src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include "log.h"
  39 #include "util.h"
  40 #include "macro.h"
  41 #include "set.h"
  42 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  43 #include "special.h"
  44 #include "initreq.h"
  45 #include "strv.h"
  46 #include "dbus-common.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  49 #include "list.h"
  50 #include "path-lookup.h"
  51 #include "conf-parser.h"
  52 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  53 #include "shutdownd.h"
  54 #include "exit-status.h"
  55 #include "bus-errors.h"
  56 #include "build.h"
  57 #include "unit-name.h"
  58 #include "pager.h"
  59 #include "spawn-agent.h"
  60 #include "install.h"
  61
  62 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  63 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  64 static bool arg_all = false;
  65 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  66 static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
  67 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_legend = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  71 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  72 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  73 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  74 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  75 static bool arg_dry = false;
  76 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  77 static bool arg_full = false;
  78 static bool arg_force = false;
  79 static bool arg_ask_password = false;
  80 static bool arg_failed = false;
  81 static bool arg_runtime = false;
  82 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  83 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  84 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  85 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  86 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  87 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  88 static enum action {
  89         ACTION_INVALID,
  90         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  91         ACTION_HALT,
  92         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  93         ACTION_REBOOT,
  94         ACTION_KEXEC,
  95         ACTION_EXIT,
  96         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  97         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  98         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  99         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
 100         ACTION_RESCUE,
 101         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 102         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 103         ACTION_RELOAD,
 104         ACTION_REEXEC,
 105         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 106         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 107         _ACTION_MAX
 108 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 109 static enum dot {
 110         DOT_ALL,
 111         DOT_ORDER,
 112         DOT_REQUIRE
 113 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 114 static enum transport {
 115         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 116         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 117         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 118 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 119 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 120
 121 static bool private_bus = false;
 122
 123 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
 124
 125 static bool on_tty(void) {
 126         static int t = -1;
 127
 128         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 129          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 130          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 131          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 132          * when run in our own pager. */
 133
 134         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 135                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 136
 137         return t;
 138 }
 139
 140 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 141
 142         /* Cache result before we open the pager */
 143         on_tty();
 144
 145         if (arg_no_pager)
 146                 return;
 147
 148         pager_open();
 149 }
 150
 151 static void agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 152
 153         /* Open the password agent as a child process if necessary */
 154
 155         if (!arg_ask_password)
 156                 return;
 157
 158         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 159                 return;
 160
 161         agent_open();
 162 }
 163
 164 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 165
 166         if (!on_tty())
 167                 return "";
 168
 169         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 170 }
 171
 172 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 173
 174         if (!on_tty())
 175                 return "";
 176
 177         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 178 }
 179
 180 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 181         assert(error);
 182
 183         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 184                 return false;
 185
 186         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 187                 return true;
 188
 189         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 190                 return true;
 191
 192         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 193 }
 194
 195 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 196         assert(error);
 197
 198         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 199                 return r;
 200
 201         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 202             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 203             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 204             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 205                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 206
 207         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 208                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 209
 210         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 211             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 212                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 213
 214         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 215                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 216
 217         if (r != 0)
 218                 return r;
 219
 220         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 221 }
 222
 223 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 224         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 225                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 226                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 227                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 228                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 229                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 230                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 231         };
 232
 233         if (arg_no_wall)
 234                 return;
 235
 236         if (arg_wall) {
 237                 char *p;
 238
 239                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 240                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 241                         return;
 242                 }
 243
 244                 if (*p) {
 245                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 246                         free(p);
 247                         return;
 248                 }
 249
 250                 free(p);
 251         }
 252
 253         if (!table[action])
 254                 return;
 255
 256         utmp_wall(table[action], NULL);
 257 }
 258
 259 static bool avoid_bus(void) {
 260
 261         if (running_in_chroot() > 0)
 262                 return true;
 263
 264         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
 265                 return true;
 266
 267         if (!isempty(arg_root))
 268                 return true;
 269
 270         if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL)
 271                 return true;
 272
 273         return false;
 274 }
 275
 276 struct unit_info {
 277         const char *id;
 278         const char *description;
 279         const char *load_state;
 280         const char *active_state;
 281         const char *sub_state;
 282         const char *following;
 283         const char *unit_path;
 284         uint32_t job_id;
 285         const char *job_type;
 286         const char *job_path;
 287 };
 288
 289 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 290         const char *d1, *d2;
 291         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 292
 293         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 294         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 295
 296         if (d1 && d2) {
 297                 int r;
 298
 299                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 300                         return r;
 301         }
 302
 303         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 304 }
 305
 306 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 307         const char *dot;
 308
 309         if (arg_failed)
 310                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 311
 312         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 313                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 314                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 315 }
 316
 317 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 318         unsigned id_len, max_id_len, active_len, sub_len, job_len, desc_len, n_shown = 0;
 319         const struct unit_info *u;
 320
 321         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT")-1;
 322         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 323         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 324         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 325         desc_len = 0;
 326
 327         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 328                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 329                         continue;
 330
 331                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(u->id));
 332                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 333                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 334                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 335                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 336         }
 337
 338         if (!arg_full) {
 339                 unsigned basic_len;
 340                 id_len = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 341                 basic_len = 5 + id_len + 6 + active_len + sub_len + job_len;
 342                 if (basic_len < (unsigned) columns()) {
 343                         unsigned extra_len, incr;
 344                         extra_len = columns() - basic_len;
 345                         /* Either UNIT already got 25, or is fully satisfied.
 346                          * Grant up to 25 to DESC now. */
 347                         incr = MIN(extra_len, 25);
 348                         desc_len += incr;
 349                         extra_len -= incr;
 350                         /* split the remaining space between UNIT and DESC,
 351                          * but do not give UNIT more than it needs. */
 352                         if (extra_len > 0) {
 353                                 incr = MIN(extra_len / 2, max_id_len - id_len);
 354                                 id_len += incr;
 355                                 desc_len += extra_len - incr;
 356                         }
 357                 }
 358         } else
 359                 id_len = max_id_len;
 360
 361         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 362                 printf("%-*s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s ", id_len, "UNIT", "LOAD",
 363                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 364                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 365                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, "DESCRIPTION");
 366                 else
 367                         printf("%s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 368         }
 369
 370         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 371                 char *e;
 372                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 373                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 374
 375                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 376                         continue;
 377
 378                 n_shown++;
 379
 380                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 381                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 382                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 383                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 384                 } else
 385                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 386
 387                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 388                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 389                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 390                 } else
 391                         on_active = off_active = "";
 392
 393                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, id_len, 33);
 394
 395                 printf("%-*s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s %-*s ",
 396                        id_len, e ? e : u->id,
 397                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 398                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 399                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 400                        job_len, u->job_id ? u->job_type : "");
 401                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 402                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, u->description);
 403                 else
 404                         printf("%s\n", u->description);
 405
 406                 free(e);
 407         }
 408
 409         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 410                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 411                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 412                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 413                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 414
 415                 if (arg_all)
 416                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 417                 else
 418                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 419         }
 420 }
 421
 422 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 423         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 424         DBusError error;
 425         int r;
 426         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 427         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 428         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 429
 430         dbus_error_init(&error);
 431
 432         assert(bus);
 433
 434         pager_open_if_enabled();
 435
 436         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 437                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 438                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 439                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 440                               "ListUnits"))) {
 441                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 442                 return -ENOMEM;
 443         }
 444
 445         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 446                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 447                 r = -EIO;
 448                 goto finish;
 449         }
 450
 451         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 452             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 453             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 454                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 455                 r = -EIO;
 456                 goto finish;
 457         }
 458
 459         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 460
 461         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 462                 struct unit_info *u;
 463
 464                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 465                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 466                         r = -EIO;
 467                         goto finish;
 468                 }
 469
 470                 if (c >= n_units) {
 471                         struct unit_info *w;
 472
 473                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 474                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 475
 476                         if (!w) {
 477                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 478                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 479                                 goto finish;
 480                         }
 481
 482                         unit_infos = w;
 483                 }
 484
 485                 u = unit_infos+c;
 486
 487                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 488
 489                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 490                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 491                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 492                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 493                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 494                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 495                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 496                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 497                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 498                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 499                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 500                         r = -EIO;
 501                         goto finish;
 502                 }
 503
 504                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 505                 c++;
 506         }
 507
 508         if (c > 0) {
 509                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 510                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 511         }
 512
 513         r = 0;
 514
 515 finish:
 516         if (m)
 517                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 518
 519         if (reply)
 520                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 521
 522         free(unit_infos);
 523
 524         dbus_error_free(&error);
 525
 526         return r;
 527 }
 528
 529 static int compare_unit_file_list(const void *a, const void *b) {
 530         const char *d1, *d2;
 531         const UnitFileList *u = a, *v = b;
 532
 533         d1 = strrchr(u->path, '.');
 534         d2 = strrchr(v->path, '.');
 535
 536         if (d1 && d2) {
 537                 int r;
 538
 539                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 540                 if (r != 0)
 541                         return r;
 542         }
 543
 544         return strcasecmp(file_name_from_path(u->path), file_name_from_path(v->path));
 545 }
 546
 547 static bool output_show_unit_file(const UnitFileList *u) {
 548         const char *dot;
 549
 550         return !arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->path, '.')) && streq(dot+1, arg_type));
 551 }
 552
 553 static void output_unit_file_list(const UnitFileList *units, unsigned c) {
 554         unsigned max_id_len, id_cols, state_cols, n_shown = 0;
 555         const UnitFileList *u;
 556
 557         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT FILE")-1;
 558         state_cols = sizeof("STATE")-1;
 559         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 560                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 561                         continue;
 562
 563                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(file_name_from_path(u->path)));
 564                 state_cols = MAX(state_cols, strlen(unit_file_state_to_string(u->state)));
 565         }
 566
 567         if (!arg_full) {
 568                 unsigned basic_cols;
 569                 id_cols = MIN(max_id_len, 25);
 570                 basic_cols = 1 + id_cols + state_cols;
 571                 if (basic_cols < (unsigned) columns())
 572                         id_cols += MIN(columns() - basic_cols, max_id_len - id_cols);
 573         } else
 574                 id_cols = max_id_len;
 575
 576         if (!arg_no_legend)
 577                 printf("%-*s %-*s\n", id_cols, "UNIT FILE", state_cols, "STATE");
 578
 579         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 580                 char *e;
 581                 const char *on, *off;
 582                 const char *id;
 583
 584                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 585                         continue;
 586
 587                 n_shown++;
 588
 589                 if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED ||
 590                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED_RUNTIME ||
 591                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_DISABLED) {
 592                         on  = ansi_highlight(true);
 593                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
 594                 } else if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED) {
 595                         on  = ansi_highlight_green(true);
 596                         off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
 597                 } else
 598                         on = off = "";
 599
 600                 id = file_name_from_path(u->path);
 601
 602                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, id_cols, 33);
 603
 604                 printf("%-*s %s%-*s%s\n",
 605                        id_cols, e ? e : id,
 606                        on, state_cols, unit_file_state_to_string(u->state), off);
 607
 608                 free(e);
 609         }
 610
 611         if (!arg_no_legend)
 612                 printf("\n%u unit files listed.\n", n_shown);
 613 }
 614
 615 static int list_unit_files(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 616         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 617         DBusError error;
 618         int r;
 619         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 620         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 621         UnitFileList *units = NULL;
 622
 623         dbus_error_init(&error);
 624
 625         assert(bus);
 626
 627         pager_open_if_enabled();
 628
 629         if (avoid_bus()) {
 630                 Hashmap *h;
 631                 UnitFileList *u;
 632                 Iterator i;
 633
 634                 h = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
 635                 if (!h) {
 636                         log_error("Out of memory");
 637                         return -ENOMEM;
 638                 }
 639
 640                 r = unit_file_get_list(arg_scope, arg_root, h);
 641                 if (r < 0) {
 642                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 643                         log_error("Failed to get unit file list: %s", strerror(-r));
 644                         return r;
 645                 }
 646
 647                 n_units = hashmap_size(h);
 648                 units = new(UnitFileList, n_units);
 649                 if (!units) {
 650                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 651                         log_error("Out of memory");
 652                         return -ENOMEM;
 653                 }
 654
 655                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, h, i) {
 656                         memcpy(units + c++, u, sizeof(UnitFileList));
 657                         free(u);
 658                 }
 659
 660                 hashmap_free(h);
 661         } else {
 662                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 663                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 664                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 665                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 666                                 "ListUnitFiles");
 667                 if (!m) {
 668                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 669                         return -ENOMEM;
 670                 }
 671
 672                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
 673                 if (!reply) {
 674                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 675                         r = -EIO;
 676                         goto finish;
 677                 }
 678
 679                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 680                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 681                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 682                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 683                         r = -EIO;
 684                         goto finish;
 685                 }
 686
 687                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 688
 689                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 690                         UnitFileList *u;
 691                         const char *state;
 692
 693                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 694                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 695                                 r = -EIO;
 696                                 goto finish;
 697                         }
 698
 699                         if (c >= n_units) {
 700                                 UnitFileList *w;
 701
 702                                 n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 703                                 w = realloc(units, sizeof(struct UnitFileList) * n_units);
 704
 705                                 if (!w) {
 706                                         log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 707                                         r = -ENOMEM;
 708                                         goto finish;
 709                                 }
 710
 711                                 units = w;
 712                         }
 713
 714                         u = units+c;
 715
 716                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 717
 718                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->path, true) < 0 ||
 719                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, false) < 0) {
 720                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 721                                 r = -EIO;
 722                                 goto finish;
 723                         }
 724
 725                         u->state = unit_file_state_from_string(state);
 726
 727                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 728                         c++;
 729                 }
 730         }
 731
 732         if (c > 0) {
 733                 qsort(units, c, sizeof(UnitFileList), compare_unit_file_list);
 734                 output_unit_file_list(units, c);
 735         }
 736
 737         r = 0;
 738
 739 finish:
 740         if (m)
 741                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 742
 743         if (reply)
 744                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 745
 746         free(units);
 747
 748         dbus_error_free(&error);
 749
 750         return r;
 751 }
 752
 753 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 754         static const char * const colors[] = {
 755                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 756                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 757                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 758                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 759                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 760                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 761                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 762                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 763         };
 764
 765         const char *c = NULL;
 766         unsigned i;
 767
 768         assert(name);
 769         assert(prop);
 770         assert(iter);
 771
 772         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 773                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 774                         c = colors[i+1];
 775                         break;
 776                 }
 777
 778         if (!c)
 779                 return 0;
 780
 781         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 782                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 783                         return 0;
 784
 785         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 786
 787         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 788
 789                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 790                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 791
 792                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 793
 794                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 795                                 const char *s;
 796
 797                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 798                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 799                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 800
 801                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 802                         }
 803
 804                         return 0;
 805                 }
 806         }
 807
 808         return 0;
 809 }
 810
 811 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 812         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 813         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 814         int r;
 815         DBusError error;
 816         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 817
 818         assert(bus);
 819         assert(path);
 820
 821         dbus_error_init(&error);
 822
 823         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 824                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 825                               path,
 826                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 827                               "GetAll"))) {
 828                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 829                 r = -ENOMEM;
 830                 goto finish;
 831         }
 832
 833         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 834                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 835                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 836                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 837                 r = -ENOMEM;
 838                 goto finish;
 839         }
 840
 841         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 842                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 843                 r = -EIO;
 844                 goto finish;
 845         }
 846
 847         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 848             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 849             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 850                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 851                 r = -EIO;
 852                 goto finish;
 853         }
 854
 855         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 856
 857         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 858                 const char *prop;
 859
 860                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 861                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 862                         r = -EIO;
 863                         goto finish;
 864                 }
 865
 866                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 867
 868                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 869                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 870                         r = -EIO;
 871                         goto finish;
 872                 }
 873
 874                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 875                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 876                         r = -EIO;
 877                         goto finish;
 878                 }
 879
 880                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 881
 882                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 883                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 884                         r = -EIO;
 885                         goto finish;
 886                 }
 887
 888                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 889         }
 890
 891         r = 0;
 892
 893 finish:
 894         if (m)
 895                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 896
 897         if (reply)
 898                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 899
 900         dbus_error_free(&error);
 901
 902         return r;
 903 }
 904
 905 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 906         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 907         DBusError error;
 908         int r;
 909         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 910
 911         dbus_error_init(&error);
 912
 913         assert(bus);
 914
 915         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 916                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 917                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 918                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 919                               "ListUnits"))) {
 920                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 921                 return -ENOMEM;
 922         }
 923
 924         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 925                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 926                 r = -EIO;
 927                 goto finish;
 928         }
 929
 930         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 931             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 932             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 933                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 934                 r = -EIO;
 935                 goto finish;
 936         }
 937
 938         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 939
 940         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 941         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 942                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 943
 944                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 945                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 946                         r = -EIO;
 947                         goto finish;
 948                 }
 949
 950                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 951
 952                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 953                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 954                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 955                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 956                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 957                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 958                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 959                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 960                         r = -EIO;
 961                         goto finish;
 962                 }
 963
 964                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 965                         goto finish;
 966
 967                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 968                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 969         }
 970
 971         printf("}\n");
 972
 973         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 974                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 975                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 976                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 977                  "                 green     = After\n");
 978
 979         if (on_tty())
 980                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 981                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 982
 983         r = 0;
 984
 985 finish:
 986         if (m)
 987                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 988
 989         if (reply)
 990                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 991
 992         dbus_error_free(&error);
 993
 994         return r;
 995 }
 996
 997 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 998         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 999         DBusError error;
1000         int r;
1001         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
1002         unsigned k = 0;
1003
1004         dbus_error_init(&error);
1005
1006         assert(bus);
1007
1008         pager_open_if_enabled();
1009
1010         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1011                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1012                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1013                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1014                               "ListJobs"))) {
1015                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1016                 return -ENOMEM;
1017         }
1018
1019         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1020                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1021                 r = -EIO;
1022                 goto finish;
1023         }
1024
1025         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1026             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1027             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
1028                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1029                 r = -EIO;
1030                 goto finish;
1031         }
1032
1033         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1034
1035         if (on_tty())
1036                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
1037
1038         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1039                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
1040                 uint32_t id;
1041                 char *e;
1042
1043                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1044                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1045                         r = -EIO;
1046                         goto finish;
1047                 }
1048
1049                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1050
1051                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
1052                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
1053                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
1054                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
1055                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
1056                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
1057                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1058                         r = -EIO;
1059                         goto finish;
1060                 }
1061
1062                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
1063                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
1064                 free(e);
1065
1066                 k++;
1067
1068                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1069         }
1070
1071         if (on_tty())
1072                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
1073
1074         r = 0;
1075
1076 finish:
1077         if (m)
1078                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1079
1080         if (reply)
1081                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1082
1083         dbus_error_free(&error);
1084
1085         return r;
1086 }
1087
1088 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1089         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1090         DBusError error;
1091         int r;
1092         char **name;
1093
1094         dbus_error_init(&error);
1095
1096         assert(bus);
1097         assert(args);
1098
1099         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1100                 DBusMessage *reply;
1101
1102                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1103                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1104                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1105                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1106                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
1107                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1108                         r = -ENOMEM;
1109                         goto finish;
1110                 }
1111
1112                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1113                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1114                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1115                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1116                         r = -ENOMEM;
1117                         goto finish;
1118                 }
1119
1120                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1121                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1122                         r = -EIO;
1123                         goto finish;
1124                 }
1125
1126                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1127                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1128
1129                 m = reply = NULL;
1130         }
1131
1132         r = 0;
1133
1134 finish:
1135         if (m)
1136                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1137
1138         dbus_error_free(&error);
1139
1140         return r;
1141 }
1142
1143 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1144         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1145         DBusError error;
1146         int r;
1147         char **name;
1148
1149         dbus_error_init(&error);
1150
1151         assert(bus);
1152         assert(args);
1153
1154         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
1155                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1156
1157         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1158                 unsigned id;
1159                 const char *path;
1160
1161                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1162                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1163                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1164                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1165                                       "GetJob"))) {
1166                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1167                         r = -ENOMEM;
1168                         goto finish;
1169                 }
1170
1171                 if ((r = safe_atou(*name, &id)) < 0) {
1172                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
1173                         goto finish;
1174                 }
1175
1176                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
1177                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1178                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1179                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1180                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1181                         r = -ENOMEM;
1182                         goto finish;
1183                 }
1184
1185                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1186                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1187                         r = -EIO;
1188                         goto finish;
1189                 }
1190
1191                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1192                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1193                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1194                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1195                         r = -EIO;
1196                         goto finish;
1197                 }
1198
1199                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1200                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1201                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1202                                       path,
1203                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1204                                       "Cancel"))) {
1205                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1206                         r = -ENOMEM;
1207                         goto finish;
1208                 }
1209
1210                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1211                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1212                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1213                         r = -EIO;
1214                         goto finish;
1215                 }
1216
1217                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1218                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1219                 m = reply = NULL;
1220         }
1221
1222         r = 0;
1223
1224 finish:
1225         if (m)
1226                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1227
1228         if (reply)
1229                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1230
1231         dbus_error_free(&error);
1232
1233         return r;
1234 }
1235
1236 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1237         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1238         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1239         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1240         const char
1241                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1242                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1243                 *path;
1244
1245         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1246
1247         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1248                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1249                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1250                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1251                               "GetUnit")))
1252                 goto finish;
1253
1254         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1255                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1256                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1257                 goto finish;
1258
1259         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1260                 goto finish;
1261
1262         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1263                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1264                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1265                 goto finish;
1266
1267         dbus_message_unref(m);
1268         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1269                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1270                               path,
1271                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1272                               "Get")))
1273                 goto finish;
1274
1275         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1276                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1277                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1278                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1279                 goto finish;
1280         }
1281
1282         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1283         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1284                 goto finish;
1285
1286         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1287             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1288                 goto finish;
1289
1290         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1291
1292         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1293                 goto finish;
1294
1295         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1296
1297 finish:
1298         if (m)
1299                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1300
1301         if (reply)
1302                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1303
1304         return b;
1305 }
1306
1307 typedef struct WaitData {
1308         Set *set;
1309         char *result;
1310 } WaitData;
1311
1312 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1313         DBusError error;
1314         WaitData *d = data;
1315
1316         assert(connection);
1317         assert(message);
1318         assert(d);
1319
1320         dbus_error_init(&error);
1321
1322         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1323                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1324                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1325                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1326
1327         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1328                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1329                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1330
1331         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1332                 uint32_t id;
1333                 const char *path, *result;
1334                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1335
1336                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1337                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1338                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1339                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1340                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1341                         char *p;
1342
1343                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1344                                 free(p);
1345
1346                         if (*result)
1347                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1348
1349                         goto finish;
1350                 }
1351 #ifndef LEGACY
1352                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1353
1354                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1355                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1356                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1357                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1358                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1359                         char *p;
1360
1361                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1362                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1363                          * one day */
1364
1365                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1366                                 free(p);
1367
1368                         if (!success)
1369                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1370
1371                         goto finish;
1372                 }
1373 #endif
1374
1375                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1376         }
1377
1378 finish:
1379         dbus_error_free(&error);
1380         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1381 }
1382
1383 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1384         DBusError error;
1385
1386         assert(bus);
1387
1388         if (private_bus)
1389                 return 0;
1390
1391         dbus_error_init(&error);
1392         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1393                            "type='signal',"
1394                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1395                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1396                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1397                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1398                            &error);
1399
1400         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1401                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1402                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1403                 return -EIO;
1404         }
1405
1406         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1407         return 0;
1408 }
1409
1410 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1411         int r;
1412         WaitData d;
1413
1414         assert(bus);
1415         assert(s);
1416
1417         zero(d);
1418         d.set = s;
1419
1420         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1421                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1422                 r = -ENOMEM;
1423                 goto finish;
1424         }
1425
1426         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1427                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1428                 ;
1429
1430         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1431                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1432                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1433                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1434                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1435                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1436                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system logs for details.");
1437                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1438                         log_error("Job failed. See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1439         }
1440
1441         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1442                 r = -ETIME;
1443         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1444                 r = -ECANCELED;
1445         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1446                 r = -EIO;
1447         else
1448                 r = 0;
1449
1450         free(d.result);
1451
1452 finish:
1453         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1454
1455         return r;
1456 }
1457
1458 static int start_unit_one(
1459                 DBusConnection *bus,
1460                 const char *method,
1461                 const char *name,
1462                 const char *mode,
1463                 DBusError *error,
1464                 Set *s) {
1465
1466         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1467         const char *path;
1468         int r;
1469
1470         assert(bus);
1471         assert(method);
1472         assert(name);
1473         assert(mode);
1474         assert(error);
1475         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1476
1477         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1478                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1479                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1480                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1481                               method))) {
1482                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1483                 r = -ENOMEM;
1484                 goto finish;
1485         }
1486
1487         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1488                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1489                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1490                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1491                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1492                 r = -ENOMEM;
1493                 goto finish;
1494         }
1495
1496         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1497
1498                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1499                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1500                          * legacy actions. */
1501                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1502                         goto finish;
1503                 }
1504
1505                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1506                 r = -EIO;
1507                 goto finish;
1508         }
1509
1510         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1511                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1512                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1513                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1514                 r = -EIO;
1515                 goto finish;
1516         }
1517
1518         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1519                 log_warning("Warning: Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1520                             arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
1521
1522         if (!arg_no_block) {
1523                 char *p;
1524
1525                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1526                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1527                         r = -ENOMEM;
1528                         goto finish;
1529                 }
1530
1531                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1532                         free(p);
1533                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1534                         goto finish;
1535                 }
1536         }
1537
1538         r = 0;
1539
1540 finish:
1541         if (m)
1542                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1543
1544         if (reply)
1545                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1546
1547         return r;
1548 }
1549
1550 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1551         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1552                 return ACTION_HALT;
1553         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1554                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1555         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1556                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1557         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1558                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1559         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1560                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1561         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1562                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1563         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1564                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1565         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1566                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1567         else
1568                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1569 }
1570
1571 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1572
1573         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1574                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1575                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1576                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1577                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1578                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1579                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1580                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1581                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1582                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1583                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1584                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1585                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET
1586         };
1587
1588         int r, ret = 0;
1589         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1590         Set *s = NULL;
1591         DBusError error;
1592         char **name;
1593
1594         dbus_error_init(&error);
1595
1596         assert(bus);
1597
1598         agent_open_if_enabled();
1599
1600         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1601                 method =
1602                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1603                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1604                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1605                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1606
1607                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1608                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1609
1610                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1611
1612                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1613                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1614
1615                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1616                                                                   "StartUnit";
1617
1618                 mode =
1619                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1620                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1621                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1622
1623                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1624
1625         } else {
1626                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1627                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1628
1629                 method = "StartUnit";
1630
1631                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1632                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1633                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1634                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1635                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1636                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1637
1638                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1639         }
1640
1641         if (!arg_no_block) {
1642                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1643                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1644                         goto finish;
1645                 }
1646
1647                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1648                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1649                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1650                         goto finish;
1651                 }
1652         }
1653
1654         if (one_name) {
1655                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1656                         goto finish;
1657         } else {
1658                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
1659                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, *name, mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1660                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1661                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1662                         }
1663         }
1664
1665         if (!arg_no_block)
1666                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1667                         ret = r;
1668                         goto finish;
1669                 }
1670
1671 finish:
1672         if (s)
1673                 set_free_free(s);
1674
1675         dbus_error_free(&error);
1676
1677         return ret;
1678 }
1679
1680 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1681         int r;
1682
1683         assert(bus);
1684         assert(args);
1685
1686         if (arg_force &&
1687             (streq(args[0], "halt") ||
1688              streq(args[0], "poweroff") ||
1689              streq(args[0], "reboot") ||
1690              streq(args[0], "kexec") ||
1691              streq(args[0], "exit")))
1692                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1693
1694         r = start_unit(bus, args);
1695
1696         if (r >= 0)
1697                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1698
1699         return r;
1700 }
1701
1702 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1703         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1704         const char
1705                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1706                 *property = "ActiveState";
1707         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1708         DBusError error;
1709         char **name;
1710
1711         assert(bus);
1712         assert(args);
1713
1714         dbus_error_init(&error);
1715
1716         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1717                 const char *path = NULL;
1718                 const char *state;
1719                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1720
1721                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1722                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1723                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1724                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1725                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1726                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1727                         r = -ENOMEM;
1728                         goto finish;
1729                 }
1730
1731                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1732                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1733                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1734                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1735                         r = -ENOMEM;
1736                         goto finish;
1737                 }
1738
1739                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1740
1741                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1742                         if (!arg_quiet)
1743                                 puts("unknown");
1744
1745                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1746                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1747                         m = NULL;
1748                         continue;
1749                 }
1750
1751                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1752                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1753                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1754                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1755                         r = -EIO;
1756                         goto finish;
1757                 }
1758
1759                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1760                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1761                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1762                                       path,
1763                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1764                                       "Get"))) {
1765                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1766                         r = -ENOMEM;
1767                         goto finish;
1768                 }
1769
1770                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1771                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1772                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1773                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1774                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1775                         r = -ENOMEM;
1776                         goto finish;
1777                 }
1778
1779                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1780                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1781                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1782                         r = -EIO;
1783                         goto finish;
1784                 }
1785
1786                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1787                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1788                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1789                         r = -EIO;
1790                         goto finish;
1791                 }
1792
1793                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1794
1795                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1796                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1797                         r = -EIO;
1798                         goto finish;
1799                 }
1800
1801                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1802
1803                 if (!arg_quiet)
1804                         puts(state);
1805
1806                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1807                         r = 0;
1808
1809                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1810                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1811                 m = reply = NULL;
1812         }
1813
1814 finish:
1815         if (m)
1816                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1817
1818         if (reply)
1819                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1820
1821         dbus_error_free(&error);
1822
1823         return r;
1824 }
1825
1826 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1827         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
1828         int r = 0;
1829         DBusError error;
1830         char **name;
1831
1832         assert(bus);
1833         assert(args);
1834
1835         dbus_error_init(&error);
1836
1837         if (!arg_kill_who)
1838                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1839
1840         if (!arg_kill_mode)
1841                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
1842
1843         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1844                 DBusMessage *reply;
1845
1846                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1847                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1848                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1849                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1850                                       "KillUnit"))) {
1851                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1852                         r = -ENOMEM;
1853                         goto finish;
1854                 }
1855
1856                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1857                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
1858                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1859                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
1860                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1861                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1862                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1863                         r = -ENOMEM;
1864                         goto finish;
1865                 }
1866
1867                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1868                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1869                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1870                         r = -EIO;
1871                 }
1872
1873                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1874
1875                 if (reply)
1876                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1877                 m = reply = NULL;
1878         }
1879
1880 finish:
1881         if (m)
1882                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1883
1884         dbus_error_free(&error);
1885
1886         return r;
1887 }
1888
1889 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1890         char *name;
1891
1892         char *path;
1893         char **argv;
1894
1895         bool ignore;
1896
1897         usec_t start_timestamp;
1898         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1899         pid_t pid;
1900         int code;
1901         int status;
1902
1903         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1904 } ExecStatusInfo;
1905
1906 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1907         assert(i);
1908
1909         free(i->name);
1910         free(i->path);
1911         strv_free(i->argv);
1912         free(i);
1913 }
1914
1915 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1916         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
1917         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1918         const char*path;
1919         unsigned n;
1920         uint32_t pid;
1921         int32_t code, status;
1922         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1923
1924         assert(i);
1925         assert(i);
1926
1927         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1928                 return -EIO;
1929
1930         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1931
1932         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1933                 return -EIO;
1934
1935         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1936                 return -ENOMEM;
1937
1938         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1939             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1940                 return -EIO;
1941
1942         n = 0;
1943         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1944         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1945                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1946                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1947                 n++;
1948         }
1949
1950
1951         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1952                 return -ENOMEM;
1953
1954         n = 0;
1955         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1956         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1957                 const char *s;
1958
1959                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1960                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1961                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1962
1963                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1964                         return -ENOMEM;
1965         }
1966
1967         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1968             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1969             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1970             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1971             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1972             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1973             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1974             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1975             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1976                 return -EIO;
1977
1978         i->ignore = ignore;
1979         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1980         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1981         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1982         i->code = code;
1983         i->status = status;
1984
1985         return 0;
1986 }
1987
1988 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1989         const char *id;
1990         const char *load_state;
1991         const char *active_state;
1992         const char *sub_state;
1993         const char *unit_file_state;
1994
1995         const char *description;
1996         const char *following;
1997
1998         const char *path;
1999         const char *default_control_group;
2000
2001         const char *load_error;
2002
2003         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
2004         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
2005         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
2006         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
2007
2008         bool need_daemon_reload;
2009
2010         /* Service */
2011         pid_t main_pid;
2012         pid_t control_pid;
2013         const char *status_text;
2014         bool running:1;
2015 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2016         bool is_sysv:1;
2017 #endif
2018
2019         usec_t start_timestamp;
2020         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2021
2022         int exit_code, exit_status;
2023
2024         usec_t condition_timestamp;
2025         bool condition_result;
2026
2027         /* Socket */
2028         unsigned n_accepted;
2029         unsigned n_connections;
2030         bool accept;
2031
2032         /* Device */
2033         const char *sysfs_path;
2034
2035         /* Mount, Automount */
2036         const char *where;
2037
2038         /* Swap */
2039         const char *what;
2040
2041         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2042 } UnitStatusInfo;
2043
2044 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2045         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2046         const char *on, *off, *ss;
2047         usec_t timestamp;
2048         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
2049         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
2050
2051         assert(i);
2052
2053         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
2054          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
2055
2056         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
2057
2058         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
2059                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
2060
2061         printf("\n");
2062
2063         if (i->following)
2064                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
2065
2066         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
2067             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
2068                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
2069                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
2070         } else
2071                 on = off = "";
2072
2073         if (i->load_error)
2074                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (Reason: %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->load_error);
2075         else if (i->path && i->unit_file_state)
2076                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s; %s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path, i->unit_file_state);
2077         else if (i->path)
2078                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
2079         else
2080                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
2081
2082         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
2083
2084         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
2085                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
2086                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
2087         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
2088                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
2089                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
2090         } else
2091                 on = off = "";
2092
2093         if (ss)
2094                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
2095                        on,
2096                        strna(i->active_state),
2097                        ss,
2098                        off);
2099         else
2100                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
2101                        on,
2102                        strna(i->active_state),
2103                        off);
2104
2105         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
2106                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
2107                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
2108                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
2109                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
2110                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
2111
2112         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
2113         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
2114
2115         if (s1)
2116                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2117         else if (s2)
2118                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
2119         else
2120                 printf("\n");
2121
2122         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
2123                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
2124                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
2125
2126                 if (s1)
2127                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2128                 else if (s2)
2129                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
2130         }
2131
2132         if (i->sysfs_path)
2133                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
2134         if (i->where)
2135                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
2136         if (i->what)
2137                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
2138
2139         if (i->accept)
2140                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
2141
2142         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
2143                 char *t;
2144                 bool good;
2145
2146                 /* Only show exited processes here */
2147                 if (p->code == 0)
2148                         continue;
2149
2150                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
2151                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
2152                 free(t);
2153
2154 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2155                 if (i->is_sysv)
2156                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
2157                 else
2158 #endif
2159                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
2160
2161                 if (!good) {
2162                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
2163                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
2164                 } else
2165                         on = off = "";
2166
2167                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
2168
2169                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
2170                         const char *c;
2171
2172                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
2173
2174 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2175                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2176 #else
2177                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2178 #endif
2179                                 printf("/%s", c);
2180
2181                 } else
2182                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
2183
2184                 printf(")%s\n", off);
2185
2186                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2187                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2188                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2189                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2190                         i->main_pid = 0;
2191
2192                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2193                         i->control_pid = 0;
2194         }
2195
2196         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2197                 printf("\t");
2198
2199                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2200                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2201
2202                         if (i->running) {
2203                                 char *t = NULL;
2204                                 get_process_comm(i->main_pid, &t);
2205                                 if (t) {
2206                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2207                                         free(t);
2208                                 }
2209                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2210                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2211
2212                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2213                                         const char *c;
2214
2215                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2216
2217 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2218                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2219 #else
2220                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2221 #endif
2222                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2223
2224                                 } else
2225                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2226                                 printf(")");
2227                         }
2228                 }
2229
2230                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2231                         printf(";");
2232
2233                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2234                         char *t = NULL;
2235
2236                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2237
2238                         get_process_comm(i->control_pid, &t);
2239                         if (t) {
2240                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2241                                 free(t);
2242                         }
2243                 }
2244
2245                 printf("\n");
2246         }
2247
2248         if (i->status_text)
2249                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2250
2251         if (i->default_control_group) {
2252                 unsigned c;
2253
2254                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2255
2256                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2257                         if ((c = columns()) > 18)
2258                                 c -= 18;
2259                         else
2260                                 c = 0;
2261
2262                         show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
2263                 }
2264         }
2265
2266         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2267                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2268                        ansi_highlight(true),
2269                        ansi_highlight(false),
2270                        arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
2271 }
2272
2273 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2274
2275         assert(name);
2276         assert(iter);
2277         assert(i);
2278
2279         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2280
2281         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2282                 const char *s;
2283
2284                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2285
2286                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2287                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2288                                 i->id = s;
2289                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2290                                 i->load_state = s;
2291                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2292                                 i->active_state = s;
2293                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2294                                 i->sub_state = s;
2295                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2296                                 i->description = s;
2297                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2298                                 i->path = s;
2299 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2300                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2301                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2302                                 i->path = s;
2303                         }
2304 #endif
2305                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2306                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2307                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2308                                 i->status_text = s;
2309                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2310                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2311                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2312                                 i->where = s;
2313                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2314                                 i->what = s;
2315                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2316                                 i->following = s;
2317                         else if (streq(name, "UnitFileState"))
2318                                 i->unit_file_state = s;
2319                 }
2320
2321                 break;
2322         }
2323
2324         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2325                 dbus_bool_t b;
2326
2327                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2328
2329                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2330                         i->accept = b;
2331                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2332                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2333                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2334                         i->condition_result = b;
2335
2336                 break;
2337         }
2338
2339         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2340                 uint32_t u;
2341
2342                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2343
2344                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2345                         if (u > 0) {
2346                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2347                                 i->running = true;
2348                         }
2349                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2350                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2351                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2352                         if (u > 0)
2353                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2354                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2355                         i->n_accepted = u;
2356                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2357                         i->n_connections = u;
2358
2359                 break;
2360         }
2361
2362         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2363                 int32_t j;
2364
2365                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2366
2367                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2368                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2369                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2370                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2371
2372                 break;
2373         }
2374
2375         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2376                 uint64_t u;
2377
2378                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2379
2380                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2381                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2382                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2383                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2384                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2385                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2386                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2387                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2388                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2389                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2390                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2391                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2392                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2393                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2394
2395                 break;
2396         }
2397
2398         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2399
2400                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2401                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2402                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2403
2404                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2405                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2406                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2407                                 int r;
2408
2409                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2410                                         return -ENOMEM;
2411
2412                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2413                                         free(info);
2414                                         return -ENOMEM;
2415                                 }
2416
2417                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2418                                         free(info);
2419                                         return r;
2420                                 }
2421
2422                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2423
2424                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2425                         }
2426                 }
2427
2428                 break;
2429         }
2430
2431         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2432
2433                 if (streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2434                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2435                         const char *n, *message;
2436                         int r;
2437
2438                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2439
2440                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n, true);
2441                         if (r < 0)
2442                                 return r;
2443
2444                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &message, false);
2445                         if (r < 0)
2446                                 return r;
2447
2448                         if (!isempty(message))
2449                                 i->load_error = message;
2450                 }
2451
2452                 break;
2453         }
2454         }
2455
2456         return 0;
2457 }
2458
2459 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2460         assert(name);
2461         assert(iter);
2462
2463         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2464          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2465
2466         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2467                 return 0;
2468
2469         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2470
2471         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2472                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2473                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2474
2475                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2476                         uint32_t u;
2477
2478                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2479
2480                         if (u)
2481                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2482                         else if (arg_all)
2483                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2484
2485                         return 0;
2486                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2487                         const char *s;
2488
2489                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2490
2491                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2492                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2493
2494                         return 0;
2495                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2496                         const char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
2497
2498                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &a, true) >= 0)
2499                                 bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &b, false);
2500
2501                         if (arg_all || !isempty(a) || !isempty(b))
2502                                 printf("%s=%s \"%s\"\n", name, strempty(a), strempty(b));
2503
2504                         return 0;
2505                 }
2506
2507                 break;
2508         }
2509
2510         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2511
2512                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2513                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2514
2515                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2516                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2517                                 const char *path;
2518                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2519
2520                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2521
2522                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2523                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2524                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore_errors=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2525
2526                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2527                         }
2528
2529                         return 0;
2530
2531                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2532                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2533
2534                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2535                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2536                                 const char *type, *path;
2537
2538                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2539
2540                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2541                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2542                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2543
2544                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2545                         }
2546
2547                         return 0;
2548
2549                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2550                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2551
2552                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2553                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2554                                 const char *base;
2555                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2556
2557                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2558
2559                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2560                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2561                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2562                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2563
2564                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2565                                                base,
2566                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2567                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2568                                 }
2569
2570                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2571                         }
2572
2573                         return 0;
2574
2575                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "ControlGroupAttributes")) {
2576                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2577
2578                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2579                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2580                                 const char *controller, *attr, *value;
2581
2582                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2583
2584                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &controller, true) >= 0 &&
2585                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &attr, true) >= 0 &&
2586                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &value, false) >= 0) {
2587
2588                                         printf("ControlGroupAttribute={ controller=%s ; attribute=%s ; value=\"%s\" }\n",
2589                                                controller,
2590                                                attr,
2591                                                value);
2592                                 }
2593
2594                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2595                         }
2596
2597                         return 0;
2598
2599                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2600                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2601
2602                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2603                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2604                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2605
2606                                 zero(info);
2607                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2608                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2609                                         char *t;
2610
2611                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2612
2613                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore_errors=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2614                                                name,
2615                                                strna(info.path),
2616                                                strna(t),
2617                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2618                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2619                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2620                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2621                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2622                                                info.status,
2623                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2624                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2625
2626                                         free(t);
2627                                 }
2628
2629                                 free(info.path);
2630                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2631
2632                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2633                         }
2634
2635                         return 0;
2636                 }
2637
2638                 break;
2639         }
2640
2641         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
2642                 return 0;
2643
2644         if (arg_all)
2645                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2646
2647         return 0;
2648 }
2649
2650 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2651         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2652         const char *interface = "";
2653         int r;
2654         DBusError error;
2655         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2656         UnitStatusInfo info;
2657         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2658
2659         assert(bus);
2660         assert(path);
2661         assert(new_line);
2662
2663         zero(info);
2664         dbus_error_init(&error);
2665
2666         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2667                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2668                               path,
2669                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2670                               "GetAll"))) {
2671                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2672                 r = -ENOMEM;
2673                 goto finish;
2674         }
2675
2676         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2677                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2678                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2679                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2680                 r = -ENOMEM;
2681                 goto finish;
2682         }
2683
2684         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2685                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2686                 r = -EIO;
2687                 goto finish;
2688         }
2689
2690         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2691             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2692             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2693                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2694                 r = -EIO;
2695                 goto finish;
2696         }
2697
2698         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2699
2700         if (*new_line)
2701                 printf("\n");
2702
2703         *new_line = true;
2704
2705         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2706                 const char *name;
2707
2708                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2709                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2710                         r = -EIO;
2711                         goto finish;
2712                 }
2713
2714                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2715
2716                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2717                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2718                         r = -EIO;
2719                         goto finish;
2720                 }
2721
2722                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2723                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2724                         r = -EIO;
2725                         goto finish;
2726                 }
2727
2728                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2729
2730                 if (show_properties)
2731                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2732                 else
2733                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2734
2735                 if (r < 0) {
2736                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2737                         r = -EIO;
2738                         goto finish;
2739                 }
2740
2741                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2742         }
2743
2744         r = 0;
2745
2746         if (!show_properties)
2747                 print_status_info(&info);
2748
2749         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2750             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2751             streq(verb, "status"))
2752                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2753                 r = 3;
2754
2755         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2756                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2757                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2758         }
2759
2760 finish:
2761         if (m)
2762                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2763
2764         if (reply)
2765                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2766
2767         dbus_error_free(&error);
2768
2769         return r;
2770 }
2771
2772 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2773         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2774         int r, ret = 0;
2775         DBusError error;
2776         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2777         char **name;
2778
2779         assert(bus);
2780         assert(args);
2781
2782         dbus_error_init(&error);
2783
2784         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2785
2786         if (show_properties)
2787                 pager_open_if_enabled();
2788
2789         if (show_properties && strv_length(args) <= 1) {
2790                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2791                  * itself */
2792
2793                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2794                 goto finish;
2795         }
2796
2797         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
2798                 const char *path = NULL;
2799                 uint32_t id;
2800
2801                 if (safe_atou32(*name, &id) < 0) {
2802
2803                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2804
2805                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2806                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2807                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2808                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2809                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2810                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2811                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2812                                 goto finish;
2813                         }
2814
2815                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2816                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
2817                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2818                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2819                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2820                                 goto finish;
2821                         }
2822
2823                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2824
2825                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2826                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2827                                         ret = -EIO;
2828                                         goto finish;
2829                                 }
2830
2831                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2832
2833                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2834                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2835                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2836                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2837                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2838                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2839                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2840                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2841                                         goto finish;
2842                                 }
2843
2844                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2845                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
2846                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2847                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2848                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2849                                         goto finish;
2850                                 }
2851
2852                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2853                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2854
2855                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2856                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2857                                         else
2858                                                 ret = -EIO;
2859                                         goto finish;
2860                                 }
2861                         }
2862
2863                 } else if (show_properties) {
2864
2865                         /* Interpret as job id */
2866
2867                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2868                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2869                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2870                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2871                                               "GetJob"))) {
2872                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2873                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2874                                 goto finish;
2875                         }
2876
2877                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2878                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2879                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2880                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2881                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2882                                 goto finish;
2883                         }
2884
2885                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2886                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2887                                 ret = -EIO;
2888                                 goto finish;
2889                         }
2890                 } else {
2891
2892                         /* Interpret as PID */
2893
2894                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2895                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2896                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2897                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2898                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2899                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2900                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2901                                 goto finish;
2902                         }
2903
2904                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2905                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2906                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2907                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2908                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2909                                 goto finish;
2910                         }
2911
2912                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2913                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2914                                 ret = -EIO;
2915                                 goto finish;
2916                         }
2917                 }
2918
2919                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2920                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2921                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2922                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2923                         ret = -EIO;
2924                         goto finish;
2925                 }
2926
2927                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2928                         ret = r;
2929
2930                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2931                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2932                 m = reply = NULL;
2933         }
2934
2935 finish:
2936         if (m)
2937                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2938
2939         if (reply)
2940                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2941
2942         dbus_error_free(&error);
2943
2944         return ret;
2945 }
2946
2947 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2948         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2949         DBusError error;
2950         int r;
2951         const char *text;
2952
2953         dbus_error_init(&error);
2954
2955         pager_open_if_enabled();
2956
2957         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2958                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2959                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2960                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2961                               "Dump"))) {
2962                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2963                 return -ENOMEM;
2964         }
2965
2966         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2967                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2968                 r = -EIO;
2969                 goto finish;
2970         }
2971
2972         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2973                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2974                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2975                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2976                 r = -EIO;
2977                 goto finish;
2978         }
2979
2980         fputs(text, stdout);
2981
2982         r = 0;
2983
2984 finish:
2985         if (m)
2986                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2987
2988         if (reply)
2989                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2990
2991         dbus_error_free(&error);
2992
2993         return r;
2994 }
2995
2996 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2997         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2998         DBusError error;
2999         int r;
3000         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
3001         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3002         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3003         const char
3004                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3005                 *property = "Id";
3006
3007         dbus_error_init(&error);
3008
3009         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3010                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3011                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3012                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3013                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
3014                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3015                 return -ENOMEM;
3016         }
3017
3018         if (strv_length(args) > 1)
3019                 name = args[1];
3020
3021         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3022                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
3023                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3024                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3025                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3026                 r = -ENOMEM;
3027                 goto finish;
3028         }
3029
3030         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3031                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3032                 r = -EIO;
3033                 goto finish;
3034         }
3035
3036         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3037                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3038                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3039                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3040                 r = -EIO;
3041                 goto finish;
3042         }
3043
3044         dbus_message_unref(m);
3045         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3046                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3047                               path,
3048                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3049                               "Get"))) {
3050                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3051                 return -ENOMEM;
3052         }
3053
3054         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3055                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3056                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3057                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3058                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3059                 r = -ENOMEM;
3060                 goto finish;
3061         }
3062
3063         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3064         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3065                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3066                 r = -EIO;
3067                 goto finish;
3068         }
3069
3070         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3071             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3072                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3073                 r = -EIO;
3074                 goto finish;
3075         }
3076
3077         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3078
3079         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3080                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3081                 r = -EIO;
3082                 goto finish;
3083         }
3084
3085         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3086
3087         if (!arg_quiet)
3088                 puts(id);
3089         r = 0;
3090
3091 finish:
3092         if (m)
3093                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3094
3095         if (reply)
3096                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3097
3098         dbus_error_free(&error);
3099
3100         return r;
3101 }
3102
3103 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3104         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3105         int r;
3106         DBusError error;
3107         char **name;
3108
3109         assert(bus);
3110         assert(args);
3111
3112         dbus_error_init(&error);
3113
3114         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3115                 const char *path = NULL;
3116
3117                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3118                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3119                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3120                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3121                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3122                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3123                         r = -ENOMEM;
3124                         goto finish;
3125                 }
3126
3127                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3128                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3129                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3130                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3131                         r = -ENOMEM;
3132                         goto finish;
3133                 }
3134
3135                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3136                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3137                         r = -EIO;
3138                         goto finish;
3139                 }
3140
3141                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3142                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3143                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3144                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3145                         r = -EIO;
3146                         goto finish;
3147                 }
3148
3149                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3150                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3151                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3152                                       path,
3153                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3154                                       "Remove"))) {
3155                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3156                         r = -ENOMEM;
3157                         goto finish;
3158                 }
3159
3160                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3161                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3162                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3163                         r = -EIO;
3164                         goto finish;
3165                 }
3166
3167                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3168                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3169                 m = reply = NULL;
3170         }
3171
3172         r = 0;
3173
3174 finish:
3175         if (m)
3176                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3177
3178         if (reply)
3179                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3180
3181         dbus_error_free(&error);
3182
3183         return r;
3184 }
3185
3186 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3187         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3188         DBusError error;
3189         int r;
3190         const char *method;
3191
3192         dbus_error_init(&error);
3193
3194         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3195                 method = "Reload";
3196         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3197                 method = "Reexecute";
3198         else {
3199                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3200
3201                 method =
3202                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3203                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3204                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3205                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3206                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3207                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3208                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3209                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3210                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3211                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3212         }
3213
3214         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3215                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3216                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3217                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3218                               method))) {
3219                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3220                 return -ENOMEM;
3221         }
3222
3223         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3224
3225                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3226                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3227                          * legacy actions. */
3228                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3229                         goto finish;
3230                 }
3231
3232                 if (streq(method, "Reexecute") && dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY)) {
3233                         /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3234                          * a reply */
3235                         r = 0;
3236                         goto finish;
3237                 }
3238
3239                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3240                 r = -EIO;
3241                 goto finish;
3242         }
3243
3244         r = 0;
3245
3246 finish:
3247         if (m)
3248                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3249
3250         if (reply)
3251                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3252
3253         dbus_error_free(&error);
3254
3255         return r;
3256 }
3257
3258 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3259         DBusMessage *m = NULL;
3260         int r;
3261         DBusError error;
3262         char **name;
3263
3264         assert(bus);
3265         dbus_error_init(&error);
3266
3267         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
3268                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
3269
3270         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3271                 DBusMessage *reply;
3272
3273                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3274                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3275                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3276                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3277                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3278                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3279                         r = -ENOMEM;
3280                         goto finish;
3281                 }
3282
3283                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3284                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3285                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3286                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3287                         r = -ENOMEM;
3288                         goto finish;
3289                 }
3290
3291                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3292                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3293                         r = -EIO;
3294                         goto finish;
3295                 }
3296
3297                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3298                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3299                 m = reply = NULL;
3300         }
3301
3302         r = 0;
3303
3304 finish:
3305         if (m)
3306                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3307
3308         dbus_error_free(&error);
3309
3310         return r;
3311 }
3312
3313 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3314         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3315         DBusError error;
3316         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3317         int r;
3318         const char
3319                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3320                 *property = "Environment";
3321
3322         dbus_error_init(&error);
3323
3324         pager_open_if_enabled();
3325
3326         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3327                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3328                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3329                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3330                               "Get"))) {
3331                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3332                 return -ENOMEM;
3333         }
3334
3335         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3336                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3337                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3338                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3339                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3340                 r = -ENOMEM;
3341                 goto finish;
3342         }
3343
3344         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3345                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3346                 r = -EIO;
3347                 goto finish;
3348         }
3349
3350         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3351             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3352                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3353                 r = -EIO;
3354                 goto finish;
3355         }
3356
3357         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3358
3359         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3360             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3361                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3362                 r = -EIO;
3363                 goto finish;
3364         }
3365
3366         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3367
3368         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3369                 const char *text;
3370
3371                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3372                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3373                         r = -EIO;
3374                         goto finish;
3375                 }
3376
3377                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3378                 printf("%s\n", text);
3379
3380                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3381         }
3382
3383         r = 0;
3384
3385 finish:
3386         if (m)
3387                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3388
3389         if (reply)
3390                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3391
3392         dbus_error_free(&error);
3393
3394         return r;
3395 }
3396
3397 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3398         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3399         DBusError error;
3400         int r;
3401         const char *method;
3402         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3403         char **name;
3404
3405         dbus_error_init(&error);
3406
3407         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3408                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3409                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3410
3411         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3412                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3413                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3414                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3415                               method))) {
3416
3417                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3418                 return -ENOMEM;
3419         }
3420
3421         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3422
3423         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3424                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3425                 r = -ENOMEM;
3426                 goto finish;
3427         }
3428
3429         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
3430                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name)) {
3431                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3432                         r = -ENOMEM;
3433                         goto finish;
3434                 }
3435
3436         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3437                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3438                 r = -ENOMEM;
3439                 goto finish;
3440         }
3441
3442         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3443                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3444                 r = -EIO;
3445                 goto finish;
3446         }
3447
3448         r = 0;
3449
3450 finish:
3451         if (m)
3452                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3453
3454         if (reply)
3455                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3456
3457         dbus_error_free(&error);
3458
3459         return r;
3460 }
3461
3462 static int enable_sysv_units(char **args) {
3463         int r = 0;
3464
3465 #if defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT) && (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA) || defined(TARGET_SUSE) || defined(TARGET_MEEGO) || defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX) || defined(TARGET_MAGEIA))
3466         const char *verb = args[0];
3467         unsigned f = 1, t = 1;
3468         LookupPaths paths;
3469
3470         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
3471                 return 0;
3472
3473         if (!streq(verb, "enable") &&
3474             !streq(verb, "disable") &&
3475             !streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3476                 return 0;
3477
3478         /* Processes all SysV units, and reshuffles the array so that
3479          * afterwards only the native units remain */
3480
3481         zero(paths);
3482         r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, MANAGER_SYSTEM, false);
3483         if (r < 0)
3484                 return r;
3485
3486         r = 0;
3487
3488         for (f = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3489                 const char *name;
3490                 char *p;
3491                 bool found_native = false, found_sysv;
3492                 unsigned c = 1;
3493                 const char *argv[6] = { "/sbin/chkconfig", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
3494                 char **k, *l, *q = NULL;
3495                 int j;
3496                 pid_t pid;
3497                 siginfo_t status;
3498
3499                 name = args[f];
3500
3501                 if (!endswith(name, ".service"))
3502                         continue;
3503
3504                 if (path_is_absolute(name))
3505                         continue;
3506
3507                 STRV_FOREACH(k, paths.unit_path) {
3508                         p = NULL;
3509
3510                         if (!isempty(arg_root))
3511                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s/%s", arg_root, *k, name);
3512                         else
3513                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", *k, name);
3514
3515                         if (!p) {
3516                                 log_error("No memory");
3517                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3518                                 goto finish;
3519                         }
3520
3521                         found_native = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3522                         free(p);
3523
3524                         if (found_native)
3525                                 break;
3526                 }
3527
3528                 if (found_native)
3529                         continue;
3530
3531                 p = NULL;
3532                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3533                         asprintf(&p, "%s/" SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", arg_root, name);
3534                 else
3535                         asprintf(&p, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", name);
3536                 if (!p) {
3537                         log_error("No memory");
3538                         r = -ENOMEM;
3539                         goto finish;
3540                 }
3541
3542                 p[strlen(p) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3543                 found_sysv = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3544
3545                 if (!found_sysv) {
3546                         free(p);
3547                         continue;
3548                 }
3549
3550                 /* Mark this entry, so that we don't try enabling it as native unit */
3551                 args[f] = (char*) "";
3552
3553                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", name);
3554
3555                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3556                         argv[c++] = q = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
3557
3558                 argv[c++] = file_name_from_path(p);
3559                 argv[c++] =
3560                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3561                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
3562                 argv[c] = NULL;
3563
3564                 l = strv_join((char**)argv, " ");
3565                 if (!l) {
3566                         log_error("No memory.");
3567                         free(q);
3568                         free(p);
3569                         r = -ENOMEM;
3570                         goto finish;
3571                 }
3572
3573                 log_info("Executing %s", l);
3574                 free(l);
3575
3576                 pid = fork();
3577                 if (pid < 0) {
3578                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3579                         free(p);
3580                         free(q);
3581                         r = -errno;
3582                         goto finish;
3583                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3584                         /* Child */
3585
3586                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3587                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3588                 }
3589
3590                 free(p);
3591                 free(q);
3592
3593                 j = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3594                 if (j < 0) {
3595                         log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
3596                         r = j;
3597                         goto finish;
3598                 }
3599
3600                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3601                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3602                                 if (status.si_status == 0) {
3603                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3604                                                 puts("enabled");
3605                                         r = 1;
3606                                 } else {
3607                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3608                                                 puts("disabled");
3609                                 }
3610
3611                         } else if (status.si_status != 0) {
3612                                 r = -EINVAL;
3613                                 goto finish;
3614                         }
3615                 } else {
3616                         r = -EPROTO;
3617                         goto finish;
3618                 }
3619         }
3620
3621 finish:
3622         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3623
3624         /* Drop all SysV units */
3625         for (f = 1, t = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3626
3627                 if (isempty(args[f]))
3628                         continue;
3629
3630                 args[t++] = args[f];
3631         }
3632
3633         args[t] = NULL;
3634
3635 #endif
3636         return r;
3637 }
3638
3639 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3640         const char *verb = args[0];
3641         UnitFileChange *changes = NULL;
3642         unsigned n_changes = 0, i;
3643         int carries_install_info = -1;
3644         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3645         int r;
3646         DBusError error;
3647
3648         dbus_error_init(&error);
3649
3650         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3651         if (r < 0)
3652                 return r;
3653
3654         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3655                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3656                         r = unit_file_enable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3657                         carries_install_info = r;
3658                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3659                         r = unit_file_disable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3660                 else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3661                         r = unit_file_reenable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3662                         carries_install_info = r;
3663                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3664                         r = unit_file_link(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3665                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3666                         r = unit_file_preset(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3667                         carries_install_info = r;
3668                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3669                         r = unit_file_mask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3670                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask"))
3671                         r = unit_file_unmask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3672                 else
3673                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3674
3675                 if (r < 0) {
3676                         log_error("Operation failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3677                         goto finish;
3678                 }
3679
3680                 for (i = 0; i < n_changes; i++) {
3681                         if (changes[i].type == UNIT_FILE_SYMLINK)
3682                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", changes[i].source, changes[i].path);
3683                         else
3684                                 log_info("rm '%s'", changes[i].path);
3685                 }
3686
3687         } else {
3688                 const char *method;
3689                 bool send_force = true, expect_carries_install_info = false;
3690                 dbus_bool_t a, b;
3691                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3692
3693                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3694                         method = "EnableUnitFiles";
3695                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3696                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3697                         method = "DisableUnitFiles";
3698                         send_force = false;
3699                 } else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3700                         method = "ReenableUnitFiles";
3701                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3702                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3703                         method = "LinkUnitFiles";
3704                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3705                         method = "PresetUnitFiles";
3706                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3707                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3708                         method = "MaskUnitFiles";
3709                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask")) {
3710                         method = "UnmaskUnitFiles";
3711                         send_force = false;
3712                 } else
3713                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3714
3715                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3716                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3717                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3718                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3719                                 method);
3720                 if (!m) {
3721                         log_error("Out of memory");
3722                         r = -ENOMEM;
3723                         goto finish;
3724                 }
3725
3726                 dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3727
3728                 r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, args+1);
3729                 if (r < 0) {
3730                         log_error("Failed to append unit files.");
3731                         goto finish;
3732                 }
3733
3734                 a = arg_runtime;
3735                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &a)) {
3736                         log_error("Failed to append runtime boolean.");
3737                         r = -ENOMEM;
3738                         goto finish;
3739                 }
3740
3741                 if (send_force) {
3742                         b = arg_force;
3743
3744                         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b)) {
3745                                 log_error("Failed to append force boolean.");
3746                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3747                                 goto finish;
3748                         }
3749                 }
3750
3751                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3752                 if (!reply) {
3753                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3754                         r = -EIO;
3755                         goto finish;
3756                 }
3757
3758                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
3759                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
3760                         goto finish;
3761                 }
3762
3763                 if (expect_carries_install_info) {
3764                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b, true);
3765                         if (r < 0) {
3766                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3767                                 goto finish;
3768                         }
3769
3770                         carries_install_info = b;
3771                 }
3772
3773                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3774                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
3775                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3776                         r = -EIO;
3777                         goto finish;
3778                 }
3779
3780                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3781                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3782                         const char *type, *path, *source;
3783
3784                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
3785                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3786                                 r = -EIO;
3787                                 goto finish;
3788                         }
3789
3790                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3791
3792                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
3793                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0 ||
3794                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &source, false) < 0) {
3795                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3796                                 r = -EIO;
3797                                 goto finish;
3798                         }
3799
3800                         if (streq(type, "symlink"))
3801                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", source, path);
3802                         else
3803                                 log_info("rm '%s'", path);
3804
3805                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3806                 }
3807
3808                 /* Try to reload if enabeld */
3809                 if (!arg_no_reload)
3810                         r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
3811         }
3812
3813         if (carries_install_info == 0)
3814                 log_warning("Warning: unit files do not carry install information. No operation executed.");
3815
3816 finish:
3817         if (m)
3818                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3819
3820         if (reply)
3821                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3822
3823         unit_file_changes_free(changes, n_changes);
3824
3825         dbus_error_free(&error);
3826         return r;
3827 }
3828
3829 static int unit_is_enabled(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3830         DBusError error;
3831         int r;
3832         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3833         bool enabled;
3834         char **name;
3835
3836         dbus_error_init(&error);
3837
3838         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3839         if (r < 0)
3840                 return r;
3841
3842         enabled = r > 0;
3843
3844         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3845
3846                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3847                         UnitFileState state;
3848
3849                         state = unit_file_get_state(arg_scope, arg_root, *name);
3850                         if (state < 0) {
3851                                 r = state;
3852                                 goto finish;
3853                         }
3854
3855                         if (state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED ||
3856                             state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED_RUNTIME ||
3857                             state == UNIT_FILE_STATIC)
3858                                 enabled = true;
3859
3860                         if (!arg_quiet)
3861                                 puts(unit_file_state_to_string(state));
3862                 }
3863
3864         } else {
3865                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3866                         const char *s;
3867
3868                         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3869                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3870                                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3871                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3872                                         "GetUnitFileState");
3873                         if (!m) {
3874                                 log_error("Out of memory");
3875                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3876                                 goto finish;
3877                         }
3878
3879                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3880                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, name,
3881                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3882                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3883                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3884                                 goto finish;
3885                         }
3886
3887                         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3888                         if (!reply) {
3889                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3890                                 r = -EIO;
3891                                 goto finish;
3892                         }
3893
3894                         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3895                                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s,
3896                                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3897                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3898                                 r = -EIO;
3899                                 goto finish;
3900                         }
3901
3902                         dbus_message_unref(m);
3903                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3904                         m = reply = NULL;
3905
3906                         if (streq(s, "enabled") ||
3907                             streq(s, "enabled-runtime") ||
3908                             streq(s, "static"))
3909                                 enabled = true;
3910
3911                         if (!arg_quiet)
3912                                 puts(s);
3913                 }
3914         }
3915
3916         r = enabled ? 0 : 1;
3917
3918 finish:
3919         if (m)
3920                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3921
3922         if (reply)
3923                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3924
3925         dbus_error_free(&error);
3926         return r;
3927 }
3928
3929 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3930
3931         pager_open_if_enabled();
3932
3933         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3934                "Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.\n\n"
3935                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
3936                "     --version        Show package version\n"
3937                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
3938                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
3939                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3940                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
3941                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3942                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3943                "                      pending\n"
3944                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
3945                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
3946                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
3947                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
3948                "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST\n"
3949                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
3950                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
3951                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
3952                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3953                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3954                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3955                "                      configuration\n"
3956                "     --no-legend      Do not print a legend (column headers and hints)\n"
3957                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
3958                "     --no-ask-password\n"
3959                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
3960                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3961                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3962                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
3963                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
3964                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3965                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3966                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
3967                "     --root=PATH      Enable unit files in the specified root directory\n"
3968                "     --runtime        Enable unit files only temporarily until next reboot\n\n"
3969                "Unit Commands:\n"
3970                "  list-units                      List loaded units\n"
3971                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3972                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3973                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3974                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3975                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3976                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3977                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3978                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3979                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3980                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3981                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
3982                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3983                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3984                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3985                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3986                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
3987                "                                  units\n"
3988                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n\n"
3989                "Unit File Commands:\n"
3990                "  list-unit-files                 List installed unit files\n"
3991                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3992                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3993                "  reenable [NAME...]              Reenable one or more unit files\n"
3994                "  preset [NAME...]                Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
3995                "                                  based on preset configuration\n"
3996                "  mask [NAME...]                  Mask one or more units\n"
3997                "  unmask [NAME...]                Unmask one or more units\n"
3998                "  link [PATH...]                  Link one or more units files into\n"
3999                "                                  the search path\n"
4000                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n\n"
4001                "Job Commands:\n"
4002                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4003                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n\n"
4004                "Status Commands:\n"
4005                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4006                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n\n"
4007                "Snapshot Commands:\n"
4008                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4009                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n\n"
4010                "Environment Commands:\n"
4011                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4012                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4013                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n\n"
4014                "Manager Lifecycle Commands:\n"
4015                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4016                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n\n"
4017                "System Commands:\n"
4018                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4019                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4020                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4021                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4022                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4023                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4024                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4025                "  exit                            Ask for user instance termination\n",
4026                program_invocation_short_name);
4027
4028         return 0;
4029 }
4030
4031 static int halt_help(void) {
4032
4033         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4034                "%s the system.\n\n"
4035                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4036                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4037                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4038                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4039                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4040                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4041                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4042                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4043                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4044                program_invocation_short_name,
4045                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4046                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4047                                                "Halt");
4048
4049         return 0;
4050 }
4051
4052 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4053
4054         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4055                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4056                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4057                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4058                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4059                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4060                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4061                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4062                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4063                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4064                program_invocation_short_name);
4065
4066         return 0;
4067 }
4068
4069 static int telinit_help(void) {
4070
4071         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4072                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4073                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4074                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4075                "Commands:\n"
4076                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4077                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4078                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4079                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4080                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4081                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4082                program_invocation_short_name);
4083
4084         return 0;
4085 }
4086
4087 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4088
4089         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4090                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4091                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4092                program_invocation_short_name);
4093
4094         return 0;
4095 }
4096
4097 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4098
4099         enum {
4100                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4101                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4102                 ARG_VERSION,
4103                 ARG_USER,
4104                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4105                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4106                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4107                 ARG_NO_LEGEND,
4108                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4109                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4110                 ARG_ORDER,
4111                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4112                 ARG_ROOT,
4113                 ARG_FULL,
4114                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4115                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4116                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4117                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4118                 ARG_FAILED,
4119                 ARG_RUNTIME
4120         };
4121
4122         static const struct option options[] = {
4123                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4124                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4125                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4126                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4127                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4128                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4129                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4130                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4131                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4132                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4133                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4134                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4135                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4136                 { "no-legend", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },
4137                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4138                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4139                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4140                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4141                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4142                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4143                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'           },
4144                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4145                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE }, /* undocumented on purpose */
4146                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4147                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4148                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4149                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4150                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4151                 { "runtime",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME   },
4152                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4153         };
4154
4155         int c;
4156
4157         assert(argc >= 0);
4158         assert(argv);
4159
4160         /* Only when running as systemctl we ask for passwords */
4161         arg_ask_password = true;
4162
4163         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:P", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4164
4165                 switch (c) {
4166
4167                 case 'h':
4168                         systemctl_help();
4169                         return 0;
4170
4171                 case ARG_VERSION:
4172                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4173                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4174                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4175                         return 0;
4176
4177                 case 't':
4178                         arg_type = optarg;
4179                         break;
4180
4181                 case 'p': {
4182                         char **l;
4183
4184                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4185                                 return -ENOMEM;
4186
4187                         strv_free(arg_property);
4188                         arg_property = l;
4189
4190                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4191                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4192                          * empty. */
4193                         arg_all = true;
4194                         break;
4195                 }
4196
4197                 case 'a':
4198                         arg_all = true;
4199                         break;
4200
4201                 case ARG_FAIL:
4202                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4203                         break;
4204
4205                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4206                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4207                         break;
4208
4209                 case ARG_USER:
4210                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
4211                         break;
4212
4213                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4214                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
4215                         break;
4216
4217                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4218                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
4219                         break;
4220
4221                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4222                         arg_no_block = true;
4223                         break;
4224
4225                 case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
4226                         arg_no_legend = true;
4227                         break;
4228
4229                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4230                         arg_no_pager = true;
4231                         break;
4232
4233                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4234                         arg_no_wall = true;
4235                         break;
4236
4237                 case ARG_ORDER:
4238                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4239                         break;
4240
4241                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4242                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4243                         break;
4244
4245                 case ARG_ROOT:
4246                         arg_root = optarg;
4247                         break;
4248
4249                 case ARG_FULL:
4250                         arg_full = true;
4251                         break;
4252
4253                 case ARG_FAILED:
4254                         arg_failed = true;
4255                         break;
4256
4257                 case 'q':
4258                         arg_quiet = true;
4259                         break;
4260
4261                 case 'f':
4262                         arg_force = true;
4263                         break;
4264
4265                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4266                         arg_no_reload = true;
4267                         break;
4268
4269                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4270                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4271                         break;
4272
4273                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4274                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4275                         break;
4276
4277                 case 's':
4278                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4279                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4280                                 return -EINVAL;
4281                         }
4282                         break;
4283
4284                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4285                         arg_ask_password = false;
4286                         break;
4287
4288                 case 'P':
4289                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4290                         break;
4291
4292                 case 'H':
4293                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4294                         arg_host = optarg;
4295                         break;
4296
4297                 case ARG_RUNTIME:
4298                         arg_runtime = true;
4299                         break;
4300
4301                 case '?':
4302                         return -EINVAL;
4303
4304                 default:
4305                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4306                         return -EINVAL;
4307                 }
4308         }
4309
4310         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
4311                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4312                 return -EINVAL;
4313         }
4314
4315         return 1;
4316 }
4317
4318 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4319
4320         enum {
4321                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4322                 ARG_HALT,
4323                 ARG_REBOOT,
4324                 ARG_NO_WALL
4325         };
4326
4327         static const struct option options[] = {
4328                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4329                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4330                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4331                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4332                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4333                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4334                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4335                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4336                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4337                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4338         };
4339
4340         int c, runlevel;
4341
4342         assert(argc >= 0);
4343         assert(argv);
4344
4345         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4346                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4347                         arg_immediate = true;
4348
4349         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4350                 switch (c) {
4351
4352                 case ARG_HELP:
4353                         halt_help();
4354                         return 0;
4355
4356                 case ARG_HALT:
4357                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4358                         break;
4359
4360                 case 'p':
4361                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4362                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4363                         break;
4364
4365                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4366                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4367                         break;
4368
4369                 case 'f':
4370                         arg_immediate = true;
4371                         break;
4372
4373                 case 'w':
4374                         arg_dry = true;
4375                         break;
4376
4377                 case 'd':
4378                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4379                         break;
4380
4381                 case 'n':
4382                         arg_no_sync = true;
4383                         break;
4384
4385                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4386                         arg_no_wall = true;
4387                         break;
4388
4389                 case 'i':
4390                 case 'h':
4391                         /* Compatibility nops */
4392                         break;
4393
4394                 case '?':
4395                         return -EINVAL;
4396
4397                 default:
4398                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4399                         return -EINVAL;
4400                 }
4401         }
4402
4403         if (optind < argc) {
4404                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4405                 return -EINVAL;
4406         }
4407
4408         return 1;
4409 }
4410
4411 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4412         assert(t);
4413         assert(_u);
4414
4415         if (streq(t, "now"))
4416                 *_u = 0;
4417         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4418                 uint64_t u;
4419
4420                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4421                         return -EINVAL;
4422
4423                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4424         } else {
4425                 char *e = NULL;
4426                 long hour, minute;
4427                 struct tm tm;
4428                 time_t s;
4429                 usec_t n;
4430
4431                 errno = 0;
4432                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4433                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4434                         return -EINVAL;
4435
4436                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4437                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4438                         return -EINVAL;
4439
4440                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4441                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4442
4443                 zero(tm);
4444                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4445
4446                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4447                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4448                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4449
4450                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4451
4452                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4453
4454                 while (*_u <= n)
4455                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4456         }
4457
4458         return 0;
4459 }
4460
4461 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4462
4463         enum {
4464                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4465                 ARG_NO_WALL
4466         };
4467
4468         static const struct option options[] = {
4469                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4470                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4471                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4472                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4473                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4474                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4475         };
4476
4477         int c, r;
4478
4479         assert(argc >= 0);
4480         assert(argv);
4481
4482         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4483                 switch (c) {
4484
4485                 case ARG_HELP:
4486                         shutdown_help();
4487                         return 0;
4488
4489                 case 'H':
4490                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4491                         break;
4492
4493                 case 'P':
4494                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4495                         break;
4496
4497                 case 'r':
4498                         if (kexec_loaded())
4499                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4500                         else
4501                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4502                         break;
4503
4504                 case 'h':
4505                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4506                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4507                         break;
4508
4509                 case 'k':
4510                         arg_dry = true;
4511                         break;
4512
4513                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4514                         arg_no_wall = true;
4515                         break;
4516
4517                 case 't':
4518                 case 'a':
4519                         /* Compatibility nops */
4520                         break;
4521
4522                 case 'c':
4523                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4524                         break;
4525
4526                 case '?':
4527                         return -EINVAL;
4528
4529                 default:
4530                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4531                         return -EINVAL;
4532                 }
4533         }
4534
4535         if (argc > optind) {
4536                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4537                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4538                         return r;
4539                 }
4540         } else
4541                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4542
4543         /* We skip the time argument */
4544         if (argc > optind + 1)
4545                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4546
4547         optind = argc;
4548
4549         return 1;
4550 }
4551
4552 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4553
4554         enum {
4555                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4556                 ARG_NO_WALL
4557         };
4558
4559         static const struct option options[] = {
4560                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4561                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4562                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4563         };
4564
4565         static const struct {
4566                 char from;
4567                 enum action to;
4568         } table[] = {
4569                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4570                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4571                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4572                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4573                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4574                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4575                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4576                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4577                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4578                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4579                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4580                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4581                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4582         };
4583
4584         unsigned i;
4585         int c;
4586
4587         assert(argc >= 0);
4588         assert(argv);
4589
4590         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4591                 switch (c) {
4592
4593                 case ARG_HELP:
4594                         telinit_help();
4595                         return 0;
4596
4597                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4598                         arg_no_wall = true;
4599                         break;
4600
4601                 case '?':
4602                         return -EINVAL;
4603
4604                 default:
4605                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4606                         return -EINVAL;
4607                 }
4608         }
4609
4610         if (optind >= argc) {
4611                 telinit_help();
4612                 return -EINVAL;
4613         }
4614
4615         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4616                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4617                 return -EINVAL;
4618         }
4619
4620         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4621                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4622                 return -EINVAL;
4623         }
4624
4625         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4626                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4627                         break;
4628
4629         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4630                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4631                 return -EINVAL;
4632         }
4633
4634         arg_action = table[i].to;
4635
4636         optind ++;
4637
4638         return 1;
4639 }
4640
4641 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4642
4643         enum {
4644                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4645         };
4646
4647         static const struct option options[] = {
4648                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4649                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4650         };
4651
4652         int c;
4653
4654         assert(argc >= 0);
4655         assert(argv);
4656
4657         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4658                 switch (c) {
4659
4660                 case ARG_HELP:
4661                         runlevel_help();
4662                         return 0;
4663
4664                 case '?':
4665                         return -EINVAL;
4666
4667                 default:
4668                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4669                         return -EINVAL;
4670                 }
4671         }
4672
4673         if (optind < argc) {
4674                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4675                 return -EINVAL;
4676         }
4677
4678         return 1;
4679 }
4680
4681 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4682         assert(argc >= 0);
4683         assert(argv);
4684
4685         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4686
4687                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4688                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4689                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4690                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4691                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4692                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4693                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4694                         if (kexec_loaded())
4695                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4696                         else
4697                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4698                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4699                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4700                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4701                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4702                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4703
4704                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4705                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4706                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4707                         } else {
4708                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4709                                  * running, we need to forward this
4710                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4711                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4712
4713                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4714
4715                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4716                                 return -EIO;
4717                         }
4718
4719                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4720                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4721                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4722                 }
4723         }
4724
4725         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4726         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4727 }
4728
4729 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4730
4731         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4732                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4733                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4734                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4735                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4736                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4737                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4738                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4739                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4740         };
4741
4742         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4743
4744         return table[arg_action];
4745 }
4746
4747 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4748         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4749         DBusError error;
4750         int previous, rl, r;
4751         char
4752                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4753                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4754         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4755         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4756         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4757         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4758         DBusConnection *bus;
4759
4760         dbus_error_init(&error);
4761
4762         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4763                 return 0;
4764
4765         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4766                 previous = 'N';
4767
4768         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4769                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4770                         r = 0;
4771                         goto finish;
4772                 }
4773
4774                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4775                 r = -EIO;
4776                 goto finish;
4777         }
4778
4779         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4780                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4781                 goto finish;
4782         }
4783
4784         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4785                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4786                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4787                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4788                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4789
4790                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4791                 r = -ENOMEM;
4792                 goto finish;
4793         }
4794
4795         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4796
4797         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4798         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4799
4800         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4801             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4802             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4803             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4804             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4805             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4806                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4807                 r = -ENOMEM;
4808                 goto finish;
4809         }
4810
4811         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4812
4813                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4814                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4815                         goto finish;
4816                 }
4817
4818                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4819                 r = -EIO;
4820                 goto finish;
4821         }
4822
4823         r = 1;
4824
4825 finish:
4826         if (m)
4827                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4828
4829         if (reply)
4830                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4831
4832         if (bus) {
4833                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4834                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4835                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4836         }
4837
4838         dbus_error_free(&error);
4839
4840         return r;
4841 }
4842
4843 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4844         struct init_request request;
4845         int r, fd;
4846         char rl;
4847
4848         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4849                 return 0;
4850
4851         zero(request);
4852         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4853         request.sleeptime = 0;
4854         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4855         request.runlevel = rl;
4856
4857         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4858
4859                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4860                         return 0;
4861
4862                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4863                 return -errno;
4864         }
4865
4866         errno = 0;
4867         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4868         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4869
4870         if (r < 0) {
4871                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4872                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4873         }
4874
4875         return 1;
4876 }
4877
4878 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4879
4880         static const struct {
4881                 const char* verb;
4882                 const enum {
4883                         MORE,
4884                         LESS,
4885                         EQUAL
4886                 } argc_cmp;
4887                 const int argc;
4888                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
4889         } verbs[] = {
4890                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4891                 { "list-unit-files",       EQUAL, 1, list_unit_files   },
4892                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4893                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4894                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4895                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4896                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4897                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4898                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
4899                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4900                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4901                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4902                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4903                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4904                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4905                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
4906                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4907                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4908                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
4909                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4910                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4911                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4912                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4913                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4914                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4915                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4916                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4917                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4918                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4919                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4920                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4921                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4922                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4923                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4924                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4925                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4926                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4927                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4928                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4929                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4930                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
4931                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4932                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4933                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, unit_is_enabled   },
4934                 { "reenable",              MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4935                 { "preset",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4936                 { "mask",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4937                 { "unmask",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4938                 { "link",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4939         };
4940
4941         int left;
4942         unsigned i;
4943
4944         assert(argc >= 0);
4945         assert(argv);
4946         assert(error);
4947
4948         left = argc - optind;
4949
4950         if (left <= 0)
4951                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4952                 i = 0;
4953         else {
4954                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4955                         systemctl_help();
4956                         return 0;
4957                 }
4958
4959                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4960                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4961                                 break;
4962
4963                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4964                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4965                         return -EINVAL;
4966                 }
4967         }
4968
4969         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4970
4971         case EQUAL:
4972                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4973                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4974                         return -EINVAL;
4975                 }
4976
4977                 break;
4978
4979         case MORE:
4980                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4981                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4982                         return -EINVAL;
4983                 }
4984
4985                 break;
4986
4987         case LESS:
4988                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4989                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4990                         return -EINVAL;
4991                 }
4992
4993                 break;
4994
4995         default:
4996                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4997         }
4998
4999         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5000          * enable/disable */
5001         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5002             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5003             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "is-enable") &&
5004             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "reenable") &&
5005             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "preset") &&
5006             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "mask") &&
5007             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "unmask") &&
5008             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "link")) {
5009
5010                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5011                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5012                         return 0;
5013                 }
5014
5015                 if (!bus) {
5016                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5017                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5018                         return -EIO;
5019                 }
5020
5021         } else {
5022
5023                 if (!bus && !avoid_bus()) {
5024                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5025                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5026                         return -EIO;
5027                 }
5028         }
5029
5030         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind);
5031 }
5032
5033 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5034         int fd = -1;
5035         struct msghdr msghdr;
5036         struct iovec iovec;
5037         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5038         struct shutdownd_command c;
5039
5040         zero(c);
5041         c.elapse = t;
5042         c.mode = mode;
5043         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5044         c.warn_wall = warn;
5045
5046         if (message)
5047                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
5048
5049         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
5050                 return -errno;
5051
5052         zero(sockaddr);
5053         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5054         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
5055         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5056
5057         zero(iovec);
5058         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
5059         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
5060
5061         zero(msghdr);
5062         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5063         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5064
5065         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
5066         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5067
5068         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5069                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5070                 return -errno;
5071         }
5072
5073         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5074         return 0;
5075 }
5076
5077 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5078
5079         if (bus) {
5080                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5081                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5082                         return 0;
5083         }
5084
5085         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5086         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5087
5088         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5089                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5090                 return -errno;
5091         }
5092
5093         return 0;
5094 }
5095
5096 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5097
5098         if (bus) {
5099                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5100                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5101                         goto done;
5102         }
5103
5104         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5105          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5106         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5107                 goto done;
5108
5109         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5110          * /dev/initctl */
5111         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5112                 goto done;
5113
5114         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5115         return -EIO;
5116
5117 done:
5118         warn_wall(arg_action);
5119         return 0;
5120 }
5121
5122 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5123         int r;
5124
5125         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5126                 log_error("Must be root.");
5127                 return -EPERM;
5128         }
5129
5130         if (arg_when > 0) {
5131                 char *m;
5132                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5133
5134                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5135                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5136                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5137                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5138                                                                    'r',
5139                                    arg_dry,
5140                                    !arg_no_wall,
5141                                    m);
5142                 free(m);
5143
5144                 if (r < 0)
5145                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5146                 else {
5147                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5148                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5149                         return 0;
5150                 }
5151         }
5152
5153         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
5154                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5155
5156         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5157                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5158                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5159                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
5160                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5161         }
5162
5163         if (!arg_no_sync)
5164                 sync();
5165
5166         if (arg_dry)
5167                 return 0;
5168
5169         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5170          * point on... */
5171         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5172
5173         switch (arg_action) {
5174
5175         case ACTION_HALT:
5176                 log_info("Halting.");
5177                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5178                 break;
5179
5180         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5181                 log_info("Powering off.");
5182                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5183                 break;
5184
5185         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5186                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5187                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5188                 break;
5189
5190         default:
5191                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5192         }
5193
5194         /* We should never reach this. */
5195         return -ENOSYS;
5196 }
5197
5198 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5199         int r, runlevel, previous;
5200
5201         r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous);
5202         if (r < 0) {
5203                 puts("unknown");
5204                 return r;
5205         }
5206
5207         printf("%c %c\n",
5208                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5209                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5210
5211         return 0;
5212 }
5213
5214 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5215         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5216         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5217         DBusError error;
5218
5219         dbus_error_init(&error);
5220
5221         log_parse_environment();
5222         log_open();
5223
5224         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5225                 goto finish;
5226         else if (r == 0) {
5227                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5228                 goto finish;
5229         }
5230
5231         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5232          * let's shortcut this */
5233         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5234                 r = runlevel_main();
5235                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5236                 goto finish;
5237         }
5238
5239         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5240                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5241                 retval = 0;
5242                 goto finish;
5243         }
5244
5245         if (!avoid_bus()) {
5246                 if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5247                         bus_connect(arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5248                 else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5249                         bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5250                         private_bus = false;
5251                 } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5252                         bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5253                         private_bus = false;
5254                 } else
5255                         assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5256         }
5257
5258         switch (arg_action) {
5259
5260         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5261                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5262                 break;
5263
5264         case ACTION_HALT:
5265         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5266         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5267         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5268                 r = halt_main(bus);
5269                 break;
5270
5271         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5272         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5273         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5274         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5275         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5276         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5277         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5278                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5279                 break;
5280
5281         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5282         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5283                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5284                 break;
5285
5286         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5287                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, false, NULL);
5288                 break;
5289
5290         case ACTION_INVALID:
5291         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5292         default:
5293                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5294         }
5295
5296         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5297
5298 finish:
5299         if (bus) {
5300                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5301                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5302                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5303         }
5304
5305         dbus_error_free(&error);
5306
5307         dbus_shutdown();
5308
5309         strv_free(arg_property);
5310
5311         pager_close();
5312         agent_close();
5313
5314         return retval;
5315 }