chiark / gitweb /
udevd: avoid implicit memset in match_attr()
[elogind.git] / udev / udev-rules.c
index b456c3da33c5c5c914f9d6e22cb2d94c8b70d19e..44b26906b48465d8cfe3de3583d14933f8c59223 100644 (file)
 #define PREALLOC_TOKEN                 2048
 #define PREALLOC_STRBUF                        32 * 1024
 
-enum key_operation {
-       KEY_OP_UNSET,
-       KEY_OP_MATCH,
-       KEY_OP_NOMATCH,
-       KEY_OP_ADD,
-       KEY_OP_ASSIGN,
-       KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL,
+/* KEY=="", KEY!="", KEY+="", KEY="", KEY:="" */
+enum operation_type {
+       OP_UNSET,
+
+       OP_MATCH,
+       OP_NOMATCH,
+       OP_MATCH_MAX,
+
+       OP_ADD,
+       OP_ASSIGN,
+       OP_ASSIGN_FINAL,
 };
 
 static const char *operation_str[] = {
-       [KEY_OP_MATCH] =        "match",
-       [KEY_OP_NOMATCH] =      "nomatch",
-       [KEY_OP_ADD] =          "add",
-       [KEY_OP_ASSIGN] =       "assign",
-       [KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL] = "assign-final",
+       [OP_UNSET] =            "UNSET",
+       [OP_MATCH] =            "match",
+       [OP_NOMATCH] =          "nomatch",
+       [OP_MATCH_MAX] =        "MATCH_MAX",
+
+       [OP_ADD] =              "add",
+       [OP_ASSIGN] =           "assign",
+       [OP_ASSIGN_FINAL] =     "assign-final",
 };
 
+enum string_glob_type {
+       GL_UNSET,
+       GL_PLAIN,                       /* no special chars */
+       GL_GLOB,                        /* shell globs ?,*,[] */
+       GL_SPLIT,                       /* multi-value A|B */
+       GL_SPLIT_GLOB,                  /* multi-value with glob A*|B* */
+       GL_SOMETHING,                   /* commonly used "?*" */
+       GL_FORMAT,
+};
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+static const char *string_glob_str[] = {
+       [GL_UNSET] =            "UNSET",
+       [GL_PLAIN] =            "plain",
+       [GL_GLOB] =             "glob",
+       [GL_SPLIT] =            "split",
+       [GL_SPLIT_GLOB] =       "split-glob",
+       [GL_SOMETHING] =        "split-glob",
+       [GL_FORMAT] =           "format",
+};
+#endif
+
+/* tokens of a rule are sorted/handled in this order */
 enum token_type {
-       TK_UNDEF,
+       TK_UNSET,
        TK_RULE,
 
-       TK_M_WAITFOR,                   /* val */
        TK_M_ACTION,                    /* val */
        TK_M_DEVPATH,                   /* val */
        TK_M_KERNEL,                    /* val */
@@ -61,13 +90,14 @@ enum token_type {
        TK_M_ENV,                       /* val, attr */
        TK_M_SUBSYSTEM,                 /* val */
        TK_M_DRIVER,                    /* val */
+       TK_M_WAITFOR,                   /* val */
        TK_M_ATTR,                      /* val, attr */
 
        TK_M_KERNELS,                   /* val */
        TK_M_SUBSYSTEMS,                /* val */
        TK_M_DRIVERS,                   /* val */
        TK_M_ATTRS,                     /* val, attr */
-       TK_PARENTS_MAX,
+       TK_M_PARENTS_MAX,
 
        TK_M_TEST,                      /* val, mode_t */
        TK_M_PROGRAM,                   /* val */
@@ -75,6 +105,7 @@ enum token_type {
        TK_M_IMPORT_PROG,               /* val */
        TK_M_IMPORT_PARENT,             /* val */
        TK_M_RESULT,                    /* val */
+       TK_M_MAX,
 
        TK_A_IGNORE_DEVICE,
        TK_A_STRING_ESCAPE_NONE,
@@ -101,10 +132,9 @@ enum token_type {
 };
 
 static const char *token_str[] = {
-       [TK_UNDEF] =                    "UNDEF",
+       [TK_UNSET] =                    "UNSET",
        [TK_RULE] =                     "RULE",
 
-       [TK_M_WAITFOR] =                "M WAITFOR",
        [TK_M_ACTION] =                 "M ACTION",
        [TK_M_DEVPATH] =                "M DEVPATH",
        [TK_M_KERNEL] =                 "M KERNEL",
@@ -113,13 +143,14 @@ static const char *token_str[] = {
        [TK_M_ENV] =                    "M ENV",
        [TK_M_SUBSYSTEM] =              "M SUBSYSTEM",
        [TK_M_DRIVER] =                 "M DRIVER",
+       [TK_M_WAITFOR] =                "M WAITFOR",
        [TK_M_ATTR] =                   "M ATTR",
 
        [TK_M_KERNELS] =                "M KERNELS",
        [TK_M_SUBSYSTEMS] =             "M SUBSYSTEMS",
        [TK_M_DRIVERS] =                "M DRIVERS",
        [TK_M_ATTRS] =                  "M ATTRS",
-       [TK_PARENTS_MAX] =              "PARENTS_MAX",
+       [TK_M_PARENTS_MAX] =            "M PARENTS_MAX",
 
        [TK_M_TEST] =                   "M TEST",
        [TK_M_PROGRAM] =                "M PROGRAM",
@@ -127,6 +158,7 @@ static const char *token_str[] = {
        [TK_M_IMPORT_PROG] =            "M IMPORT_PROG",
        [TK_M_IMPORT_PARENT] =          "M MPORT_PARENT",
        [TK_M_RESULT] =                 "M RESULT",
+       [TK_M_MAX] =                    "M MAX",
 
        [TK_A_IGNORE_DEVICE] =          "A IGNORE_DEVICE",
        [TK_A_STRING_ESCAPE_NONE] =     "A STRING_ESCAPE_NONE",
@@ -161,7 +193,8 @@ struct token {
                        unsigned int filename_off;
                } rule;
                struct {
-                       enum key_operation op;
+                       unsigned short op;
+                       unsigned short glob;
                        unsigned int value_off;
                        union {
                                unsigned int attr_off;
@@ -187,32 +220,57 @@ struct rule_tmp {
        unsigned int token_cur;
 };
 
+struct uid_gid {
+       unsigned int name_off;
+       union {
+               uid_t   uid;
+               gid_t   gid;
+       };
+};
+
 struct udev_rules {
        struct udev *udev;
        int resolve_names;
+
+       /* every key in the rules file becomes a token */
        struct token *tokens;
        unsigned int token_cur;
        unsigned int token_max;
+
+       /* all key strings are copied to a single string buffer */
        char *buf;
        size_t buf_cur;
        size_t buf_max;
        unsigned int buf_count;
+
+       /* during rule parsing, we cache uid/gid lookup results */
+       struct uid_gid *uids;
+       unsigned int uids_cur;
+       unsigned int uids_max;
+       struct uid_gid *gids;
+       unsigned int gids_cur;
+       unsigned int gids_max;
 };
 
-/* we could lookup and return existing strings, or tails of strings */
+/* NOTE: we could lookup and return existing strings, or tails of strings */
 static int add_string(struct udev_rules *rules, const char *str)
 {
        size_t len = strlen(str)+1;
        int off;
 
+       /* offset 0 is always '\0' */
+       if (str[0] == '\0')
+               return 0;
+
+       /* grow buffer if needed */
        if (rules->buf_cur + len+1 >= rules->buf_max) {
                char *buf;
                unsigned int add;
 
                /* double the buffer size */
                add = rules->buf_max;
-               if (add < len)
-                       add = len;
+               if (add < len * 8)
+                       add = len * 8;
 
                buf = realloc(rules->buf, rules->buf_max + add);
                if (buf == NULL)
@@ -231,14 +289,15 @@ static int add_string(struct udev_rules *rules, const char *str)
 static int add_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
 {
 
+       /* grow buffer if needed */
        if (rules->token_cur+1 >= rules->token_max) {
                struct token *tokens;
                unsigned int add;
 
                /* double the buffer size */
                add = rules->token_max;
-               if (add < 1)
-                       add = 1;
+               if (add < 8)
+                       add = 8;
 
                tokens = realloc(rules->tokens, (rules->token_max + add ) * sizeof(struct token));
                if (tokens == NULL)
@@ -252,6 +311,92 @@ static int add_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static uid_t add_uid(struct udev_rules *rules, const char *owner)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+       uid_t uid;
+       unsigned int off;
+
+       /* lookup, if we know it already */
+       for (i = 0; i < rules->uids_cur; i++) {
+               off = rules->uids[i].name_off;
+               if (strcmp(&rules->buf[off], owner) == 0) {
+                       uid = rules->uids[i].uid;
+                       dbg(rules->udev, "return existing %u for '%s'\n", uid, owner);
+                       return uid;
+               }
+       }
+       uid = util_lookup_user(rules->udev, owner);
+
+       /* grow buffer if needed */
+       if (rules->uids_cur+1 >= rules->uids_max) {
+               struct uid_gid *uids;
+               unsigned int add;
+
+               /* double the buffer size */
+               add = rules->uids_max;
+               if (add < 1)
+                       add = 8;
+
+               uids = realloc(rules->uids, (rules->uids_max + add ) * sizeof(struct uid_gid));
+               if (uids == NULL)
+                       return uid;
+               info(rules->udev, "extend uids from %u to %u\n", rules->uids_max, rules->uids_max + add);
+               rules->uids = uids;
+               rules->uids_max += add;
+       }
+       rules->uids[rules->uids_cur].uid = uid;
+       off = add_string(rules, owner);
+       if (off <= 0)
+               return uid;
+       rules->uids[rules->uids_cur].name_off = off;
+       rules->uids_cur++;
+       return uid;
+}
+
+static gid_t add_gid(struct udev_rules *rules, const char *group)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+       gid_t gid;
+       unsigned int off;
+
+       /* lookup, if we know it already */
+       for (i = 0; i < rules->gids_cur; i++) {
+               off = rules->gids[i].name_off;
+               if (strcmp(&rules->buf[off], group) == 0) {
+                       gid = rules->gids[i].gid;
+                       dbg(rules->udev, "return existing %u for '%s'\n", gid, group);
+                       return gid;
+               }
+       }
+       gid = util_lookup_group(rules->udev, group);
+
+       /* grow buffer if needed */
+       if (rules->gids_cur+1 >= rules->gids_max) {
+               struct uid_gid *gids;
+               unsigned int add;
+
+               /* double the buffer size */
+               add = rules->gids_max;
+               if (add < 1)
+                       add = 8;
+
+               gids = realloc(rules->gids, (rules->gids_max + add ) * sizeof(struct uid_gid));
+               if (gids == NULL)
+                       return gid;
+               info(rules->udev, "extend gids from %u to %u\n", rules->gids_max, rules->gids_max + add);
+               rules->gids = gids;
+               rules->gids_max += add;
+       }
+       rules->gids[rules->gids_cur].gid = gid;
+       off = add_string(rules, group);
+       if (off <= 0)
+               return gid;
+       rules->gids[rules->gids_cur].name_off = off;
+       rules->gids_cur++;
+       return gid;
+}
+
 static int import_property_from_string(struct udev_device *dev, char *line)
 {
        struct udev *udev = udev_device_get_udev(dev);
@@ -474,7 +619,7 @@ static int attr_subst_subdir(char *attr, size_t len)
        return found;
 }
 
-static int get_key(struct udev *udev, char **line, char **key, enum key_operation *op, char **value)
+static int get_key(struct udev *udev, char **line, char **key, enum operation_type *op, char **value)
 {
        char *linepos;
        char *temp;
@@ -516,19 +661,19 @@ static int get_key(struct udev *udev, char **line, char **key, enum key_operatio
 
        /* get operation type */
        if (linepos[0] == '=' && linepos[1] == '=') {
-               *op = KEY_OP_MATCH;
+               *op = OP_MATCH;
                linepos += 2;
        } else if (linepos[0] == '!' && linepos[1] == '=') {
-               *op = KEY_OP_NOMATCH;
+               *op = OP_NOMATCH;
                linepos += 2;
        } else if (linepos[0] == '+' && linepos[1] == '=') {
-               *op = KEY_OP_ADD;
+               *op = OP_ADD;
                linepos += 2;
        } else if (linepos[0] == '=') {
-               *op = KEY_OP_ASSIGN;
+               *op = OP_ASSIGN;
                linepos++;
        } else if (linepos[0] == ':' && linepos[1] == '=') {
-               *op = KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL;
+               *op = OP_ASSIGN_FINAL;
                linepos += 2;
        } else
                return -1;
@@ -542,13 +687,14 @@ static int get_key(struct udev *udev, char **line, char **key, enum key_operatio
        if (linepos[0] == '\0')
                return -1;
 
-       /* get the value*/
+       /* get the value */
        if (linepos[0] == '"')
                linepos++;
        else
                return -1;
        *value = linepos;
 
+       /* terminate */
        temp = strchr(linepos, '"');
        if (!temp)
                return -1;
@@ -583,20 +729,22 @@ static char *get_key_attribute(struct udev *udev, char *str)
 }
 
 static int rule_add_token(struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp, enum token_type type,
-                         enum key_operation op,
+                         enum operation_type op,
                          const char *value, const void *data)
 {
        struct token *token = &rule_tmp->token[rule_tmp->token_cur];
        const char *attr = data;
-       mode_t mode = 0000;
+       enum string_glob_type glob;
+
+       memset(token, 0x00, sizeof(struct token));
 
        switch (type) {
-       case TK_M_WAITFOR:
        case TK_M_ACTION:
        case TK_M_DEVPATH:
        case TK_M_KERNEL:
        case TK_M_SUBSYSTEM:
        case TK_M_DRIVER:
+       case TK_M_WAITFOR:
        case TK_M_DEVLINK:
        case TK_M_NAME:
        case TK_M_KERNELS:
@@ -624,10 +772,9 @@ static int rule_add_token(struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp, enum token_type type,
                token->key.attr_off = add_string(rule_tmp->rules, attr);
                break;
        case TK_M_TEST:
-               if (data != NULL)
-                       mode = *(mode_t *)data;
                token->key.value_off = add_string(rule_tmp->rules, value);
-               token->key.mode = mode;
+               if (data != NULL)
+                       token->key.mode = *(mode_t *)data;
                break;
        case TK_A_IGNORE_DEVICE:
        case TK_A_STRING_ESCAPE_NONE:
@@ -658,14 +805,44 @@ static int rule_add_token(struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp, enum token_type type,
                token->key.event_timeout = *(int *)data;
                break;
        case TK_RULE:
-       case TK_PARENTS_MAX:
+       case TK_M_PARENTS_MAX:
+       case TK_M_MAX:
        case TK_END:
-       case TK_UNDEF:
+       case TK_UNSET:
                err(rule_tmp->rules->udev, "wrong type %u\n", type);
                return -1;
        }
+
+       glob = GL_PLAIN;
+       if (value != NULL) {
+               if (type < TK_M_MAX) {
+                       /* check if we need to split or call fnmatch() while matching rules */
+                       int has_split;
+                       int has_glob;
+
+                       has_split = (strchr(value, '|') != NULL);
+                       has_glob = (strchr(value, '*') != NULL || strchr(value, '?') != NULL ||
+                                   strchr(value, '[') != NULL || strchr(value, ']') != NULL);
+                       if (has_split && has_glob) {
+                               glob = GL_SPLIT_GLOB;
+                       } else if (has_split) {
+                               glob = GL_SPLIT;
+                       } else if (has_glob) {
+                               if (strcmp(value, "?*") == 0)
+                                       glob = GL_SOMETHING;
+                               else
+                                       glob = GL_GLOB;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* check if we need to substitute format strings for matching rules */
+                       if (strchr(value, '%') != NULL || strchr(value, '$') != NULL)
+                               glob = GL_FORMAT;
+               }
+       }
+
        token->type = type;
        token->key.op = op;
+       token->key.glob = glob;
        rule_tmp->token_cur++;
        if (rule_tmp->token_cur >= ARRAY_SIZE(rule_tmp->token)) {
                err(rule_tmp->rules->udev, "temporary rule array too small\n");
@@ -678,7 +855,8 @@ static int rule_add_token(struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp, enum token_type type,
 static void dump_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
 {
        enum token_type type = token->type;
-       enum key_operation op = token->key.op;
+       enum operation_type op = token->key.op;
+       enum string_glob_type glob = token->key.glob;
        const char *value = &rules->buf[token->key.value_off];
        const char *attr = &rules->buf[token->key.attr_off];
 
@@ -696,12 +874,12 @@ static void dump_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
                            &rules->buf[token->rule.label_off]);
                        break;
                }
-       case TK_M_WAITFOR:
        case TK_M_ACTION:
        case TK_M_DEVPATH:
        case TK_M_KERNEL:
        case TK_M_SUBSYSTEM:
        case TK_M_DRIVER:
+       case TK_M_WAITFOR:
        case TK_M_DEVLINK:
        case TK_M_NAME:
        case TK_M_KERNELS:
@@ -718,14 +896,16 @@ static void dump_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
        case TK_A_GROUP:
        case TK_A_MODE:
        case TK_A_RUN:
-               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s'\n", token_str[type], operation_str[op], value);
+               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s'(%s)\n",
+                   token_str[type], operation_str[op], value, string_glob_str[glob]);
                break;
        case TK_M_ATTR:
        case TK_M_ATTRS:
        case TK_M_ENV:
        case TK_A_ATTR:
        case TK_A_ENV:
-               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s' '%s'\n", token_str[type], operation_str[op], attr, value);
+               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s' '%s'(%s)\n",
+                   token_str[type], operation_str[op], attr, value, string_glob_str[glob]);
                break;
        case TK_A_IGNORE_DEVICE:
        case TK_A_STRING_ESCAPE_NONE:
@@ -735,7 +915,8 @@ static void dump_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
                dbg(rules->udev, "%s\n", token_str[type]);
                break;
        case TK_M_TEST:
-               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s' %#o\n", token_str[type], operation_str[op], value, token->key.mode);
+               dbg(rules->udev, "%s %s '%s'(%s) %#o\n",
+                   token_str[type], operation_str[op], value, string_glob_str[glob], token->key.mode);
                break;
        case TK_A_NUM_FAKE_PART:
                dbg(rules->udev, "%s %u\n", token_str[type], token->key.num_fake_part);
@@ -761,8 +942,9 @@ static void dump_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token)
        case TK_END:
                dbg(rules->udev, "* %s\n", token_str[type]);
                break;
-       case TK_PARENTS_MAX:
-       case TK_UNDEF:
+       case TK_M_PARENTS_MAX:
+       case TK_M_MAX:
+       case TK_UNSET:
                dbg(rules->udev, "unknown type %u\n", type);
                break;
        }
@@ -792,15 +974,15 @@ static int sort_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp)
        unsigned int end = rule_tmp->token_cur;
 
        for (i = 0; i < rule_tmp->token_cur; i++) {
-               enum token_type next_val = TK_UNDEF;
+               enum token_type next_val = TK_UNSET;
                unsigned int next_idx;
                unsigned int j;
 
                /* find smallest value */
                for (j = start; j < end; j++) {
-                       if (rule_tmp->token[j].type == TK_UNDEF)
+                       if (rule_tmp->token[j].type == TK_UNSET)
                                continue;
-                       if (next_val == TK_UNDEF || rule_tmp->token[j].type < next_val) {
+                       if (next_val == TK_UNSET || rule_tmp->token[j].type < next_val) {
                                next_val = rule_tmp->token[j].type;
                                next_idx = j;
                        }
@@ -809,7 +991,7 @@ static int sort_token(struct udev_rules *rules, struct rule_tmp *rule_tmp)
                /* add token and mark done */
                if (add_token(rules, &rule_tmp->token[next_idx]) != 0)
                        return -1;
-               rule_tmp->token[next_idx].type = TK_UNDEF;
+               rule_tmp->token[next_idx].type = TK_UNSET;
 
                /* shrink range */
                if (next_idx == start)
@@ -838,13 +1020,13 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
        while (1) {
                char *key;
                char *value;
-               enum key_operation op = KEY_OP_UNSET;
+               enum operation_type op;
 
                if (get_key(rules->udev, &linepos, &key, &op, &value) != 0)
                        break;
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "ACTION") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid ACTION operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -854,7 +1036,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "DEVPATH") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid DEVPATH operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -864,7 +1046,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "KERNEL") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid KERNEL operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -874,7 +1056,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "SUBSYSTEM") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid SUBSYSTEM operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -893,7 +1075,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "DRIVER") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid DRIVER operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -908,7 +1090,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                                err(rules->udev, "error parsing ATTR attribute\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
-                       if (op == KEY_OP_MATCH || op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op < OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_M_ATTR, op, value, attr);
                        } else {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_ATTR, op, value, attr);
@@ -919,7 +1101,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "KERNELS") == 0 ||
                    strcasecmp(key, "ID") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid KERNELS operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -930,7 +1112,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "SUBSYSTEMS") == 0 ||
                    strcasecmp(key, "BUS") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid SUBSYSTEMS operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -940,7 +1122,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "DRIVERS") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid DRIVERS operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -951,7 +1133,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
 
                if (strncasecmp(key, "ATTRS{", sizeof("ATTRS{")-1) == 0 ||
                    strncasecmp(key, "SYSFS{", sizeof("SYSFS{")-1) == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid ATTRS operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -979,7 +1161,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                        }
                        if (strncmp(attr, "PHYSDEV", 7) == 0)
                                physdev = 1;
-                       if (op == KEY_OP_MATCH || op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op < OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                if (rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_M_ENV, op, value, attr) != 0)
                                        goto invalid;
                        } else {
@@ -997,7 +1179,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "RESULT") == 0) {
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid RESULT operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -1057,7 +1239,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                if (strncasecmp(key, "TEST", sizeof("TEST")-1) == 0) {
                        mode_t mode = 0;
 
-                       if (op != KEY_OP_MATCH && op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op > OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                err(rules->udev, "invalid TEST operation\n");
                                goto invalid;
                        }
@@ -1102,7 +1284,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strncasecmp(key, "NAME", sizeof("NAME")-1) == 0) {
-                       if (op == KEY_OP_MATCH || op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH) {
+                       if (op < OP_MATCH_MAX) {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_M_NAME, op, value, NULL);
                        } else {
                                if (value[0] == '\0')
@@ -1126,13 +1308,13 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "SYMLINK") == 0) {
-                       if (op == KEY_OP_MATCH || op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
-                                       rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_M_DEVLINK, op, value, NULL);
-                               else
-                                       rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_DEVLINK, op, value, NULL);
-                               valid = 1;
-                               continue;
-                       }
+                       if (op < OP_MATCH_MAX)
+                               rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_M_DEVLINK, op, value, NULL);
+                       else
+                               rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_DEVLINK, op, value, NULL);
+                       valid = 1;
+                       continue;
+               }
 
                if (strcasecmp(key, "OWNER") == 0) {
                        uid_t uid;
@@ -1142,7 +1324,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                        if (endptr[0] == '\0') {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_OWNER_ID, op, NULL, &uid);
                        } else if (rules->resolve_names && strchr("$%", value[0]) == NULL) {
-                               uid = util_lookup_user(rules->udev, value);
+                               uid = add_uid(rules, value);
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_OWNER_ID, op, NULL, &uid);
                        } else {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_OWNER, op, value, NULL);
@@ -1159,7 +1341,7 @@ static int add_rule(struct udev_rules *rules, char *line,
                        if (endptr[0] == '\0') {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_GROUP_ID, op, NULL, &gid);
                        } else if (rules->resolve_names && strchr("$%", value[0]) == NULL) {
-                               gid = util_lookup_group(rules->udev, value);
+                               gid = add_gid(rules, value);
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_GROUP_ID, op, NULL, &gid);
                        } else {
                                rule_add_token(&rule_tmp, TK_A_GROUP, op, value, NULL);
@@ -1388,15 +1570,18 @@ struct udev_rules *udev_rules_new(struct udev *udev, int resolve_names)
 
        /* init token array and string buffer */
        rules->tokens = malloc(PREALLOC_TOKEN * sizeof(struct token));
-       if (rules->tokens != NULL)
-               rules->token_max = PREALLOC_TOKEN;
+       if (rules->tokens == NULL)
+               return NULL;
+       rules->token_max = PREALLOC_TOKEN;
        rules->buf = malloc(PREALLOC_STRBUF);
-       if (rules->buf != NULL)
-               rules->buf_max = PREALLOC_STRBUF;
+       if (rules->buf == NULL)
+               return NULL;
+       rules->buf_max = PREALLOC_STRBUF;
+       /* offset 0 is always '\0' */
+       rules->buf[0] = '\0';
+       rules->buf_cur = 1;
        info(udev, "prealloc %zu bytes tokens (%u * %zu bytes), %zu bytes buffer\n",
             rules->token_max * sizeof(struct token), rules->token_max, sizeof(struct token), rules->buf_max);
-       /* offset 0 in the string buffer is always empty */
-       add_string(rules, "");
 
        if (udev_get_rules_path(udev) != NULL) {
                /* custom rules location for testing */
@@ -1467,7 +1652,16 @@ struct udev_rules *udev_rules_new(struct udev *udev, int resolve_names)
        end_token.type = TK_END;
        add_token(rules, &end_token);
 
-       /* shrink allocate buffers */
+       /* link all TK_RULE tokens to be able to fast-forward to next TK_RULE */
+       prev_rule = 0;
+       for (i = 1; i < rules->token_cur; i++) {
+               if (rules->tokens[i].type == TK_RULE) {
+                       rules->tokens[prev_rule].rule.next_rule = i;
+                       prev_rule = i;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* shrink allocated token and string buffer */
        if (rules->token_cur < rules->token_max) {
                struct token *tokens;
 
@@ -1489,14 +1683,16 @@ struct udev_rules *udev_rules_new(struct udev *udev, int resolve_names)
        info(udev, "shrunk to %lu bytes tokens (%u * %zu bytes), %zu bytes buffer\n",
             rules->token_max * sizeof(struct token), rules->token_max, sizeof(struct token), rules->buf_max);
 
-       /* link all TK_RULE tokens to be able to fast-forward to next TK_RULE */
-       prev_rule = 0;
-       for (i = 1; i < rules->token_cur; i++) {
-               if (rules->tokens[i].type == TK_RULE) {
-                       rules->tokens[prev_rule].rule.next_rule = i;
-                       prev_rule = i;
-               }
-       }
+       /* cleanup uid/gid cache */
+       free(rules->uids);
+       rules->uids = NULL;
+       rules->uids_cur = 0;
+       rules->uids_max = 0;
+       free(rules->gids);
+       rules->gids = NULL;
+       rules->gids_cur = 0;
+       rules->gids_max = 0;
+
        dump_rules(rules);
        return rules;
 }
@@ -1507,12 +1703,13 @@ void udev_rules_unref(struct udev_rules *rules)
                return;
        free(rules->tokens);
        free(rules->buf);
+       free(rules->uids);
+       free(rules->gids);
        free(rules);
 }
 
 static int match_key(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token, const char *val)
 {
-       const char *key_name = token_str[token->type];
        char *key_value = &rules->buf[token->key.value_off];
        char *pos;
        int match = 0;
@@ -1520,37 +1717,75 @@ static int match_key(struct udev_rules *rules, struct token *token, const char *
        if (val == NULL)
                val = "";
 
-       /* look for a matching string, parts are separated by '|' */
-       if (strchr(key_value, '|') != NULL) {
-               char value[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
+       switch (token->key.glob) {
+       case GL_PLAIN:
+               match = (strcmp(key_value, val) == 0);
+               break;
+       case GL_GLOB:
+               match = (fnmatch(key_value, val, 0) == 0);
+               break;
+       case GL_SPLIT:
+               {
+                       const char *split;
+                       size_t len;
 
-               util_strlcpy(value, &rules->buf[token->key.value_off], sizeof(value));
-               key_value = value;
-               while (key_value != NULL) {
-                       pos = strchr(key_value, '|');
-                       if (pos != NULL) {
-                               pos[0] = '\0';
-                               pos = &pos[1];
+                       split = &rules->buf[token->key.value_off];
+                       len = strlen(val);
+                       while (1) {
+                               const char *next;
+
+                               next = strchr(split, '|');
+                               if (next != NULL) {
+                                       size_t matchlen = (size_t)(next - split);
+
+                                       match = (matchlen == len && strncmp(split, val, matchlen) == 0);
+                                       if (match)
+                                               break;
+                               } else {
+                                       match = (strcmp(split, val) == 0);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               split = &next[1];
                        }
-                       dbg(rules->udev, "match %s '%s' <-> '%s'\n", key_name, key_value, val);
-                       match = (fnmatch(key_value, val, 0) == 0);
-                       if (match)
-                               break;
-                       key_value = pos;
+                       break;
                }
-       } else {
-               match = (fnmatch(key_value, val, 0) == 0);
+       case GL_SPLIT_GLOB:
+               {
+                       char value[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
+
+                       util_strlcpy(value, &rules->buf[token->key.value_off], sizeof(value));
+                       key_value = value;
+                       while (key_value != NULL) {
+                               pos = strchr(key_value, '|');
+                               if (pos != NULL) {
+                                       pos[0] = '\0';
+                                       pos = &pos[1];
+                               }
+                               dbg(rules->udev, "match %s '%s' <-> '%s'\n", token_str[token->type], key_value, val);
+                               match = (fnmatch(key_value, val, 0) == 0);
+                               if (match)
+                                       break;
+                               key_value = pos;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+       case GL_SOMETHING:
+               match = (val[0] != '\0');
+               break;
+       case GL_FORMAT:
+       case GL_UNSET:
+               return -1;
        }
 
-       if (match && (token->key.op == KEY_OP_MATCH)) {
-               dbg(rules->udev, "%s is true (matching value)\n", key_name);
+       if (match && (token->key.op == OP_MATCH)) {
+               dbg(rules->udev, "%s is true (matching value)\n", token_str[token->type]);
                return 0;
        }
-       if (!match && (token->key.op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH)) {
-               dbg(rules->udev, "%s is true (non-matching value)\n", key_name);
+       if (!match && (token->key.op == OP_NOMATCH)) {
+               dbg(rules->udev, "%s is true (non-matching value)\n", token_str[token->type]);
                return 0;
        }
-       dbg(rules->udev, "%s is not true\n", key_name);
+       dbg(rules->udev, "%s is not true\n", token_str[token->type]);
        return -1;
 }
 
@@ -1559,10 +1794,11 @@ static int match_attr(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_device *dev, struct
        char attr[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
        const char *key_name = &rules->buf[cur->key.attr_off];
        const char *key_value = &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off];
-       char value[UTIL_NAME_SIZE] = "";
+       char value[UTIL_NAME_SIZE];
        size_t len;
 
        util_strlcpy(attr, key_name, sizeof(attr));
+       util_strlcpy(value, "", sizeof(value));
        util_resolve_subsys_kernel(event->udev, attr, value, sizeof(value), 1);
        if (value[0] == '\0') {
                const char *val;
@@ -1593,16 +1829,17 @@ enum escape_type {
 
 int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event)
 {
-       struct token *rule;
        struct token *cur;
+       struct token *rule;
+       enum escape_type esc = ESCAPE_UNSET;
 
        if (rules->tokens == NULL)
                return -1;
 
        /* loop through token list, match, run actions or forward to next rule */
        cur = &rules->tokens[0];
+       rule = cur;
        while (cur != NULL && cur->type != TK_END) {
-               enum escape_type esc = ESCAPE_UNSET;
                unsigned int idx;
 
                dump_token(rules, cur);
@@ -1612,18 +1849,6 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                        rule = cur;
                        esc = ESCAPE_UNSET;
                        break;
-               case TK_M_WAITFOR:
-                       {
-                               char filename[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
-                               int found;
-
-                               util_strlcpy(filename, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(filename));
-                               udev_event_apply_format(event, filename, sizeof(filename));
-                               found = (wait_for_file(event->dev, filename, 10) == 0);
-                               if (!found && (cur->key.op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH))
-                                       goto nomatch;
-                               break;
-                       }
                case TK_M_ACTION:
                        if (match_key(rules, cur, udev_device_get_action(event->dev)) != 0)
                                goto nomatch;
@@ -1684,6 +1909,18 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                        if (match_key(rules, cur, udev_device_get_driver(event->dev)) != 0)
                                goto nomatch;
                        break;
+               case TK_M_WAITFOR:
+                       {
+                               char filename[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
+                               int found;
+
+                               util_strlcpy(filename, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(filename));
+                               udev_event_apply_format(event, filename, sizeof(filename));
+                               found = (wait_for_file(event->dev, filename, 10) == 0);
+                               if (!found && (cur->key.op != OP_NOMATCH))
+                                       goto nomatch;
+                               break;
+                       }
                case TK_M_ATTR:
                        if (match_attr(rules, event->dev, event, cur) != 0)
                                goto nomatch;
@@ -1697,7 +1934,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
 
                                /* get whole sequence of parent matches */
                                next = cur;
-                               while (next->type < TK_PARENTS_MAX)
+                               while (next->type < TK_M_PARENTS_MAX)
                                        next++;
 
                                /* loop over parents */
@@ -1771,9 +2008,9 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                        info(event->udev, "'%s' has mode=%#o and %s %#o\n", filename, statbuf.st_mode,
                                             match ? "matches" : "does not match", cur->key.mode);
                                }
-                               if (match && cur->key.op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                               if (match && cur->key.op == OP_NOMATCH)
                                        goto nomatch;
-                               if (!match && cur->key.op == KEY_OP_MATCH)
+                               if (!match && cur->key.op == OP_MATCH)
                                        goto nomatch;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1783,12 +2020,13 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                char **envp;
                                char result[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
 
+                               free(event->program_result);
+                               event->program_result = NULL;
                                util_strlcpy(program, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(program));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, program, sizeof(program));
                                envp = udev_device_get_properties_envp(event->dev);
                                if (util_run_program(event->udev, program, envp, result, sizeof(result), NULL) != 0) {
-                                       event->program_result[0] = '\0';
-                                       if (cur->key.op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                                       if (cur->key.op != OP_NOMATCH)
                                                goto nomatch;
                                } else {
                                        int count;
@@ -1799,8 +2037,9 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                                if (count > 0)
                                                        info(event->udev, "%i character(s) replaced\n" , count);
                                        }
-                                       util_strlcpy(event->program_result, result, sizeof(event->program_result));
-                                       if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                                       event->program_result = strdup(result);
+                                       dbg(event->udev, "storing result '%s'\n", event->program_result);
+                                       if (cur->key.op == OP_NOMATCH)
                                                goto nomatch;
                                }
                                break;
@@ -1812,7 +2051,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                util_strlcpy(import, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(import));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, import, sizeof(import));
                                if (import_file_into_properties(event->dev, import) != 0)
-                                       if (cur->key.op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                                       if (cur->key.op != OP_NOMATCH)
                                                goto nomatch;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1823,7 +2062,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                util_strlcpy(import, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(import));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, import, sizeof(import));
                                if (import_program_into_properties(event->dev, import) != 0)
-                                       if (cur->key.op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                                       if (cur->key.op != OP_NOMATCH)
                                                goto nomatch;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1834,7 +2073,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                                util_strlcpy(import, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(import));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, import, sizeof(import));
                                if (import_parent_into_properties(event->dev, import) != 0)
-                                       if (cur->key.op != KEY_OP_NOMATCH)
+                                       if (cur->key.op != OP_NOMATCH)
                                                goto nomatch;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1869,7 +2108,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
 
                                if (event->owner_final)
                                        break;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        event->owner_final = 1;
                                util_strlcpy(owner,  &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(owner));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, owner, sizeof(owner));
@@ -1882,9 +2121,9 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
 
                                if (event->group_final)
                                        break;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        event->group_final = 1;
-                               util_strlcpy(group,  &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(group));
+                               util_strlcpy(group, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(group));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, group, sizeof(group));
                                event->gid = util_lookup_group(event->udev, group);
                                break;
@@ -1896,9 +2135,9 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
 
                                if (event->mode_final)
                                        break;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        event->mode_final = 1;
-                               util_strlcpy(mode,  &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(mode));
+                               util_strlcpy(mode, &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], sizeof(mode));
                                udev_event_apply_format(event, mode, sizeof(mode));
                                event->mode = strtol(mode, &endptr, 8);
                                if (endptr[0] != '\0') {
@@ -1910,21 +2149,21 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                case TK_A_OWNER_ID:
                        if (event->owner_final)
                                break;
-                       if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                       if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                event->owner_final = 1;
                        event->uid = cur->key.uid;
                        break;
                case TK_A_GROUP_ID:
                        if (event->group_final)
                                break;
-                       if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                       if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                event->group_final = 1;
                        event->gid = cur->key.gid;
                        break;
                case TK_A_MODE_ID:
                        if (event->mode_final)
                                break;
-                       if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                       if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                event->mode_final = 1;
                        event->mode = cur->key.mode;
                        break;
@@ -1950,24 +2189,26 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                case TK_A_NAME:
                        {
                                const char *name  = &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off];
+                               char name_str[UTIL_PATH_SIZE];
                                int count;
 
                                if (event->name_final)
                                        break;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        event->name_final = 1;
                                if (name[0] == '\0') {
-                                       event->name[0] = '\0';
-                                       event->name_ignore = 1;
+                                       free(event->name);
+                                       event->name = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }
-                               event->name_ignore = 0;
-                               util_strlcpy(event->name, name, sizeof(event->name));
-                               udev_event_apply_format(event, event->name, sizeof(event->name));
+                               util_strlcpy(name_str, name, sizeof(name_str));
+                               udev_event_apply_format(event, name_str, sizeof(name_str));
                                if (esc == ESCAPE_UNSET || esc == ESCAPE_REPLACE) {
-                                       count = util_replace_chars(event->name, ALLOWED_CHARS_FILE);
+                                       count = util_replace_chars(name_str, ALLOWED_CHARS_FILE);
                                        if (count > 0)
                                                info(event->udev, "%i character(s) replaced\n", count);
+                                       free(event->name);
+                                       event->name = strdup(name_str);
                                }
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1980,9 +2221,11 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
 
                                if (event->devlink_final)
                                        break;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (major(udev_device_get_devnum(event->dev)) == 0)
+                                       break;
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        event->devlink_final = 1;
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN || cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN || cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        udev_device_cleanup_devlinks_list(event->dev);
 
                                /* allow  multiple symlinks separated by spaces */
@@ -2060,7 +2303,7 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                        {
                                struct udev_list_entry *list_entry;
 
-                               if (cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN || cur->key.op == KEY_OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
+                               if (cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN || cur->key.op == OP_ASSIGN_FINAL)
                                        udev_list_cleanup_entries(event->udev, &event->run_list);
                                list_entry = udev_list_entry_add(event->udev, &event->run_list,
                                                                 &rules->buf[cur->key.value_off], NULL, 1, 0);
@@ -2074,9 +2317,10 @@ int udev_rules_apply_to_event(struct udev_rules *rules, struct udev_event *event
                case TK_A_LAST_RULE:
                        break;
 
-               case TK_PARENTS_MAX:
+               case TK_M_PARENTS_MAX:
+               case TK_M_MAX:
                case TK_END:
-               case TK_UNDEF:
+               case TK_UNSET:
                        err(rules->udev, "wrong type %u\n", cur->type);
                        goto nomatch;
                }