3 # This is part of CGI::Auth::Hybrid, a perl CGI authentication module.
4 # Copyright (C) 2012 Ian Jackson.
5 # Copyright (C) 2012 Citrix.
7 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
18 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 package CGI::Auth::Hybrid;
28 our ($VERSION, @ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, %EXPORT_TAGS);
33 %EXPORT_TAGS = ( ); # eg: TAG => [ qw!name1 name2! ],
35 @EXPORT_OK = qw(setup);
43 #---------- public utilities ----------
45 sub flatten_params ($) {
48 foreach my $k (keys %$p) {
49 foreach my $v (@{ $p->{$k} }) {
56 #---------- default callbacks ----------
58 sub has_a_param ($$) {
60 foreach my $pn (@{ $r->{S}{$cn} }) {
61 return 1 if $r->_cm('get_param',$pn);
70 foreach my $name ($c->param()) {
71 $p{$name} = [ $c->param($name) ];
76 sub get_cookie_domain ($$$) {
78 my $uri = new URI $r->_ch('get_url');
82 sub login_ok_password ($$) {
84 my $username_params = $r->{S}{username_param_names};
85 my $username = $r->_ch('get_param',$username_params->[0]);
86 my $password = $r->_rp('password_param_name');
87 return $r->_ch('username_password_ok', $username, $password);
90 sub do_redirect_cgi ($$$$) {
91 my ($c, $r, $new_url, $cookie) = @_;
92 my @ha = ('text/html',
93 -status => '303 See other',
94 -location => $new_url);
95 push @ha, (-cookie => $cookie) if defined $cookie;
96 $r->_print($c->header(@ha),
97 $r->_ch('gen_start_html',$r->_gt('Redirection')),
98 '<a href="'.escapeHTML($new_url).'">',
99 $r->_gt("If you aren't redirected, click to continue."),
101 $c->_ch('gen_end_html'));
104 sub gen_plain_login_form ($$) {
105 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
107 push @form, ('<form method="POST" action="'.
108 escapeHTML($r->_ch('get_url')).'>'.
110 my $sz = 'size="'.$r->{S}{form_entry_size}.'"';
111 foreach my $up (@{ $r->{S}{username_param_names}}) {
112 push @form, ('<tr><td>',$r->_gt(ucfirst $up),'</td>',
113 '<td><input type="text" ',$sz.
114 ' name=',$up,'></td></tr>');
116 push @form, ('<tr><td>'.$r->_gt('Password'),'</td>',
117 '<td><input type="password" '.$sz.
118 ' name="'.$r->{S}{password_param_name}.'"></td></tr>');
119 push @form, ('<tr><td colspan="2">',
120 '<input type="submit"'.
121 ' name="'.$r->{S}{login_submit_name}.'"'.
122 ' value="'.$r->_gt('Login').'"></td></tr>',
124 foreach my $n (keys %$params) {
125 push @form, ('<input type="hidden"'.
127 ' value="'.$params->{$n}.'">');
129 push @form, ('</form>');
130 return join "\n", @form;
133 sub gen_login_link ($$) {
134 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
135 my $url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
136 return ('<a href="'.escapeHTML($url).'">'.
137 $r->_gt('Log in again to continue.').
141 #---------- verifier object methods ----------
147 assocdb_path => 'cah-assocs.db',
148 assocdb_dsn => undef,
150 assocdb_password => '',
151 assocdb_table => 'assocs',
152 random_source => '/dev/urandom',
153 associdlen => 128, # bits
154 login_timeout => 86400, # seconds
155 assoc_param_name => 'cah_associd',
156 password_param_name => 'password',
157 username_param_names => [qw(username)],
158 form_entry_size => 60,
159 logout_param_names => [qw(cah_logout)],
160 login_submit_name => [qw(cah_login)],
161 loggedout_param_names => [qw(cah_loggedout)],
162 promise_check_mutate => 0,
163 get_param => sub { $_[0]->param($_[2]) },
164 get_params => sub { $_[1]->get_params() },
165 get_cookie => sub { $_[0]->cookie($_[1]->{S}{cookie_name}) },
166 get_method => sub { $_[0]->request_method() },
167 get_url => sub { $_[0]->url(); },
168 is_login => sub { defined $_[1]->_rp('password_param_name') },
169 login_ok => \&login_ok_password,
170 username_password_ok => sub { die },
171 is_logout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('logout_param_names') },
172 is_loggedout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('loggedout_param_names') },
173 is_page => sub { return 1 },
174 handle_divert => sub { return 0 },
175 do_redirect => \&do_redirect_cgi, # this hook is allowed to throw
177 get_cookie_domain => \&get_cookie_domain,
179 gen_start_html => sub { $_[0]->start_html($_[2]); },
180 gen_end_html => sub { $_[0]->end_html(); },
181 gen_login_form => \&gen_plain_login_form,
182 gen_login_link => \&gen_plain_login_link,
183 gettext => sub { gettext($_[2]); },
188 while (($k,$v,@_) = @_) {
189 die "unknown setting $k" unless exists $verifier->{S}{$k};
190 $verifier->{S}{$k} = $v;
192 bless $verifier, $class;
193 $verifier->_dbopen();
202 $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn} ||= "dbi:SQLite:dbname=$v->{S}{assocdb_path}";
203 my $dsn = $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn};
206 $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $v->{S}{assocdb_user},
207 $v->{S}{assocdb_password}, {
208 AutoCommit => 0, RaiseError => 1,
210 die "$dsn $! ?" unless $dbh;
214 $v->_db_transaction(sub {
215 $dbh->do("CREATE TABLE $v->{S}{assocdb_table} (".
216 " associd VARCHAR PRIMARY KEY,".
217 " username VARCHAR,".
218 " last INTEGER NOT NULL".
232 sub _db_transaction ($$) {
242 { local ($@); $dbh->rollback(); }
251 die $@ if !--$retries;
255 #---------- request object methods ----------
258 my ($classbase, $cgi, @extra) = @_;
259 if (!ref $classbase) {
260 $classbase = $classbase->new_verifier(@extra);
266 S => $classbase->{S},
267 Dbh => $classbase->{Dbh},
270 bless $r, ref $classbase;
273 sub _ch ($$@) { # calls an application hook
274 my ($r,$methname, @args) = @_;
275 my $methfunc = $r->{S}{$methname};
276 return $methfunc->($r->{Cgi}, $r, @args);
281 my $pn = $r->{S}{$pnvb};
282 my $p = scalar $r->_ch('get_param',$pn)
285 sub _gt ($$) { my ($r, $t) = @_; return $r->_ch('gettext',$t); }
286 sub _print ($$) { my ($r, @t) = @_; return $r->_ch('print', join '', @t); }
288 sub construct_cookie ($$$) {
289 my ($r, $cookv) = @_;
290 return $r->{Cgi}->cookie(-name => $r->{S}{cookie_name},
292 -path => $r->{S}{cookie_path},
293 -domain => $r->_ch('get_cookie_domain'),
294 -expires => '+'.$r->{S}{login_timeout}.'s',
295 -secure => $r->{S}{encrypted_only});
298 # pages/param-sets are
299 # n normal non-mutating page
300 # r retrieval of information for JS, non-mutating
302 # u update of information by JS, mutating
305 # O "you have just logged out" page load
308 # a, aN anything including -
309 # t, tN temporary value (in our db, no logged in user yet)
310 # y, yN value corresponds to logged-in user
311 # n, nN value not in our db
313 # - no value supplied
314 # if N differs the case applies only when the two values differ
315 # (eg, a1 y2 does not apply when the logged-in value is supplied twice)
317 # "stale session" means request originates from a page from a login
318 # session which has been revoked (eg by logout); "cleared session"
319 # means request originates from a browser which has a different (or
322 # Case analysis, cookie mode, app promises re mutate:
323 # cook parm meth form
325 # any - POST nrmuoi bug or attack, fail
326 # any - GET rmuoi bug or attack, fail
327 # any any GET muoi bug or attack, fail
328 # any t any nrmu bug or attack, fail
330 # - - GET O "just logged out" page
331 # (any other) O bug or attack, fail
333 # a1 a2 POST o logout
334 # if a1 is valid, revoke it
335 # if a2 is valid, revoke it
337 # redirect to "just logged out" page
338 # (which contains link to login form)
340 # - t POST i complain about cookies being disabled
341 # (with link to login form)
343 # any n POST i complain about stale login form
344 # show new login form
346 # x1 t2 POST i login (or switch user)
348 # show new login form
350 # revoke x1 if it was valid and !=t2
351 # upgrade t2 to y2 in our db (setting username)
353 # redirect to GET of remaining params
355 # t1 a2 ANY nrmu treat as - a2 ANY
357 # y - GET n cross-site link
360 # y y GET nr fine, show page or send data
361 # y y POST nrmu mutation is OK, do operation
363 # y1 y2 GET nr request from stale page
364 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
367 # y1 y2 POST nrmu request from stale page
371 # y n GET n intra-site link from stale page,
372 # treat as cross-site link, show data
374 # y n POST n m intra-site form submission from stale page
375 # show "session interrupted"
376 # with link to main data page
378 # y n GET r intra-site request from stale page
381 # y n POST r u intra-site request from stale page
384 # -/n y2 GET nr intra-site link from cleared session
385 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
388 # -/n y2 POST nrmu request from cleared session
390 # treat as -/n n POST
392 # -/n n GET n cross-site link but user not logged in
393 # show login form with redirect to orig params
395 # -/n n GET rmu user not logged in
398 # -/n n POST n m user not logged in
401 # -/n n POST r u user not logged in
404 sub _check_divert_core ($) {
407 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
408 my $cookv = $r->_ch('get_cookie');
409 my $parmv = $r->_rp('assoc_param_name');
411 my ($cookt,$cooku) = $r->_db_lookup($cookv);
412 my $parmt = $r->_db_lookup($parmv);
414 if ($r->_ch('is_logout')) {
417 $r->_db_revoke($cookv);
418 $r->_db_revoke($parmv);
419 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT',
420 Message => "Logging out...",
424 if ($r->_ch('is_loggedout')) {
425 die unless $meth eq 'GET';
428 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-LOGGEDOUT',
429 Message => "You have been logged out.",
433 if ($r->_ch('is_login')) {
435 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-STALE',
436 Message => "Stale session; you need to log in again.",
437 CookieVal => $r->_fresh_cookie(),
440 die unless $parmt eq 't' || $parmt eq 'y';
441 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-NOCOOKIE',
442 Message => "You do not seem to have cookies enabled. ".
443 "You must enable cookies as we use them for login.",
444 CookieVal => $r->_fresh_cookie(),
445 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
446 if !$cookt && $parmt eq 't';
447 my $username = $r->_ch('login_ok');
448 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-BAD',
449 Message => "Incorrect username/password.",
451 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
452 unless defined $username && length $username;
453 $r->_db_revoke($cookv)
454 if defined $cookv && !(defined $parmv && $cookv eq $parmv);
455 $r->_db_record_login_ok($parmv,$username);
456 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN',
457 Message => "Logging in...",
459 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
464 die if $parmt eq 't';
466 if ($cookt eq 'y' && $parmt eq 'y' && $cookv ne $parmv) {
467 $r->_db_revoke($parmv) if $meth eq 'POST';
472 die unless !$cookt || $cookt eq 'n';
473 die unless !$parmt || $parmt eq 'n' || $parmt eq 'y';
474 if ($meth eq 'GET') {
475 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-INCOMINGLINK',
476 Message => "You need to log in again.",
478 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
480 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-FRESH',
481 Message => "You need to log in again.",
487 if (!$r->{S}{promise_check_mutate}) {
488 if ($meth ne 'POST') {
489 return ({ Kind => 'MAINPAGEONLY',
490 Message => 'Entering via cross-site link.',
493 # NB caller must then ignore params & path!
494 # if this is too hard they can spit out a small form
495 # with a "click to continue"
499 die unless $cookt eq 'y';
500 die unless $parmt eq 'y';
501 die unless $cookv eq $parmv;
502 $r->{Assoc} = $cookv;
503 $r->{UserOK} = $cooku;
507 sub _chain_params ($) {
509 my %p = %{ $r->_ch('get_params') };
510 foreach my $pncn (keys %{ $r->{S} }) {
512 if ($pncn =~ m/_param_name$/) {
513 my $name = $r->{S}{$pncn};
514 die "$pncn ?" if ref $name;
516 } elsif ($pncn =~ m/_param_names$/) {
517 $names = $r->{S}{$pncn};
521 foreach my $name (@$names) {
528 sub _db_lookup ($$) {
530 # returns ($t,$username)
531 # where $t is one of "t" "y" "n", or "" (for -)
535 my $row = $dbh->selectrow_arrayref("SELECT username, last".
536 " FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
537 " WHERE associd = ?", {}, $v);
538 return ('') unless defined $row;
540 my ($nusername, $nlast) = @$row;
542 my $timeout = $r->{S}{login_timeout};
543 return ('n') unless !defined $timeout || time <= $nlast + $timeout;
545 return ('t') unless defined $nusername;
548 return ('y', $nusername);
551 sub _db_revoke ($$) {
552 # revokes $v if it's valid; no-op if it's not
557 $dbh->do("DELETE FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
558 " WHERE associd = ?", {}, $v);
561 sub _db_record_login_ok ($$$) {
562 my ($r,$v,$user) = @_;
565 $dbh->do("INSERT INTO $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
566 " (associd, username, last) VALUES (?,?,?)", {},
570 sub check_divert ($) {
573 if (exists $r->{Divert}) {
577 $r->{Divert} = $r->_db_transaction(sub { $r->_check_divert_core(); });
584 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
588 sub get_username ($) {
590 my $divert = $r->get_divert();
591 return undef if $divert;
595 sub url_with_query_params ($$) {
596 my ($r, $params) = @_;
597 my $uri = URI->new($r->_ch('get_url'));
598 $uri->query_form(flatten_params($params));
599 return $uri->as_string();
605 my ($divert) = $r->check_divert();
608 my $handled = $r->_ch('handle_divert',$divert);
609 return 0 if $handled;
611 my $kind = $divert->{Kind};
612 my $cookieval = $divert->{CookieVal};
613 my $params = $divert->{Params};
615 if ($kind =~ m/^REDIRECT-/) {
616 # for redirects, we honour stored NextParams and SetCookie,
617 # as we would for non-divert
618 if ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT') {
619 $params->{$r->{S}{loggedout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
620 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGOUT') {
621 $params->{$r->{S}{logout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
622 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN') {
626 my $new_url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
627 my $cookie = $r->construct_cookie($r, $cookieval);
628 $r->_ch('do_redirect',$new_url, $cookie);
633 if ($kind =~ m/^LOGIN-/) {
634 $title = $r->_gt('Login');
635 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
636 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_form', $params);
637 } elsif ($kind =~ m/^SMALLPAGE-/) {
638 $title = $r->_gt('Not logged in');
639 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
640 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_link');
645 $r->_print($r->_ch('start_html',$title),
647 $r->_ch('end_html'));
652 my ($r, $bytes) = @_;
654 my $rsf = $v->{RandomHandle};
655 my $rsp = $r->{S}{random_source};
657 $v->{RandomHandle} = $rsf = new IO::File $rsp, '<' or die "$rsp $!";
661 read($rsf,$bin,$bytes) == $bytes or die "$rsp $!";
663 return unpack "H*", $bin;
666 sub _fresh_cookie ($) {
668 my $bytes = ($r->{S}{associdlen} + 7) >> 3;
669 return $r->_random($bytes);
672 sub check_mutate ($) {
674 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
676 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
677 die "mutating non-POST" if $meth ne 'POST';
680 #---------- output ----------
685 return defined $r->{Assoc} ? $r->{Assoc} : '';
688 sub secret_hidden_html ($) {
690 return $r->{Cgi}->hidden(-name => $r->{S}{assoc_param_name},
691 -default => $r->secret_val());
694 sub secret_cookie ($) {
696 return $r->construct_cookie($r->secret_val());
703 CGI::Auth::Hybrid - web authentication optionally using cookies
707 my $verifier = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_verifier(setting => value,...);
708 my $authreq = $verifier->new_request($cgi_request_object);
710 my $authreq = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_request($cgi_request_object,
711 setting => value,...);
713 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR SIMPLE APPLICATIONS
715 $authreq->check_ok() or return;
718 $authreq->check_mutate();
721 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR FANCY APPLICATIONS
723 my $divert_kind = $authreq->check_divert();
725 if ($divert_kind eq 'LOGGEDOUT') {
726 print "goodbye you are now logged out" and quit
727 } elsif ($divert_kind eq 'NOCOOKIES') {
728 print "you need cookies" and quit
734 $authreq->check_mutate();