (@dscs)" unless @dscs==1;

    my $pre_dsc = parsecontrol $dscs[0], $dscs[0], 1;

    use URI::Escape;
    my $uri = "file://". uri_escape $dscs[0];
    $uri =~ s{\%2f}{/}gi;
    return [ (getfield $pre_dsc, 'Version'), $uri ];
}

sub file_in_archive_aptget () { return undef; }

#---------- `dummyapicat' archive query method ----------

sub archive_query_dummycatapi { archive_query_ftpmasterapi @_; }
sub canonicalise_suite_dummycatapi { canonicalise_suite_ftpmasterapi @_; }

sub file_in_archive_dummycatapi ($$$) {
    my ($proto,$data,$filename) = @_;
    my $mirror = access_cfg('mirror');
    $mirror =~ s#^file://#/# or die "$mirror ?";
    my @out;
    my @cmd = (qw(sh -ec), '
            cd "$1"
            find -name "$2" -print0 |
            xargs -0r sha256sum
        ', qw(x), $mirror, $filename);
    debugcmd "-|", @cmd;
    open FIA, "-|", @cmd or die $!;
    while (<FIA>) {
        chomp or die;
        printdebug "| $_\n";
        m/^(\w+)  (\S+)$/ or die "$_ ?";
        push @out, { sha256sum => $1, filename => $2 };
    }
    close FIA or die failedcmd @cmd;
    return \@out;
}

#---------- `madison' archive query method ----------

sub archive_query_madison {
    return archive_query_prepend_mirror
        map { [ @$_[0..1] ] } madison_get_parse(@_);
}

sub madison_get_parse {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    die unless $proto eq 'madison';
    if (!length $data) {
        $data= access_cfg('madison-distro','RETURN-UNDEF');
        $data //= access_basedistro();
    }
    $rmad{$proto,$data,$package} ||= cmdoutput
        qw(rmadison -asource),"-s$isuite","-u$data",$package;
    my $rmad = $rmad{$proto,$data,$package};

    my @out;
    foreach my $l (split /\n/, $rmad) {
        $l =~ m{^ \s*( [^ \t|]+ )\s* \|
                  \s*( [^ \t|]+ )\s* \|
                  \s*( [^ \t|/]+ )(?:/([^ \t|/]+))? \s* \|
                  \s*( [^ \t|]+ )\s* }x or die "$rmad ?";
        $1 eq $package or die "$rmad $package ?";
        my $vsn = $2;
        my $newsuite = $3;
        my $component;
        if (defined $4) {
            $component = $4;
        } else {
            $component = access_cfg('archive-query-default-component');
        }
        $5 eq 'source' or die "$rmad ?";
        push @out, [$vsn,pool_dsc_subpath($vsn,$component),$newsuite];
    }
    return sort { -version_compare($a->[0],$b->[0]); } @out;
}

sub canonicalise_suite_madison {
    # madison canonicalises for us
    my @r = madison_get_parse(@_);
    @r or fail
        "unable to canonicalise suite using package $package".
        " which does not appear to exist in suite $isuite;".
        " --existing-package may help";
    return $r[0][2];
}

sub file_in_archive_madison { return undef; }

#---------- `sshpsql' archive query method ----------

sub sshpsql ($$$) {
    my ($data,$runeinfo,$sql) = @_;
    if (!length $data) {
        $data= access_someuserhost('sshpsql').':'.
            access_cfg('sshpsql-dbname');
    }
    $data =~ m/:/ or badcfg "invalid sshpsql method string \`$data'";
    my ($userhost,$dbname) = ($`,$'); #';
    my @rows;
    my @cmd = (access_cfg_ssh, $userhost,
               access_runeinfo("ssh-psql $runeinfo").
               " export LC_MESSAGES=C; export LC_CTYPE=C;".
               " ".shellquote qw(psql -A), $dbname, qw(-c), $sql);
    debugcmd "|",@cmd;
    open P, "-|", @cmd or die $!;
    while (<P>) {
        chomp or die;
        printdebug(">|$_|\n");
        push @rows, $_;
    }
    $!=0; $?=0; close P or failedcmd @cmd;
    @rows or die;
    my $nrows = pop @rows;
    $nrows =~ s/^\((\d+) rows?\)$/$1/ or die "$nrows ?";
    @rows == $nrows+1 or die "$nrows ".(scalar @rows)." ?";
    @rows = map { [ split /\|/, $_ ] } @rows;
    my $ncols = scalar @{ shift @rows };
    die if grep { scalar @$_ != $ncols } @rows;
    return @rows;
}

sub sql_injection_check {
    foreach (@_) { die "$_ $& ?" if m{[^-+=:_.,/0-9a-zA-Z]}; }
}

sub archive_query_sshpsql ($$) {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    sql_injection_check $isuite, $package;
    my @rows = sshpsql($data, "archive-query $isuite $package", <<END);
        SELECT source.version, component.name, files.filename, files.sha256sum
          FROM source
          JOIN src_associations ON source.id = src_associations.source
          JOIN suite ON suite.id = src_associations.suite
          JOIN dsc_files ON dsc_files.source = source.id
          JOIN files_archive_map ON files_archive_map.file_id = dsc_files.file
          JOIN component ON component.id = files_archive_map.component_id
          JOIN files ON files.id = dsc_files.file
         WHERE ( suite.suite_name='$isuite' OR suite.codename='$isuite' )
           AND source.source='$package'
           AND files.filename LIKE '%.dsc';
END
    @rows = sort { -version_compare($a->[0],$b->[0]) } @rows;
    my $digester = Digest::SHA->new(256);
    @rows = map {
        my ($vsn,$component,$filename,$sha256sum) = @$_;
        [ $vsn, "/pool/$component/$filename",$digester,$sha256sum ];
    } @rows;
    return archive_query_prepend_mirror @rows;
}

sub canonicalise_suite_sshpsql ($$) {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    sql_injection_check $isuite;
    my @rows = sshpsql($data, "canonicalise-suite $isuite", <<END);
        SELECT suite.codename
          FROM suite where suite_name='$isuite' or codename='$isuite';
END
    @rows = map { $_->[0] } @rows;
    fail "unknown suite $isuite" unless @rows;
    die "ambiguous $isuite: @rows ?" if @rows>1;
    return $rows[0];
}

sub file_in_archive_sshpsql ($$$) { return undef; }

#---------- `dummycat' archive query method ----------

sub canonicalise_suite_dummycat ($$) {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    my $dpath = "$data/suite.$isuite";
    if (!open C, "<", $dpath) {
        $!==ENOENT or die "$dpath: $!";
        printdebug "dummycat canonicalise_suite $isuite $dpath ENOENT\n";
        return $isuite;
    }
    $!=0; $_ = <C>;
    chomp or die "$dpath: $!";
    close C;
    printdebug "dummycat canonicalise_suite $isuite $dpath = $_\n";
    return $_;
}

sub archive_query_dummycat ($$) {
    my ($proto,$data) = @_;
    canonicalise_suite();
    my $dpath = "$data/package.$csuite.$package";
    if (!open C, "<", $dpath) {
        $!==ENOENT or die "$dpath: $!";
        printdebug "dummycat query $csuite $package $dpath ENOENT\n";
        return ();
    }
    my @rows;
    while (<C>) {
        next if m/^\#/;
        next unless m/\S/;
        die unless chomp;
        printdebug "dummycat query $csuite $package $dpath | $_\n";
        my @row = split /\s+/, $_;
        @row==2 or die "$dpath: $_ ?";
        push @rows, \@row;
    }
    C->error and die "$dpath: $!";
    close C;
    return archive_query_prepend_mirror
        sort { -version_compare($a->[0],$b->[0]); } @rows;
}

sub file_in_archive_dummycat () { return undef; }

#---------- tag format handling ----------

sub access_cfg_tagformats () {
    split /\,/, access_cfg('dgit-tag-format');
}

sub access_cfg_tagformats_can_splitbrain () {
    my %y = map { $_ => 1 } access_cfg_tagformats;
    foreach my $needtf (qw(new maint)) {
        next if $y{$needtf};
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

sub need_tagformat ($$) {
    my ($fmt, $why) = @_;
    fail "need to use tag format $fmt ($why) but also need".
        " to use tag format $tagformat_want->[0] ($tagformat_want->[1])".
        " - no way to proceed"
        if $tagformat_want && $tagformat_want->[0] ne $fmt;
    $tagformat_want = [$fmt, $why, $tagformat_want->[2] // 0];
}

sub select_tagformat () {
    # sets $tagformatfn
    return if $tagformatfn && !$tagformat_want;
    die 'bug' if $tagformatfn && $tagformat_want;
    # ... $tagformat_want assigned after previous select_tagformat

    my (@supported) = grep { $_ =~ m/^(?:old|new)$/ } access_cfg_tagformats();
    printdebug "select_tagformat supported @supported\n";

    $tagformat_want //= [ $supported[0], "distro access configuration", 0 ];
    printdebug "select_tagformat specified @$tagformat_want\n";

    my ($fmt,$why,$override) = @$tagformat_want;

    fail "target distro supports tag formats @supported".
        " but have to use $fmt ($why)"
        unless $override
            or grep { $_ eq $fmt } @supported;

    $tagformat_want = undef;
    $tagformat = $fmt;
    $tagformatfn = ${*::}{"debiantag_$fmt"};

    fail "trying to use unknown tag format \`$fmt' ($why) !"
        unless $tagformatfn;
}

#---------- archive query entrypoints and rest of program ----------

sub canonicalise_suite () {
    return if defined $csuite;
    fail "cannot operate on $isuite suite" if $isuite eq 'UNRELEASED';
    $csuite = archive_query('canonicalise_suite');
    if ($isuite ne $csuite) {
        progress "canonical suite name for $isuite is $csuite";
    } else {
        progress "canonical suite name is $csuite";
    }
}

sub get_archive_dsc () {
    canonicalise_suite();
    my @vsns = archive_query('archive_query');
    foreach my $vinfo (@vsns) {
        my ($vsn,$vsn_dscurl,$digester,$digest) = @$vinfo;
        $dscurl = $vsn_dscurl;
        $dscdata = url_get($dscurl);
        if (!$dscdata) {
            $skew_warning_vsn = $vsn if !defined $skew_warning_vsn;
            next;
        }
        if ($digester) {
            $digester->reset();
            $digester->add($dscdata);
            my $got = $digester->hexdigest();
            $got eq $digest or
                fail "$dscurl has hash $got but".
                    " archive told us to expect $digest";
        }
        parse_dscdata();
        my $fmt = getfield $dsc, 'Format';
        $format_ok{$fmt} or forceable_fail [qw(unsupported-source-format)],
            "unsupported source format $fmt, sorry";
            
        $dsc_checked = !!$digester;
        printdebug "get_archive_dsc: Version ".(getfield $dsc, 'Version')."\n";
        return;
    }
    $dsc = undef;
    printdebug "get_archive_dsc: nothing in archive, returning undef\n";
}

sub check_for_git ();
sub check_for_git () {
    # returns 0 or 1
    my $how = access_cfg('git-check');
    if ($how eq 'ssh-cmd') {
        my @cmd =
            (access_cfg_ssh, access_gituserhost(),
             access_runeinfo("git-check $package").
             " set -e; cd ".access_cfg('git-path').";".
             " if test -d $package.git; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi");
        my $r= cmdoutput @cmd;
        if (defined $r and $r =~ m/^divert (\w+)$/) {
            my $divert=$1;
            my ($usedistro,) = access_distros();
            # NB that if we are pushing, $usedistro will be $distro/push
            $instead_distro= cfg("dgit-distro.$usedistro.diverts.$divert");
            $instead_distro =~ s{^/}{ access_basedistro()."/" }e;
            progress "diverting to $divert (using config for $instead_distro)";
            return check_for_git();
        }
        failedcmd @cmd unless defined $r and $r =~ m/^[01]$/;
        return $r+0;
    } elsif ($how eq 'url') {
        my $prefix = access_cfg('git-check-url','git-url');
        my $suffix = access_cfg('git-check-suffix','git-suffix',
                                'RETURN-UNDEF') // '.git';
        my $url = "$prefix/$package$suffix";
        my @cmd = (@curl, qw(-sS -I), $url);
        my $result = cmdoutput @cmd;
        $result =~ s/^\S+ 200 .*\n\r?\n//;
        # curl -sS -I with https_proxy prints
        # HTTP/1.0 200 Connection established
        $result =~ m/^\S+ (404|200) /s or
            fail "unexpected results from git check query - ".
                Dumper($prefix, $result);
        my $code = $1;
        if ($code eq '404') {
            return 0;
        } elsif ($code eq '200') {
            return 1;
        } else {
            die;
        }
    } elsif ($how eq 'true') {
        return 1;
    } elsif ($how eq 'false') {
        return 0;
    } else {
        badcfg "unknown git-check \`$how'";
    }
}

sub create_remote_git_repo () {
    my $how = access_cfg('git-create');
    if ($how eq 'ssh-cmd') {
        runcmd_ordryrun
            (access_cfg_ssh, access_gituserhost(),
             access_runeinfo("git-create $package").
             "set -e; cd ".access_cfg('git-path').";".
             " cp -a _template $package.git");
    } elsif ($how eq 'true') {
        # nothing to do
    } else {
        badcfg "unknown git-create \`$how'";
    }
}

our ($dsc_hash,$lastpush_mergeinput);
our ($dsc_distro, $dsc_hint_tag, $dsc_hint_url);


sub prep_ud () {
    dgit_privdir(); # ensures that $dgit_privdir_made is based on $maindir
    $playground = fresh_playground 'dgit/unpack';
}

sub mktree_in_ud_here () {
    playtree_setup $gitcfgs{local};
}

sub git_write_tree () {
    my $tree = cmdoutput @git, qw(write-tree);
    $tree =~ m/^\w+$/ or die "$tree ?";
    return $tree;
}

sub git_add_write_tree () {
    runcmd @git, qw(add -Af .);
    return git_write_tree();
}

sub remove_stray_gits ($) {
    my ($what) = @_;
    my @gitscmd = qw(find -name .git -prune -print0);
    debugcmd "|",@gitscmd;
    open GITS, "-|", @gitscmd or die $!;
    {
        local $/="\0";
        while (<GITS>) {
            chomp or die;
            print STDERR "$us: warning: removing from $what: ",
                (messagequote $_), "\n";
            rmtree $_;
        }
    }
    $!=0; $?=0; close GITS or failedcmd @gitscmd;
}

sub mktree_in_ud_from_only_subdir ($;$) {
    my ($what,$raw) = @_;
    # changes into the subdir

    my (@dirs) = <*/.>;
    die "expected one subdir but found @dirs ?" unless @dirs==1;
    $dirs[0] =~ m#^([^/]+)/\.$# or die;
    my $dir = $1;
    changedir $dir;

    remove_stray_gits($what);
    mktree_in_ud_here();
    if (!$raw) {
        my ($format, $fopts) = get_source_format();
        if (madformat($format)) {
            rmtree '.pc';
        }
    }

    my $tree=git_add_write_tree();
    return ($tree,$dir);
}

our @files_csum_info_fields = 
    (['Checksums-Sha256','Digest::SHA', 'new(256)', 'sha256sum'],
     ['Checksums-Sha1',  'Digest::SHA', 'new(1)',   'sha1sum'],
     ['Files',           'Digest::MD5', 'new()',    'md5sum']);

sub dsc_files_info () {
    foreach my $csumi (@files_csum_info_fields) {
        my ($fname, $module, $method) = @$csumi;
        my $field = $dsc->{$fname};
        next unless defined $field;
        eval "use $module; 1;" or die $@;
        my @out;
        foreach (split /\n/, $field) {
            next unless m/\S/;
            m/^(\w+) (\d+) (\S+)$/ or
                fail "could not parse .dsc $fname line \`$_'";
            my $digester = eval "$module"."->$method;" or die $@;
            push @out, {
                Hash => $1,
                Bytes => $2,
                Filename => $3,
                Digester => $digester,
            };
        }
        return @out;
    }
    fail "missing any supported Checksums-* or Files field in ".
        $dsc->get_option('name');
}

sub dsc_files () {
    map { $_->{Filename} } dsc_files_info();
}

sub files_compare_inputs (@) {
    my $inputs = \@_;
    my %record;
    my %fchecked;

    my $showinputs = sub {
        return join "; ", map { $_->get_option('name') } @$inputs;
    };

    foreach my $in (@$inputs) {
        my $expected_files;
        my $in_name = $in->get_option('name');

        printdebug "files_compare_inputs $in_name\n";

        foreach my $csumi (@files_csum_info_fields) {
            my ($fname) = @$csumi;
            printdebug "files_compare_inputs $in_name $fname\n";

            my $field = $in->{$fname};
            next unless defined $field;

            my @files;
            foreach (split /\n/, $field) {
                next unless m/\S/;

                my ($info, $f) = m/^(\w+ \d+) (?:\S+ \S+ )?(\S+)$/ or
                    fail "could not parse $in_name $fname line \`$_'";

                printdebug "files_compare_inputs $in_name $fname $f\n";

                push @files, $f;

                my $re = \ $record{$f}{$fname};
                if (defined $$re) {
                    $fchecked{$f}{$in_name} = 1;
                    $$re eq $info or
                        fail "hash or size of $f varies in $fname fields".
                        " (between: ".$showinputs->().")";
                } else {
                    $$re = $info;
                }
            }
            @files = sort @files;
            $expected_files //= \@files;
            "@$expected_files" eq "@files" or
                fail "file list in $in_name varies between hash fields!";
        }
        $expected_files or
            fail "$in_name has no files list field(s)";
    }
    printdebug "files_compare_inputs ".Dumper(\%fchecked, \%record)
        if $debuglevel>=2;

    grep { keys %$_ == @$inputs-1 } values %fchecked
        or fail "no file appears in all file lists".
        " (looked in: ".$showinputs->().")";
}

sub is_orig_file_in_dsc ($$) {
    my ($f, $dsc_files_info) = @_;
    return 0 if @$dsc_files_info <= 1;
    # One file means no origs, and the filename doesn't have a "what
    # part of dsc" component.  (Consider versions ending `.orig'.)
    return 0 unless $f =~ m/\.$orig_f_tail_re$/o;
    return 1;
}

sub is_orig_file_of_vsn ($$) {
    my ($f, $upstreamvsn) = @_;
    my $base = srcfn $upstreamvsn, '';
    return 0 unless $f =~ m/^\Q$base\E\.$orig_f_tail_re$/;
    return 1;
}

# This function determines whether a .changes file is source-only from
# the point of view of dak.  Thus, it permits *_source.buildinfo
# files.
#
# It does not, however, permit any other buildinfo files.  After a
# source-only upload, the buildds will try to upload files like
# foo_1.2.3_amd64.buildinfo.  If the package maintainer included files
# named like this in their (otherwise) source-only upload, the uploads
# of the buildd can be rejected by dak.  Fixing the resultant
# situation can require manual intervention.  So we block such
# .buildinfo files when the user tells us to perform a source-only
# upload (such as when using the push-source subcommand with the -C
# option, which calls this function).
#
# Note, though, that when dgit is told to prepare a source-only
# upload, such as when subcommands like build-source and push-source
# without -C are used, dgit has a more restrictive notion of
# source-only .changes than dak: such uploads will never include
# *_source.buildinfo files.  This is because there is no use for such
# files when using a tool like dgit to produce the source package, as
# dgit ensures the source is identical to git HEAD.
sub test_source_only_changes ($) {
    my ($changes) = @_;
    foreach my $l (split /\n/, getfield $changes, 'Files') {
        $l =~ m/\S+$/ or next;
        # \.tar\.[a-z0-9]+ covers orig.tar and the tarballs in native packages
        unless ($& =~ m/(?:\.dsc|\.diff\.gz|\.tar\.[a-z0-9]+|_source\.buildinfo)$/) {
            print "purportedly source-only changes polluted by $&\n";
            return 0;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

sub changes_update_origs_from_dsc ($$$$) {
    my ($dsc, $changes, $upstreamvsn, $changesfile) = @_;
    my %changes_f;
    printdebug "checking origs needed ($upstreamvsn)...\n";
    $_ = getfield $changes, 'Files';
    m/^\w+ \d+ (\S+ \S+) \S+$/m or
        fail "cannot find section/priority from .changes Files field";
    my $placementinfo = $1;
    my %changed;
    printdebug "checking origs needed placement '$placementinfo'...\n";
    foreach my $l (split /\n/, getfield $dsc, 'Files') {
        $l =~ m/\S+$/ or next;
        my $file = $&;
        printdebug "origs $file | $l\n";
        next unless is_orig_file_of_vsn $file, $upstreamvsn;
        printdebug "origs $file is_orig\n";
        my $have = archive_query('file_in_archive', $file);
        if (!defined $have) {
            print STDERR <<END;
archive does not support .orig check; hope you used --ch:--sa/-sd if needed
END
            return;
        }
        my $found_same = 0;
        my @found_differ;
        printdebug "origs $file \$#\$have=$#$have\n";
        foreach my $h (@$have) {
            my $same = 0;
            my @differ;
            foreach my $csumi (@files_csum_info_fields) {
                my ($fname, $module, $method, $archivefield) = @$csumi;
                next unless defined $h->{$archivefield};
                $_ = $dsc->{$fname};
                next unless defined;
                m/^(\w+) .* \Q$file\E$/m or
                    fail ".dsc $fname missing entry for $file";
                if ($h->{$archivefield} eq $1) {
                    $same++;
                } else {
                    push @differ,
 "$archivefield: $h->{$archivefield} (archive) != $1 (local .dsc)";
                }
            }
            die "$file ".Dumper($h)." ?!" if $same && @differ;
            $found_same++
                if $same;
            push @found_differ, "archive $h->{filename}: ".join "; ", @differ
                if @differ;
        }
        printdebug "origs $file f.same=$found_same".
            " #f._differ=$#found_differ\n";
        if (@found_differ && !$found_same) {
            fail join "\n",
                "archive contains $file with different checksum",
                @found_differ;
        }
        # Now we edit the changes file to add or remove it
        foreach my $csumi (@files_csum_info_fields) {
            my ($fname, $module, $method, $archivefield) = @$csumi;
            next unless defined $changes->{$fname};
            if ($found_same) {
                # in archive, delete from .changes if it's there
                $changed{$file} = "removed" if
                    $changes->{$fname} =~ s/^.* \Q$file\E$(?:)\n//m;
            } elsif ($changes->{$fname} =~ m/^.* \Q$file\E$(?:)\n/m) {
                # not in archive, but it's here in the .changes
            } else {
                my $dsc_data = getfield $dsc, $fname;
                $dsc_data =~ m/^(.* \Q$file\E$)\n/m or die "$dsc_data $file ?";
                my $extra = $1;
                $extra =~ s/ \d+ /$&$placementinfo /
                    or die "$fname $extra >$dsc_data< ?"
                    if $fname eq 'Files';
                $changes->{$fname} .= "\n". $extra;
                $changed{$file} = "added";
            }
        }
    }
    if (%changed) {
        foreach my $file (keys %changed) {
            progress sprintf
                "edited .changes for archive .orig contents: %s %s",
                $changed{$file}, $file;
        }
        my $chtmp = "$changesfile.tmp";
        $changes->save($chtmp);
        if (act_local()) {
            rename $chtmp,$changesfile or die "$changesfile $!";
        } else {
            progress "[new .changes left in $changesfile]";
        }
    } else {
        progress "$changesfile already has appropriate .orig(s) (if any)";
    }
}

sub make_commit ($) {
    my ($file) = @_;
    return cmdoutput @git, qw(hash-object -w -t commit), $file;
}

sub make_commit_text ($) {
    my ($text) = @_;
    my ($out, $in);
    my @cmd = (@git, qw(hash-object -w -t commit --stdin));
    debugcmd "|",@cmd;
    print Dumper($text) if $debuglevel > 1;
    my $child = open2($out, $in, @cmd) or die $!;
    my $h;
    eval {
        print $in $text or die $!;
        close $in or die $!;
        $h = <$out>;
        $h =~ m/^\w+$/ or die;
        $h = $&;
        printdebug "=> $h\n";
    };
    close $out;
    waitpid $child, 0 == $child or die "$child $!";
    $? and failedcmd @cmd;
    return $h;
}

sub clogp_authline ($) {
    my ($clogp) = @_;
    my $author = getfield $clogp, 'Maintainer';
    if ($author =~ m/^[^"\@]+\,/) {
        # single entry Maintainer field with unquoted comma
        $author = ($& =~ y/,//rd).$'; # strip the comma
    }
    # git wants a single author; any remaining commas in $author
    # are by now preceded by @ (or ").  It seems safer to punt on
    # "..." for now rather than attempting to dequote or something.
    $author =~ s#,.*##ms unless $author =~ m/"/;
    my $date = cmdoutput qw(date), '+%s %z', qw(-d), getfield($clogp,'Date');
    my $authline = "$author $date";
    $authline =~ m/$git_authline_re/o or
        fail "unexpected commit author line format \`$authline'".
        " (was generated from changelog Maintainer field)";
    return ($1,$2,$3) if wantarray;
    return $authline;
}

sub vendor_patches_distro ($$) {
    my ($checkdistro, $what) = @_;
    return unless defined $checkdistro;

    my $series = "debian/patches/\L$checkdistro\E.series";
    printdebug "checking for vendor-specific $series ($what)\n";

    if (!open SERIES, "<", $series) {
        die "$series $!" unless $!==ENOENT;
        return;
    }
    while (<SERIES>) {
        next unless m/\S/;
        next if m/^\s+\#/;

        print STDERR <<END;

Unfortunately, this source package uses a feature of dpkg-source where
the same source package unpacks to different source code on different
distros.  dgit cannot safely operate on such packages on affected
distros, because the meaning of source packages is not stable.

Please ask the distro/maintainer to remove the distro-specific series
files and use a different technique (if necessary, uploading actually
different packages, if different distros are supposed to have
different code).

END
        fail "Found active distro-specific series file for".
            " $checkdistro ($what): $series, cannot continue";
    }
    die "$series $!" if SERIES->error;
    close SERIES;
}

sub check_for_vendor_patches () {
    # This dpkg-source feature doesn't seem to be documented anywhere!
    # But it can be found in the changelog (reformatted):

    #   commit  4fa01b70df1dc4458daee306cfa1f987b69da58c
    #   Author: Raphael Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>
    #   Date: Sun  Oct  3  09:36:48  2010 +0200

    #   dpkg-source: correctly create .pc/.quilt_series with alternate
    #   series files
    #   
    #   If you have debian/patches/ubuntu.series and you were
    #   unpacking the source package on ubuntu, quilt was still
    #   directed to debian/patches/series instead of
    #   debian/patches/ubuntu.series.
    #   
    #   debian/changelog                        |    3 +++
    #   scripts/Dpkg/Source/Package/V3/quilt.pm |    4 +++-
    #   2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

    use Dpkg::Vendor;
    vendor_patches_distro($ENV{DEB_VENDOR}, "DEB_VENDOR");
    vendor_patches_distro(Dpkg::Vendor::get_current_vendor(),
                         "Dpkg::Vendor \`current vendor'");
    vendor_patches_distro(access_basedistro(),
                          "(base) distro being accessed");
    vendor_patches_distro(access_nomdistro(),
                          "(nominal) distro being accessed");
}

sub generate_commits_from_dsc () {
    # See big comment in fetch_from_archive, below.
    # See also README.dsc-import.
    prep_ud();
    changedir $playground;

    my @dfi = dsc_files_info();
    foreach my $fi (@dfi) {
        my $f = $fi->{Filename};
        die "$f ?" if $f =~ m#/|^\.|\.dsc$|\.tmp$#;
        my $upper_f = "$maindir/../$f";

        printdebug "considering reusing $f: ";

        if (link_ltarget "$upper_f,fetch", $f) {
            printdebug "linked (using ...,fetch).\n";
        } elsif ((printdebug "($!) "),
                 $! != ENOENT) {
            fail "accessing ../$f,fetch: $!";
        } elsif (link_ltarget $upper_f, $f) {
            printdebug "linked.\n";
        } elsif ((printdebug "($!) "),
                 $! != ENOENT) {
            fail "accessing ../$f: $!";
        } else {
            printdebug "absent.\n";
        }

        my $refetched;
        complete_file_from_dsc('.', $fi, \$refetched)
            or next;

        printdebug "considering saving $f: ";

        if (link $f, $upper_f) {
            printdebug "linked.\n";
        } elsif ((printdebug "($!) "),
                 $! != EEXIST) {
            fail "saving ../$f: $!";
        } elsif (!$refetched) {
            printdebug "no need.\n";
        } elsif (link $f, "$upper_f,fetch") {
            printdebug "linked (using ...,fetch).\n";
        } elsif ((printdebug "($!) "),
                 $! != EEXIST) {
            fail "saving ../$f,fetch: $!";
        } else {
            printdebug "cannot.\n";
        }
    }

    # We unpack and record the orig tarballs first, so that we only
    # need disk space for one private copy of the unpacked source.
    # But we can't make them into commits until we have the metadata
    # from the debian/changelog, so we record the tree objects now and
    # make them into commits later.
    my @tartrees;
    my $upstreamv = upstreamversion $dsc->{version};
    my $orig_f_base = srcfn $upstreamv, '';

    foreach my $fi (@dfi) {
        # We actually import, and record as a commit, every tarball
        # (unless there is only one file, in which case there seems
        # little point.

        my $f = $fi->{Filename};
        printdebug "import considering $f ";
        (printdebug "only one dfi\n"), next if @dfi == 1;
        (printdebug "not tar\n"), next unless $f =~ m/\.tar(\.\w+)?$/;
        (printdebug "signature\n"), next if $f =~ m/$orig_f_sig_re$/o;
        my $compr_ext = $1;

        my ($orig_f_part) =
            $f =~ m/^\Q$orig_f_base\E\.([^._]+)?\.tar(?:\.\w+)?$/;

        printdebug "Y ", (join ' ', map { $_//"(none)" }
                          $compr_ext, $orig_f_part
                         ), "\n";

        my $input = new IO::File $f, '<' or die "$f $!";
        my $compr_pid;
        my @compr_cmd;

        if (defined $compr_ext) {
            my $cname =
                Dpkg::Compression::compression_guess_from_filename $f;
            fail "Dpkg::Compression cannot handle file $f in source package"
                if defined $compr_ext && !defined $cname;
            my $compr_proc =
                new Dpkg::Compression::Process compression => $cname;
            @compr_cmd = $compr_proc->get_uncompress_cmdline();
            my $compr_fh = new IO::Handle;
            my $compr_pid = open $compr_fh, "-|" // die $!;
            if (!$compr_pid) {
                open STDIN, "<&", $input or die $!;
                exec @compr_cmd;
                die "dgit (child): exec $compr_cmd[0]: $!\n";
            }
            $input = $compr_fh;
        }

        rmtree "_unpack-tar";
        mkdir "_unpack-tar" or die $!;
        my @tarcmd = qw(tar -x -f -
                        --no-same-owner --no-same-permissions
                        --no-acls --no-xattrs --no-selinux);
        my $tar_pid = fork // die $!;
        if (!$tar_pid) {
            chdir "_unpack-tar" or die $!;
            open STDIN, "<&", $input or die $!;
            exec @tarcmd;
            die "dgit (child): exec $tarcmd[0]: $!";
        }
        $!=0; (waitpid $tar_pid, 0) == $tar_pid or die $!;
        !$? or failedcmd @tarcmd;

        close $input or
            (@compr_cmd ? ($?==SIGPIPE || failedcmd @compr_cmd)
             : die $!);
        # finally, we have the results in "tarball", but maybe
        # with the wrong permissions

        runcmd qw(chmod -R +rwX _unpack-tar);
        changedir "_unpack-tar";
        remove_stray_gits($f);
        mktree_in_ud_here();
        
        my ($tree) = git_add_write_tree();
        my $tentries = cmdoutput @git, qw(ls-tree -z), $tree;
        if ($tentries =~ m/^\d+ tree (\w+)\t[^\000]+\000$/s) {
            $tree = $1;
            printdebug "one subtree $1\n";
        } else {
            printdebug "multiple subtrees\n";
        }
        changedir "..";
        rmtree "_unpack-tar";

        my $ent = [ $f, $tree ];
        push @tartrees, {
            Orig => !!$orig_f_part,
            Sort => (!$orig_f_part         ? 2 :
                     $orig_f_part =~ m/-/g ? 1 :
                                             0),
            F => $f,
            Tree => $tree,
        };
    }

    @tartrees = sort {
        # put any without "_" first (spec is not clear whether files
        # are always in the usual order).  Tarballs without "_" are
        # the main orig or the debian tarball.
        $a->{Sort} <=> $b->{Sort} or
        $a->{F}    cmp $b->{F}
    } @tartrees;

    my $any_orig = grep { $_->{Orig} } @tartrees;

    my $dscfn = "$package.dsc";

    my $treeimporthow = 'package';

    open D, ">", $dscfn or die "$dscfn: $!";
    print D $dscdata or die "$dscfn: $!";
    close D or die "$dscfn: $!";
    my @cmd = qw(dpkg-source);
    push @cmd, '--no-check' if $dsc_checked;
    if (madformat $dsc->{format}) {
        push @cmd, '--skip-patches';
        $treeimporthow = 'unpatched';
    }
    push @cmd, qw(-x --), $dscfn;
    runcmd @cmd;

    my ($tree,$dir) = mktree_in_ud_from_only_subdir("source package");
    if (madformat $dsc->{format}) { 
        check_for_vendor_patches();
    }

    my $dappliedtree;
    if (madformat $dsc->{format}) {
        my @pcmd = qw(dpkg-source --before-build .);
        runcmd shell_cmd 'exec >/dev/null', @pcmd;
        rmtree '.pc';
        $dappliedtree = git_add_write_tree();
    }

    my @clogcmd = qw(dpkg-parsechangelog --format rfc822 --all);
    debugcmd "|",@clogcmd;
    open CLOGS, "-|", @clogcmd or die $!;

    my $clogp;
    my $r1clogp;

    printdebug "import clog search...\n";

    for (;;) {
        my $stanzatext = do { local $/=""; <CLOGS>; };
        printdebug "import clogp ".Dumper($stanzatext) if $debuglevel>1;
        last if !defined $stanzatext;

        my $desc = "package changelog, entry no.$.";
        open my $stanzafh, "<", \$stanzatext or die;
        my $thisstanza = parsecontrolfh $stanzafh, $desc, 1;
        $clogp //= $thisstanza;

        printdebug "import clog $thisstanza->{version} $desc...\n";

        last if !$any_orig; # we don't need $r1clogp

        # We look for the first (most recent) changelog entry whose
        # version number is lower than the upstream version of this
        # package.  Then the last (least recent) previous changelog
        # entry is treated as the one which introduced this upstream
        # version and used for the synthetic commits for the upstream
        # tarballs.

        # One might think that a more sophisticated algorithm would be
        # necessary.  But: we do not want to scan the whole changelog
        # file.  Stopping when we see an earlier version, which
        # necessarily then is an earlier upstream version, is the only
        # realistic way to do that.  Then, either the earliest
        # changelog entry we have seen so far is indeed the earliest
        # upload of this upstream version; or there are only changelog
        # entries relating to later upstream versions (which is not
        # possible unless the changelog and .dsc disagree about the
        # version).  Then it remains to choose between the physically
        # last entry in the file, and the one with the lowest version
        # number.  If these are not the same, we guess that the
        # versions were created in a non-monotic order rather than
        # that the changelog entries have been misordered.

        printdebug "import clog $thisstanza->{version} vs $upstreamv...\n";

        last if version_compare($thisstanza->{version}, $upstreamv) < 0;
        $r1clogp = $thisstanza;

        printdebug "import clog $r1clogp->{version} becomes r1\n";
    }
    die $! if CLOGS->error;
    close CLOGS or $?==SIGPIPE or failedcmd @clogcmd;

    $clogp or fail "package changelog has no entries!";

    my $authline = clogp_authline $clogp;
    my $changes = getfield $clogp, 'Changes';
    $changes =~ s/^\n//; # Changes: \n
    my $cversion = getfield $clogp, 'Version';

    if (@tartrees) {
        $r1clogp //= $clogp; # maybe there's only one entry;
        my $r1authline = clogp_authline $r1clogp;
        # Strictly, r1authline might now be wrong if it's going to be
        # unused because !$any_orig.  Whatever.

        printdebug "import tartrees authline   $authline\n";
        printdebug "import tartrees r1authline $r1authline\n";

        foreach my $tt (@tartrees) {
            printdebug "import tartree $tt->{F} $tt->{Tree}\n";

            $tt->{Commit} = make_commit_text($tt->{Orig} ? <<END_O : <<END_T);
tree $tt->{Tree}
author $r1authline
committer $r1authline

Import $tt->{F}

[dgit import orig $tt->{F}]
END_O
tree $tt->{Tree}
author $authline
committer $authline

Import $tt->{F}

[dgit import tarball $package $cversion $tt->{F}]
END_T
        }
    }

    printdebug "import main commit\n";

    open C, ">../commit.tmp" or die $!;
    print C <<END or die $!;
tree $tree
END
    print C <<END or die $! foreach @tartrees;
parent $_->{Commit}
END
    print C <<END or die $!;
author $authline
committer $authline

$changes

[dgit import $treeimporthow $package $cversion]
END

    close C or die $!;
    my $rawimport_hash = make_commit qw(../commit.tmp);

    if (madformat $dsc->{format}) {
        printdebug "import apply patches...\n";

        # regularise the state of the working tree so that
        # the checkout of $rawimport_hash works nicely.
        my $dappliedcommit = make_commit_text(<<END);
tree $dappliedtree
author $authline
committer $authline

[dgit dummy commit]
END
        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q -b dapplied), $dappliedcommit;

        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q -b unpa), $rawimport_hash;

        # We need the answers to be reproducible
        my @authline = clogp_authline($clogp);
        local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} =  $authline[0];
        local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = $authline[1];
        local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} =  $authline[2];
        local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} =  $authline[0];
        local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $authline[1];
        local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} =  $authline[2];

        my $path = $ENV{PATH} or die;

        # we use ../../gbp-pq-output, which (given that we are in
        # $playground/PLAYTREE, and $playground is .git/dgit/unpack,
        # is .git/dgit.

        foreach my $use_absurd (qw(0 1)) {
            runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q unpa);
            runcmd @git, qw(update-ref -d refs/heads/patch-queue/unpa);
            local $ENV{PATH} = $path;
            if ($use_absurd) {
                chomp $@;
                progress "warning: $@";
                $path = "$absurdity:$path";
                progress "$us: trying slow absurd-git-apply...";
                rename "../../gbp-pq-output","../../gbp-pq-output.0"
                    or $!==ENOENT
                    or die $!;
            }
            eval {
                die "forbid absurd git-apply\n" if $use_absurd
                    && forceing [qw(import-gitapply-no-absurd)];
                die "only absurd git-apply!\n" if !$use_absurd
                    && forceing [qw(import-gitapply-absurd)];

                local $ENV{DGIT_ABSURD_DEBUG} = $debuglevel if $use_absurd;
                local $ENV{PATH} = $path                    if $use_absurd;

                my @showcmd = (gbp_pq, qw(import));
                my @realcmd = shell_cmd
                    'exec >/dev/null 2>>../../gbp-pq-output', @showcmd;
                debugcmd "+",@realcmd;
                if (system @realcmd) {
                    die +(shellquote @showcmd).
                        " failed: ".
                        failedcmd_waitstatus()."\n";
                }

                my $gapplied = git_rev_parse('HEAD');
                my $gappliedtree = cmdoutput @git, qw(rev-parse HEAD:);
                $gappliedtree eq $dappliedtree or
                    fail <<END;
gbp-pq import and dpkg-source disagree!
 gbp-pq import gave commit $gapplied
 gbp-pq import gave tree $gappliedtree
 dpkg-source --before-build gave tree $dappliedtree
END
                $rawimport_hash = $gapplied;
            };
            last unless $@;
        }
        if ($@) {
            { local $@; eval { runcmd qw(cat ../../gbp-pq-output); }; }
            die $@;
        }
    }

    progress "synthesised git commit from .dsc $cversion";

    my $rawimport_mergeinput = {
        Commit => $rawimport_hash,
        Info => "Import of source package",
    };
    my @output = ($rawimport_mergeinput);

    if ($lastpush_mergeinput) {
        my $oldclogp = mergeinfo_getclogp($lastpush_mergeinput);
        my $oversion = getfield $oldclogp, 'Version';
        my $vcmp =
            version_compare($oversion, $cversion);
        if ($vcmp < 0) {
            @output = ($rawimport_mergeinput, $lastpush_mergeinput,
                { Message => <<END, ReverseParents => 1 });
Record $package ($cversion) in archive suite $csuite
END
        } elsif ($vcmp > 0) {
            print STDERR <<END or die $!;

Version actually in archive:   $cversion (older)
Last version pushed with dgit: $oversion (newer or same)
$later_warning_msg
END
            @output = $lastpush_mergeinput;
        } else {
            # Same version.  Use what's in the server git branch,
            # discarding our own import.  (This could happen if the
            # server automatically imports all packages into git.)
            @output = $lastpush_mergeinput;
        }
    }
    changedir $maindir;
    rmtree $playground;
    return @output;
}

sub complete_file_from_dsc ($$;$) {
    our ($dstdir, $fi, $refetched) = @_;
    # Ensures that we have, in $dstdir, the file $fi, with the correct
    # contents.  (Downloading it from alongside $dscurl if necessary.)
    # If $refetched is defined, can overwrite "$dstdir/$fi->{Filename}"
    # and will set $$refetched=1 if it did so (or tried to).

    my $f = $fi->{Filename};
    my $tf = "$dstdir/$f";
    my $downloaded = 0;

    my $got;
    my $checkhash = sub {
        open F, "<", "$tf" or die "$tf: $!";
        $fi->{Digester}->reset();
        $fi->{Digester}->addfile(*F);
        F->error and die $!;
        $got = $fi->{Digester}->hexdigest();
        return $got eq $fi->{Hash};
    };

    if (stat_exists $tf) {
        if ($checkhash->()) {
            progress "using existing $f";
            return 1;
        }
        if (!$refetched) {
            fail "file $f has hash $got but .dsc".
                " demands hash $fi->{Hash} ".
                "(perhaps you should delete this file?)";
        }
        progress "need to fetch correct version of $f";
        unlink $tf or die "$tf $!";
        $$refetched = 1;
    } else {
        printdebug "$tf does not exist, need to fetch\n";
    }

    my $furl = $dscurl;
    $furl =~ s{/[^/]+$}{};
    $furl .= "/$f";
    die "$f ?" unless $f =~ m/^\Q${package}\E_/;
    die "$f ?" if $f =~ m#/#;
    runcmd_ordryrun_local @curl,qw(-f -o),$tf,'--',"$furl";
    return 0 if !act_local();

    $checkhash->() or
        fail "file $f has hash $got but .dsc".
            " demands hash $fi->{Hash} ".
            "(got wrong file from archive!)";

    return 1;
}

sub ensure_we_have_orig () {
    my @dfi = dsc_files_info();
    foreach my $fi (@dfi) {
        my $f = $fi->{Filename};
        next unless is_orig_file_in_dsc($f, \@dfi);
        complete_file_from_dsc('..', $fi)
            or next;
    }
}

#---------- git fetch ----------

sub lrfetchrefs () { return "refs/dgit-fetch/".access_basedistro(); }
sub lrfetchref () { return lrfetchrefs.'/'.server_branch($csuite); }

# We fetch some parts of lrfetchrefs/*.  Ideally we delete these
# locally fetched refs because they have unhelpful names and clutter
# up gitk etc.  So we track whether we have "used up" head ref (ie,
# whether we have made another local ref which refers to this object).
#
# (If we deleted them unconditionally, then we might end up
# re-fetching the same git objects each time dgit fetch was run.)
#
# So, each use of lrfetchrefs needs to be accompanied by arrangements
# in git_fetch_us to fetch the refs in question, and possibly a call
# to lrfetchref_used.

our (%lrfetchrefs_f, %lrfetchrefs_d);
# $lrfetchrefs_X{lrfetchrefs."/heads/whatever"} = $objid

sub lrfetchref_used ($) {
    my ($fullrefname) = @_;
    my $objid = $lrfetchrefs_f{$fullrefname};
    $lrfetchrefs_d{$fullrefname} = $objid if defined $objid;
}

sub git_lrfetch_sane {
    my ($url, $supplementary, @specs) = @_;
    # Make a 'refs/'.lrfetchrefs.'/*' be just like on server,
    # at least as regards @specs.  Also leave the results in
    # %lrfetchrefs_f, and arrange for lrfetchref_used to be
    # able to clean these up.
    #
    # With $supplementary==1, @specs must not contain wildcards
    # and we add to our previous fetches (non-atomically).

    # This is rather miserable:
    # When git fetch --prune is passed a fetchspec ending with a *,
    # it does a plausible thing.  If there is no * then:
    # - it matches subpaths too, even if the supplied refspec
    #   starts refs, and behaves completely madly if the source
    #   has refs/refs/something.  (See, for example, Debian #NNNN.)
    # - if there is no matching remote ref, it bombs out the whole
    #   fetch.
    # We want to fetch a fixed ref, and we don't know in advance
    # if it exists, so this is not suitable.
    #
    # Our workaround is to use git ls-remote.  git ls-remote has its
    # own qairks.  Notably, it has the absurd multi-tail-matching
    # behaviour: git ls-remote R refs/foo can report refs/foo AND
    # refs/refs/foo etc.
    #
    # Also, we want an idempotent snapshot, but we have to make two
    # calls to the remote: one to git ls-remote and to git fetch.  The
    # solution is use git ls-remote to obtain a target state, and
    # git fetch to try to generate it.  If we don't manage to generate
    # the target state, we try again.

    printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane suppl=$supplementary specs @specs\n";

    my $specre = join '|', map {
        my $x = $_;
        $x =~ s/\W/\\$&/g;
        my $wildcard = $x =~ s/\\\*$/.*/;
        die if $wildcard && $supplementary;
        "(?:refs/$x)";
    } @specs;
    printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane specre=$specre\n";
    my $wanted_rref = sub {
        local ($_) = @_;
        return m/^(?:$specre)$/;
    };

    my $fetch_iteration = 0;
    FETCH_ITERATION:
    for (;;) {
        printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane iteration $fetch_iteration\n";
        if (++$fetch_iteration > 10) {
            fail "too many iterations trying to get sane fetch!";
        }

        my @look = map { "refs/$_" } @specs;
        my @lcmd = (@git, qw(ls-remote -q --refs), $url, @look);
        debugcmd "|",@lcmd;

        my %wantr;
        open GITLS, "-|", @lcmd or die $!;
        while (<GITLS>) {
            printdebug "=> ", $_;
            m/^(\w+)\s+(\S+)\n/ or die "ls-remote $_ ?";
            my ($objid,$rrefname) = ($1,$2);
            if (!$wanted_rref->($rrefname)) {
                print STDERR <<END;
warning: git ls-remote @look reported $rrefname; this is silly, ignoring it.
END
                next;
            }
            $wantr{$rrefname} = $objid;
        }
        $!=0; $?=0;
        close GITLS or failedcmd @lcmd;

        # OK, now %want is exactly what we want for refs in @specs
        my @fspecs = map {
            !m/\*$/ && !exists $wantr{"refs/$_"} ? () :
            "+refs/$_:".lrfetchrefs."/$_";
        } @specs;

        printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane fspecs @fspecs\n";

        my @fcmd = (@git, qw(fetch -p -n -q), $url, @fspecs);
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @fcmd if @fspecs;

        if (!$supplementary) {
            %lrfetchrefs_f = ();
        }
        my %objgot;

        git_for_each_ref(lrfetchrefs, sub {
            my ($objid,$objtype,$lrefname,$reftail) = @_;
            $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname} = $objid;
            $objgot{$objid} = 1;
        });

        if ($supplementary) {
            last;
        }

        foreach my $lrefname (sort keys %lrfetchrefs_f) {
            my $rrefname = 'refs'.substr($lrefname, length lrfetchrefs);
            if (!exists $wantr{$rrefname}) {
                if ($wanted_rref->($rrefname)) {
                    printdebug <<END;
git-fetch @fspecs created $lrefname which git ls-remote @look didn't list.
END
                } else {
                    print STDERR <<END
warning: git fetch @fspecs created $lrefname; this is silly, deleting it.
END
                }
                runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(update-ref -d), $lrefname;
                delete $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname};
                next;
            }
        }
        foreach my $rrefname (sort keys %wantr) {
            my $lrefname = lrfetchrefs.substr($rrefname, 4);
            my $got = $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname} // '<none>';
            my $want = $wantr{$rrefname};
            next if $got eq $want;
            if (!defined $objgot{$want}) {
                fail <<END unless act_local();
--dry-run specified but we actually wanted the results of git fetch,
so this is not going to work.  Try running dgit fetch first,
or using --damp-run instead of --dry-run.
END
                print STDERR <<END;
warning: git ls-remote suggests we want $lrefname
warning:  and it should refer to $want
warning:  but git fetch didn't fetch that object to any relevant ref.
warning:  This may be due to a race with someone updating the server.
warning:  Will try again...
END
                next FETCH_ITERATION;
            }
            printdebug <<END;
git-fetch @fspecs made $lrefname=$got but want git ls-remote @look says $want
END
            runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(update-ref -m),
                "dgit fetch git fetch fixup", $lrefname, $want;
            $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname} = $want;
        }
        last;
    }

    if (defined $csuite) {
        printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane: tidying any old suite lrfetchrefs\n";
        git_for_each_ref("refs/dgit-fetch/$csuite", sub {
            my ($objid,$objtype,$lrefname,$reftail) = @_;
            next if $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname}; # $csuite eq $distro ?
            runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(update-ref -d), $lrefname;
        });
    }

    printdebug "git_lrfetch_sane: git fetch --no-insane emulation complete\n",
        Dumper(\%lrfetchrefs_f);
}

sub git_fetch_us () {
    # Want to fetch only what we are going to use, unless
    # deliberately-not-ff, in which case we must fetch everything.

    my @specs = deliberately_not_fast_forward ? qw(tags/*) :
        map { "tags/$_" }
        (quiltmode_splitbrain
         ? (map { $_->('*',access_nomdistro) }
            \&debiantag_new, \&debiantag_maintview)
         : debiantags('*',access_nomdistro));
    push @specs, server_branch($csuite);
    push @specs, $rewritemap;
    push @specs, qw(heads/*) if deliberately_not_fast_forward;

    my $url = access_giturl();
    git_lrfetch_sane $url, 0, @specs;

    my %here;
    my @tagpats = debiantags('*',access_nomdistro);

    git_for_each_ref([map { "refs/tags/$_" } @tagpats], sub {
        my ($objid,$objtype,$fullrefname,$reftail) = @_;
        printdebug "currently $fullrefname=$objid\n";
        $here{$fullrefname} = $objid;
    });
    git_for_each_ref([map { lrfetchrefs."/tags/".$_ } @tagpats], sub {
        my ($objid,$objtype,$fullrefname,$reftail) = @_;
        my $lref = "refs".substr($fullrefname, length(lrfetchrefs));
        printdebug "offered $lref=$objid\n";
        if (!defined $here{$lref}) {
            my @upd = (@git, qw(update-ref), $lref, $objid, '');
            runcmd_ordryrun_local @upd;
            lrfetchref_used $fullrefname;
        } elsif ($here{$lref} eq $objid) {
            lrfetchref_used $fullrefname;
        } else {
            print STDERR
                "Not updating $lref from $here{$lref} to $objid.\n";
        }
    });
}

#---------- dsc and archive handling ----------

sub mergeinfo_getclogp ($) {
    # Ensures thit $mi->{Clogp} exists and returns it
    my ($mi) = @_;
    $mi->{Clogp} = commit_getclogp($mi->{Commit});
}

sub mergeinfo_version ($) {
    return getfield( (mergeinfo_getclogp $_[0]), 'Version' );
}

sub fetch_from_archive_record_1 ($) {
    my ($hash) = @_;
    runcmd @git, qw(update-ref -m), "dgit fetch $csuite",
            'DGIT_ARCHIVE', $hash;
    cmdoutput @git, qw(log -n2), $hash;
    # ... gives git a chance to complain if our commit is malformed
}

sub fetch_from_archive_record_2 ($) {
    my ($hash) = @_;
    my @upd_cmd = (@git, qw(update-ref -m), 'dgit fetch', lrref(), $hash);
    if (act_local()) {
        cmdoutput @upd_cmd;
    } else {
        dryrun_report @upd_cmd;
    }
}

sub parse_dsc_field_def_dsc_distro () {
    $dsc_distro //= cfg qw(dgit.default.old-dsc-distro
                           dgit.default.distro);
}

sub parse_dsc_field ($$) {
    my ($dsc, $what) = @_;
    my $f;
    foreach my $field (@ourdscfield) {
        $f = $dsc->{$field};
        last if defined $f;
    }

    if (!defined $f) {
        progress "$what: NO git hash";
        parse_dsc_field_def_dsc_distro();
    } elsif (($dsc_hash, $dsc_distro, $dsc_hint_tag, $dsc_hint_url)
             = $f =~ m/^(\w+)\s+($distro_re)\s+($versiontag_re)\s+(\S+)(?:\s|$)/) {
        progress "$what: specified git info ($dsc_distro)";
        $dsc_hint_tag = [ $dsc_hint_tag ];
    } elsif ($f =~ m/^\w+\s*$/) {
        $dsc_hash = $&;
        parse_dsc_field_def_dsc_distro();
        $dsc_hint_tag = [ debiantags +(getfield $dsc, 'Version'),
                          $dsc_distro ];
        progress "$what: specified git hash";
    } else {
        fail "$what: invalid Dgit info";
    }
}

sub resolve_dsc_field_commit ($$) {
    my ($already_distro, $already_mapref) = @_;

    return unless defined $dsc_hash;

    my $mapref =
        defined $already_mapref &&
        ($already_distro eq $dsc_distro || !$chase_dsc_distro)
        ? $already_mapref : undef;

    my $do_fetch;
    $do_fetch = sub {
        my ($what, @fetch) = @_;

        local $idistro = $dsc_distro;
        my $lrf = lrfetchrefs;

        if (!$chase_dsc_distro) {
            progress
                "not chasing .dsc distro $dsc_distro: not fetching $what";
            return 0;
        }

        progress
            ".dsc names distro $dsc_distro: fetching $what";

        my $url = access_giturl();
        if (!defined $url) {
            defined $dsc_hint_url or fail <<END;
.dsc Dgit metadata is in context of distro $dsc_distro
for which we have no configured url and .dsc provides no hint
END
            my $proto =
                $dsc_hint_url =~ m#^([-+0-9a-zA-Z]+):# ? $1 :
                $dsc_hint_url =~ m#^/# ? 'file' : 'bad-syntax';
            parse_cfg_bool "dsc-url-proto-ok", 'false',
                cfg("dgit.dsc-url-proto-ok.$proto",
                    "dgit.default.dsc-url-proto-ok")
                or fail <<END;
.dsc Dgit metadata is in context of distro $dsc_distro
for which we have no configured url;
.dsc provides hinted url with protocol $proto which is unsafe.
(can be overridden by config - consult documentation)
END
            $url = $dsc_hint_url;
        }

        git_lrfetch_sane $url, 1, @fetch;

        return $lrf;
    };

    my $rewrite_enable = do {
        local $idistro = $dsc_distro;
        access_cfg('rewrite-map-enable', 'RETURN-UNDEF');
    };

    if (parse_cfg_bool 'rewrite-map-enable', 'true', $rewrite_enable) {
        if (!defined $mapref) {
            my $lrf = $do_fetch->("rewrite map", $rewritemap) or return;
            $mapref = $lrf.'/'.$rewritemap;
        }
        my $rewritemapdata = git_cat_file $mapref.':map';
        if (defined $rewritemapdata
            && $rewritemapdata =~ m/^$dsc_hash(?:[ \t](\w+))/m) {
            progress
                "server's git history rewrite map contains a relevant entry!";

            $dsc_hash = $1;
            if (defined $dsc_hash) {
                progress "using rewritten git hash in place of .dsc value";
            } else {
                progress "server data says .dsc hash is to be disregarded";
            }
        }
    }

    if (!defined git_cat_file $dsc_hash) {
        my @tags = map { "tags/".$_ } @$dsc_hint_tag;
        my $lrf = $do_fetch->("additional commits", @tags) &&
            defined git_cat_file $dsc_hash
            or fail <<END;
.dsc Dgit metadata requires commit $dsc_hash
but we could not obtain that object anywhere.
END
        foreach my $t (@tags) {
            my $fullrefname = $lrf.'/'.$t;
#           print STDERR "CHK $t $fullrefname ".Dumper(\%lrfetchrefs_f);
            next unless $lrfetchrefs_f{$fullrefname};
            next unless is_fast_fwd "$fullrefname~0", $dsc_hash;
            lrfetchref_used $fullrefname;
        }
    }
}

sub fetch_from_archive () {
    ensure_setup_existing_tree();

    # Ensures that lrref() is what is actually in the archive, one way
    # or another, according to us - ie this client's
    # appropritaely-updated archive view.  Also returns the commit id.
    # If there is nothing in the archive, leaves lrref alone and
    # returns undef.  git_fetch_us must have already been called.
    get_archive_dsc();

    if ($dsc) {
        parse_dsc_field($dsc, 'last upload to archive');
        resolve_dsc_field_commit access_basedistro,
            lrfetchrefs."/".$rewritemap
    } else {
        progress "no version available from the archive";
    }

    # If the archive's .dsc has a Dgit field, there are three
    # relevant git commitids we need to choose between and/or merge
    # together:
    #   1. $dsc_hash: the Dgit field from the archive
    #   2. $lastpush_hash: the suite branch on the dgit git server
    #   3. $lastfetch_hash: our local tracking brach for the suite
    #
    # These may all be distinct and need not be in any fast forward
    # relationship:
    #
    # If the dsc was pushed to this suite, then the server suite
    # branch will have been updated; but it might have been pushed to
    # a different suite and copied by the archive.  Conversely a more
    # recent version may have been pushed with dgit but not appeared
    # in the archive (yet).
    #
    # $lastfetch_hash may be awkward because archive imports
    # (particularly, imports of Dgit-less .dscs) are performed only as
    # needed on individual clients, so different clients may perform a
    # different subset of them - and these imports are only made
    # public during push.  So $lastfetch_hash may represent a set of
    # imports different to a subsequent upload by a different dgit
    # client.
    #
    # Our approach is as follows:
    #
    # As between $dsc_hash and $lastpush_hash: if $lastpush_hash is a
    # descendant of $dsc_hash, then it was pushed by a dgit user who
    # had based their work on $dsc_hash, so we should prefer it.
    # Otherwise, $dsc_hash was installed into this suite in the
    # archive other than by a dgit push, and (necessarily) after the
    # last dgit push into that suite (since a dgit push would have
    # been descended from the dgit server git branch); thus, in that
    # case, we prefer the archive's version (and produce a
    # pseudo-merge to overwrite the dgit server git branch).
    #
    # (If there is no Dgit field in the archive's .dsc then
    # generate_commit_from_dsc uses the version numbers to decide
    # whether the suite branch or the archive is newer.  If the suite
    # branch is newer it ignores the archive's .dsc; otherwise it
    # generates an import of the .dsc, and produces a pseudo-merge to
    # overwrite the suite branch with the archive contents.)
    #
    # The outcome of that part of the algorithm is the `public view',
    # and is same for all dgit clients: it does not depend on any
    # unpublished history in the local tracking branch.
    #
    # As between the public view and the local tracking branch: The
    # local tracking branch is only updated by dgit fetch, and
    # whenever dgit fetch runs it includes the public view in the
    # local tracking branch.  Therefore if the public view is not
    # descended from the local tracking branch, the local tracking
    # branch must contain history which was imported from the archive
    # but never pushed; and, its tip is now out of date.  So, we make
    # a pseudo-merge to overwrite the old imports and stitch the old
    # history in.
    #
    # Finally: we do not necessarily reify the public view (as
    # described above).  This is so that we do not end up stacking two
    # pseudo-merges.  So what we actually do is figure out the inputs
    # to any public view pseudo-merge and put them in @mergeinputs.

    my @mergeinputs;
    # $mergeinputs[]{Commit}
    # $mergeinputs[]{Info}
    # $mergeinputs[0] is the one whose tree we use
    # @mergeinputs is in the order we use in the actual commit)
    #
    # Also:
    # $mergeinputs[]{Message} is a commit message to use
    # $mergeinputs[]{ReverseParents} if def specifies that parent
    #                                list should be in opposite order
    # Such an entry has no Commit or Info.  It applies only when found
    # in the last entry.  (This ugliness is to support making
    # identical imports to previous dgit versions.)

    my $lastpush_hash = git_get_ref(lrfetchref());
    printdebug "previous reference hash=$lastpush_hash\n";
    $lastpush_mergeinput = $lastpush_hash && {
        Commit => $lastpush_hash,
        Info => "dgit suite branch on dgit git server",
    };

    my $lastfetch_hash = git_get_ref(lrref());
    printdebug "fetch_from_archive: lastfetch=$lastfetch_hash\n";
    my $lastfetch_mergeinput = $lastfetch_hash && {
        Commit => $lastfetch_hash,
        Info => "dgit client's archive history view",
    };

    my $dsc_mergeinput = $dsc_hash && {
        Commit => $dsc_hash,
        Info => "Dgit field in .dsc from archive",
    };

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    my $del_lrfetchrefs = sub {
        changedir $cwd;
        my $gur;
        printdebug "del_lrfetchrefs...\n";
        foreach my $fullrefname (sort keys %lrfetchrefs_d) {
            my $objid = $lrfetchrefs_d{$fullrefname};
            printdebug "del_lrfetchrefs: $objid $fullrefname\n";
            if (!$gur) {
                $gur ||= new IO::Handle;
                open $gur, "|-", qw(git update-ref --stdin) or die $!;
            }
            printf $gur "delete %s %s\n", $fullrefname, $objid;
        }
        if ($gur) {
            close $gur or failedcmd "git update-ref delete lrfetchrefs";
        }
    };

    if (defined $dsc_hash) {
        ensure_we_have_orig();
        if (!$lastpush_hash || $dsc_hash eq $lastpush_hash) {
            @mergeinputs = $dsc_mergeinput
        } elsif (is_fast_fwd($dsc_hash,$lastpush_hash)) {
            print STDERR <<END or die $!;

Git commit in archive is behind the last version allegedly pushed/uploaded.
Commit referred to by archive: $dsc_hash
Last version pushed with dgit: $lastpush_hash
$later_warning_msg
END
            @mergeinputs = ($lastpush_mergeinput);
        } else {
            # Archive has .dsc which is not a descendant of the last dgit
            # push.  This can happen if the archive moves .dscs about.
            # Just follow its lead.
            if (is_fast_fwd($lastpush_hash,$dsc_hash)) {
                progress "archive .dsc names newer git commit";
                @mergeinputs = ($dsc_mergeinput);
            } else {
                progress "archive .dsc names other git commit, fixing up";
                @mergeinputs = ($dsc_mergeinput, $lastpush_mergeinput);
            }
        }
    } elsif ($dsc) {
        @mergeinputs = generate_commits_from_dsc();
        # We have just done an import.  Now, our import algorithm might
        # have been improved.  But even so we do not want to generate
        # a new different import of the same package.  So if the
        # version numbers are the same, just use our existing version.
        # If the version numbers are different, the archive has changed
        # (perhaps, rewound).
        if ($lastfetch_mergeinput &&
            !version_compare( (mergeinfo_version $lastfetch_mergeinput),
                              (mergeinfo_version $mergeinputs[0]) )) {
            @mergeinputs = ($lastfetch_mergeinput);
        }
    } elsif ($lastpush_hash) {
        # only in git, not in the archive yet
        @mergeinputs = ($lastpush_mergeinput);
        print STDERR <<END or die $!;

Package not found in the archive, but has allegedly been pushed using dgit.
$later_warning_msg
END
    } else {
        printdebug "nothing found!\n";
        if (defined $skew_warning_vsn) {
            print STDERR <<END or die $!;

Warning: relevant archive skew detected.
Archive allegedly contains $skew_warning_vsn
But we were not able to obtain any version from the archive or git.

END
        }
        unshift @end, $del_lrfetchrefs;
        return undef;
    }

    if ($lastfetch_hash &&
        !grep {
            my $h = $_->{Commit};
            $h and is_fast_fwd($lastfetch_hash, $h);
            # If true, one of the existing parents of this commit
            # is a descendant of the $lastfetch_hash, so we'll
            # be ff from that automatically.
        } @mergeinputs
        ) {
        # Otherwise:
        push @mergeinputs, $lastfetch_mergeinput;
    }

    printdebug "fetch mergeinfos:\n";
    foreach my $mi (@mergeinputs) {
        if ($mi->{Info}) {
            printdebug " commit $mi->{Commit} $mi->{Info}\n";
        } else {
            printdebug sprintf " ReverseParents=%d Message=%s",
                $mi->{ReverseParents}, $mi->{Message};
        }
    }

    my $compat_info= pop @mergeinputs
        if $mergeinputs[$#mergeinputs]{Message};

    @mergeinputs = grep { defined $_->{Commit} } @mergeinputs;

    my $hash;
    if (@mergeinputs > 1) {
        # here we go, then:
        my $tree_commit = $mergeinputs[0]{Commit};

        my $tree = cmdoutput @git, qw(cat-file commit), $tree_commit;
        $tree =~ m/\n\n/;  $tree = $`;
        $tree =~ m/^tree (\w+)$/m or die "$dsc_hash tree ?";
        $tree = $1;

        # We use the changelog author of the package in question the
        # author of this pseudo-merge.  This is (roughly) correct if
        # this commit is simply representing aa non-dgit upload.
        # (Roughly because it does not record sponsorship - but we
        # don't have sponsorship info because that's in the .changes,
        # which isn't in the archivw.)
        #
        # But, it might be that we are representing archive history
        # updates (including in-archive copies).  These are not really
        # the responsibility of the person who created the .dsc, but
        # there is no-one whose name we should better use.  (The
        # author of the .dsc-named commit is clearly worse.)

        my $useclogp = mergeinfo_getclogp $mergeinputs[0];
        my $author = clogp_authline $useclogp;
        my $cversion = getfield $useclogp, 'Version';

        my $mcf = dgit_privdir()."/mergecommit";
        open MC, ">", $mcf or die "$mcf $!";
        print MC <<END or die $!;
tree $tree
END

        my @parents = grep { $_->{Commit} } @mergeinputs;
        @parents = reverse @parents if $compat_info->{ReverseParents};
        print MC <<END or die $! foreach @parents;
parent $_->{Commit}
END

        print MC <<END or die $!;
author $author
committer $author

END

        if (defined $compat_info->{Message}) {
            print MC $compat_info->{Message} or die $!;
        } else {
            print MC <<END or die $!;
Record $package ($cversion) in archive suite $csuite

Record that
END
            my $message_add_info = sub {
                my ($mi) = (@_);
                my $mversion = mergeinfo_version $mi;
                printf MC "  %-20s %s\n", $mversion, $mi->{Info}
                    or die $!;
            };

            $message_add_info->($mergeinputs[0]);
            print MC <<END or die $!;
should be treated as descended from
END
            $message_add_info->($_) foreach @mergeinputs[1..$#mergeinputs];
        }

        close MC or die $!;
        $hash = make_commit $mcf;
    } else {
        $hash = $mergeinputs[0]{Commit};
    }
    printdebug "fetch hash=$hash\n";

    my $chkff = sub {
        my ($lasth, $what) = @_;
        return unless $lasth;
        die "$lasth $hash $what ?" unless is_fast_fwd($lasth, $hash);
    };

    $chkff->($lastpush_hash, 'dgit repo server tip (last push)')
        if $lastpush_hash;
    $chkff->($lastfetch_hash, 'local tracking tip (last fetch)');

    fetch_from_archive_record_1($hash);

    if (defined $skew_warning_vsn) {
        printdebug "SKEW CHECK WANT $skew_warning_vsn\n";
        my $gotclogp = commit_getclogp($hash);
        my $got_vsn = getfield $gotclogp, 'Version';
        printdebug "SKEW CHECK GOT $got_vsn\n";
        if (version_compare($got_vsn, $skew_warning_vsn) < 0) {
            print STDERR <<END or die $!;

Warning: archive skew detected.  Using the available version:
Archive allegedly contains    $skew_warning_vsn
We were able to obtain only   $got_vsn

END
        }
    }

    if ($lastfetch_hash ne $hash) {
        fetch_from_archive_record_2($hash);
    }

    lrfetchref_used lrfetchref();

    check_gitattrs($hash, "fetched source tree");

    unshift @end, $del_lrfetchrefs;
    return $hash;
}

sub set_local_git_config ($$) {
    my ($k, $v) = @_;
    runcmd @git, qw(config), $k, $v;
}

sub setup_mergechangelogs (;$) {
    my ($always) = @_;
    return unless $always || access_cfg_bool(1, 'setup-mergechangelogs');

    my $driver = 'dpkg-mergechangelogs';
    my $cb = "merge.$driver";
    confess unless defined $maindir;
    my $attrs = "$maindir_gitcommon/info/attributes";
    ensuredir "$maindir_gitcommon/info";

    open NATTRS, ">", "$attrs.new" or die "$attrs.new $!";
    if (!open ATTRS, "<", $attrs) {
        $!==ENOENT or die "$attrs: $!";
    } else {
        while (<ATTRS>) {
            chomp;
            next if m{^debian/changelog\s};
            print NATTRS $_, "\n" or die $!;
        }
        ATTRS->error and die $!;
        close ATTRS;
    }
    print NATTRS "debian/changelog merge=$driver\n" or die $!;
    close NATTRS;

    set_local_git_config "$cb.name", 'debian/changelog merge driver';
    set_local_git_config "$cb.driver", 'dpkg-mergechangelogs -m %O %A %B %A';

    rename "$attrs.new", "$attrs" or die "$attrs: $!";
}

sub setup_useremail (;$) {
    my ($always) = @_;
    return unless $always || access_cfg_bool(1, 'setup-useremail');

    my $setup = sub {
        my ($k, $envvar) = @_;
        my $v = access_cfg("user-$k", 'RETURN-UNDEF') // $ENV{$envvar};
        return unless defined $v;
        set_local_git_config "user.$k", $v;
    };

    $setup->('email', 'DEBEMAIL');
    $setup->('name', 'DEBFULLNAME');
}

sub ensure_setup_existing_tree () {
    my $k = "remote.$remotename.skipdefaultupdate";
    my $c = git_get_config $k;
    return if defined $c;
    set_local_git_config $k, 'true';
}

sub open_main_gitattrs () {
    confess 'internal error no maindir' unless defined $maindir;
    my $gai = new IO::File "$maindir_gitcommon/info/attributes"
        or $!==ENOENT
        or die "open $maindir_gitcommon/info/attributes: $!";
    return $gai;
}

our $gitattrs_ourmacro_re = qr{^\[attr\]dgit-defuse-attrs\s};

sub is_gitattrs_setup () {
    # return values:
    #  trueish
    #     1: gitattributes set up and should be left alone
    #  falseish
    #     0: there is a dgit-defuse-attrs but it needs fixing
    #     undef: there is none
    my $gai = open_main_gitattrs();
    return 0 unless $gai;
    while (<$gai>) {
        next unless m{$gitattrs_ourmacro_re};
        return 1 if m{\s-working-tree-encoding\s};
        printdebug "is_gitattrs_setup: found old macro\n";
        return 0;
    }
    $gai->error and die $!;
    printdebug "is_gitattrs_setup: found nothing\n";
    return undef;
}    

sub setup_gitattrs (;$) {
    my ($always) = @_;
    return unless $always || access_cfg_bool(1, 'setup-gitattributes');

    my $already = is_gitattrs_setup();
    if ($already) {
        progress <<END;
[attr]dgit-defuse-attrs already found, and proper, in .git/info/attributes
 not doing further gitattributes setup
END
        return;
    }
    my $new = "[attr]dgit-defuse-attrs  $negate_harmful_gitattrs";
    my $af = "$maindir_gitcommon/info/attributes";
    ensuredir "$maindir_gitcommon/info";

    open GAO, "> $af.new" or die $!;
    print GAO <<END or die $! unless defined $already;
*       dgit-defuse-attrs
$new
# ^ see GITATTRIBUTES in dgit(7) and dgit setup-new-tree in dgit(1)
END
    my $gai = open_main_gitattrs();
    if ($gai) {
        while (<$gai>) {
            if (m{$gitattrs_ourmacro_re}) {
                die unless defined $already;
                $_ = $new;
            }
            chomp;
            print GAO $_, "\n" or die $!;
        }
        $gai->error and die $!;
    }
    close GAO or die $!;
    rename "$af.new", "$af" or die "install $af: $!";
}

sub setup_new_tree () {
    setup_mergechangelogs();
    setup_useremail();
    setup_gitattrs();
}

sub check_gitattrs ($$) {
    my ($treeish, $what) = @_;

    return if is_gitattrs_setup;

    local $/="\0";
    my @cmd = (@git, qw(ls-tree -lrz --), "${treeish}:");
    debugcmd "|",@cmd;
    my $gafl = new IO::File;
    open $gafl, "-|", @cmd or die $!;
    while (<$gafl>) {
        chomp or die;
        s/^\d+\s+\w+\s+\w+\s+(\d+)\t// or die;
        next if $1 == 0;
        next unless m{(?:^|/)\.gitattributes$};

        # oh dear, found one
        print STDERR <<END;
dgit: warning: $what contains .gitattributes
dgit: .gitattributes not (fully) defused.  Recommended: dgit setup-new-tree.
END
        close $gafl;
        return;
    }
    # tree contains no .gitattributes files
    $?=0; $!=0; close $gafl or failedcmd @cmd;
}


sub multisuite_suite_child ($$$) {
    my ($tsuite, $merginputs, $fn) = @_;
    # in child, sets things up, calls $fn->(), and returns undef
    # in parent, returns canonical suite name for $tsuite
    my $canonsuitefh = IO::File::new_tmpfile;
    my $pid = fork // die $!;
    if (!$pid) {
        forkcheck_setup();
        $isuite = $tsuite;
        $us .= " [$isuite]";
        $debugprefix .= " ";
        progress "fetching $tsuite...";
        canonicalise_suite();
        print $canonsuitefh $csuite, "\n" or die $!;
        close $canonsuitefh or die $!;
        $fn->();
        return undef;
    }
    waitpid $pid,0 == $pid or die $!;
    fail "failed to obtain $tsuite: ".waitstatusmsg() if $? && $?!=256*4;
    seek $canonsuitefh,0,0 or die $!;
    local $csuite = <$canonsuitefh>;
    die $! unless defined $csuite && chomp $csuite;
    if ($? == 256*4) {
        printdebug "multisuite $tsuite missing\n";
        return $csuite;
    }
    printdebug "multisuite $tsuite ok (canon=$csuite)\n";
    push @$merginputs, {
        Ref => lrref,
        Info => $csuite,
    };
    return $csuite;
}

sub fork_for_multisuite ($) {
    my ($before_fetch_merge) = @_;
    # if nothing unusual, just returns ''
    #
    # if multisuite:
    # returns 0 to caller in child, to do first of the specified suites
    # in child, $csuite is not yet set
    #
    # returns 1 to caller in parent, to finish up anything needed after
    # in parent, $csuite is set to canonicalised portmanteau

    my $org_isuite = $isuite;
    my @suites = split /\,/, $isuite;
    return '' unless @suites > 1;
    printdebug "fork_for_multisuite: @suites\n";

    my @mergeinputs;

    my $cbasesuite = multisuite_suite_child($suites[0], \@mergeinputs,
                                            sub { });
    return 0 unless defined $cbasesuite;

    fail "package $package missing in (base suite) $cbasesuite"
        unless @mergeinputs;

    my @csuites = ($cbasesuite);

    $before_fetch_merge->();

    foreach my $tsuite (@suites[1..$#suites]) {
        $tsuite =~ s/^-/$cbasesuite-/;
        my $csubsuite = multisuite_suite_child($tsuite, \@mergeinputs,
                                               sub {
            @end = ();
            fetch();
            finish 0;
        });
        # xxx collecte the ref here

        $csubsuite =~ s/^\Q$cbasesuite\E-/-/;
        push @csuites, $csubsuite;
    }

    foreach my $mi (@mergeinputs) {
        my $ref = git_get_ref $mi->{Ref};
        die "$mi->{Ref} ?" unless length $ref;
        $mi->{Commit} = $ref;
    }

    $csuite = join ",", @csuites;

    my $previous = git_get_ref lrref;
    if ($previous) {
        unshift @mergeinputs, {
            Commit => $previous,
            Info => "local combined tracking branch",
            Warning =>
 "archive seems to have rewound: local tracking branch is ahead!",
        };
    }

    foreach my $ix (0..$#mergeinputs) {
        $mergeinputs[$ix]{Index} = $ix;
    }

    @mergeinputs = sort {
        -version_compare(mergeinfo_version $a,
                         mergeinfo_version $b) # highest version first
            or
        $a->{Index} <=> $b->{Index}; # earliest in spec first
    } @mergeinputs;

    my @needed;

  NEEDED:
    foreach my $mi (@mergeinputs) {
        printdebug "multisuite merge check $mi->{Info}\n";
        foreach my $previous (@needed) {
            next unless is_fast_fwd $mi->{Commit}, $previous->{Commit};
            printdebug "multisuite merge un-needed $previous->{Info}\n";
            next NEEDED;
        }
        push @needed, $mi;
        printdebug "multisuite merge this-needed\n";
        $mi->{Character} = '+';
    }

    $needed[0]{Character} = '*';

    my $output = $needed[0]{Commit};

    if (@needed > 1) {
        printdebug "multisuite merge nontrivial\n";
        my $tree = cmdoutput qw(git rev-parse), $needed[0]{Commit}.':';

        my $commit = "tree $tree\n";
        my $msg = "Combine archive branches $csuite [dgit]\n\n".
            "Input branches:\n";

        foreach my $mi (sort { $a->{Index} <=> $b->{Index} } @mergeinputs) {
            printdebug "multisuite merge include $mi->{Info}\n";
            $mi->{Character} //= ' ';
            $commit .= "parent $mi->{Commit}\n";
            $msg .= sprintf " %s  %-25s %s\n",
                $mi->{Character},
                (mergeinfo_version $mi),
                $mi->{Info};
        }
        my $authline = clogp_authline mergeinfo_getclogp $needed[0];
        $msg .= "\nKey\n".
            " * marks the highest version branch, which choose to use\n".
            " + marks each branch which was not already an ancestor\n\n".
            "[dgit multi-suite $csuite]\n";
        $commit .=
            "author $authline\n".
            "committer $authline\n\n";
        $output = make_commit_text $commit.$msg;
        printdebug "multisuite merge generated $output\n";
    }

    fetch_from_archive_record_1($output);
    fetch_from_archive_record_2($output);

    progress "calculated combined tracking suite $csuite";

    return 1;
}

sub clone_set_head () {
    open H, "> .git/HEAD" or die $!;
    print H "ref: ".lref()."\n" or die $!;
    close H or die $!;
}
sub clone_finish ($) {
    my ($dstdir) = @_;
    runcmd @git, qw(reset --hard), lrref();
    runcmd qw(bash -ec), <<'END';
        set -o pipefail
        git ls-tree -r --name-only -z HEAD | \
        xargs -0r touch -h -r . --
END
    printdone "ready for work in $dstdir";
}

sub clone ($) {
    # in multisuite, returns twice!
    # once in parent after first suite fetched,
    # and then again in child after everything is finished
    my ($dstdir) = @_;
    badusage "dry run makes no sense with clone" unless act_local();

    my $multi_fetched = fork_for_multisuite(sub {
        printdebug "multi clone before fetch merge\n";
        changedir $dstdir;
        record_maindir();
    });
    if ($multi_fetched) {
        printdebug "multi clone after fetch merge\n";
        clone_set_head();
        clone_finish($dstdir);
        return;
    }
    printdebug "clone main body\n";

    canonicalise_suite();
    my $hasgit = check_for_git();
    mkdir $dstdir or fail "create \`$dstdir': $!";
    changedir $dstdir;
    runcmd @git, qw(init -q);
    record_maindir();
    setup_new_tree();
    clone_set_head();
    my $giturl = access_giturl(1);
    if (defined $giturl) {
        runcmd @git, qw(remote add), 'origin', $giturl;
    }
    if ($hasgit) {
        progress "fetching existing git history";
        git_fetch_us();
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(fetch origin);
    } else {
        progress "starting new git history";
    }
    fetch_from_archive() or no_such_package;
    my $vcsgiturl = $dsc->{'Vcs-Git'};
    if (length $vcsgiturl) {
        $vcsgiturl =~ s/\s+-b\s+\S+//g;
        runcmd @git, qw(remote add vcs-git), $vcsgiturl;
    }
    clone_finish($dstdir);
}

sub fetch () {
    canonicalise_suite();
    if (check_for_git()) {
        git_fetch_us();
    }
    fetch_from_archive() or no_such_package();
    printdone "fetched into ".lrref();
}

sub pull () {
    my $multi_fetched = fork_for_multisuite(sub { });
    fetch() unless $multi_fetched; # parent
    return if $multi_fetched eq '0'; # child
    runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(merge -m),"Merge from $csuite [dgit]",
        lrref();
    printdone "fetched to ".lrref()." and merged into HEAD";
}

sub check_not_dirty () {
    foreach my $f (qw(local-options local-patch-header)) {
        if (stat_exists "debian/source/$f") {
            fail "git tree contains debian/source/$f";
        }
    }

    return if $ignoredirty;

    git_check_unmodified();
}

sub commit_admin ($) {
    my ($m) = @_;
    progress "$m";
    runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(commit -m), $m;
}

sub quiltify_nofix_bail ($$) {
    my ($headinfo, $xinfo) = @_;
    if ($quilt_mode eq 'nofix') {
        fail "quilt fixup required but quilt mode is \`nofix'\n".
            "HEAD commit".$headinfo." differs from tree implied by ".
            " debian/patches".$xinfo;
    }
}

sub commit_quilty_patch () {
    my $output = cmdoutput @git, qw(status --porcelain);
    my %adds;
    foreach my $l (split /\n/, $output) {
        next unless $l =~ m/\S/;
        if ($l =~ m{^(?:\?\?| [MADRC]) (.pc|debian/patches)}) {
            $adds{$1}++;
        }
    }
    delete $adds{'.pc'}; # if there wasn't one before, don't add it
    if (!%adds) {
        progress "nothing quilty to commit, ok.";
        return;
    }
    quiltify_nofix_bail "", " (wanted to commit patch update)";
    my @adds = map { s/[][*?\\]/\\$&/g; $_; } sort keys %adds;
    runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(add -f), @adds;
    commit_admin <<END
Commit Debian 3.0 (quilt) metadata

[dgit ($our_version) quilt-fixup]
END
}

sub get_source_format () {
    my %options;
    if (open F, "debian/source/options") {
        while (<F>) {
            next if m/^\s*\#/;
            next unless m/\S/;
            s/\s+$//; # ignore missing final newline
            if (m/\s*\#\s*/) {
                my ($k, $v) = ($`, $'); #');
                $v =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;
                $options{$k} = $v;
            } else {
                $options{$_} = 1;
            }
        }
        F->error and die $!;
        close F;
    } else {
        die $! unless $!==&ENOENT;
    }

    if (!open F, "debian/source/format") {
        die $! unless $!==&ENOENT;
        return '';
    }
    $_ = <F>;
    F->error and die $!;
    chomp;
    return ($_, \%options);
}

sub madformat_wantfixup ($) {
    my ($format) = @_;
    return 0 unless $format eq '3.0 (quilt)';
    our $quilt_mode_warned;
    if ($quilt_mode eq 'nocheck') {
        progress "Not doing any fixup of \`$format' due to".
            " ----no-quilt-fixup or --quilt=nocheck"
            unless $quilt_mode_warned++;
        return 0;
    }
    progress "Format \`$format', need to check/update patch stack"
        unless $quilt_mode_warned++;
    return 1;
}

sub maybe_split_brain_save ($$$) {
    my ($headref, $dgitview, $msg) = @_;
    # => message fragment "$saved" describing disposition of $dgitview
    return "commit id $dgitview" unless defined $split_brain_save;
    my @cmd = (shell_cmd 'cd "$1"; shift', $maindir,
               @git, qw(update-ref -m),
               "dgit --dgit-view-save $msg HEAD=$headref",
               $split_brain_save, $dgitview);
    runcmd @cmd;
    return "and left in $split_brain_save";
}

# An "infopair" is a tuple [ $thing, $what ]
# (often $thing is a commit hash; $what is a description)

sub infopair_cond_equal ($$) {
    my ($x,$y) = @_;
    $x->[0] eq $y->[0] or fail <<END;
$x->[1] ($x->[0]) not equal to $y->[1] ($y->[0])
END
};

sub infopair_lrf_tag_lookup ($$) {
    my ($tagnames, $what) = @_;
    # $tagname may be an array ref
    my @tagnames = ref $tagnames ? @$tagnames : ($tagnames);
    printdebug "infopair_lrfetchref_tag_lookup $what @tagnames\n";
    foreach my $tagname (@tagnames) {
        my $lrefname = lrfetchrefs."/tags/$tagname";
        my $tagobj = $lrfetchrefs_f{$lrefname};
        next unless defined $tagobj;
        printdebug "infopair_lrfetchref_tag_lookup $tagobj $tagname $what\n";
        return [ git_rev_parse($tagobj), $what ];
    }
    fail @tagnames==1 ? <<END : <<END;
Wanted tag $what (@tagnames) on dgit server, but not found
END
Wanted tag $what (one of: @tagnames) on dgit server, but not found
END
}

sub infopair_cond_ff ($$) {
    my ($anc,$desc) = @_;
    is_fast_fwd($anc->[0], $desc->[0]) or fail <<END;
$anc->[1] ($anc->[0]) .. $desc->[1] ($desc->[0]) is not fast forward
END
};

sub pseudomerge_version_check ($$) {
    my ($clogp, $archive_hash) = @_;

    my $arch_clogp = commit_getclogp $archive_hash;
    my $i_arch_v = [ (getfield $arch_clogp, 'Version'),
                     'version currently in archive' ];
    if (defined $overwrite_version) {
        if (length $overwrite_version) {
            infopair_cond_equal([ $overwrite_version,
                                  '--overwrite= version' ],
                                $i_arch_v);
        } else {
            my $v = $i_arch_v->[0];
            progress "Checking package changelog for archive version $v ...";
            my $cd;
            eval {
                my @xa = ("-f$v", "-t$v");
                my $vclogp = parsechangelog @xa;
                my $gf = sub {
                    my ($fn) = @_;
                    [ (getfield $vclogp, $fn),
                      "$fn field from dpkg-parsechangelog @xa" ];
                };
                my $cv = $gf->('Version');
                infopair_cond_equal($i_arch_v, $cv);
                $cd = $gf->('Distribution');
            };
            if ($@) {
                $@ =~ s/^dgit: //gm;
                fail "$@".
                    "Perhaps debian/changelog does not mention $v ?";
            }
            fail <<END if $cd->[0] =~ m/UNRELEASED/;
$cd->[1] is $cd->[0]
Your tree seems to based on earlier (not uploaded) $v.
END
        }
    }
    
    printdebug "pseudomerge_version_check i_arch_v @$i_arch_v\n";
    return $i_arch_v;
}

sub pseudomerge_make_commit ($$$$ $$) {
    my ($clogp, $dgitview, $archive_hash, $i_arch_v,
        $msg_cmd, $msg_msg) = @_;
    progress "Declaring that HEAD inciudes all changes in $i_arch_v->[0]...";

    my $tree = cmdoutput qw(git rev-parse), "${dgitview}:";
    my $authline = clogp_authline $clogp;

    chomp $msg_msg;
    $msg_cmd .=
        !defined $overwrite_version ? ""
        : !length  $overwrite_version ? " --overwrite"
        : " --overwrite=".$overwrite_version;

    # Contributing parent is the first parent - that makes
    # git rev-list --first-parent DTRT.
    my $pmf = dgit_privdir()."/pseudomerge";
    open MC, ">", $pmf or die "$pmf $!";
    print MC <<END or die $!;
tree $tree
parent $dgitview
parent $archive_hash
author $authline
committer $authline

$msg_msg

[$msg_cmd]
END
    close MC or die $!;

    return make_commit($pmf);
}

sub splitbrain_pseudomerge ($$$$) {
    my ($clogp, $maintview, $dgitview, $archive_hash) = @_;
    # => $merged_dgitview
    printdebug "splitbrain_pseudomerge...\n";
    #
    #     We:      debian/PREVIOUS    HEAD($maintview)
    # expect:          o ----------------- o
    #                    \                   \
    #                     o                   o
    #                 a/d/PREVIOUS        $dgitview
    #                $archive_hash              \
    #  If so,                \                   \
    #  we do:                 `------------------ o
    #   this:                                   $dgitview'
    #

    return $dgitview unless defined $archive_hash;
    return $dgitview if deliberately_not_fast_forward();

    printdebug "splitbrain_pseudomerge...\n";

    my $i_arch_v = pseudomerge_version_check($clogp, $archive_hash);

    if (!defined $overwrite_version) {
        progress "Checking that HEAD inciudes all changes in archive...";
    }

    return $dgitview if is_fast_fwd $archive_hash, $dgitview;

    if (defined $overwrite_version) {
    } elsif (!eval {
        my $t_dep14 = debiantag_maintview $i_arch_v->[0], access_nomdistro;
        my $i_dep14 = infopair_lrf_tag_lookup($t_dep14, "maintainer view tag");
        my $t_dgit = debiantag_new $i_arch_v->[0], access_nomdistro;
        my $i_dgit = infopair_lrf_tag_lookup($t_dgit, "dgit view tag");
        my $i_archive = [ $archive_hash, "current archive contents" ];

        printdebug "splitbrain_pseudomerge i_archive @$i_archive\n";

        infopair_cond_equal($i_dgit, $i_archive);
        infopair_cond_ff($i_dep14, $i_dgit);
        infopair_cond_ff($i_dep14, [ $maintview, 'HEAD' ]);
        1;
    }) {
        print STDERR <<END;
$us: check failed (maybe --overwrite is needed, consult documentation)
END
        die "$@";
    }

    my $r = pseudomerge_make_commit
        $clogp, $dgitview, $archive_hash, $i_arch_v,
        "dgit --quilt=$quilt_mode",
        (defined $overwrite_version ? <<END_OVERWR : <<END_MAKEFF);
Declare fast forward from $i_arch_v->[0]
END_OVERWR
Make fast forward from $i_arch_v->[0]
END_MAKEFF

    maybe_split_brain_save $maintview, $r, "pseudomerge";

    progress "Made pseudo-merge of $i_arch_v->[0] into dgit view.";
    return $r;
}       

sub plain_overwrite_pseudomerge ($$$) {
    my ($clogp, $head, $archive_hash) = @_;

    printdebug "plain_overwrite_pseudomerge...";

    my $i_arch_v = pseudomerge_version_check($clogp, $archive_hash);

    return $head if is_fast_fwd $archive_hash, $head;

    my $m = "Declare fast forward from $i_arch_v->[0]";

    my $r = pseudomerge_make_commit
        $clogp, $head, $archive_hash, $i_arch_v,
        "dgit", $m;

    runcmd @git, qw(update-ref -m), $m, 'HEAD', $r, $head;

    progress "Make pseudo-merge of $i_arch_v->[0] into your HEAD.";
    return $r;
}

sub push_parse_changelog ($) {
    my ($clogpfn) = @_;

    my $clogp = Dpkg::Control::Hash->new();
    $clogp->load($clogpfn) or die;

    my $clogpackage = getfield $clogp, 'Source';
    $package //= $clogpackage;
    fail "-p specified $package but changelog specified $clogpackage"
        unless $package eq $clogpackage;
    my $cversion = getfield $clogp, 'Version';

    if (!$we_are_initiator) {
        # rpush initiator can't do this because it doesn't have $isuite yet
        my $tag = debiantag($cversion, access_nomdistro);
        runcmd @git, qw(check-ref-format), $tag;
    }

    my $dscfn = dscfn($cversion);

    return ($clogp, $cversion, $dscfn);
}

sub push_parse_dsc ($$$) {
    my ($dscfn,$dscfnwhat, $cversion) = @_;
    $dsc = parsecontrol($dscfn,$dscfnwhat);
    my $dversion = getfield $dsc, 'Version';
    my $dscpackage = getfield $dsc, 'Source';
    ($dscpackage eq $package && $dversion eq $cversion) or
        fail "$dscfn is for $dscpackage $dversion".
            " but debian/changelog is for $package $cversion";
}

sub push_tagwants ($$$$) {
    my ($cversion, $dgithead, $maintviewhead, $tfbase) = @_;
    my @tagwants;
    push @tagwants, {
        TagFn => \&debiantag,
        Objid => $dgithead,
        TfSuffix => '',
        View => 'dgit',
    };
    if (defined $maintviewhead) {
        push @tagwants, {
            TagFn => \&debiantag_maintview,
            Objid => $maintviewhead,
            TfSuffix => '-maintview',
            View => 'maint',
        };
    } elsif ($dodep14tag eq 'no' ? 0
             : $dodep14tag eq 'want' ? access_cfg_tagformats_can_splitbrain
             : $dodep14tag eq 'always'
             ? (access_cfg_tagformats_can_splitbrain or fail <<END)
--dep14tag-always (or equivalent in config) means server must support
 both "new" and "maint" tag formats, but config says it doesn't.
END
            : die "$dodep14tag ?") {
        push @tagwants, {
            TagFn => \&debiantag_maintview,
            Objid => $dgithead,
            TfSuffix => '-dgit',
            View => 'dgit',
        };
    };
    foreach my $tw (@tagwants) {
        $tw->{Tag} = $tw->{TagFn}($cversion, access_nomdistro);
        $tw->{Tfn} = sub { $tfbase.$tw->{TfSuffix}.$_[0]; };
    }
    printdebug 'push_tagwants: ', Dumper(\@_, \@tagwants);
    return @tagwants;
}

sub push_mktags ($$ $$ $) {
    my ($clogp,$dscfn,
        $changesfile,$changesfilewhat,
        $tagwants) = @_;

    die unless $tagwants->[0]{View} eq 'dgit';

    my $declaredistro = access_nomdistro();
    my $reader_giturl = do { local $access_forpush=0; access_giturl(); };
    $dsc->{$ourdscfield[0]} = join " ",
        $tagwants->[0]{Objid}, $declaredistro, $tagwants->[0]{Tag},
        $reader_giturl;
    $dsc->save("$dscfn.tmp") or die $!;

    my $changes = parsecontrol($changesfile,$changesfilewhat);
    foreach my $field (qw(Source Distribution Version)) {
        $changes->{$field} eq $clogp->{$field} or
            fail "changes field $field \`$changes->{$field}'".
                " does not match changelog \`$clogp->{$field}'";
    }

    my $cversion = getfield $clogp, 'Version';
    my $clogsuite = getfield $clogp, 'Distribution';

    # We make the git tag by hand because (a) that makes it easier
    # to control the "tagger" (b) we can do remote signing
    my $authline = clogp_authline $clogp;
    my $delibs = join(" ", "",@deliberatelies);

    my $mktag = sub {
        my ($tw) = @_;
        my $tfn = $tw->{Tfn};
        my $head = $tw->{Objid};
        my $tag = $tw->{Tag};

        open TO, '>', $tfn->('.tmp') or die $!;
        print TO <<END or die $!;
object $head
type commit
tag $tag
tagger $authline

END
        if ($tw->{View} eq 'dgit') {
            print TO <<END or die $!;
$package release $cversion for $clogsuite ($csuite) [dgit]
[dgit distro=$declaredistro$delibs]
END
            foreach my $ref (sort keys %previously) {
                print TO <<END or die $!;
[dgit previously:$ref=$previously{$ref}]
END
            }
        } elsif ($tw->{View} eq 'maint') {
            print TO <<END or die $!;
$package release $cversion for $clogsuite ($csuite)
(maintainer view tag generated by dgit --quilt=$quilt_mode)
END
        } else {
            die Dumper($tw)."?";
        }

        close TO or die $!;

        my $tagobjfn = $tfn->('.tmp');
        if ($sign) {
            if (!defined $keyid) {
                $keyid = access_cfg('keyid','RETURN-UNDEF');
            }
            if (!defined $keyid) {
                $keyid = getfield $clogp, 'Maintainer';
            }
            unlink $tfn->('.tmp.asc') or $!==&ENOENT or die $!;
            my @sign_cmd = (@gpg, qw(--detach-sign --armor));
            push @sign_cmd, qw(-u),$keyid if defined $keyid;
            push @sign_cmd, $tfn->('.tmp');
            runcmd_ordryrun @sign_cmd;
            if (act_scary()) {
                $tagobjfn = $tfn->('.signed.tmp');
                runcmd shell_cmd "exec >$tagobjfn", qw(cat --),
                    $tfn->('.tmp'), $tfn->('.tmp.asc');
            }
        }
        return $tagobjfn;
    };

    my @r = map { $mktag->($_); } @$tagwants;
    return @r;
}

sub sign_changes ($) {
    my ($changesfile) = @_;
    if ($sign) {
        my @debsign_cmd = @debsign;
        push @debsign_cmd, "-k$keyid" if defined $keyid;
        push @debsign_cmd, "-p$gpg[0]" if $gpg[0] ne 'gpg';
        push @debsign_cmd, $changesfile;
        runcmd_ordryrun @debsign_cmd;
    }
}

sub dopush () {
    printdebug "actually entering push\n";

    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, while checking state of the archive.
You can retry the push, after fixing the problem, if you like.
END
    if (check_for_git()) {
        git_fetch_us();
    }
    my $archive_hash = fetch_from_archive();
    if (!$archive_hash) {
        $new_package or
            fail "package appears to be new in this suite;".
                " if this is intentional, use --new";
    }

    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, while preparing your push.
You can retry the push, after fixing the problem, if you like.
END

    need_tagformat 'new', "quilt mode $quilt_mode"
        if quiltmode_splitbrain;

    prep_ud();

    access_giturl(); # check that success is vaguely likely
    rpush_handle_protovsn_bothends() if $we_are_initiator;
    select_tagformat();

    my $clogpfn = dgit_privdir()."/changelog.822.tmp";
    runcmd shell_cmd "exec >$clogpfn", qw(dpkg-parsechangelog);

    responder_send_file('parsed-changelog', $clogpfn);

    my ($clogp, $cversion, $dscfn) =
        push_parse_changelog("$clogpfn");

    my $dscpath = "$buildproductsdir/$dscfn";
    stat_exists $dscpath or
        fail "looked for .dsc $dscpath, but $!;".
            " maybe you forgot to build";

    responder_send_file('dsc', $dscpath);

    push_parse_dsc($dscpath, $dscfn, $cversion);

    my $format = getfield $dsc, 'Format';
    printdebug "format $format\n";

    my $symref = git_get_symref();
    my $actualhead = git_rev_parse('HEAD');

    if (branch_is_gdr_unstitched_ff($symref, $actualhead, $archive_hash)) {
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @git_debrebase, 'stitch';
        $actualhead = git_rev_parse('HEAD');
    }

    my $dgithead = $actualhead;
    my $maintviewhead = undef;

    my $upstreamversion = upstreamversion $clogp->{Version};

    if (madformat_wantfixup($format)) {
        # user might have not used dgit build, so maybe do this now:
        if (quiltmode_splitbrain()) {
            changedir $playground;
            quilt_make_fake_dsc($upstreamversion);
            my $cachekey;
            ($dgithead, $cachekey) =
                quilt_check_splitbrain_cache($actualhead, $upstreamversion);
            $dgithead or fail
 "--quilt=$quilt_mode but no cached dgit view:
 perhaps HEAD changed since dgit build[-source] ?";
            $split_brain = 1;
            $dgithead = splitbrain_pseudomerge($clogp,
                                               $actualhead, $dgithead,
                                               $archive_hash);
            $maintviewhead = $actualhead;
            changedir $maindir;
            prep_ud(); # so _only_subdir() works, below
        } else {
            commit_quilty_patch();
        }
    }

    if (defined $overwrite_version && !defined $maintviewhead
        && $archive_hash) {
        $dgithead = plain_overwrite_pseudomerge($clogp,
                                                $dgithead,
                                                $archive_hash);
    }

    check_not_dirty();

    my $forceflag = '';
    if ($archive_hash) {
        if (is_fast_fwd($archive_hash, $dgithead)) {
            # ok
        } elsif (deliberately_not_fast_forward) {
            $forceflag = '+';
        } else {
            fail "dgit push: HEAD is not a descendant".
                " of the archive's version.\n".
                "To overwrite the archive's contents,".
                " pass --overwrite[=VERSION].\n".
                "To rewind history, if permitted by the archive,".
                " use --deliberately-not-fast-forward.";
        }
    }

    changedir $playground;
    progress "checking that $dscfn corresponds to HEAD";
    runcmd qw(dpkg-source -x --),
        $dscpath =~ m#^/# ? $dscpath : "$maindir/$dscpath";
    my ($tree,$dir) = mktree_in_ud_from_only_subdir("source package");
    check_for_vendor_patches() if madformat($dsc->{format});
    changedir $maindir;
    my @diffcmd = (@git, qw(diff --quiet), $tree, $dgithead);
    debugcmd "+",@diffcmd;
    $!=0; $?=-1;
    my $r = system @diffcmd;
    if ($r) {
        if ($r==256) {
            my $referent = $split_brain ? $dgithead : 'HEAD';
            my $diffs = cmdoutput @git, qw(diff --stat), $tree, $dgithead;

            my @mode_changes;
            my $raw = cmdoutput @git,
                qw(diff --no-renames -z -r --raw), $tree, $dgithead;
            my $changed;
            foreach (split /\0/, $raw) {
                if (defined $changed) {
                    push @mode_changes, "$changed: $_\n" if $changed;
                    $changed = undef;
                    next;
                } elsif (m/^:0+ 0+ /) {
                    $changed = '';
                } elsif (m/^:(?:10*)?(\d+) (?:10*)?(\d+) /) {
                    $changed = "Mode change from $1 to $2"
                } else {
                    die "$_ ?";
                }
            }
            if (@mode_changes) {
                fail <<END.(join '', @mode_changes).<<END;
HEAD specifies a different tree to $dscfn:
$diffs
END
There is a problem with your source tree (see dgit(7) for some hints).
To see a full diff, run git diff $tree $referent
END
            }

            fail <<END;
HEAD specifies a different tree to $dscfn:
$diffs
Perhaps you forgot to build.  Or perhaps there is a problem with your
 source tree (see dgit(7) for some hints).  To see a full diff, run
   git diff $tree $referent
END
        } else {
            failedcmd @diffcmd;
        }
    }
    if (!$changesfile) {
        my $pat = changespat $cversion;
        my @cs = glob "$buildproductsdir/$pat";
        fail "failed to find unique changes file".
            " (looked for $pat in $buildproductsdir);".
            " perhaps you need to use dgit -C"
            unless @cs==1;
        ($changesfile) = @cs;
    } else {
        $changesfile = "$buildproductsdir/$changesfile";
    }

    # Check that changes and .dsc agree enough
    $changesfile =~ m{[^/]*$};
    my $changes = parsecontrol($changesfile,$&);
    files_compare_inputs($dsc, $changes)
        unless forceing [qw(dsc-changes-mismatch)];

    # Perhaps adjust .dsc to contain right set of origs
    changes_update_origs_from_dsc($dsc, $changes, $upstreamversion,
                                  $changesfile)
        unless forceing [qw(changes-origs-exactly)];

    # Checks complete, we're going to try and go ahead:

    responder_send_file('changes',$changesfile);
    responder_send_command("param head $dgithead");
    responder_send_command("param csuite $csuite");
    responder_send_command("param isuite $isuite");
    responder_send_command("param tagformat $tagformat");
    if (defined $maintviewhead) {
        die unless ($protovsn//4) >= 4;
        responder_send_command("param maint-view $maintviewhead");
    }

    # Perhaps send buildinfo(s) for signing
    my $changes_files = getfield $changes, 'Files';
    my @buildinfos = ($changes_files =~ m/ .* (\S+\.buildinfo)$/mg);
    foreach my $bi (@buildinfos) {
        responder_send_command("param buildinfo-filename $bi");
        responder_send_file('buildinfo', "$buildproductsdir/$bi");
    }

    if (deliberately_not_fast_forward) {
        git_for_each_ref(lrfetchrefs, sub {
            my ($objid,$objtype,$lrfetchrefname,$reftail) = @_;
            my $rrefname= substr($lrfetchrefname, length(lrfetchrefs) + 1);
            responder_send_command("previously $rrefname=$objid");
            $previously{$rrefname} = $objid;
        });
    }

    my @tagwants = push_tagwants($cversion, $dgithead, $maintviewhead,
                                 dgit_privdir()."/tag");
    my @tagobjfns;

    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, while signing the tag.
You can retry the push, after fixing the problem, if you like.
END
    # If we manage to sign but fail to record it anywhere, it's fine.
    if ($we_are_responder) {
        @tagobjfns = map { $_->{Tfn}('.signed-tmp') } @tagwants;
        responder_receive_files('signed-tag', @tagobjfns);
    } else {
        @tagobjfns = push_mktags($clogp,$dscpath,
                              $changesfile,$changesfile,
                              \@tagwants);
    }
    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, *after* signing the tag.
If you want to try again, you should use a new version number.
END

    pairwise { $a->{TagObjFn} = $b } @tagwants, @tagobjfns;

    foreach my $tw (@tagwants) {
        my $tag = $tw->{Tag};
        my $tagobjfn = $tw->{TagObjFn};
        my $tag_obj_hash =
            cmdoutput @git, qw(hash-object -w -t tag), $tagobjfn;
        runcmd_ordryrun @git, qw(verify-tag), $tag_obj_hash;
        runcmd_ordryrun_local
            @git, qw(update-ref), "refs/tags/$tag", $tag_obj_hash;
    }

    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, while updating the remote git repository - see messages above.
If you want to try again, you should use a new version number.
END
    if (!check_for_git()) {
        create_remote_git_repo();
    }

    my @pushrefs = $forceflag.$dgithead.":".rrref();
    foreach my $tw (@tagwants) {
        push @pushrefs, $forceflag."refs/tags/$tw->{Tag}";
    }

    runcmd_ordryrun @git,
        qw(-c push.followTags=false push), access_giturl(), @pushrefs;
    runcmd_ordryrun @git, qw(update-ref -m), 'dgit push', lrref(), $dgithead;

    supplementary_message(<<'END');
Push failed, while obtaining signatures on the .changes and .dsc.
If it was just that the signature failed, you may try again by using
debsign by hand to sign the changes
   $changesfile
and then dput to complete the upload.
If you need to change the package, you must use a new version number.
END
    if ($we_are_responder) {
        my $dryrunsuffix = act_local() ? "" : ".tmp";
        my @rfiles = ($dscpath, $changesfile);
        push @rfiles, map { "$buildproductsdir/$_" } @buildinfos;
        responder_receive_files('signed-dsc-changes',
                                map { "$_$dryrunsuffix" } @rfiles);
    } else {
        if (act_local()) {
            rename "$dscpath.tmp",$dscpath or die "$dscfn $!";
        } else {
            progress "[new .dsc left in $dscpath.tmp]";
        }
        sign_changes $changesfile;
    }

    supplementary_message(<<END);
Push failed, while uploading package(s) to the archive server.
You can retry the upload of exactly these same files with dput of:
  $changesfile
If that .changes file is broken, you will need to use a new version
number for your next attempt at the upload.
END
    my $host = access_cfg('upload-host','RETURN-UNDEF');
    my @hostarg = defined($host) ? ($host,) : ();
    runcmd_ordryrun @dput, @hostarg, $changesfile;
    printdone "pushed and uploaded $cversion";

    supplementary_message('');
    responder_send_command("complete");
}

sub pre_clone () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_clone {
    parseopts();
    my $dstdir;
    badusage "-p is not allowed with clone; specify as argument instead"
        if defined $package;
    if (@ARGV==1) {
        ($package) = @ARGV;
    } elsif (@ARGV==2 && $ARGV[1] =~ m#^\w#) {
        ($package,$isuite) = @ARGV;
    } elsif (@ARGV==2 && $ARGV[1] =~ m#^[./]#) {
        ($package,$dstdir) = @ARGV;
    } elsif (@ARGV==3) {
        ($package,$isuite,$dstdir) = @ARGV;
    } else {
        badusage "incorrect arguments to dgit clone";
    }
    notpushing();

    $dstdir ||= "$package";
    if (stat_exists $dstdir) {
        fail "$dstdir already exists";
    }

    my $cwd_remove;
    if ($rmonerror && !$dryrun_level) {
        $cwd_remove= getcwd();
        unshift @end, sub { 
            return unless defined $cwd_remove;
            if (!chdir "$cwd_remove") {
                return if $!==&ENOENT;
                die "chdir $cwd_remove: $!";
            }
            printdebug "clone rmonerror removing $dstdir\n";
            if (stat $dstdir) {
                rmtree($dstdir) or die "remove $dstdir: $!\n";
            } elsif (grep { $! == $_ }
                     (ENOENT, ENOTDIR, EACCES, EPERM, ELOOP)) {
            } else {
                print STDERR "check whether to remove $dstdir: $!\n";
            }
        };
    }

    clone($dstdir);
    $cwd_remove = undef;
}

sub branchsuite () {
    my $branch = git_get_symref();
    if (defined $branch && $branch =~ m#$lbranch_re#o) {
        return $1;
    } else {
        return undef;
    }
}

sub fetchpullargs () {
    if (!defined $package) {
        my $sourcep = parsecontrol('debian/control','debian/control');
        $package = getfield $sourcep, 'Source';
    }
    if (@ARGV==0) {
        $isuite = branchsuite();
        if (!$isuite) {
            my $clogp = parsechangelog();
            my $clogsuite = getfield $clogp, 'Distribution';
            $isuite= $clogsuite if $clogsuite ne 'UNRELEASED';
        }
    } elsif (@ARGV==1) {
        ($isuite) = @ARGV;
    } else {
        badusage "incorrect arguments to dgit fetch or dgit pull";
    }
    notpushing();
}

sub cmd_fetch {
    parseopts();
    fetchpullargs();
    my $multi_fetched = fork_for_multisuite(sub { });
    finish 0 if $multi_fetched;
    fetch();
}

sub cmd_pull {
    parseopts();
    fetchpullargs();
    if (quiltmode_splitbrain()) {
        my ($format, $fopts) = get_source_format();
        madformat($format) and fail <<END
dgit pull not yet supported in split view mode (--quilt=$quilt_mode)
END
    }
    pull();
}

sub cmd_update_vcs_git () {
    my $specsuite;
    if (@ARGV==0 || $ARGV[0] =~ m/^-/) {
        ($specsuite,) = split /\;/, cfg 'dgit.vcs-git.suites';
    } else {
        ($specsuite) = (@ARGV);
        shift @ARGV;
    }
    my $dofetch=1;
    if (@ARGV) {
        if ($ARGV[0] eq '-') {
            $dofetch = 0;
        } elsif ($ARGV[0] eq '-') {
            shift;
        }
    }

    my $sourcep = parsecontrol 'debian/control', 'debian/control';
    $package = getfield $sourcep, 'Source';
    my $ctrl;
    if ($specsuite eq '.') {
        $ctrl = $sourcep;
    } else {
        $isuite = $specsuite;
        get_archive_dsc();
        $ctrl = $dsc;
    }
    my $url = getfield $ctrl, 'Vcs-Git';

    my @cmd;
    my $orgurl = cfg 'remote.vcs-git.url', 'RETURN-UNDEF';
    if (!defined $orgurl) {
        print STDERR "setting up vcs-git: $url\n";
        @cmd = (@git, qw(remote add vcs-git), $url);
    } elsif ($orgurl eq $url) {
        print STDERR "vcs git already configured: $url\n";
    } else {
        print STDERR "changing vcs-git url to: $url\n";
        @cmd = (@git, qw(remote set-url vcs-git), $url);
    }
    runcmd_ordryrun_local @cmd;
    if ($dofetch) {
        print "fetching (@ARGV)\n";
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(fetch vcs-git), @ARGV;
    }
}

sub prep_push () {
    parseopts();
    build_or_push_prep_early();
    pushing();
    check_not_dirty();
    my $specsuite;
    if (@ARGV==0) {
    } elsif (@ARGV==1) {
        ($specsuite) = (@ARGV);
    } else {
        badusage "incorrect arguments to dgit $subcommand";
    }
    if ($new_package) {
        local ($package) = $existing_package; # this is a hack
        canonicalise_suite();
    } else {
        canonicalise_suite();
    }
    if (defined $specsuite &&
        $specsuite ne $isuite &&
        $specsuite ne $csuite) {
            fail "dgit $subcommand: changelog specifies $isuite ($csuite)".
                " but command line specifies $specsuite";
    }
}

sub cmd_push {
    prep_push();
    dopush();
}

sub cmd_push_source {
    prep_push();
    if ($changesfile) {
        my $changes = parsecontrol("$buildproductsdir/$changesfile",
                                   "source changes file");
        unless (test_source_only_changes($changes)) {
            fail "user-specified changes file is not source-only";
        }
    } else {
        # Building a source package is very fast, so just do it
        build_source_for_push();
    }
    dopush();
}

#---------- remote commands' implementation ----------

sub pre_remote_push_build_host {
    my ($nrargs) = shift @ARGV;
    my (@rargs) = @ARGV[0..$nrargs-1];
    @ARGV = @ARGV[$nrargs..$#ARGV];
    die unless @rargs;
    my ($dir,$vsnwant) = @rargs;
    # vsnwant is a comma-separated list; we report which we have
    # chosen in our ready response (so other end can tell if they
    # offered several)
    $debugprefix = ' ';
    $we_are_responder = 1;
    $us .= " (build host)";

    open PI, "<&STDIN" or die $!;
    open STDIN, "/dev/null" or die $!;
    open PO, ">&STDOUT" or die $!;
    autoflush PO 1;
    open STDOUT, ">&STDERR" or die $!;
    autoflush STDOUT 1;

    $vsnwant //= 1;
    ($protovsn) = grep {
        $vsnwant =~ m{^(?:.*,)?$_(?:,.*)?$}
    } @rpushprotovsn_support;

    fail "build host has dgit rpush protocol versions ".
        (join ",", @rpushprotovsn_support).
        " but invocation host has $vsnwant"
        unless defined $protovsn;

    changedir $dir;
}
sub cmd_remote_push_build_host {
    responder_send_command("dgit-remote-push-ready $protovsn");
    &cmd_push;
}

sub pre_remote_push_responder { pre_remote_push_build_host(); }
sub cmd_remote_push_responder { cmd_remote_push_build_host(); }
# ... for compatibility with proto vsn.1 dgit (just so that user gets
#     a good error message)

sub rpush_handle_protovsn_bothends () {
    if ($protovsn < 4) {
        need_tagformat 'old', "rpush negotiated protocol $protovsn";
    }
    select_tagformat();
}

our $i_tmp;

sub i_cleanup {
    local ($@, $?);
    my $report = i_child_report();
    if (defined $report) {
        printdebug "($report)\n";
    } elsif ($i_child_pid) {
        printdebug "(killing build host child $i_child_pid)\n";
        kill 15, $i_child_pid;
    }
    if (defined $i_tmp && !defined $initiator_tempdir) {
        changedir "/";
        eval { rmtree $i_tmp; };
    }
}

END {
    return unless forkcheck_mainprocess();
    i_cleanup();
}

sub i_method {
    my ($base,$selector,@args) = @_;
    $selector =~ s/\-/_/g;
    { no strict qw(refs); &{"${base}_${selector}"}(@args); }
}

sub pre_rpush () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_rpush {
    my $host = nextarg;
    my $dir;
    if ($host =~ m/^((?:[^][]|\[[^][]*\])*)\:/) {
        $host = $1;
        $dir = $'; #';
    } else {
        $dir = nextarg;
    }
    $dir =~ s{^-}{./-};
    my @rargs = ($dir);
    push @rargs, join ",", @rpushprotovsn_support;
    my @rdgit;
    push @rdgit, @dgit;
    push @rdgit, @ropts;
    push @rdgit, qw(remote-push-build-host), (scalar @rargs), @rargs;
    push @rdgit, @ARGV;
    my @cmd = (@ssh, $host, shellquote @rdgit);
    debugcmd "+",@cmd;

    $we_are_initiator=1;

    if (defined $initiator_tempdir) {
        rmtree $initiator_tempdir;
        mkdir $initiator_tempdir, 0700 or die "$initiator_tempdir: $!";
        $i_tmp = $initiator_tempdir;
    } else {
        $i_tmp = tempdir();
    }
    $i_child_pid = open2(\*RO, \*RI, @cmd);
    changedir $i_tmp;
    ($protovsn) = initiator_expect { m/^dgit-remote-push-ready (\S+)/ };
    die "$protovsn ?" unless grep { $_ eq $protovsn } @rpushprotovsn_support;
    $supplementary_message = '' unless $protovsn >= 3;

    for (;;) {
        my ($icmd,$iargs) = initiator_expect {
            m/^(\S+)(?: (.*))?$/;
            ($1,$2);
        };
        i_method "i_resp", $icmd, $iargs;
    }
}

sub i_resp_progress ($) {
    my ($rhs) = @_;
    my $msg = protocol_read_bytes \*RO, $rhs;
    progress $msg;
}

sub i_resp_supplementary_message ($) {
    my ($rhs) = @_;
    $supplementary_message = protocol_read_bytes \*RO, $rhs;
}

sub i_resp_complete {
    my $pid = $i_child_pid;
    $i_child_pid = undef; # prevents killing some other process with same pid
    printdebug "waiting for build host child $pid...\n";
    my $got = waitpid $pid, 0;
    die $! unless $got == $pid;
    die "build host child failed $?" if $?;

    i_cleanup();
    printdebug "all done\n";
    finish 0;
}

sub i_resp_file ($) {
    my ($keyword) = @_;
    my $localname = i_method "i_localname", $keyword;
    my $localpath = "$i_tmp/$localname";
    stat_exists $localpath and
        badproto \*RO, "file $keyword ($localpath) twice";
    protocol_receive_file \*RO, $localpath;
    i_method "i_file", $keyword;
}

our %i_param;

sub i_resp_param ($) {
    $_[0] =~ m/^(\S+) (.*)$/ or badproto \*RO, "bad param spec";
    $i_param{$1} = $2;
}

sub i_resp_previously ($) {
    $_[0] =~ m#^(refs/tags/\S+)=(\w+)$#
        or badproto \*RO, "bad previously spec";
    my $r = system qw(git check-ref-format), $1;
    die "bad previously ref spec ($r)" if $r;
    $previously{$1} = $2;
}

our %i_wanted;

sub i_resp_want ($) {
    my ($keyword) = @_;
    die "$keyword ?" if $i_wanted{$keyword}++;
    
    defined $i_param{'csuite'} or badproto \*RO, "premature desire, no csuite";
    $isuite = $i_param{'isuite'} // $i_param{'csuite'};
    die unless $isuite =~ m/^$suite_re$/;

    pushing();
    rpush_handle_protovsn_bothends();

    fail "rpush negotiated protocol version $protovsn".
        " which does not support quilt mode $quilt_mode"
        if quiltmode_splitbrain;

    my @localpaths = i_method "i_want", $keyword;
    printdebug "[[  $keyword @localpaths\n";
    foreach my $localpath (@localpaths) {
        protocol_send_file \*RI, $localpath;
    }
    print RI "files-end\n" or die $!;
}

our ($i_clogp, $i_version, $i_dscfn, $i_changesfn, @i_buildinfos);

sub i_localname_parsed_changelog {
    return "remote-changelog.822";
}
sub i_file_parsed_changelog {
    ($i_clogp, $i_version, $i_dscfn) =
        push_parse_changelog "$i_tmp/remote-changelog.822";
    die if $i_dscfn =~ m#/|^\W#;
}

sub i_localname_dsc {
    defined $i_dscfn or badproto \*RO, "dsc (before parsed-changelog)";
    return $i_dscfn;
}
sub i_file_dsc { }

sub i_localname_buildinfo ($) {
    my $bi = $i_param{'buildinfo-filename'};
    defined $bi or badproto \*RO, "buildinfo before filename";
    defined $i_changesfn or badproto \*RO, "buildinfo before changes";
    $bi =~ m{^\Q$package\E_[!-.0-~]*\.buildinfo$}s
        or badproto \*RO, "improper buildinfo filename";
    return $&;
}
sub i_file_buildinfo {
    my $bi = $i_param{'buildinfo-filename'};
    my $bd = parsecontrol "$i_tmp/$bi", $bi;
    my $ch = parsecontrol "$i_tmp/$i_changesfn", 'changes';
    if (!forceing [qw(buildinfo-changes-mismatch)]) {
        files_compare_inputs($bd, $ch);
        (getfield $bd, $_) eq (getfield $ch, $_) or
            fail "buildinfo mismatch $_"
            foreach qw(Source Version);
        !defined $bd->{$_} or
            fail "buildinfo contains $_"
            foreach qw(Changes Changed-by Distribution);
    }
    push @i_buildinfos, $bi;
    delete $i_param{'buildinfo-filename'};
}

sub i_localname_changes {
    defined $i_dscfn or badproto \*RO, "dsc (before parsed-changelog)";
    $i_changesfn = $i_dscfn;
    $i_changesfn =~ s/\.dsc$/_dgit.changes/ or die;
    return $i_changesfn;
}
sub i_file_changes { }

sub i_want_signed_tag {
    printdebug Dumper(\%i_param, $i_dscfn);
    defined $i_param{'head'} && defined $i_dscfn && defined $i_clogp
        && defined $i_param{'csuite'}
        or badproto \*RO, "premature desire for signed-tag";
    my $head = $i_param{'head'};
    die if $head =~ m/[^0-9a-f]/ || $head !~ m/^../;

    my $maintview = $i_param{'maint-view'};
    die if defined $maintview && $maintview =~ m/[^0-9a-f]/;

    select_tagformat();
    if ($protovsn >= 4) {
        my $p = $i_param{'tagformat'} // '<undef>';
        $p eq $tagformat
            or badproto \*RO, "tag format mismatch: $p vs. $tagformat";
    }

    die unless $i_param{'csuite'} =~ m/^$suite_re$/;
    $csuite = $&;
    push_parse_dsc $i_dscfn, 'remote dsc', $i_version;

    my @tagwants = push_tagwants $i_version, $head, $maintview, "tag";

    return
        push_mktags $i_clogp, $i_dscfn,
            $i_changesfn, 'remote changes',
            \@tagwants;
}

sub i_want_signed_dsc_changes {
    rename "$i_dscfn.tmp","$i_dscfn" or die "$i_dscfn $!";
    sign_changes $i_changesfn;
    return ($i_dscfn, $i_changesfn, @i_buildinfos);
}

#---------- building etc. ----------

our $version;
our $sourcechanges;
our $dscfn;

#----- `3.0 (quilt)' handling -----

our $fakeeditorenv = 'DGIT_FAKE_EDITOR_QUILT';

sub quiltify_dpkg_commit ($$$;$) {
    my ($patchname,$author,$msg, $xinfo) = @_;
    $xinfo //= '';

    mkpath '.git/dgit'; # we are in playtree
    my $descfn = ".git/dgit/quilt-description.tmp";
    open O, '>', $descfn or die "$descfn: $!";
    $msg =~ s/\n+/\n\n/;
    print O <<END or die $!;
From: $author
${xinfo}Subject: $msg
---

END
    close O or die $!;

    {
        local $ENV{'EDITOR'} = cmdoutput qw(realpath --), $0;
        local $ENV{'VISUAL'} = $ENV{'EDITOR'};
        local $ENV{$fakeeditorenv} = cmdoutput qw(realpath --), $descfn;
        runcmd @dpkgsource, qw(--commit --include-removal .), $patchname;
    }
}

sub quiltify_trees_differ ($$;$$$) {
    my ($x,$y,$finegrained,$ignorenamesr,$unrepres) = @_;
    # returns true iff the two tree objects differ other than in debian/
    # with $finegrained,
    # returns bitmask 01 - differ in upstream files except .gitignore
    #                 02 - differ in .gitignore
    # if $ignorenamesr is defined, $ingorenamesr->{$fn}
    #  is set for each modified .gitignore filename $fn
    # if $unrepres is defined, array ref to which is appeneded
    #  a list of unrepresentable changes (removals of upstream files
    #  (as messages)
    local $/=undef;
    my @cmd = (@git, qw(diff-tree -z --no-renames));
    push @cmd, qw(--name-only) unless $unrepres;
    push @cmd, qw(-r) if $finegrained || $unrepres;
    push @cmd, $x, $y;
    my $diffs= cmdoutput @cmd;
    my $r = 0;
    my @lmodes;
    foreach my $f (split /\0/, $diffs) {
        if ($unrepres && !@lmodes) {
            @lmodes = $f =~ m/^\:(\w+) (\w+) \w+ \w+ / or die "$_ ?";
            next;
        }
        my ($oldmode,$newmode) = @lmodes;
        @lmodes = ();

        next if $f =~ m#^debian(?:/.*)?$#s;

        if ($unrepres) {
            eval {
                die "not a plain file or symlink\n"
                    unless $newmode =~ m/^(?:10|12)\d{4}$/ ||
                           $oldmode =~ m/^(?:10|12)\d{4}$/;
                if ($oldmode =~ m/[^0]/ &&
                    $newmode =~ m/[^0]/) {
                    # both old and new files exist
                    die "mode or type changed\n" if $oldmode ne $newmode;
                    die "modified symlink\n" unless $newmode =~ m/^10/;
                } elsif ($oldmode =~ m/[^0]/) {
                    # deletion
                    die "deletion of symlink\n"
                        unless $oldmode =~ m/^10/;
                } else {
                    # creation
                    die "creation with non-default mode\n"
                        unless $newmode =~ m/^100644$/ or
                               $newmode =~ m/^120000$/;
                }
            };
            if ($@) {
                local $/="\n"; chomp $@;
                push @$unrepres, [ $f, "$@ ($oldmode->$newmode)" ];
            }
        }

        my $isignore = $f =~ m#^(?:.*/)?.gitignore$#s;
        $r |= $isignore ? 02 : 01;
        $ignorenamesr->{$f}=1 if $ignorenamesr && $isignore;
    }
    printdebug "quiltify_trees_differ $x $y => $r\n";
    return $r;
}

sub quiltify_tree_sentinelfiles ($) {
    # lists the `sentinel' files present in the tree
    my ($x) = @_;
    my $r = cmdoutput @git, qw(ls-tree --name-only), $x,
        qw(-- debian/rules debian/control);
    $r =~ s/\n/,/g;
    return $r;
}

sub quiltify_splitbrain_needed () {
    if (!$split_brain) {
        progress "dgit view: changes are required...";
        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q -b dgit-view);
        $split_brain = 1;
    }
}

sub quiltify_splitbrain ($$$$$$$) {
    my ($clogp, $unapplied, $headref, $oldtiptree, $diffbits,
        $editedignores, $cachekey) = @_;
    my $gitignore_special = 1;
    if ($quilt_mode !~ m/gbp|dpm/) {
        # treat .gitignore just like any other upstream file
        $diffbits = { %$diffbits };
        $_ = !!$_ foreach values %$diffbits;
        $gitignore_special = 0;
    }
    # We would like any commits we generate to be reproducible
    my @authline = clogp_authline($clogp);
    local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} =  $authline[0];
    local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = $authline[1];
    local $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} =  $authline[2];
    local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} =  $authline[0];
    local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $authline[1];
    local $ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} =  $authline[2];

    my $fulldiffhint = sub {
        my ($x,$y) = @_;
        my $cmd = "git diff $x $y -- :/ ':!debian'";
        $cmd .= " ':!/.gitignore' ':!*/.gitignore'" if $gitignore_special;
        return "\nFor full diff showing the problem(s), type:\n $cmd\n";
    };

    if ($quilt_mode =~ m/gbp|unapplied/ &&
        ($diffbits->{O2H} & 01)) {
        my $msg =
 "--quilt=$quilt_mode specified, implying patches-unapplied git tree\n".
 " but git tree differs from orig in upstream files.";
        $msg .= $fulldiffhint->($unapplied, 'HEAD');
        if (!stat_exists "debian/patches") {
            $msg .=
 "\n ... debian/patches is missing; perhaps this is a patch queue branch?";
        }  
        fail $msg;
    }
    if ($quilt_mode =~ m/dpm/ &&
        ($diffbits->{H2A} & 01)) {
        fail <<END. $fulldiffhint->($oldtiptree,'HEAD');
--quilt=$quilt_mode specified, implying patches-applied git tree
 but git tree differs from result of applying debian/patches to upstream
END
    }
    if ($quilt_mode =~ m/gbp|unapplied/ &&
        ($diffbits->{O2A} & 01)) { # some patches
        quiltify_splitbrain_needed();
        progress "dgit view: creating patches-applied version using gbp pq";
        runcmd shell_cmd 'exec >/dev/null', gbp_pq, qw(import);
        # gbp pq import creates a fresh branch; push back to dgit-view
        runcmd @git, qw(update-ref refs/heads/dgit-view HEAD);
        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q dgit-view);
    }
    if ($quilt_mode =~ m/gbp|dpm/ &&
        ($diffbits->{O2A} & 02)) {
        fail <<END;
--quilt=$quilt_mode specified, implying that HEAD is for use with a
 tool which does not create patches for changes to upstream
 .gitignores: but, such patches exist in debian/patches.
END
    }
    if (($diffbits->{O2H} & 02) && # user has modified .gitignore
        !($diffbits->{O2A} & 02)) { # patches do not change .gitignore
        quiltify_splitbrain_needed();
        progress "dgit view: creating patch to represent .gitignore changes";
        ensuredir "debian/patches";
        my $gipatch = "debian/patches/auto-gitignore";
        open GIPATCH, ">>", "$gipatch" or die "$gipatch: $!";
        stat GIPATCH or die "$gipatch: $!";
        fail "$gipatch already exists; but want to create it".
            " to record .gitignore changes" if (stat _)[7];
        print GIPATCH <<END or die "$gipatch: $!";
Subject: Update .gitignore from Debian packaging branch

The Debian packaging git branch contains these updates to the upstream
.gitignore file(s).  This patch is autogenerated, to provide these
updates to users of the official Debian archive view of the package.

[dgit ($our_version) update-gitignore]
---
END
        close GIPATCH or die "$gipatch: $!";
        runcmd shell_cmd "exec >>$gipatch", @git, qw(diff),
            $unapplied, $headref, "--", sort keys %$editedignores;
        open SERIES, "+>>", "debian/patches/series" or die $!;
        defined seek SERIES, -1, 2 or $!==EINVAL or die $!;
        my $newline;
        defined read SERIES, $newline, 1 or die $!;
        print SERIES "\n" or die $! unless $newline eq "\n";
        print SERIES "auto-gitignore\n" or die $!;
        close SERIES or die  $!;
        runcmd @git, qw(add -- debian/patches/series), $gipatch;
        commit_admin <<END
Commit patch to update .gitignore

[dgit ($our_version) update-gitignore-quilt-fixup]
END
    }

    my $dgitview = git_rev_parse 'HEAD';

    changedir $maindir;
    # When we no longer need to support squeeze, use --create-reflog
    # instead of this:
    ensuredir "$maindir_gitcommon/logs/refs/dgit-intern";
    my $makelogfh = new IO::File "$maindir_gitcommon/logs/refs/$splitbraincache", '>>'
      or die $!;

    my $oldcache = git_get_ref "refs/$splitbraincache";
    if ($oldcache eq $dgitview) {
        my $tree = cmdoutput qw(git rev-parse), "$dgitview:";
        # git update-ref doesn't always update, in this case.  *sigh*
        my $dummy = make_commit_text <<END;
tree $tree
parent $dgitview
author Dgit <dgit\@example.com> 1000000000 +0000
committer Dgit <dgit\@example.com> 1000000000 +0000

Dummy commit - do not use
END
        runcmd @git, qw(update-ref -m), "dgit $our_version - dummy",
            "refs/$splitbraincache", $dummy;
    }
    runcmd @git, qw(update-ref -m), $cachekey, "refs/$splitbraincache",
        $dgitview;

    changedir "$playground/work";

    my $saved = maybe_split_brain_save $headref, $dgitview, "converted";
    progress "dgit view: created ($saved)";
}

sub quiltify ($$$$) {
    my ($clogp,$target,$oldtiptree,$failsuggestion) = @_;

    # Quilt patchification algorithm
    #
    # We search backwards through the history of the main tree's HEAD
    # (T) looking for a start commit S whose tree object is identical
    # to to the patch tip tree (ie the tree corresponding to the
    # current dpkg-committed patch series).  For these purposes
    # `identical' disregards anything in debian/ - this wrinkle is
    # necessary because dpkg-source treates debian/ specially.
    #
    # We can only traverse edges where at most one of the ancestors'
    # trees differs (in changes outside in debian/).  And we cannot
    # handle edges which change .pc/ or debian/patches.  To avoid
    # going down a rathole we avoid traversing edges which introduce
    # debian/rules or debian/control.  And we set a limit on the
    # number of edges we are willing to look at.
    #
    # If we succeed, we walk forwards again.  For each traversed edge
    # PC (with P parent, C child) (starting with P=S and ending with
    # C=T) to we do this:
    #  - git checkout C
    #  - dpkg-source --commit with a patch name and message derived from C
    # After traversing PT, we git commit the changes which
    # should be contained within debian/patches.

    # The search for the path S..T is breadth-first.  We maintain a
    # todo list containing search nodes.  A search node identifies a
    # commit, and looks something like this:
    #  $p = {
    #      Commit => $git_commit_id,
    #      Child => $c,                          # or undef if P=T
    #      Whynot => $reason_edge_PC_unsuitable, # in @nots only
    #      Nontrivial => true iff $p..$c has relevant changes
    #  };

    my @todo;
    my @nots;
    my $sref_S;
    my $max_work=100;
    my %considered; # saves being exponential on some weird graphs

    my $t_sentinels = quiltify_tree_sentinelfiles $target;

    my $not = sub {
        my ($search,$whynot) = @_;
        printdebug " search NOT $search->{Commit} $whynot\n";
        $search->{Whynot} = $whynot;
        push @nots, $search;
        no warnings qw(exiting);
        next;
    };

    push @todo, {
        Commit => $target,
    };

    while (@todo) {
        my $c = shift @todo;
        next if $considered{$c->{Commit}}++;

        $not->($c, "maximum search space exceeded") if --$max_work <= 0;

        printdebug "quiltify investigate $c->{Commit}\n";

        # are we done?
        if (!quiltify_trees_differ $c->{Commit}, $oldtiptree) {
            printdebug " search finished hooray!\n";
            $sref_S = $c;
            last;
        }

        quiltify_nofix_bail " $c->{Commit}", " (tree object $oldtiptree)";
        if ($quilt_mode eq 'smash') {
            printdebug " search quitting smash\n";
            last;
        }

        my $c_sentinels = quiltify_tree_sentinelfiles $c->{Commit};
        $not->($c, "has $c_sentinels not $t_sentinels")
            if $c_sentinels ne $t_sentinels;

        my $commitdata = cmdoutput @git, qw(cat-file commit), $c->{Commit};
        $commitdata =~ m/\n\n/;
        $commitdata =~ $`;
        my @parents = ($commitdata =~ m/^parent (\w+)$/gm);
        @parents = map { { Commit => $_, Child => $c } } @parents;

        $not->($c, "root commit") if !@parents;

        foreach my $p (@parents) {
            $p->{Nontrivial}= quiltify_trees_differ $p->{Commit},$c->{Commit};
        }
        my $ndiffers = grep { $_->{Nontrivial} } @parents;
        $not->($c, "merge ($ndiffers nontrivial parents)") if $ndiffers > 1;

        foreach my $p (@parents) {
            printdebug "considering C=$c->{Commit} P=$p->{Commit}\n";

            my @cmd= (@git, qw(diff-tree -r --name-only),
                      $p->{Commit},$c->{Commit}, qw(-- debian/patches .pc));
            my $patchstackchange = cmdoutput @cmd;
            if (length $patchstackchange) {
                $patchstackchange =~ s/\n/,/g;
                $not->($p, "changed $patchstackchange");
            }

            printdebug " search queue P=$p->{Commit} ",
                ($p->{Nontrivial} ? "NT" : "triv"),"\n";
            push @todo, $p;
        }
    }

    if (!$sref_S) {
        printdebug "quiltify want to smash\n";

        my $abbrev = sub {
            my $x = $_[0]{Commit};
            $x =~ s/(.*?[0-9a-z]{8})[0-9a-z]*$/$1/;
            return $x;
        };
        my $reportnot = sub {
            my ($notp) = @_;
            my $s = $abbrev->($notp);
            my $c = $notp->{Child};
            $s .= "..".$abbrev->($c) if $c;
            $s .= ": ".$notp->{Whynot};
            return $s;
        };
        if ($quilt_mode eq 'linear') {
            print STDERR "\n$us: error: quilt fixup cannot be linear.  Stopped at:\n";
            foreach my $notp (@nots) {
                print STDERR "$us:  ", $reportnot->($notp), "\n";
            }
            print STDERR "$us: $_\n" foreach @$failsuggestion;
            fail "quilt fixup naive history linearisation failed.\n".
 "Use dpkg-source --commit by hand; or, --quilt=smash for one ugly patch";
        } elsif ($quilt_mode eq 'smash') {
        } elsif ($quilt_mode eq 'auto') {
            progress "quilt fixup cannot be linear, smashing...";
        } else {
            die "$quilt_mode ?";
        }

        my $time = $ENV{'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'} || time;
        $time =~ s/\s.*//; # trim timezone from GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
        my $ncommits = 3;
        my $msg = cmdoutput @git, qw(log), "-n$ncommits";

        quiltify_dpkg_commit "auto-$version-$target-$time",
            (getfield $clogp, 'Maintainer'),
            "Automatically generated patch ($clogp->{Version})\n".
            "Last (up to) $ncommits git changes, FYI:\n\n". $msg;
        return;
    }

    progress "quiltify linearisation planning successful, executing...";

    for (my $p = $sref_S;
         my $c = $p->{Child};
         $p = $p->{Child}) {
        printdebug "quiltify traverse $p->{Commit}..$c->{Commit}\n";
        next unless $p->{Nontrivial};

        my $cc = $c->{Commit};

        my $commitdata = cmdoutput @git, qw(cat-file commit), $cc;
        $commitdata =~ m/\n\n/ or die "$c ?";
        $commitdata = $`;
        my $msg = $'; #';
        $commitdata =~ m/^author (.*) \d+ [-+0-9]+$/m or die "$cc ?";
        my $author = $1;

        my $commitdate = cmdoutput
            @git, qw(log -n1 --pretty=format:%aD), $cc;

        $msg =~ s/^(.*)\n*/$1\n/ or die "$cc $msg ?";

        my $strip_nls = sub { $msg =~ s/\n+$//; $msg .= "\n"; };
        $strip_nls->();

        my $title = $1;
        my $patchname;
        my $patchdir;

        my $gbp_check_suitable = sub {
            $_ = shift;
            my ($what) = @_;

            eval {
                die "contains unexpected slashes\n" if m{//} || m{/$};
                die "contains leading punctuation\n" if m{^\W} || m{/\W};
                die "contains bad character(s)\n" if m{[^-a-z0-9_.+=~/]}i;
                die "is series file\n" if m{$series_filename_re}o;
                die "too long" if length > 200;
            };
            return $_ unless $@;
            print STDERR "quiltifying commit $cc:".
                " ignoring/dropping Gbp-Pq $what: $@";
            return undef;
        };

        if ($msg =~ s/^ (?: gbp(?:-pq)? : \s* name \s+ |
                           gbp-pq-name: \s* )
                       (\S+) \s* \n //ixm) {
            $patchname = $gbp_check_suitable->($1, 'Name');
        }
        if ($msg =~ s/^ (?: gbp(?:-pq)? : \s* topic \s+ |
                           gbp-pq-topic: \s* )
                       (\S+) \s* \n //ixm) {
            $patchdir = $gbp_check_suitable->($1, 'Topic');
        }

        $strip_nls->();

        if (!defined $patchname) {
            $patchname = $title;
            $patchname =~ s/[.:]$//;
            use Text::Iconv;
            eval {
                my $converter = new Text::Iconv qw(UTF-8 ASCII//TRANSLIT);
                my $translitname = $converter->convert($patchname);
                die unless defined $translitname;
                $patchname = $translitname;
            };
            print STDERR
                "dgit: patch title transliteration error: $@"
                if $@;
            $patchname =~ y/ A-Z/-a-z/;
            $patchname =~ y/-a-z0-9_.+=~//cd;
            $patchname =~ s/^\W/x-$&/;
            $patchname = substr($patchname,0,40);
            $patchname .= ".patch";
        }
        if (!defined $patchdir) {
            $patchdir = '';
        }
        if (length $patchdir) {
            $patchname = "$patchdir/$patchname";
        }
        if ($patchname =~ m{^(.*)/}) {
            mkpath "debian/patches/$1";
        }

        my $index;
        for ($index='';
             stat "debian/patches/$patchname$index";
             $index++) { }
        $!==ENOENT or die "$patchname$index $!";

        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q), $cc;

        # We use the tip's changelog so that dpkg-source doesn't
        # produce complaining messages from dpkg-parsechangelog.  None
        # of the information dpkg-source gets from the changelog is
        # actually relevant - it gets put into the original message
        # which dpkg-source provides our stunt editor, and then
        # overwritten.
        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q), $target, qw(debian/changelog);

        quiltify_dpkg_commit "$patchname$index", $author, $msg,
            "Date: $commitdate\n".
            "X-Dgit-Generated: $clogp->{Version} $cc\n";

        runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q), $cc, qw(debian/changelog);
    }

    runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q master);
}

sub build_maybe_quilt_fixup () {
    my ($format,$fopts) = get_source_format;
    return unless madformat_wantfixup $format;
    # sigh

    check_for_vendor_patches();

    if (quiltmode_splitbrain) {
        fail <<END unless access_cfg_tagformats_can_splitbrain;
quilt mode $quilt_mode requires split view so server needs to support
 both "new" and "maint" tag formats, but config says it doesn't.
END
    }

    my $clogp = parsechangelog();
    my $headref = git_rev_parse('HEAD');
    my $symref = git_get_symref();

    if ($quilt_mode eq 'linear'
        && !$fopts->{'single-debian-patch'}
        && branch_is_gdr($symref, $headref)) {
        # This is much faster.  It also makes patches that gdr
        # likes better for future updates without laundering.
        #
        # However, it can fail in some casses where we would
        # succeed: if there are existing patches, which correspond
        # to a prefix of the branch, but are not in gbp/gdr
        # format, gdr will fail (exiting status 7), but we might
        # be able to figure out where to start linearising.  That
        # will be slower so hopefully there's not much to do.
        my @cmd = (@git_debrebase,
                   qw(--noop-ok -funclean-mixed -funclean-ordering
                      make-patches --quiet-would-amend));
        # We tolerate soe snags that gdr wouldn't, by default.
        if (act_local()) {
            $!=0; $?=-1;
            failedcmd @cmd if system @cmd and $?!=7;
        } else {
            dryrun_report @cmd;
        }
        $headref = git_rev_parse('HEAD');
    }

    prep_ud();
    changedir $playground;

    my $upstreamversion = upstreamversion $version;

    if ($fopts->{'single-debian-patch'}) {
        quilt_fixup_singlepatch($clogp, $headref, $upstreamversion);
    } else {
        quilt_fixup_multipatch($clogp, $headref, $upstreamversion);
    }

    die 'bug' if $split_brain && !$need_split_build_invocation;

    changedir $maindir;
    runcmd_ordryrun_local
        @git, qw(pull --ff-only -q), "$playground/work", qw(master);
}

sub quilt_fixup_mkwork ($) {
    my ($headref) = @_;

    mkdir "work" or die $!;
    changedir "work";
    mktree_in_ud_here();
    runcmd @git, qw(reset -q --hard), $headref;
}

sub quilt_fixup_linkorigs ($$) {
    my ($upstreamversion, $fn) = @_;
    # calls $fn->($leafname);

    foreach my $f (<$maindir/../*>) { #/){
        my $b=$f; $b =~ s{.*/}{};
        {
            local ($debuglevel) = $debuglevel-1;
            printdebug "QF linkorigs $b, $f ?\n";
        }
        next unless is_orig_file_of_vsn $b, $upstreamversion;
        printdebug "QF linkorigs $b, $f Y\n";
        link_ltarget $f, $b or die "$b $!";
        $fn->($b);
    }
}

sub quilt_fixup_delete_pc () {
    runcmd @git, qw(rm -rqf .pc);
    commit_admin <<END
Commit removal of .pc (quilt series tracking data)

[dgit ($our_version) upgrade quilt-remove-pc]
END
}

sub quilt_fixup_singlepatch ($$$) {
    my ($clogp, $headref, $upstreamversion) = @_;

    progress "starting quiltify (single-debian-patch)";

    # dpkg-source --commit generates new patches even if
    # single-debian-patch is in debian/source/options.  In order to
    # get it to generate debian/patches/debian-changes, it is
    # necessary to build the source package.

    quilt_fixup_linkorigs($upstreamversion, sub { });
    quilt_fixup_mkwork($headref);

    rmtree("debian/patches");

    runcmd @dpkgsource, qw(-b .);
    changedir "..";
    runcmd @dpkgsource, qw(-x), (srcfn $version, ".dsc");
    rename srcfn("$upstreamversion", "/debian/patches"), 
           "work/debian/patches";

    changedir "work";
    commit_quilty_patch();
}

sub quilt_make_fake_dsc ($) {
    my ($upstreamversion) = @_;

    my $fakeversion="$upstreamversion-~~DGITFAKE";

    my $fakedsc=new IO::File 'fake.dsc', '>' or die $!;
    print $fakedsc <<END or die $!;
Format: 3.0 (quilt)
Source: $package
Version: $fakeversion
Files:
END

    my $dscaddfile=sub {
        my ($b) = @_;
        
        my $md = new Digest::MD5;

        my $fh = new IO::File $b, '<' or die "$b $!";
        stat $fh or die $!;
        my $size = -s _;

        $md->addfile($fh);
        print $fakedsc " ".$md->hexdigest." $size $b\n" or die $!;
    };

    quilt_fixup_linkorigs($upstreamversion, $dscaddfile);

    my @files=qw(debian/source/format debian/rules
                 debian/control debian/changelog);
    foreach my $maybe (qw(debian/patches debian/source/options
                          debian/tests/control)) {
        next unless stat_exists "$maindir/$maybe";
        push @files, $maybe;
    }

    my $debtar= srcfn $fakeversion,'.debian.tar.gz';
    runcmd qw(env GZIP=-1n tar -zcf), "./$debtar", qw(-C), $maindir, @files;

    $dscaddfile->($debtar);
    close $fakedsc or die $!;
}

sub quilt_check_splitbrain_cache ($$) {
    my ($headref, $upstreamversion) = @_;
    # Called only if we are in (potentially) split brain mode.
    # Called in playground.
    # Computes the cache key and looks in the cache.
    # Returns ($dgit_view_commitid, $cachekey) or (undef, $cachekey)

    my $splitbrain_cachekey;
    
    progress
 "dgit: split brain (separate dgit view) may be needed (--quilt=$quilt_mode).";
    # we look in the reflog of dgit-intern/quilt-cache
    # we look for an entry whose message is the key for the cache lookup
    my @cachekey = (qw(dgit), $our_version);
    push @cachekey, $upstreamversion;
    push @cachekey, $quilt_mode;
    push @cachekey, $headref;

    push @cachekey, hashfile('fake.dsc');

    my $srcshash = Digest::SHA->new(256);
    my %sfs = ( %INC, '$0(dgit)' => $0 );
    foreach my $sfk (sort keys %sfs) {
        next unless $sfk =~ m/^\$0\b/ || $sfk =~ m{^Debian/Dgit\b};
        $srcshash->add($sfk,"  ");
        $srcshash->add(hashfile($sfs{$sfk}));
        $srcshash->add("\n");
    }
    push @cachekey, $srcshash->hexdigest();
    $splitbrain_cachekey = "@cachekey";

    my @cmd = (@git, qw(log -g), '--pretty=format:%H %gs',
               $splitbraincache);
    printdebug "splitbrain cachekey $splitbrain_cachekey\n";
    debugcmd "|(probably)",@cmd;
    my $child = open GC, "-|";  defined $child or die $!;
    if (!$child) {
        chdir $maindir or die $!;
        if (!stat "$maindir_gitcommon/logs/refs/$splitbraincache") {
            $! == ENOENT or die $!;
            printdebug ">(no reflog)\n";
            finish 0;
        }
        exec @cmd; die $!;
    }
    while (<GC>) {
        chomp;
        printdebug ">| ", $_, "\n" if $debuglevel > 1;
        next unless m/^(\w+) (\S.*\S)$/ && $2 eq $splitbrain_cachekey;
            
        my $cachehit = $1;
        quilt_fixup_mkwork($headref);
        my $saved = maybe_split_brain_save $headref, $cachehit, "cache-hit";
        if ($cachehit ne $headref) {
            progress "dgit view: found cached ($saved)";
            runcmd @git, qw(checkout -q -b dgit-view), $cachehit;
            $split_brain = 1;
            return ($cachehit, $splitbrain_cachekey);
        }
        progress "dgit view: found cached, no changes required";
        return ($headref, $splitbrain_cachekey);
    }
    die $! if GC->error;
    failedcmd unless close GC;

    printdebug "splitbrain cache miss\n";
    return (undef, $splitbrain_cachekey);
}

sub quilt_fixup_multipatch ($$$) {
    my ($clogp, $headref, $upstreamversion) = @_;

    progress "examining quilt state (multiple patches, $quilt_mode mode)";

    # Our objective is:
    #  - honour any existing .pc in case it has any strangeness
    #  - determine the git commit corresponding to the tip of
    #    the patch stack (if there is one)
    #  - if there is such a git commit, convert each subsequent
    #    git commit into a quilt patch with dpkg-source --commit
    #  - otherwise convert all the differences in the tree into
    #    a single git commit
    #
    # To do this we:

    # Our git tree doesn't necessarily contain .pc.  (Some versions of
    # dgit would include the .pc in the git tree.)  If there isn't
    # one, we need to generate one by unpacking the patches that we
    # have.
    #
    # We first look for a .pc in the git tree.  If there is one, we
    # will use it.  (This is not the normal case.)
    #
    # Otherwise need to regenerate .pc so that dpkg-source --commit
    # can work.  We do this as follows:
    #     1. Collect all relevant .orig from parent directory
    #     2. Generate a debian.tar.gz out of
    #         debian/{patches,rules,source/format,source/options}
    #     3. Generate a fake .dsc containing just these fields:
    #          Format Source Version Files
    #     4. Extract the fake .dsc
    #        Now the fake .dsc has a .pc directory.
    # (In fact we do this in every case, because in future we will
    # want to search for a good base commit for generating patches.)
    #
    # Then we can actually do the dpkg-source --commit
    #     1. Make a new working tree with the same object
    #        store as our main tree and check out the main
    #        tree's HEAD.
    #     2. Copy .pc from the fake's extraction, if necessary
    #     3. Run dpkg-source --commit
    #     4. If the result has changes to debian/, then
    #          - git add them them
    #          - git add .pc if we had a .pc in-tree
    #          - git commit
    #     5. If we had a .pc in-tree, delete it, and git commit
    #     6. Back in the main tree, fast forward to the new HEAD

    # Another situation we may have to cope with is gbp-style
    # patches-unapplied trees.
    #
    # We would want to detect these, so we know to escape into
    # quilt_fixup_gbp.  However, this is in general not possible.
    # Consider a package with a one patch which the dgit user reverts
    # (with git revert or the moral equivalent).
    #
    # That is indistinguishable in contents from a patches-unapplied
    # tree.  And looking at the history to distinguish them is not
    # useful because the user might have made a confusing-looking git
    # history structure (which ought to produce an error if dgit can't
    # cope, not a silent reintroduction of an unwanted patch).
    #
    # So gbp users will have to pass an option.  But we can usually
    # detect their failure to do so: if the tree is not a clean
    # patches-applied tree, quilt linearisation fails, but the tree
    # _is_ a clean patches-unapplied tree, we can suggest that maybe
    # they want --quilt=unapplied.
    #
    # To help detect this, when we are extracting the fake dsc, we
    # first extract it with --skip-patches, and then apply the patches
    # afterwards with dpkg-source --before-build.  That lets us save a
    # tree object corresponding to .origs.

    my $splitbrain_cachekey;

    quilt_make_fake_dsc($upstreamversion);

    if (quiltmode_splitbrain()) {
        my $cachehit;
        ($cachehit, $splitbrain_cachekey) =
            quilt_check_splitbrain_cache($headref, $upstreamversion);
        return if $cachehit;
    }

    runcmd qw(sh -ec),
        'exec dpkg-source --no-check --skip-patches -x fake.dsc >/dev/null';

    my $fakexdir= $package.'-'.(stripepoch $upstreamversion);
    rename $fakexdir, "fake" or die "$fakexdir $!";

    changedir 'fake';

    remove_stray_gits("source package");
    mktree_in_ud_here();

    rmtree '.pc';

    rmtree 'debian'; # git checkout commitish paths does not delete!
    runcmd @git, qw(checkout -f), $headref, qw(-- debian);
    my $unapplied=git_add_write_tree();
    printdebug "fake orig tree object $unapplied\n";

    ensuredir '.pc';

    my @bbcmd = (qw(sh -ec), 'exec dpkg-source --before-build . >/dev/null');
    $!=0; $?=-1;
    if (system @bbcmd) {
        failedcmd @bbcmd if $? < 0;
        fail <<END;
failed to apply your git tree's patch stack (from debian/patches/) to
 the corresponding upstream tarball(s).  Your source tree and .orig
 are probably too inconsistent.  dgit can only fix up certain kinds of
 anomaly (depending on the quilt mode).  See --quilt= in dgit(1).
END
    }

    changedir '..';

    quilt_fixup_mkwork($headref);

    my $mustdeletepc=0;
    if (stat_exists ".pc") {
        -d _ or die;
        progress "Tree already contains .pc - will use it then delete it.";
        $mustdeletepc=1;
    } else {
        rename '../fake/.pc','.pc' or die $!;
    }

    changedir '../fake';
    rmtree '.pc';
    my $oldtiptree=git_add_write_tree();
    printdebug "fake o+d/p tree object $unapplied\n";
    changedir '../work';


    # We calculate some guesswork now about what kind of tree this might
    # be.  This is mostly for error reporting.

    my %editedignores;
    my @unrepres;
    my $diffbits = {
        # H = user's HEAD
        # O = orig, without patches applied
        # A = "applied", ie orig with H's debian/patches applied
        O2H => quiltify_trees_differ($unapplied,$headref,   1,
                                     \%editedignores, \@unrepres),
        H2A => quiltify_trees_differ($headref,  $oldtiptree,1),
        O2A => quiltify_trees_differ($unapplied,$oldtiptree,1),
    };

    my @dl;
    foreach my $b (qw(01 02)) {
        foreach my $v (qw(O2H O2A H2A)) {
            push @dl, ($diffbits->{$v} & $b) ? '##' : '==';
        }
    }
    printdebug "differences \@dl @dl.\n";

    progress sprintf
"$us: base trees orig=%.20s o+d/p=%.20s",
              $unapplied, $oldtiptree;
    progress sprintf
"$us: quilt differences: src:  %s orig %s     gitignores:  %s orig %s\n".
"$us: quilt differences:      HEAD %s o+d/p               HEAD %s o+d/p",
                             $dl[0], $dl[1],              $dl[3], $dl[4],
                                 $dl[2],                     $dl[5];

    if (@unrepres) {
        print STDERR "dgit:  cannot represent change: $_->[1]: $_->[0]\n"
            foreach @unrepres;
        forceable_fail [qw(unrepresentable)], <<END;
HEAD has changes to .orig[s] which are not representable by `3.0 (quilt)'
END
    }

    my @failsuggestion;
    if (!($diffbits->{O2H} & $diffbits->{O2A})) {
        push @failsuggestion, "This might be a patches-unapplied branch.";
    }  elsif (!($diffbits->{H2A} & $diffbits->{O2A})) {
        push @failsuggestion, "This might be a patches-applied branch.";
    }
    push @failsuggestion, "Maybe you need to specify one of".
        " --[quilt=]gbp --[quilt=]dpm --quilt=unapplied ?";

    if (quiltmode_splitbrain()) {
        quiltify_splitbrain($clogp, $unapplied, $headref, $oldtiptree,
                            $diffbits, \%editedignores,
                            $splitbrain_cachekey);
        return;
    }

    progress "starting quiltify (multiple patches, $quilt_mode mode)";
    quiltify($clogp,$headref,$oldtiptree,\@failsuggestion);

    if (!open P, '>>', ".pc/applied-patches") {
        $!==&ENOENT or die $!;
    } else {
        close P;
    }

    commit_quilty_patch();

    if ($mustdeletepc) {
        quilt_fixup_delete_pc();
    }
}

sub quilt_fixup_editor () {
    my $descfn = $ENV{$fakeeditorenv};
    my $editing = $ARGV[$#ARGV];
    open I1, '<', $descfn or die "$descfn: $!";
    open I2, '<', $editing or die "$editing: $!";
    unlink $editing or die "$editing: $!";
    open O, '>', $editing or die "$editing: $!";
    while (<I1>) { print O or die $!; } I1->error and die $!;
    my $copying = 0;
    while (<I2>) {
        $copying ||= m/^\-\-\- /;
        next unless $copying;
        print O or die $!;
    }
    I2->error and die $!;
    close O or die $1;
    finish 0;
}

sub maybe_apply_patches_dirtily () {
    return unless $quilt_mode =~ m/gbp|unapplied/;
    print STDERR <<END or die $!;

dgit: Building, or cleaning with rules target, in patches-unapplied tree.
dgit: Have to apply the patches - making the tree dirty.
dgit: (Consider specifying --clean=git and (or) using dgit sbuild.)

END
    $patches_applied_dirtily = 01;
    $patches_applied_dirtily |= 02 unless stat_exists '.pc';
    runcmd qw(dpkg-source --before-build .);
}

sub maybe_unapply_patches_again () {
    progress "dgit: Unapplying patches again to tidy up the tree."
        if $patches_applied_dirtily;
    runcmd qw(dpkg-source --after-build .)
        if $patches_applied_dirtily & 01;
    rmtree '.pc'
        if $patches_applied_dirtily & 02;
    $patches_applied_dirtily = 0;
}

#----- other building -----

our $clean_using_builder;
# ^ tree is to be cleaned by dpkg-source's builtin idea that it should
#   clean the tree before building (perhaps invoked indirectly by
#   whatever we are using to run the build), rather than separately
#   and explicitly by us.

sub clean_tree () {
    return if $clean_using_builder;
    if ($cleanmode eq 'dpkg-source') {
        maybe_apply_patches_dirtily();
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @dpkgbuildpackage, qw(-T clean);
    } elsif ($cleanmode eq 'dpkg-source-d') {
        maybe_apply_patches_dirtily();
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @dpkgbuildpackage, qw(-d -T clean);
    } elsif ($cleanmode eq 'git') {
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(clean -xdf);
    } elsif ($cleanmode eq 'git-ff') {
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @git, qw(clean -xdff);
    } elsif ($cleanmode eq 'check') {
        my $leftovers = cmdoutput @git, qw(clean -xdn);
        if (length $leftovers) {
            print STDERR $leftovers, "\n" or die $!;
            fail "tree contains uncommitted files and --clean=check specified";
        }
    } elsif ($cleanmode eq 'none') {
    } else {
        die "$cleanmode ?";
    }
}

sub cmd_clean () {
    badusage "clean takes no additional arguments" if @ARGV;
    notpushing();
    clean_tree();
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
}

sub build_or_push_prep_early () {
    our $build_or_push_prep_early_done //= 0;
    return if $build_or_push_prep_early_done++;
    badusage "-p is not allowed with dgit $subcommand" if defined $package;
    my $clogp = parsechangelog();
    $isuite = getfield $clogp, 'Distribution';
    $package = getfield $clogp, 'Source';
    $version = getfield $clogp, 'Version';
}

sub build_prep_early () {
    build_or_push_prep_early();
    notpushing();
    check_not_dirty();
}

sub build_prep () {
    build_prep_early();
    clean_tree();
    build_maybe_quilt_fixup();
    if ($rmchanges) {
        my $pat = changespat $version;
        foreach my $f (glob "$buildproductsdir/$pat") {
            if (act_local()) {
                unlink $f or fail "remove old changes file $f: $!";
            } else {
                progress "would remove $f";
            }
        }
    }
}

sub changesopts_initial () {
    my @opts =@changesopts[1..$#changesopts];
}

sub changesopts_version () {
    if (!defined $changes_since_version) {
        my @vsns;
        unless (eval {
            @vsns = archive_query('archive_query');
            my @quirk = access_quirk();
            if ($quirk[0] eq 'backports') {
                local $isuite = $quirk[2];
                local $csuite;
                canonicalise_suite();
                push @vsns, archive_query('archive_query');
            }
            1;
        }) {
            print STDERR $@;
            fail
 "archive query failed (queried because --since-version not specified)";
        }
        if (@vsns) {
            @vsns = map { $_->[0] } @vsns;
            @vsns = sort { -version_compare($a, $b) } @vsns;
            $changes_since_version = $vsns[0];
            progress "changelog will contain changes since $vsns[0]";
        } else {
            $changes_since_version = '_';
            progress "package seems new, not specifying -v<version>";
        }
    }
    if ($changes_since_version ne '_') {
        return ("-v$changes_since_version");
    } else {
        return ();
    }
}

sub changesopts () {
    return (changesopts_initial(), changesopts_version());
}

sub massage_dbp_args ($;$) {
    my ($cmd,$xargs) = @_;
    # We need to:
    #
    #  - if we're going to split the source build out so we can
    #    do strange things to it, massage the arguments to dpkg-buildpackage
    #    so that the main build doessn't build source (or add an argument
    #    to stop it building source by default).
    #
    #  - add -nc to stop dpkg-source cleaning the source tree,
    #    unless we're not doing a split build and want dpkg-source
    #    as cleanmode, in which case we can do nothing
    #
    # return values:
    #    0 - source will NOT need to be built separately by caller
    #   +1 - source will need to be built separately by caller
    #   +2 - source will need to be built separately by caller AND
    #        dpkg-buildpackage should not in fact be run at all!
    debugcmd '#massaging#', @$cmd if $debuglevel>1;
#print STDERR "MASS0 ",Dumper($cmd, $xargs, $need_split_build_invocation);
    if ($cleanmode eq 'dpkg-source' && !$need_split_build_invocation) {
        $clean_using_builder = 1;
        return 0;
    }
    # -nc has the side effect of specifying -b if nothing else specified
    # and some combinations of -S, -b, et al, are errors, rather than
    # later simply overriding earlie.  So we need to:
    #  - search the command line for these options
    #  - pick the last one
    #  - perhaps add our own as a default
    #  - perhaps adjust it to the corresponding non-source-building version
    my $dmode = '-F';
    foreach my $l ($cmd, $xargs) {
        next unless $l;
        @$l = grep { !(m/^-[SgGFABb]$/s and $dmode=$_) } @$l;
    }
    push @$cmd, '-nc';
#print STDERR "MASS1 ",Dumper($cmd, $xargs, $dmode);
    my $r = 0;
    if ($need_split_build_invocation) {
        printdebug "massage split $dmode.\n";
        $r = $dmode =~ m/[S]/     ? +2 :
             $dmode =~ y/gGF/ABb/ ? +1 :
             $dmode =~ m/[ABb]/   ?  0 :
             die "$dmode ?";
    }
    printdebug "massage done $r $dmode.\n";
    push @$cmd, $dmode;
#print STDERR "MASS2 ",Dumper($cmd, $xargs, $r);
    return $r;
}

sub in_parent (&) {
    my ($fn) = @_;
    my $wasdir = must_getcwd();
    changedir "..";
    $fn->();
    changedir $wasdir;
}    

sub postbuild_mergechanges ($) { # must run with CWD=.. (eg in in_parent)
    my ($msg_if_onlyone) = @_;
    # If there is only one .changes file, fail with $msg_if_onlyone,
    # or if that is undef, be a no-op.
    # Returns the changes file to report to the user.
    my $pat = changespat $version;
    my @changesfiles = glob $pat;
    @changesfiles = sort {
        ($b =~ m/_source\.changes$/ <=> $a =~ m/_source\.changes$/)
            or $a cmp $b
    } @changesfiles;
    my $result;
    if (@changesfiles==1) {
        fail <<END.$msg_if_onlyone if defined $msg_if_onlyone;
only one changes file from build (@changesfiles)
END
        $result = $changesfiles[0];
    } elsif (@changesfiles==2) {
        my $binchanges = parsecontrol($changesfiles[1], "binary changes file");
        foreach my $l (split /\n/, getfield $binchanges, 'Files') {
            fail "$l found in binaries changes file $binchanges"
                if $l =~ m/\.dsc$/;
        }
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @mergechanges, @changesfiles;
        my $multichanges = changespat $version,'multi';
        if (act_local()) {
            stat_exists $multichanges or fail "$multichanges: $!";
            foreach my $cf (glob $pat) {
                next if $cf eq $multichanges;
                rename "$cf", "$cf.inmulti" or fail "$cf\{,.inmulti}: $!";
            }
        }
        $result = $multichanges;
    } else {
        fail "wrong number of different changes files (@changesfiles)";
    }
    printdone "build successful, results in $result\n" or die $!;
}

sub midbuild_checkchanges () {
    my $pat = changespat $version;
    return if $rmchanges;
    my @unwanted = map { s#^\.\./##; $_; } glob "../$pat";
    @unwanted = grep { $_ ne changespat $version,'source' } @unwanted;
    fail <<END
changes files other than source matching $pat already present; building would result in ambiguity about the intended results.
Suggest you delete @unwanted.
END
        if @unwanted;
}

sub midbuild_checkchanges_vanilla ($) {
    my ($wantsrc) = @_;
    midbuild_checkchanges() if $wantsrc == 1;
}

sub postbuild_mergechanges_vanilla ($) {
    my ($wantsrc) = @_;
    if ($wantsrc == 1) {
        in_parent {
            postbuild_mergechanges(undef);
        };
    } else {
        printdone "build successful\n";
    }
}

sub cmd_build {
    build_prep_early();
    my @dbp = (@dpkgbuildpackage, qw(-us -uc), changesopts_initial(), @ARGV);
    my $wantsrc = massage_dbp_args \@dbp;
    if ($wantsrc > 0) {
        build_source();
        midbuild_checkchanges_vanilla $wantsrc;
    } else {
        build_prep();
    }
    if ($wantsrc < 2) {
        push @dbp, changesopts_version();
        maybe_apply_patches_dirtily();
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @dbp;
    }
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
    postbuild_mergechanges_vanilla $wantsrc;
}

sub pre_gbp_build {
    $quilt_mode //= 'gbp';
}

sub cmd_gbp_build {
    build_prep_early();

    # gbp can make .origs out of thin air.  In my tests it does this
    # even for a 1.0 format package, with no origs present.  So I
    # guess it keys off just the version number.  We don't know
    # exactly what .origs ought to exist, but let's assume that we
    # should run gbp if: the version has an upstream part and the main
    # orig is absent.
    my $upstreamversion = upstreamversion $version;
    my $origfnpat = srcfn $upstreamversion, '.orig.tar.*';
    my $gbp_make_orig = $version =~ m/-/ && !(() = glob "../$origfnpat");

    if ($gbp_make_orig) {
        clean_tree();
        $cleanmode = 'none'; # don't do it again
        $need_split_build_invocation = 1;
    }

    my @dbp = @dpkgbuildpackage;

    my $wantsrc = massage_dbp_args \@dbp, \@ARGV;

    if (!length $gbp_build[0]) {
        if (length executable_on_path('git-buildpackage')) {
            $gbp_build[0] = qw(git-buildpackage);
        } else {
            $gbp_build[0] = 'gbp buildpackage';
        }
    }
    my @cmd = opts_opt_multi_cmd @gbp_build;

    push @cmd, (qw(-us -uc --git-no-sign-tags),
                "--git-builder=".(shellquote @dbp));

    if ($gbp_make_orig) {
        my $priv = dgit_privdir();
        my $ok = "$priv/origs-gen-ok";
        unlink $ok or $!==&ENOENT or die $!;
        my @origs_cmd = @cmd;
        push @origs_cmd, qw(--git-cleaner=true);
        push @origs_cmd, "--git-prebuild=".
            "touch ".(shellquote $ok)." ".(shellquote "$priv/no-such-dir/ok");
        push @origs_cmd, @ARGV;
        if (act_local()) {
            debugcmd @origs_cmd;
            system @origs_cmd;
            do { local $!; stat_exists $ok; }
                or failedcmd @origs_cmd;
        } else {
            dryrun_report @origs_cmd;
        }
    }

    if ($wantsrc > 0) {
        build_source();
        midbuild_checkchanges_vanilla $wantsrc;
    } else {
        if (!$clean_using_builder) {
            push @cmd, '--git-cleaner=true';
        }
        build_prep();
    }
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
    if ($wantsrc < 2) {
        push @cmd, changesopts();
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @cmd, @ARGV;
    }
    postbuild_mergechanges_vanilla $wantsrc;
}
sub cmd_git_build { cmd_gbp_build(); } # compatibility with <= 1.0

sub build_source_for_push {
    build_source();
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
    $changesfile = $sourcechanges;
}

sub build_source {
    build_prep_early();
    build_prep();
    $sourcechanges = changespat $version,'source';
    if (act_local()) {
        unlink "../$sourcechanges" or $!==ENOENT
            or fail "remove $sourcechanges: $!";
    }
    $dscfn = dscfn($version);
    my @cmd = (@dpkgsource, qw(-b --));
    if ($split_brain) {
        changedir $playground;
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @cmd, "work";
        my @udfiles = <${package}_*>;
        changedir $maindir;
        foreach my $f (@udfiles) {
            printdebug "source copy, found $f\n";
            next unless
              $f eq $dscfn or
              ($f =~ m/\.debian\.tar(?:\.\w+)$/ &&
               $f eq srcfn($version, $&));
            printdebug "source copy, found $f - renaming\n";
            rename "$playground/$f", "../$f" or $!==ENOENT
              or fail "put in place new source file ($f): $!";
        }
    } else {
        my $pwd = must_getcwd();
        my $leafdir = basename $pwd;
        changedir "..";
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @cmd, $leafdir;
        changedir $pwd;
    }
    runcmd_ordryrun_local qw(sh -ec),
      'exec >$1; shift; exec "$@"','x',
      "../$sourcechanges",
      @dpkggenchanges, qw(-S), changesopts();
}

sub cmd_build_source {
    build_prep_early();
    badusage "build-source takes no additional arguments" if @ARGV;
    build_source();
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
    printdone "source built, results in $dscfn and $sourcechanges";
}

sub cmd_sbuild {
    build_source();
    midbuild_checkchanges();
    in_parent {
        if (act_local()) {
            stat_exists $dscfn or fail "$dscfn (in parent directory): $!";
            stat_exists $sourcechanges
                or fail "$sourcechanges (in parent directory): $!";
        }
        runcmd_ordryrun_local @sbuild, qw(-d), $isuite, @ARGV, $dscfn;
    };
    maybe_unapply_patches_again();
    in_parent {
        postbuild_mergechanges(<<END);
perhaps you need to pass -A ?  (sbuild's default is to build only
arch-specific binaries; dgit 1.4 used to override that.)
END
    };
}    

sub cmd_quilt_fixup {
    badusage "incorrect arguments to dgit quilt-fixup" if @ARGV;
    build_prep_early();
    clean_tree();
    build_maybe_quilt_fixup();
}

sub import_dsc_result {
    my ($dstref, $newhash, $what_log, $what_msg) = @_;
    my @cmd = (@git, qw(update-ref -m), $what_log, $dstref, $newhash);
    runcmd @cmd;
    check_gitattrs($newhash, "source tree");

    progress "dgit: import-dsc: $what_msg";
}

sub cmd_import_dsc {
    my $needsig = 0;

    while (@ARGV) {
        last unless $ARGV[0] =~ m/^-/;
        $_ = shift @ARGV;
        last if m/^--?$/;
        if (m/^--require-valid-signature$/) {
            $needsig = 1;
        } else {
            badusage "unknown dgit import-dsc sub-option \`$_'";
        }
    }

    badusage "usage: dgit import-dsc .../PATH/TO/.DSC BRANCH" unless @ARGV==2;
    my ($dscfn, $dstbranch) = @ARGV;

    badusage "dry run makes no sense with import-dsc" unless act_local();

    my $force = $dstbranch =~ s/^\+//   ? +1 :
                $dstbranch =~ s/^\.\.// ? -1 :
                                           0;
    my $info = $force ? " $&" : '';
    $info = "$dscfn$info";

    my $specbranch = $dstbranch;
    $dstbranch = "refs/heads/$dstbranch" unless $dstbranch =~ m#^refs/#;
    $dstbranch = cmdoutput @git, qw(check-ref-format --normalize), $dstbranch;

    my @symcmd = (@git, qw(symbolic-ref -q HEAD));
    my $chead = cmdoutput_errok @symcmd;
    defined $chead or $?==256 or failedcmd @symcmd;

    fail "$dstbranch is checked out - will not update it"
        if defined $chead and $chead eq $dstbranch;

    my $oldhash = git_get_ref $dstbranch;

    open D, "<", $dscfn or fail "open import .dsc ($dscfn): $!";
    $dscdata = do { local $/ = undef; <D>; };
    D->error and fail "read $dscfn: $!";
    close C;

    # we don't normally need this so import it here
    use Dpkg::Source::Package;
    my $dp = new Dpkg::Source::Package filename => $dscfn,
        require_valid_signature => $needsig;
    {
        local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
            print STDERR $_[0];
            return unless $needsig;
            fail "import-dsc signature check failed";
        };
        if (!$dp->is_signed()) {
            warn "$us: warning: importing unsigned .dsc\n";
        } else {
            my $r = $dp->check_signature();
            die "->check_signature => $r" if $needsig && $r;
        }
    }

    parse_dscdata();

    $package = getfield $dsc, 'Source';

    parse_dsc_field($dsc, "Dgit metadata in .dsc")
        unless forceing [qw(import-dsc-with-dgit-field)];
    parse_dsc_field_def_dsc_distro();

    $isuite = 'DGIT-IMPORT-DSC';
    $idistro //= $dsc_distro;

    notpushing();

    if (defined $dsc_hash) {
        progress "dgit: import-dsc of .dsc with Dgit field, using git hash";
        resolve_dsc_field_commit undef, undef;
    }
    if (defined $dsc_hash) {
        my @cmd = (qw(sh -ec),
                   "echo $dsc_hash | git cat-file --batch-check");
        my $objgot = cmdoutput @cmd;
        if ($objgot =~ m#^\w+ missing\b#) {
            fail <<END
.dsc contains Dgit field referring to object $dsc_hash
Your git tree does not have that object.  Try `git fetch' from a
plausible server (browse.dgit.d.o? alioth?), and try the import-dsc again.
END
        }
        if ($oldhash && !is_fast_fwd $oldhash, $dsc_hash) {
            if ($force > 0) {
                progress "Not fast forward, forced update.";
            } else {
                fail "Not fast forward to $dsc_hash";
            }
        }
        import_dsc_result $dstbranch, $dsc_hash,
            "dgit import-dsc (Dgit): $info",
            "updated git ref $dstbranch";
        return 0;
    }

    fail <<END
Branch $dstbranch already exists
Specify ..$specbranch for a pseudo-merge, binding in existing history
Specify  +$specbranch to overwrite, discarding existing history
END
        if $oldhash && !$force;

    my @dfi = dsc_files_info();
    foreach my $fi (@dfi) {
        my $f = $fi->{Filename};
        my $here = "../$f";
        if (lstat $here) {
            next if stat $here;
            fail "lstat $here works but stat gives $! !";
        }
        fail "stat $here: $!" unless $! == ENOENT;
        my $there = $dscfn;
        if ($dscfn =~ m#^(?:\./+)?\.\./+#) {
            $there = $';
        } elsif ($dscfn =~ m#^/#) {
            $there = $dscfn;
        } else {
            fail "cannot import $dscfn which seems to be inside working tree!";
        }
        $there =~ s#/+[^/]+$## or
            fail "import $dscfn requires ../$f, but it does not exist";
        $there .= "/$f";
        my $test = $there =~ m{^/} ? $there : "../$there";
        stat $test or fail "import $dscfn requires $test, but: $!";
        symlink $there, $here or fail "symlink $there to $here: $!";
        progress "made symlink $here -> $there";
#       print STDERR Dumper($fi);
    }
    my @mergeinputs = generate_commits_from_dsc();
    die unless @mergeinputs == 1;

    my $newhash = $mergeinputs[0]{Commit};

    if ($oldhash) {
        if ($force > 0) {
            progress "Import, forced update - synthetic orphan git history.";
        } elsif ($force < 0) {
            progress "Import, merging.";
            my $tree = cmdoutput @git, qw(rev-parse), "$newhash:";
            my $version = getfield $dsc, 'Version';
            my $clogp = commit_getclogp $newhash;
            my $authline = clogp_authline $clogp;
            $newhash = make_commit_text <<END;
tree $tree
parent $newhash
parent $oldhash
author $authline
committer $authline

Merge $package ($version) import into $dstbranch
END
        } else {
            die; # caught earlier
        }
    }

    import_dsc_result $dstbranch, $newhash,
        "dgit import-dsc: $info",
        "results are in in git ref $dstbranch";
}

sub pre_archive_api_query () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_archive_api_query {
    badusage "need only 1 subpath argument" unless @ARGV==1;
    my ($subpath) = @ARGV;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-API-QUERY-CMD';
    my @cmd = archive_api_query_cmd($subpath);
    push @cmd, qw(-f);
    debugcmd ">",@cmd;
    exec @cmd or fail "exec curl: $!\n";
}

sub repos_server_url () {
    $package = '_dgit-repos-server';
    local $access_forpush = 1;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-REPOS-SERVER';
    my $url = access_giturl();
}    

sub pre_clone_dgit_repos_server () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_clone_dgit_repos_server {
    badusage "need destination argument" unless @ARGV==1;
    my ($destdir) = @ARGV;
    my $url = repos_server_url();
    my @cmd = (@git, qw(clone), $url, $destdir);
    debugcmd ">",@cmd;
    exec @cmd or fail "exec git clone: $!\n";
}

sub pre_print_dgit_repos_server_source_url () {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_print_dgit_repos_server_source_url {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit print-dgit-repos-server-source-url"
        if @ARGV;
    my $url = repos_server_url();
    print $url, "\n" or die $!;
}

sub pre_print_dpkg_source_ignores {
    not_necessarily_a_tree();
}
sub cmd_print_dpkg_source_ignores {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit print-dpkg-source-ignores"
        if @ARGV;
    print "@dpkg_source_ignores\n" or die $!;
}

sub cmd_setup_mergechangelogs {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit setup-mergechangelogs" if @ARGV;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-SETUP-TREE';
    setup_mergechangelogs(1);
}

sub cmd_setup_useremail {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit setup-useremail" if @ARGV;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-SETUP-TREE';
    setup_useremail(1);
}

sub cmd_setup_gitattributes {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit setup-useremail" if @ARGV;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-SETUP-TREE';
    setup_gitattrs(1);
}

sub cmd_setup_new_tree {
    badusage "no arguments allowed to dgit setup-tree" if @ARGV;
    local $isuite = 'DGIT-SETUP-TREE';
    setup_new_tree();
}

#---------- argument parsing and main program ----------

sub cmd_version {
    print "dgit version $our_version\n" or die $!;
    finish 0;
}

our (%valopts_long, %valopts_short);
our (%funcopts_long);
our @rvalopts;
our (@modeopt_cfgs);

sub defvalopt ($$$$) {
    my ($long,$short,$val_re,$how) = @_;
    my $oi = { Long => $long, Short => $short, Re => $val_re, How => $how };
    $valopts_long{$long} = $oi;
    $valopts_short{$short} = $oi;
    # $how subref should:
    #   do whatever assignemnt or thing it likes with $_[0]
    #   if the option should not be passed on to remote, @rvalopts=()
    # or $how can be a scalar ref, meaning simply assign the value
}

defvalopt '--since-version', '-v', '[^_]+|_', \$changes_since_version;
defvalopt '--distro',        '-d', '.+',      \$idistro;
defvalopt '',                '-k', '.+',      \$keyid;
defvalopt '--existing-package','', '.*',      \$existing_package;
defvalopt '--build-products-dir','','.*',     \$buildproductsdir;
defvalopt '--clean',       '', $cleanmode_re, \$cleanmode;
defvalopt '--package',   '-p',   $package_re, \$package;
defvalopt '--quilt',     '', $quilt_modes_re, \$quilt_mode;

defvalopt '', '-C', '.+', sub {
    ($changesfile) = (@_);
    if ($changesfile =~ s#^(.*)/##) {
        $buildproductsdir = $1;
    }
};

defvalopt '--initiator-tempdir','','.*', sub {
    ($initiator_tempdir) = (@_);
    $initiator_tempdir =~ m#^/# or
        badusage "--initiator-tempdir must be used specify an".
        " absolute, not relative, directory."
};

sub defoptmodes ($@) {
    my ($varref, $cfgkey, $default, %optmap) = @_;
    my %permit;
    while (my ($opt,$val) = each %optmap) {
        $funcopts_long{$opt} = sub { $$varref = $val; };
        $permit{$val} = $val;
    }
    push @modeopt_cfgs, {
        Var => $varref,
        Key => $cfgkey,
        Default => $default,
        Vals => \%permit
    };
}

defoptmodes \$dodep14tag, qw( dep14tag          want
                              --dep14tag        want
                              --no-dep14tag     no
                              --always-dep14tag always );

sub parseopts () {
    my $om;

    if (defined $ENV{'DGIT_SSH'}) {
        @ssh = string_to_ssh $ENV{'DGIT_SSH'};
    } elsif (defined $ENV{'GIT_SSH'}) {
        @ssh = ($ENV{'GIT_SSH'});
    }

    my $oi;
    my $val;
    my $valopt = sub {
        my ($what) = @_;
        @rvalopts = ($_);
        if (!defined $val) {
            badusage "$what needs a value" unless @ARGV;
            $val = shift @ARGV;
            push @rvalopts, $val;
        }
        badusage "bad value \`$val' for $what" unless
            $val =~ m/^$oi->{Re}$(?!\n)/s;
        my $how = $oi->{How};
        if (ref($how) eq 'SCALAR') {
            $$how = $val;
        } else {
            $how->($val);
        }
        push @ropts, @rvalopts;
    };

    while (@ARGV) {
        last unless $ARGV[0] =~ m/^-/;
        $_ = shift @ARGV;
        last if m/^--?$/;
        if (m/^--/) {
            if (m/^--dry-run$/) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $dryrun_level=2;
            } elsif (m/^--damp-run$/) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $dryrun_level=1;
            } elsif (m/^--no-sign$/) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $sign=0;
            } elsif (m/^--help$/) {
                cmd_help();
            } elsif (m/^--version$/) {
                cmd_version();
            } elsif (m/^--new$/) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $new_package=1;
            } elsif (m/^--([-0-9a-z]+)=(.+)/s &&
                     ($om = $opts_opt_map{$1}) &&
                     length $om->[0]) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $om->[0] = $2;
            } elsif (m/^--([-0-9a-z]+):(.*)/s &&
                     !$opts_opt_cmdonly{$1} &&
                     ($om = $opts_opt_map{$1})) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                push @$om, $2;
            } elsif (m/^--(gbp|dpm)$/s) {
                push @ropts, "--quilt=$1";
                $quilt_mode = $1;
            } elsif (m/^--ignore-dirty$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $ignoredirty = 1;
            } elsif (m/^--no-quilt-fixup$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $quilt_mode = 'nocheck';
            } elsif (m/^--no-rm-on-error$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $rmonerror = 0;
            } elsif (m/^--no-chase-dsc-distro$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $chase_dsc_distro = 0;
            } elsif (m/^--overwrite$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $overwrite_version = '';
            } elsif (m/^--overwrite=(.+)$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $overwrite_version = $1;
            } elsif (m/^--delayed=(\d+)$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                push @dput, $_;
            } elsif (m/^--dgit-view-save=(.+)$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $split_brain_save = $1;
                $split_brain_save =~ s#^(?!refs/)#refs/heads/#;
            } elsif (m/^--(no-)?rm-old-changes$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $rmchanges = !$1;
            } elsif (m/^--deliberately-($deliberately_re)$/s) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                push @deliberatelies, $&;
            } elsif (m/^--force-(.*)/ && defined $forceopts{$1}) {
                push @ropts, $&;
                $forceopts{$1} = 1;
                $_='';
            } elsif (m/^--force-/) {
                print STDERR
                    "$us: warning: ignoring unknown force option $_\n";
                $_='';
            } elsif (m/^--dgit-tag-format=(old|new)$/s) {
                # undocumented, for testing
                push @ropts, $_;
                $tagformat_want = [ $1, 'command line', 1 ];
                # 1 menas overrides distro configuration
            } elsif (m/^--always-split-source-build$/s) {
                # undocumented, for testing
                push @ropts, $_;
                $need_split_build_invocation = 1;
            } elsif (m/^--config-lookup-explode=(.+)$/s) {
                # undocumented, for testing
                push @ropts, $_;
                $gitcfgs{cmdline}{$1} = 'CONFIG-LOOKUP-EXPLODE';
                # ^ it's supposed to be an array ref
            } elsif (m/^(--[-0-9a-z]+)(=|$)/ && ($oi = $valopts_long{$1})) {
                $val = $2 ? $' : undef; #';
                $valopt->($oi->{Long});
            } elsif ($funcopts_long{$_}) {
                push @ropts, $_;
                $funcopts_long{$_}();
            } else {
                badusage "unknown long option \`$_'";
            }
        } else {
            while (m/^-./s) {
                if (s/^-n/-/) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $dryrun_level=2;
                } elsif (s/^-L/-/) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $dryrun_level=1;
                } elsif (s/^-h/-/) {
                    cmd_help();
                } elsif (s/^-D/-/) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $debuglevel++;
                    enabledebug();
                } elsif (s/^-N/-/) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $new_package=1;
                } elsif (m/^-m/) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    push @changesopts, $_;
                    $_ = '';
                } elsif (s/^-wn$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'none';
                } elsif (s/^-wg$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'git';
                } elsif (s/^-wgf$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'git-ff';
                } elsif (s/^-wd$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'dpkg-source';
                } elsif (s/^-wdd$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'dpkg-source-d';
                } elsif (s/^-wc$//s) {
                    push @ropts, $&;
                    $cleanmode = 'check';
                } elsif (s/^-c([^=]*)\=(.*)$//s) {
                    push @git, '-c', $&;
                    $gitcfgs{cmdline}{$1} = [ $2 ];
                } elsif (s/^-c([^=]+)$//s) {
                    push @git, '-c', $&;
                    $gitcfgs{cmdline}{$1} = [ 'true' ];
                } elsif (m/^-[a-zA-Z]/ && ($oi = $valopts_short{$&})) {
                    $val = $'; #';
                    $val = undef unless length $val;
                    $valopt->($oi->{Short});
                    $_ = '';
                } else {
                    badusage "unknown short option \`$_'";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

sub check_env_sanity () {
    my $blocked = new POSIX::SigSet;
    sigprocmask SIG_UNBLOCK, $blocked, $blocked or die $!;

    eval {
        foreach my $name (qw(PIPE CHLD)) {
            my $signame = "SIG$name";
            my $signum = eval "POSIX::$signame" // die;
            ($SIG{$name} // 'DEFAULT') eq 'DEFAULT' or
                die "$signame is set to something other than SIG_DFL\n";
            $blocked->ismember($signum) and
                die "$signame is blocked\n";
        }
    };
    return unless $@;
    chomp $@;
    fail <<END;
On entry to dgit, $@
This is a bug produced by something in in your execution environment.
Giving up.
END
}


sub parseopts_late_defaults () {
    $isuite //= cfg("dgit-distro.$idistro.default-suite", 'RETURN-UNDEF')
        if defined $idistro;
    $isuite //= cfg('dgit.default.default-suite');

    foreach my $k (keys %opts_opt_map) {
        my $om = $opts_opt_map{$k};

        my $v = access_cfg("cmd-$k", 'RETURN-UNDEF');
        if (defined $v) {
            badcfg "cannot set command for $k"
                unless length $om->[0];
            $om->[0] = $v;
        }

        foreach my $c (access_cfg_cfgs("opts-$k")) {
            my @vl =
                map { $_ ? @$_ : () }
                map { $gitcfgs{$_}{$c} }
                reverse @gitcfgsources;
            printdebug "CL $c ", (join " ", map { shellquote } @vl),
                "\n" if $debuglevel >= 4;
            next unless @vl;
            badcfg "cannot configure options for $k"
                if $opts_opt_cmdonly{$k};
            my $insertpos = $opts_cfg_insertpos{$k};
            @$om = ( @$om[0..$insertpos-1],
                     @vl,
                     @$om[$insertpos..$#$om] );
        }
    }

    if (!defined $rmchanges) {
        local $access_forpush;
        $rmchanges = access_cfg_bool(0, 'rm-old-changes');
    }

    if (!defined $quilt_mode) {
        local $access_forpush;
        $quilt_mode = cfg('dgit.force.quilt-mode', 'RETURN-UNDEF')
            // access_cfg('quilt-mode', 'RETURN-UNDEF')
            // 'linear';
        $quilt_mode =~ m/^($quilt_modes_re)$/ 
            or badcfg "unknown quilt-mode \`$quilt_mode'";
        $quilt_mode = $1;
    }

    foreach my $moc (@modeopt_cfgs) {
        local $access_forpush;
        my $vr = $moc->{Var};
        next if defined $$vr;
        $$vr = access_cfg($moc->{Key}, 'RETURN-UNDEF') // $moc->{Default};
        my $v = $moc->{Vals}{$$vr};
        badcfg "unknown $moc->{Key} setting \`$$vr'" unless defined $v;
        $$vr = $v;
    }

    $need_split_build_invocation ||= quiltmode_splitbrain();

    if (!defined $cleanmode) {
        local $access_forpush;
        $cleanmode = access_cfg('clean-mode', 'RETURN-UNDEF');
        $cleanmode //= 'dpkg-source';

        badcfg "unknown clean-mode \`$cleanmode'" unless
            $cleanmode =~ m/^($cleanmode_re)$(?!\n)/s;
    }
}

if ($ENV{$fakeeditorenv}) {
    git_slurp_config();
    quilt_fixup_editor();
}

parseopts();
check_env_sanity();

print STDERR "DRY RUN ONLY\n" if $dryrun_level > 1;
print STDERR "DAMP RUN - WILL MAKE LOCAL (UNSIGNED) CHANGES\n"
    if $dryrun_level == 1;
if (!@ARGV) {
    print STDERR $helpmsg or die $!;
    finish 8;
}
$cmd = $subcommand = shift @ARGV;
$cmd =~ y/-/_/;

my $pre_fn = ${*::}{"pre_$cmd"};
$pre_fn->() if $pre_fn;

record_maindir if $invoked_in_git_tree;
git_slurp_config();

my $fn = ${*::}{"cmd_$cmd"};
$fn or badusage "unknown operation $cmd";
$fn->();

finish 0;