3 * Key exchange protocol
5 * (c) 2001 Straylight/Edgeware
8 /*----- Licensing notice --------------------------------------------------*
10 * This file is part of Trivial IP Encryption (TrIPE).
12 * TrIPE is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
13 * the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
14 * Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
15 * option) any later version.
17 * TrIPE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
18 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
23 * along with TrIPE. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
26 /*----- Header files ------------------------------------------------------*/
30 /*----- Brief protocol overview -------------------------------------------*
32 * Let %$G$% be a cyclic group; let %$g$% be a generator of %$G$%, and let
33 * %$q$% be the order of %$G$%; for a key %$K$%, let %$E_K(\cdot)$% denote
34 * application of the symmetric packet protocol to a message; let
35 * %$H(\cdot)$% be the random oracle. Let $\alpha \inr \{0,\ldots,q - 1\}$%
36 * be Alice's private key; let %$a = g^\alpha$% be her public key; let %$b$%
37 * be Bob's public key.
39 * At the beginning of the session, Alice chooses
41 * %$\rho_A \inr \{0, \ldots q - 1\}$%
45 * %$r_A = g^{\rho_A}$% Alice's challenge
46 * %$c_A = H(\cookie{cookie}, r_A)$% Alice's cookie
47 * %$v_A = \rho_A \xor H(\cookie{expected-reply}, a, r_A, r_B, b^{\rho_A})$%
48 * Alice's challenge check value
49 * %$r_B^\alpha = a^{\rho_B}$% Alice's reply
50 * %$K = r_B^{\rho_A} = r_B^{\rho_A} = g^{\rho_A\rho_B}$%
51 * Alice and Bob's shared secret key
52 * %$w_A = H(\cookie{switch-request}, c_A, c_B)$%
53 * Alice's switch request value
54 * %$u_A = H(\cookie{switch-confirm}, c_A, c_B)$%
55 * Alice's switch confirm value
57 * The messages are then:
59 * %$\cookie{kx-pre-challenge}, r_A$%
60 * Initial greeting. In state @KXS_CHAL@.
62 * %$\cookie{kx-challenge}, r_A, c_B, v_A$%
63 * Here's a full challenge for you to answer.
65 * %$\cookie{kx-reply}, r_A, c_B, v_A, E_K(r_B^\alpha))$%
66 * Challenge accpeted: here's the answer. Commit to my challenge. Move
69 * %$\cookie{kx-switch-rq}, c_A, c_B, E_K(r_B^\alpha, w_A))$%
70 * Reply received: here's my reply. Committed; send data; move to
73 * %$\cookie{kx-switch-ok}, E_K(u_A))$%
74 * Switch received. Committed; send data; move to @KXS_SWITCH@.
77 /*----- Static tables -----------------------------------------------------*/
79 static const char *const pkname[] = {
80 "pre-challenge", "challenge", "reply", "switch-rq", "switch-ok"
83 /*----- Various utilities -------------------------------------------------*/
87 * Arguments: @const keyexch *kx@ = key exchange state
88 * @time_t now@ = current time in seconds
90 * Returns: Whether the challenge in the key-exchange state is still
91 * valid or should be regenerated.
94 #define VALIDP(kx, now) ((now) < (kx)->t_valid)
98 * Arguments: @ghash *h@ = pointer to hash context
99 * @const dhgrp *g@ = pointer to group
100 * @const dhge *Y@ = pointer to group element
104 * Use: Adds the hash of a group element to the context. Corrupts
108 static void hashge(ghash *h, const dhgrp *g, const dhge *Y)
112 buf_init(&b, buf_t, sizeof(buf_t));
113 g->ops->stge(g, &b, Y, DHFMT_HASH);
115 GH_HASH(h, BBASE(&b), BLEN(&b));
118 /* --- @mpmask@ --- *
120 * Arguments: @buf *b@ = output buffer
121 * @const dhgrp *g@ = the group
122 * @const dhsc *x@ = the plaintext scalar
123 * @size_t n@ = the expected size of the plaintext
124 * @gcipher *mgfc@ = mask-generating function to use
125 * @const octet *k@ = pointer to key material
126 * @size_t ksz@ = size of the key
130 * Use: Masks a scalar: returns %$x \xor H(k)$%, so it's a random
131 * oracle thing rather than an encryption thing. Breaks the
132 * output buffer on error.
135 static void mpmask(buf *b, const dhgrp *g, const dhsc *x, size_t n,
136 const gccipher *mgfc, const octet *k, size_t ksz)
141 if ((p = buf_get(b, n)) == 0) return;
142 mgf = GC_INIT(mgfc, k, ksz);
143 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
144 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: masking scalar = %s", g->ops->scstr(g, x));
145 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: masking key", k, ksz);
147 if (g->ops->stsc(g, buf_t, n, x)) { buf_break(b); return; }
148 GC_ENCRYPT(mgf, buf_t, p, n);
149 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
150 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: scalar plaintext", buf_t, n);
151 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: masked ciphertext", p, n);
156 /* --- @mpunmask@ --- *
158 * Arguments: @const dhgrp *g@ = the group
159 * @const octet *p@ = pointer to the ciphertext
160 * @size_t n@ = the size of the ciphertext
161 * @gcipher *mgfc@ = mask-generating function to use
162 * @const octet *k@ = pointer to key material
163 * @size_t ksz@ = size of the key
165 * Returns: The decrypted scalar, or null.
167 * Use: Unmasks a scalar.
170 static dhsc *mpunmask(const dhgrp *g, const octet *p, size_t n,
171 const gccipher *mgfc, const octet *k, size_t ksz)
176 mgf = GC_INIT(mgfc, k, ksz);
177 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
178 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: unmasking key", k, ksz);
179 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: masked ciphertext", p, n);
181 GC_DECRYPT(mgf, p, buf_t, n);
182 x = g->ops->ldsc(g, buf_t, n);
183 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
184 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: scalar plaintext", buf_t, n);
185 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: unmasked scalar = %s",
186 x ? g->ops->scstr(g, x) : "<failed>");
192 /* --- @hashcheck@ --- *
194 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key-exchange block
195 * @const dhge *K@ = sender's public key
196 * @const dhge *CC@ = receiver's challenge
197 * @const dhge *C@ = sender's challenge
198 * @const dhge *Y@ = reply to sender's challenge
200 * Returns: Pointer to the hash value (in @buf_t@)
202 * Use: Computes the check-value hash, used to mask or unmask
203 * indices to prove the validity of challenges. This computes
204 * the masking key used in challenge check values. This is
205 * really the heart of the whole thing, since it ensures that
206 * the scalar can be recovered from the history of hashing
207 * queries, which gives us (a) a proof that the authentication
208 * process is zero-knowledge, and (b) a proof that the whole
209 * key-exchange is deniable.
212 static const octet *hashcheck(keyexch *kx, const dhge *K,
213 const dhge *CC, const dhge *C, const dhge *Y)
215 ghash *h = GH_INIT(kx->kpriv->algs.h);
216 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
218 HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-expected-reply");
224 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
225 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: computing challenge check hash");
226 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: public key = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, K));
227 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: receiver challenge = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, CC));
228 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: sender challenge = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, C));
229 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: sender reply = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, Y));
230 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: hash output", buf_t, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
236 /* --- @sendchallenge@ --- *
238 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
239 * @buf *b@ = output buffer for challenge
240 * @const dhge *C@ = peer's actual challenge
241 * @const octet *hc@ = peer's challenge cookie
245 * Use: Writes a full challenge to the message buffer.
248 static void sendchallenge(keyexch *kx, buf *b,
249 const dhge *C, const octet *hc)
251 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
252 g->ops->stge(g, b, kx->C, DHFMT_VAR);
253 buf_put(b, hc, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
254 mpmask(b, g, kx->a, g->scsz, kx->kpriv->algs.mgf,
255 hashcheck(kx, kx->kpriv->K, C, kx->C, kx->RX),
256 kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
261 * Arguments: @struct timeval *tv@ = the current time
262 * @void *v@ = pointer to key exchange context
266 * Use: Acts when the key exchange timer goes off.
269 static void timer(struct timeval *tv, void *v)
273 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: timer has popped"); )
277 /* --- @settimer@ --- *
279 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
280 * @struct timeval *tv@ = when to set the timer for
284 * Use: Sets the timer for the next key exchange attempt.
287 static void settimer(keyexch *kx, struct timeval *tv)
289 if (kx->f & KXF_TIMER) sel_rmtimer(&kx->t);
290 sel_addtimer(&sel, &kx->t, tv, timer, kx);
296 * Arguments: @struct timeval *tv@ = where to write the timeval
297 * @double t@ = a time as a floating point number
301 * Use: Converts a floating-point time into a timeval.
304 static void f2tv(struct timeval *tv, double t)
307 tv->tv_usec = (t - tv->tv_sec)*MILLION;
310 /* --- @wobble@ --- *
312 * Arguments: @double t@ = a time interval
314 * Returns: The same time interval, with a random error applied.
317 static double wobble(double t)
319 uint32 r = rand_global.ops->word(&rand_global);
320 double w = (r/F_2P32) - 0.5;
321 return (t + t*w*T_WOBBLE);
324 /* --- @rs_time@ --- *
326 * Arguments: @retry *rs@ = current retry state
327 * @struct timeval *tv@ = where to write the result
328 * @const struct timeval *now@ = current time, or null
332 * Use: Computes a time at which to retry sending a key-exchange
333 * packet. This algorithm is subject to change, but it's
334 * currently a capped exponential backoff, slightly randomized
335 * to try to keep clients from hammering a server that's only
338 * If @now@ is null then the function works out the time for
342 static void rs_time(retry *rs, struct timeval *tv, const struct timeval *now)
351 if (t > MIN(5)) t = MIN(5);
359 f2tv(&rtv, wobble(t));
360 TV_ADD(tv, now, &rtv);
363 /* --- @retry_reset@ --- *
365 * Arguments: @retry *rs@ = retry state
369 * Use: Resets a retry state to indicate that progress has been
370 * made. Also useful for initializing the state in the first
374 static void rs_reset(retry *rs) { rs->t = 0; }
376 /*----- Challenge management ----------------------------------------------*/
378 /* --- Notes on challenge management --- *
380 * We may get multiple different replies to our key exchange; some will be
381 * correct, some inserted by attackers. Up until @KX_THRESH@, all challenges
382 * received will be added to the table and given a full response. After
383 * @KX_THRESH@ distinct challenges are received, we return only a `cookie':
384 * our existing challenge, followed by a hash of the sender's challenge. We
385 * do %%\emph{not}%% give a bare challenge a reply slot at this stage. All
386 * properly-formed cookies are assigned a table slot: if none is spare, a
387 * used slot is randomly selected and destroyed. A cookie always receives a
391 /* --- @kxc_destroy@ --- *
393 * Arguments: @kxchal *kxc@ = pointer to the challenge block
397 * Use: Disposes of a challenge block.
400 static void kxc_destroy(kxchal *kxc)
402 const dhgrp *g = kxc->kx->kpriv->grp;
403 if (kxc->f & KXF_TIMER)
404 sel_rmtimer(&kxc->t);
405 g->ops->freege(g, kxc->C);
406 g->ops->freege(g, kxc->R);
411 /* --- @kxc_stoptimer@ --- *
413 * Arguments: @kxchal *kxc@ = pointer to the challenge block
417 * Use: Stops the challenge's retry timer from sending messages.
418 * Useful when the state machine is in the endgame of the
422 static void kxc_stoptimer(kxchal *kxc)
424 if (kxc->f & KXF_TIMER)
425 sel_rmtimer(&kxc->t);
426 kxc->f &= ~KXF_TIMER;
429 /* --- @kxc_new@ --- *
431 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
433 * Returns: A pointer to the challenge block.
435 * Use: Returns a pointer to a new challenge block to fill in.
436 * In particular, the @c@ and @r@ members are left
440 static kxchal *kxc_new(keyexch *kx)
445 /* --- If we're over reply threshold, discard one at random --- */
447 if (kx->nr < KX_NCHAL)
450 i = rand_global.ops->range(&rand_global, KX_NCHAL);
451 kxc_destroy(kx->r[i]);
454 /* --- Fill in the new structure --- */
456 kxc = CREATE(kxchal);
465 /* --- @kxc_bychal@ --- *
467 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
468 * @const dhge *C@ = challenge from remote host
470 * Returns: Pointer to the challenge block, or null.
472 * Use: Finds a challenge block, given its challenge.
475 static kxchal *kxc_bychal(keyexch *kx, const dhge *C)
477 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
480 for (i = 0; i < kx->nr; i++) {
481 if (g->ops->eq(g, C, kx->r[i]->C))
487 /* --- @kxc_byhc@ --- *
489 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
490 * @const octet *hc@ = challenge hash from remote host
492 * Returns: Pointer to the challenge block, or null.
494 * Use: Finds a challenge block, given a hash of its challenge.
497 static kxchal *kxc_byhc(keyexch *kx, const octet *hc)
501 for (i = 0; i < kx->nr; i++) {
502 if (memcmp(hc, kx->r[i]->hc, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz) == 0)
508 /* --- @kxc_answer@ --- *
510 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
511 * @kxchal *kxc@ = pointer to challenge block
515 * Use: Sends a reply to the remote host, according to the data in
516 * this challenge block.
519 static void kxc_answer(keyexch *kx, kxchal *kxc);
521 static void kxc_timer(struct timeval *tv, void *v)
524 kxc->f &= ~KXF_TIMER;
525 kxc_answer(kxc->kx, kxc);
528 static void kxc_answer(keyexch *kx, kxchal *kxc)
530 stats *st = p_stats(kx->p);
531 buf *b = p_txstart(kx->p, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_REPLY);
532 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
536 /* --- Build the reply packet --- */
538 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: sending reply to `%s'", p_name(kx->p)); )
539 sendchallenge(kx, b, kxc->C, kxc->hc);
540 buf_init(&bb, buf_i, sizeof(buf_i));
541 g->ops->stge(g, &bb, kxc->R, DHFMT_STD);
543 ks_encrypt(kxc->ks, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_REPLY, &bb, b);
545 /* --- Update the statistics --- */
549 st->sz_kxout += BLEN(b);
553 /* --- Schedule another resend --- */
555 if (kxc->f & KXF_TIMER)
556 sel_rmtimer(&kxc->t);
557 gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
558 rs_time(&kxc->rs, &tv, &tv);
559 sel_addtimer(&sel, &kxc->t, &tv, kxc_timer, kxc);
563 /*----- Individual message handlers ---------------------------------------*/
565 /* --- @doprechallenge@ --- *
567 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
568 * @buf *b@ = buffer containing the packet
570 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero of the packet was rejected.
572 * Use: Processes a pre-challenge message.
575 static int doprechallenge(keyexch *kx, buf *b)
577 stats *st = p_stats(kx->p);
578 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
582 /* --- Ensure that we're in a sensible state --- */
584 if (kx->s != KXS_CHAL) {
585 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "unexpected", "pre-challenge", A_END);
589 /* --- Unpack the packet --- */
591 if ((C = g->ops->ldge(g, b, DHFMT_VAR)) == 0 || BLEFT(b))
594 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
595 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: challenge = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, C));
598 /* --- Send out a full challenge by return --- */
600 b = p_txstart(kx->p, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_CHAL);
601 h = GH_INIT(kx->kpriv->algs.h);
602 HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-cookie");
604 sendchallenge(kx, b, C, GH_DONE(h, 0));
607 st->sz_kxout += BLEN(b);
612 g->ops->freege(g, C);
616 if (C) g->ops->freege(g, C);
620 /* --- @respond@ --- *
622 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
623 * @unsigned msg@ = message code for this packet
624 * @buf *b@ = buffer containing the packet
626 * Returns: Key-exchange challenge block, or null.
628 * Use: Computes a response for the given challenge, entering it into
629 * a challenge block and so on.
632 static kxchal *respond(keyexch *kx, unsigned msg, buf *b)
634 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
635 const algswitch *algs = &kx->kpriv->algs;
636 size_t ixsz = g->scsz;
641 const octet *hc, *ck;
648 /* --- Unpack the packet --- */
650 if ((C = g->ops->ldge(g, b, DHFMT_VAR)) == 0 ||
651 (hc = buf_get(b, algs->hashsz)) == 0 ||
652 (ck = buf_get(b, ixsz)) == 0) {
653 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "%s", pkname[msg], A_END);
656 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
657 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: challenge = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, C));
658 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: cookie", hc, algs->hashsz);
659 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: check-value", ck, ixsz);
662 /* --- Discard a packet with an invalid cookie --- */
664 if (hc && memcmp(hc, kx->hc, algs->hashsz) != 0) {
665 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "incorrect", "cookie", A_END);
669 /* --- Recover the check value and verify it --- *
671 * To avoid recomputation on replays, we store a hash of the `right'
672 * value. The `correct' value is unique, so this is right.
674 * This will also find a challenge block and, if necessary, populate it.
677 if ((kxc = kxc_bychal(kx, C)) != 0) {
678 h = GH_INIT(algs->h);
679 HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-check-hash");
680 GH_HASH(h, ck, ixsz);
681 ok = !memcmp(kxc->ck, GH_DONE(h, 0), algs->hashsz);
683 if (!ok) goto badcheck;
686 /* --- Compute the reply, and check the magic --- */
688 R = g->ops->mul(g, kx->kpriv->k, C);
689 if ((c = mpunmask(g, ck, ixsz, algs->mgf,
690 hashcheck(kx, kx->kpub->K, kx->C, C, R),
693 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
694 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: computed reply = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, R));
695 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: recovered log = %s", g->ops->scstr(g, c));
697 CC = g->ops->mul(g, c, 0);
698 if (!g->ops->eq(g, CC, C)) goto badcheck;
700 /* --- Fill in a new challenge block --- */
706 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-check-hash");
707 GH_HASH(h, ck, ixsz);
708 GH_DONE(h, kxc->ck); GH_DESTROY(h);
710 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-cookie");
711 hashge(h, g, kxc->C);
712 GH_DONE(h, kxc->hc); GH_DESTROY(h);
714 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
715 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: computed cookie",
716 kxc->hc, algs->hashsz);
719 /* --- Work out the shared key --- */
721 R = g->ops->mul(g, kx->a, kxc->C);
722 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
723 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: shared secret = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, R));
726 /* --- Compute the switch messages --- */
728 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-switch-request");
729 hashge(h, g, kx->C); hashge(h, g, kxc->C);
730 GH_DONE(h, kxc->hswrq_out); GH_DESTROY(h);
731 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-switch-confirm");
732 hashge(h, g, kx->C); hashge(h, g, kxc->C);
733 GH_DONE(h, kxc->hswok_out); GH_DESTROY(h);
735 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-switch-request");
736 hashge(h, g, kxc->C); hashge(h, g, kx->C);
737 GH_DONE(h, kxc->hswrq_in); GH_DESTROY(h);
738 h = GH_INIT(algs->h); HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-switch-confirm");
739 hashge(h, g, kxc->C); hashge(h, g, kx->C);
740 GH_DONE(h, kxc->hswok_in); GH_DESTROY(h);
742 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
743 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: outbound switch request",
744 kxc->hswrq_out, algs->hashsz);
745 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: outbound switch confirm",
746 kxc->hswok_out, algs->hashsz);
747 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: inbound switch request",
748 kxc->hswrq_in, algs->hashsz);
749 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: inbound switch confirm",
750 kxc->hswok_in, algs->hashsz);
753 /* --- Create a new symmetric keyset --- */
755 buf_init(&bb, buf_o, sizeof(buf_o)); a.k = BBASE(&bb);
756 g->ops->stge(g, &bb, kx->C, DHFMT_HASH); a.x = BLEN(&bb);
757 g->ops->stge(g, &bb, kxc->C, DHFMT_HASH); a.y = BLEN(&bb);
758 g->ops->stge(g, &bb, R, DHFMT_HASH); a.z = BLEN(&bb);
761 kxc->ks = ks_gen(&a, kx->p);
764 if (C) g->ops->freege(g, C);
765 if (CC) g->ops->freege(g, CC);
766 if (R) g->ops->freege(g, R);
767 if (c) g->ops->freesc(g, c);
771 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "bad-expected-reply-log", A_END);
774 if (C) g->ops->freege(g, C);
775 if (CC) g->ops->freege(g, CC);
776 if (R) g->ops->freege(g, R);
777 if (c) g->ops->freesc(g, c);
781 /* --- @dochallenge@ --- *
783 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
784 * @unsigned msg@ = message code for the packet
785 * @buf *b@ = buffer containing the packet
787 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if the packet was rejected.
789 * Use: Processes a packet containing a challenge.
792 static int dochallenge(keyexch *kx, buf *b)
796 if (kx->s != KXS_CHAL) {
797 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "unexpected", "challenge", A_END);
800 if ((kxc = respond(kx, KX_CHAL, b)) == 0)
803 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "challenge", A_END);
813 /* --- @resend@ --- *
815 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
819 * Use: Sends the next message for a key exchange.
822 static void resend(keyexch *kx)
826 stats *st = p_stats(kx->p);
828 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
833 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: sending prechallenge to `%s'",
835 b = p_txstart(kx->p, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_PRECHAL);
836 g->ops->stge(g, b, kx->C, DHFMT_VAR);
839 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: sending switch request to `%s'",
842 b = p_txstart(kx->p, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_SWITCH);
843 buf_put(b, kx->hc, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
844 buf_put(b, kxc->hc, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
845 buf_init(&bb, buf_i, sizeof(buf_i));
846 g->ops->stge(g, &bb, kxc->R, DHFMT_STD);
847 buf_put(&bb, kxc->hswrq_out, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
849 ks_encrypt(kxc->ks, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_SWITCH, &bb, b);
852 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: sending switch confirmation to `%s'",
855 b = p_txstart(kx->p, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_SWITCHOK);
856 buf_init(&bb, buf_i, sizeof(buf_i));
857 buf_put(&bb, kxc->hswok_out, kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz);
859 ks_encrypt(kxc->ks, MSG_KEYEXCH | KX_SWITCHOK, &bb, b);
867 st->sz_kxout += BLEN(b);
871 if (kx->s < KXS_SWITCH) {
872 rs_time(&kx->rs, &tv, 0);
877 /* --- @decryptrest@ --- *
879 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
880 * @kxchal *kxc@ = pointer to challenge block
881 * @unsigned msg@ = type of incoming message
882 * @buf *b@ = encrypted remainder of the packet
884 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero on some kind of error.
886 * Use: Decrypts the remainder of the packet, and points @b@ at the
887 * recovered plaintext.
890 static int decryptrest(keyexch *kx, kxchal *kxc, unsigned msg, buf *b)
894 buf_init(&bb, buf_o, sizeof(buf_o));
895 if (ks_decrypt(kxc->ks, MSG_KEYEXCH | msg, b, &bb)) {
896 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "decrypt-failed", "%s", pkname[msg], A_END);
899 if (!BOK(&bb)) return (-1);
900 buf_init(b, BBASE(&bb), BLEN(&bb));
904 /* --- @checkresponse@ --- *
906 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
907 * @unsigned msg@ = type of incoming message
908 * @buf *b@ = decrypted remainder of the packet
910 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero on some kind of error.
912 * Use: Checks a reply or switch packet, ensuring that its response
916 static int checkresponse(keyexch *kx, unsigned msg, buf *b)
918 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
921 if ((R = g->ops->ldge(g, b, DHFMT_STD)) == 0) {
922 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "%s", pkname[msg], A_END);
925 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
926 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: reply = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, R));
928 if (!g->ops->eq(g, R, kx->RX)) {
929 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "incorrect", "response", A_END);
933 g->ops->freege(g, R);
937 if (R) g->ops->freege(g, R);
941 /* --- @commit@ --- *
943 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
944 * @kxchal *kxc@ = pointer to challenge to commit to
948 * Use: Commits to a particular challenge as being the `right' one,
949 * since a reply has arrived for it.
952 static void commit(keyexch *kx, kxchal *kxc)
956 for (i = 0; i < kx->nr; i++) {
958 kxc_destroy(kx->r[i]);
963 ksl_link(kx->ks, kxc->ks);
966 /* --- @doreply@ --- *
968 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
969 * @buf *b@ = buffer containing packet
971 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if the packet was rejected.
973 * Use: Handles a reply packet. This doesn't handle the various
974 * switch packets: they're rather too different.
977 static int doreply(keyexch *kx, buf *b)
981 if (kx->s != KXS_CHAL && kx->s != KXS_COMMIT) {
982 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "unexpected", "reply", A_END);
985 if ((kxc = respond(kx, KX_REPLY, b)) == 0 ||
986 decryptrest(kx, kxc, KX_REPLY, b) ||
987 checkresponse(kx, KX_REPLY, b))
990 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "reply", A_END);
993 if (kx->s == KXS_CHAL) {
1004 /* --- @kxfinish@ --- *
1006 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
1010 * Use: Sets everything up following a successful key exchange.
1013 static void kxfinish(keyexch *kx)
1015 kxchal *kxc = kx->r[0];
1016 struct timeval now, tv;
1018 ks_activate(kxc->ks);
1019 gettimeofday(&now, 0);
1020 f2tv(&tv, wobble(T_REGEN));
1021 TV_ADD(&tv, &now, &tv);
1024 a_notify("KXDONE", "?PEER", kx->p, A_END);
1025 p_stats(kx->p)->t_kx = time(0);
1028 /* --- @doswitch@ --- *
1030 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
1031 * @buf *b@ = pointer to buffer containing packet
1033 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if the packet was rejected.
1035 * Use: Handles a reply with a switch request bolted onto it.
1038 static int doswitch(keyexch *kx, buf *b)
1040 size_t hsz = kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz;
1041 const octet *hc_in, *hc_out, *hswrq;
1044 if ((hc_in = buf_get(b, hsz)) == 0 ||
1045 (hc_out = buf_get(b, hsz)) == 0) {
1046 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "switch-rq", A_END);
1049 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
1050 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: challenge", hc_in, hsz);
1051 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: cookie", hc_out, hsz);
1053 if ((kxc = kxc_byhc(kx, hc_in)) == 0 ||
1054 memcmp(hc_out, kx->hc, hsz) != 0) {
1055 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "incorrect", "switch-rq", A_END);
1058 if (decryptrest(kx, kxc, KX_SWITCH, b) ||
1059 checkresponse(kx, KX_SWITCH, b))
1061 if ((hswrq = buf_get(b, hsz)) == 0 || BLEFT(b)) {
1062 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "switch-rq", A_END);
1065 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, {
1066 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: switch request hash", hswrq, hsz);
1068 if (memcmp(hswrq, kxc->hswrq_in, hsz) != 0) {
1069 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "incorrect", "switch-rq", A_END);
1072 if (kx->s == KXS_CHAL)
1074 if (kx->s < KXS_SWITCH)
1083 /* --- @doswitchok@ --- *
1085 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange block
1086 * @buf *b@ = pointer to buffer containing packet
1088 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if the packet was rejected.
1090 * Use: Handles a reply with a switch request bolted onto it.
1093 static int doswitchok(keyexch *kx, buf *b)
1095 size_t hsz = kx->kpriv->algs.hashsz;
1100 if (kx->s < KXS_COMMIT) {
1101 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "unexpected", "switch-ok", A_END);
1105 buf_init(&bb, buf_o, sizeof(buf_o));
1106 if (decryptrest(kx, kxc, KX_SWITCHOK, b))
1108 if ((hswok = buf_get(b, hsz)) == 0 || BLEFT(b)) {
1109 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "invalid", "switch-ok", A_END);
1112 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, {
1113 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: switch confirmation hash",
1116 if (memcmp(hswok, kxc->hswok_in, hsz) != 0) {
1117 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "incorrect", "switch-ok", A_END);
1120 if (kx->s < KXS_SWITCH)
1128 /*----- Main code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
1132 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1136 * Use: Stops a key exchange dead in its tracks. Throws away all of
1137 * the context information. The context is left in an
1138 * inconsistent state. The only functions which understand this
1139 * state are @kx_free@ and @kx_init@ (which cause it internally
1140 * it), and @start@ (which expects it to be the prevailing
1144 static void stop(keyexch *kx)
1146 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
1149 if (kx->f & KXF_DEAD)
1152 if (kx->f & KXF_TIMER)
1153 sel_rmtimer(&kx->t);
1154 for (i = 0; i < kx->nr; i++)
1155 kxc_destroy(kx->r[i]);
1156 g->ops->freesc(g, kx->a);
1157 g->ops->freege(g, kx->C);
1158 g->ops->freege(g, kx->RX);
1161 kx->f &= ~KXF_TIMER;
1164 /* --- @start@ --- *
1166 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1167 * @time_t now@ = the current time
1171 * Use: Starts a new key exchange with the peer. The context must be
1172 * in the bizarre state left by @stop@ or @kx_init@.
1175 static void start(keyexch *kx, time_t now)
1177 algswitch *algs = &kx->kpriv->algs;
1178 const dhgrp *g = kx->kpriv->grp;
1181 assert(kx->f & KXF_DEAD);
1183 kx->f &= ~(KXF_DEAD | KXF_CORK);
1185 kx->a = g->ops->randsc(g);
1186 kx->C = g->ops->mul(g, kx->a, 0);
1187 kx->RX = g->ops->mul(g, kx->a, kx->kpub->K);
1189 kx->t_valid = now + T_VALID;
1191 h = GH_INIT(algs->h);
1192 HASH_STRING(h, "tripe-cookie");
1193 hashge(h, g, kx->C);
1197 IF_TRACING(T_KEYEXCH, {
1198 trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: creating new challenge");
1199 IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, {
1200 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: secret = %s", g->ops->scstr(g, kx->a));
1201 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: challenge = %s", g->ops->gestr(g, kx->C));
1202 trace(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: expected response = %s",
1203 g->ops->gestr(g, kx->RX));
1204 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, "crypto: challenge cookie",
1205 kx->hc, algs->hashsz);
1210 /* --- @checkpub@ --- *
1212 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1214 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if the peer's public key has expired.
1216 * Use: Deactivates the key-exchange until the peer acquires a new
1220 static int checkpub(keyexch *kx)
1225 if (kx->f & KXF_DEAD)
1228 if (KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpriv->t_exp)) f |= 1;
1229 if (KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpub->t_exp)) f |= 2;
1232 if (f & 1) a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "private-key-expired", A_END);
1233 if (f & 2) a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "public-key-expired", A_END);
1234 kx->f &= ~KXF_PUBKEY;
1240 /* --- @kx_start@ --- *
1242 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1243 * @int forcep@ = nonzero to ignore the quiet timer
1247 * Use: Stimulates a key exchange. If a key exchage is in progress,
1248 * a new challenge is sent (unless the quiet timer forbids
1249 * this); if no exchange is in progress, one is commenced.
1252 void kx_start(keyexch *kx, int forcep)
1254 time_t now = time(0);
1258 if (forcep || !VALIDP(kx, now)) {
1261 a_notify("KXSTART", "?PEER", kx->p, A_END);
1266 /* --- @kx_message@ --- *
1268 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1269 * @unsigned msg@ = the message code
1270 * @buf *b@ = pointer to buffer containing the packet
1274 * Use: Reads a packet containing key exchange messages and handles
1278 void kx_message(keyexch *kx, unsigned msg, buf *b)
1280 struct timeval now, tv;
1281 stats *st = p_stats(kx->p);
1285 gettimeofday(&now, 0);
1287 if (kx->f & KXF_CORK) {
1288 start(kx, now.tv_sec);
1289 rs_time(&kx->rs, &tv, &now);
1291 a_notify("KXSTART", "?PEER", kx->p, A_END);
1297 if (!VALIDP(kx, now.tv_sec)) {
1299 start(kx, now.tv_sec);
1301 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: processing %s packet from `%s'",
1302 msg < KX_NMSG ? pkname[msg] : "unknown", p_name(kx->p)); )
1306 rc = doprechallenge(kx, b);
1309 rc = dochallenge(kx, b);
1312 rc = doreply(kx, b);
1315 rc = doswitch(kx, b);
1318 rc = doswitchok(kx, b);
1321 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", kx->p, "unknown-message", "0x%02x", msg, A_END);
1334 /* --- @kx_free@ --- *
1336 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1340 * Use: Frees everything in a key exchange context.
1343 void kx_free(keyexch *kx)
1347 km_unref(kx->kpriv);
1350 /* --- @kx_newkeys@ --- *
1352 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1356 * Use: Informs the key exchange module that its keys may have
1357 * changed. If fetching the new keys fails, the peer will be
1358 * destroyed, we log messages and struggle along with the old
1362 void kx_newkeys(keyexch *kx)
1364 kdata *kpriv, *kpub;
1367 time_t now = time(0);
1369 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: checking new keys for `%s'",
1372 /* --- Find out whether we can use new keys --- *
1374 * Try each available combination of new and old, public and private,
1375 * except both old (which is status quo anyway). The selection is encoded
1376 * in @i@, with bit 0 for the private key and bit 1 for public key; a set
1377 * bit means to use the old value, and a clear bit means to use the new
1380 * This means that we currently prefer `old private and new public' over
1381 * `new private and old public'. I'm not sure which way round this should
1385 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
1387 /* --- Select the keys we're going to examine --- *
1389 * If we're meant to have a new key and don't, then skip this
1393 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: checking %s private, %s public",
1394 i & 1 ? "old" : "new", i & 2 ? "old" : "new"); )
1396 if (i & 1) kpriv = kx->kpriv;
1397 else if (kx->kpriv->kn->kd != kx->kpriv) kpriv = kx->kpriv->kn->kd;
1399 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: private key unchanged, skipping"); )
1403 if (i & 2) kpub = kx->kpub;
1404 else if (kx->kpub->kn->kd != kx->kpub) kpub = kx->kpub->kn->kd;
1406 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: public key unchanged, skipping"); )
1410 /* --- Skip if either key is expired --- *
1412 * We're not going to get far with expired keys, and this simplifies the
1416 if (KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpriv->t_exp) ||
1417 KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpub->t_exp)) {
1418 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: %s expired, skipping",
1419 !KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpriv->t_exp) ? "public key" :
1420 !KEY_EXPIRED(now, kx->kpub->t_exp) ? "private key" :
1425 /* --- If the groups don't match then we can't use this pair --- */
1427 if (!km_samealgsp(kpriv, kpub)) {
1428 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: peer `%s' group mismatch; "
1429 "%s priv `%s' and %s pub `%s'", p_name(kx->p),
1430 i & 1 ? "old" : "new", km_tag(kx->kpriv),
1431 i & 2 ? "old" : "new", km_tag(kx->kpub)); )
1436 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: peer `%s' continuing with old keys",
1440 /* --- We've chosen new keys --- *
1442 * Switch the new ones into place. Neither of the keys we're switching to
1443 * is expired (we checked that above), so we should just crank everything
1446 * A complication arises: we don't really want to force a new key exchange
1447 * unless we have to. If the group is unchanged, and we're currently
1448 * running OK, then we should just let things lie.
1452 switchp = ((kx->f & KXF_DEAD) ||
1453 kx->s != KXS_SWITCH ||
1454 kpriv->grp->ops != kx->kpriv->grp->ops ||
1455 !kpriv->grp->ops->samegrpp(kpriv->grp, kx->kpriv->grp));
1457 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: peer `%s' adopting "
1458 "%s priv `%s' and %s pub `%s'; %sforcing exchange", p_name(kx->p),
1459 i & 1 ? "old" : "new", km_tag(kx->kpriv),
1460 i & 2 ? "old" : "new", km_tag(kx->kpub),
1461 switchp ? "" : "not "); )
1463 if (switchp) stop(kx);
1464 km_ref(kpriv); km_unref(kx->kpriv); kx->kpriv = kpriv;
1465 km_ref(kpub); km_unref(kx->kpub); kx->kpub = kpub;
1466 kx->f |= KXF_PUBKEY;
1468 T( trace(T_KEYEXCH, "keyexch: restarting key negotiation with `%s'",
1475 /* --- @kx_init@ --- *
1477 * Arguments: @keyexch *kx@ = pointer to key exchange context
1478 * @peer *p@ = pointer to peer context
1479 * @keyset **ks@ = pointer to keyset list
1480 * @unsigned f@ = various useful flags
1482 * Returns: Zero if OK, nonzero if it failed.
1484 * Use: Initializes a key exchange module. The module currently
1485 * contains no keys, and will attempt to initiate a key
1489 int kx_init(keyexch *kx, peer *p, keyset **ks, unsigned f)
1491 if ((kx->kpriv = km_findpriv(p_privtag(p))) == 0) goto fail_0;
1492 if ((kx->kpub = km_findpub(p_tag(p))) == 0) goto fail_1;
1493 if (!km_samealgsp(kx->kpriv, kx->kpub)) {
1494 a_warn("KX", "?PEER", p, "group-mismatch",
1495 "local-private-key", "%s", p_privtag(p),
1496 "peer-public-key", "%s", p_tag(p),
1503 kx->f = KXF_DEAD | KXF_PUBKEY | f;
1505 if (!(kx->f & KXF_CORK)) {
1508 /* Don't notify here: the ADD message hasn't gone out yet. */
1515 km_unref(kx->kpriv);
1520 /*----- That's all, folks -------------------------------------------------*/