3 # This is part of CGI::Auth::Hybrid, a perl CGI authentication module.
4 # Copyright (C) 2012 Ian Jackson.
5 # Copyright (C) 2012 Citrix.
7 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
18 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 package CGI::Auth::Hybrid;
28 our ($VERSION, @ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, %EXPORT_TAGS);
33 %EXPORT_TAGS = ( ); # eg: TAG => [ qw!name1 name2! ],
35 @EXPORT_OK = qw(setup);
40 use CGI qw/escapeHTML/;
46 #---------- public utilities ----------
48 sub flatten_params ($) {
51 foreach my $k (keys %$p) {
52 foreach my $v (@{ $p->{$k} }) {
59 #---------- default callbacks ----------
61 sub has_a_param ($$) {
63 foreach my $pn (@{ $r->{S}{$cn} }) {
64 return 1 if $r->_ch('get_param',$pn);
73 foreach my $name ($c->param()) {
74 $p{$name} = [ $c->param($name) ];
79 sub get_cookie_domain ($$$) {
81 my $uri = new URI $r->_ch('get_url');
85 sub login_ok_password ($$) {
87 my $username_params = $r->{S}{username_param_names};
88 my $username = $r->_ch('get_param',$username_params->[0]);
89 my $password = $r->_rp('password_param_name');
90 return $r->_ch('username_password_ok', $username, $password);
93 sub do_redirect_cgi ($$$$) {
94 my ($c, $r, $new_url, $cookie) = @_;
95 $r->_print($c->header($r->_cgi_header_args($cookie,
96 -status => '303 See other',
97 -location => $new_url)),
98 $r->_ch('gen_start_html',$r->_gt('Redirection')),
99 '<a href="'.escapeHTML($new_url).'">',
100 $r->_gt("If you aren't redirected, click to continue."),
102 $c->_ch('gen_end_html'));
105 sub gen_plain_login_form ($$) {
106 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
108 push @form, ('<form method="POST" action="'.
109 escapeHTML($r->_ch('get_url')).'">'.
111 my $sz = 'size="'.$r->{S}{form_entry_size}.'"';
112 foreach my $up (@{ $r->{S}{username_param_names}}) {
113 push @form, ('<tr><td>',$r->_gt(ucfirst $up),'</td>',
114 '<td><input type="text" '.$sz.
115 ' name='.$up.'></td></tr>');
117 push @form, ('<tr><td>'.$r->_gt('Password'),'</td>',
118 '<td><input type="password" '.$sz.
119 ' name="'.$r->{S}{password_param_name}.'"></td></tr>');
120 push @form, ('<tr><td colspan="2">',
121 '<input type="submit"'.
122 ' name="'.$r->{S}{login_submit_name}[0].'"'.
123 ' value="'.$r->_gt('Login').'"></td></tr>',
125 foreach my $n (keys %$params) {
126 push @form, ('<input type="hidden"'.
128 ' value="'.$params->{$n}.'">');
130 push @form, ('</form>');
131 return join "\n", @form;
134 sub gen_login_link ($$) {
135 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
136 my $url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
137 return ('<a href="'.escapeHTML($url).'">'.
138 $r->_gt('Log in again to continue.').
142 #---------- verifier object methods ----------
148 assocdb_path => 'cah-assocs.db',
149 assocdb_dsn => undef,
151 assocdb_password => '',
152 assocdb_table => 'assocs',
153 random_source => '/dev/urandom',
154 assocsecretlen => 128, # bits
155 login_timeout => 86400, # seconds
156 assoc_param_name => 'cah_assochash',
157 cookie_name => "cah_assocsecret",
158 password_param_name => 'password',
159 username_param_names => [qw(username)],
160 form_entry_size => 60,
161 logout_param_names => [qw(cah_logout)],
162 login_submit_name => [qw(cah_login)],
163 loggedout_param_names => [qw(cah_loggedout)],
164 promise_check_mutate => 0,
165 get_param => sub { $_[0]->param($_[2]) },
166 get_params => sub { $_[1]->get_params() },
167 get_cookie => sub { $_[0]->cookie($_[1]->{S}{cookie_name}) },
168 get_method => sub { $_[0]->request_method() },
169 get_url => sub { $_[0]->url(); },
170 is_login => sub { defined $_[1]->_rp('password_param_name') },
171 login_ok => \&login_ok_password,
172 username_password_ok => sub { die },
173 is_logout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('logout_param_names') },
174 is_loggedout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('loggedout_param_names') },
175 is_page => sub { return 1 },
176 handle_divert => sub { return 0 },
177 do_redirect => \&do_redirect_cgi, # this hook is allowed to throw
179 get_cookie_domain => \&get_cookie_domain,
181 gen_start_html => sub { $_[0]->start_html($_[2]); },
182 gen_end_html => sub { $_[0]->end_html(); },
183 gen_login_form => \&gen_plain_login_form,
184 gen_login_link => \&gen_plain_login_link,
185 gettext => sub { gettext($_[2]); },
186 print => sub { print $_[2] or die $!; },
191 while (($k,$v,@_) = @_) {
192 die "unknown setting $k" unless exists $verifier->{S}{$k};
193 $verifier->{S}{$k} = $v;
195 bless $verifier, $class;
196 $verifier->_dbopen();
205 $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn} ||= "dbi:SQLite:dbname=$v->{S}{assocdb_path}";
206 my $dsn = $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn};
209 $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $v->{S}{assocdb_user},
210 $v->{S}{assocdb_password}, {
213 ShowErrorStatement => 1,
215 die "$dsn $! ?" unless $dbh;
219 $v->_db_transaction(sub {
220 local ($dbh->{PrintError}) = 0;
221 $dbh->do("CREATE TABLE $v->{S}{assocdb_table} (".
222 " assochash VARCHAR PRIMARY KEY,".
223 " username VARCHAR,".
224 " last INTEGER NOT NULL".
238 sub _db_transaction ($$) {
243 print STDERR "DT entry\n";
245 print STDERR "DT loop\n";
248 print STDERR "DT fn ok\n";
251 print STDERR "DT fn error\n";
252 { local ($@); $dbh->rollback(); }
253 print STDERR "DT fn throwing\n";
256 print STDERR "DT fn eval ok\n";
259 print STDERR "DT commit ok\n";
262 print STDERR "DT commit eval ok $rv\n";
265 print STDERR "DT commit throw?\n";
266 die $@ if !--$retries;
267 print STDERR "DT loop again\n";
271 #---------- request object methods ----------
274 my ($classbase, $cgi, @extra) = @_;
275 if (!ref $classbase) {
276 $classbase = $classbase->new_verifier(@extra);
282 S => $classbase->{S},
283 Dbh => $classbase->{Dbh},
286 bless $r, ref $classbase;
289 sub _ch ($$@) { # calls an application hook
290 my ($r,$methname, @args) = @_;
291 my $methfunc = $r->{S}{$methname};
292 die "$methname ?" unless $methfunc;
293 return $methfunc->($r->{Cgi}, $r, @args);
298 my $pn = $r->{S}{$pnvb};
299 my $p = scalar $r->_ch('get_param',$pn)
302 sub _gt ($$) { my ($r, $t) = @_; return $r->_ch('gettext',$t); }
303 sub _print ($$) { my ($r, @t) = @_; return $r->_ch('print', join '', @t); }
305 sub construct_cookie ($$$) {
306 my ($r, $cooks) = @_;
307 return undef unless $cooks;
309 my @ca = (-name => $r->{S}{cookie_name},
311 -path => $r->{S}{cookie_path},
312 -domain => $r->_ch('get_cookie_domain'),
313 -expires => '+'.$r->{S}{login_timeout}.'s',
314 -secure => $r->{S}{encrypted_only});
315 my $cookie = $c->cookie(@ca);
316 print STDERR "CC $r $c $cooks $cookie (@ca).\n";
320 # pages/param-sets are
321 # n normal non-mutating page
322 # r retrieval of information for JS, non-mutating
324 # u update of information by JS, mutating
327 # O "you have just logged out" page load
330 # - no value supplied (represented in code as $cookt='')
331 # n, nN value not in our db
332 # t, tN temporary value (in our db, no logged in user yet)
333 # y, yN value corresponds to logged-in user
334 # and, aggregated conditions:
335 # a, aN anything including -
337 # if N differs the case applies only when the two values differ
338 # (eg, a1 y2 does not apply when the logged-in value is supplied twice)
340 # "stale session" means request originates from a page from a login
341 # session which has been revoked (eg by logout); "cleared session"
342 # means request originates from a browser which has a different (or
345 # Case analysis, cookie mode, app promises re mutate:
346 # cook parm meth form
348 # any - POST nrmuoi bug or attack, fail
349 # any - GET rmuoi bug or attack, fail
350 # any any GET muoi bug or attack, fail
351 # any t any nrmu bug or attack, fail
353 # - - GET O "just logged out" page
354 # (any other) O bug or attack, fail
356 # a1 a2 POST o logout
357 # if a1 is valid, revoke it
358 # if a2 is valid, revoke it
360 # redirect to "just logged out" page
361 # (which contains link to login form)
363 # - t POST i complain about cookies being disabled
364 # (with link to login form)
366 # t1 t1 POST i login (or switch user)
368 # show new login form
370 # upgrade t1 to y1 in our db (setting username)
371 # redirect to GET of remaining params
373 # y1 a2 POST i complain about stale login form
375 # show new login form
377 # (other) POST i complain about stale login form
378 # show new login form
380 # t1 a2 ANY nrmu treat as - a2 ANY
382 # y - GET n cross-site link
385 # y y GET nr fine, show page or send data
386 # y y POST nrmu mutation is OK, do operation
388 # y1 y2 GET nr request from stale page
389 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
392 # y1 y2 POST nrmu request from stale page
396 # y n GET n intra-site link from stale page,
397 # treat as cross-site link, show data
399 # y n POST n m intra-site form submission from stale page
400 # show "session interrupted"
401 # with link to main data page
403 # y n GET r intra-site request from stale page
406 # y n POST r u intra-site request from stale page
409 # -/n y2 GET nr intra-site link from cleared session
410 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
413 # -/n y2 POST nrmu request from cleared session
415 # treat as -/n n POST
417 # -/n -/n GET n cross-site link but user not logged in
418 # show login form with redirect to orig params
419 # generate fresh cookie
421 # -/n n GET rmu user not logged in
424 # -/n n POST n m user not logged in
427 # -/n n POST r u user not logged in
430 sub _check_divert_core ($) {
433 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
434 my $cooks = $r->_ch('get_cookie');
435 my $parmh = $r->_rp('assoc_param_name');
436 my $cookh = defined $cooks ? $r->hash($cooks) : undef;
438 my ($cookt,$cooku) = $r->_db_lookup($cookh);
439 my $parmt = $r->_db_lookup($parmh);
441 print STDERR "_c_d_c cookt=$cookt parmt=$parmt\n";
443 if ($r->_ch('is_logout')) {
446 $r->_db_revoke($cookh);
447 $r->_db_revoke($parmh);
448 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT',
449 Message => "Logging out...",
453 if ($r->_ch('is_loggedout')) {
454 die unless $meth eq 'GET';
457 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-LOGGEDOUT',
458 Message => "You have been logged out.",
462 if ($r->_ch('is_login')) {
465 if (!$cookt && $parmt eq 't') {
466 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-NOCOOKIE',
467 Message => "You do not seem to have cookies enabled. ".
468 "You must enable cookies as we use them for login.",
469 CookieSecret => $r->_fresh_secret(),
470 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
472 if (!$cookt || $cookt eq 'n' || $cookh ne $parmh) {
473 $r->_db_revoke($cookh);
474 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-STALE',
475 Message => "Stale session; you need to log in again.",
476 CookieSecret => $r->_fresh_secret(),
479 die unless $parmt eq 't' || $parmt eq 'y';
480 my $username = $r->_ch('login_ok');
481 unless (defined $username && length $username) {
482 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-BAD',
483 Message => "Incorrect username/password.",
484 CookieSecret => $cooks,
485 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
487 $r->_db_record_login_ok($parmh,$username);
488 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN',
489 Message => "Logging in...",
490 CookieSecret => $cooks,
491 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
496 die if $parmt eq 't';
498 if ($cookt eq 'y' && $parmt eq 'y' && $cookh ne $parmh) {
499 $r->_db_revoke($parmh) if $meth eq 'POST';
504 die unless !$cookt || $cookt eq 'n';
505 die unless !$parmt || $parmt eq 'n' || $parmt eq 'y';
506 my $news = $r->_fresh_secret();
507 if ($meth eq 'GET') {
508 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-INCOMINGLINK',
509 Message => "You need to log in again.",
510 CookieSecret => $news,
511 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
513 $r->_db_revoke($parmh);
514 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-FRESH',
515 Message => "You need to log in again.",
516 CookieSecret => $news,
521 if (!$r->{S}{promise_check_mutate}) {
522 if ($meth ne 'POST') {
523 return ({ Kind => 'MAINPAGEONLY',
524 Message => 'Entering via cross-site link.',
525 CookieSecret => $cooks,
527 # NB caller must then ignore params & path!
528 # if this is too hard they can spit out a small form
529 # with a "click to continue"
533 die unless $cookt eq 'y';
534 die unless $parmt eq 'y';
535 die unless $cookh eq $parmh;
536 $r->{AssocSecret} = $cooks;
537 $r->{UserOK} = $cooku;
538 print STDERR "C-D-C OK\n";
542 sub _chain_params ($) {
544 my %p = %{ $r->_ch('get_params') };
545 foreach my $pncn (keys %{ $r->{S} }) {
547 if ($pncn =~ m/_param_name$/) {
548 my $name = $r->{S}{$pncn};
549 die "$pncn ?" if ref $name;
551 } elsif ($pncn =~ m/_param_names$/) {
552 $names = $r->{S}{$pncn};
556 foreach my $name (@$names) {
563 sub _db_lookup ($$) {
565 # returns ($t,$username)
566 # where $t is one of "t" "y" "n", or "" (for -)
570 my $row = $dbh->selectrow_arrayref("SELECT username, last".
571 " FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
572 " WHERE assochash = ?", {}, $h);
573 return ('') unless defined $row;
575 my ($nusername, $nlast) = @$row;
577 my $timeout = $r->{S}{login_timeout};
578 return ('n') unless !defined $timeout || time <= $nlast + $timeout;
580 return ('t') unless defined $nusername;
583 return ('y', $nusername);
586 sub _db_revoke ($$) {
587 # revokes $h if it's valid; no-op if it's not
592 $dbh->do("DELETE FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
593 " WHERE assochash = ?", {}, $h);
596 sub _db_record_login_ok ($$$) {
597 my ($r,$h,$user) = @_;
600 $dbh->do("INSERT INTO $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
601 " (associd, username, last) VALUES (?,?,?)", {},
605 sub check_divert ($) {
607 if (exists $r->{Divert}) {
611 $r->{Divert} = $r->_db_transaction(sub { $r->_check_divert_core(); });
613 print STDERR Dumper($r->{Divert});
619 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
623 sub get_username ($) {
625 my $divert = $r->get_divert();
626 return undef if $divert;
630 sub url_with_query_params ($$) {
631 my ($r, $params) = @_;
632 my $uri = URI->new($r->_ch('get_url'));
633 $uri->query_form(flatten_params($params));
634 return $uri->as_string();
637 sub _cgi_header_args ($$@) {
638 my ($r, $cookie, @ha) = @_;
639 unshift @ha, qw(-type text/html);
640 push @ha, (-cookie => $cookie) if defined $cookie;
641 print STDERR "_cgi_header_args ",join('|',@ha),".\n";
648 my ($divert) = $r->check_divert();
649 return 1 if !$divert;
651 my $handled = $r->_ch('handle_divert',$divert);
652 return 0 if $handled;
654 my $kind = $divert->{Kind};
655 my $cookiesecret = $divert->{CookieSecret};
656 my $params = $divert->{Params};
657 my $cookie = $r->construct_cookie($cookiesecret);
659 if ($kind =~ m/^REDIRECT-/) {
660 # for redirects, we honour stored NextParams and SetCookie,
661 # as we would for non-divert
662 if ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT') {
663 $params->{$r->{S}{loggedout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
664 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGOUT') {
665 $params->{$r->{S}{logout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
666 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN') {
670 my $new_url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
671 $r->_ch('do_redirect',$new_url, $cookie);
676 if ($kind =~ m/^LOGIN-/) {
677 $title = $r->_gt('Login');
678 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
679 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_form', $params);
680 } elsif ($kind =~ m/^SMALLPAGE-/) {
681 $title = $r->_gt('Not logged in');
682 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
683 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_link');
688 $r->_print($r->{Cgi}->header($r->_cgi_header_args($cookie)),
689 $r->_ch('gen_start_html',$title),
691 $r->_ch('gen_end_html'));
696 my ($r, $bytes) = @_;
698 my $rsf = $v->{RandomHandle};
699 my $rsp = $r->{S}{random_source};
701 $v->{RandomHandle} = $rsf = new IO::File $rsp, '<' or die "$rsp $!";
705 read($rsf,$bin,$bytes) == $bytes or die "$rsp $!";
707 my $out = unpack "H*", $bin;
708 print STDERR "_random out $out\n";
712 sub _fresh_secret ($) {
714 print STDERR "_fresh_secret\n";
715 my $bytes = ($r->{S}{associdlen} + 7) >> 3;
716 return $r->_random($bytes);
719 sub _assert_checked ($) {
721 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
724 sub check_mutate ($) {
726 $r->_assert_checked();
728 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
729 die "mutating non-POST" if $meth ne 'POST';
732 #---------- output ----------
734 sub secret_cookie_val ($) {
736 $r->_assert_checked();
737 return defined $r->{AssocSecret} ? $r->{AssocSecret} : '';
740 sub secret_hidden_val ($) {
742 $r->_assert_checked();
743 return defined $r->{AssocSecret} ? $r->hash($r->{AssocSecret}) : '';
746 sub secret_hidden_html ($) {
748 return $r->{Cgi}->hidden(-name => $r->{S}{assoc_param_name},
749 -default => $r->secret_hidden_val());
752 sub secret_cookie ($) {
754 my $secret = $r->secret_cookie_val();
755 return undef if !defined $secret;
756 #print STDERR "SC\n";
757 my $cookv = $r->construct_cookie($secret);
758 #print STDERR "SC=$cookv\n";
766 CGI::Auth::Hybrid - web authentication optionally using cookies
770 my $verifier = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_verifier(setting => value,...);
771 my $authreq = $verifier->new_request($cgi_request_object);
773 my $authreq = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_request($cgi_request_object,
774 setting => value,...);
776 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR SIMPLE APPLICATIONS
778 $authreq->check_ok() or return;
781 $authreq->check_mutate();
784 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR FANCY APPLICATIONS
786 my $divert_kind = $authreq->check_divert();
788 if ($divert_kind eq 'LOGGEDOUT') {
789 print "goodbye you are now logged out" and quit
790 } elsif ($divert_kind eq 'NOCOOKIES') {
791 print "you need cookies" and quit
797 $authreq->check_mutate();