3 # This is part of CGI::Auth::Hybrid, a perl CGI authentication module.
4 # Copyright (C) 2012 Ian Jackson.
5 # Copyright (C) 2012 Citrix.
7 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
18 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 package CGI::Auth::Hybrid;
28 our ($VERSION, @ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, %EXPORT_TAGS);
33 %EXPORT_TAGS = ( ); # eg: TAG => [ qw!name1 name2! ],
35 @EXPORT_OK = qw(setup);
40 use CGI qw/escapeHTML/;
46 #---------- public utilities ----------
48 sub flatten_params ($) {
51 foreach my $k (keys %$p) {
52 foreach my $v (@{ $p->{$k} }) {
59 #---------- default callbacks ----------
61 sub has_a_param ($$) {
63 foreach my $pn (@{ $r->{S}{$cn} }) {
64 return 1 if $r->_ch('get_param',$pn);
73 foreach my $name ($c->param()) {
74 $p{$name} = [ $c->param($name) ];
79 sub get_cookie_domain ($$$) {
81 my $uri = new URI $r->_ch('get_url');
85 sub login_ok_password ($$) {
87 my $username_params = $r->{S}{username_param_names};
88 my $username = $r->_ch('get_param',$username_params->[0]);
89 my $password = $r->_rp('password_param_name');
90 return $r->_ch('username_password_ok', $username, $password);
93 sub do_redirect_cgi ($$$$) {
94 my ($c, $r, $new_url, $cookie) = @_;
95 $r->_print($c->header($r->_cgi_header_args($cookie,
96 -status => '303 See other',
97 -location => $new_url)),
98 $r->_ch('gen_start_html',$r->_gt('Redirection')),
99 '<a href="'.escapeHTML($new_url).'">',
100 $r->_gt("If you aren't redirected, click to continue."),
102 $c->_ch('gen_end_html'));
105 sub gen_plain_login_form ($$) {
106 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
108 push @form, ('<form method="POST" action="'.
109 escapeHTML($r->_ch('get_url')).'">'.
111 my $sz = 'size="'.$r->{S}{form_entry_size}.'"';
112 foreach my $up (@{ $r->{S}{username_param_names}}) {
113 push @form, ('<tr><td>',$r->_gt(ucfirst $up),'</td>',
114 '<td><input type="text" '.$sz.
115 ' name='.$up.'></td></tr>');
117 push @form, ('<tr><td>'.$r->_gt('Password'),'</td>',
118 '<td><input type="password" '.$sz.
119 ' name="'.$r->{S}{password_param_name}.'"></td></tr>');
120 push @form, ('<tr><td colspan="2">',
121 '<input type="submit"'.
122 ' name="'.$r->{S}{login_submit_name}.'"'.
123 ' value="'.$r->_gt('Login').'"></td></tr>',
125 foreach my $n (keys %$params) {
126 push @form, ('<input type="hidden"'.
128 ' value="'.$params->{$n}.'">');
130 push @form, ('</form>');
131 return join "\n", @form;
134 sub gen_login_link ($$) {
135 my ($c,$r, $params) = @_;
136 my $url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
137 return ('<a href="'.escapeHTML($url).'">'.
138 $r->_gt('Log in again to continue.').
142 #---------- verifier object methods ----------
148 assocdb_path => 'cah-assocs.db',
149 assocdb_dsn => undef,
151 assocdb_password => '',
152 assocdb_table => 'assocs',
153 random_source => '/dev/urandom',
154 associdlen => 128, # bits
155 login_timeout => 86400, # seconds
156 assoc_param_name => 'cah_associd',
157 password_param_name => 'password',
158 username_param_names => [qw(username)],
159 form_entry_size => 60,
160 logout_param_names => [qw(cah_logout)],
161 login_submit_name => [qw(cah_login)],
162 loggedout_param_names => [qw(cah_loggedout)],
163 promise_check_mutate => 0,
164 get_param => sub { $_[0]->param($_[2]) },
165 get_params => sub { $_[1]->get_params() },
166 get_cookie => sub { $_[0]->cookie($_[1]->{S}{cookie_name}) },
167 get_method => sub { $_[0]->request_method() },
168 get_url => sub { $_[0]->url(); },
169 is_login => sub { defined $_[1]->_rp('password_param_name') },
170 login_ok => \&login_ok_password,
171 username_password_ok => sub { die },
172 is_logout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('logout_param_names') },
173 is_loggedout => sub { $_[1]->has_a_param('loggedout_param_names') },
174 is_page => sub { return 1 },
175 handle_divert => sub { return 0 },
176 do_redirect => \&do_redirect_cgi, # this hook is allowed to throw
178 get_cookie_domain => \&get_cookie_domain,
180 gen_start_html => sub { $_[0]->start_html($_[2]); },
181 gen_end_html => sub { $_[0]->end_html(); },
182 gen_login_form => \&gen_plain_login_form,
183 gen_login_link => \&gen_plain_login_link,
184 gettext => sub { gettext($_[2]); },
185 print => sub { print $_[2] or die $!; },
190 while (($k,$v,@_) = @_) {
191 die "unknown setting $k" unless exists $verifier->{S}{$k};
192 $verifier->{S}{$k} = $v;
194 bless $verifier, $class;
195 $verifier->_dbopen();
204 $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn} ||= "dbi:SQLite:dbname=$v->{S}{assocdb_path}";
205 my $dsn = $v->{S}{assocdb_dsn};
208 $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $v->{S}{assocdb_user},
209 $v->{S}{assocdb_password}, {
212 ShowErrorStatement => 1,
214 die "$dsn $! ?" unless $dbh;
218 $v->_db_transaction(sub {
219 local ($dbh->{PrintError}) = 0;
220 $dbh->do("CREATE TABLE $v->{S}{assocdb_table} (".
221 " associd VARCHAR PRIMARY KEY,".
222 " username VARCHAR,".
223 " last INTEGER NOT NULL".
237 sub _db_transaction ($$) {
242 print STDERR "DT entry\n";
244 print STDERR "DT loop\n";
247 print STDERR "DT fn ok\n";
250 print STDERR "DT fn error\n";
251 { local ($@); $dbh->rollback(); }
252 print STDERR "DT fn throwing\n";
255 print STDERR "DT fn eval ok\n";
258 print STDERR "DT commit ok\n";
261 print STDERR "DT commit eval ok $rv\n";
264 print STDERR "DT commit throw?\n";
265 die $@ if !--$retries;
266 print STDERR "DT loop again\n";
270 #---------- request object methods ----------
273 my ($classbase, $cgi, @extra) = @_;
274 if (!ref $classbase) {
275 $classbase = $classbase->new_verifier(@extra);
281 S => $classbase->{S},
282 Dbh => $classbase->{Dbh},
285 bless $r, ref $classbase;
288 sub _ch ($$@) { # calls an application hook
289 my ($r,$methname, @args) = @_;
290 my $methfunc = $r->{S}{$methname};
291 die "$methname ?" unless $methfunc;
292 return $methfunc->($r->{Cgi}, $r, @args);
297 my $pn = $r->{S}{$pnvb};
298 my $p = scalar $r->_ch('get_param',$pn)
301 sub _gt ($$) { my ($r, $t) = @_; return $r->_ch('gettext',$t); }
302 sub _print ($$) { my ($r, @t) = @_; return $r->_ch('print', join '', @t); }
304 sub construct_cookie ($$$) {
305 my ($r, $cookv) = @_;
306 return undef unless $cookv;
308 my $cookie = $c->cookie(-name => $r->{S}{cookie_name},
310 -path => $r->{S}{cookie_path},
311 -domain => $r->_ch('get_cookie_domain'),
312 -expires => '+'.$r->{S}{login_timeout}.'s',
313 -secure => $r->{S}{encrypted_only});
314 print STDERR "CC $r $c $cookv $cookie\n";
318 # pages/param-sets are
319 # n normal non-mutating page
320 # r retrieval of information for JS, non-mutating
322 # u update of information by JS, mutating
325 # O "you have just logged out" page load
328 # a, aN anything including -
329 # t, tN temporary value (in our db, no logged in user yet)
330 # y, yN value corresponds to logged-in user
331 # n, nN value not in our db
333 # - no value supplied (represented in code as $cookt='')
334 # if N differs the case applies only when the two values differ
335 # (eg, a1 y2 does not apply when the logged-in value is supplied twice)
337 # "stale session" means request originates from a page from a login
338 # session which has been revoked (eg by logout); "cleared session"
339 # means request originates from a browser which has a different (or
342 # Case analysis, cookie mode, app promises re mutate:
343 # cook parm meth form
345 # any - POST nrmuoi bug or attack, fail
346 # any - GET rmuoi bug or attack, fail
347 # any any GET muoi bug or attack, fail
348 # any t any nrmu bug or attack, fail
350 # - - GET O "just logged out" page
351 # (any other) O bug or attack, fail
353 # a1 a2 POST o logout
354 # if a1 is valid, revoke it
355 # if a2 is valid, revoke it
357 # redirect to "just logged out" page
358 # (which contains link to login form)
360 # - t POST i complain about cookies being disabled
361 # (with link to login form)
363 # any n POST i complain about stale login form
364 # show new login form
366 # x1 t2 POST i login (or switch user)
368 # show new login form
370 # revoke x1 if it was valid and !=t2
371 # upgrade t2 to y2 in our db (setting username)
373 # redirect to GET of remaining params
375 # t1 a2 ANY nrmu treat as - a2 ANY
377 # y - GET n cross-site link
380 # y y GET nr fine, show page or send data
381 # y y POST nrmu mutation is OK, do operation
383 # y1 y2 GET nr request from stale page
384 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
387 # y1 y2 POST nrmu request from stale page
391 # y n GET n intra-site link from stale page,
392 # treat as cross-site link, show data
394 # y n POST n m intra-site form submission from stale page
395 # show "session interrupted"
396 # with link to main data page
398 # y n GET r intra-site request from stale page
401 # y n POST r u intra-site request from stale page
404 # -/n y2 GET nr intra-site link from cleared session
405 # do not revoke y2 as not RESTful
408 # -/n y2 POST nrmu request from cleared session
410 # treat as -/n n POST
412 # -/n -/n GET n cross-site link but user not logged in
413 # show login form with redirect to orig params
414 # generate fresh cookie
416 # -/n n GET rmu user not logged in
419 # -/n n POST n m user not logged in
422 # -/n n POST r u user not logged in
425 sub _check_divert_core ($) {
428 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
429 my $cookv = $r->_ch('get_cookie');
430 my $parmv = $r->_rp('assoc_param_name');
432 my ($cookt,$cooku) = $r->_db_lookup($cookv);
433 my $parmt = $r->_db_lookup($parmv);
435 print STDERR "_c_d_c cookt=$cookt parmt=$parmt\n";
437 if ($r->_ch('is_logout')) {
440 $r->_db_revoke($cookv);
441 $r->_db_revoke($parmv);
442 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT',
443 Message => "Logging out...",
447 if ($r->_ch('is_loggedout')) {
448 die unless $meth eq 'GET';
451 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-LOGGEDOUT',
452 Message => "You have been logged out.",
456 if ($r->_ch('is_login')) {
458 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-STALE',
459 Message => "Stale session; you need to log in again.",
460 CookieVal => $r->_fresh_cookie(),
463 die unless $parmt eq 't' || $parmt eq 'y';
464 return ({ Kind => 'SMALLPAGE-NOCOOKIE',
465 Message => "You do not seem to have cookies enabled. ".
466 "You must enable cookies as we use them for login.",
467 CookieVal => $r->_fresh_cookie(),
468 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
469 if !$cookt && $parmt eq 't';
470 my $username = $r->_ch('login_ok');
471 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-BAD',
472 Message => "Incorrect username/password.",
474 Params => $r->_chain_params() })
475 unless defined $username && length $username;
476 $r->_db_revoke($cookv)
477 if defined $cookv && !(defined $parmv && $cookv eq $parmv);
478 $r->_db_record_login_ok($parmv,$username);
479 return ({ Kind => 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN',
480 Message => "Logging in...",
482 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
487 die if $parmt eq 't';
489 if ($cookt eq 'y' && $parmt eq 'y' && $cookv ne $parmv) {
490 $r->_db_revoke($parmv) if $meth eq 'POST';
495 die unless !$cookt || $cookt eq 'n';
496 die unless !$parmt || $parmt eq 'n' || $parmt eq 'y';
497 my $newv = $r->_fresh_cookie();
498 if ($meth eq 'GET') {
499 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-INCOMINGLINK',
500 Message => "You need to log in again.",
502 Params => $r->_chain_params() });
504 $r->_db_revoke($parmv);
505 return ({ Kind => 'LOGIN-FRESH',
506 Message => "You need to log in again.",
512 if (!$r->{S}{promise_check_mutate}) {
513 if ($meth ne 'POST') {
514 return ({ Kind => 'MAINPAGEONLY',
515 Message => 'Entering via cross-site link.',
518 # NB caller must then ignore params & path!
519 # if this is too hard they can spit out a small form
520 # with a "click to continue"
524 die unless $cookt eq 'y';
525 die unless $parmt eq 'y';
526 die unless $cookv eq $parmv;
527 $r->{Assoc} = $cookv;
528 $r->{UserOK} = $cooku;
529 print STDERR "C-D-C OK\n";
533 sub _chain_params ($) {
535 my %p = %{ $r->_ch('get_params') };
536 foreach my $pncn (keys %{ $r->{S} }) {
538 if ($pncn =~ m/_param_name$/) {
539 my $name = $r->{S}{$pncn};
540 die "$pncn ?" if ref $name;
542 } elsif ($pncn =~ m/_param_names$/) {
543 $names = $r->{S}{$pncn};
547 foreach my $name (@$names) {
554 sub _db_lookup ($$) {
556 # returns ($t,$username)
557 # where $t is one of "t" "y" "n", or "" (for -)
561 my $row = $dbh->selectrow_arrayref("SELECT username, last".
562 " FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
563 " WHERE associd = ?", {}, $v);
564 return ('') unless defined $row;
566 my ($nusername, $nlast) = @$row;
568 my $timeout = $r->{S}{login_timeout};
569 return ('n') unless !defined $timeout || time <= $nlast + $timeout;
571 return ('t') unless defined $nusername;
574 return ('y', $nusername);
577 sub _db_revoke ($$) {
578 # revokes $v if it's valid; no-op if it's not
583 $dbh->do("DELETE FROM $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
584 " WHERE associd = ?", {}, $v);
587 sub _db_record_login_ok ($$$) {
588 my ($r,$v,$user) = @_;
591 $dbh->do("INSERT INTO $r->{S}{assocdb_table}".
592 " (associd, username, last) VALUES (?,?,?)", {},
596 sub check_divert ($) {
598 if (exists $r->{Divert}) {
602 $r->{Divert} = $r->_db_transaction(sub { $r->_check_divert_core(); });
604 print STDERR Dumper($r->{Divert});
610 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
614 sub get_username ($) {
616 my $divert = $r->get_divert();
617 return undef if $divert;
621 sub url_with_query_params ($$) {
622 my ($r, $params) = @_;
623 my $uri = URI->new($r->_ch('get_url'));
624 $uri->query_form(flatten_params($params));
625 return $uri->as_string();
628 sub _cgi_header_args ($$@) {
629 my ($r, $cookie, @ha) = @_;
630 unshift @ha, qw(-type text/html);
631 push @ha, (-cookie => $cookie) if defined $cookie;
632 print STDERR "_cgi_header_args ",join('|',@ha),".\n";
639 my ($divert) = $r->check_divert();
640 return 1 if !$divert;
642 my $handled = $r->_ch('handle_divert',$divert);
643 return 0 if $handled;
645 my $kind = $divert->{Kind};
646 my $cookieval = $divert->{CookieVal};
647 my $params = $divert->{Params};
648 my $cookie = $r->construct_cookie($cookieval);
650 if ($kind =~ m/^REDIRECT-/) {
651 # for redirects, we honour stored NextParams and SetCookie,
652 # as we would for non-divert
653 if ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDOUT') {
654 $params->{$r->{S}{loggedout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
655 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGOUT') {
656 $params->{$r->{S}{logout_param_names}[0]} = 1;
657 } elsif ($kind eq 'REDIRECT-LOGGEDIN') {
661 my $new_url = $r->url_with_query_params($params);
662 $r->_ch('do_redirect',$new_url, $cookie);
667 if ($kind =~ m/^LOGIN-/) {
668 $title = $r->_gt('Login');
669 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
670 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_form', $params);
671 } elsif ($kind =~ m/^SMALLPAGE-/) {
672 $title = $r->_gt('Not logged in');
673 push @body, $r->_gt($divert->{Message});
674 push @body, $r->_ch('gen_login_link');
679 $r->_print($r->{Cgi}->header($r->_cgi_header_args($cookie)),
680 $r->_ch('gen_start_html',$title),
682 $r->_ch('gen_end_html'));
687 my ($r, $bytes) = @_;
689 my $rsf = $v->{RandomHandle};
690 my $rsp = $r->{S}{random_source};
692 $v->{RandomHandle} = $rsf = new IO::File $rsp, '<' or die "$rsp $!";
696 read($rsf,$bin,$bytes) == $bytes or die "$rsp $!";
698 my $out = unpack "H*", $bin;
699 print STDERR "_random out $out\n";
703 sub _fresh_cookie ($) {
705 print STDERR "_fresh_cookie\n";
706 my $bytes = ($r->{S}{associdlen} + 7) >> 3;
707 return $r->_random($bytes);
710 sub _assert_checked ($) {
712 die "unchecked" unless exists $r->{Divert};
715 sub check_mutate ($) {
717 $r->_assert_checked();
719 my $meth = $r->_ch('get_method');
720 die "mutating non-POST" if $meth ne 'POST';
723 #---------- output ----------
727 $r->_assert_checked();
728 return defined $r->{Assoc} ? $r->{Assoc} : '';
731 sub secret_hidden_html ($) {
733 return $r->{Cgi}->hidden(-name => $r->{S}{assoc_param_name},
734 -default => $r->secret_val());
737 sub secret_cookie ($) {
739 #print STDERR "SC\n";
740 my $cookv = $r->construct_cookie($r->secret_val());
741 #print STDERR "SC=$cookv\n";
749 CGI::Auth::Hybrid - web authentication optionally using cookies
753 my $verifier = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_verifier(setting => value,...);
754 my $authreq = $verifier->new_request($cgi_request_object);
756 my $authreq = CGI::Auth::Hybrid->new_request($cgi_request_object,
757 setting => value,...);
759 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR SIMPLE APPLICATIONS
761 $authreq->check_ok() or return;
764 $authreq->check_mutate();
767 =head1 USAGE PATTERN FOR FANCY APPLICATIONS
769 my $divert_kind = $authreq->check_divert();
771 if ($divert_kind eq 'LOGGEDOUT') {
772 print "goodbye you are now logged out" and quit
773 } elsif ($divert_kind eq 'NOCOOKIES') {
774 print "you need cookies" and quit
780 $authreq->check_mutate();