src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include "log.h"
  39 #include "util.h"
  40 #include "macro.h"
  41 #include "set.h"
  42 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  43 #include "special.h"
  44 #include "initreq.h"
  45 #include "strv.h"
  46 #include "dbus-common.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  49 #include "list.h"
  50 #include "path-lookup.h"
  51 #include "conf-parser.h"
  52 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  53 #include "shutdownd.h"
  54 #include "exit-status.h"
  55 #include "bus-errors.h"
  56 #include "build.h"
  57 #include "unit-name.h"
  58 #include "pager.h"
  59
  60 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  61 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  62 static bool arg_all = false;
  63 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  64 static bool arg_user = false;
  65 static bool arg_global = false;
  66 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  71 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  72 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  73 static bool arg_dry = false;
  74 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  75 static bool arg_full = false;
  76 static bool arg_force = false;
  77 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  78 static bool arg_ask_password = false;
  79 static bool arg_failed = false;
  80 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  81 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  82 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  83 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  84 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  85 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  86 static enum action {
  87         ACTION_INVALID,
  88         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  89         ACTION_HALT,
  90         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  91         ACTION_REBOOT,
  92         ACTION_KEXEC,
  93         ACTION_EXIT,
  94         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  95         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  96         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  97         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  98         ACTION_RESCUE,
  99         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 100         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 101         ACTION_RELOAD,
 102         ACTION_REEXEC,
 103         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 104         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 105         _ACTION_MAX
 106 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 107 static enum dot {
 108         DOT_ALL,
 109         DOT_ORDER,
 110         DOT_REQUIRE
 111 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 112 static enum transport {
 113         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 114         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 115         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 116 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 117 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 118
 119 static bool private_bus = false;
 120
 121 static pid_t agent_pid = 0;
 122
 123 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 124
 125 static bool on_tty(void) {
 126         static int t = -1;
 127
 128         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 129          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 130          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 131          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 132          * when run in our own pager. */
 133
 134         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 135                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 136
 137         return t;
 138 }
 139
 140 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 141         on_tty();
 142
 143         if (!arg_no_pager)
 144                 pager_open();
 145 }
 146
 147 static void spawn_ask_password_agent(void) {
 148         pid_t parent;
 149
 150         if (agent_pid > 0)
 151                 return;
 152
 153         /* We check STDIN here, not STDOUT, since this is about input,
 154          * not output */
 155         if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
 156                 return;
 157
 158         if (!arg_ask_password)
 159                 return;
 160
 161         if (arg_user)
 162                 return;
 163
 164         parent = getpid();
 165
 166         /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
 167          * we go away */
 168
 169         if ((agent_pid = fork()) < 0)
 170                 return;
 171
 172         if (agent_pid == 0) {
 173                 /* In the child */
 174
 175                 int fd;
 176                 bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty;
 177
 178                 /* Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */
 179                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
 180                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 181
 182                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
 183                  * to set the death signal */
 184                 if (getppid() != parent)
 185                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 186
 187                 /* Don't leak fds to the agent */
 188                 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
 189
 190                 stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
 191                 stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO);
 192
 193                 if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) {
 194                         /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen
 195                          * /dev/tty for them. This is important to
 196                          * ensure that when systemctl is started via
 197                          * popen() or a similar call that expects to
 198                          * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and
 199                          * not delay this indefinitely by because we
 200                          * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */
 201                         if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
 202                                 log_error("Failed to open /dev/tty: %m");
 203                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 204                         }
 205
 206                         if (!stdout_is_tty)
 207                                 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
 208
 209                         if (!stderr_is_tty)
 210                                 dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
 211
 212                         if (fd > 2)
 213                                 close(fd);
 214                 }
 215
 216                 execl(SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, "--watch", NULL);
 217
 218                 log_error("Unable to execute agent: %m");
 219                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 220         }
 221 }
 222
 223 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 224
 225         if (!on_tty())
 226                 return "";
 227
 228         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 229 }
 230
 231 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 232
 233         if (!on_tty())
 234                 return "";
 235
 236         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 237 }
 238
 239 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 240         assert(error);
 241
 242         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 243                 return false;
 244
 245         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 246                 return true;
 247
 248         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 249                 return true;
 250
 251         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 252 }
 253
 254 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 255         assert(error);
 256
 257         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 258                 return r;
 259
 260         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 261             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 262             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 263             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 264                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 265
 266         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 267                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 268
 269         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 270             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 271                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 272
 273         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 274                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 275
 276         if (r != 0)
 277                 return r;
 278
 279         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 280 }
 281
 282 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 283         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 284                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 285                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 286                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 287                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 288                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 289                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 290         };
 291
 292         if (arg_no_wall)
 293                 return;
 294
 295         if (arg_wall) {
 296                 char *p;
 297
 298                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 299                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 300                         return;
 301                 }
 302
 303                 if (*p) {
 304                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 305                         free(p);
 306                         return;
 307                 }
 308
 309                 free(p);
 310         }
 311
 312         if (!table[action])
 313                 return;
 314
 315         utmp_wall(table[action], NULL);
 316 }
 317
 318 struct unit_info {
 319         const char *id;
 320         const char *description;
 321         const char *load_state;
 322         const char *active_state;
 323         const char *sub_state;
 324         const char *following;
 325         const char *unit_path;
 326         uint32_t job_id;
 327         const char *job_type;
 328         const char *job_path;
 329 };
 330
 331 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 332         const char *d1, *d2;
 333         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 334
 335         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 336         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 337
 338         if (d1 && d2) {
 339                 int r;
 340
 341                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 342                         return r;
 343         }
 344
 345         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 346 }
 347
 348 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 349         const char *dot;
 350
 351         if (arg_failed)
 352                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 353
 354         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 355                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 356                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 357 }
 358
 359 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 360         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len, n_shown = 0;
 361         const struct unit_info *u;
 362
 363         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 364         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 365         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 366
 367         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 368                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 369                         continue;
 370
 371                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 372                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 373                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 374                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 375         }
 376
 377         if (on_tty()) {
 378                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 379                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 380                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full || !arg_no_pager)
 381                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 382                 else
 383                         printf("\n");
 384         }
 385
 386         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 387                 char *e;
 388                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 389                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 390                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 391
 392                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 393                         continue;
 394
 395                 n_shown++;
 396
 397                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 398                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 399                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 400                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 401                 } else
 402                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 403
 404                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 405                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 406                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 407                 } else
 408                         on_active = off_active = "";
 409
 410                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 411
 412                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 413                        e ? e : u->id,
 414                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 415                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 416                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 417                        &a);
 418
 419                 free(e);
 420
 421                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 422                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 423
 424                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 425                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 426                 else
 427                         b = 1 + job_len;
 428
 429                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 430                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 431                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 432
 433                         if (arg_full || !arg_no_pager)
 434                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 435                         else
 436                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 437                 }
 438
 439                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 440         }
 441
 442         if (on_tty()) {
 443                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 444                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 445                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 446                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 447
 448                 if (arg_all)
 449                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 450                 else
 451                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 452         }
 453 }
 454
 455 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 456         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 457         DBusError error;
 458         int r;
 459         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 460         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 461         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 462
 463         dbus_error_init(&error);
 464
 465         assert(bus);
 466
 467         pager_open_if_enabled();
 468
 469         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 470                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 471                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 472                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 473                               "ListUnits"))) {
 474                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 475                 return -ENOMEM;
 476         }
 477
 478         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 479                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 480                 r = -EIO;
 481                 goto finish;
 482         }
 483
 484         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 485             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 486             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 487                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 488                 r = -EIO;
 489                 goto finish;
 490         }
 491
 492         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 493
 494         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 495                 struct unit_info *u;
 496
 497                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 498                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 499                         r = -EIO;
 500                         goto finish;
 501                 }
 502
 503                 if (c >= n_units) {
 504                         struct unit_info *w;
 505
 506                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 507                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 508
 509                         if (!w) {
 510                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 511                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 512                                 goto finish;
 513                         }
 514
 515                         unit_infos = w;
 516                 }
 517
 518                 u = unit_infos+c;
 519
 520                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 521
 522                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 523                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 524                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 525                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 526                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 527                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 528                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 529                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 530                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 531                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 532                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 533                         r = -EIO;
 534                         goto finish;
 535                 }
 536
 537                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 538                 c++;
 539         }
 540
 541         if (c > 0) {
 542                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 543                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 544         }
 545
 546         r = 0;
 547
 548 finish:
 549         if (m)
 550                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 551
 552         if (reply)
 553                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 554
 555         free(unit_infos);
 556
 557         dbus_error_free(&error);
 558
 559         return r;
 560 }
 561
 562 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 563         static const char * const colors[] = {
 564                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 565                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 566                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 567                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 568                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 569                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 570                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 571                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 572         };
 573
 574         const char *c = NULL;
 575         unsigned i;
 576
 577         assert(name);
 578         assert(prop);
 579         assert(iter);
 580
 581         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 582                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 583                         c = colors[i+1];
 584                         break;
 585                 }
 586
 587         if (!c)
 588                 return 0;
 589
 590         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 591                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 592                         return 0;
 593
 594         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 595
 596         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 597
 598                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 599                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 600
 601                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 602
 603                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 604                                 const char *s;
 605
 606                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 607                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 608                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 609
 610                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 611                         }
 612
 613                         return 0;
 614                 }
 615         }
 616
 617         return 0;
 618 }
 619
 620 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 621         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 622         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 623         int r;
 624         DBusError error;
 625         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 626
 627         assert(bus);
 628         assert(path);
 629
 630         dbus_error_init(&error);
 631
 632         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 633                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 634                               path,
 635                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 636                               "GetAll"))) {
 637                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 638                 r = -ENOMEM;
 639                 goto finish;
 640         }
 641
 642         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 643                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 644                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 645                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 646                 r = -ENOMEM;
 647                 goto finish;
 648         }
 649
 650         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 651                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 652                 r = -EIO;
 653                 goto finish;
 654         }
 655
 656         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 657             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 658             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 659                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 660                 r = -EIO;
 661                 goto finish;
 662         }
 663
 664         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 665
 666         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 667                 const char *prop;
 668
 669                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 670                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 671                         r = -EIO;
 672                         goto finish;
 673                 }
 674
 675                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 676
 677                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 678                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 679                         r = -EIO;
 680                         goto finish;
 681                 }
 682
 683                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 684                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 685                         r = -EIO;
 686                         goto finish;
 687                 }
 688
 689                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 690
 691                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 692                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 693                         r = -EIO;
 694                         goto finish;
 695                 }
 696
 697                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 698         }
 699
 700         r = 0;
 701
 702 finish:
 703         if (m)
 704                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 705
 706         if (reply)
 707                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 708
 709         dbus_error_free(&error);
 710
 711         return r;
 712 }
 713
 714 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 715         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 716         DBusError error;
 717         int r;
 718         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 719
 720         dbus_error_init(&error);
 721
 722         assert(bus);
 723
 724         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 725                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 726                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 727                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 728                               "ListUnits"))) {
 729                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 730                 return -ENOMEM;
 731         }
 732
 733         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 734                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 735                 r = -EIO;
 736                 goto finish;
 737         }
 738
 739         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 740             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 741             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 742                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 743                 r = -EIO;
 744                 goto finish;
 745         }
 746
 747         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 748
 749         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 750         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 751                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 752
 753                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 754                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 755                         r = -EIO;
 756                         goto finish;
 757                 }
 758
 759                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 760
 761                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 762                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 763                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 764                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 765                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 766                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 767                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 768                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 769                         r = -EIO;
 770                         goto finish;
 771                 }
 772
 773                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 774                         goto finish;
 775
 776                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 777                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 778         }
 779
 780         printf("}\n");
 781
 782         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 783                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 784                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 785                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 786                  "                 green     = After\n");
 787
 788         if (on_tty())
 789                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 790                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 791
 792         r = 0;
 793
 794 finish:
 795         if (m)
 796                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 797
 798         if (reply)
 799                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 800
 801         dbus_error_free(&error);
 802
 803         return r;
 804 }
 805
 806 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 807         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 808         DBusError error;
 809         int r;
 810         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 811         unsigned k = 0;
 812
 813         dbus_error_init(&error);
 814
 815         assert(bus);
 816
 817         pager_open_if_enabled();
 818
 819         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 820                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 821                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 822                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 823                               "ListJobs"))) {
 824                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 825                 return -ENOMEM;
 826         }
 827
 828         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 829                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 830                 r = -EIO;
 831                 goto finish;
 832         }
 833
 834         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 835             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 836             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 837                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 838                 r = -EIO;
 839                 goto finish;
 840         }
 841
 842         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 843
 844         if (on_tty())
 845                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 846
 847         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 848                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 849                 uint32_t id;
 850                 char *e;
 851
 852                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 853                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 854                         r = -EIO;
 855                         goto finish;
 856                 }
 857
 858                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 859
 860                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 861                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 862                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 863                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 864                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 865                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 866                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 867                         r = -EIO;
 868                         goto finish;
 869                 }
 870
 871                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 872                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 873                 free(e);
 874
 875                 k++;
 876
 877                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 878         }
 879
 880         if (on_tty())
 881                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 882
 883         r = 0;
 884
 885 finish:
 886         if (m)
 887                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 888
 889         if (reply)
 890                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 891
 892         dbus_error_free(&error);
 893
 894         return r;
 895 }
 896
 897 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 898         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 899         DBusError error;
 900         int r;
 901         unsigned i;
 902
 903         dbus_error_init(&error);
 904
 905         assert(bus);
 906         assert(args);
 907
 908         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 909
 910                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 911                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 912                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 913                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 914                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 915                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 916                         r = -ENOMEM;
 917                         goto finish;
 918                 }
 919
 920                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 921                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 922                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 923                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 924                         r = -ENOMEM;
 925                         goto finish;
 926                 }
 927
 928                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 929                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 930                         r = -EIO;
 931                         goto finish;
 932                 }
 933
 934                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 935                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 936
 937                 m = reply = NULL;
 938         }
 939
 940         r = 0;
 941
 942 finish:
 943         if (m)
 944                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 945
 946         if (reply)
 947                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 948
 949         dbus_error_free(&error);
 950
 951         return r;
 952 }
 953
 954 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 955         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 956         DBusError error;
 957         int r;
 958         unsigned i;
 959
 960         dbus_error_init(&error);
 961
 962         assert(bus);
 963         assert(args);
 964
 965         if (n <= 1)
 966                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 967
 968         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 969                 unsigned id;
 970                 const char *path;
 971
 972                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 973                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 974                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 975                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 976                                       "GetJob"))) {
 977                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 978                         r = -ENOMEM;
 979                         goto finish;
 980                 }
 981
 982                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 983                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 984                         goto finish;
 985                 }
 986
 987                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 988                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 989                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 990                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 991                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 992                         r = -ENOMEM;
 993                         goto finish;
 994                 }
 995
 996                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 997                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 998                         r = -EIO;
 999                         goto finish;
1000                 }
1001
1002                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1003                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1004                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1005                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1006                         r = -EIO;
1007                         goto finish;
1008                 }
1009
1010                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1011                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1012                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1013                                       path,
1014                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1015                                       "Cancel"))) {
1016                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1017                         r = -ENOMEM;
1018                         goto finish;
1019                 }
1020
1021                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1022                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1023                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1024                         r = -EIO;
1025                         goto finish;
1026                 }
1027
1028                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1029                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1030                 m = reply = NULL;
1031         }
1032
1033         r = 0;
1034
1035 finish:
1036         if (m)
1037                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1038
1039         if (reply)
1040                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1041
1042         dbus_error_free(&error);
1043
1044         return r;
1045 }
1046
1047 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1048         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1049         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1050         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1051         const char
1052                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1053                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1054                 *path;
1055
1056         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1057
1058         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1059                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1060                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1061                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1062                               "GetUnit")))
1063                 goto finish;
1064
1065         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1066                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1067                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1068                 goto finish;
1069
1070         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1071                 goto finish;
1072
1073         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1074                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1075                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1076                 goto finish;
1077
1078         dbus_message_unref(m);
1079         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1080                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1081                               path,
1082                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1083                               "Get")))
1084                 goto finish;
1085
1086         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1087                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1088                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1089                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1090                 goto finish;
1091         }
1092
1093         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1094         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1095                 goto finish;
1096
1097         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1098             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1099                 goto finish;
1100
1101         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1102
1103         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1104                 goto finish;
1105
1106         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1107
1108 finish:
1109         if (m)
1110                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1111
1112         if (reply)
1113                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1114
1115         return b;
1116 }
1117
1118 typedef struct WaitData {
1119         Set *set;
1120         char *result;
1121 } WaitData;
1122
1123 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1124         DBusError error;
1125         WaitData *d = data;
1126
1127         assert(connection);
1128         assert(message);
1129         assert(d);
1130
1131         dbus_error_init(&error);
1132
1133         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1134                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1135                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1136                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1137
1138         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1139                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1140                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1141
1142         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1143                 uint32_t id;
1144                 const char *path, *result;
1145                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1146
1147                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1148                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1149                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1150                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1151                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1152                         char *p;
1153
1154                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1155                                 free(p);
1156
1157                         if (*result)
1158                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1159
1160                         goto finish;
1161                 }
1162 #ifndef LEGACY
1163                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1164
1165                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1166                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1167                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1168                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1169                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1170                         char *p;
1171
1172                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1173                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1174                          * one day */
1175
1176                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1177                                 free(p);
1178
1179                         if (!success)
1180                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1181
1182                         goto finish;
1183                 }
1184 #endif
1185
1186                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1187         }
1188
1189 finish:
1190         dbus_error_free(&error);
1191         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1192 }
1193
1194 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1195         DBusError error;
1196
1197         assert(bus);
1198
1199         if (private_bus)
1200                 return 0;
1201
1202         dbus_error_init(&error);
1203         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1204                            "type='signal',"
1205                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1206                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1207                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1208                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1209                            &error);
1210
1211         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1212                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1213                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1214                 return -EIO;
1215         }
1216
1217         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1218         return 0;
1219 }
1220
1221 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1222         int r;
1223         WaitData d;
1224
1225         assert(bus);
1226         assert(s);
1227
1228         zero(d);
1229         d.set = s;
1230
1231         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1232                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1233                 r = -ENOMEM;
1234                 goto finish;
1235         }
1236
1237         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1238                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1239                 ;
1240
1241         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1242                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1243                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1244                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1245                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1246                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1247                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system logs for details.");
1248                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1249                         log_error("Job failed. See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1250         }
1251
1252         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1253                 r = -ETIME;
1254         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1255                 r = -ECANCELED;
1256         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1257                 r = -EIO;
1258         else
1259                 r = 0;
1260
1261         free(d.result);
1262
1263 finish:
1264         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1265
1266         return r;
1267 }
1268
1269 static int start_unit_one(
1270                 DBusConnection *bus,
1271                 const char *method,
1272                 const char *name,
1273                 const char *mode,
1274                 DBusError *error,
1275                 Set *s) {
1276
1277         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1278         const char *path;
1279         int r;
1280
1281         assert(bus);
1282         assert(method);
1283         assert(name);
1284         assert(mode);
1285         assert(error);
1286         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1287
1288         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1289                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1290                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1291                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1292                               method))) {
1293                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1294                 r = -ENOMEM;
1295                 goto finish;
1296         }
1297
1298         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1299                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1300                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1301                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1302                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1303                 r = -ENOMEM;
1304                 goto finish;
1305         }
1306
1307         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1308
1309                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1310                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1311                          * legacy actions. */
1312                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1313                         goto finish;
1314                 }
1315
1316                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1317                 r = -EIO;
1318                 goto finish;
1319         }
1320
1321         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1322                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1323                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1324                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1325                 r = -EIO;
1326                 goto finish;
1327         }
1328
1329         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1330                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1331                             arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
1332
1333         if (!arg_no_block) {
1334                 char *p;
1335
1336                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1337                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1338                         r = -ENOMEM;
1339                         goto finish;
1340                 }
1341
1342                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1343                         free(p);
1344                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1345                         goto finish;
1346                 }
1347         }
1348
1349         r = 0;
1350
1351 finish:
1352         if (m)
1353                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1354
1355         if (reply)
1356                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1357
1358         return r;
1359 }
1360
1361 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1362         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1363                 return ACTION_HALT;
1364         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1365                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1366         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1367                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1368         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1369                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1370         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1371                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1372         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1373                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1374         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1375                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1376         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1377                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1378         else
1379                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1380 }
1381
1382 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1383
1384         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1385                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1386                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1387                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1388                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1389                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1390                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1391                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1392                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1393                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1394                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1395                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1396                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET
1397         };
1398
1399         int r, ret = 0;
1400         unsigned i;
1401         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1402         Set *s = NULL;
1403         DBusError error;
1404
1405         dbus_error_init(&error);
1406
1407         assert(bus);
1408
1409         spawn_ask_password_agent();
1410
1411         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1412                 method =
1413                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1414                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1415                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1416                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1417
1418                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1419                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1420
1421                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1422
1423                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1424                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1425
1426                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1427                                                                   "StartUnit";
1428
1429                 mode =
1430                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1431                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1432                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1433
1434                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1435
1436         } else {
1437                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1438                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1439
1440                 method = "StartUnit";
1441
1442                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1443                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1444                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1445                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1446                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1447                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1448
1449                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1450         }
1451
1452         if (!arg_no_block) {
1453                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1454                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1455                         goto finish;
1456                 }
1457
1458                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1459                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1460                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1461                         goto finish;
1462                 }
1463         }
1464
1465         if (one_name) {
1466                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1467                         goto finish;
1468         } else {
1469                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1470                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1471                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1472                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1473                         }
1474         }
1475
1476         if (!arg_no_block)
1477                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1478                         ret = r;
1479                         goto finish;
1480                 }
1481
1482 finish:
1483         if (s)
1484                 set_free_free(s);
1485
1486         dbus_error_free(&error);
1487
1488         return ret;
1489 }
1490
1491 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1492         int r;
1493
1494         assert(bus);
1495         assert(args);
1496
1497         if (arg_force &&
1498             (streq(args[0], "halt") ||
1499              streq(args[0], "poweroff") ||
1500              streq(args[0], "reboot") ||
1501              streq(args[0], "kexec") ||
1502              streq(args[0], "exit")))
1503                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
1504
1505         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1506
1507         if (r >= 0)
1508                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1509
1510         return r;
1511 }
1512
1513 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1514         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1515         const char
1516                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1517                 *property = "ActiveState";
1518         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1519         DBusError error;
1520         unsigned i;
1521
1522         assert(bus);
1523         assert(args);
1524
1525         dbus_error_init(&error);
1526
1527         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1528                 const char *path = NULL;
1529                 const char *state;
1530                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1531
1532                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1533                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1534                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1535                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1536                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1537                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1538                         r = -ENOMEM;
1539                         goto finish;
1540                 }
1541
1542                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1543                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1544                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1545                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1546                         r = -ENOMEM;
1547                         goto finish;
1548                 }
1549
1550                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1551
1552                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1553                         if (!arg_quiet)
1554                                 puts("unknown");
1555
1556                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1557                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1558                         m = NULL;
1559                         continue;
1560                 }
1561
1562                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1563                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1564                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1565                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1566                         r = -EIO;
1567                         goto finish;
1568                 }
1569
1570                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1571                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1572                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1573                                       path,
1574                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1575                                       "Get"))) {
1576                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1577                         r = -ENOMEM;
1578                         goto finish;
1579                 }
1580
1581                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1582                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1583                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1584                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1585                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1586                         r = -ENOMEM;
1587                         goto finish;
1588                 }
1589
1590                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1591                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1592                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1593                         r = -EIO;
1594                         goto finish;
1595                 }
1596
1597                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1598                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1599                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1600                         r = -EIO;
1601                         goto finish;
1602                 }
1603
1604                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1605
1606                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1607                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1608                         r = -EIO;
1609                         goto finish;
1610                 }
1611
1612                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1613
1614                 if (!arg_quiet)
1615                         puts(state);
1616
1617                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1618                         r = 0;
1619
1620                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1621                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1622                 m = reply = NULL;
1623         }
1624
1625 finish:
1626         if (m)
1627                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1628
1629         if (reply)
1630                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1631
1632         dbus_error_free(&error);
1633
1634         return r;
1635 }
1636
1637 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1638         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1639         int r = 0;
1640         DBusError error;
1641         unsigned i;
1642
1643         assert(bus);
1644         assert(args);
1645
1646         dbus_error_init(&error);
1647
1648         if (!arg_kill_who)
1649                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1650
1651         if (!arg_kill_mode)
1652                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
1653
1654         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1655
1656                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1657                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1658                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1659                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1660                                       "KillUnit"))) {
1661                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1662                         r = -ENOMEM;
1663                         goto finish;
1664                 }
1665
1666                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1667                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1668                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1669                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
1670                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1671                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1672                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1673                         r = -ENOMEM;
1674                         goto finish;
1675                 }
1676
1677                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1678                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1679                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1680                         r = -EIO;
1681                 }
1682
1683                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1684
1685                 if (reply)
1686                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1687                 m = reply = NULL;
1688         }
1689
1690 finish:
1691         if (m)
1692                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1693
1694         if (reply)
1695                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1696
1697         dbus_error_free(&error);
1698
1699         return r;
1700 }
1701
1702 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1703         char *name;
1704
1705         char *path;
1706         char **argv;
1707
1708         bool ignore;
1709
1710         usec_t start_timestamp;
1711         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1712         pid_t pid;
1713         int code;
1714         int status;
1715
1716         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1717 } ExecStatusInfo;
1718
1719 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1720         assert(i);
1721
1722         free(i->name);
1723         free(i->path);
1724         strv_free(i->argv);
1725         free(i);
1726 }
1727
1728 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1729         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
1730         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1731         const char*path;
1732         unsigned n;
1733         uint32_t pid;
1734         int32_t code, status;
1735         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1736
1737         assert(i);
1738         assert(i);
1739
1740         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1741                 return -EIO;
1742
1743         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1744
1745         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1746                 return -EIO;
1747
1748         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1749                 return -ENOMEM;
1750
1751         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1752             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1753                 return -EIO;
1754
1755         n = 0;
1756         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1757         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1758                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1759                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1760                 n++;
1761         }
1762
1763
1764         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1765                 return -ENOMEM;
1766
1767         n = 0;
1768         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1769         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1770                 const char *s;
1771
1772                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1773                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1774                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1775
1776                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1777                         return -ENOMEM;
1778         }
1779
1780         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1781             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1782             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1783             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1784             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1785             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
1786             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1787             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1788             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1789                 return -EIO;
1790
1791         i->ignore = ignore;
1792         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1793         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1794         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1795         i->code = code;
1796         i->status = status;
1797
1798         return 0;
1799 }
1800
1801 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1802         const char *id;
1803         const char *load_state;
1804         const char *active_state;
1805         const char *sub_state;
1806
1807         const char *description;
1808         const char *following;
1809
1810         const char *path;
1811         const char *default_control_group;
1812
1813         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1814         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1815         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1816         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1817
1818         bool need_daemon_reload;
1819
1820         /* Service */
1821         pid_t main_pid;
1822         pid_t control_pid;
1823         const char *status_text;
1824         bool running:1;
1825 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1826         bool is_sysv:1;
1827 #endif
1828
1829         usec_t start_timestamp;
1830         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1831
1832         int exit_code, exit_status;
1833
1834         usec_t condition_timestamp;
1835         bool condition_result;
1836
1837         /* Socket */
1838         unsigned n_accepted;
1839         unsigned n_connections;
1840         bool accept;
1841
1842         /* Device */
1843         const char *sysfs_path;
1844
1845         /* Mount, Automount */
1846         const char *where;
1847
1848         /* Swap */
1849         const char *what;
1850
1851         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1852 } UnitStatusInfo;
1853
1854 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1855         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1856         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1857         usec_t timestamp;
1858         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1859         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1860
1861         assert(i);
1862
1863         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1864          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1865
1866         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1867
1868         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1869                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1870
1871         printf("\n");
1872
1873         if (i->following)
1874                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
1875
1876         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
1877             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
1878                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1879                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1880         } else
1881                 on = off = "";
1882
1883         if (i->path)
1884                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1885         else
1886                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1887
1888         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1889
1890         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1891                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1892                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1893         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1894                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1895                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1896         } else
1897                 on = off = "";
1898
1899         if (ss)
1900                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1901                        on,
1902                        strna(i->active_state),
1903                        ss,
1904                        off);
1905         else
1906                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1907                        on,
1908                        strna(i->active_state),
1909                        off);
1910
1911         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1912                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1913                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1914                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1915                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1916                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1917
1918         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1919         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1920
1921         if (s1)
1922                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1923         else if (s2)
1924                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
1925         else
1926                 printf("\n");
1927
1928         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
1929                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
1930                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
1931
1932                 if (s1)
1933                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1934                 else if (s2)
1935                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
1936         }
1937
1938         if (i->sysfs_path)
1939                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1940         if (i->where)
1941                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1942         if (i->what)
1943                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1944
1945         if (i->accept)
1946                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1947
1948         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1949                 char *t;
1950                 bool good;
1951
1952                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1953                 if (p->code == 0)
1954                         continue;
1955
1956                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1957                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
1958                 free(t);
1959
1960 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1961                 if (i->is_sysv)
1962                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
1963                 else
1964 #endif
1965                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
1966
1967                 if (!good) {
1968                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
1969                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
1970                 } else
1971                         on = off = "";
1972
1973                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1974
1975                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1976                         const char *c;
1977
1978                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1979
1980 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1981                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1982 #else
1983                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1984 #endif
1985                                 printf("/%s", c);
1986
1987                 } else
1988                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1989
1990                 printf(")%s\n", off);
1991
1992                 on = off = NULL;
1993
1994                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1995                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1996                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1997                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1998                         i->main_pid = 0;
1999
2000                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2001                         i->control_pid = 0;
2002         }
2003
2004         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2005                 printf("\t");
2006
2007                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2008                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2009
2010                         if (i->running) {
2011                                 char *t = NULL;
2012                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
2013                                 if (t) {
2014                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2015                                         free(t);
2016                                 }
2017                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2018                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2019
2020                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2021                                         const char *c;
2022
2023                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2024
2025 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2026                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2027 #else
2028                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2029 #endif
2030                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2031
2032                                 } else
2033                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2034                                 printf(")");
2035                         }
2036                 }
2037
2038                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2039                         printf(";");
2040
2041                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2042                         char *t = NULL;
2043
2044                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2045
2046                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
2047                         if (t) {
2048                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2049                                 free(t);
2050                         }
2051                 }
2052
2053                 printf("\n");
2054         }
2055
2056         if (i->status_text)
2057                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2058
2059         if (i->default_control_group) {
2060                 unsigned c;
2061
2062                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2063
2064                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2065                         if ((c = columns()) > 18)
2066                                 c -= 18;
2067                         else
2068                                 c = 0;
2069
2070                         show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
2071                 }
2072         }
2073
2074         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2075                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2076                        ansi_highlight(true),
2077                        ansi_highlight(false),
2078                        arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
2079 }
2080
2081 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2082
2083         assert(name);
2084         assert(iter);
2085         assert(i);
2086
2087         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2088
2089         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2090                 const char *s;
2091
2092                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2093
2094                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2095                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2096                                 i->id = s;
2097                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2098                                 i->load_state = s;
2099                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2100                                 i->active_state = s;
2101                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2102                                 i->sub_state = s;
2103                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2104                                 i->description = s;
2105                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2106                                 i->path = s;
2107 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2108                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2109                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2110                                 i->path = s;
2111                         }
2112 #endif
2113                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2114                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2115                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2116                                 i->status_text = s;
2117                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2118                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2119                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2120                                 i->where = s;
2121                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2122                                 i->what = s;
2123                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2124                                 i->following = s;
2125                 }
2126
2127                 break;
2128         }
2129
2130         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2131                 dbus_bool_t b;
2132
2133                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2134
2135                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2136                         i->accept = b;
2137                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2138                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2139                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2140                         i->condition_result = b;
2141
2142                 break;
2143         }
2144
2145         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2146                 uint32_t u;
2147
2148                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2149
2150                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2151                         if (u > 0) {
2152                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2153                                 i->running = true;
2154                         }
2155                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2156                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2157                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2158                         if (u > 0)
2159                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2160                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2161                         i->n_accepted = u;
2162                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2163                         i->n_connections = u;
2164
2165                 break;
2166         }
2167
2168         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2169                 int32_t j;
2170
2171                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2172
2173                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2174                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2175                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2176                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2177
2178                 break;
2179         }
2180
2181         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2182                 uint64_t u;
2183
2184                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2185
2186                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2187                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2188                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2189                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2190                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2191                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2192                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2193                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2194                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2195                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2196                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2197                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2198                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2199                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2200
2201                 break;
2202         }
2203
2204         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2205
2206                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2207                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2208                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2209
2210                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2211                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2212                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2213                                 int r;
2214
2215                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2216                                         return -ENOMEM;
2217
2218                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2219                                         free(info);
2220                                         return -ENOMEM;
2221                                 }
2222
2223                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2224                                         free(info);
2225                                         return r;
2226                                 }
2227
2228                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2229
2230                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2231                         }
2232                 }
2233
2234                 break;
2235         }
2236         }
2237
2238         return 0;
2239 }
2240
2241 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2242         assert(name);
2243         assert(iter);
2244
2245         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2246          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2247
2248         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2249                 return 0;
2250
2251         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2252
2253         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2254                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2255                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2256
2257                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2258                         uint32_t u;
2259
2260                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2261
2262                         if (u)
2263                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2264                         else if (arg_all)
2265                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2266
2267                         return 0;
2268                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2269                         const char *s;
2270
2271                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2272
2273                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2274                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2275
2276                         return 0;
2277                 }
2278
2279                 break;
2280         }
2281
2282         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2283
2284                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2285                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2286
2287                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2288                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2289                                 const char *path;
2290                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2291
2292                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2293
2294                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2295                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2296                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2297
2298                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2299                         }
2300
2301                         return 0;
2302
2303                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2304                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2305
2306                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2307                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2308                                 const char *type, *path;
2309
2310                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2311
2312                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2313                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2314                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2315
2316                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2317                         }
2318
2319                         return 0;
2320
2321                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2322                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2323
2324                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2325                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2326                                 const char *base;
2327                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2328
2329                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2330
2331                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2332                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2333                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2334                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2335
2336                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2337                                                base,
2338                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2339                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2340                                 }
2341
2342                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2343                         }
2344
2345                         return 0;
2346
2347                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2348                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2349
2350                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2351                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2352                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2353
2354                                 zero(info);
2355                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2356                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2357                                         char *t;
2358
2359                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2360
2361                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2362                                                name,
2363                                                strna(info.path),
2364                                                strna(t),
2365                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2366                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2367                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2368                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2369                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2370                                                info.status,
2371                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2372                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2373
2374                                         free(t);
2375                                 }
2376
2377                                 free(info.path);
2378                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2379
2380                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2381                         }
2382
2383                         return 0;
2384                 }
2385
2386                 break;
2387         }
2388
2389         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
2390                 return 0;
2391
2392         if (arg_all)
2393                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2394
2395         return 0;
2396 }
2397
2398 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2399         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2400         const char *interface = "";
2401         int r;
2402         DBusError error;
2403         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2404         UnitStatusInfo info;
2405         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2406
2407         assert(bus);
2408         assert(path);
2409         assert(new_line);
2410
2411         zero(info);
2412         dbus_error_init(&error);
2413
2414         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2415                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2416                               path,
2417                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2418                               "GetAll"))) {
2419                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2420                 r = -ENOMEM;
2421                 goto finish;
2422         }
2423
2424         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2425                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2426                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2427                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2428                 r = -ENOMEM;
2429                 goto finish;
2430         }
2431
2432         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2433                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2434                 r = -EIO;
2435                 goto finish;
2436         }
2437
2438         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2439             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2440             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2441                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2442                 r = -EIO;
2443                 goto finish;
2444         }
2445
2446         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2447
2448         if (*new_line)
2449                 printf("\n");
2450
2451         *new_line = true;
2452
2453         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2454                 const char *name;
2455
2456                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2457                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2458                         r = -EIO;
2459                         goto finish;
2460                 }
2461
2462                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2463
2464                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2465                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2466                         r = -EIO;
2467                         goto finish;
2468                 }
2469
2470                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2471                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2472                         r = -EIO;
2473                         goto finish;
2474                 }
2475
2476                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2477
2478                 if (show_properties)
2479                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2480                 else
2481                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2482
2483                 if (r < 0) {
2484                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2485                         r = -EIO;
2486                         goto finish;
2487                 }
2488
2489                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2490         }
2491
2492         r = 0;
2493
2494         if (!show_properties)
2495                 print_status_info(&info);
2496
2497         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2498             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2499             streq(verb, "status"))
2500                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2501                 r = 3;
2502
2503         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2504                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2505                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2506         }
2507
2508 finish:
2509         if (m)
2510                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2511
2512         if (reply)
2513                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2514
2515         dbus_error_free(&error);
2516
2517         return r;
2518 }
2519
2520 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2521         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2522         int r, ret = 0;
2523         DBusError error;
2524         unsigned i;
2525         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2526
2527         assert(bus);
2528         assert(args);
2529
2530         dbus_error_init(&error);
2531
2532         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2533
2534         if (show_properties)
2535                 pager_open_if_enabled();
2536
2537         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2538                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2539                  * itself */
2540
2541                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2542                 goto finish;
2543         }
2544
2545         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2546                 const char *path = NULL;
2547                 uint32_t id;
2548
2549                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2550
2551                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2552
2553                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2554                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2555                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2556                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2557                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2558                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2559                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2560                                 goto finish;
2561                         }
2562
2563                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2564                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2565                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2566                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2567                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2568                                 goto finish;
2569                         }
2570
2571                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2572
2573                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2574                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2575                                         ret = -EIO;
2576                                         goto finish;
2577                                 }
2578
2579                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2580
2581                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2582                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2583                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2584                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2585                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2586                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2587                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2588                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2589                                         goto finish;
2590                                 }
2591
2592                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2593                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2594                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2595                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2596                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2597                                         goto finish;
2598                                 }
2599
2600                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2601                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2602
2603                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2604                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2605                                         else
2606                                                 ret = -EIO;
2607                                         goto finish;
2608                                 }
2609                         }
2610
2611                 } else if (show_properties) {
2612
2613                         /* Interpret as job id */
2614
2615                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2616                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2617                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2618                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2619                                               "GetJob"))) {
2620                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2621                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2622                                 goto finish;
2623                         }
2624
2625                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2626                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2627                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2628                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2629                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2630                                 goto finish;
2631                         }
2632
2633                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2634                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2635                                 ret = -EIO;
2636                                 goto finish;
2637                         }
2638                 } else {
2639
2640                         /* Interpret as PID */
2641
2642                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2643                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2644                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2645                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2646                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2647                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2648                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2649                                 goto finish;
2650                         }
2651
2652                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2653                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2654                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2655                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2656                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2657                                 goto finish;
2658                         }
2659
2660                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2661                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2662                                 ret = -EIO;
2663                                 goto finish;
2664                         }
2665                 }
2666
2667                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2668                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2669                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2670                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2671                         ret = -EIO;
2672                         goto finish;
2673                 }
2674
2675                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2676                         ret = r;
2677
2678                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2679                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2680                 m = reply = NULL;
2681         }
2682
2683 finish:
2684         if (m)
2685                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2686
2687         if (reply)
2688                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2689
2690         dbus_error_free(&error);
2691
2692         return ret;
2693 }
2694
2695 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2696         DBusError error;
2697         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2698
2699         assert(connection);
2700         assert(message);
2701
2702         dbus_error_init(&error);
2703
2704         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2705                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2706                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2707                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2708
2709         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2710                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2711                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2712
2713         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2714                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2715                 const char *id, *path;
2716
2717                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2718                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2719                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2720                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2721                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2722                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2723                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2724                 else
2725                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2726
2727         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew")) {
2728                 uint32_t id;
2729                 const char *path;
2730
2731                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2732                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2733                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2734                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2735                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2736                 else
2737                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2738
2739
2740         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2741                 uint32_t id;
2742                 const char *path, *result;
2743
2744                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2745                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2746                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2747                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
2748                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2749                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2750                 else
2751                         printf("Job %u removed (result=%s).\n", id, result);
2752
2753
2754         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2755
2756                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2757                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2758
2759                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2760
2761                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2762                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2763                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2764                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2765                         goto finish;
2766                 }
2767
2768                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2769                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2770                         goto finish;
2771
2772                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2773                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2774                               path,
2775                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2776                               "Get"))) {
2777                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2778                         goto oom;
2779                 }
2780
2781                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2782                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2783                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2784                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2785                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2786                         goto finish;
2787                 }
2788
2789                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2790                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2791                         goto finish;
2792                 }
2793
2794                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2795                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2796                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2797                         goto finish;
2798                 }
2799
2800                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2801
2802                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2803                         const char *id;
2804
2805                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2806                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2807                                 goto finish;
2808                         }
2809
2810                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2811                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2812                 } else {
2813                         uint32_t id;
2814
2815                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2816                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2817                                 goto finish;
2818                         }
2819
2820                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2821                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2822                 }
2823         }
2824
2825 finish:
2826         if (m)
2827                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2828
2829         if (reply)
2830                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2831
2832         dbus_error_free(&error);
2833         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2834
2835 oom:
2836         if (m)
2837                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2838
2839         if (reply)
2840                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2841
2842         dbus_error_free(&error);
2843         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2844 }
2845
2846 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2847         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2848         DBusError error;
2849         int r;
2850
2851         dbus_error_init(&error);
2852
2853         if (!private_bus) {
2854                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2855                                    "type='signal',"
2856                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2857                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2858                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2859                                    &error);
2860
2861                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2862                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2863                         r = -EIO;
2864                         goto finish;
2865                 }
2866
2867                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2868                                    "type='signal',"
2869                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2870                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2871                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2872                                    &error);
2873
2874                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2875                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2876                         r = -EIO;
2877                         goto finish;
2878                 }
2879         }
2880
2881         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2882                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2883                 r = -ENOMEM;
2884                 goto finish;
2885         }
2886
2887         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2888                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2889                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2890                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2891                               "Subscribe"))) {
2892                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2893                 r = -ENOMEM;
2894                 goto finish;
2895         }
2896
2897         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2898                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2899                 r = -EIO;
2900                 goto finish;
2901         }
2902
2903         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2904                 ;
2905
2906         r = 0;
2907
2908 finish:
2909
2910         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2911
2912         if (m)
2913                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2914
2915         if (reply)
2916                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2917
2918         dbus_error_free(&error);
2919
2920         return r;
2921 }
2922
2923 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2924         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2925         DBusError error;
2926         int r;
2927         const char *text;
2928
2929         dbus_error_init(&error);
2930
2931         pager_open_if_enabled();
2932
2933         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2934                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2935                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2936                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2937                               "Dump"))) {
2938                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2939                 return -ENOMEM;
2940         }
2941
2942         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2943                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2944                 r = -EIO;
2945                 goto finish;
2946         }
2947
2948         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2949                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2950                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2951                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2952                 r = -EIO;
2953                 goto finish;
2954         }
2955
2956         fputs(text, stdout);
2957
2958         r = 0;
2959
2960 finish:
2961         if (m)
2962                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2963
2964         if (reply)
2965                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2966
2967         dbus_error_free(&error);
2968
2969         return r;
2970 }
2971
2972 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2973         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2974         DBusError error;
2975         int r;
2976         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2977         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2978         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2979         const char
2980                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2981                 *property = "Id";
2982
2983         dbus_error_init(&error);
2984
2985         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2986                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2987                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2988                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2989                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2990                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2991                 return -ENOMEM;
2992         }
2993
2994         if (n > 1)
2995                 name = args[1];
2996
2997         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2998                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2999                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3000                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3001                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3002                 r = -ENOMEM;
3003                 goto finish;
3004         }
3005
3006         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3007                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3008                 r = -EIO;
3009                 goto finish;
3010         }
3011
3012         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3013                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3014                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3015                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3016                 r = -EIO;
3017                 goto finish;
3018         }
3019
3020         dbus_message_unref(m);
3021         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3022                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3023                               path,
3024                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3025                               "Get"))) {
3026                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3027                 return -ENOMEM;
3028         }
3029
3030         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3031                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3032                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3033                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3034                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3035                 r = -ENOMEM;
3036                 goto finish;
3037         }
3038
3039         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3040         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3041                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3042                 r = -EIO;
3043                 goto finish;
3044         }
3045
3046         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3047             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3048                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3049                 r = -EIO;
3050                 goto finish;
3051         }
3052
3053         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3054
3055         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3056                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3057                 r = -EIO;
3058                 goto finish;
3059         }
3060
3061         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3062
3063         if (!arg_quiet)
3064                 puts(id);
3065         r = 0;
3066
3067 finish:
3068         if (m)
3069                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3070
3071         if (reply)
3072                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3073
3074         dbus_error_free(&error);
3075
3076         return r;
3077 }
3078
3079 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3080         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3081         int r;
3082         DBusError error;
3083         unsigned i;
3084
3085         assert(bus);
3086         assert(args);
3087
3088         dbus_error_init(&error);
3089
3090         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3091                 const char *path = NULL;
3092
3093                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3094                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3095                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3096                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3097                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3098                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3099                         r = -ENOMEM;
3100                         goto finish;
3101                 }
3102
3103                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3104                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
3105                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3106                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3107                         r = -ENOMEM;
3108                         goto finish;
3109                 }
3110
3111                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3112                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3113                         r = -EIO;
3114                         goto finish;
3115                 }
3116
3117                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3118                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3119                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3120                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3121                         r = -EIO;
3122                         goto finish;
3123                 }
3124
3125                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3126                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3127                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3128                                       path,
3129                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3130                                       "Remove"))) {
3131                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3132                         r = -ENOMEM;
3133                         goto finish;
3134                 }
3135
3136                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3137                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3138                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3139                         r = -EIO;
3140                         goto finish;
3141                 }
3142
3143                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3144                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3145                 m = reply = NULL;
3146         }
3147
3148         r = 0;
3149
3150 finish:
3151         if (m)
3152                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3153
3154         if (reply)
3155                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3156
3157         dbus_error_free(&error);
3158
3159         return r;
3160 }
3161
3162 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3163         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3164         DBusError error;
3165         int r;
3166         const char *method;
3167
3168         dbus_error_init(&error);
3169
3170         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3171                 method = "Reload";
3172         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3173                 method = "Reexecute";
3174         else {
3175                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3176
3177                 method =
3178                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3179                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3180                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3181                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3182                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3183                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3184                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3185                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3186                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3187                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3188         }
3189
3190         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3191                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3192                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3193                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3194                               method))) {
3195                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3196                 return -ENOMEM;
3197         }
3198
3199         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3200
3201                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3202                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3203                          * legacy actions. */
3204                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3205                         goto finish;
3206                 }
3207
3208                 if (streq(method, "Reexecute") && dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY)) {
3209                         /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3210                          * a reply */
3211                         r = 0;
3212                         goto finish;
3213                 }
3214
3215                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3216                 r = -EIO;
3217                 goto finish;
3218         }
3219
3220         r = 0;
3221
3222 finish:
3223         if (m)
3224                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3225
3226         if (reply)
3227                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3228
3229         dbus_error_free(&error);
3230
3231         return r;
3232 }
3233
3234 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3235         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3236         unsigned i;
3237         int r;
3238         DBusError error;
3239
3240         assert(bus);
3241         dbus_error_init(&error);
3242
3243         if (n <= 1)
3244                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3245
3246         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3247
3248                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3249                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3250                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3251                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3252                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3253                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3254                         r = -ENOMEM;
3255                         goto finish;
3256                 }
3257
3258                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3259                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3260                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3261                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3262                         r = -ENOMEM;
3263                         goto finish;
3264                 }
3265
3266                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3267                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3268                         r = -EIO;
3269                         goto finish;
3270                 }
3271
3272                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3273                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3274                 m = reply = NULL;
3275         }
3276
3277         r = 0;
3278
3279 finish:
3280         if (m)
3281                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3282
3283         if (reply)
3284                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3285
3286         dbus_error_free(&error);
3287
3288         return r;
3289 }
3290
3291 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3292         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3293         DBusError error;
3294         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3295         int r;
3296         const char
3297                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3298                 *property = "Environment";
3299
3300         dbus_error_init(&error);
3301
3302         pager_open_if_enabled();
3303
3304         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3305                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3306                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3307                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3308                               "Get"))) {
3309                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3310                 return -ENOMEM;
3311         }
3312
3313         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3314                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3315                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3316                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3317                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3318                 r = -ENOMEM;
3319                 goto finish;
3320         }
3321
3322         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3323                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3324                 r = -EIO;
3325                 goto finish;
3326         }
3327
3328         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3329             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3330                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3331                 r = -EIO;
3332                 goto finish;
3333         }
3334
3335         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3336
3337         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3338             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3339                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3340                 r = -EIO;
3341                 goto finish;
3342         }
3343
3344         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3345
3346         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3347                 const char *text;
3348
3349                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3350                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3351                         r = -EIO;
3352                         goto finish;
3353                 }
3354
3355                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3356                 printf("%s\n", text);
3357
3358                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3359         }
3360
3361         r = 0;
3362
3363 finish:
3364         if (m)
3365                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3366
3367         if (reply)
3368                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3369
3370         dbus_error_free(&error);
3371
3372         return r;
3373 }
3374
3375 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3376         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3377         DBusError error;
3378         int r;
3379         const char *method;
3380         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3381         unsigned i;
3382
3383         dbus_error_init(&error);
3384
3385         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3386                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3387                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3388
3389         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3390                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3391                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3392                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3393                               method))) {
3394
3395                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3396                 return -ENOMEM;
3397         }
3398
3399         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3400
3401         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3402                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3403                 r = -ENOMEM;
3404                 goto finish;
3405         }
3406
3407         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3408                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3409                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3410                         r = -ENOMEM;
3411                         goto finish;
3412                 }
3413
3414         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3415                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3416                 r = -ENOMEM;
3417                 goto finish;
3418         }
3419
3420         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3421                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3422                 r = -EIO;
3423                 goto finish;
3424         }
3425
3426         r = 0;
3427
3428 finish:
3429         if (m)
3430                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3431
3432         if (reply)
3433                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3434
3435         dbus_error_free(&error);
3436
3437         return r;
3438 }
3439
3440 typedef struct {
3441         char *name;
3442         char *path;
3443
3444         char **aliases;
3445         char **wanted_by;
3446 } InstallInfo;
3447
3448 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3449 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3450 static unsigned n_symlinks = 0;
3451
3452 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3453         assert(i);
3454
3455         free(i->name);
3456         free(i->path);
3457         strv_free(i->aliases);
3458         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3459         free(i);
3460 }
3461
3462 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3463         InstallInfo *i;
3464
3465         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3466                 install_info_free(i);
3467
3468         hashmap_free(m);
3469 }
3470
3471 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3472         InstallInfo *i;
3473         int r;
3474
3475         assert(will_install);
3476
3477         if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, true)) {
3478                 log_warning("Unit name %s is not a valid unit name.", name);
3479                 return -EINVAL;
3480         }
3481
3482         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3483             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3484                 return 0;
3485
3486         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3487                 r = -ENOMEM;
3488                 goto fail;
3489         }
3490
3491         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3492                 r = -ENOMEM;
3493                 goto fail;
3494         }
3495
3496         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3497                 goto fail;
3498
3499         return 0;
3500
3501 fail:
3502         if (i)
3503                 install_info_free(i);
3504
3505         return r;
3506 }
3507
3508 static int config_parse_also(
3509                 const char *filename,
3510                 unsigned line,
3511                 const char *section,
3512                 const char *lvalue,
3513                 int ltype,
3514                 const char *rvalue,
3515                 void *data,
3516                 void *userdata) {
3517
3518         char *w;
3519         size_t l;
3520         char *state;
3521
3522         assert(filename);
3523         assert(lvalue);
3524         assert(rvalue);
3525
3526         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3527                 char *n;
3528                 int r;
3529
3530                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3531                         return -ENOMEM;
3532
3533                 if ((r = install_info_add(n)) < 0) {
3534                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", n, strerror(-r));
3535                         free(n);
3536                         return r;
3537                 }
3538
3539                 free(n);
3540         }
3541
3542         return 0;
3543 }
3544
3545 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3546         char *n;
3547         int r;
3548
3549         assert(p);
3550         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3551
3552         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3553                 return 0;
3554
3555         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3556                 return -ENOMEM;
3557
3558         path_kill_slashes(n);
3559
3560         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3561                 free(n);
3562                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3563         }
3564
3565         return 0;
3566 }
3567
3568 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3569         int r = 0;
3570         DIR *d;
3571         struct dirent *de;
3572
3573         assert(fd >= 0);
3574         assert(root);
3575         assert(deleted);
3576
3577         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3578                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3579                 return -errno;
3580         }
3581
3582         rewinddir(d);
3583
3584         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3585                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3586
3587                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3588                         continue;
3589
3590                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3591                         is_link = true;
3592                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3593                         is_dir = true;
3594                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3595                         struct stat st;
3596
3597                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3598                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3599
3600                                 if (r == 0)
3601                                         r = -errno;
3602                                 continue;
3603                         }
3604
3605                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3606                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3607                 } else
3608                         continue;
3609
3610                 if (is_dir) {
3611                         int nfd, q;
3612                         char *p;
3613
3614                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3615                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3616
3617                                 if (r == 0)
3618                                         r = -errno;
3619                                 continue;
3620                         }
3621
3622                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3623                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3624                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3625                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3626                                 break;
3627                         }
3628
3629                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3630                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3631                         free(p);
3632
3633                         if (r == 0)
3634                                 r = q;
3635
3636                 } else if (is_link) {
3637                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3638                         int q;
3639
3640                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3641                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3642                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3643                                 break;
3644                         }
3645
3646                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3647                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3648                                 free(p);
3649
3650                                 if (r == 0)
3651                                         r = q;
3652                                 continue;
3653                         }
3654
3655                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3656                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3657                                  * is already removed */
3658
3659                                 free(dest);
3660                                 dest = c;
3661                         }
3662
3663                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3664                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3665
3666                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3667                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3668
3669                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3670                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3671
3672                                         if (r == 0)
3673                                                 r = -errno;
3674                                 } else {
3675                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3676                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3677
3678                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3679
3680                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3681                                                         if (r == 0)
3682                                                                 r = q;
3683                                                 } else
3684                                                         *deleted = true;
3685                                         }
3686                                 }
3687                         }
3688
3689                         free(p);
3690                         free(dest);
3691                 }
3692         }
3693
3694         closedir(d);
3695
3696         return r;
3697 }
3698
3699 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3700         int fd, r = 0;
3701         bool deleted;
3702
3703         assert(config_path);
3704
3705         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3706                 return 0;
3707
3708         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3709                 return -errno;
3710
3711         do {
3712                 int q, cfd;
3713                 deleted = false;
3714
3715                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3716                         r = -errno;
3717                         break;
3718                 }
3719
3720                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3721                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3722                         if (r == 0)
3723                                 r = q;
3724                 }
3725         } while (deleted);
3726
3727         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3728
3729         return r;
3730 }
3731
3732 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *orig_old_path, const char *new_path) {
3733         int r;
3734         const char *old_path;
3735
3736         if (arg_root)
3737                 old_path = orig_old_path+strlen(arg_root);
3738         else
3739                 old_path = orig_old_path;
3740
3741         assert(old_path);
3742         assert(new_path);
3743         assert(verb);
3744
3745         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3746                 char *dest;
3747
3748                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3749
3750                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3751
3752                         if (!arg_quiet)
3753                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3754
3755                         return 0;
3756                 }
3757
3758                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3759                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3760                         return -errno;
3761                 }
3762
3763                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3764
3765                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3766                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3767                                 return -EEXIST;
3768                         }
3769
3770                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3771                         return r;
3772                 }
3773
3774                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3775                         free(dest);
3776                         return 0;
3777                 }
3778
3779                 if (!arg_force) {
3780                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3781                         free(dest);
3782                         return -EEXIST;
3783                 }
3784
3785                 free(dest);
3786                 unlink(new_path);
3787
3788                 if (!arg_quiet)
3789                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3790
3791                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3792                         return 0;
3793
3794                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3795                 return -errno;
3796
3797         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3798                 char *dest;
3799
3800                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3801                         return r;
3802
3803                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3804                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3805                                 return 0;
3806
3807                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3808                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3809                                 return 0;
3810                         }
3811
3812                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3813                         return r;
3814                 }
3815
3816                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3817                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3818                         free(dest);
3819                         return 0;
3820                 }
3821
3822                 free(dest);
3823
3824                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3825                         return r;
3826
3827                 if (!arg_quiet)
3828                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3829
3830                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3831                         return 0;
3832
3833                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3834                 return -errno;
3835
3836         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3837                 char *dest;
3838
3839                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3840
3841                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3842                                 return 0;
3843
3844                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3845                         return r;
3846                 }
3847
3848                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3849                         free(dest);
3850                         return 1;
3851                 }
3852
3853                 free(dest);
3854                 return 0;
3855         }
3856
3857         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3858 }
3859
3860 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3861         char **s;
3862         char *alias_path = NULL;
3863         int r;
3864
3865         assert(verb);
3866         assert(i);
3867         assert(config_path);
3868
3869         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3870
3871                 free(alias_path);
3872                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3873                         log_error("Out of memory");
3874                         r = -ENOMEM;
3875                         goto finish;
3876                 }
3877
3878                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3879                         goto finish;
3880
3881                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3882                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3883         }
3884         r = 0;
3885
3886 finish:
3887         free(alias_path);
3888
3889         return r;
3890 }
3891
3892 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3893         char **s;
3894         char *alias_path = NULL;
3895         int r;
3896
3897         assert(verb);
3898         assert(i);
3899         assert(config_path);
3900
3901         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3902                 if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(*s, true)) {
3903                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3904                         r = -EINVAL;
3905                         goto finish;
3906                 }
3907
3908                 free(alias_path);
3909                 alias_path = NULL;
3910
3911                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3912                         log_error("Out of memory");
3913                         r = -ENOMEM;
3914                         goto finish;
3915                 }
3916
3917                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3918                         goto finish;
3919
3920                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3921                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3922         }
3923
3924         r = 0;
3925
3926 finish:
3927         free(alias_path);
3928
3929         return r;
3930 }
3931
3932 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3933
3934         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3935                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, 0, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3936                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, 0, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3937                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, 0, NULL,          "Install" },
3938
3939                 { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL }
3940         };
3941
3942         char **p;
3943         char *filename = NULL;
3944         FILE *f = NULL;
3945         int r;
3946
3947         assert(paths);
3948         assert(i);
3949
3950         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3951                 int fd;
3952                 char *path, *should_free;
3953
3954                 if (arg_root)
3955                         should_free = path = strappend(arg_root, *p);
3956                 else {
3957                         should_free = NULL;
3958                         path = *p;
3959                 }
3960
3961                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, path))) {
3962                         log_error("Out of memory");
3963                         return -ENOMEM;
3964                 }
3965
3966                 if (should_free)
3967                         free(should_free);
3968
3969                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3970                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3971                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3972                                 break;
3973
3974                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3975                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3976                         free(filename);
3977                         return -errno;
3978                 }
3979
3980                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3981                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3982                         free(filename);
3983                         return -errno;
3984                 }
3985
3986                 free(filename);
3987                 filename = NULL;
3988         }
3989
3990         if (!f) {
3991 #if (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA) || defined(TARGET_SUSE) || defined(TARGET_MEEGO) || defined(TARGET_ALTLINUX)) && defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT)
3992
3993                 if (endswith(i->name, ".service")) {
3994                         char *sysv;
3995                         bool exists;
3996
3997                         if (asprintf(&sysv, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", i->name) < 0) {
3998                                 log_error("Out of memory");
3999                                 return -ENOMEM;
4000                         }
4001
4002                         sysv[strlen(sysv) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
4003                         if (arg_root) {
4004                                 char *tmp_path;
4005
4006                                 tmp_path = strappend (arg_root, sysv);
4007                                 exists = access (tmp_path, F_OK) >= 0;
4008                                 free (tmp_path);
4009                         } else
4010                                 exists = access(sysv, F_OK) >= 0;
4011
4012                         if (exists) {
4013                                 pid_t pid;
4014                                 siginfo_t status;
4015
4016                                 const char *argv[] = {
4017                                         "/sbin/chkconfig",
4018                                         NULL,
4019                                         NULL,
4020                                         NULL,
4021                                         NULL
4022                                 };
4023
4024                                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", i->name);
4025
4026                                 argv[1] = file_name_from_path(sysv);
4027                                 argv[2] =
4028                                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
4029                                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
4030                                 if (arg_root)
4031                                         argv[3] = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
4032
4033                                 log_info("Executing %s %s %s %s", argv[0], argv[1], strempty(argv[2]), strempty(argv[3]));
4034
4035                                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
4036                                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
4037                                         free(sysv);
4038                                         return -errno;
4039                                 } else if (pid == 0) {
4040                                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
4041                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4042                                 }
4043
4044                                 free(sysv);
4045
4046                                 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
4047                                         return r;
4048
4049                                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
4050
4051                                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4052                                                 return status.si_status == 0 ? 1 : 0;
4053
4054                                         if (status.si_status == 0)
4055                                                 n_symlinks ++;
4056
4057                                         return status.si_status == 0 ? 0 : -EINVAL;
4058
4059                                 } else
4060                                         return -EPROTO;
4061                         }
4062
4063                         free(sysv);
4064                 }
4065
4066 #endif
4067
4068                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
4069                 return -ENOENT;
4070         }
4071
4072         i->path = filename;
4073
4074         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
4075                 fclose(f);
4076                 return r;
4077         }
4078
4079         /* Consider unit files stored in /lib and /usr always enabled
4080          * if they have no [Install] data. */
4081         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled") &&
4082             strv_isempty(i->aliases) &&
4083             strv_isempty(i->wanted_by) &&
4084             !path_startswith(filename, "/etc")) {
4085                 fclose(f);
4086                 return 1;
4087         }
4088
4089         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->aliases);
4090         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->wanted_by);
4091
4092         fclose(f);
4093
4094         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4095                 return r;
4096
4097         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4098                 return r;
4099
4100         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
4101                 return r;
4102
4103         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
4104                 return r;
4105
4106         return 0;
4107 }
4108
4109 static char *get_config_path(void) {
4110         char *ret;
4111
4112         if (arg_user && arg_global)
4113                 ret = strdup(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4114
4115         if (arg_user) {
4116                 if (user_config_home(&ret) < 0)
4117                         return NULL;
4118         }
4119
4120         ret = strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4121         if (arg_root) {
4122                 char *p;
4123                 p = strappend (arg_root, ret);
4124                 free (ret);
4125                 return p;
4126         } else
4127                 return ret;
4128 }
4129
4130 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
4131         DBusError error;
4132         int r;
4133         LookupPaths paths;
4134         char *config_path = NULL;
4135         unsigned j;
4136         InstallInfo *i;
4137         const char *verb = args[0];
4138
4139         dbus_error_init(&error);
4140
4141         zero(paths);
4142         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_user ? MANAGER_USER : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
4143                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
4144                 goto finish;
4145         }
4146
4147         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
4148                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
4149                 r = -ENOMEM;
4150                 goto finish;
4151         }
4152
4153         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4154         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4155
4156         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
4157                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
4158                 r = -ENOMEM;
4159                 goto finish;
4160         }
4161
4162         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
4163                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
4164                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
4165                         r = -ENOMEM;
4166                         goto finish;
4167                 }
4168
4169         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
4170                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0) {
4171                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", args[j], strerror(-r));
4172                         goto finish;
4173                 }
4174
4175         r = 0;
4176
4177         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
4178                 int q;
4179
4180                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
4181
4182                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
4183
4184                         if (q < 0) {
4185                                 if (r == 0)
4186                                         r = q;
4187                                 goto finish;
4188                         }
4189
4190                         /* In test mode and found something */
4191                         r = 1;
4192                         break;
4193                 }
4194         }
4195
4196         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4197                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
4198         else {
4199                 if (n_symlinks <= 0)
4200                         log_warning("Unit files contain no applicable installation information. Ignoring.");
4201
4202                 if (bus &&
4203                     /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
4204                     !arg_no_reload &&
4205                     /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
4206                     !arg_global &&
4207                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
4208                     (arg_user || sd_booted() > 0) &&
4209                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
4210                     (arg_user || running_in_chroot() <= 0 || arg_root) ) {
4211                         int q;
4212
4213                         if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
4214                                 r = q;
4215                 }
4216         }
4217
4218 finish:
4219         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
4220         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
4221
4222         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
4223
4224         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
4225
4226         free(config_path);
4227
4228         return r;
4229 }
4230
4231 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4232
4233         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4234                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
4235                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4236                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4237                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4238                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4239                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4240                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4241                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4242                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4243                "                      pending\n"
4244                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4245                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4246                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4247                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4248                "  -H --host=[user@]host\n"
4249                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
4250                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
4251                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4252                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4253                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4254                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4255                "                      configuration\n"
4256                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
4257                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4258                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4259                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4260                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4261                "     --root=path      Use <root> as the root file system\n"
4262                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4263                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4264                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4265                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4266                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4267                "     --defaults       When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
4268                "Commands:\n"
4269                "  list-units                      List units\n"
4270                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4271                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4272                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4273                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4274                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4275                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4276                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4277                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4278                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4279                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4280                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4281                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4282                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4283                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4284                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4285                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4286                "                                  units\n"
4287                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4288                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4289                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
4290                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
4291                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4292                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
4293                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
4294                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4295                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
4296                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4297                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
4298                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4299                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
4300                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4301                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4302                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
4303                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4304                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4305                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4306                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4307                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4308                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4309                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4310                "  exit                            Ask for user instance termination\n",
4311                program_invocation_short_name);
4312
4313         return 0;
4314 }
4315
4316 static int halt_help(void) {
4317
4318         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4319                "%s the system.\n\n"
4320                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4321                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4322                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4323                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4324                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4325                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4326                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4327                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4328                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4329                program_invocation_short_name,
4330                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4331                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4332                                                "Halt");
4333
4334         return 0;
4335 }
4336
4337 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4338
4339         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4340                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4341                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4342                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4343                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4344                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4345                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4346                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4347                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4348                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4349                program_invocation_short_name);
4350
4351         return 0;
4352 }
4353
4354 static int telinit_help(void) {
4355
4356         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4357                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4358                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4359                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4360                "Commands:\n"
4361                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4362                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4363                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4364                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4365                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4366                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4367                program_invocation_short_name);
4368
4369         return 0;
4370 }
4371
4372 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4373
4374         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4375                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4376                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4377                program_invocation_short_name);
4378
4379         return 0;
4380 }
4381
4382 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4383
4384         enum {
4385                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4386                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4387                 ARG_VERSION,
4388                 ARG_USER,
4389                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4390                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4391                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4392                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4393                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4394                 ARG_ORDER,
4395                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4396                 ARG_ROOT,
4397                 ARG_FULL,
4398                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4399                 ARG_DEFAULTS,
4400                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4401                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4402                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4403                 ARG_FAILED
4404         };
4405
4406         static const struct option options[] = {
4407                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4408                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4409                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4410                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4411                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4412                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4413                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4414                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4415                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4416                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4417                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4418                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4419                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4420                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4421                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4422                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4423                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4424                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4425                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4426                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'           },
4427                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4428                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4429                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE }, /* undocumented on purpose */
4430                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4431                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4432                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4433                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4434                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4435                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4436         };
4437
4438         int c;
4439
4440         assert(argc >= 0);
4441         assert(argv);
4442
4443         /* Only when running as systemctl we ask for passwords */
4444         arg_ask_password = true;
4445
4446         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:P", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4447
4448                 switch (c) {
4449
4450                 case 'h':
4451                         systemctl_help();
4452                         return 0;
4453
4454                 case ARG_VERSION:
4455                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4456                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4457                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4458                         return 0;
4459
4460                 case 't':
4461                         arg_type = optarg;
4462                         break;
4463
4464                 case 'p': {
4465                         char **l;
4466
4467                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4468                                 return -ENOMEM;
4469
4470                         strv_free(arg_property);
4471                         arg_property = l;
4472
4473                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4474                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4475                          * empty. */
4476                         arg_all = true;
4477                         break;
4478                 }
4479
4480                 case 'a':
4481                         arg_all = true;
4482                         break;
4483
4484                 case ARG_FAIL:
4485                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4486                         break;
4487
4488                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4489                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4490                         break;
4491
4492                 case ARG_USER:
4493                         arg_user = true;
4494                         break;
4495
4496                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4497                         arg_user = false;
4498                         break;
4499
4500                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4501                         arg_no_block = true;
4502                         break;
4503
4504                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4505                         arg_no_pager = true;
4506                         break;
4507
4508                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4509                         arg_no_wall = true;
4510                         break;
4511
4512                 case ARG_ORDER:
4513                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4514                         break;
4515
4516                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4517                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4518                         break;
4519
4520                 case ARG_ROOT:
4521                         arg_root = optarg;
4522                         break;
4523
4524                 case ARG_FULL:
4525                         arg_full = true;
4526                         break;
4527
4528                 case ARG_FAILED:
4529                         arg_failed = true;
4530                         break;
4531
4532                 case 'q':
4533                         arg_quiet = true;
4534                         break;
4535
4536                 case 'f':
4537                         arg_force = true;
4538                         break;
4539
4540                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4541                         arg_no_reload = true;
4542                         break;
4543
4544                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4545                         arg_global = true;
4546                         arg_user = true;
4547                         break;
4548
4549                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4550                         arg_defaults = true;
4551                         break;
4552
4553                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4554                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4555                         break;
4556
4557                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4558                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4559                         break;
4560
4561                 case 's':
4562                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4563                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4564                                 return -EINVAL;
4565                         }
4566                         break;
4567
4568                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4569                         arg_ask_password = false;
4570                         break;
4571
4572                 case 'P':
4573                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4574                         break;
4575
4576                 case 'H':
4577                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4578                         arg_host = optarg;
4579                         break;
4580
4581                 case '?':
4582                         return -EINVAL;
4583
4584                 default:
4585                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4586                         return -EINVAL;
4587                 }
4588         }
4589
4590         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_user) {
4591                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4592                 return -EINVAL;
4593         }
4594
4595         return 1;
4596 }
4597
4598 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4599
4600         enum {
4601                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4602                 ARG_HALT,
4603                 ARG_REBOOT,
4604                 ARG_NO_WALL
4605         };
4606
4607         static const struct option options[] = {
4608                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4609                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4610                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4611                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4612                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4613                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4614                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4615                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4616                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4617                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4618         };
4619
4620         int c, runlevel;
4621
4622         assert(argc >= 0);
4623         assert(argv);
4624
4625         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4626                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4627                         arg_immediate = true;
4628
4629         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4630                 switch (c) {
4631
4632                 case ARG_HELP:
4633                         halt_help();
4634                         return 0;
4635
4636                 case ARG_HALT:
4637                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4638                         break;
4639
4640                 case 'p':
4641                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4642                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4643                         break;
4644
4645                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4646                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4647                         break;
4648
4649                 case 'f':
4650                         arg_immediate = true;
4651                         break;
4652
4653                 case 'w':
4654                         arg_dry = true;
4655                         break;
4656
4657                 case 'd':
4658                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4659                         break;
4660
4661                 case 'n':
4662                         arg_no_sync = true;
4663                         break;
4664
4665                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4666                         arg_no_wall = true;
4667                         break;
4668
4669                 case 'i':
4670                 case 'h':
4671                         /* Compatibility nops */
4672                         break;
4673
4674                 case '?':
4675                         return -EINVAL;
4676
4677                 default:
4678                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4679                         return -EINVAL;
4680                 }
4681         }
4682
4683         if (optind < argc) {
4684                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4685                 return -EINVAL;
4686         }
4687
4688         return 1;
4689 }
4690
4691 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4692         assert(t);
4693         assert(_u);
4694
4695         if (streq(t, "now"))
4696                 *_u = 0;
4697         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4698                 uint64_t u;
4699
4700                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4701                         return -EINVAL;
4702
4703                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4704         } else {
4705                 char *e = NULL;
4706                 long hour, minute;
4707                 struct tm tm;
4708                 time_t s;
4709                 usec_t n;
4710
4711                 errno = 0;
4712                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4713                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4714                         return -EINVAL;
4715
4716                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4717                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4718                         return -EINVAL;
4719
4720                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4721                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4722
4723                 zero(tm);
4724                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4725
4726                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4727                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4728                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4729
4730                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4731
4732                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4733
4734                 while (*_u <= n)
4735                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4736         }
4737
4738         return 0;
4739 }
4740
4741 static bool kexec_loaded(void) {
4742        bool loaded = false;
4743        char *s;
4744
4745        if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) {
4746                if (s[0] == '1')
4747                        loaded = true;
4748                free(s);
4749        }
4750        return loaded;
4751 }
4752
4753 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4754
4755         enum {
4756                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4757                 ARG_NO_WALL
4758         };
4759
4760         static const struct option options[] = {
4761                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4762                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4763                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4764                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4765                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4766                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4767         };
4768
4769         int c, r;
4770
4771         assert(argc >= 0);
4772         assert(argv);
4773
4774         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4775                 switch (c) {
4776
4777                 case ARG_HELP:
4778                         shutdown_help();
4779                         return 0;
4780
4781                 case 'H':
4782                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4783                         break;
4784
4785                 case 'P':
4786                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4787                         break;
4788
4789                 case 'r':
4790                         if (kexec_loaded())
4791                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4792                         else
4793                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4794                         break;
4795
4796                 case 'h':
4797                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4798                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4799                         break;
4800
4801                 case 'k':
4802                         arg_dry = true;
4803                         break;
4804
4805                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4806                         arg_no_wall = true;
4807                         break;
4808
4809                 case 't':
4810                 case 'a':
4811                         /* Compatibility nops */
4812                         break;
4813
4814                 case 'c':
4815                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4816                         break;
4817
4818                 case '?':
4819                         return -EINVAL;
4820
4821                 default:
4822                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4823                         return -EINVAL;
4824                 }
4825         }
4826
4827         if (argc > optind) {
4828                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4829                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4830                         return r;
4831                 }
4832         } else
4833                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4834
4835         /* We skip the time argument */
4836         if (argc > optind + 1)
4837                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4838
4839         optind = argc;
4840
4841         return 1;
4842 }
4843
4844 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4845
4846         enum {
4847                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4848                 ARG_NO_WALL
4849         };
4850
4851         static const struct option options[] = {
4852                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4853                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4854                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4855         };
4856
4857         static const struct {
4858                 char from;
4859                 enum action to;
4860         } table[] = {
4861                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4862                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4863                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4864                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4865                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4866                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4867                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4868                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4869                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4870                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4871                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4872                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4873                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4874         };
4875
4876         unsigned i;
4877         int c;
4878
4879         assert(argc >= 0);
4880         assert(argv);
4881
4882         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4883                 switch (c) {
4884
4885                 case ARG_HELP:
4886                         telinit_help();
4887                         return 0;
4888
4889                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4890                         arg_no_wall = true;
4891                         break;
4892
4893                 case '?':
4894                         return -EINVAL;
4895
4896                 default:
4897                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4898                         return -EINVAL;
4899                 }
4900         }
4901
4902         if (optind >= argc) {
4903                 telinit_help();
4904                 return -EINVAL;
4905         }
4906
4907         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4908                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4909                 return -EINVAL;
4910         }
4911
4912         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4913                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4914                 return -EINVAL;
4915         }
4916
4917         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4918                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4919                         break;
4920
4921         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4922                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4923                 return -EINVAL;
4924         }
4925
4926         arg_action = table[i].to;
4927
4928         optind ++;
4929
4930         return 1;
4931 }
4932
4933 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4934
4935         enum {
4936                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4937         };
4938
4939         static const struct option options[] = {
4940                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4941                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4942         };
4943
4944         int c;
4945
4946         assert(argc >= 0);
4947         assert(argv);
4948
4949         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4950                 switch (c) {
4951
4952                 case ARG_HELP:
4953                         runlevel_help();
4954                         return 0;
4955
4956                 case '?':
4957                         return -EINVAL;
4958
4959                 default:
4960                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4961                         return -EINVAL;
4962                 }
4963         }
4964
4965         if (optind < argc) {
4966                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4967                 return -EINVAL;
4968         }
4969
4970         return 1;
4971 }
4972
4973 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4974         assert(argc >= 0);
4975         assert(argv);
4976
4977         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4978
4979                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4980                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4981                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4982                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4983                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4984                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4985                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4986                         if (kexec_loaded())
4987                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4988                         else
4989                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4990                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4991                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4992                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4993                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4994                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4995
4996                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4997                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4998                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4999                         } else {
5000                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
5001                                  * running, we need to forward this
5002                                  * request to it. For now we simply
5003                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
5004
5005                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
5006
5007                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
5008                                 return -EIO;
5009                         }
5010
5011                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
5012                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
5013                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5014                 }
5015         }
5016
5017         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
5018         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5019 }
5020
5021 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
5022
5023         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
5024                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
5025                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
5026                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
5027                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
5028                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
5029                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
5030                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
5031                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
5032         };
5033
5034         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
5035
5036         return table[arg_action];
5037 }
5038
5039 static int talk_upstart(void) {
5040         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
5041         DBusError error;
5042         int previous, rl, r;
5043         char
5044                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
5045                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
5046         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
5047         const char *emit = "runlevel";
5048         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
5049         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
5050         DBusConnection *bus;
5051
5052         dbus_error_init(&error);
5053
5054         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5055                 return 0;
5056
5057         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
5058                 previous = 'N';
5059
5060         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5061                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5062                         r = 0;
5063                         goto finish;
5064                 }
5065
5066                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5067                 r = -EIO;
5068                 goto finish;
5069         }
5070
5071         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5072                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5073                 goto finish;
5074         }
5075
5076         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5077                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5078                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5079                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5080                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5081
5082                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5083                 r = -ENOMEM;
5084                 goto finish;
5085         }
5086
5087         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5088
5089         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5090         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5091
5092         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5093             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5094             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5095             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5096             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5097             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5098                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5099                 r = -ENOMEM;
5100                 goto finish;
5101         }
5102
5103         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5104
5105                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5106                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5107                         goto finish;
5108                 }
5109
5110                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5111                 r = -EIO;
5112                 goto finish;
5113         }
5114
5115         r = 0;
5116
5117 finish:
5118         if (m)
5119                 dbus_message_unref(m);
5120
5121         if (reply)
5122                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
5123
5124         if (bus) {
5125                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5126                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5127                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5128         }
5129
5130         dbus_error_free(&error);
5131
5132         return r;
5133 }
5134
5135 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5136         struct init_request request;
5137         int r, fd;
5138         char rl;
5139
5140         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5141                 return 0;
5142
5143         zero(request);
5144         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5145         request.sleeptime = 0;
5146         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5147         request.runlevel = rl;
5148
5149         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
5150
5151                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5152                         return 0;
5153
5154                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5155                 return -errno;
5156         }
5157
5158         errno = 0;
5159         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5160         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5161
5162         if (r < 0) {
5163                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5164                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5165         }
5166
5167         return 1;
5168 }
5169
5170 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5171
5172         static const struct {
5173                 const char* verb;
5174                 const enum {
5175                         MORE,
5176                         LESS,
5177                         EQUAL
5178                 } argc_cmp;
5179                 const int argc;
5180                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
5181         } verbs[] = {
5182                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5183                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5184                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5185                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5186                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5187                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5188                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5189                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5190                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5191                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5192                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5193                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5194                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5195                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5196                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5197                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5198                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5199                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5200                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5201                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5202                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5203                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5204                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
5205                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5206                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5207                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5208                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5209                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5210                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5211                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5212                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5213                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5214                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5215                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5216                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5217                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5218                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5219                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5220                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5221                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5222                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5223                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5224                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5225                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
5226         };
5227
5228         int left;
5229         unsigned i;
5230
5231         assert(argc >= 0);
5232         assert(argv);
5233         assert(error);
5234
5235         left = argc - optind;
5236
5237         if (left <= 0)
5238                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5239                 i = 0;
5240         else {
5241                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5242                         systemctl_help();
5243                         return 0;
5244                 }
5245
5246                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5247                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5248                                 break;
5249
5250                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5251                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5252                         return -EINVAL;
5253                 }
5254         }
5255
5256         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5257
5258         case EQUAL:
5259                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5260                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5261                         return -EINVAL;
5262                 }
5263
5264                 break;
5265
5266         case MORE:
5267                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5268                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5269                         return -EINVAL;
5270                 }
5271
5272                 break;
5273
5274         case LESS:
5275                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5276                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5277                         return -EINVAL;
5278                 }
5279
5280                 break;
5281
5282         default:
5283                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5284         }
5285
5286         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5287          * enable/disable */
5288         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") && !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable")) {
5289
5290                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5291                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5292                         return 0;
5293                 }
5294
5295                 if (!bus) {
5296                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
5297                         return -EIO;
5298                 }
5299         }
5300
5301         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
5302 }
5303
5304 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5305         int fd = -1;
5306         struct msghdr msghdr;
5307         struct iovec iovec;
5308         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5309         struct shutdownd_command c;
5310
5311         zero(c);
5312         c.elapse = t;
5313         c.mode = mode;
5314         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5315         c.warn_wall = warn;
5316
5317         if (message)
5318                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
5319
5320         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
5321                 return -errno;
5322
5323         zero(sockaddr);
5324         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5325         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
5326         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5327
5328         zero(iovec);
5329         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
5330         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
5331
5332         zero(msghdr);
5333         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5334         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5335
5336         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
5337         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5338
5339         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5340                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5341                 return -errno;
5342         }
5343
5344         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5345         return 0;
5346 }
5347
5348 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5349
5350         if (bus) {
5351                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5352                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
5353                         return 0;
5354         }
5355
5356         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5357         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5358
5359         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5360                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5361                 return -errno;
5362         }
5363
5364         return 0;
5365 }
5366
5367 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5368
5369         if (bus) {
5370                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5371                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
5372                         goto done;
5373         }
5374
5375         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5376          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5377         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5378                 goto done;
5379
5380         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5381          * /dev/initctl */
5382         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5383                 goto done;
5384
5385         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5386         return -EIO;
5387
5388 done:
5389         warn_wall(arg_action);
5390         return 0;
5391 }
5392
5393 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5394         int r;
5395
5396         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5397                 log_error("Must be root.");
5398                 return -EPERM;
5399         }
5400
5401         if (arg_when > 0) {
5402                 char *m;
5403                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5404
5405                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5406                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5407                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5408                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5409                                                                    'r',
5410                                    arg_dry,
5411                                    !arg_no_wall,
5412                                    m);
5413                 free(m);
5414
5415                 if (r < 0)
5416                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5417                 else {
5418                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5419                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5420                         return 0;
5421                 }
5422         }
5423
5424         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
5425                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5426
5427         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5428                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5429                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5430                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
5431                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5432         }
5433
5434         if (!arg_no_sync)
5435                 sync();
5436
5437         if (arg_dry)
5438                 return 0;
5439
5440         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5441          * point on... */
5442         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5443
5444         switch (arg_action) {
5445
5446         case ACTION_HALT:
5447                 log_info("Halting.");
5448                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5449                 break;
5450
5451         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5452                 log_info("Powering off.");
5453                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5454                 break;
5455
5456         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5457                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5458                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5459                 break;
5460
5461         default:
5462                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5463         }
5464
5465         /* We should never reach this. */
5466         return -ENOSYS;
5467 }
5468
5469 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5470         int r, runlevel, previous;
5471
5472         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5473                 printf("unknown\n");
5474                 return r;
5475         }
5476
5477         printf("%c %c\n",
5478                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5479                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5480
5481         return 0;
5482 }
5483
5484 static void agent_close(void) {
5485         siginfo_t dummy;
5486
5487         if (agent_pid <= 0)
5488                 return;
5489
5490         /* Inform agent that we are done */
5491         kill(agent_pid, SIGTERM);
5492         kill(agent_pid, SIGCONT);
5493         wait_for_terminate(agent_pid, &dummy);
5494         agent_pid = 0;
5495 }
5496
5497 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5498         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5499         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5500         DBusError error;
5501
5502         dbus_error_init(&error);
5503
5504         log_parse_environment();
5505         log_open();
5506
5507         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5508                 goto finish;
5509         else if (r == 0) {
5510                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5511                 goto finish;
5512         }
5513
5514         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5515          * let's shortcut this */
5516         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5517                 r = runlevel_main();
5518                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5519                 goto finish;
5520         }
5521
5522         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5523                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5524                 retval = 0;
5525                 goto finish;
5526         }
5527
5528         if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5529                 bus_connect(arg_user ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5530         else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5531                 bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5532                 private_bus = false;
5533         } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5534                 bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5535                 private_bus = false;
5536         } else
5537                 assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5538
5539         switch (arg_action) {
5540
5541         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5542                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5543                 break;
5544
5545         case ACTION_HALT:
5546         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5547         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5548         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5549                 r = halt_main(bus);
5550                 break;
5551
5552         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5553         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5554         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5555         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5556         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5557         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5558         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5559                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5560                 break;
5561
5562         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5563         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5564                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5565                 break;
5566
5567         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5568                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, false, NULL);
5569                 break;
5570
5571         case ACTION_INVALID:
5572         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5573         default:
5574                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5575         }
5576
5577         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5578
5579 finish:
5580
5581         if (bus) {
5582                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5583                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5584                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5585         }
5586
5587         dbus_error_free(&error);
5588
5589         dbus_shutdown();
5590
5591         strv_free(arg_property);
5592
5593         pager_close();
5594         agent_close();
5595
5596         return retval;
5597 }