chiark / gitweb /
Merge branch 'arkkra' into shiny
[mup] / mup / mup / grpsyl.c
diff --git a/mup/mup/grpsyl.c b/mup/mup/grpsyl.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..fee4085
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,3427 @@
+
+/* Copyright (c) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 by Arkkra Enterprises */
+/* All rights reserved */
+
+/* functions for building up lists of GRPSYL structs,
+ * error checking them, etc. These functions are called at parse
+ * time from gram.y */
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "defines.h"
+#include "structs.h"
+#include "globals.h"
+
+/* 1-line staff allows for default pitch on first chord of measure. However,
+ * at the time we are gathering note information, it may not be known whether
+ * we are on a 1-line staff or not, so it is temporarily set to PP_NO_PITCH,
+ * then later if we have a 1-line staff, it gets converted to default of C4 */
+#define DFLT_PITCH     'c'
+#define DFLT_OCT       4
+
+/* how many NOTE structs to allocate at a time. We don't know in advance
+ * how many we'll need, so get a bunch and realloc as necessary. */
+#define NOTE_CHUNK (4)
+
+static int Tuplet_state = NOITEM;      /* current tuplet state */
+static struct GRPSYL *Tuplet_list_p;   /* first GRPSYL in a tuplet group */
+static short Slur_begin;       /* slurtolist index at which <> began */
+
+/* static functions */
+static void clone_notelist P((struct GRPSYL *new_p, struct GRPSYL *old_p,
+               int copy_acc_etc));
+static void finish_bar P((void));
+static void restart_bar P((void));
+static void fix_grpsyl_list P((struct MAINLL *mainll_item_p));
+static void fix_a_group_list P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyllist_p, int staffno,
+               int vno, char *fname, int lineno, int mrptnum,
+               struct TIMEDSSV * tssv_p));
+static void chk_a_syl_list P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p, char *fname,
+               int lineno));
+
+/* change relative octaves to absolute */
+static void resolve_octaves P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p,
+               int default_octave));
+static void fix_frets P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p));
+static int string_number P((struct STRINGINFO *stringinfo_p, int nstrings,
+               int letter, int accidental, int nticks));
+
+static void check_grace P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p, char *fname,
+               int lineno));
+static void fix_strlist P((struct GRPSYL *gs_p, int font, int size,
+               char *fname, int lineno));
+static void check4missing_voices P((struct MAINLL *list_p));
+static void fix_mrpt P((struct MAINLL *mll_p));
+static int chk_mrpt_ssv_interactions P((struct SSV *ssv_p, struct GRPSYL *gs_p,
+               int staffno));
+static int is_ms P((struct GRPSYL *gs_p));
+static int voices_override P((int staff, int field));
+static void sort_notes P((struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p, char *fname, int lineno));
+static int parse_bend_string P((char *bendstring));
+static void check_bends P((struct GRPSYL *gs_p, struct MAINLL *mll_p));
+\f
+
+/* allocate a new GRPSYL struct and return a pointer to it */
+
+struct GRPSYL *
+newGRPSYL(grp_or_syl)
+
+int grp_or_syl;                /* GS_GROUP or GS_SYLLABLE */
+
+{
+       struct GRPSYL *new_p;
+
+
+       /* allocate a new structure */
+       CALLOC(GRPSYL, new_p, 1);
+
+       /* fill in default values */
+       new_p->grpsize = GS_NORMAL;
+       new_p->grpvalue = GV_NORMAL;
+       new_p->grpcont = GC_NOTES;
+       new_p->beamloc = NOITEM;
+       new_p->breakbeam = NO;
+       new_p->tuploc = NOITEM;
+       new_p->grpsyl = (short) grp_or_syl;
+       new_p->roll = NOITEM;
+       new_p->inputfile = Curr_filename;
+       new_p->inputlineno = (short) yylineno;
+       new_p->normwith = YES;
+       new_p->stemdir = (short) UNKNOWN;
+       new_p->beamto = CS_SAME;
+       new_p->stemto = CS_SAME;
+       /* default to no user-specified stem length */
+       new_p->stemlen = STEMLEN_UNKNOWN;
+       /* default to no user-specified rest dist */
+       new_p->restdist = NORESTDIST;
+       /* default to no user-specified syllable position */
+       new_p->sylposition = NOSYLPOSITION;
+       /* no clef change before this group */
+       new_p->clef = NOCLEF;
+       /* by default, placement will figure out the note head shape */
+       new_p->headshape = HS_UNKNOWN;
+       /* let Mup figure out angle for beams */
+       new_p->beamslope = NOBEAMANGLE;
+       /* everything else zero-ed is proper default */
+
+       return(new_p);
+}
+\f
+
+/* Copy group attributes (grpsize, grpvalue, "with" list, etc)
+ * from one GRPSYL to another */
+
+void
+copy_attributes(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *newgrp_p;       /* copy info into this one */
+struct GRPSYL *oldgrp_p;       /* copy from this one */
+
+{
+       if (oldgrp_p == 0) {
+               yyerror("empty [] not allowed on the first chord of a measure");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       newgrp_p->grpvalue = oldgrp_p->grpvalue;
+       newgrp_p->grpsize = oldgrp_p->grpsize;
+       newgrp_p->headshape = oldgrp_p->headshape;
+       newgrp_p->stemdir = oldgrp_p->stemdir;
+       newgrp_p->stemlen = oldgrp_p->stemlen;
+       newgrp_p->ho_usage = oldgrp_p->ho_usage;
+       newgrp_p->ho_value = oldgrp_p->ho_value;
+
+       clone_withlist(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p);
+
+       if (oldgrp_p->slash_alt > 0) {
+               newgrp_p->slash_alt = oldgrp_p->slash_alt;
+       }
+       newgrp_p->padding = oldgrp_p->padding;
+       /* restdist is only used for rests, but easiest to just always copy,
+        * since grpcont hasn't been set yet.  */
+       newgrp_p->restdist = oldgrp_p->restdist;
+}
+\f
+
+/* make a copy of withlist */
+
+void
+clone_withlist(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *newgrp_p;
+struct GRPSYL *oldgrp_p;
+
+{
+       register int n;         /* index through with list */
+
+
+       newgrp_p->nwith = oldgrp_p->nwith;
+       if (oldgrp_p->nwith > 0) {
+               MALLOCA(char *, newgrp_p->withlist, oldgrp_p->nwith);
+               for (n = 0; n < oldgrp_p->nwith; n++) {
+                       newgrp_p->withlist[n] =
+                                       copy_string(oldgrp_p->withlist[n] + 2,
+                                       Curr_font, Curr_size);
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* Copy timeunit info from one GRPSYL to another,
+ * or use default if source is NULL. If needed to use default timeunit,
+ * and that included additive times, returns pointer to the list of those
+ * times, else return NULL. */
+
+struct TIMELIST *
+copy_timeunit(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p, timelist_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *newgrp_p;       /* copy info into here */
+struct GRPSYL *oldgrp_p;       /* copy from here. If NULL, use default value */
+struct TIMELIST *timelist_p;   /* If non-null use this instead of oldgrp_p */
+
+{
+       struct SSV *ssv_p;
+
+       ssv_p = 0;
+
+       if (oldgrp_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+
+               /* use default timeunit. Have to figure out differently for
+                * lyrics than notes, because for lyrics the voice depends
+                * on the lyrics place. */
+               if (newgrp_p->grpsyl == GS_GROUP) {
+                       ssv_p = get_dflt_timeunit_ssv();
+               }
+               else {
+                       ssv_p = get_lyr_dflt_timeunit_ssv();
+               }
+               newgrp_p->fulltime = ssv_p->timeunit;
+
+               newgrp_p->basictime = reconstruct_basictime(newgrp_p->fulltime);
+               newgrp_p->dots = recalc_dots(newgrp_p->fulltime,
+                                                       newgrp_p->basictime);
+               return(ssv_p->timelist_p);
+       }
+
+       else {
+               RATIONAL basictime;
+
+               newgrp_p->basictime = oldgrp_p->basictime;
+               newgrp_p->dots = oldgrp_p->dots;
+
+               /* actual time value is (2 * basictime)
+                *      - (basic_time x 1/2 to the (dots) power) */
+               /* can't just copy the fulltime from oldgrp, because that
+                * may have been altered if it was a tuplet */
+               if (newgrp_p->basictime == 0) {
+                       /* strange case of double whole, stored as zero */
+                       basictime.n = 2;
+                       basictime.d = 1;
+               }
+               else if (newgrp_p->basictime == -1) {
+                       /* strange case of quad whole, stored as -1 */
+                       basictime.n = 4;
+                       basictime.d = 1;
+               }
+               else {
+                       basictime.n = 1;
+                       basictime.d = newgrp_p->basictime;
+               }
+
+               newgrp_p->fulltime = calcfulltime(basictime, newgrp_p->dots);
+       }
+
+       /* note that tuplet values are dealt with in end_tuplet(). Once we
+        * collect an entire tuplet, we can go through and multiply
+        * the fulltimes by the appropriate amount */
+       return(timelist_p);
+}
+\f
+
+/* copy notes (list of NOTE structs) from one GRPSYL to another, along with
+ * a few group attributes that should be copied when a GRPSYL is copied. */
+
+void
+copy_notes(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *newgrp_p;       /* copy into here */
+struct GRPSYL *oldgrp_p;       /* copy from here */
+
+{
+       /* first GRPSYL in bar must have notes specified */
+       if (oldgrp_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               add_note(newgrp_p, PP_NO_PITCH, '\0', DFLT_OCT, 0, NO, (char *) 0);
+               newgrp_p->notelist [ newgrp_p->nnotes ].tie = NO;
+               newgrp_p->notelist [ newgrp_p->nnotes ].notesize = GS_NORMAL;
+       }
+
+       else {
+               /* there was a previous GRPSYL -- use it for defaults */
+               newgrp_p->grpcont = oldgrp_p->grpcont;
+               clone_notelist(newgrp_p, oldgrp_p, NO);
+               newgrp_p->is_meas = oldgrp_p->is_meas;
+               newgrp_p->uncompressible = oldgrp_p->uncompressible;
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* once the info about a group has been gathered,
+ * add it to list of GRPSYL structs */
+
+void
+link_notegroup(newgrp_p, last_grp_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *newgrp_p;               /* one to add on */
+struct GRPSYL *last_grp_p;             /* one to add it onto */
+
+{
+       int n;
+
+       debug(4, "link_notegroup file=%s line=%d", newgrp_p->inputfile,
+                               newgrp_p->inputlineno);
+
+       if (last_grp_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               /* first one: we need to keep a pointer to this one to
+                * link onto one or more STAFF structs later */
+               Curr_gs_list_p = newgrp_p;
+       }
+
+       else {
+               /* link onto list */
+               last_grp_p->next = newgrp_p;
+       }
+       newgrp_p->prev = last_grp_p;
+
+       /* fill in tuplet information, based on current state. Adjust tuplet
+        * state if necessary for use with later groups */
+       newgrp_p->tuploc = (short) Tuplet_state;
+       if (Tuplet_state == STARTITEM) {
+               Tuplet_list_p = newgrp_p;
+               Tuplet_state = INITEM;
+       }
+
+       /* We don't have a quad whole note character,
+        * so don't allow 1/4 on notes */
+       if (EQ(newgrp_p->fulltime, Four)) {
+               for (n = 0; n < newgrp_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (newgrp_p->notelist[n].letter >= 'a' &&
+                                       newgrp_p->notelist[n].letter <= 'g') {
+                               yyerror("1/4 not allowed on notes");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* dist is only allowed on rests */
+       if (newgrp_p->restdist != NORESTDIST) {
+               for (n = 0; n < newgrp_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (newgrp_p->notelist[n].letter != PP_REST) {
+                               yyerror("dist only allowed on rests");
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* make a copy of a linked list of GRPSYL structs and return a pointer to it */
+/* Note that while this function is called for both groups and syllables,
+ * lyric syllables are not copied by this function. Lyrics syllables are
+ * handled in lyrics.c  */
+
+struct GRPSYL *
+clone_gs_list(list_p, copy_noteinfo)
+
+struct GRPSYL *list_p; /* the list to be cloned */
+int copy_noteinfo;     /* if YES, copy notes and with lists */
+
+{
+       struct GRPSYL *new_p, *newlist_p;
+       struct GRPSYL *prev_p = (struct GRPSYL *) 0;    /* to remember last one,
+                                to know where to link on current one */
+
+
+
+       /* walk down the existing list */
+       for (newlist_p = (struct GRPSYL *) 0; list_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                       list_p = list_p->next) {
+
+               /* allocate space for copy of list element and fill it in */
+               MALLOC(GRPSYL, new_p, 1);
+
+               (void) memcpy(new_p, list_p, sizeof(struct GRPSYL) );
+
+               /* we can't just copy the links--they have to be recalculated */
+               if (newlist_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+
+                       /* first in new list: keep track of where list begins,
+                        * since we need to return this value, and keep track
+                        * of where we are, so we can link the next element
+                        * onto this one, which will be its prev element */
+                       newlist_p = new_p;
+                       prev_p = new_p;
+               }
+
+               else {
+                       prev_p->next = new_p;
+                       new_p->prev = prev_p;
+                       prev_p = new_p;
+               }
+
+               if (copy_noteinfo == YES) {
+                       /* also need to make copies of the notelist, since
+                        * they contain COORDS that are unique
+                       * for each instance */
+                       clone_notelist(new_p, list_p, YES);
+
+                       /* with lists cannot be shared,
+                        * because otherwise fix_string
+                        * could get called on an already fixed string. */
+                       clone_withlist(new_p, list_p);
+               }
+       }
+
+       return(newlist_p);
+}
+\f
+
+/* make a copy of the notelist in one GRPSYL struct into another */
+
+static void
+clone_notelist(new_p, old_p, copy_acc_etc)
+
+struct GRPSYL *new_p;  /* copy into here */
+struct GRPSYL *old_p;  /* from here */
+int copy_acc_etc;      /* if YES, copy accidentals.  If just reusing a
+                        * group on the same staff, we don't want to
+                        * copy these things */
+
+{
+       register int n;         /* index through note list */
+
+
+       /* mark the number of notes in the new list */
+       new_p->nnotes = old_p->nnotes;
+
+       /* copy cross-staff stem info */
+       new_p->stemto = old_p->stemto;
+       new_p->stemto_idx = old_p->stemto_idx;
+
+       if (old_p->nnotes > 0) {
+
+               /* allocate new memory and copy from old to new */
+               MALLOC(NOTE, new_p->notelist, old_p->nnotes);
+
+               (void)memcpy((char *) new_p->notelist, (char *) old_p->notelist,
+                       (unsigned) (old_p->nnotes * sizeof(struct NOTE)));
+
+       }
+
+       else if ((new_p->grpsyl == GS_GROUP) && (new_p->grpcont == GC_NOTES) &&
+                               is_mrpt(new_p) == NO) {
+               yyerror("tried to use previous chord for defaults, but it had no notes");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       for (n = 0; n < old_p->nnotes; n++) {
+
+               if (copy_acc_etc == YES) {
+                       new_p->notelist[n].nslurto = old_p->notelist[n].nslurto;
+                       /* It isn't necessarily safe to share slurto lists.
+                        * In particular, if multiple staffs are specified,
+                        * and they have different clefs, the default octave
+                        * will be different. So make a copy to be safe. */
+                       if (new_p->notelist[n].nslurto > 0) {
+                               MALLOC(SLURTO, new_p->notelist[n].slurtolist, 
+                                               new_p->notelist[n].nslurto);
+                               memcpy(new_p->notelist[n].slurtolist,
+                                       old_p->notelist[n].slurtolist,
+                                       sizeof(struct SLURTO) *
+                                       old_p->notelist[n].nslurto);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               new_p->notelist[n].slurtolist = (struct SLURTO *) 0;
+                       }
+               }
+               else {
+                       new_p->notelist[n].nslurto = 0;
+                       new_p->notelist[n].slurtolist = (struct SLURTO *) 0;
+                       new_p->notelist[n].is_bend = NO;
+                       new_p->notelist[n].smallbend = NO;
+               }
+
+               /* alloc space for coordinates */
+               MALLOCA(float, new_p->notelist[n].c, NUMCTYPE);
+       }
+
+       /* if a note that was cloned had an accidental on it,
+        * the clone doesn't need the accidental since we are in
+        * the same measure. Ties also do not get copied. But on tab staff,
+        * the accidental does need to get copied since it's part of the
+        * name of the string. */
+       for (n = 0; n < old_p->nnotes; n++) {
+               if(copy_acc_etc == NO) {
+                       if (Doing_tab_staff == NO) {
+                               new_p->notelist[n].accidental = '\0';
+                               new_p->notelist[n].acc_has_paren = NO;
+                       }
+                       new_p->notelist[n].tie = NO;
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* add a NOTE to a list of notes off a GRPSYL */
+
+void
+add_note(grpsyl_p, pitch, accidental, octave, nticks, has_paren, bendstring)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;       /* what group to associate note with */
+int    pitch;                  /* 'a' to 'g' */
+                               /* can also be pseudo-pitches for rest, space and rpt */
+int    accidental;             /* '\0', '#', '&', 'n', 'x', or 'B' */
+int    octave;                 /* octave for normal staffs,
+                                * fret for tab staffs, uncompressibility
+                                * for space pseudo-notes */
+int nticks;                    /* number of tick marks, for tab staffs */
+int has_paren;                 /* YES if accidental has parentheses (for
+                                * non-tab staffs) or if fret has parentheses
+                                * (for tab staffs) */
+char *bendstring;              /* bend specification, or null if no bend */
+
+{
+       register int index;             /* into notelist */
+
+
+       if (grpsyl_p->nnotes == 0) {
+               /* first time--need to allocate */
+               CALLOC(NOTE, grpsyl_p->notelist, NOTE_CHUNK);
+       }
+
+       /* see if overflowed and thus need to re-allocate more space */
+       else if ((grpsyl_p->nnotes % NOTE_CHUNK) == 0) {
+               REALLOC(NOTE, grpsyl_p->notelist, grpsyl_p->nnotes + NOTE_CHUNK);
+               memset((void *) (& grpsyl_p->notelist[grpsyl_p->nnotes]),
+                       0, NOTE_CHUNK * sizeof(struct NOTE));
+       }
+
+       /* find index into notelist where we put this note */
+       index = grpsyl_p->nnotes;
+
+       /* allocate space for coordinates. The coordinates must be in a
+        * malloc-ed array and not a static array. At one point, we thought
+        * we could save a few bytes by changing back to array, but that
+        * would be a lot of work. The reason is that the
+        * coordinates are pointed to whenever there is a location tag on a
+        * note. The array must not move or else the location tag reference
+        * would be wrong. Since we qsort the notes later on, the coords would
+        * move if they were a static array rather than a malloc-ed array.
+        * In order to allow moving them, we'd have to keep track of all note
+        * location tags for much longer than we currently do, and then go
+        * back and change their values when notes are sorted. It would require
+        * finding entries in a hash table by other than their key (i.e,
+        * require a linear search or another whole indexing scheme), and
+        * also require either going back to patch up any lines, curves, and
+        * prints that used the coords, or delaying their definition by saving
+        * lots of information around. */
+       MALLOCA(float, grpsyl_p->notelist[index].c, NUMCTYPE);
+
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].letter = (short) pitch;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].accidental = (char) accidental;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].acc_has_paren = has_paren;
+       if (Doing_tab_staff == YES && pitch >= 'a' && pitch <= 'g') {
+               int fret;
+
+               fret = octave;
+
+               /* do error checks */
+               if (accidental != '\0' && accidental != '#' && accidental != '&') {
+                       yyerror("accidental on tab staff can only be # or &");
+               }
+
+               if (fret == NOFRET && bendstring == (char *) 0) {
+                       yyerror("a fret number and/or bend must be specified");
+                       /* put in something valid so later functions won't
+                        * complain */
+                       fret = MINFRET;
+               }
+               else if ((fret < MINFRET || fret > MAXFRET) && fret != NOFRET) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                               "invalid fret number %d, must be %d-%d or have a bend",
+                               fret, MINFRET, MAXFRET);
+                       fret = MINFRET;
+               }
+
+               /* Cram fret and nticks in stepsup field for now. Later
+                * we will put fret in its proper place, but right now that
+                * is used for something else */
+               TMP_SAVE( (&(grpsyl_p->notelist[index])), nticks, fret);
+
+               /* cram the bend info into octave field */
+               grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].octave
+                               = parse_bend_string(bendstring);
+       }
+       else {
+               if (nticks > 0) {
+                       yyerror("' not allowed on non-tablature staff");
+               }
+               grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].octave = (short) octave;
+       }
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].nslurto = 0;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].tie = NO;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].tiestyle = L_NORMAL;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].tiedir = UNKNOWN;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].slurtolist = (struct SLURTO *)0;
+       grpsyl_p->notelist [ index ].notesize = GS_NORMAL;
+
+       /* don't need to initialize anything else in NOTE */
+
+       (grpsyl_p->nnotes)++;
+}
+\f
+
+/* once an entire chord is gathered, release any extra space gotten for
+ * notes */
+
+void
+resize_notelist(gs_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+
+{
+       int extra;      /* how many extra NOTE structs there are */
+
+
+       extra = NOTE_CHUNK - (gs_p->nnotes % NOTE_CHUNK);
+
+       if (extra > 0 && extra < NOTE_CHUNK) {
+               /* release extra NOTE space */
+               REALLOC(NOTE, gs_p->notelist, gs_p->nnotes);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* when we get to a bar line, we have to go back and rearrange things and
+ * do some error checks that couldn't be done until we had everything
+ * collected. All the non-STAFF structures have to be put after the STAFFs.
+ */
+
+void
+do_bar(bartype)
+
+int bartype;
+
+{
+       struct MAINLL *mll_p;           /* to walk through list */
+       static short firstbar = YES;    /* if first time this func was called */
+       short v;                        /* voice number */
+       short found_above_for[MAXSTAFFS+1];     /* how many times this staff 
+                                        * was succesfully matched up with a
+                                        * "bm with staff below" */
+       int i;                          /* index though above array */
+       int other_staff;                /* other staff for cross-staff beam */
+       int with_above;                 /* how many "bm with staff above"
+                                        * found on current staff */
+
+
+       debug(2, "do_bar");
+
+       /* The "restart" is a strange thing only vaguely like a regular bar,
+        * so handle it separately */
+       if (bartype == RESTART) {
+               restart_bar();
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (List_of_staffs_p == (struct MAINLL *) 0) {
+               yyerror("empty measure");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* Make sure all voices are present; fill in measure space for
+        * any that are missing */
+       check4missing_voices(List_of_staffs_p);
+
+       /* attach all the lyrics to the right places */
+       attach_lyrics2staffs(List_of_staffs_p);
+
+       /* set up all the cross-staff beams */
+       for (i = 1; i <= MAXSTAFFS; i++) {
+               found_above_for[i] = 0;
+       }
+       for (mll_p = List_of_staffs_p; mll_p != (struct MAINLL *) 0;
+                               mll_p = mll_p->next) {
+
+               if (mll_p->str != S_STAFF) {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               with_above = 0;
+               /* check every group of every voice */
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+
+                       /* Only check visible voices */
+                       if (vvpath(mll_p->u.staff_p->staffno, v+1, VISIBLE)->visible == NO) {
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       for (gs_p = mll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v];
+                                       gs_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                       gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+
+                               /* if this is the first group in a cross-staff
+                                * beam, take care to that */
+                               if (gs_p->beamloc == STARTITEM &&
+                                               gs_p->beamto == CS_BELOW) {
+                                       /* before calling chk_crossbeams, make
+                                        * sure the gs_p we are passing has its
+                                        * vno set properly, since normally
+                                        * that doesn't happen till later.
+                                        * Maybe this cross-staff stuff should
+                                        * be done later, but I don't want to
+                                        * move it without a lot of thought to
+                                        * make sure that wouldn't break
+                                        * something, so this will work for now.
+                                        */
+                                       gs_p->vno = v;
+                                       other_staff = chk_crossbeam(gs_p, mll_p);
+                                       if (other_staff > 0) {
+                                               (found_above_for[other_staff])++;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else if (gs_p->beamloc == STARTITEM &&
+                                               gs_p->beamto == CS_ABOVE) {
+                                       with_above++;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               if (found_above_for[mll_p->u.staff_p->staffno] < with_above) {
+                       l_yyerror(mll_p->inputfile, mll_p->inputlineno,
+                               "'bm with staff above' has no visible matching 'bm with staff below' (may be missing, invisible, or on wrong voice)");
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if first measure, check if "pickup" measure. If so, it doesn't
+        * count toward measure number */
+       if (firstbar == YES && bartype != INVISBAR) {
+               if (has_pickup() == YES) {
+                       /* don't count pickup measure */
+                       Meas_num--;
+               }
+               /* set flag so we won't check again */
+               firstbar = NO;
+       }
+
+       /* increment measure number for rehearsal numbers */
+       if (bartype != INVISBAR && Got_multirest == 0) {
+               Meas_num++;
+       }
+
+       finish_bar();
+}
+\f
+
+/* Returns YES if piece begins with a pickup measure. */
+
+int
+has_pickup()
+{
+       int v;                  /* voice index */
+       struct MAINLL *mll_p;   /* to step through main list */
+
+       /* go through each voice of each staff looking for non-space */
+       for (mll_p = Mainllhc_p; mll_p != (struct MAINLL *) 0;
+                                                       mll_p = mll_p->next) {
+
+               /* Measures where the entire measure is compressible space
+                * and which end with an invisbar were probably just for the
+                * purpose of kludging in a funny time signature or something
+                * like that, so we ignore those measures while checking for a
+                * pickup measure.
+                */
+               if (mll_p->str == S_BAR && mll_p->u.bar_p->bartype != INVISBAR) {
+                       /* got through entire first measure */
+                       break;
+               }
+               if (mll_p->str != S_STAFF) {
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       if (mll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v] != 0 &&
+                                               (mll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v]
+                                               ->grpcont != GC_SPACE ||
+                                               mll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v]
+                                               ->uncompressible == YES) ) {
+                               /* Found a voice that exists,
+                                * but begins with a non-space or an
+                                * uncompressible space. So it's not a pickup */
+                               return(NO);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return(YES);
+}
+\f
+
+/* Do final cleanup in preparation for next bar of input */
+
+static void
+finish_bar()
+
+{
+       struct MAINLL *mll_p;
+
+       /* Walk thru the list, fixing everything that is left to fix */
+       for (mll_p = List_of_staffs_p; mll_p != (struct MAINLL *) 0;
+                               mll_p = mll_p->next) {
+
+               if (mll_p->str == S_BAR) {
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (mll_p->str == S_STAFF) {
+                       /* Walk down each GRPSYL list and
+                        * look for various errors and fix up things that
+                        * couldn't be determined before */
+                       fix_grpsyl_list(mll_p);
+
+                       /* Set the visibility attribute for staff */
+                       mll_p->u.staff_p->visible =
+                                       (svpath(mll_p->u.staff_p->staffno,
+                                       VISIBLE))->visible;
+               }
+
+       }
+
+       /* add padding etc for any rolls in the measure */
+       do_rolls(Mainlltc_p);
+
+       /* in case things are screwed up because of user input errors,
+        * reset tuplet state. */
+       Tuplet_state = NOITEM;
+
+       /* do measure level checks on "stuff" */
+       meas_stuff_chk();
+
+       /* get ready for next measure */
+       List_of_staffs_p = (struct MAINLL *) 0;
+       Got_multirest = 0;
+       Got_group = NO;
+       reset_input_style();
+       lyr_new_bar();
+}
+\f
+
+/* A "restart" is a funny sort of bar.
+ * We create a measure of space before it. */
+
+static void
+restart_bar()
+
+{
+       struct MAINLL *mll_p;
+       struct MAINLL *mainbar_p;       /* the restart */
+
+       if (List_of_staffs_p != 0) {
+               yyerror("restart cannot be preceeded by music data");
+               return;
+       }
+       if (Got_some_data == NO) {
+               yyerror("restart cannot be used at the beginning");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* It doesn't make sense to begin a repeat right before a restart,
+        * so block that. */
+       for (mll_p = Mainlltc_p->prev; mll_p != (struct MAINLL *) 0;
+                                                       mll_p = mll_p->prev) {
+               if (mll_p->str == S_BAR) {
+                       if (mll_p->u.bar_p->bartype == REPEATSTART) {
+                               yyerror("repeatstart not allowed immediately before restart");
+                       }
+                       else if (mll_p->u.bar_p->bartype == REPEATBOTH) {
+                               yyerror("repeatboth not allowed immediately before restart");
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* save the bar so we can move after the staffs */
+       mainbar_p = Mainlltc_p;
+       /* create a "measure" of all space */
+       create_staffs();
+       check4missing_voices(List_of_staffs_p);
+       /* move the restart BAR after the empty measure */
+       unlinkMAINLL(mainbar_p);
+       insertMAINLL(mainbar_p, Mainlltc_p);
+       finish_bar();
+}
+\f
+
+/* walk down the linked lists of GRPSYLs and fix everything that is left to
+ * fix: font/size, octaves, default timeunits, etc */
+
+static void
+fix_grpsyl_list(mainll_item_p)
+
+struct MAINLL *mainll_item_p;
+
+{
+       register int v;
+       struct STAFF *staff_p;
+       struct MAINLL *mll_p;           /* for finding timed SSVs */
+       struct TIMEDSSV *tssv_p;
+       int numvoices;
+
+
+       /* error checks */
+       if (mainll_item_p->str != S_STAFF) {
+               pfatal("wrong struct type passed to fix_grpsyl_list()");
+       }
+       staff_p = mainll_item_p->u.staff_p;
+
+
+       /* verify voice is valid for current vscheme */
+       numvoices = vscheme_voices(svpath(staff_p->staffno,VSCHEME)->vscheme);
+       if (staff_p->groups_p[1] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0 && numvoices == 1) {
+               l_yyerror(staff_p->groups_p[1]->inputfile,
+                               staff_p->groups_p[1]->inputlineno,
+                               "can't have voice 2 when vscheme=1");
+       }
+       if (staff_p->groups_p[2] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0 && numvoices < 3) {
+               l_yyerror(staff_p->groups_p[2]->inputfile,
+                               staff_p->groups_p[2]->inputlineno,
+                               "can't have voice 3 unless vscheme is 3o or 3f");
+       }
+
+       /* Determine if there are timed SSVs to deal with */
+       tssv_p = 0;
+       for (mll_p = mainll_item_p; mll_p != 0; mll_p = mll_p->next) {
+               if (mll_p->str == S_BAR) {
+                       tssv_p = mll_p->u.bar_p->timedssv_p;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* fix the GROUPS */
+       for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+               if (staff_p->groups_p[v] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                       if (tssv_p != 0) {
+                               setssvstate(mainll_item_p);
+                       }
+                       fix_a_group_list(staff_p->groups_p[v],
+                               staff_p->staffno, v + 1,
+                               staff_p->groups_p[v]->inputfile,
+                               staff_p->groups_p[v]->inputlineno,
+                               staff_p->mrptnum,
+                               tssv_p);
+
+                       /* on tablature staffs, must deal with bends */
+                       if (is_tab_staff(staff_p->staffno) == YES) {
+                               check_bends(staff_p->groups_p[v], mainll_item_p);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* make sure timed SSVs are all up to date at end of measure */
+       for (  ; tssv_p != 0; tssv_p = tssv_p->next) {
+               asgnssv(&tssv_p->ssv);
+       }
+
+       /* then check syllables */
+       for (v = 0; v < staff_p->nsyllists; v++) {
+               chk_a_syl_list(staff_p->syls_p[v],
+                               staff_p->syls_p[v]->inputfile,
+                               staff_p->syls_p[v]->inputlineno);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* walk through a list of GRPSYLs (GROUPs, not SYLLABLESs), and fix up things
+ * like octaves, etc */
+
+
+static void
+fix_a_group_list(grpsyllist_p, staffno, vno, fname, lineno, mrptnum, tssv_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyllist_p;
+int staffno;
+int vno;               /* voice number */
+char *fname;           /* file name for error messages */
+int lineno;            /* input line number, for error messages */
+int mrptnum;           /* to decide whether to run fix_string or not */
+struct TIMEDSSV *tssv_p;       /* points to any timed SSVs in this measure */
+
+{
+       int font, size;
+       int n;                  /* index through notelist */
+       RATIONAL total_time;    /* to add up all fulltimes in current voice/verse */
+       short default_octave;
+       struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;
+       struct GRPSYL *gs_p;            /* for walking through grace runs */
+       int nn;
+
+
+
+       if (grpsyllist_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               /* this is un undefined voice, so nothing to do */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       debug(4, "fix_a_group_list file=%s lineno=%d staffno=%d vno=%d",
+                       grpsyllist_p->inputfile, grpsyllist_p->inputlineno,
+                       staffno, vno);
+
+       /* will need to fix up the font and size of strings in the
+        * "with" lists, so figure out
+        * which font and size to use for that */
+       font = (svpath(staffno, FONT))->font
+                               + (svpath(staffno, FONTFAMILY))->fontfamily;
+       size = (svpath(staffno, SIZE))->size;
+
+       /* initialize total time for this voice in this meas */
+       total_time = Zero;
+
+       /* find default octave for this staff/voice */
+       default_octave = (vvpath(staffno, vno, DEFOCT))->defoct;
+
+       grpsyl_p = grpsyllist_p;
+
+       Doing_tab_staff = is_tab_staff(staffno);
+
+       /* do each group */
+       for (   ; grpsyl_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0; grpsyl_p = grpsyl_p->next) {
+
+               /* fill in staffno and vno */
+               grpsyl_p->staffno = (short) staffno;
+               grpsyl_p->vno = (short) vno;
+
+               /* Apply any timed SSVs */
+               while (tssv_p != 0 && LE(tssv_p->time_off, total_time)) {
+                       asgnssv(&tssv_p->ssv);
+                       tssv_p = tssv_p->next;
+                       /* the default octave might have changed,
+                        * so look it up again.
+                        */
+                       default_octave = (vvpath(staffno, vno, DEFOCT))->defoct;
+               }
+               /* if no pitch given on first group of measure, use default
+                * pitch if 1-line staff, otherwise error */
+               if (grpsyl_p->nnotes == 1 && grpsyl_p->notelist[0].letter
+                                                               == PP_NO_PITCH) {
+                       if (svpath(staffno, STAFFLINES)->stafflines == 1 &&
+                                       Doing_tab_staff == NO) {
+                               grpsyl_p->notelist[0].letter = DFLT_PITCH;
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "must have note(s) specified for first group in bar");
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* make sure "with" lists are in right size/font */
+               /* When groups are copied to expand measure repeats for
+                * MIDI purposes, any 'with' lists would already be in
+                * internal format, so we don't want to try to fix them,
+                * but otherwise strings need to be put in internal format */
+               if (mrptnum == 0) {
+                       fix_strlist(grpsyl_p, font, size, fname, lineno);
+               }
+
+               if (mrptnum == 0) {
+                       if (Doing_tab_staff == YES) {
+                               /* determine proper STRINGNO and FRETNO information */
+                               fix_frets(grpsyl_p);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               /* take care of relative octaves */
+                               resolve_octaves(grpsyl_p, default_octave);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (svpath(staffno, STAFFLINES)->stafflines == 1
+                                               && grpsyl_p->nnotes > 1) {
+                       l_warning(fname, lineno,
+                               "more than one note in chord on 1-line staff");
+               }
+
+               /* put notes in order top to bottom */
+               sort_notes(grpsyl_p, fname, lineno);
+
+               /* if group is small notes, mark each note as small */
+               if (grpsyl_p->grpsize != GS_NORMAL) {
+
+                       for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+
+                               grpsyl_p->notelist[n].notesize
+                                                       = grpsyl_p->grpsize;
+                       }
+               }
+
+#ifdef GRPSMALL
+       /* at first we thought we should mark the whole group small if all
+        * notes were small, but later decided not, so this is ifdef-ed out */
+               /* on the other hand, if all notes are explicitly marked
+                * small, make the whole group small. This is handy in case,
+                * for example, the user uses ? instead of [cue] on a
+                * single-note group */
+               else if (grpsyl_p->grpcont == GC_NOTES) {
+                       int numsmall;   /* how many small notes */
+
+                       for (numsmall = n = 0; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                               if (grpsyl_p->notelist[n].notesize
+                                                               == GS_SMALL) {
+                                       numsmall++;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (grpsyl_p->nnotes > 0 &&
+                                               numsmall == grpsyl_p->nnotes) {
+                               grpsyl_p->grpsize = GS_SMALL;
+                       }
+               }
+#endif
+
+               /* error check rests */
+               if (grpsyl_p->grpcont == GC_REST) {
+                       if ( (grpsyl_p->prev != (struct GRPSYL *) 0)
+                                       && (grpsyl_p->prev->grpcont
+                                       == GC_NOTES)
+                                       && (grpsyl_p->prev->grpvalue
+                                       == GV_ZERO) ) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't have grace notes before rest");
+                       }
+
+                       /* We used to disallow stemdir on rests, but it could
+                        * come from an earlier []... and doesn't really hurt;
+                        * it doesn't matter which direction the non-existent
+                        * stem is, so we silently ignore.
+                        */
+                       if (IS_STEMLEN_KNOWN(grpsyl_p->stemlen)) {
+                               /* Might be just from a [ ]... on an earlier
+                                * group, and doesn't really hurt anything,
+                                * so silently ignore.
+                                */
+                               grpsyl_p->stemlen = 0.0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* error check space */
+               else if (grpsyl_p->grpcont == GC_SPACE) {
+                       if (IS_STEMLEN_KNOWN(grpsyl_p->stemlen)) {
+                               grpsyl_p->stemlen = 0.0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* error check measure repeats */
+               if (is_mrpt(grpsyl_p) == YES) {
+                       if (grpsyl_p->nwith != 0
+                                       || grpsyl_p->grpvalue != GV_NORMAL
+                                       || grpsyl_p->headshape != HS_UNKNOWN
+                                       || grpsyl_p->grpsize != GS_NORMAL
+                                       || IS_STEMLEN_KNOWN(grpsyl_p->stemlen)
+                                       || grpsyl_p->stemdir != UNKNOWN
+                                       || grpsyl_p->slash_alt > 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't specify items in [ ] with measure repeat (except padding and tag)");
+                       }
+                       if (grpsyl_p->slash_alt < 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't specify alt with measure repeat");
+                       }
+                       if (grpsyl_p->tie == YES) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't specify tie with measure repeat");
+                       }
+               }
+               /* grace notes need special handling */
+               if (grpsyl_p->grpvalue == GV_ZERO && is_mrpt(grpsyl_p) == NO) {
+
+                       /* grace notes really take no time */
+                       grpsyl_p->fulltime = Zero;
+
+                       /* do some error checks */
+                       check_grace(grpsyl_p, fname, lineno);
+
+                       /* if more than one grace note in a row, beam them */
+                       if (grpsyl_p->beamloc == NOITEM
+                                               && grpsyl_p->basictime > 4) {
+
+                               /* if there is another grace following, will
+                                * need to beam them */
+                               if ((grpsyl_p->next != (struct GRPSYL *)0) &&
+                                               (grpsyl_p->next->grpvalue
+                                               == GV_ZERO) &&
+                                               (grpsyl_p->next->basictime
+                                               > 4) ) {
+
+                                       /* mark the first one as STARTITEM */
+                                       grpsyl_p->beamloc = STARTITEM;
+
+                                       /* mark intermediates, if any,
+                                        * as INITEM, and last in run
+                                        * of grace as ENDITEM */
+                                       for (gs_p = grpsyl_p->next;
+                                                       gs_p->next
+                                                       != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                                       gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+                                               if (gs_p->next->grpvalue
+                                                               == GV_ZERO &&
+                                                               gs_p->next->basictime
+                                                               > 4) {
+                                                       gs_p->beamloc = INITEM;
+                                               }
+                                               else {
+                                                       gs_p->beamloc = ENDITEM;
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       if (gs_p->next == (struct GRPSYL *) 0){
+                                               /* grace at end of measure is
+                                                * illegal, but we catch that
+                                                * in check_grace(). So just
+                                                * mark the beam as ended */
+                                               gs_p->beamloc = ENDITEM;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* if this group is alternating with the next, need to
+                * adjust fulltimes to be 1/2 of their current values. */
+               if (grpsyl_p->slash_alt < 0 && is_mrpt(grpsyl_p) == NO) {
+                       /* need to error check first. First, there must
+                        * be another group in this measure. Moreover, it
+                        * must have the same fulltime value, and both
+                        * must be either NORMAL or SMALL size.  Also, the
+                        * next group can't have an alt. */
+                       if (grpsyl_p->next == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "cannot specify 'alt' on last group in measure");
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->next->grpvalue == GV_ZERO ||
+                                       grpsyl_p->grpvalue == GV_ZERO) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't use 'alt' on grace notes");
+                       }
+
+                       else if ( ! EQ(grpsyl_p->fulltime,
+                                               grpsyl_p->next->fulltime) ) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "groups in 'alt' pair must have identical time values");
+                       }
+
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->next->grpsize
+                                       != grpsyl_p->grpsize) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't mix normal and cue notes for 'alt'");
+                       }
+
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->next->slash_alt < 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't have 'alt' on consecutive chords");
+
+                       }
+
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->next->slash_alt > 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't have 'slash' on second chord of 'alt' pair");
+                       }
+
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->grpcont != GC_NOTES ||
+                                       grpsyl_p->next->grpcont != GC_NOTES) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "'alt' must be preceeded and followed by notes, not rest or space");
+                       }
+
+                       else {
+                               grpsyl_p->fulltime =
+                                               rdiv(grpsyl_p->fulltime, Two);
+                               grpsyl_p->next->fulltime =
+                                               rdiv(grpsyl_p->next->fulltime, Two);
+                       }
+
+                       if (grpsyl_p->stemdir != grpsyl_p->next->stemdir) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "'alt' pair chords must have identical stem directions");
+                       }
+
+                       if (grpsyl_p->beamto != CS_SAME) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "'alt' not allowed on cross-staff beams");
+                       }
+               }
+               else if (grpsyl_p->grpvalue != GV_ZERO &&
+                                               grpsyl_p->slash_alt > 0 &&
+                                               is_mrpt(grpsyl_p) == NO) {
+
+                       /* need to make sure number of slashes is valid */
+                       /* figure out how many actual chords are represented
+                        * by the slashed chord */
+                       switch (grpsyl_p->basictime) {
+                       case 0:
+                               nn = 16;
+                               break;
+                       case 1:
+                               nn = 8;
+                               break;
+                       case 2:
+                               nn = 4;
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               nn = 2;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       /* multiply by two for each additional slash beyond
+                        * the first. We shouldn't really need this IF, since
+                        * if should be okay to shift by 0, but for some reason,
+                        * on my system, if slash_alt is 1 and the optimizer
+                        * is run on this code, the following "if (n == 0)"
+                        * statement doesn't work right. It works fine if
+                        * the optimizer isn't run! (YIKES!!!!) */
+                       if (grpsyl_p->slash_alt >  1) {
+                               nn = nn << (grpsyl_p->slash_alt - 1);
+                       }
+
+                       if (nn == 0) {
+                               /* shifted left into oblivion */
+                               yyerror("too many slashes");
+                       }
+                       /* We are okay as long as the number of dots is no
+                        * more than the number of zero bits on the right end
+                        * of the number. If there are more, user is trying
+                        * to subdivide too much, so disallow */
+                       else if (drmo(nn) < grpsyl_p->dots) {
+                               yyerror("illegal number of slashes");
+                       }
+
+                       if (grpsyl_p->beamto != CS_SAME) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "'slash' not allowed on cross-staff beams");
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* check for unclosed custom beams */
+               if (grpsyl_p->next == (struct GRPSYL *) 0 &&
+                               (grpsyl_p->beamloc == STARTITEM ||
+                               grpsyl_p->beamloc == INITEM) ) {
+                       yyerror("missing ebm");
+               }
+
+               if (grpsyl_p->is_meas == YES && (grpsyl_p->prev != 0 ||
+                                               grpsyl_p->next != 0) ) {
+                       yyerror("measure duration item must be the only thing in the measure");
+               }
+
+               /* add up the total time in the measure */
+               total_time = radd(total_time, grpsyl_p->fulltime);
+       }
+
+       /* check for not equal to time signature. */
+       if ( NE(total_time, Score.time) && (grpsyllist_p->is_meas == NO
+                       || grpsyllist_p->next != 0) ) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                       "time in measure (%ld/%ld) does not add up to time signature",
+                       total_time.n, total_time.d);
+       }
+
+       /* set up any beaming */
+       if (has_cust_beaming(grpsyllist_p) == NO) {
+               do_beaming(grpsyllist_p, GS_NORMAL, staffno, vno);
+               do_beaming(grpsyllist_p, GS_SMALL, staffno, vno);
+       }
+       set_alt_beams(grpsyllist_p);
+
+       for (grpsyl_p = grpsyllist_p; grpsyl_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                               grpsyl_p = grpsyl_p->next) {
+               /* We only allow specifying slope for beam on first group
+                * of a beam. To be very certain of avoiding any possiblity
+                * of floating point roundoff errors,
+                * we compare for being close to NOBEAMANGLE.
+                */
+               if (fabs(grpsyl_p->beamslope - NOBEAMANGLE) > 0.01) {
+                       if (grpsyl_p->beamloc != STARTITEM) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "slope can only be specified on the first chord of a beam");
+                       }
+                       else if (grpsyl_p->grpcont == GC_SPACE) {
+                               if (grpsyl_p->beamto != CS_SAME) {
+                                       l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "on cross-staff beam, specify slope on staff with notes, not with space");
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       /* Don't think it should really be
+                                        * possible to get here... */
+                                       l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "slope can't be specified on space");
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* make sure all the syllable times add up to time signature */
+
+static void
+chk_a_syl_list(grpsyl_p, fname, lineno)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;       /* list to check */
+char *fname;                   /* file name for error messages */
+int lineno;                    /* input line for error messages */
+
+{
+       RATIONAL total_time;
+
+
+       total_time = Zero;
+
+       for (   ; grpsyl_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0; grpsyl_p = grpsyl_p->next) {
+               total_time = radd(total_time, grpsyl_p->fulltime);
+       }
+
+       /* check for not equal to time signature. */
+       if ( NE(total_time, Score.time) ) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                       "time in measure (%ld/%ld) does not add up to time signature",
+                       total_time.n, total_time.d);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* resolve all the relative octaves to absolute octaves.
+ * Here's the deal: if the relative octave is negative,
+ * add (the negative value) to the default to get the
+ * real octave. If the relative is >= USE_DFLT_OCTAVE,
+ * add (octave - USE_DFLT_OCT) to the default to get the real
+ * value. Otherwise the relative is the absolute.  */
+
+static void
+resolve_octaves(grpsyl_item_p, default_octave)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p;  /* GRPSYL containing notes to resolve */
+int default_octave;            /* default octave to use */
+
+{
+       register int n;         /* walk through note list */
+       register int sl;        /* walk through slurtolist */
+       int octave;
+       struct NOTE *note_p;    /* current note */
+
+
+       for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_item_p->nnotes; n++) {
+
+               note_p = &(grpsyl_item_p->notelist[n]);
+               octave = note_p->octave;
+
+               if (octave < 0) {
+                       /* add (the negative value) to default octave */
+                       note_p->octave = (short)(default_octave + octave);
+               }
+               else if (octave >= USE_DFLT_OCTAVE) {
+                       /* this means 0 or more to add to default octave */
+                       note_p->octave = (short)(default_octave + octave
+                                                       - USE_DFLT_OCTAVE);
+               }
+               else if (octave > MAXOCTAVE) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_item_p->inputfile,
+                               grpsyl_item_p->inputlineno,
+                               "octave %d out of range (%d-%d)",
+                               octave, MINOCTAVE, MAXOCTAVE);
+               }
+
+               /* also adjust any slurto */
+               if (note_p->nslurto > 0) {
+                       for (sl = note_p->nslurto - 1; sl >= 0; sl--) {
+                               octave = note_p->slurtolist[sl].octave;
+                               if (octave < 0) {
+                                       note_p->slurtolist[sl].octave =
+                                                       default_octave + octave;
+                               }
+                               else if (octave >= USE_DFLT_OCTAVE) {
+                                       note_p->slurtolist[sl].octave =
+                                                       default_octave + octave
+                                                       - USE_DFLT_OCTAVE;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a fulltime value, figure out what its basictime value was.
+ * Here's the deal: First we find the power of 2 that is less than or
+ * equal to the numerator of fulltime. Then we take that number over the
+ * denominator of fulltime and reduce to lowest terms. The new denominator
+ * is the basictime. Note that this won't work for tuplets, but we don't
+ * call this for tuplets, so we're safe... */
+
+int
+reconstruct_basictime(fulltime)
+
+RATIONAL fulltime;     /* find the basic time of this */
+
+{
+       RATIONAL newtime;       /* RATIONAL of basictime */
+
+
+       if (fulltime.n < 0) {
+               pfatal("negative fulltime numerator");
+       }
+
+       /* guess MAXBASICTIME and work down by powers of 2
+        * till we get <= fulltime numerator */
+       for (newtime.n = MAXBASICTIME; newtime.n > fulltime.n; newtime.n >>= 1) {
+               ;
+       }
+       newtime.d = fulltime.d;
+       rred( &newtime );
+
+       /* special case -- double whole basictime is 0 */
+       if (EQ(newtime, Two)) {
+               return(0);
+       }
+       /* special case -- quad whole basictime is -1 */
+       else if (EQ(newtime, Four)) {
+               return(-1);
+       }
+       else {
+               return ( (int) newtime.d);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* Given a fulltime and basictime,
+ * figure out how many dots there must have been.
+ * Start with basictime as a RATIONAL. If equal to fulltime, fine, we are
+ * done. Otherwise, keep adding 50% of previous value until it is equal.
+ * The number of times we have to do this is the number of dots */
+
+int
+recalc_dots(fulltime, basictime)
+
+RATIONAL fulltime;
+int basictime;
+
+{
+       RATIONAL rat_basictime;
+       RATIONAL halftime;      /* half of previous note or dot */
+       int dots;
+
+       if (basictime == 0) {
+               /* special case of double whole */
+               rat_basictime.n = 2;
+               rat_basictime.d = 1;
+       }
+       else if (basictime == -1) {
+               /* special case of quad whole */
+               rat_basictime.n = 4;
+               rat_basictime.d = 1;
+       }
+       else {
+               rat_basictime.n = 1;
+               rat_basictime.d = basictime;
+       }
+
+       halftime = rmul(rat_basictime, One_half);
+       for (dots = 0; LT(rat_basictime, fulltime); dots++) {
+               rat_basictime = radd(rat_basictime, halftime);
+               halftime = rmul(halftime, One_half);
+       }
+       return(dots);
+}
+\f
+
+/* make sure all the GRPSYL fields for a grace group are valid */
+
+static void
+check_grace(grpsyl_item_p, fname, lineno)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p;  /* which grace group to check */
+char *fname;                   /* file name for error messages */
+int lineno;                    /* in input, for error messages */
+
+{
+       int n;          /* index through notelist  */
+
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->dots != 0) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno, "can't have dots on grace notes");
+       }
+
+       else if (grpsyl_item_p->slash_alt == 1) {
+               if ( (grpsyl_item_p->prev != (struct GRPSYL *) 0
+                               && grpsyl_item_p->prev->grpvalue == GV_ZERO)
+                               || (grpsyl_item_p->next != (struct GRPSYL *) 0
+                               && grpsyl_item_p->next->grpvalue == GV_ZERO)) {
+                       l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                               "slash only allowed on single grace note");
+               }
+       }
+
+       else if (grpsyl_item_p->slash_alt > 1) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno, "only 1 slash allowed on grace note");
+       }
+
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->basictime < 4) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                               "grace note must be quarter note or shorter");
+       }
+
+       /* can't mix quarter grace notes (which don't have stems) with
+        * shorter grace notes (that do have stems and get beamed) */
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->basictime == 4 &&
+                       ((grpsyl_item_p->prev != (struct GRPSYL *) 0
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->prev->grpvalue == GV_ZERO
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->prev->basictime > 4) ||
+                       (grpsyl_item_p->next != (struct GRPSYL *) 0
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->next->grpvalue == GV_ZERO
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->next->basictime > 4))) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                               "can't mix quarter and shorter grace notes");
+               /* set to shorter to avoid any future error messages */
+               grpsyl_item_p->basictime = 8;
+       }
+
+       if (is_tab_staff(grpsyl_item_p->staffno) == YES) {
+               for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_item_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (HASBEND(grpsyl_item_p->notelist[n])) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't have bend on grace note");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       else if (grpsyl_item_p->prev != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               
+               for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_item_p->prev->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (grpsyl_item_p->prev->notelist[n].is_bend) {
+                               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                       "can't have bend on grace note");
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->next == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                               "grace note cannot be last thing in measure");
+       }
+
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->beamloc == STARTITEM) {
+               l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                               "custom beaming not allowed on grace notes");
+       }
+
+       if (grpsyl_item_p->stemdir != UNKNOWN) {
+               l_warning(fname, lineno,
+                               "stem direction not allowed on grace notes");
+       }
+
+       /* Only first and last in a series of grace are allowed
+        * to have stem length specified, and then both have to be.
+        * If this one is first of a series, do the check.
+        */
+       if ( (grpsyl_item_p->prev == 0
+                       || grpsyl_item_p->prev->grpvalue != GV_ZERO)
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->next != 0
+                       && grpsyl_item_p->next->grpvalue == GV_ZERO) {
+               struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+               for (gs_p = grpsyl_item_p->next;
+                                       gs_p->next != 0 &&
+                                       gs_p->next->grpvalue == GV_ZERO;
+                                       gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+                       if (gs_p->stemlen != STEMLEN_UNKNOWN) {
+                               l_warning(fname, lineno,
+                                       "stem length cannot be specified in the middle of a series of grace notes");
+                               gs_p->stemlen = STEMLEN_UNKNOWN;
+                       }
+               }
+               if ( (gs_p->stemlen == STEMLEN_UNKNOWN) !=
+                               (grpsyl_item_p->stemlen == STEMLEN_UNKNOWN) ) {
+                       l_warning(fname, lineno,
+                               "stem length must be specified on both first and last grace or on neither");
+                       gs_p->stemlen = STEMLEN_UNKNOWN;
+                       grpsyl_item_p->stemlen = STEMLEN_UNKNOWN;
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a GRPSYL struct, fill in the font and size for all the
+ * strings in the with list */
+
+static void
+fix_strlist(gs_p, font, size, fname, lineno)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;   /* fix all with lists in this list of GRPSYLS */
+int font;              /* set their default font to this */
+int size;              /* set their default size to this */
+char *fname;           /* file name for error messages */
+int lineno;            /* input line number for error messages */
+
+{
+       register int n;
+
+
+       if (gs_p->grpcont != GC_NOTES && gs_p->nwith > 0) {
+               l_warning(fname, lineno,
+                               " 'with' items on rest or space ignored");
+               gs_p->nwith = 0;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       for (n = 0; n < gs_p->nwith; n++) {
+               (void) fix_string(gs_p->withlist[n], font, size,
+                                                       fname, lineno);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* when a tuplet begins, mark tuplet state accordingly, and keep track to
+ * mark subsequent notes till the end of the tuplet. */
+
+void
+begin_tuplet()
+
+{
+       if ((Tuplet_state == INITEM) || (Tuplet_state == STARTITEM)) {
+               yyerror("nested tuplets not allowed");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* just remember we are starting a tuplet. When we actual get
+        * a note, we will mark it appropriately (in link_notegroup() ) */
+       Tuplet_state = STARTITEM;
+}
+\f
+
+/* once we reach the end of a tuplet, adjust all the time values */
+
+void
+end_tuplet(tupcont, tuptime, printtup, tupside)
+
+int tupcont;           /* number to print on top of tuplet */
+RATIONAL tuptime;      /* what time value to stuff tuplet into. If 0,
+                        * then use the next lower power of 2 of tupcont */
+int printtup;          /* one of the PT_* values, specifying whether to print
+                        * number and bracket */
+int tupside;           /* side at which to print number/bracket */
+
+{
+       RATIONAL mult_factor;   /* how much to adjust due to tuplet */
+       int num_non_grace = 0;  /* how many non-grace notes in tuplet */
+       int factor;             /* numerator of mult_factor */
+       RATIONAL tot_time;      /* total time taken by tuplet by adding up
+                                * the un-adjusted times. */
+       struct GRPSYL *gs_p;    /* walk through tuplet list */
+
+
+
+       /* future notes that come in are not in this tuplet */
+       Tuplet_state = NOITEM;
+
+       if (tupcont <= 1) {
+               yyerror("tuplet number must be greater than 1");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if ( (printtup == PT_NEITHER) && (tupside != PL_UNKNOWN) ) {
+               l_warning(Curr_filename, yylineno,
+                       "when tuplet number is not printed, tuplet side is ignored");
+       }
+
+       if (EQ(tuptime, Zero)) {
+               /* this means user didn't specify, so we have to use
+                * the next lower power of two */
+               if ( (tupcont & (tupcont - 1)) == 0) {
+                       yyerror("if tuplet number is a power of 2, tuplet time must be given as well");
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               /* guess MAXBASICTIME, then keep taking the next
+                * lower power of 2  until we get under the tupcont:
+                * that's the right value to use */
+               for (factor = MAXBASICTIME; factor > tupcont; factor >>= 1) {
+                       ;
+               }
+               /* determine what to multiple each fulltime by */
+               mult_factor.n = factor;
+               mult_factor.d = tupcont;
+               rred(&mult_factor);
+       }
+       else {
+               /* figure out adjustment based on user-specified amount of
+                * time the tuplet is supposed to take */
+               tot_time = Zero;
+               for (gs_p = Tuplet_list_p; gs_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                               gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+                       if (gs_p->grpvalue != GV_ZERO) {
+                               tot_time = radd(tot_time, gs_p->fulltime);
+                       }
+               }
+               rred(&tuptime);
+               rred(&tot_time);
+               mult_factor = rdiv(tuptime, tot_time);
+               rred(&mult_factor);
+
+               /* if factor is <= 1/2 or >= 2, the user must have specified
+                * the wrong note lengths */
+               if (LE(mult_factor, One_half) || GE(mult_factor, Two)) {
+                       yyerror("illegal tuplet: values couldn't add up to specified tuplet time value");
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* go through the list, filling in tupcont, tuptime, and adjusting
+        * fulltime of each note */
+       for (  ; Tuplet_list_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0;
+                                       Tuplet_list_p = Tuplet_list_p->next) {
+
+               Tuplet_list_p->tupcont = (short) tupcont;
+               Tuplet_list_p->printtup = printtup;
+               Tuplet_list_p->tupside = tupside;
+
+               if (Tuplet_list_p->grpvalue != GV_ZERO) {
+                       num_non_grace++;
+                       if (Tuplet_list_p->next != (struct GRPSYL *) 0 ||
+                                       num_non_grace >= 1) {
+                               /* adjust fulltime */
+                               Tuplet_list_p->fulltime =
+                                               rmul(Tuplet_list_p->fulltime,
+                                               mult_factor);
+                       }
+               }
+               else if (num_non_grace == 0) {
+                       /* don't include leading grace notes in tuplet */
+                       Tuplet_list_p->tuploc = NOITEM;
+                       Tuplet_list_p->next->tuploc = STARTITEM;
+               }
+
+               /* if this is the end of the list, mark end of tuplet */
+               if (Tuplet_list_p->next == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+
+                       if (Tuplet_list_p->grpvalue == GV_ZERO) {
+                               yyerror("can't end tuplet with grace note");
+                       }
+
+                       if(num_non_grace == 1) {
+                               Tuplet_list_p->tuploc = LONEITEM;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               Tuplet_list_p->tuploc = ENDITEM;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* check that all voices are actually present in a measure, add a measure
+ * space for any that are missing. Also make sure any measure repeats
+ * are correct: if more than one voice and one is a measure repeat,
+ * either all must be measure repeats, or those that aren't must be
+ * measure spaces, in which case the spaces are turned into measure repeats.
+ * Also fill in the mrptnum field of measure repeat STAFF
+ * to be the count of repeated measures.
+ */
+
+static void
+check4missing_voices(list_p)
+
+struct MAINLL *list_p; /* list of STAFFs */
+
+{
+       register int s;         /* walk through staff list */
+       int v;                  /* index through voices */
+       int numvoices;          /* how many voices on current staff */
+
+
+       debug(4, "check4missing_voices");
+
+       if (list_p == (struct MAINLL *) 0) {
+               pfatal("null list passed to check4missing_voices()");
+       }
+
+       /* check each staff */
+       for ( s = 1; s <= Score.staffs; s++) {
+
+               if (list_p->str != S_STAFF || list_p->u.staff_p->staffno != s) {
+                       if (Errorcount > 0) {
+                               /* if the input is garbage, we might get called
+                                * with strange things in the main list. We
+                                * would have already exclaimed about
+                                * the errors, so don't bother to try to
+                                * deal with the mess, just return */
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               /* if input was good, we shouldn't get here */
+                               pfatal("info about staff %d not in list", s);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* insert space for any missing voices */
+               numvoices = vscheme_voices(svpath(s, VSCHEME)->vscheme);
+               for (v = 0; v < numvoices; v++) {
+                       if (list_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v]
+                                               == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                               add_meas_space( &(list_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v]),
+                                                       s, v + 1);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* fix up any measure repeats */
+               fix_mrpt(list_p);
+
+               if (list_p->next != (struct MAINLL *) 0) {
+                       list_p = list_p->next;
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* fill in measure space for empty voice */
+
+void
+add_meas_space(gs_p_p, staff, voice)
+
+struct GRPSYL **gs_p_p;        /* where to put space */
+int staff;
+int voice;
+
+{
+       struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;
+
+
+       grpsyl_p = newGRPSYL(GS_GROUP);
+       *gs_p_p = grpsyl_p;
+
+       grpsyl_p->staffno = (short) staff;
+       grpsyl_p->vno = (short) voice;
+       grpsyl_p->basictime = -1;
+       grpsyl_p->is_meas = YES;
+
+       /* We are creating a line that doesn't appear in the user's input.
+        * However, if we make it an anonymous line, if this grpsyl ever
+        * gets referenced to print an error message (which it might--
+        * like if user tries to tie something into this generated measure
+        * space) the user will have no clue as to where the problem is in
+        * their input. So put in the current file/line which will point to
+        * the bar line at the end of the measure, which will at least point
+        * the user to the right general area. */
+       grpsyl_p->inputfile = Curr_filename;
+       grpsyl_p->inputlineno = (short) yylineno;
+       grpsyl_p->grpcont = GC_SPACE;
+
+       /* in another place, one compiler didn't fill in properly
+        * when I assigned Score.time directly in one step, so to
+        * take no chances, do numerator and denominator separately */
+       grpsyl_p->fulltime.n = Score.time.n;
+       grpsyl_p->fulltime.d = Score.time.d;
+}
+\f
+/* given a MAINLL that points to a STAFF, check if that staff is a measure
+ * repeat, and if so, validate and normalize it
+ */
+
+static void
+fix_mrpt(mll_p)
+
+struct MAINLL *mll_p;  /* points to a STAFF */
+
+{
+       struct GRPSYL *gs_voice_p[MAXVOICES];   /* groups for each voice */
+       struct GRPSYL *prevgrp_p;
+       struct STAFF *staff_p;
+       struct MAINLL *prevmll_p;               /* measure being repeated */
+       int voice_is_mrpt[MAXVOICES];           /* boolean for each voice */
+       int found_mrpt;
+       int found_non_mrpt;                     /* something other than mrpt or ms */
+       int staff;
+       int v;
+
+
+       /* find out if any voice is a measure repeat */
+       found_mrpt = NO;
+       found_non_mrpt = NO;
+       for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+               gs_voice_p[v] = mll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v];
+               voice_is_mrpt[v] = is_mrpt(gs_voice_p[v]);
+               if (voice_is_mrpt[v] == YES) {
+                       found_mrpt = YES;
+               }
+               else if (is_ms(gs_voice_p[v]) == NO) {
+                       found_non_mrpt = YES;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if none are a measure repeat, we are done */
+       if (found_mrpt == NO) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* At least one must be a meas repeat. If the others aren't
+        * either also a measure repeat or a measure space, user error. */
+       if (found_non_mrpt == YES) {
+               l_yyerror(gs_voice_p[0]->inputfile, gs_voice_p[0]->inputlineno,
+                       "if one voice is mrpt, other voices cannot contain notes or rests");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       staff_p = mll_p->u.staff_p;
+       staff = staff_p->staffno;
+
+       /* At this point, we have at least one voice that is mrpt, and
+        * any other voices that exist are either mrpt or ms.
+        * Find the previous measure to find out how many measures of
+        * mrpt we have in a row, to fill in the mrptnum field.
+        * But before calling prevgrpsyl(), need to make sure the staffno and
+        * vno are filled in on the GRSPYL we pass to it, since we're so early
+        * in parsing that hasn't happened yet, but prevgrpsyl() needs them.
+        * We use the GRPSYL for voice 1, since we know that always exists.
+        */
+       gs_voice_p[0]->staffno = staff;
+       gs_voice_p[0]->vno = 1;
+       prevmll_p = mll_p;
+       if ((prevgrp_p = prevgrpsyl(gs_voice_p[0], &prevmll_p)) == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               /* We fell off the top of the main list */
+               l_yyerror(gs_voice_p[0]->inputfile, gs_voice_p[0]->inputlineno,
+                               "mrpt cannot be used on the first measure");
+
+               /* Force to measure space, so that if there are subsequent
+                * mrpt measures, they don't give more errors; no reason
+                * to complain more than once */
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       if (gs_voice_p[v] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                               gs_voice_p[v]->grpcont = GC_SPACE;
+                       }
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* Having a mrpt after a multirest doesn't make sense. At best,
+        * it is ambiguous: should we repeat the multirest or the last
+        * measure of rest? If the former, we have big problems if one
+        * staff has a mrpt and another doesn't. If it's the latter, why
+        * doesn't the user just use mr? That would be smaller and clearer. */
+       if (prevgrp_p->basictime < -1) {
+               l_yyerror(gs_voice_p[0]->inputfile, gs_voice_p[0]->inputlineno,
+                               "mrpt cannot be used in measure after multirest");
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       if (gs_voice_p[v] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                               gs_voice_p[v]->grpcont = GC_SPACE;
+                       }
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (is_mrpt(prevgrp_p) == YES) {
+               /* Our current one must be numbered
+                * one more than the previous one */
+               staff_p->mrptnum = prevmll_p->u.staff_p->mrptnum + 1;
+       }
+       else {
+               /* if this happens to be the first mrpt, it is numbered "2" */
+               staff_p->mrptnum = 2;
+       }
+
+       /* Certain parameter changes are not allowed in the middle of
+        * runs of measure repeats because they cause the contents of 
+        * the measure to be too different to make sense. These
+        * include changes in time signature, defoct, transpose.
+        * So back up from the mrpt measure to its preceeding measure,
+        * checking for any SSVs that might have something illegal in them.
+        */
+       for (mll_p = mll_p->prev; mll_p != prevmll_p; mll_p = mll_p->prev) {
+
+               if (mll_p->str == S_SSV) {
+                       if (chk_mrpt_ssv_interactions(mll_p->u.ssv_p,
+                                               gs_voice_p[0], staff) == NO) {
+                               /* Force to measure space, so that if
+                                * there are subsequent mrpt measures,
+                                * they don't give more errors; no reason
+                                * to complain more than once */
+                               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                                       if (gs_voice_p[v] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                                               gs_voice_p[v]->grpcont = GC_SPACE;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               return;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* If doing MIDI, expand the measure repeat to what it is repeating */
+       if (Doing_MIDI == YES) {
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       struct GRPSYL *g_p;
+
+                       free_grpsyls(staff_p->groups_p[v]);
+                       /* Note that the notelist does need to be copied,
+                        * (arg 2 == YES) because even though coords
+                        * are not used in MIDI, vcombine code may delete
+                        * the list, so it cannot be shared across groups.
+                        */
+                       staff_p->groups_p[v] = clone_gs_list(
+                                       prevmll_p->u.staff_p->groups_p[v], YES);
+                       /* The cloned list may already have breakbeam set,
+                        * which will confuse has_cust_beaming(). For MIDI
+                        * purposes, we don't care about beams anyway,
+                        * much less subbeams, and breakbeam will get set
+                        * properly later anyway on these groups,
+                        * so just set to NO here. */
+                       for (g_p = staff_p->groups_p[v]; g_p != 0; g_p = g_p->next) {
+                               g_p->breakbeam = NO;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       else {
+               /* We force all to GC_NOTES to make sure they are all mrpt,
+                * even if some were originally ms. */
+               for (v = 0; v < MAXVOICES; v++) {
+                       if (gs_voice_p[v] != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+                               gs_voice_p[v]->grpcont = GC_NOTES;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* given an SSV found while searching up the main list for a measure repeat
+ * defining measure, figure out whether having a measure repeat is valid or
+ * not. Some SSV changes alter things so much that a measure repeat no longer
+ * makes sense, so we block it. Return YES if all seems well, NO if not.
+ */
+
+/* Here is the list of things we do NOT allow user to change between a
+ * mrpt and the (earlier) measure that defines it */
+static struct Disallowed_ssv_fields {
+       int     field;          /* index of the field in SSV "used" array */
+       char *  name;           /* to use in error message */
+} mrpt_ssv_list[] = {
+       { TIME,                 "time" },
+       { DEFOCT,               "defoct" },
+       { CLEF,                 "clef" },
+       { TRANSPOSITION,        "transpose" },
+       { ADDTRANSPOSITION,     "addtranspose" },
+       { NUMSTAFF,             "staffs" },
+       { 0,                    (char *) 0 }    /* end the list */
+};
+
+static int
+chk_mrpt_ssv_interactions(ssv_p, gs_p, staffno)
+
+struct SSV *ssv_p;
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+int staffno;
+
+{
+       int ret = YES;  /* return value after all checks */
+       int err = NO;   /* did we find error this time through loop? */
+       int field;      /* index into used array in SSV */
+       int i;          /* loop through list of disallowed things */
+
+
+       /* check all possible thing that we don't allow. Complain about
+        * as many errors as we find. Some of these things only occur in
+        * score or score/staff context, but it's easier to just make
+        * the code very general; if the field isn't used, things will still
+        * work just fine.
+        */
+       for (i = 0; mrpt_ssv_list[i].name != (char *) 0; i++) {
+               field = mrpt_ssv_list[i].field;
+               err = NO;
+
+               switch (ssv_p->context) {
+
+               case C_SCORE:
+                       /* for things that can be overriden on staff
+                        * and/or voice, the score one will only apply
+                        * if there isn't an override in effect */
+                       if (ssv_p->used[field] == YES) {
+                               if (Staff[staffno-1].used[field] == YES) {
+                                       /* overridden by staff, so ignore */
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               if (voices_override(staffno, field) == YES) {
+                                       /* overridden by all voices; ignore */
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               err = YES;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               case C_STAFF:
+               case C_VOICE:
+                       if (ssv_p->staffno != staffno) {
+                               /* This applies to some other staff. Since this
+                                * SSV is totally irrrelevant, we can return,
+                                * rather than loop through checking for other
+                                * possible errors. */
+                               return(YES);
+                       }
+                       if (ssv_p->used[field] == YES) {
+                               if (ssv_p->context == C_STAFF &&
+                                               voices_override(staffno, field) == YES) {
+                                       /* overridden on all voices, so ignore */
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               err = YES;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       pfatal("bad context in mrpt/ssv check");
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (err == YES) {
+                       /* this field change not allowed */
+                       l_yyerror(gs_p->inputfile, gs_p->inputlineno,
+                               "can't use mrpt after %s change",
+                               mrpt_ssv_list[i].name);
+                       ret = NO;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return(ret);
+}
+\f
+
+/* Returns YES if the given SSV field is overriden by all voices
+ * on the given staff, NO if not. */
+
+static int
+voices_override(staff, field)
+
+int staff;     /* check this staff */
+int field;     /* check this field */
+
+{
+       int numvoices;
+       int v;
+
+       numvoices = vscheme_voices(svpath(staff, VSCHEME)->vscheme);
+       for (v = 0; v < numvoices; v++) {
+               if (Voice[staff - 1][v].used[field] == NO) {
+                       /* this voice does not override */
+                       return(NO);
+               }
+       }
+       return(YES);
+}
+\f
+
+/* return YES if given GRPSYL represents a measure repeat */
+
+int
+is_mrpt(gs_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+
+{
+       return (gs_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0 && gs_p->is_meas == YES 
+               && gs_p->grpcont == GC_NOTES && gs_p->nnotes == 0) ? YES : NO;
+}
+
+/* return YES if given GRPSYL represents a measure space */
+
+static int
+is_ms(gs_p)
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+
+{
+       /* non-existent is like measure space */
+       if (gs_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               return(YES);
+       }
+       return (gs_p->is_meas == YES && gs_p->grpcont == GC_SPACE) ? YES : NO;
+}
+\f
+
+/* sort the notes to be top to bottom */
+
+static void
+sort_notes(grpsyl_p, fname, lineno)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;       /* sort the notes off this GRPSYL */
+char *fname;                   /* file name for error messages */
+int lineno;                    /* input line number */
+
+{
+       register int n;
+       struct NOTE *highest_p; /* note with highest pitch on a staff */
+       struct NOTE *lowest_p;  /* note with lowest pitch on a staff */
+       int othervis = -1;              /* staff number of adjacent visible staff */
+
+
+       if (grpsyl_p->nnotes < 2) {
+               /* nothing to sort! */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* If have cross-staff stemming, do extra error checks */
+       if (grpsyl_p->stemto != CS_SAME) {
+
+               if (Doing_tab_staff == YES) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                       "stemming with another staff is not allowed on a tablature staff");
+               }
+               else if (svpath(grpsyl_p->staffno, STAFFLINES)->stafflines != 5) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                       "stemming to another staff only allowed from a 5-line staff");
+               }
+               if (input_style(grpsyl_p->staffno, grpsyl_p->vno)
+                                       == IS_CHORD_INPUT) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                       "stemming to another staff not allowed on chord-at-a-time input");
+               }
+
+               if (grpsyl_p->stemto == CS_ABOVE) {
+                       for (othervis = grpsyl_p->staffno - 1; othervis > 0; othervis--) {
+                               if (svpath(othervis, VISIBLE)->visible == YES) {
+                                       if (svpath(grpsyl_p->staffno, STAFFLINES)->stafflines != 5
+                                                   || is_tab_staff(othervis)) {
+                                               l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                                               "for stem with staff above, preceeding visible staff must be a normal 5-line staff");
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (othervis <= 0) {
+                               l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                               "can't stem with above from top visible staff");
+                       }
+               }
+               else if (grpsyl_p->stemto == CS_BELOW) {
+                       for (othervis = grpsyl_p->staffno + 1; othervis <= Score.staffs; othervis++) {
+                               if (svpath(othervis, VISIBLE)->visible == YES) {
+                                       if (svpath(grpsyl_p->staffno, STAFFLINES)->stafflines != 5
+                                                   || is_tab_staff(othervis)) {
+                                               l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                                               "for stem with staff below, following visible staff must be a normal 5-line staff");
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (othervis >= Score.staffs + 1) {
+                               l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                               "can't stem with below from bottom visible staff");
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* The two staffs must have the same staffscale.
+                * Use floating point comparision for "close enough" */
+               if (othervis > 0 && othervis <= Score.staffs) {
+                       if (fabs(svpath(othervis,STAFFSCALE)->staffscale -
+                       svpath(grpsyl_p->staffno, STAFFSCALE)->staffscale) > 0.001) {
+                               l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                               "staff being stemed to must have same staffscale");
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* If this group is stemmed to another staff,
+        * we have to make sure the notes on the two staffs don't overlap,
+        * since we can't handle duplicate notes,
+        * and it's kind of silly anyway.
+        * At this point, the stemto_idx will be at the first
+        * "other staff" note. In the case of stem with above,
+        * we need to adjust that to be at the last normal staff group,
+        * because that is the convention we use. In any case, once
+        * we verify there is no overlap, we can go ahead and sort the
+        * group as usual, since we know that will end up sorting each
+        * staff's notes properly.
+        */
+       if (grpsyl_p->stemto == CS_ABOVE) {
+               /* Find highest note on normal staff */
+               if (grpsyl_p->stemto_idx == 0) {
+                       /* no notes at all on normal staff */
+                       highest_p = 0;
+                       n = 0;
+               }
+               else {
+                       highest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[0]);
+                       for (n = 1; n < grpsyl_p->stemto_idx; n++) {
+                               if (notecomp(&(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]), highest_p) > 0) {
+                                       highest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               /* Find lowest note on above staff */
+               if (grpsyl_p->stemto_idx == grpsyl_p->nnotes) {
+                       /* Actually, we don't currently allow this case
+                        * (blocked in parsing code),
+                        * but if we ever do, this code should handle it...
+                        */
+                       lowest_p = 0;
+               }
+               else {
+                       lowest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                       for ( ; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                               if (notecomp(&(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]), lowest_p) < 0) {
+                                       lowest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               /* Make sure there is no overlap */
+               if (highest_p != 0 && lowest_p != 0 &&
+                                       notecomp(highest_p, lowest_p) <= 0) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                       "the 'with above' notes are not allowed to overlap with notes on the normal staff");
+               }
+
+               /* With CS_ABOVE, the index is supposed to point to the last on
+                * the normal, so adjust to do that. */
+               grpsyl_p->stemto_idx = grpsyl_p->nnotes - grpsyl_p->stemto_idx - 1;
+       }
+       else if (grpsyl_p->stemto == CS_BELOW) {
+               /* Do analogous for below */
+               /* Find lowest note on normal staff */
+               if (grpsyl_p->stemto_idx == 0) {
+                       /* no notes at all on normal staff */
+                       lowest_p = 0;
+                       n = 0;
+               }
+               else {
+                       lowest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[0]);
+                       for (n = 1; n < grpsyl_p->stemto_idx; n++) {
+                               if (notecomp(&(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]), lowest_p) < 0) {
+                                       lowest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               /* Find highest note on below staff */
+               if (grpsyl_p->stemto_idx == grpsyl_p->nnotes) {
+                       highest_p = 0;
+                       n = 0;
+               }
+               else {
+                       highest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                       for (n++ ; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                               if (notecomp(&(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]), highest_p) > 0) {
+                                       highest_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               /* Make sure there is no overlap */
+               if (highest_p != 0 && lowest_p != 0 &&
+                                       notecomp(highest_p, lowest_p) <= 0) {
+                       l_yyerror(grpsyl_p->inputfile, grpsyl_p->inputlineno,
+                       "the 'with below' notes are not allowed to overlap with notes on the normal staff");
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* sort top to bottom */
+       qsort( (char *) grpsyl_p->notelist, (unsigned int) grpsyl_p->nnotes,
+                                       sizeof (struct NOTE), notecomp);
+
+       /* now that they are sorted, check for duplicates. */
+       for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes - 1; n++) {
+               if (notecomp(&(grpsyl_p->notelist[n]),
+                                       &(grpsyl_p->notelist[n+1])) == 0) {
+                       /* For voice-at-a-time, duplicate is an error.
+                        * For chord-at-a-time, we merge them, except that
+                        * for tablature, if the frets don't match we
+                        * can't merge them. */
+                       if (input_style(grpsyl_p->staffno, grpsyl_p->vno)
+                                       == IS_VOICE_INPUT ||
+                                       (Doing_tab_staff == YES &&
+                                       grpsyl_p->notelist[n].FRETNO !=
+                                       grpsyl_p->notelist[n+1].FRETNO)
+                                       ) {
+                               if (Doing_tab_staff == YES) {
+                                       struct STRINGINFO *strinfo_p;
+
+                                       strinfo_p = &(svpath(grpsyl_p->staffno,
+                                               STAFFLINES)->strinfo[ (int)
+                                               grpsyl_p->notelist[n].STRINGNO]);
+                                       l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                               "string %s occurred more than once in a single chord",
+                                               format_string_name(
+                                               strinfo_p->letter,
+                                               strinfo_p->accidental,
+                                               strinfo_p->nticks));
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       l_yyerror(fname, lineno,
+                                               "pitch %c%d occurred more than once in a single chord",
+                                               grpsyl_p->notelist[n].letter,
+                                               grpsyl_p->notelist[n].octave);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               merge_dup_notes(grpsyl_p, n);
+                               /* in case there was more than one duplicate,
+                                * arrange to check this same one again,
+                                * against the group that has taken the place
+                                * of the removed group (if any) */
+                               n--;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* Compare notes. Return 1 if first is lower, -1 if higher, 0 if same.
+ * For tablature, this just compares the strings; for non-tablature,
+ * it just compares pitch and octave, not counting accidentals. */
+
+int
+notecomp(item1_p, item2_p)
+
+#ifdef __STDC__
+const void *item1_p;           /* the notes to compare */
+const void *item2_p;
+#else
+char *item1_p;         /* the notes to compare */
+char *item2_p;
+#endif
+
+{
+       struct NOTE *note1_p;
+       struct NOTE *note2_p;
+
+       /* cast to proper type */
+       note1_p = (struct NOTE *) item1_p;
+       note2_p = (struct NOTE *) item2_p;
+
+       if (Doing_tab_staff == YES) {
+               /* for tablature, just need to compare the string numbers. */
+               if (note1_p->STRINGNO < note2_p->STRINGNO) {
+                       return(-1);
+               }
+               else if (note1_p->STRINGNO > note2_p->STRINGNO) {
+                       return(1);
+               }
+               else {
+                       return(0);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* first compare octaves */
+       if ( note1_p->octave < note2_p->octave) {
+               return(1);
+       }
+
+       if (note1_p->octave > note2_p->octave) {
+               return(-1);
+       }
+       
+       /* if same octaves, compare pitches */
+       if (Letshift[note1_p->letter - 'a'] < Letshift[note2_p->letter - 'a']) {
+               return(1);
+       }
+
+       if (Letshift[note1_p->letter - 'a'] > Letshift[note2_p->letter - 'a']) {
+               return(-1);
+       }
+
+       return(0);
+}
+\f
+
+/* Make sure data ends with some kind of bar line (which can optionally
+ * be followed by blocks). Start at end of  main list and go backwards.
+ * If we hit a S_BAR, then all is well.
+ * If we hit a S_STAFF first or beginning of list, we have a problem.
+ * Also does error checks on any FEED at the end of the piece.
+ * It does a similar check on any FEED at the beginning. (It doesn't
+ * really fit the name of the function, but keeps the checks together.)
+ */
+
+void
+check4barline_at_end()
+
+{
+       struct MAINLL *list_p;  /* walk through main list */
+       int saw_block = NO;     /* if saw an S_BLOCKHEAD */
+
+
+       /* first check for FEED at the beginning */
+       for (list_p = Mainllhc_p; list_p != (struct MAINLL *) NULL;
+                               list_p = list_p->next) {
+               if (list_p->str == S_STAFF) {
+                       /* no user-supplied feed at beginning */
+                       break;
+               }
+               else if (list_p->str == S_FEED) {
+                       /* rightmargin applies to previous feed,
+                        * but there is no previous feed to the first score */
+                       if (list_p->u.feed_p->rightmargin >= 0.0) {
+                               l_warning(list_p->inputfile, list_p->inputlineno,
+                                       "rightmargin on newscore at beginning of piece is ignored");
+                       }
+                       /* Note: we probably ought to give a
+                        * warning for pagefeed here and ignore it,
+                        * to be like at the end of a piece.
+                        * But this was inadvertently allowed in the past
+                        * (it produces a blank page),
+                        * so we leave it that way
+                        * for backward compatibility.
+                        */
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (list_p = Mainlltc_p; list_p != (struct MAINLL *) NULL;
+                               list_p = list_p->prev) {
+
+               if (list_p->str == S_BAR) {
+                       /* found BAR before STAFF. Good. */
+                       /* if user forgot to end an ending, do it for them */
+                       if (list_p->u.bar_p->endingloc == INITEM) {
+                               list_p->u.bar_p->endingloc = ENDITEM;
+                       }
+                       else if (list_p->u.bar_p->endingloc == STARTITEM) {
+                               l_yyerror(list_p->inputfile, list_p->inputlineno,
+                                       "can't begin ending on final bar line");
+                       }
+
+                       if (list_p->u.bar_p->bartype == RESTART) {
+                               l_yyerror(list_p->inputfile, list_p->inputlineno,
+                                       "final bar line cannot be a restart");
+                       }
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               else if (list_p->str == S_STAFF) {
+                       /* Oh-oh. No ending bar line */
+                       yyerror("ending bar line missing");
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               else if (list_p->str == S_BLOCKHEAD) {
+                       saw_block = YES;
+               }
+               else if (list_p->str == S_FEED) {
+                       if (list_p->u.feed_p->leftmargin >= 0.0) {
+                               l_warning(list_p->inputfile, list_p->inputlineno,
+                                       "leftmargin on newscore at end of piece is ignored");
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if we are here, we went all through the list */
+       if (saw_block == NO) {
+               yyerror("no music data or blocks found in input");
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* when user wants a multi-rest, create a STAFF for each staff. Then for
+ * each of them, fill in a GRPSYL with basictime as the negative of the
+ * number of measure, and fulltime as the length of a measure. Attach this
+ * GRPSYL as the only item off of voice 1, and to other voices as well,
+ * if there are other voice and we are doing MIDI. */
+
+void
+add_multirest(nummeas)
+
+int nummeas;           /* how many measures in the multi-rest */
+
+{
+       register int s;         /*staff index */
+       struct GRPSYL *new_p;   /* newly allocated GRPSYL for multirest */
+       int v;                  /* voice index */
+       int numvoices;
+
+
+       /* if already have notes in this measure, user goofed */
+       if (Got_group == YES) {
+               report_mix_error();
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (Got_multirest == 1) {
+               yyerror("can't have consecutive multirests (maybe missing bar?)");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* we could allow up to 32767 and still fit in a short, but huge
+        * numbers can lead to rational overflow in midi, and who in their
+        * right mind would want that many measures of multirest anyway? */
+       if (rangecheck(nummeas, 2, MAXMULTINUM, "multirest measures") == NO) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* create all the staffs and fill them in */
+       create_staffs();
+       for (s = 1; s <= Score.staffs; s++) {
+               numvoices = vscheme_voices(svpath(s, VSCHEME)->vscheme);
+               for (v = 0; v < numvoices; v++) {
+                       if (v == 0 || Doing_MIDI == YES) {
+                               Staffmap_p[s]->u.staff_p->groups_p[v] = new_p
+                                               = newGRPSYL(GS_GROUP);
+                               new_p->grpcont = GC_REST;
+                               new_p->basictime = -nummeas;
+                               new_p->fulltime = Score.time;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       Got_multirest = 1;
+       Got_some_data = YES;
+
+       /* update measure numbers for rehearsal mark and stuff use */
+       Meas_num += nummeas;
+       multi_stuff(nummeas);
+}
+\f
+
+/* this function gets called when we discover user has mixed multi-rest and
+ * music data in a single measure. If we've already reported this on the
+ * current measure, Got_multirest will be 2, so we just return,
+ * otherwise report it and set Got_multirest to 2 */
+
+void
+report_mix_error()
+
+{
+       if (Got_multirest != 2) {
+               yyerror( "can't mix music data and multi-rest in same measure");
+               Got_multirest = 2;
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* Recursively free a list of GRPSYLs. If this is a GS_GROUP,
+ * also free the withlist and notelist if they exist,
+ * and anything hanging off the notelist. If this is a GS_SYLLABLE, anything
+ * that is hanging of the grpsyl will NOT be freed.
+ */
+
+void
+free_grpsyls(gs_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;           /* what to free */
+
+{
+       int n;                  /* to index through lists */
+
+       if (gs_p == (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+               /* end of recursion */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (gs_p->grpsyl == GS_GROUP) {
+               free_notelist(gs_p);
+
+               /* free the withlist */
+               for (n = 0; n < gs_p->nwith; n++) {
+                       if (gs_p->withlist[n] != (char *) 0) {
+                               FREE(gs_p->withlist[n]);
+                       }
+               }
+               if (gs_p->withlist != (char **) 0 && gs_p->nwith > 0) {
+                       FREE(gs_p->withlist);
+               }
+       }
+
+       free_grpsyls(gs_p->next);
+       FREE(gs_p);
+}
+\f
+
+/* Free things off of NOTEs in the notelist, if any, plus the list itself */
+
+void
+free_notelist(gs_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+
+{
+       int n;
+
+       for (n = 0; n < gs_p->nnotes; n++) {
+               /* free coordinate array, if any */
+               if (gs_p->notelist[n].c != (float *) 0) {
+                       FREE(gs_p->notelist[n].c);
+               }
+
+               /* free any slurto lists */
+               if (gs_p->notelist[n].slurtolist != (struct SLURTO *) 0) {
+                       FREE(gs_p->notelist[n].slurtolist);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* free the notelist itself, if any */
+       if (gs_p->notelist != (struct NOTE *) 0 && gs_p->nnotes > 0) {
+               FREE(gs_p->notelist);
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* add a slurto note to list */
+
+void
+add_slurto(grpsyl_p, pitch, octave, note_index, slurstyle)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;       /* what group to associate slurto with */
+int    pitch;                  /* 'a' to 'g' */
+int    octave;
+int    note_index;             /* which note in the chord to slur from */
+int    slurstyle;              /* L_NORMAL, L_DOTTED, or L_DASHED */
+
+{
+       struct NOTE *note_p;    /* note to attach to */
+
+
+       if (note_index < 0) {
+               /* user tried to slur from a rest or something like that */
+               yyerror("no note to slur from");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       note_p = &(grpsyl_p->notelist [ note_index ]);
+       if (note_p->nslurto == 0) {
+               /* first time--need to allocate */
+               MALLOC(SLURTO, note_p->slurtolist, 1);
+       }
+
+       /* else re-allocate more space */
+       else {
+               REALLOC(SLURTO, note_p->slurtolist, note_p->nslurto + 1);
+       }
+
+       note_p->slurtolist [ note_p->nslurto ].letter = (char) pitch;
+       note_p->slurtolist [ note_p->nslurto ].octave = (short) octave;
+       note_p->slurtolist [ note_p->nslurto ].slurstyle = (short) slurstyle;
+       /* we'll fix up this value later when we know the right one */
+       note_p->slurtolist [ note_p->nslurto ].slurdir = (short) UNKNOWN;
+
+       (note_p->nslurto)++;
+}
+\f
+
+/* At the beginning of a <> which indicates slurs,
+ * save which slurtolist index we are are on.
+ * When at the end of the slur, we will discover if the user specified a
+ * bend direction for the slurs, and if so, have to go back and fill in
+ * that direction for all the slurtolist items from the saved index to
+ * the end of the list. This is needed since user may have several <>
+ * items with different directions, e.g.,
+ *     a<c+>up<g>down<e>
+ */
+
+void
+begin_slur(grpsyl_p, note_index)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;
+int note_index;
+
+{
+       if (grpsyl_p == 0 || note_index < 0 || note_index >= grpsyl_p->nnotes) {
+               /* must have been bad input */
+               return;
+       }
+       Slur_begin = grpsyl_p->notelist[note_index].nslurto;
+}
+
+/* At the end of a slur, either <> style or "slur" keyword style,
+ * go back and fill in the bulge direction. If note_index is -1,
+ * this is a "slur" that applies to all notes of the group, and
+ * there should be one slurto item on each note.
+ */
+
+void
+set_slurdir(grpsyl_p, note_index, dir)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;
+int note_index;                /* which note's slurtolist to use */
+int dir;               /* UP, DOWN, UNKNOWN */
+
+{
+       int n;
+       int i;
+
+       if (note_index == -1) {
+               for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (grpsyl_p->notelist[n].nslurto >= 1) {
+                               grpsyl_p->notelist[n]
+                                       .slurtolist[grpsyl_p->notelist[n].nslurto-1]
+                                       .slurdir = dir;
+                       }
+                       /* If no slurto, should already have
+                        * error generated elsewhere */
+               }
+       }
+       else {
+               for (i = Slur_begin; i < grpsyl_p->notelist[note_index].nslurto; i++) {
+                       grpsyl_p->notelist[note_index].slurtolist[i].slurdir = dir;
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a bend string, return what should be crammed into the
+ * octave field to save this info, using the TABOCT macro. If the string
+ * is incomprehensible, print error, and do what we can. */
+
+/* define states for the simple parser */
+#define DOING_INTEGER          1
+#define DOING_NUMERATOR                2
+#define DOING_DENOMINATOR      3
+#define GOT_ERROR              4
+
+static int
+parse_bend_string(bendstring)
+
+char *bendstring;
+
+{
+       int intpart = 0;        /* integer part of bend */
+       int num = 0, den = 1;   /* numerator and denominator
+                                * of fractional part of bend */
+
+
+       /* if null string, easy to parse */
+       if (bendstring == (char *) 0) {
+               return (TABOCT(0, 0, 0));
+       }
+
+       /* string is in internal format, so skip first 2 bytes, plus any
+        * leading white space */
+       for (bendstring += 2; *bendstring != '\0'; bendstring++) {
+               if (isgraph(*bendstring)) {
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* the text "full" is a special case */
+       if (strcmp(bendstring, "full") == 0) {
+               intpart = 1;
+       }
+       else {
+               /* the text better be a number and/or fractional part,
+                * so parse that */
+               int state;      /* DOING_INTEGER, DOING_NUMERATOR,
+                                * DOING_DENOMINATOR, or GOT_ERROR */
+
+               for (state = DOING_INTEGER;
+                               *bendstring != '\0' && state < GOT_ERROR;
+                               bendstring++) {
+
+                       if (isdigit(*bendstring)) {
+                               /* add to the correct item */
+                               switch(state) {
+                               case DOING_INTEGER:
+                                       intpart = (intpart * 10) + (*bendstring - '0');
+                                       break;
+                               case DOING_NUMERATOR:
+                                       num = (num * 10) + (*bendstring - '0');
+                                       break;
+                               case DOING_DENOMINATOR:
+                                       den = (den * 10) + (*bendstring - '0');
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       pfatal("bad state in parse_bend_string");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* handle white space */
+                       else if (*bendstring == ' ' || *bendstring == '\t') {
+                               if (state == DOING_INTEGER) {
+                                       /* end of integer part */
+                                       state = DOING_NUMERATOR;
+                               }
+                               /* ignore any other white space */
+                       }
+
+                       else if (*bendstring == '/') {
+                               /* starting parsing of denominator */
+                               den = 0;
+
+                               switch (state) {
+
+                               case DOING_INTEGER:
+                                       /* oops. what we thought was the integer
+                                        * part was really the numerator of the
+                                        * fractional part. Adjust accordingly. */
+                                       num = intpart;
+                                       intpart = 0;
+                                       state = DOING_DENOMINATOR;
+                                       break;
+
+                               case DOING_NUMERATOR:
+                                       state = DOING_DENOMINATOR;
+                                       break;
+
+                               case DOING_DENOMINATOR:
+                                       yyerror("more than one / in bend string");
+                                       state = GOT_ERROR;
+                                       break;
+
+                               default:
+                                       pfatal("bad state in parse_bend_string");
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       else {
+                               yyerror("invalid character in bend string");
+                               state = GOT_ERROR;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* make sure we can fit them in our cramped space */
+       (void) rangecheck(intpart, MINBENDINT, MAXBENDINT,
+                                       "integer part of bend");
+       (void) rangecheck(num, MINBENDNUM, MAXBENDNUM,
+                                       "numerator of bend fraction");
+       (void) rangecheck(den, MINBENDDEN, MAXBENDDEN,
+                                       "denominator of bend fraction");
+
+       return (TABOCT(intpart, num, den));
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a tablature GRPSYL, look up the proper string number based on the
+ * letter/accidental that is currently there, and fill in the STRINGNO and
+ * FRETNO fields with their correct values. The slurto items also get
+ * their string letter/accidental values translated to string number. */
+
+static void
+fix_frets(grpsyl_item_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_item_p;
+
+{
+       int n;                  /* index through note list */
+       int s;                  /* index through slurto */
+       struct NOTE *note_p;    /* current note */
+       struct STRINGINFO *string_info_p;       /* string translation table,
+                                * to map between pitch/accidental and
+                                * string number */
+       int nstrings;           /* how many strings there are */
+
+
+       /* find appropriate string mapping table and its size */
+       string_info_p = Staff[grpsyl_item_p->staffno - 1].strinfo;
+       nstrings = Staff[grpsyl_item_p->staffno - 1].stafflines;
+
+       /* for each note, translate to string number, and put fret in its
+        * proper field */
+       for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_item_p->nnotes; n++) {
+               /* get pointer to the current note in the group */
+               note_p = &(grpsyl_item_p->notelist[n]);
+
+               /* doing mapping from pitch/accidental to string number */
+               note_p->STRINGNO = string_number(string_info_p, nstrings,
+                       note_p->letter, note_p->accidental, TMP_NTICKS(note_p));
+
+               /* fill in the correct fret number, now that its space is
+                * available */
+               note_p->FRETNO = TMP_FRET(note_p);
+               note_p->stepsup = 0;    /* no longer need this temp space */
+
+               /* also fix up any slurto items */
+               for (s = 0; s < note_p->nslurto; s++) {
+                       if (note_p->slurtolist[s].octave == USE_DFLT_OCTAVE) {
+                               note_p->slurtolist[s].STRINGNO
+                                                       = note_p->STRINGNO;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/* look up a letter/acc/nticks combination in the string_info_p table of
+ * size nstrings, and return the index of the string that matched. If none
+ * match, print an error and return 0. However, if the pitch is PP_NO_PITCH,
+ * don't print the error, because an error would already have been printed
+ * earlier, and it just adds confusion to print another one.
+ * Also don't complain about rest and space, because they are legal.
+ */
+
+static int
+string_number(string_info_p, nstrings, letter, accidental, nticks)
+
+struct STRINGINFO *string_info_p;      /* string translation table */
+int nstrings;                          /* number of entries in table */
+int letter;
+int accidental;
+int nticks;                            /* number of ' marks */
+
+{
+       register int i;
+
+       if (string_info_p == (struct STRINGINFO *) 0) {
+               pfatal("null stringinfo");
+       }
+
+       /* look through string_info list for a matching string */
+       for (i = 0; i < nstrings; i++) {
+               if (string_info_p[i].letter == letter &&
+                               string_info_p[i].accidental == accidental &&
+                               string_info_p[i].nticks == nticks) {
+                       /* found it. return its index */
+                       return(i);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* If letter is PP_NO_PITCH, that means user failed to put a letter
+        * for the first group in the measure. We would have already
+        * exclaimed about that in fix_a_grpsyl_list(), so rather than
+        * generate lots more messages due to the same error,
+        * just silently return the default string of 0.
+        * Rests, spaces, and rpts are also fine--they will get converted to
+        * groups later. Otherwise the error message is needed. */
+       if (letter >= 'a' && letter <= 'g') {
+               /* no match found */
+               l_yyerror(Curr_filename, yylineno, "no '%s' string",
+                               format_string_name(letter, accidental, nticks));
+       }
+
+       /* use string 0 as default, to have something to return */
+       return(0);
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a string number and staff number, return the text representation
+ * of that string. Returns pointer to static area. */
+
+char *
+stringname(stringno, staffno)
+
+int stringno;
+int staffno;
+
+{
+       struct STRINGINFO *stringinfo_p;
+
+
+       /* make sure we have a valid string number */
+       if (stringno < 0 || stringno >= Staff[staffno - 1].stafflines) {
+               pfatal("string number %d out of range", stringno);
+       }
+
+       /* get pointer to proper table entry for this string */
+       stringinfo_p = & (Staff[staffno - 1].strinfo[stringno] );
+
+       /* return text representation */
+       return(format_string_name(stringinfo_p->letter,
+                       stringinfo_p->accidental,
+                       stringinfo_p->nticks));
+}
+\f
+
+/* to print some ticks, print as much of this string as necessary */
+static char tickstring[MAXTICKS + 1];
+
+/* given string letter, accidental, and number of tick marks, return
+ * pointer to static area that contains the text representation of the
+ * string name */
+
+char *
+format_string_name(letter, accidental, nticks)
+
+int letter;
+int accidental;
+int nticks;
+
+{
+       static char name[MAXTICKS + 3]; /* this is what will get returned */
+       int tickoffset = 1;     /* where in name that ticks begin */
+       int i;
+
+       /* fill in string letter plus accidental if any */
+       name[0] = (char) letter;
+       if (accidental != 0) {
+               name[1] = (char) accidental;
+               tickoffset++;
+       }
+
+       /* first time through, fill in maximum number of ticks. This makes
+        * it possible to have the right number, even if MAXTICKS changes
+        * some day */
+       if (tickstring[0] == '\0') {
+               for (i = 0; i < MAXTICKS; i++) {
+                       tickstring[i] = '\'';
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* add appropriate number of ticks to name */
+       (void) sprintf(name + tickoffset, tickstring + strlen(tickstring) - nticks);
+
+       return(name);
+}
+\f
+
+/* given a list of grpsyls, check that every non-prebend bend has a previous
+ * groups which contains the same string as the bend is on. Also disallow
+ * slashes on groups that just have a bend. */
+
+static void
+check_bends(gs_p, mll_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *gs_p;
+struct MAINLL *mll_p;
+
+{
+       int n;                          /* notelist index */
+       int ns;                         /* slurto index */
+       struct GRPSYL *prevgrp_p;       /* previous group in same staff/voice */
+       struct NOTE *prevnote_p;        /* note in previous group */
+       int has_bend, has_prebend;      /* YES or NO */
+       struct MAINLL *nmll_p;
+
+
+       /* check each group in the list */
+       for (  ; gs_p != (struct GRPSYL *) 0; gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+
+               /* check each note in the group */
+               has_bend = has_prebend = NO;
+               for (n = 0; n < gs_p->nnotes; n++) {
+
+                       if (HASBEND(gs_p->notelist[n])
+                                       && gs_p->notelist[n].FRETNO == NOFRET) {
+
+                               /* this is a non-prebend bend, so it needs to
+                                * be checked. Find the previous group */
+                               has_prebend = YES;
+                               nmll_p = mll_p;
+                               if ((prevgrp_p = prevgrpsyl(gs_p, &nmll_p))
+                                               != (struct GRPSYL *) 0) {
+
+                                       /* find the matching note (string),
+                                        * If not found, the function will
+                                        * print an error. */
+                                       prevnote_p =
+                                               find_matching_note(prevgrp_p,
+                                               gs_p->notelist[n].letter,
+                                               gs_p->notelist[n].octave,
+                                               "bend");
+
+                                       if (prevnote_p == (struct NOTE *) 0) {
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+
+                                       /* previous group not allowed to have
+                                        * slide other than inward nowhere */
+                                       for (ns = 0; ns < prevnote_p->nslurto;
+                                                                       ns++) {
+                                               switch (prevnote_p->slurtolist
+                                                               [ns].octave) {
+                                               case IN_UPWARD:
+                                               case IN_DOWNWARD:
+                                                       /* these are okay */
+                                                       break;
+                                               default:
+                                                       l_yyerror(gs_p->inputfile,
+                                                       gs_p->inputlineno,
+                                                       "can't have bend on note following a slide");
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       yyerror("can't do bend--no previous group");
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+
+                               /* slashes are not allowed on bend groups */
+                               if (gs_p->slash_alt != 0) {
+                                       yyerror("slash not allowed with bend");
+                                       gs_p->slash_alt = 0;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else if (HASBEND(gs_p->notelist[n])
+                                       && gs_p->notelist[n].FRETNO != NOFRET) {
+                               has_bend = YES;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (has_bend == YES && has_prebend == YES) {
+                       yyerror("mixture of prebend and bend not allowed on the same chord");
+               }
+       }
+}
+\f
+
+/*
+ * When the input includes additive time values like 2+8 or 2.+32
+ * on groups, we need to create a group for each extra time value.
+ * For notes, the groups are all tied together to make them effectively
+ * a single group. If there are any subtractions in the list of time values,
+ * we have no way to determine what time values the user really wants,
+ * so we keep using as big as possible (including dots) until we get enough.
+ * Should be called with the group currently last in the GRPSYL list.
+ * Returns the (possibly new) last group.
+ */
+
+struct GRPSYL *
+expandgrp(grpsyl_p, timelist_p)
+
+struct GRPSYL *grpsyl_p;       /* the first group; pattern to clone */
+struct TIMELIST *timelist_p;   /* the list of additional time values */
+
+{
+       struct GRPSYL *gs_p;    /* group being processed */
+       struct TIMELIST *tl_p;  /* index through list to check for subtracts */
+       int had_neg;            /* YES if there was at least one subtraction */
+       RATIONAL totaltime;     /* all times added together */
+       int n;                  /* index through notelist */
+
+
+       if (timelist_p == 0) {
+               /* nothing to expand */
+               return(grpsyl_p);
+       }
+
+       /* disallow on grace */
+       if (grpsyl_p->grpvalue == GV_ZERO) {
+               yyerror("can't use additive time values on grace notes");
+               return(grpsyl_p);
+       }
+       /* disallow if alt on group */
+       if (grpsyl_p->slash_alt < 0) {
+               yyerror("can't use additive time values and alt on same chord");
+               return(grpsyl_p);
+       }
+
+       /* If there were any subtraction, need to do that differently
+        * than if all are additions. Check if any subtractions, and
+        * add up total time in case we need it. */
+       for (had_neg = NO, totaltime = grpsyl_p->fulltime, tl_p = timelist_p;
+                                       tl_p != 0; tl_p = tl_p->next) {
+               if (MI(tl_p->fulltime)) {
+                       had_neg = YES;
+               }
+               totaltime = radd(totaltime, tl_p->fulltime);
+       }
+       if (had_neg == YES) {
+               /* It's impossible to know what time values the user
+                * really wants us to use, so we keep using the largest
+                * possible values until we get enough, using as many
+                * dots as possible along the way.
+                */
+               RATIONAL try;   /* The time value we're currently attempting
+                                * to use; will be used if remaining time
+                                * is at least this long, else take half
+                                * and try again. */
+               int needgrp;    /* YES if need to alloc a new group.
+                                * (Have one group to start with,
+                                * so first time through loop don't need
+                                * to allocate.) */
+
+               /* We start with double whole, and keep using smaller times
+                * from there until we get enough, using dots if possible.
+                * I suppose for rests we really *should* start with quad
+                * whole rather than double whole, but since we don't know
+                * what the user really wants anyway, and the cases where
+                * this would make a difference are so rare, and since the
+                * user can always specify exactly what they do want,
+                * don't bother. (They'll just get two double whole rests.) */
+               gs_p = grpsyl_p;
+               for (needgrp = NO, try = Two; PL(totaltime);   ) {
+                       if (GE(totaltime, try)) {
+                               /* We can use this trial time value */
+                               if (needgrp == YES) {
+                                       gs_p->next = clone_gs_list(gs_p, YES);
+                                       gs_p->next->prev = gs_p;
+                                       gs_p = gs_p->next;
+                                       /* If the original group started a beam,
+                                        * added groups must be inside */
+                                       if (gs_p->beamloc == STARTITEM) {
+                                               gs_p->beamloc = INITEM;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               gs_p->fulltime = try;
+                               gs_p->dots = 0;
+                               gs_p->basictime = reconstruct_basictime(gs_p->fulltime);
+                               totaltime = rsub(totaltime, try);
+                               if (GE(totaltime, try)) {
+                                       /* Total time is so long we can use
+                                        * another one of this time value. */
+                                       needgrp = YES;
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               /* Trial time is too long. Try half as much. */
+                               try = rdiv(try, Two);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       /* If still some time left, see if we can add one
+                        * or more dots to use up more time. */
+                       for (try = rdiv(try, Two); GE(totaltime, try);
+                                                       try = rdiv(try, Two)) {
+                               (gs_p->dots)++;
+                               gs_p->fulltime = radd(gs_p->fulltime,
+                                                               try);
+                               totaltime = rsub(totaltime, try);
+                       }
+                       needgrp = YES;
+               }
+       }
+
+       else {           /* (No subtractions) */
+               /* We will add a group for each added time value */
+               for (gs_p = grpsyl_p; timelist_p != 0;
+                                               timelist_p = timelist_p->next) {
+                       /* Make a copy the GRPSYL. This function is to be called
+                        * with the group currently at the end of a list,
+                        * so the "list" being cloned is only a single group,
+                        * but might as well use the existing function... */
+                       gs_p->next = clone_gs_list(gs_p, YES);
+                       gs_p->next->prev = gs_p;
+                       gs_p = gs_p->next;
+                       /* Now fix up the time values in the cloned group */
+                       gs_p->fulltime = timelist_p->fulltime;
+                       gs_p->basictime = reconstruct_basictime(gs_p->fulltime);
+                       gs_p->dots = recalc_dots(gs_p->fulltime,
+                                               gs_p->basictime);
+                       /* If the original group started a beam,
+                        * added groups must be inside */
+                       if (gs_p->beamloc == STARTITEM) {
+                               gs_p->beamloc = INITEM;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* We need to tie the note groups together. Rests are not yet in
+        * final form, so have to look for PP_REST. */
+       if (grpsyl_p->grpcont == GC_NOTES && (grpsyl_p->nnotes != 1
+                               || grpsyl_p->notelist[0].letter != PP_REST)) {
+               for (gs_p = grpsyl_p; gs_p->next != 0; gs_p = gs_p->next) {
+                       gs_p->tie = YES;
+                       for (n = 0; n < gs_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                               gs_p->notelist[n].tie = YES;
+                       }
+               }
+               /* tied-to notes accidentals must be implied, not explicit */
+               for (n = 0; n < grpsyl_p->nnotes; n++) {
+                       if (grpsyl_p->notelist[n].accidental != '\0') {
+                               struct GRPSYL *ngs_p;
+                               for (ngs_p = grpsyl_p->next; ngs_p != 0;
+                                                       ngs_p = ngs_p->next) {
+                                       ngs_p->notelist[n].accidental = '\0';
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return(gs_p);
+}
+\f
+
+/*
+ * Given a RATIONAL basictime and number of dots,
+ * return the corresponding fulltime. That is calculated by 
+ *     (2 * basictime) - (basictime x 1/2 to the (dots) power)
+ */
+
+RATIONAL
+calcfulltime(basictime, dots)
+
+RATIONAL basictime;
+int dots;
+
+{
+       return( rsub (rmul(Two, basictime), rmul(basictime, rrai(One_half, dots))) );
+}