src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34
  35 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  36
  37 #include "log.h"
  38 #include "util.h"
  39 #include "macro.h"
  40 #include "set.h"
  41 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  42 #include "special.h"
  43 #include "initreq.h"
  44 #include "strv.h"
  45 #include "dbus-common.h"
  46 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  48 #include "list.h"
  49 #include "path-lookup.h"
  50 #include "conf-parser.h"
  51 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  52 #include "shutdownd.h"
  53 #include "exit-status.h"
  54 #include "bus-errors.h"
  55 #include "build.h"
  56
  57 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  58 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  59 static bool arg_all = false;
  60 static bool arg_fail = false;
  61 static bool arg_session = false;
  62 static bool arg_global = false;
  63 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  64 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  65 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  66 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  69 static bool arg_dry = false;
  70 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  71 static bool arg_full = false;
  72 static bool arg_force = false;
  73 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  74 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  75 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  76 static enum action {
  77         ACTION_INVALID,
  78         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  79         ACTION_HALT,
  80         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  81         ACTION_REBOOT,
  82         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  83         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  84         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  85         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  86         ACTION_RESCUE,
  87         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  88         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  89         ACTION_RELOAD,
  90         ACTION_REEXEC,
  91         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
  92         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
  93         _ACTION_MAX
  94 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
  95 static enum dot {
  96         DOT_ALL,
  97         DOT_ORDER,
  98         DOT_REQUIRE
  99 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 100
 101 static bool private_bus = false;
 102
 103 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 104
 105 static bool on_tty(void) {
 106         static int t = -1;
 107
 108         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 109                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 110
 111         return t;
 112 }
 113
 114 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 115
 116         if (!on_tty())
 117                 return "";
 118
 119         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 120 }
 121
 122 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 123
 124         if (!on_tty())
 125                 return "";
 126
 127         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 128 }
 129
 130 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 131         assert(error);
 132
 133         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 134                 return false;
 135
 136         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 137                 return true;
 138
 139         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 140                 return true;
 141
 142         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 143 }
 144
 145 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 146         assert(error);
 147
 148         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 149                 return r;
 150
 151         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 152             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 153             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 154             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 155                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 156
 157         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 158                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 159
 160         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 161             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 162                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 163
 164         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 165                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 166
 167         if (r != 0)
 168                 return r;
 169
 170         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 171 }
 172
 173 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 174
 175         assert(iter);
 176         assert(data);
 177
 178         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 179                 return -EIO;
 180
 181         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 182
 183         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 184                 return -EIO;
 185
 186         return 0;
 187 }
 188
 189 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 190         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 191                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 192                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 193                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 194                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 195                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 196         };
 197
 198         if (arg_no_wall)
 199                 return;
 200
 201         if (arg_wall) {
 202                 char *p;
 203
 204                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 205                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 206                         return;
 207                 }
 208
 209                 if (*p) {
 210                         utmp_wall(p);
 211                         free(p);
 212                         return;
 213                 }
 214
 215                 free(p);
 216         }
 217
 218         if (!table[action])
 219                 return;
 220
 221         utmp_wall(table[action]);
 222 }
 223
 224 struct unit_info {
 225         const char *id;
 226         const char *description;
 227         const char *load_state;
 228         const char *active_state;
 229         const char *sub_state;
 230         const char *following;
 231         const char *unit_path;
 232         uint32_t job_id;
 233         const char *job_type;
 234         const char *job_path;
 235 };
 236
 237 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 238         const char *d1, *d2;
 239         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 240
 241         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 242         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 243
 244         if (d1 && d2) {
 245                 int r;
 246
 247                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 248                         return r;
 249         }
 250
 251         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 252 }
 253
 254 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 255         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 256         DBusError error;
 257         int r;
 258         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 259         unsigned c = 0, k, n_units = 0;
 260         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 261
 262         dbus_error_init(&error);
 263
 264         assert(bus);
 265
 266         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 267                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 268                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 269                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 270                               "ListUnits"))) {
 271                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 272                 return -ENOMEM;
 273         }
 274
 275         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 276                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 277                 r = -EIO;
 278                 goto finish;
 279         }
 280
 281         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 282             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 283             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 284                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 285                 r = -EIO;
 286                 goto finish;
 287         }
 288
 289         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 290
 291         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 292                 struct unit_info *u;
 293
 294                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 295                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 296                         r = -EIO;
 297                         goto finish;
 298                 }
 299
 300                 if (c >= n_units) {
 301                         struct unit_info *w;
 302
 303                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 304                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 305
 306                         if (!w) {
 307                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 308                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 309                                 goto finish;
 310                         }
 311
 312                         unit_infos = w;
 313                 }
 314
 315                 u = unit_infos+c;
 316
 317                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 318
 319                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 320                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 321                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 322                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 323                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 324                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 325                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 326                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 327                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 328                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 329                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 330                         r = -EIO;
 331                         goto finish;
 332                 }
 333
 334                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 335                 c++;
 336         }
 337
 338         qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 339
 340         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
 341                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 342                         printf("%-25s %-6s %-12s %-18s %-15s %s\n", "UNIT", "LOAD", "ACTIVE", "SUB", "JOB", "DESCRIPTION");
 343                 else
 344                         printf("%-25s %-6s %-12s %-18s %-15s\n", "UNIT", "LOAD", "ACTIVE", "SUB", "JOB");
 345         }
 346
 347         for (k = 0; k < c; k++) {
 348                 const char *dot;
 349                 struct unit_info *u = unit_infos+k;
 350
 351                 if ((!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 352                                    streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 353                     (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0)) {
 354                         char *e;
 355                         int a = 0, b = 0;
 356                         const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 357                         const char *on_active, *off_active;
 358
 359                         if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded")) {
 360                                 on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 361                                 off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 362                         } else
 363                                 on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 364
 365                         if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 366                                 on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 367                                 off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 368                         } else
 369                                 on_active = off_active = "";
 370
 371                         e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 372
 373                         printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-12s %-18s%s%n",
 374                                e ? e : u->id,
 375                                on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 376                                on_active, u->active_state, u->sub_state, off_active,
 377                                &a);
 378
 379                         free(e);
 380
 381                         a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 382                         a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 383
 384                         if (u->job_id != 0)
 385                                 printf(" %-15s%n", u->job_type, &b);
 386                         else
 387                                 b = 1 + 15;
 388
 389                         if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 390                                 if (u->job_id == 0)
 391                                         printf("                ");
 392
 393                                 if (arg_full)
 394                                         printf(" %s", u->description);
 395                                 else
 396                                         printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 397                         }
 398
 399                         fputs("\n", stdout);
 400                 }
 401         }
 402
 403         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
 404
 405                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 406                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 407                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 408                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 409
 410                 if (arg_all)
 411                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", c);
 412                 else
 413                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", c);
 414         }
 415
 416         r = 0;
 417
 418 finish:
 419         if (m)
 420                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 421
 422         if (reply)
 423                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 424
 425         free(unit_infos);
 426
 427         dbus_error_free(&error);
 428
 429         return r;
 430 }
 431
 432 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 433         static const char * const colors[] = {
 434                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 435                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 436                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 437                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 438                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 439                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 440                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 441                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 442         };
 443
 444         const char *c = NULL;
 445         unsigned i;
 446
 447         assert(name);
 448         assert(prop);
 449         assert(iter);
 450
 451         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 452                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 453                         c = colors[i+1];
 454                         break;
 455                 }
 456
 457         if (!c)
 458                 return 0;
 459
 460         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 461                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 462                         return 0;
 463
 464         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 465
 466         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 467
 468                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 469                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 470
 471                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 472
 473                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 474                                 const char *s;
 475
 476                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 477                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 478                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 479
 480                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 481                         }
 482
 483                         return 0;
 484                 }
 485         }
 486
 487         return 0;
 488 }
 489
 490 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 491         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 492         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 493         int r;
 494         DBusError error;
 495         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 496
 497         assert(bus);
 498         assert(path);
 499
 500         dbus_error_init(&error);
 501
 502         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 503                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 504                               path,
 505                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 506                               "GetAll"))) {
 507                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 508                 r = -ENOMEM;
 509                 goto finish;
 510         }
 511
 512         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 513                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 514                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 515                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 516                 r = -ENOMEM;
 517                 goto finish;
 518         }
 519
 520         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 521                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 522                 r = -EIO;
 523                 goto finish;
 524         }
 525
 526         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 527             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 528             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 529                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 530                 r = -EIO;
 531                 goto finish;
 532         }
 533
 534         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 535
 536         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 537                 const char *prop;
 538
 539                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 540                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 541                         r = -EIO;
 542                         goto finish;
 543                 }
 544
 545                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 546
 547                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 548                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 549                         r = -EIO;
 550                         goto finish;
 551                 }
 552
 553                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 554                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 555                         r = -EIO;
 556                         goto finish;
 557                 }
 558
 559                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 560
 561                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 562                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 563                         r = -EIO;
 564                         goto finish;
 565                 }
 566
 567                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 568         }
 569
 570         r = 0;
 571
 572 finish:
 573         if (m)
 574                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 575
 576         if (reply)
 577                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 578
 579         dbus_error_free(&error);
 580
 581         return r;
 582 }
 583
 584 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 585         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 586         DBusError error;
 587         int r;
 588         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 589
 590         dbus_error_init(&error);
 591
 592         assert(bus);
 593
 594         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 595                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 596                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 597                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 598                               "ListUnits"))) {
 599                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 600                 return -ENOMEM;
 601         }
 602
 603         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 604                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 605                 r = -EIO;
 606                 goto finish;
 607         }
 608
 609         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 610             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 611             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 612                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 613                 r = -EIO;
 614                 goto finish;
 615         }
 616
 617         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 618
 619         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 620         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 621                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 622
 623                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 624                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 625                         r = -EIO;
 626                         goto finish;
 627                 }
 628
 629                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 630
 631                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 632                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 633                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 634                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 635                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 636                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 637                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 638                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 639                         r = -EIO;
 640                         goto finish;
 641                 }
 642
 643                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 644                         goto finish;
 645
 646                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 647                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 648         }
 649
 650         printf("}\n");
 651
 652         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 653                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 654                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 655                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 656                  "                 green     = After\n");
 657
 658         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 659                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 660                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 661
 662         r = 0;
 663
 664 finish:
 665         if (m)
 666                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 667
 668         if (reply)
 669                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 670
 671         dbus_error_free(&error);
 672
 673         return r;
 674 }
 675
 676 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 677         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 678         DBusError error;
 679         int r;
 680         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 681         unsigned k = 0;
 682
 683         dbus_error_init(&error);
 684
 685         assert(bus);
 686
 687         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 688                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 689                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 690                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 691                               "ListJobs"))) {
 692                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 693                 return -ENOMEM;
 694         }
 695
 696         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 697                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 698                 r = -EIO;
 699                 goto finish;
 700         }
 701
 702         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 703             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 704             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 705                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 706                 r = -EIO;
 707                 goto finish;
 708         }
 709
 710         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 711
 712         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 713                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 714
 715         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 716                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 717                 uint32_t id;
 718                 char *e;
 719
 720                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 721                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 722                         r = -EIO;
 723                         goto finish;
 724                 }
 725
 726                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 727
 728                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 729                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 730                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 731                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 732                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 733                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 734                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 735                         r = -EIO;
 736                         goto finish;
 737                 }
 738
 739                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 740                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 741                 free(e);
 742
 743                 k++;
 744
 745                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 746         }
 747
 748         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 749                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 750
 751         r = 0;
 752
 753 finish:
 754         if (m)
 755                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 756
 757         if (reply)
 758                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 759
 760         dbus_error_free(&error);
 761
 762         return r;
 763 }
 764
 765 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 766         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 767         DBusError error;
 768         int r;
 769         unsigned i;
 770
 771         dbus_error_init(&error);
 772
 773         assert(bus);
 774         assert(args);
 775
 776         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 777
 778                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 779                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 780                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 781                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 782                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 783                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 784                         r = -ENOMEM;
 785                         goto finish;
 786                 }
 787
 788                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 789                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 790                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 791                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 792                         r = -ENOMEM;
 793                         goto finish;
 794                 }
 795
 796                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 797                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 798                         r = -EIO;
 799                         goto finish;
 800                 }
 801
 802                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 803                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 804
 805                 m = reply = NULL;
 806         }
 807
 808         r = 0;
 809
 810 finish:
 811         if (m)
 812                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 813
 814         if (reply)
 815                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 816
 817         dbus_error_free(&error);
 818
 819         return r;
 820 }
 821
 822 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 823         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 824         DBusError error;
 825         int r;
 826         unsigned i;
 827
 828         dbus_error_init(&error);
 829
 830         assert(bus);
 831         assert(args);
 832
 833         if (n <= 1)
 834                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 835
 836         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 837                 unsigned id;
 838                 const char *path;
 839
 840                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 841                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 842                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 843                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 844                                       "GetJob"))) {
 845                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 846                         r = -ENOMEM;
 847                         goto finish;
 848                 }
 849
 850                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 851                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 852                         goto finish;
 853                 }
 854
 855                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 856                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 857                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 858                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 859                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 860                         r = -ENOMEM;
 861                         goto finish;
 862                 }
 863
 864                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 865                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 866                         r = -EIO;
 867                         goto finish;
 868                 }
 869
 870                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 871                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 872                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 873                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 874                         r = -EIO;
 875                         goto finish;
 876                 }
 877
 878                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 879                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 880                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 881                                       path,
 882                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 883                                       "Cancel"))) {
 884                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 885                         r = -ENOMEM;
 886                         goto finish;
 887                 }
 888
 889                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 890                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 891                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 892                         r = -EIO;
 893                         goto finish;
 894                 }
 895
 896                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 897                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 898                 m = reply = NULL;
 899         }
 900
 901         r = 0;
 902
 903 finish:
 904         if (m)
 905                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 906
 907         if (reply)
 908                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 909
 910         dbus_error_free(&error);
 911
 912         return r;
 913 }
 914
 915 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
 916         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 917         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
 918         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 919         const char
 920                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
 921                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
 922                 *path;
 923
 924         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
 925
 926         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 927                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 928                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 929                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 930                               "GetUnit")))
 931                 goto finish;
 932
 933         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 934                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
 935                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 936                 goto finish;
 937
 938         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 939                 goto finish;
 940
 941         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
 942                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 943                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 944                 goto finish;
 945
 946         dbus_message_unref(m);
 947         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 948                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 949                               path,
 950                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 951                               "Get")))
 952                 goto finish;
 953
 954         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 955                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 956                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
 957                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 958                 goto finish;
 959         }
 960
 961         dbus_message_unref(reply);
 962         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 963                 goto finish;
 964
 965         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 966             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
 967                 goto finish;
 968
 969         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 970
 971         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
 972                 goto finish;
 973
 974         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
 975
 976 finish:
 977         if (m)
 978                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 979
 980         if (reply)
 981                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 982
 983         return b;
 984 }
 985
 986 typedef struct WaitData {
 987         Set *set;
 988         bool failed;
 989 } WaitData;
 990
 991 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
 992         DBusError error;
 993         WaitData *d = data;
 994
 995         assert(connection);
 996         assert(message);
 997         assert(d);
 998
 999         dbus_error_init(&error);
1000
1001         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1002                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1003                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1004                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1005
1006         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1007                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1008                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1009
1010         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1011                 uint32_t id;
1012                 const char *path;
1013                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1014
1015                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1016                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1017                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1018                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1019                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1020                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1021                 else {
1022                         char *p;
1023
1024                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1025                                 free(p);
1026
1027                         if (!success)
1028                                 d->failed = true;
1029                 }
1030         }
1031
1032         dbus_error_free(&error);
1033         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1034 }
1035
1036 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1037         DBusError error;
1038
1039         assert(bus);
1040
1041         if (private_bus)
1042                 return 0;
1043
1044         dbus_error_init(&error);
1045         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1046                            "type='signal',"
1047                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1048                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1049                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1050                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1051                            &error);
1052
1053         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1054                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1055                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1056                 return -EIO;
1057         }
1058
1059         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1060         return 0;
1061 }
1062
1063 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1064         int r;
1065         WaitData d;
1066
1067         assert(bus);
1068         assert(s);
1069
1070         zero(d);
1071         d.set = s;
1072         d.failed = false;
1073
1074         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1075                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1076                 r = -ENOMEM;
1077                 goto finish;
1078         }
1079
1080         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1081                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1082                 ;
1083
1084         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
1085                 log_error("Job failed, see system logs for details.");
1086
1087         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
1088
1089 finish:
1090         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1091
1092         return r;
1093 }
1094
1095 static int start_unit_one(
1096                 DBusConnection *bus,
1097                 const char *method,
1098                 const char *name,
1099                 const char *mode,
1100                 DBusError *error,
1101                 Set *s) {
1102
1103         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1104         const char *path;
1105         int r;
1106
1107         assert(bus);
1108         assert(method);
1109         assert(name);
1110         assert(mode);
1111         assert(error);
1112         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1113
1114         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1115                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1116                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1117                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1118                               method))) {
1119                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1120                 r = -ENOMEM;
1121                 goto finish;
1122         }
1123
1124         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1125                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1126                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1127                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1128                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1129                 r = -ENOMEM;
1130                 goto finish;
1131         }
1132
1133         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1134
1135                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1136                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1137                          * legacy actions. */
1138                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1139                         goto finish;
1140                 }
1141
1142                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1143                 r = -EIO;
1144                 goto finish;
1145         }
1146
1147         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1148                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1149                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1150                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1151                 r = -EIO;
1152                 goto finish;
1153         }
1154
1155         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1156                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1157                             arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1158
1159         if (!arg_no_block) {
1160                 char *p;
1161
1162                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1163                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1164                         r = -ENOMEM;
1165                         goto finish;
1166                 }
1167
1168                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1169                         free(p);
1170                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1171                         goto finish;
1172                 }
1173         }
1174
1175         r = 0;
1176
1177 finish:
1178         if (m)
1179                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1180
1181         if (reply)
1182                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1183
1184         return r;
1185 }
1186
1187 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1188         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1189                 return ACTION_HALT;
1190         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1191                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1192         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1193                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1194         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1195                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1196         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1197                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1198         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1199                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1200         else
1201                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1202 }
1203
1204 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1205
1206         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1207                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1208                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1209                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1210                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1211                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1212                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1213                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1214                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1215                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1216                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
1217         };
1218
1219         int r, ret = 0;
1220         unsigned i;
1221         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1222         Set *s = NULL;
1223         DBusError error;
1224
1225         dbus_error_init(&error);
1226
1227         assert(bus);
1228
1229         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1230                 method =
1231                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1232                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1233                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1234                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1235                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1236                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1237                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ||
1238                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1239                                                                   "StartUnit";
1240
1241                 mode =
1242                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1243                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1244                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1245                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1246                                                         "replace";
1247
1248                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1249
1250         } else {
1251                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1252                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1253
1254                 method = "StartUnit";
1255
1256                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1257                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1258                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1259                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1260                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1261                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1262
1263                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1264         }
1265
1266         if (!arg_no_block) {
1267                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1268                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1269                         goto finish;
1270                 }
1271
1272                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1273                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1274                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1275                         goto finish;
1276                 }
1277         }
1278
1279         if (one_name) {
1280                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1281                         goto finish;
1282         } else {
1283                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1284                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1285                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1286                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1287                         }
1288         }
1289
1290         if (!arg_no_block)
1291                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1292                         ret = r;
1293                         goto finish;
1294                 }
1295
1296 finish:
1297         if (s)
1298                 set_free_free(s);
1299
1300         dbus_error_free(&error);
1301
1302         return ret;
1303 }
1304
1305 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1306         int r;
1307
1308         assert(bus);
1309         assert(args);
1310
1311         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1312
1313         if (r >= 0)
1314                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1315
1316         return r;
1317 }
1318
1319 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1320         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1321         const char
1322                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1323                 *property = "ActiveState";
1324         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1325         DBusError error;
1326         unsigned i;
1327
1328         assert(bus);
1329         assert(args);
1330
1331         dbus_error_init(&error);
1332
1333         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1334                 const char *path = NULL;
1335                 const char *state;
1336                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1337
1338                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1339                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1340                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1341                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1342                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1343                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1344                         r = -ENOMEM;
1345                         goto finish;
1346                 }
1347
1348                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1349                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1350                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1351                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1352                         r = -ENOMEM;
1353                         goto finish;
1354                 }
1355
1356                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1357
1358                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1359                         if (!arg_quiet)
1360                                 puts("unknown");
1361
1362                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1363                         continue;
1364                 }
1365
1366                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1367                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1368                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1369                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1370                         r = -EIO;
1371                         goto finish;
1372                 }
1373
1374                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1375                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1376                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1377                                       path,
1378                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1379                                       "Get"))) {
1380                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1381                         r = -ENOMEM;
1382                         goto finish;
1383                 }
1384
1385                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1386                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1387                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1388                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1389                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1390                         r = -ENOMEM;
1391                         goto finish;
1392                 }
1393
1394                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1395                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1396                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1397                         r = -EIO;
1398                         goto finish;
1399                 }
1400
1401                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1402                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1403                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1404                         r = -EIO;
1405                         goto finish;
1406                 }
1407
1408                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1409
1410                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1411                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1412                         r = -EIO;
1413                         goto finish;
1414                 }
1415
1416                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1417
1418                 if (!arg_quiet)
1419                         puts(state);
1420
1421                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1422                         r = 0;
1423
1424                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1425                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1426                 m = reply = NULL;
1427         }
1428
1429 finish:
1430         if (m)
1431                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1432
1433         if (reply)
1434                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1435
1436         dbus_error_free(&error);
1437
1438         return r;
1439 }
1440
1441 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1442         char *path;
1443         char **argv;
1444
1445         bool ignore;
1446
1447         usec_t start_timestamp;
1448         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1449         pid_t pid;
1450         int code;
1451         int status;
1452
1453         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1454 } ExecStatusInfo;
1455
1456 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1457         assert(i);
1458
1459         free(i->path);
1460         strv_free(i->argv);
1461         free(i);
1462 }
1463
1464 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1465         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1466         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1467         const char*path;
1468         unsigned n;
1469         uint32_t pid;
1470         int32_t code, status;
1471         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1472
1473         assert(i);
1474         assert(i);
1475
1476         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1477                 return -EIO;
1478
1479         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1480
1481         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1482                 return -EIO;
1483
1484         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1485                 return -ENOMEM;
1486
1487         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1488             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1489                 return -EIO;
1490
1491         n = 0;
1492         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1493         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1494                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1495                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1496                 n++;
1497         }
1498
1499
1500         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1501                 return -ENOMEM;
1502
1503         n = 0;
1504         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1505         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1506                 const char *s;
1507
1508                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1509                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1510                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1511
1512                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1513                         return -ENOMEM;
1514         }
1515
1516         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1517             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1518             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1519             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1520             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1521             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1522             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1523                 return -EIO;
1524
1525         i->ignore = ignore;
1526         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1527         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1528         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1529         i->code = code;
1530         i->status = status;
1531
1532         return 0;
1533 }
1534
1535 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1536         const char *id;
1537         const char *load_state;
1538         const char *active_state;
1539         const char *sub_state;
1540
1541         const char *description;
1542
1543         const char *path;
1544         const char *default_control_group;
1545
1546         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1547         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1548         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1549         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1550
1551         bool need_daemon_reload;
1552
1553         /* Service */
1554         pid_t main_pid;
1555         pid_t control_pid;
1556         const char *status_text;
1557         bool running:1;
1558         bool is_sysv:1;
1559
1560         usec_t start_timestamp;
1561         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1562
1563         int exit_code, exit_status;
1564
1565         /* Socket */
1566         unsigned n_accepted;
1567         unsigned n_connections;
1568         bool accept;
1569
1570         /* Device */
1571         const char *sysfs_path;
1572
1573         /* Mount, Automount */
1574         const char *where;
1575
1576         /* Swap */
1577         const char *what;
1578
1579         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1580 } UnitStatusInfo;
1581
1582 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1583         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1584         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1585         usec_t timestamp;
1586         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1587         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1588
1589         assert(i);
1590
1591         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1592          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1593
1594         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1595
1596         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1597                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1598
1599         printf("\n");
1600
1601         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed")) {
1602                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1603                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1604         } else
1605                 on = off = "";
1606
1607         if (i->path)
1608                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1609         else
1610                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1611
1612         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1613
1614         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1615                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1616                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1617         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1618                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1619                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1620         } else
1621                 on = off = "";
1622
1623         if (ss)
1624                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1625                        on,
1626                        strna(i->active_state),
1627                        ss,
1628                        off);
1629         else
1630                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1631                        on,
1632                        strna(i->active_state),
1633                        off);
1634
1635         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1636                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1637                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1638                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1639                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1640                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1641
1642         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1643         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1644
1645         if (s1)
1646                 printf(" since [%s; %s]\n", s2, s1);
1647         else if (s2)
1648                 printf(" since [%s]\n", s2);
1649         else
1650                 printf("\n");
1651
1652         if (i->sysfs_path)
1653                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1654         else if (i->where)
1655                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1656         else if (i->what)
1657                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1658
1659         if (i->accept)
1660                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1661
1662         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1663                 char *t;
1664
1665                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1666                 if (p->code == 0)
1667                         continue;
1668
1669                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1670                 printf("\t Process: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1671                 free(t);
1672
1673                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1674                         const char *c;
1675
1676                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1677
1678                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1679                                 printf("/%s", c);
1680
1681                 } else
1682                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1683                 printf(")\n");
1684
1685                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1686                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1687                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1688                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1689                         i->main_pid = 0;
1690
1691                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1692                         i->control_pid = 0;
1693         }
1694
1695         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1696                 printf("\t");
1697
1698                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1699                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1700
1701                         if (i->running) {
1702                                 char *t = NULL;
1703                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1704                                 if (t) {
1705                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1706                                         free(t);
1707                                 }
1708                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1709                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1710
1711                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
1712                                         const char *c;
1713
1714                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1715
1716                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1717                                                 printf("/%s", c);
1718
1719                                 } else
1720                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1721                                 printf(")");
1722                         }
1723                 }
1724
1725                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1726                         printf(";");
1727
1728                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1729                         char *t = NULL;
1730
1731                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1732
1733                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1734                         if (t) {
1735                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1736                                 free(t);
1737                         }
1738                 }
1739
1740                 printf("\n");
1741         }
1742
1743         if (i->status_text)
1744                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1745
1746         if (i->default_control_group) {
1747                 unsigned c;
1748
1749                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1750
1751                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1752                         c -= 18;
1753                 else
1754                         c = 0;
1755
1756                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1757         }
1758
1759         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1760                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1761                        ansi_highlight(true),
1762                        ansi_highlight(false),
1763                        arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1764 }
1765
1766 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1767
1768         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1769
1770         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1771                 const char *s;
1772
1773                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1774
1775                 if (s[0]) {
1776                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1777                                 i->id = s;
1778                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1779                                 i->load_state = s;
1780                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1781                                 i->active_state = s;
1782                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1783                                 i->sub_state = s;
1784                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1785                                 i->description = s;
1786                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1787                                 i->path = s;
1788                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
1789                                 i->is_sysv = true;
1790                                 i->path = s;
1791                         } else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1792                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1793                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1794                                 i->status_text = s;
1795                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1796                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1797                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1798                                 i->where = s;
1799                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1800                                 i->what = s;
1801                 }
1802
1803                 break;
1804         }
1805
1806         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1807                 dbus_bool_t b;
1808
1809                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1810
1811                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
1812                         i->accept = b;
1813                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
1814                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
1815
1816                 break;
1817         }
1818
1819         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1820                 uint32_t u;
1821
1822                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1823
1824                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
1825                         if (u > 0) {
1826                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1827                                 i->running = true;
1828                         }
1829                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
1830                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
1831                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
1832                         if (u > 0)
1833                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1834                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
1835                         i->n_accepted = u;
1836                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
1837                         i->n_connections = u;
1838
1839                 break;
1840         }
1841
1842         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1843                 int32_t j;
1844
1845                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
1846
1847                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
1848                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
1849                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
1850                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
1851
1852                 break;
1853         }
1854
1855         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1856                 uint64_t u;
1857
1858                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1859
1860                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
1861                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1862                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
1863                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1864                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
1865                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1866                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
1867                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1868                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
1869                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1870                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
1871                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1872
1873                 break;
1874         }
1875
1876         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1877
1878                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
1879                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1880                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1881
1882                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1883                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1884                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
1885                                 int r;
1886
1887                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
1888                                         return -ENOMEM;
1889
1890                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
1891                                         free(info);
1892                                         return r;
1893                                 }
1894
1895                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
1896
1897                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1898                         }
1899                 }
1900
1901                 break;
1902         }
1903         }
1904
1905         return 0;
1906 }
1907
1908 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
1909         assert(name);
1910         assert(iter);
1911
1912         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
1913          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
1914
1915         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
1916                 return 0;
1917
1918         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1919
1920         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1921                 const char *s;
1922                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1923
1924                 if (arg_all || s[0])
1925                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1926
1927                 return 0;
1928         }
1929
1930         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1931                 dbus_bool_t b;
1932                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1933                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
1934
1935                 return 0;
1936         }
1937
1938         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1939                 uint64_t u;
1940                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1941
1942                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
1943                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
1944
1945                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
1946                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
1947
1948                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
1949                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
1950                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
1951                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1952
1953                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
1954                 } else
1955                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
1956
1957                 return 0;
1958         }
1959
1960         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1961                 uint32_t u;
1962                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1963
1964                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
1965                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
1966                 else
1967                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1968
1969                 return 0;
1970         }
1971
1972         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1973                 int32_t i;
1974                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
1975
1976                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
1977                 return 0;
1978         }
1979
1980         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
1981                 DBusMessageIter sub;
1982                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1983
1984                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
1985                         uint32_t u;
1986
1987                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
1988
1989                         if (u)
1990                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1991                         else if (arg_all)
1992                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
1993
1994                         return 0;
1995                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
1996                         const char *s;
1997
1998                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
1999
2000                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2001                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2002
2003                         return 0;
2004                 }
2005
2006                 break;
2007         }
2008
2009         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2010
2011                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2012                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2013                         bool space = false;
2014
2015                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2016                         if (arg_all ||
2017                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2018                                 printf("%s=", name);
2019
2020                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2021                                         const char *s;
2022
2023                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2024                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2025                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2026
2027                                         space = true;
2028                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2029                                 }
2030
2031                                 puts("");
2032                         }
2033
2034                         return 0;
2035
2036                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2037                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2038
2039                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2040                         if (arg_all ||
2041                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2042                                 printf("%s=", name);
2043
2044                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2045                                         uint8_t u;
2046
2047                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2048                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2049                                         printf("%02x", u);
2050
2051                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2052                                 }
2053
2054                                 puts("");
2055                         }
2056
2057                         return 0;
2058
2059                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2060                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2061
2062                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2063                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2064                                 const char *type, *path;
2065
2066                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2067
2068                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2069                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2070                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2071
2072                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2073                         }
2074
2075                         return 0;
2076
2077                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2078                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2079
2080                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2081                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2082                                 const char *base;
2083                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2084
2085                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2086
2087                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2088                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2089                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2090                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2091
2092                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2093                                                base,
2094                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2095                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2096                                 }
2097
2098                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2099                         }
2100
2101                         return 0;
2102
2103                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2104                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2105
2106                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2107                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2108                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2109
2110                                 zero(info);
2111                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2112                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2113                                         char *t;
2114
2115                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2116
2117                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2118                                                name,
2119                                                strna(info.path),
2120                                                strna(t),
2121                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2122                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2123                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2124                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2125                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2126                                                info.status,
2127                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2128                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2129
2130                                         free(t);
2131                                 }
2132
2133                                 free(info.path);
2134                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2135
2136                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2137                         }
2138
2139                         return 0;
2140                 }
2141
2142                 break;
2143         }
2144
2145         if (arg_all)
2146                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2147
2148         return 0;
2149 }
2150
2151 static int show_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2152         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2153         const char *interface = "";
2154         int r;
2155         DBusError error;
2156         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2157         UnitStatusInfo info;
2158         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2159
2160         assert(bus);
2161         assert(path);
2162         assert(new_line);
2163
2164         zero(info);
2165         dbus_error_init(&error);
2166
2167         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2168                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2169                               path,
2170                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2171                               "GetAll"))) {
2172                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2173                 r = -ENOMEM;
2174                 goto finish;
2175         }
2176
2177         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2178                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2179                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2180                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2181                 r = -ENOMEM;
2182                 goto finish;
2183         }
2184
2185         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2186                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2187                 r = -EIO;
2188                 goto finish;
2189         }
2190
2191         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2192             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2193             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2194                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2195                 r = -EIO;
2196                 goto finish;
2197         }
2198
2199         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2200
2201         if (*new_line)
2202                 printf("\n");
2203
2204         *new_line = true;
2205
2206         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2207                 const char *name;
2208
2209                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2210                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2211                         r = -EIO;
2212                         goto finish;
2213                 }
2214
2215                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2216
2217                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2218                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2219                         r = -EIO;
2220                         goto finish;
2221                 }
2222
2223                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2224                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2225                         r = -EIO;
2226                         goto finish;
2227                 }
2228
2229                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2230
2231                 if (show_properties)
2232                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2233                 else
2234                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2235
2236                 if (r < 0) {
2237                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2238                         r = -EIO;
2239                         goto finish;
2240                 }
2241
2242                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2243         }
2244
2245         r = 0;
2246
2247         if (!show_properties)
2248                 print_status_info(&info);
2249
2250         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2251             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading"))
2252                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2253                 r = 3;
2254
2255         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2256                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2257                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2258         }
2259
2260 finish:
2261         if (m)
2262                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2263
2264         if (reply)
2265                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2266
2267         dbus_error_free(&error);
2268
2269         return r;
2270 }
2271
2272 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2273         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2274         int r, ret = 0;
2275         DBusError error;
2276         unsigned i;
2277         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2278
2279         assert(bus);
2280         assert(args);
2281
2282         dbus_error_init(&error);
2283
2284         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2285
2286         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2287                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2288                  * itself */
2289
2290                 ret = show_one(bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2291                 goto finish;
2292         }
2293
2294         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2295                 const char *path = NULL;
2296                 uint32_t id;
2297
2298                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2299
2300                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2301
2302                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2303                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2304                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2305                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2306                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2307                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2308                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2309                                 goto finish;
2310                         }
2311
2312                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2313                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2314                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2315                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2316                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2317                                 goto finish;
2318                         }
2319
2320                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2321
2322                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2323                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2324                                         ret = -EIO;
2325                                         goto finish;
2326                                 }
2327
2328                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2329
2330                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2331                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2332                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2333                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2334                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2335                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2336                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2337                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2338                                         goto finish;
2339                                 }
2340
2341                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2342                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2343                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2344                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2345                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2346                                         goto finish;
2347                                 }
2348
2349                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2350                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2351
2352                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2353                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2354                                         else
2355                                                 ret = -EIO;
2356                                         goto finish;
2357                                 }
2358                         }
2359
2360                 } else if (show_properties) {
2361
2362                         /* Interpret as job id */
2363
2364                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2365                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2366                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2367                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2368                                               "GetJob"))) {
2369                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2370                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2371                                 goto finish;
2372                         }
2373
2374                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2375                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2376                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2377                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2378                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2379                                 goto finish;
2380                         }
2381
2382                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2383                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2384                                 ret = -EIO;
2385                                 goto finish;
2386                         }
2387                 } else {
2388
2389                         /* Interpret as PID */
2390
2391                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2392                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2393                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2394                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2395                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2396                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2397                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2398                                 goto finish;
2399                         }
2400
2401                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2402                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2403                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2404                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2405                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2406                                 goto finish;
2407                         }
2408
2409                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2410                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2411                                 ret = -EIO;
2412                                 goto finish;
2413                         }
2414                 }
2415
2416                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2417                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2418                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2419                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2420                         ret = -EIO;
2421                         goto finish;
2422                 }
2423
2424                 if ((r = show_one(bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2425                         ret = r;
2426
2427                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2428                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2429                 m = reply = NULL;
2430         }
2431
2432 finish:
2433         if (m)
2434                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2435
2436         if (reply)
2437                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2438
2439         dbus_error_free(&error);
2440
2441         return ret;
2442 }
2443
2444 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2445         DBusError error;
2446         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2447
2448         assert(connection);
2449         assert(message);
2450
2451         dbus_error_init(&error);
2452
2453         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2454                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2455                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2456                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2457
2458         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2459                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2460                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2461
2462         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2463                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2464                 const char *id, *path;
2465
2466                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2467                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2468                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2469                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2470                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2471                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2472                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2473                 else
2474                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2475
2476         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2477                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2478                 uint32_t id;
2479                 const char *path;
2480
2481                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2482                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2483                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2484                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2485                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2486                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2487                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2488                 else
2489                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2490
2491
2492         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2493
2494                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2495                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2496
2497                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2498
2499                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2500                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2501                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2502                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2503                         goto finish;
2504                 }
2505
2506                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2507                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2508                         goto finish;
2509
2510                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2511                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2512                               path,
2513                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2514                               "Get"))) {
2515                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2516                         goto oom;
2517                 }
2518
2519                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2520                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2521                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2522                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2523                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2524                         goto finish;
2525                 }
2526
2527                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2528                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2529                         goto finish;
2530                 }
2531
2532                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2533                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2534                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2535                         goto finish;
2536                 }
2537
2538                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2539
2540                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2541                         const char *id;
2542
2543                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2544                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2545                                 goto finish;
2546                         }
2547
2548                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2549                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2550                 } else {
2551                         uint32_t id;
2552
2553                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2554                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2555                                 goto finish;
2556                         }
2557
2558                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2559                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2560                 }
2561         }
2562
2563 finish:
2564         if (m)
2565                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2566
2567         if (reply)
2568                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2569
2570         dbus_error_free(&error);
2571         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2572
2573 oom:
2574         if (m)
2575                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2576
2577         if (reply)
2578                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2579
2580         dbus_error_free(&error);
2581         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2582 }
2583
2584 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2585         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2586         DBusError error;
2587         int r;
2588
2589         dbus_error_init(&error);
2590
2591         if (!private_bus) {
2592                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2593                                    "type='signal',"
2594                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2595                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2596                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2597                                    &error);
2598
2599                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2600                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2601                         r = -EIO;
2602                         goto finish;
2603                 }
2604
2605                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2606                                    "type='signal',"
2607                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2608                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2609                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2610                                    &error);
2611
2612                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2613                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2614                         r = -EIO;
2615                         goto finish;
2616                 }
2617         }
2618
2619         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2620                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2621                 r = -ENOMEM;
2622                 goto finish;
2623         }
2624
2625         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2626                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2627                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2628                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2629                               "Subscribe"))) {
2630                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2631                 r = -ENOMEM;
2632                 goto finish;
2633         }
2634
2635         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2636                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2637                 r = -EIO;
2638                 goto finish;
2639         }
2640
2641         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2642                 ;
2643
2644         r = 0;
2645
2646 finish:
2647
2648         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2649
2650         if (m)
2651                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2652
2653         if (reply)
2654                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2655
2656         dbus_error_free(&error);
2657
2658         return r;
2659 }
2660
2661 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2662         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2663         DBusError error;
2664         int r;
2665         const char *text;
2666
2667         dbus_error_init(&error);
2668
2669         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2670                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2671                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2672                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2673                               "Dump"))) {
2674                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2675                 return -ENOMEM;
2676         }
2677
2678         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2679                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2680                 r = -EIO;
2681                 goto finish;
2682         }
2683
2684         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2685                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2686                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2687                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2688                 r = -EIO;
2689                 goto finish;
2690         }
2691
2692         fputs(text, stdout);
2693
2694         r = 0;
2695
2696 finish:
2697         if (m)
2698                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2699
2700         if (reply)
2701                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2702
2703         dbus_error_free(&error);
2704
2705         return r;
2706 }
2707
2708 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2709         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2710         DBusError error;
2711         int r;
2712         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2713         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2714         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2715         const char
2716                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2717                 *property = "Id";
2718
2719         dbus_error_init(&error);
2720
2721         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2722                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2723                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2724                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2725                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2726                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2727                 return -ENOMEM;
2728         }
2729
2730         if (n > 1)
2731                 name = args[1];
2732
2733         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2734                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2735                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2736                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2737                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2738                 r = -ENOMEM;
2739                 goto finish;
2740         }
2741
2742         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2743                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2744                 r = -EIO;
2745                 goto finish;
2746         }
2747
2748         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2749                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2750                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2751                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2752                 r = -EIO;
2753                 goto finish;
2754         }
2755
2756         dbus_message_unref(m);
2757         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2758                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2759                               path,
2760                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2761                               "Get"))) {
2762                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2763                 return -ENOMEM;
2764         }
2765
2766         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2767                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2768                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2769                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2770                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2771                 r = -ENOMEM;
2772                 goto finish;
2773         }
2774
2775         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2776         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2777                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2778                 r = -EIO;
2779                 goto finish;
2780         }
2781
2782         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2783             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2784                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2785                 r = -EIO;
2786                 goto finish;
2787         }
2788
2789         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2790
2791         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2792                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2793                 r = -EIO;
2794                 goto finish;
2795         }
2796
2797         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2798
2799         if (!arg_quiet)
2800                 puts(id);
2801         r = 0;
2802
2803 finish:
2804         if (m)
2805                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2806
2807         if (reply)
2808                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2809
2810         dbus_error_free(&error);
2811
2812         return r;
2813 }
2814
2815 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2816         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2817         int r;
2818         DBusError error;
2819         unsigned i;
2820
2821         assert(bus);
2822         assert(args);
2823
2824         dbus_error_init(&error);
2825
2826         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2827                 const char *path = NULL;
2828
2829                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2830                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2831                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2832                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2833                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2834                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2835                         r = -ENOMEM;
2836                         goto finish;
2837                 }
2838
2839                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2840                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2841                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2842                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2843                         r = -ENOMEM;
2844                         goto finish;
2845                 }
2846
2847                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2848                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2849                         r = -EIO;
2850                         goto finish;
2851                 }
2852
2853                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2854                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2855                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2856                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2857                         r = -EIO;
2858                         goto finish;
2859                 }
2860
2861                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2862                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2863                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2864                                       path,
2865                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
2866                                       "Remove"))) {
2867                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2868                         r = -ENOMEM;
2869                         goto finish;
2870                 }
2871
2872                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2873                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2874                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2875                         r = -EIO;
2876                         goto finish;
2877                 }
2878
2879                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2880                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2881                 m = reply = NULL;
2882         }
2883
2884         r = 0;
2885
2886 finish:
2887         if (m)
2888                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2889
2890         if (reply)
2891                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2892
2893         dbus_error_free(&error);
2894
2895         return r;
2896 }
2897
2898 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2899         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2900         DBusError error;
2901         int r;
2902         const char *method;
2903
2904         dbus_error_init(&error);
2905
2906         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
2907                 method = "Reload";
2908         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
2909                 method = "Reexecute";
2910         else {
2911                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
2912
2913                 method =
2914                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")        ||
2915                         streq(args[0], "cancel")            ? "ClearJobs" :
2916                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec")     ? "Reexecute" :
2917                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")      ? "ResetFailed" :
2918                         streq(args[0], "daemon-exit")       ? "Exit" :
2919                                                               "Reload";
2920         }
2921
2922         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2923                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2924                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2925                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2926                               method))) {
2927                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2928                 return -ENOMEM;
2929         }
2930
2931         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2932
2933                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
2934                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
2935                          * legacy actions. */
2936                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
2937                         goto finish;
2938                 }
2939
2940                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2941                 r = -EIO;
2942                 goto finish;
2943         }
2944
2945         r = 0;
2946
2947 finish:
2948         if (m)
2949                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2950
2951         if (reply)
2952                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2953
2954         dbus_error_free(&error);
2955
2956         return r;
2957 }
2958
2959 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2960         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2961         unsigned i;
2962         int r;
2963         DBusError error;
2964
2965         assert(bus);
2966         dbus_error_init(&error);
2967
2968         if (n <= 1)
2969                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
2970
2971         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2972
2973                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2974                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2975                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2976                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2977                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
2978                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2979                         r = -ENOMEM;
2980                         goto finish;
2981                 }
2982
2983                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2984                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
2985                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2986                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2987                         r = -ENOMEM;
2988                         goto finish;
2989                 }
2990
2991                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2992                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2993                         r = -EIO;
2994                         goto finish;
2995                 }
2996
2997                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2998                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2999                 m = reply = NULL;
3000         }
3001
3002         r = 0;
3003
3004 finish:
3005         if (m)
3006                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3007
3008         if (reply)
3009                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3010
3011         dbus_error_free(&error);
3012
3013         return r;
3014 }
3015
3016 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3017         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3018         DBusError error;
3019         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3020         int r;
3021         const char
3022                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3023                 *property = "Environment";
3024
3025         dbus_error_init(&error);
3026
3027         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3028                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3029                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3030                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3031                               "Get"))) {
3032                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3033                 return -ENOMEM;
3034         }
3035
3036         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3037                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3038                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3039                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3040                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3041                 r = -ENOMEM;
3042                 goto finish;
3043         }
3044
3045         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3046                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3047                 r = -EIO;
3048                 goto finish;
3049         }
3050
3051         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3052             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3053                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3054                 r = -EIO;
3055                 goto finish;
3056         }
3057
3058         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3059
3060         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3061             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3062                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3063                 r = -EIO;
3064                 goto finish;
3065         }
3066
3067         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3068
3069         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3070                 const char *text;
3071
3072                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3073                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3074                         r = -EIO;
3075                         goto finish;
3076                 }
3077
3078                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3079                 printf("%s\n", text);
3080
3081                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3082         }
3083
3084         r = 0;
3085
3086 finish:
3087         if (m)
3088                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3089
3090         if (reply)
3091                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3092
3093         dbus_error_free(&error);
3094
3095         return r;
3096 }
3097
3098 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3099         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3100         DBusError error;
3101         int r;
3102         const char *method;
3103         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3104         unsigned i;
3105
3106         dbus_error_init(&error);
3107
3108         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3109                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3110                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3111
3112         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3113                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3114                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3115                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3116                               method))) {
3117
3118                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3119                 return -ENOMEM;
3120         }
3121
3122         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3123
3124         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3125                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3126                 r = -ENOMEM;
3127                 goto finish;
3128         }
3129
3130         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3131                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3132                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3133                         r = -ENOMEM;
3134                         goto finish;
3135                 }
3136
3137         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3138                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3139                 r = -ENOMEM;
3140                 goto finish;
3141         }
3142
3143         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3144                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3145                 r = -EIO;
3146                 goto finish;
3147         }
3148
3149         r = 0;
3150
3151 finish:
3152         if (m)
3153                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3154
3155         if (reply)
3156                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3157
3158         dbus_error_free(&error);
3159
3160         return r;
3161 }
3162
3163 typedef struct {
3164         char *name;
3165         char *path;
3166
3167         char **aliases;
3168         char **wanted_by;
3169 } InstallInfo;
3170
3171 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3172 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3173
3174 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3175         assert(i);
3176
3177         free(i->name);
3178         free(i->path);
3179         strv_free(i->aliases);
3180         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3181         free(i);
3182 }
3183
3184 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3185         InstallInfo *i;
3186
3187         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3188                 install_info_free(i);
3189
3190         hashmap_free(m);
3191 }
3192
3193 static bool unit_name_valid(const char *name) {
3194
3195         /* This is a minimal version of unit_name_valid() from
3196          * unit-name.c */
3197
3198         if (!*name)
3199                 return false;
3200
3201         if (ignore_file(name))
3202                 return false;
3203
3204         return true;
3205 }
3206
3207 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3208         InstallInfo *i;
3209         int r;
3210
3211         assert(will_install);
3212
3213         if (!unit_name_valid(name))
3214                 return -EINVAL;
3215
3216         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3217             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3218                 return 0;
3219
3220         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3221                 r = -ENOMEM;
3222                 goto fail;
3223         }
3224
3225         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3226                 r = -ENOMEM;
3227                 goto fail;
3228         }
3229
3230         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3231                 goto fail;
3232
3233         return 0;
3234
3235 fail:
3236         if (i)
3237                 install_info_free(i);
3238
3239         return r;
3240 }
3241
3242 static int config_parse_also(
3243                 const char *filename,
3244                 unsigned line,
3245                 const char *section,
3246                 const char *lvalue,
3247                 const char *rvalue,
3248                 void *data,
3249                 void *userdata) {
3250
3251         char *w;
3252         size_t l;
3253         char *state;
3254
3255         assert(filename);
3256         assert(lvalue);
3257         assert(rvalue);
3258
3259         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3260                 char *n;
3261                 int r;
3262
3263                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3264                         return -ENOMEM;
3265
3266                 r = install_info_add(n);
3267                 free(n);
3268
3269                 if (r < 0)
3270                         return r;
3271         }
3272
3273         return 0;
3274 }
3275
3276 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3277         char *n;
3278         int r;
3279
3280         assert(p);
3281         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3282
3283         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3284                 return 0;
3285
3286         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3287                 return -ENOMEM;
3288
3289         path_kill_slashes(n);
3290
3291         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3292                 free(n);
3293                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3294         }
3295
3296         return 0;
3297 }
3298
3299 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3300         int r = 0;
3301         DIR *d;
3302         struct dirent *de;
3303
3304         assert(fd >= 0);
3305         assert(root);
3306         assert(deleted);
3307
3308         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3309                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3310                 return -errno;
3311         }
3312
3313         rewinddir(d);
3314
3315         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3316                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3317
3318                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3319                         continue;
3320
3321                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3322                         is_link = true;
3323                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3324                         is_dir = true;
3325                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3326                         struct stat st;
3327
3328                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3329                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3330
3331                                 if (r == 0)
3332                                         r = -errno;
3333                                 continue;
3334                         }
3335
3336                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3337                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3338                 } else
3339                         continue;
3340
3341                 if (is_dir) {
3342                         int nfd, q;
3343                         char *p;
3344
3345                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3346                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3347
3348                                 if (r == 0)
3349                                         r = -errno;
3350                                 continue;
3351                         }
3352
3353                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3354                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3355                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3356                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3357                                 break;
3358                         }
3359
3360                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3361                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3362                         free(p);
3363
3364                         if (r == 0)
3365                                 r = q;
3366
3367                 } else if (is_link) {
3368                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3369                         int q;
3370
3371                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3372                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3373                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3374                                 break;
3375                         }
3376
3377                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3378                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3379                                 free(p);
3380
3381                                 if (r == 0)
3382                                         r = q;
3383                                 continue;
3384                         }
3385
3386                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3387                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3388                                  * is already removed */
3389
3390                                 free(dest);
3391                                 dest = c;
3392                         }
3393
3394                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3395                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3396
3397                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3398                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3399
3400                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3401                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3402
3403                                         if (r == 0)
3404                                                 r = -errno;
3405                                 } else {
3406                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3407                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3408
3409                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3410
3411                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3412                                                         if (r == 0)
3413                                                                 r = q;
3414                                                 } else
3415                                                         *deleted = true;
3416                                         }
3417                                 }
3418                         }
3419
3420                         free(p);
3421                         free(dest);
3422                 }
3423         }
3424
3425         closedir(d);
3426
3427         return r;
3428 }
3429
3430 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3431         int fd, r = 0;
3432         bool deleted;
3433
3434         assert(config_path);
3435
3436         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3437                 return 0;
3438
3439         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3440                 return -errno;
3441
3442         do {
3443                 int q, cfd;
3444                 deleted = false;
3445
3446                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3447                         r = -errno;
3448                         break;
3449                 }
3450
3451                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3452                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3453                         if (r == 0)
3454                                 r = q;
3455                 }
3456         } while (deleted);
3457
3458         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3459
3460         return r;
3461 }
3462
3463 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3464         int r;
3465
3466         assert(old_path);
3467         assert(new_path);
3468         assert(verb);
3469
3470         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3471                 char *dest;
3472
3473                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3474
3475                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3476
3477                         if (!arg_quiet)
3478                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3479
3480                         return 0;
3481                 }
3482
3483                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3484                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3485                         return -errno;
3486                 }
3487
3488                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3489
3490                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3491                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3492                                 return -EEXIST;
3493                         }
3494
3495                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3496                         return r;
3497                 }
3498
3499                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3500                         free(dest);
3501                         return 0;
3502                 }
3503
3504                 if (!arg_force) {
3505                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3506                         free(dest);
3507                         return -EEXIST;
3508                 }
3509
3510                 free(dest);
3511                 unlink(new_path);
3512
3513                 if (!arg_quiet)
3514                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3515
3516                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3517                         return 0;
3518
3519                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3520                 return -errno;
3521
3522         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3523                 char *dest;
3524
3525                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3526                         return r;
3527
3528                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3529                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3530                                 return 0;
3531
3532                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3533                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3534                                 return 0;
3535                         }
3536
3537                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3538                         return r;
3539                 }
3540
3541                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3542                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3543                         free(dest);
3544                         return 0;
3545                 }
3546
3547                 free(dest);
3548
3549                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3550                         return r;
3551
3552                 if (!arg_quiet)
3553                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3554
3555                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3556                         return 0;
3557
3558                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3559                 return -errno;
3560
3561         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3562                 char *dest;
3563
3564                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3565
3566                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3567                                 return 0;
3568
3569                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3570                         return r;
3571                 }
3572
3573                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3574                         free(dest);
3575                         return 1;
3576                 }
3577
3578                 return 0;
3579         }
3580
3581         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3582 }
3583
3584 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3585         char **s;
3586         char *alias_path = NULL;
3587         int r;
3588
3589         assert(verb);
3590         assert(i);
3591         assert(config_path);
3592
3593         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3594
3595                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3596                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3597                         r = -EINVAL;
3598                         goto finish;
3599                 }
3600
3601                 free(alias_path);
3602                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3603                         log_error("Out of memory");
3604                         r = -ENOMEM;
3605                         goto finish;
3606                 }
3607
3608                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3609                         goto finish;
3610
3611                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3612                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3613         }
3614
3615         r = 0;
3616
3617 finish:
3618         free(alias_path);
3619
3620         return r;
3621 }
3622
3623 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3624         char **s;
3625         char *alias_path = NULL;
3626         int r;
3627
3628         assert(verb);
3629         assert(i);
3630         assert(config_path);
3631
3632         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3633                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3634                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3635                         r = -EINVAL;
3636                         goto finish;
3637                 }
3638
3639                 free(alias_path);
3640                 alias_path = NULL;
3641
3642                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3643                         log_error("Out of memory");
3644                         r = -ENOMEM;
3645                         goto finish;
3646                 }
3647
3648                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3649                         goto finish;
3650
3651                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3652                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3653         }
3654
3655         r = 0;
3656
3657 finish:
3658         free(alias_path);
3659
3660         return r;
3661 }
3662
3663 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3664
3665         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3666                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3667                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3668                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3669
3670                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3671         };
3672
3673         char **p;
3674         char *filename = NULL;
3675         FILE *f = NULL;
3676         int r;
3677
3678         assert(paths);
3679         assert(i);
3680
3681         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3682                 int fd;
3683
3684                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3685                         log_error("Out of memory");
3686                         return -ENOMEM;
3687                 }
3688
3689                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3690                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3691                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3692                                 break;
3693
3694                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3695                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3696                         free(filename);
3697                         return -errno;
3698                 }
3699
3700                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3701                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3702                         free(filename);
3703                         return -errno;
3704                 }
3705
3706                 free(filename);
3707                 filename = NULL;
3708         }
3709
3710         if (!f) {
3711                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3712                 return -ENOENT;
3713         }
3714
3715         i->path = filename;
3716
3717         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3718                 fclose(f);
3719                 return r;
3720         }
3721
3722         fclose(f);
3723
3724         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3725                 return r;
3726
3727         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3728                 return r;
3729
3730         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3731                 return r;
3732
3733         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3734                 return r;
3735
3736         return 0;
3737 }
3738
3739 static char *get_config_path(void) {
3740
3741         if (arg_session && arg_global)
3742                 return strdup(SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3743
3744         if (arg_session) {
3745                 char *p;
3746
3747                 if (session_config_home(&p) < 0)
3748                         return NULL;
3749
3750                 return p;
3751         }
3752
3753         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3754 }
3755
3756 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3757         DBusError error;
3758         int r;
3759         LookupPaths paths;
3760         char *config_path = NULL;
3761         unsigned j;
3762         InstallInfo *i;
3763         const char *verb = args[0];
3764
3765         dbus_error_init(&error);
3766
3767         zero(paths);
3768         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_session ? MANAGER_SESSION : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
3769                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
3770                 goto finish;
3771         }
3772
3773         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
3774                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
3775                 r = -ENOMEM;
3776                 goto finish;
3777         }
3778
3779         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3780         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3781
3782         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
3783                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
3784                 r = -ENOMEM;
3785                 goto finish;
3786         }
3787
3788         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
3789                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
3790                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
3791                         r = -ENOMEM;
3792                         goto finish;
3793                 }
3794
3795         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
3796                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0)
3797                         goto finish;
3798
3799         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
3800                 int q;
3801
3802                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
3803
3804                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
3805
3806                         if (q < 0) {
3807                                 if (r == 0)
3808                                         r = q;
3809                                 goto finish;
3810                         }
3811
3812                         /* In test mode and found something */
3813                         r = 1;
3814                         break;
3815                 }
3816         }
3817
3818         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3819                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
3820         else if (bus &&
3821                  /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
3822                  !arg_no_reload &&
3823                  /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
3824                  !arg_global &&
3825                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
3826                  (arg_session || sd_booted() > 0) &&
3827                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
3828                  (arg_session || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
3829                 int q;
3830
3831                 if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
3832                         r = q;
3833         }
3834
3835 finish:
3836         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
3837         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
3838
3839         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
3840
3841         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3842
3843         free(config_path);
3844
3845         return r;
3846 }
3847
3848 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3849
3850         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3851                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
3852                "  -h --help          Show this help\n"
3853                "     --version       Show package version\n"
3854                "  -t --type=TYPE     List only units of a particular type\n"
3855                "  -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"
3856                "  -a --all           Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3857                "     --full          Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3858                "     --fail          When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3859                "                     pending\n"
3860                "  -q --quiet         Suppress output\n"
3861                "     --no-block      Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3862                "     --system        Connect to system bus\n"
3863                "     --session       Connect to session bus\n"
3864                "     --order         When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3865                "     --require       When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3866                "     --no-wall       Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3867                "     --global        Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3868                "     --no-reload     When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3869                "                     configuration\n"
3870                "     --force         When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3871                "     --defaults      When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
3872                "Commands:\n"
3873                "  list-units                      List units\n"
3874                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3875                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3876                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3877                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3878                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3879                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3880                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3881                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3882                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3883                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3884                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3885                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3886                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3887                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3888                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
3889                "                                  units\n"
3890                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3891                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3892                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
3893                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
3894                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3895                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
3896                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
3897                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3898                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
3899                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3900                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
3901                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3902                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
3903                "  daemon-exit                     Ask the systemd manager to quit\n"
3904                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3905                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3906                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
3907                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3908                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3909                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3910                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3911                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3912                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n",
3913                program_invocation_short_name);
3914
3915         return 0;
3916 }
3917
3918 static int halt_help(void) {
3919
3920         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3921                "%s the system.\n\n"
3922                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3923                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3924                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
3925                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3926                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3927                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
3928                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
3929                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3930                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3931                program_invocation_short_name,
3932                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
3933                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
3934                                                "Halt");
3935
3936         return 0;
3937 }
3938
3939 static int shutdown_help(void) {
3940
3941         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
3942                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
3943                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3944                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3945                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
3946                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3947                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
3948                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
3949                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3950                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
3951                program_invocation_short_name);
3952
3953         return 0;
3954 }
3955
3956 static int telinit_help(void) {
3957
3958         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
3959                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
3960                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3961                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
3962                "Commands:\n"
3963                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
3964                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
3965                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
3966                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
3967                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
3968                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
3969                program_invocation_short_name);
3970
3971         return 0;
3972 }
3973
3974 static int runlevel_help(void) {
3975
3976         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3977                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
3978                "     --help      Show this help\n",
3979                program_invocation_short_name);
3980
3981         return 0;
3982 }
3983
3984 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
3985
3986         enum {
3987                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
3988                 ARG_VERSION,
3989                 ARG_SESSION,
3990                 ARG_SYSTEM,
3991                 ARG_GLOBAL,
3992                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
3993                 ARG_NO_WALL,
3994                 ARG_ORDER,
3995                 ARG_REQUIRE,
3996                 ARG_FULL,
3997                 ARG_FORCE,
3998                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
3999                 ARG_DEFAULTS
4000         };
4001
4002         static const struct option options[] = {
4003                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4004                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4005                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4006                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4007                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4008                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4009                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4010                 { "session",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SESSION   },
4011                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4012                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4013                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4014                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4015                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4016                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4017                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4018                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4019                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4020                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4021                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4022         };
4023
4024         int c;
4025
4026         assert(argc >= 0);
4027         assert(argv);
4028
4029         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aq", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4030
4031                 switch (c) {
4032
4033                 case 'h':
4034                         systemctl_help();
4035                         return 0;
4036
4037                 case ARG_VERSION:
4038                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4039                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4040                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4041                         return 0;
4042
4043                 case 't':
4044                         arg_type = optarg;
4045                         break;
4046
4047                 case 'p': {
4048                         char **l;
4049
4050                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4051                                 return -ENOMEM;
4052
4053                         strv_free(arg_property);
4054                         arg_property = l;
4055
4056                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4057                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4058                          * empty. */
4059                         arg_all = true;
4060                         break;
4061                 }
4062
4063                 case 'a':
4064                         arg_all = true;
4065                         break;
4066
4067                 case ARG_FAIL:
4068                         arg_fail = true;
4069                         break;
4070
4071                 case ARG_SESSION:
4072                         arg_session = true;
4073                         break;
4074
4075                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4076                         arg_session = false;
4077                         break;
4078
4079                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4080                         arg_no_block = true;
4081                         break;
4082
4083                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4084                         arg_no_wall = true;
4085                         break;
4086
4087                 case ARG_ORDER:
4088                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4089                         break;
4090
4091                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4092                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4093                         break;
4094
4095                 case ARG_FULL:
4096                         arg_full = true;
4097                         break;
4098
4099                 case 'q':
4100                         arg_quiet = true;
4101                         break;
4102
4103                 case ARG_FORCE:
4104                         arg_force = true;
4105                         break;
4106
4107                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4108                         arg_no_reload = true;
4109                         break;
4110
4111                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4112                         arg_global = true;
4113                         arg_session = true;
4114                         break;
4115
4116                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4117                         arg_defaults = true;
4118                         break;
4119
4120                 case '?':
4121                         return -EINVAL;
4122
4123                 default:
4124                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4125                         return -EINVAL;
4126                 }
4127         }
4128
4129         return 1;
4130 }
4131
4132 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4133
4134         enum {
4135                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4136                 ARG_HALT,
4137                 ARG_REBOOT,
4138                 ARG_NO_WALL
4139         };
4140
4141         static const struct option options[] = {
4142                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4143                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4144                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4145                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4146                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4147                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4148                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4149                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4150                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4151                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4152         };
4153
4154         int c, runlevel;
4155
4156         assert(argc >= 0);
4157         assert(argv);
4158
4159         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4160                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4161                         arg_immediate = true;
4162
4163         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4164                 switch (c) {
4165
4166                 case ARG_HELP:
4167                         halt_help();
4168                         return 0;
4169
4170                 case ARG_HALT:
4171                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4172                         break;
4173
4174                 case 'p':
4175                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4176                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4177                         break;
4178
4179                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4180                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4181                         break;
4182
4183                 case 'f':
4184                         arg_immediate = true;
4185                         break;
4186
4187                 case 'w':
4188                         arg_dry = true;
4189                         break;
4190
4191                 case 'd':
4192                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4193                         break;
4194
4195                 case 'n':
4196                         arg_no_sync = true;
4197                         break;
4198
4199                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4200                         arg_no_wall = true;
4201                         break;
4202
4203                 case 'i':
4204                 case 'h':
4205                         /* Compatibility nops */
4206                         break;
4207
4208                 case '?':
4209                         return -EINVAL;
4210
4211                 default:
4212                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4213                         return -EINVAL;
4214                 }
4215         }
4216
4217         if (optind < argc) {
4218                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4219                 return -EINVAL;
4220         }
4221
4222         return 1;
4223 }
4224
4225 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4226         assert(t);
4227         assert(_u);
4228
4229         if (streq(t, "now"))
4230                 *_u = 0;
4231         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4232                 uint64_t u;
4233
4234                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4235                         return -EINVAL;
4236
4237                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4238         } else {
4239                 char *e = NULL;
4240                 long hour, minute;
4241                 struct tm tm;
4242                 time_t s;
4243                 usec_t n;
4244
4245                 errno = 0;
4246                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4247                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4248                         return -EINVAL;
4249
4250                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4251                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4252                         return -EINVAL;
4253
4254                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4255                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4256
4257                 zero(tm);
4258                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4259
4260                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4261                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4262                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4263
4264                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4265
4266                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4267
4268                 while (*_u <= n)
4269                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4270         }
4271
4272         return 0;
4273 }
4274
4275 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4276
4277         enum {
4278                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4279                 ARG_NO_WALL
4280         };
4281
4282         static const struct option options[] = {
4283                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4284                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4285                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4286                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4287                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4288                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4289         };
4290
4291         int c, r;
4292
4293         assert(argc >= 0);
4294         assert(argv);
4295
4296         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4297                 switch (c) {
4298
4299                 case ARG_HELP:
4300                         shutdown_help();
4301                         return 0;
4302
4303                 case 'H':
4304                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4305                         break;
4306
4307                 case 'P':
4308                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4309                         break;
4310
4311                 case 'r':
4312                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4313                         break;
4314
4315                 case 'h':
4316                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4317                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4318                         break;
4319
4320                 case 'k':
4321                         arg_dry = true;
4322                         break;
4323
4324                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4325                         arg_no_wall = true;
4326                         break;
4327
4328                 case 't':
4329                 case 'a':
4330                         /* Compatibility nops */
4331                         break;
4332
4333                 case 'c':
4334                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4335                         break;
4336
4337                 case '?':
4338                         return -EINVAL;
4339
4340                 default:
4341                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4342                         return -EINVAL;
4343                 }
4344         }
4345
4346         if (argc > optind) {
4347                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4348                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4349                         return r;
4350                 }
4351         } else
4352                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4353
4354         /* We skip the time argument */
4355         if (argc > optind + 1)
4356                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4357
4358         optind = argc;
4359
4360         return 1;
4361 }
4362
4363 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4364
4365         enum {
4366                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4367                 ARG_NO_WALL
4368         };
4369
4370         static const struct option options[] = {
4371                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4372                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4373                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4374         };
4375
4376         static const struct {
4377                 char from;
4378                 enum action to;
4379         } table[] = {
4380                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4381                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4382                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4383                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4384                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4385                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4386                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4387                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4388                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4389                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4390                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4391                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4392                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4393         };
4394
4395         unsigned i;
4396         int c;
4397
4398         assert(argc >= 0);
4399         assert(argv);
4400
4401         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4402                 switch (c) {
4403
4404                 case ARG_HELP:
4405                         telinit_help();
4406                         return 0;
4407
4408                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4409                         arg_no_wall = true;
4410                         break;
4411
4412                 case '?':
4413                         return -EINVAL;
4414
4415                 default:
4416                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4417                         return -EINVAL;
4418                 }
4419         }
4420
4421         if (optind >= argc) {
4422                 telinit_help();
4423                 return -EINVAL;
4424         }
4425
4426         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4427                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4428                 return -EINVAL;
4429         }
4430
4431         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4432                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4433                 return -EINVAL;
4434         }
4435
4436         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4437                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4438                         break;
4439
4440         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4441                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4442                 return -EINVAL;
4443         }
4444
4445         arg_action = table[i].to;
4446
4447         optind ++;
4448
4449         return 1;
4450 }
4451
4452 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4453
4454         enum {
4455                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4456         };
4457
4458         static const struct option options[] = {
4459                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4460                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4461         };
4462
4463         int c;
4464
4465         assert(argc >= 0);
4466         assert(argv);
4467
4468         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4469                 switch (c) {
4470
4471                 case ARG_HELP:
4472                         runlevel_help();
4473                         return 0;
4474
4475                 case '?':
4476                         return -EINVAL;
4477
4478                 default:
4479                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4480                         return -EINVAL;
4481                 }
4482         }
4483
4484         if (optind < argc) {
4485                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4486                 return -EINVAL;
4487         }
4488
4489         return 1;
4490 }
4491
4492 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4493         assert(argc >= 0);
4494         assert(argv);
4495
4496         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4497
4498                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4499                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4500                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4501                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4502                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4503                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4504                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4505                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4506                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4507                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4508                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4509                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4510                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4511
4512                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4513                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4514                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4515                         } else {
4516                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4517                                  * running, we need to forward this
4518                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4519                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4520
4521                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4522
4523                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4524                                 return -EIO;
4525                         }
4526
4527                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4528                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4529                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4530                 }
4531         }
4532
4533         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4534         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4535 }
4536
4537 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4538
4539         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4540                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4541                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4542                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4543                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4544                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4545                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4546                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4547                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4548         };
4549
4550         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4551
4552         return table[arg_action];
4553 }
4554
4555 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4556         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4557         DBusError error;
4558         int previous, rl, r;
4559         char
4560                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4561                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4562         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4563         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4564         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4565         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4566         DBusConnection *bus;
4567
4568         dbus_error_init(&error);
4569
4570         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4571                 return 0;
4572
4573         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4574                 previous = 'N';
4575
4576         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4577                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4578                         r = 0;
4579                         goto finish;
4580                 }
4581
4582                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4583                 r = -EIO;
4584                 goto finish;
4585         }
4586
4587         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4588                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4589                 goto finish;
4590         }
4591
4592         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4593                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4594                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4595                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4596                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4597
4598                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4599                 r = -ENOMEM;
4600                 goto finish;
4601         }
4602
4603         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4604
4605         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4606         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4607
4608         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4609             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4610             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4611             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4612             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4613             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4614                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4615                 r = -ENOMEM;
4616                 goto finish;
4617         }
4618
4619         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4620
4621                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4622                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4623                         goto finish;
4624                 }
4625
4626                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4627                 r = -EIO;
4628                 goto finish;
4629         }
4630
4631         r = 0;
4632
4633 finish:
4634         if (m)
4635                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4636
4637         if (reply)
4638                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4639
4640         if (bus) {
4641                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4642                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4643                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4644         }
4645
4646         dbus_error_free(&error);
4647
4648         return r;
4649 }
4650
4651 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4652         struct init_request request;
4653         int r, fd;
4654         char rl;
4655
4656         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4657                 return 0;
4658
4659         zero(request);
4660         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4661         request.sleeptime = 0;
4662         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4663         request.runlevel = rl;
4664
4665         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4666
4667                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4668                         return 0;
4669
4670                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4671                 return -errno;
4672         }
4673
4674         errno = 0;
4675         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4676         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4677
4678         if (r < 0) {
4679                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4680                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4681         }
4682
4683         return 1;
4684 }
4685
4686 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4687
4688         static const struct {
4689                 const char* verb;
4690                 const enum {
4691                         MORE,
4692                         LESS,
4693                         EQUAL
4694                 } argc_cmp;
4695                 const int argc;
4696                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
4697         } verbs[] = {
4698                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4699                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4700                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4701                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4702                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4703                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4704                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4705                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4706                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4707                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4708                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4709                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4710                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4711                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4712                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4713                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4714                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4715                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4716                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4717                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
4718                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4719                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4720                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4721                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4722                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4723                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4724                 { "daemon-exit",           EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4725                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4726                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4727                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4728                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4729                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4730                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4731                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4732                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4733                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4734                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
4735                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4736                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4737                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4738         };
4739
4740         int left;
4741         unsigned i;
4742
4743         assert(argc >= 0);
4744         assert(argv);
4745         assert(error);
4746
4747         left = argc - optind;
4748
4749         if (left <= 0)
4750                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4751                 i = 0;
4752         else {
4753                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4754                         systemctl_help();
4755                         return 0;
4756                 }
4757
4758                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4759                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4760                                 break;
4761
4762                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4763                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4764                         return -EINVAL;
4765                 }
4766         }
4767
4768         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4769
4770         case EQUAL:
4771                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4772                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4773                         return -EINVAL;
4774                 }
4775
4776                 break;
4777
4778         case MORE:
4779                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4780                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4781                         return -EINVAL;
4782                 }
4783
4784                 break;
4785
4786         case LESS:
4787                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4788                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4789                         return -EINVAL;
4790                 }
4791
4792                 break;
4793
4794         default:
4795                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4796         }
4797
4798         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4799          * enable/disable */
4800         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4801             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4802             !bus) {
4803                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
4804                 return -EIO;
4805         }
4806
4807         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
4808 }
4809
4810 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
4811         int fd = -1;
4812         struct msghdr msghdr;
4813         struct iovec iovec;
4814         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
4815         struct shutdownd_command c;
4816
4817         zero(c);
4818         c.elapse = t;
4819         c.mode = mode;
4820         c.warn_wall = warn;
4821
4822         if (message)
4823                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
4824
4825         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
4826                 return -errno;
4827
4828         zero(sockaddr);
4829         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
4830         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
4831         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
4832
4833         zero(iovec);
4834         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
4835         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
4836
4837         zero(msghdr);
4838         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
4839         msghdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(sa_family_t) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
4840
4841         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
4842         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
4843
4844         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
4845                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4846                 return -errno;
4847         }
4848
4849         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4850         return 0;
4851 }
4852
4853 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4854
4855         if (bus) {
4856                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4857                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4858                         return 0;
4859         }
4860
4861         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
4862         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
4863
4864         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
4865                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
4866                 return -errno;
4867         }
4868
4869         return 0;
4870 }
4871
4872 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4873
4874         if (bus) {
4875                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4876                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
4877                         goto done;
4878         }
4879
4880         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
4881          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
4882         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
4883                 goto done;
4884
4885         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
4886          * /dev/initctl */
4887         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
4888                 goto done;
4889
4890         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
4891         return -EIO;
4892
4893 done:
4894         warn_wall(arg_action);
4895         return 0;
4896 }
4897
4898 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
4899         int r;
4900
4901         if (geteuid() != 0) {
4902                 log_error("Must be root.");
4903                 return -EPERM;
4904         }
4905
4906         if (arg_when > 0) {
4907                 char *m;
4908                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
4909
4910                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
4911                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
4912                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
4913                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
4914                                                                    'r',
4915                                    !arg_no_wall,
4916                                    m);
4917                 free(m);
4918
4919                 if (r < 0)
4920                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
4921                 else {
4922                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
4923                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
4924                         return 0;
4925                 }
4926         }
4927
4928         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
4929                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
4930
4931         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
4932                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
4933                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
4934                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
4935                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
4936         }
4937
4938         if (!arg_no_sync)
4939                 sync();
4940
4941         if (arg_dry)
4942                 return 0;
4943
4944         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
4945          * point on... */
4946         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
4947
4948         switch (arg_action) {
4949
4950         case ACTION_HALT:
4951                 log_info("Halting.");
4952                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
4953                 break;
4954
4955         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
4956                 log_info("Powering off.");
4957                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
4958                 break;
4959
4960         case ACTION_REBOOT:
4961                 log_info("Rebooting.");
4962                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
4963                 break;
4964
4965         default:
4966                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
4967         }
4968
4969         /* We should never reach this. */
4970         return -ENOSYS;
4971 }
4972
4973 static int runlevel_main(void) {
4974         int r, runlevel, previous;
4975
4976         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
4977                 printf("unknown\n");
4978                 return r;
4979         }
4980
4981         printf("%c %c\n",
4982                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
4983                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
4984
4985         return 0;
4986 }
4987
4988 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
4989         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
4990         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
4991         DBusError error;
4992
4993         dbus_error_init(&error);
4994
4995         log_parse_environment();
4996         log_open();
4997
4998         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
4999                 goto finish;
5000         else if (r == 0) {
5001                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5002                 goto finish;
5003         }
5004
5005         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5006          * let's shortcut this */
5007         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5008                 r = runlevel_main();
5009                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5010                 goto finish;
5011         }
5012
5013         bus_connect(arg_session ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5014
5015         switch (arg_action) {
5016
5017         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5018                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5019                 break;
5020
5021         case ACTION_HALT:
5022         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5023         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5024                 r = halt_main(bus);
5025                 break;
5026
5027         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5028         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5029         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5030         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5031         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5032         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5033         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5034                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5035                 break;
5036
5037         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5038         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5039                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5040                 break;
5041
5042         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5043                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5044                 break;
5045
5046         case ACTION_INVALID:
5047         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5048         default:
5049                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5050         }
5051
5052         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5053
5054 finish:
5055
5056         if (bus) {
5057                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5058                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5059                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5060         }
5061
5062         dbus_error_free(&error);
5063
5064         dbus_shutdown();
5065
5066         strv_free(arg_property);
5067
5068         return retval;
5069 }