chiark / gitweb /
nspawn: mount most of the cgroup tree read-only in nspawn containers except for the...
[elogind.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
index 0466ddbff3ebae0f1b0569da607f8adbf93d27e9..1ac0a7008c68c89fe6e9aa399d691101e40f4b58 100644 (file)
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
-#include <sys/capability.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
 #include "base-filesystem.h"
 #include "barrier.h"
 #include "event-util.h"
+#include "capability.h"
 #include "cap-list.h"
+#include "btrfs-util.h"
+#include "machine-image.h"
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SECCOMP
 #include "seccomp-util.h"
@@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ typedef enum Volatile {
 } Volatile;
 
 static char *arg_directory = NULL;
+static char *arg_template = NULL;
 static char *arg_user = NULL;
 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
 static char *arg_machine = NULL;
@@ -124,6 +127,7 @@ static const char *arg_slice = NULL;
 static bool arg_private_network = false;
 static bool arg_read_only = false;
 static bool arg_boot = false;
+static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
 static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
 static uint64_t arg_retain =
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
 static bool arg_network_veth = false;
 static const char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
 static unsigned long arg_personality = 0xffffffffLU;
-static const char *arg_image = NULL;
+static char *arg_image = NULL;
 static Volatile arg_volatile = VOLATILE_NO;
 
 static void help(void) {
@@ -176,7 +180,11 @@ static void help(void) {
                "     --version              Print version string\n"
                "  -q --quiet                Do not show status information\n"
                "  -D --directory=PATH       Root directory for the container\n"
-               "  -i --image=PATH           File system device or image for the container\n"
+               "     --template=PATH        Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
+               "                            if missing\n"
+               "  -x --ephemeral            Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
+               "                            remove it after exit\n"
+               "  -i --image=PATH           File system device or disk image for the container\n"
                "  -b --boot                 Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
                "  -u --user=USER            Run the command under specified user or uid\n"
                "  -M --machine=NAME         Set the machine name for the container\n"
@@ -221,6 +229,27 @@ static void help(void) {
                program_invocation_short_name);
 }
 
+static int set_sanitized_path(char **b, const char *path) {
+        char *p;
+
+        assert(b);
+        assert(path);
+
+        p = canonicalize_file_name(path);
+        if (!p) {
+                if (errno != ENOENT)
+                        return -errno;
+
+                p = path_make_absolute_cwd(path);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
+
+        free(*b);
+        *b = path_kill_slashes(p);
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         enum {
@@ -244,12 +273,15 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
                 ARG_PERSONALITY,
                 ARG_VOLATILE,
+                ARG_TEMPLATE,
         };
 
         static const struct option options[] = {
                 { "help",                  no_argument,       NULL, 'h'                   },
                 { "version",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION           },
                 { "directory",             required_argument, NULL, 'D'                   },
+                { "template",              required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE          },
+                { "ephemeral",             no_argument,       NULL, 'x'                   },
                 { "user",                  required_argument, NULL, 'u'                   },
                 { "private-network",       no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK   },
                 { "boot",                  no_argument,       NULL, 'b'                   },
@@ -286,7 +318,7 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         assert(argc >= 0);
         assert(argv);
 
-        while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:bL:M:jS:Z:qi:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
+        while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:bL:M:jS:Z:qi:x", options, NULL)) >= 0)
 
                 switch (c) {
 
@@ -300,17 +332,28 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         return 0;
 
                 case 'D':
-                        free(arg_directory);
-                        arg_directory = canonicalize_file_name(optarg);
-                        if (!arg_directory) {
-                                log_error_errno(errno, "Invalid root directory: %m");
-                                return -ENOMEM;
-                        }
+                        r = set_sanitized_path(&arg_directory, optarg);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid root directory: %m");
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_TEMPLATE:
+                        r = set_sanitized_path(&arg_template, optarg);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid template directory: %m");
 
                         break;
 
                 case 'i':
-                        arg_image = optarg;
+                        r = set_sanitized_path(&arg_image, optarg);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid image path: %m");
+
+                        break;
+
+                case 'x':
+                        arg_ephemeral = true;
                         break;
 
                 case 'u':
@@ -369,15 +412,13 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                                 free(arg_machine);
                                 arg_machine = NULL;
                         } else {
-
-                                if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg)) {
+                                if (!machine_name_is_valid(optarg)) {
                                         log_error("Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
                                         return -EINVAL;
                                 }
 
-                                free(arg_machine);
-                                arg_machine = strdup(optarg);
-                                if (!arg_machine)
+                                r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
+                                if (r < 0)
                                         return log_oom();
 
                                 break;
@@ -437,15 +478,19 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         break;
 
                 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
-                        if (streq(optarg, "auto"))
+                        if (streq(optarg, "auto")) {
                                 arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
-                        else if (streq(optarg, "no"))
+                                arg_link_journal_try = false;
+                        } else if (streq(optarg, "no")) {
                                 arg_link_journal = LINK_NO;
-                        else if (streq(optarg, "guest"))
+                                arg_link_journal_try = false;
+                        } else if (streq(optarg, "guest")) {
                                 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
-                        else if (streq(optarg, "host"))
+                                arg_link_journal_try = false;
+                        } else if (streq(optarg, "host")) {
                                 arg_link_journal = LINK_HOST;
-                        else if (streq(optarg, "try-guest")) {
+                                arg_link_journal_try = false;
+                        } else if (streq(optarg, "try-guest")) {
                                 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
                                 arg_link_journal_try = true;
                         } else if (streq(optarg, "try-host")) {
@@ -623,6 +668,31 @@ static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         }
 
+        if (arg_template && arg_image) {
+                log_error("--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine)) {
+                log_error("--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template) {
+                log_error("--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (arg_ephemeral && arg_image) {
+                log_error("--ephemeral and --image= may not be combined.");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
+        if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO)) {
+                log_error("--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
+                return -EINVAL;
+        }
+
         if (arg_volatile != VOLATILE_NO && arg_read_only) {
                 log_error("Cannot combine --read-only with --volatile. Note that --volatile already implies a read-only base hierarchy.");
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -799,6 +869,112 @@ static int mount_binds(const char *dest, char **l, bool ro) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int mount_cgroup_hierarchy(const char *dest, const char *controller, const char *hierarchy, bool read_only) {
+        char *to;
+        int r;
+
+        to = strappenda(dest, "/sys/fs/cgroup/", hierarchy);
+
+        r = path_is_mount_point(to, false);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine if %s is mounted already: %m", to);
+        if (r > 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        mkdir_p(to, 0755);
+
+        if (mount("cgroup", to, "cgroup", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|(read_only ? MS_RDONLY : 0), controller) < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mount to %s: %m", to);
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static int mount_cgroup(const char *dest) {
+        _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *controllers = NULL;
+        _cleanup_free_ char *own_cgroup_path = NULL;
+        const char *cgroup_root, *systemd_root, *systemd_own;
+        int r;
+
+        controllers = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
+        if (!controllers)
+                return log_oom();
+
+        r = cg_kernel_controllers(controllers);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine cgroup controllers: %m");
+
+        r = cg_pid_get_path(NULL, 0, &own_cgroup_path);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine our own cgroup path: %m");
+
+        cgroup_root = strappenda(dest, "/sys/fs/cgroup");
+        if (mount("tmpfs", cgroup_root, "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_STRICTATIME, "mode=755") < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mount tmpfs to /sys/fs/cgroup: %m");
+
+        for (;;) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *controller = NULL, *origin = NULL, *combined = NULL;
+
+                controller = set_steal_first(controllers);
+                if (!controller)
+                        break;
+
+                origin = strappend("/sys/fs/cgroup/", controller);
+                if (!origin)
+                        return log_oom();
+
+                r = readlink_malloc(origin, &combined);
+                if (r == -EINVAL) {
+                        /* Not a symbolic link, but directly a single cgroup hierarchy */
+
+                        r = mount_cgroup_hierarchy(dest, controller, controller, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                } else if (r < 0)
+                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read link %s: %m", origin);
+                else {
+                        _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
+
+                        target = strjoin(dest, "/sys/fs/cgroup/", controller, NULL);
+                        if (!target)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        /* A symbolic link, a combination of controllers in one hierarchy */
+
+                        if (!filename_is_valid(combined)) {
+                                log_warning("Ignoring invalid combined hierarchy %s.", combined);
+                                continue;
+                        }
+
+                        r = mount_cgroup_hierarchy(dest, combined, combined, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        if (symlink(combined, target) < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create symlink for combined hiearchy: %m");
+                }
+        }
+
+        r = mount_cgroup_hierarchy(dest, "name=systemd", "systemd", false);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        /* Make our own cgroup a (writable) bind mount */
+        systemd_own = strappenda(dest, "/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd", own_cgroup_path);
+        if (mount(systemd_own, systemd_own,  NULL, MS_BIND, NULL) < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to turn %s into a bind mount: %m", own_cgroup_path);
+
+        /* And then remount the systemd cgroup root read-only */
+        systemd_root = strappenda(dest, "/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd");
+        if (mount(NULL, systemd_root, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_RDONLY, NULL) < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mount cgroup root read-only: %m");
+
+        if (mount(NULL, cgroup_root, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_STRICTATIME|MS_RDONLY, "mode=755") < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remount %s read-only: %m", cgroup_root);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static int mount_tmpfs(const char *dest) {
         char **i, **o;
 
@@ -1253,6 +1429,10 @@ static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
         char *id;
         int r;
 
+        /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
+        if (arg_ephemeral)
+                return 0;
+
         p = strappend(directory, "/etc/machine-id");
         if (!p)
                 return log_oom();
@@ -1281,8 +1461,7 @@ static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
                          "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", id);
                 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO)
                         return 0;
-                return
-                        -EEXIST;
+                return -EEXIST;
         }
 
         if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
@@ -2010,6 +2189,27 @@ finish:
 
 }
 
+static int setup_propagate(const char *root) {
+        const char *p, *q;
+
+        (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
+        (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
+        p = strappenda("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
+        (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
+
+        q = strappenda(root, "/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming");
+        mkdir_parents(q, 0755);
+        mkdir_p(q, 0600);
+
+        if (mount(p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL) < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install propagation bind mount.");
+
+        if (mount(NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL) < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to make propagation mount read-only");
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static int setup_image(char **device_path, int *loop_nr) {
         struct loop_info64 info = {
                 .lo_flags = LO_FLAGS_AUTOCLEAR|LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN
@@ -2021,6 +2221,7 @@ static int setup_image(char **device_path, int *loop_nr) {
 
         assert(device_path);
         assert(loop_nr);
+        assert(arg_image);
 
         fd = open(arg_image, O_CLOEXEC|(arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)|O_NONBLOCK|O_NOCTTY);
         if (fd < 0)
@@ -2119,6 +2320,7 @@ static int dissect_image(
         assert(home_device);
         assert(srv_device);
         assert(secondary);
+        assert(arg_image);
 
         b = blkid_new_probe();
         if (!b)
@@ -2786,78 +2988,115 @@ static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo
         return 0;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-
-        _cleanup_free_ char *device_path = NULL, *root_device = NULL, *home_device = NULL, *srv_device = NULL;
-        bool root_device_rw = true, home_device_rw = true, srv_device_rw = true;
-        _cleanup_close_ int master = -1, image_fd = -1;
-        _cleanup_close_pair_ int kmsg_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 };
-        _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
-        int r = EXIT_FAILURE, k, n_fd_passed, loop_nr = -1;
-        const char *console = NULL;
-        char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ];
-        bool secondary = false;
-        sigset_t mask, mask_chld;
-        pid_t pid = 0;
+static int determine_names(void) {
+        int r;
 
-        log_parse_environment();
-        log_open();
+        if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
+                if (arg_machine) {
+                        _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
 
-        k = parse_argv(argc, argv);
-        if (k < 0)
-                goto finish;
-        else if (k == 0) {
-                r = EXIT_SUCCESS;
-                goto finish;
-        }
+                        r = image_find(arg_machine, &i);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
+                        else if (r == 0) {
+                                log_error("No image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
+                                return -ENOENT;
+                        }
 
-        if (!arg_image) {
-                if (arg_directory) {
-                        char *p;
+                        if (i->type == IMAGE_GPT)
+                                r = set_sanitized_path(&arg_image, i->path);
+                        else
+                                r = set_sanitized_path(&arg_directory, i->path);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid image directory: %m");
 
-                        p = path_make_absolute_cwd(arg_directory);
-                        free(arg_directory);
-                        arg_directory = p;
+                        arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
                 } else
                         arg_directory = get_current_dir_name();
 
-                if (!arg_directory) {
-                        log_error("Failed to determine path, please use -D.");
-                        goto finish;
+                if (!arg_directory && !arg_machine) {
+                        log_error("Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
+                        return -EINVAL;
                 }
-                path_kill_slashes(arg_directory);
         }
 
         if (!arg_machine) {
-                arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_image ? arg_image : arg_directory));
-                if (!arg_machine) {
-                        log_oom();
-                        goto finish;
-                }
+                if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
+                        arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
+                else
+                        arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_image ?: arg_directory));
+
+                if (!arg_machine)
+                        return log_oom();
 
                 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine, false);
-                if (isempty(arg_machine)) {
+                if (!machine_name_is_valid(arg_machine)) {
                         log_error("Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
-                        goto finish;
+                        return -EINVAL;
+                }
+
+                if (arg_ephemeral) {
+                        char *b;
+
+                        /* Add a random suffix when this is an
+                         * ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
+                         * instances at once without manually having
+                         * to specify -M each time. */
+
+                        if (asprintf(&b, "%s-%016" PRIx64, arg_machine, random_u64()) < 0)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        free(arg_machine);
+                        arg_machine = b;
                 }
         }
 
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+        _cleanup_free_ char *device_path = NULL, *root_device = NULL, *home_device = NULL, *srv_device = NULL, *console = NULL;
+        bool root_device_rw = true, home_device_rw = true, srv_device_rw = true;
+        _cleanup_close_ int master = -1, image_fd = -1;
+        _cleanup_close_pair_ int kmsg_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 };
+        _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
+        int r, n_fd_passed, loop_nr = -1;
+        char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ];
+        bool secondary = false, remove_subvol = false;
+        sigset_t mask, mask_chld;
+        pid_t pid = 0;
+        int ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+        log_parse_environment();
+        log_open();
+
+        r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
+        if (r <= 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        r = determine_names();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
         if (geteuid() != 0) {
                 log_error("Need to be root.");
+                r = -EPERM;
                 goto finish;
         }
 
         if (sd_booted() <= 0) {
                 log_error("Not running on a systemd system.");
+                r = -EINVAL;
                 goto finish;
         }
 
         log_close();
         n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
         if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
-                k = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
-                if (k < 0) {
-                        log_error_errno(k, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
+                r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
                         goto finish;
                 }
         }
@@ -2865,14 +3104,67 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         log_open();
 
         if (arg_directory) {
-                if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/")) {
-                        log_error("Spawning container on root directory not supported.");
+                assert(!arg_image);
+
+                if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !arg_ephemeral) {
+                        log_error("Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral.");
+                        r = -EINVAL;
                         goto finish;
                 }
 
+                if (arg_template) {
+                        r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_template, arg_directory, arg_read_only, true);
+                        if (r == -EEXIST) {
+                                if (!arg_quiet)
+                                        log_info("Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
+                        } else if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshort %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
+                                goto finish;
+                        } else {
+                                if (!arg_quiet)
+                                        log_info("Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
+                        }
+
+                } else if (arg_ephemeral) {
+                        char *np;
+
+                        /* If the specified path is a mount point we
+                         * generate the new snapshot immediately
+                         * inside it under a random name. However if
+                         * the specified is not a mount point we
+                         * create the new snapshot in the parent
+                         * directory, just next to it. */
+                        r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, false);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
+                                goto finish;
+                        }
+                        if (r > 0)
+                                r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, &np);
+                        else
+                                r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, &np);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for snapshot: %m");
+                                goto finish;
+                        }
+
+                        r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_directory, np, arg_read_only, true);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                free(np);
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
+                                goto finish;
+                        }
+
+                        free(arg_directory);
+                        arg_directory = np;
+
+                        remove_subvol = true;
+                }
+
                 if (arg_boot) {
                         if (path_is_os_tree(arg_directory) <= 0) {
                                 log_error("Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
+                                r = -EINVAL;
                                 goto finish;
                         }
                 } else {
@@ -2882,13 +3174,17 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                                        argc > optind && path_is_absolute(argv[optind]) ? argv[optind] : "/usr/bin/");
                         if (access(p, F_OK) < 0) {
                                 log_error("Directory %s lacks the binary to execute or doesn't look like a binary tree. Refusing.", arg_directory);
+                                r = -EINVAL;
                                 goto finish;
-
                         }
                 }
+
         } else {
                 char template[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
 
+                assert(arg_image);
+                assert(!arg_template);
+
                 if (!mkdtemp(template)) {
                         log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
                         r = -errno;
@@ -2918,34 +3214,30 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         master = posix_openpt(O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NDELAY);
         if (master < 0) {
-                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire pseudo tty: %m");
+                r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire pseudo tty: %m");
                 goto finish;
         }
 
-        console = ptsname(master);
-        if (!console) {
-                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine tty name: %m");
+        r = ptsname_malloc(master, &console);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine tty name: %m");
                 goto finish;
         }
 
         if (!arg_quiet)
                 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress ^] three times within 1s to kill container.",
-                         arg_machine, arg_image ? arg_image : arg_directory);
+                         arg_machine, arg_image ?: arg_directory);
 
         if (unlockpt(master) < 0) {
-                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unlock tty: %m");
+                r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unlock tty: %m");
                 goto finish;
         }
 
         if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, kmsg_socket_pair) < 0) {
-                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create kmsg socket pair: %m");
+                r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create kmsg socket pair: %m");
                 goto finish;
         }
 
-        sd_notify(false,
-                  "READY=1\n"
-                  "STATUS=Container running.");
-
         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
         sigset_add_many(&mask, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, -1);
         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
@@ -2972,26 +3264,25 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                  * give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
                 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
+                        r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
                         goto finish;
                 }
 
                 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
+                        r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
                         goto finish;
                 }
 
-                pid = syscall(__NR_clone, SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
-                                          (arg_share_system ? 0 : CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS)|
-                                          (arg_private_network ? CLONE_NEWNET : 0), NULL);
+                pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
+                                (arg_share_system ? 0 : CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS)|
+                                (arg_private_network ? CLONE_NEWNET : 0), NULL);
                 if (pid < 0) {
                         if (errno == EINVAL)
-                                log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed, do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in): %m");
+                                r = log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed, do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in): %m");
                         else
-                                log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed: %m");
+                                r = log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed: %m");
 
-                        r = pid;
                         goto finish;
                 }
 
@@ -3030,14 +3321,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         reset_all_signal_handlers();
                         reset_signal_mask();
 
-                        k = open_terminal(console, O_RDWR);
-                        if (k != STDIN_FILENO) {
-                                if (k >= 0) {
-                                        safe_close(k);
-                                        k = -EINVAL;
+                        r = open_terminal(console, O_RDWR);
+                        if (r != STDIN_FILENO) {
+                                if (r >= 0) {
+                                        safe_close(r);
+                                        r = -EINVAL;
                                 }
 
-                                log_error_errno(k, "Failed to open console: %m");
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open console: %m");
                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                         }
 
@@ -3092,9 +3383,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 
                         if (arg_read_only) {
-                                k = bind_remount_recursive(arg_directory, true);
-                                if (k < 0) {
-                                        log_error_errno(k, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
+                                r = bind_remount_recursive(arg_directory, true);
+                                if (r < 0) {
+                                        log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                 }
                         }
@@ -3110,6 +3401,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
                         dev_setup(arg_directory);
 
+                        if (setup_propagate(arg_directory) < 0)
+                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
                         if (setup_seccomp() < 0)
                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 
@@ -3121,6 +3415,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
                         kmsg_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair[1]);
 
+                        /* Tell the parent that we are ready, and that
+                         * it can cgroupify us to that we lack access
+                         * to certain devices and resources. */
+                        (void) barrier_place(&barrier);
+
                         if (setup_boot_id(arg_directory) < 0)
                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 
@@ -3142,10 +3441,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         if (mount_tmpfs(arg_directory) < 0)
                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 
-                        /* Tell the parent that we are ready, and that
-                         * it can cgroupify us to that we lack access
-                         * to certain devices and resources. */
-                        (void)barrier_place(&barrier);
+                        /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
+                         * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
+                        (void) barrier_sync_next(&barrier);
+
+                        if (mount_cgroup(arg_directory) < 0)
+                                _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 
                         if (chdir(arg_directory) < 0) {
                                 log_error_errno(errno, "chdir(%s) failed: %m", arg_directory);
@@ -3198,9 +3499,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         }
 
                         if (fdset_size(fds) > 0) {
-                                k = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
-                                if (k < 0) {
-                                        log_error("Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
+                                r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
+                                if (r < 0) {
+                                        log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                 }
 
@@ -3284,10 +3585,13 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                 fdset_free(fds);
                 fds = NULL;
 
-                /* wait for child-setup to be done */
-                if (barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) {
+                /* Wait for the most basic Child-setup to be done,
+                 * before we add hardware to it, and place it in a
+                 * cgroup. */
+                if (barrier_sync_next(&barrier)) {
                         _cleanup_event_unref_ sd_event *event = NULL;
                         _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
+                        char last_char = 0;
                         int ifi = 0;
 
                         r = move_network_interfaces(pid);
@@ -3324,7 +3628,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
                          * its setup, and that the child can now hand over
                          * control to the code to run inside the container. */
-                        (void)barrier_place(&barrier);
+                        (void) barrier_place(&barrier);
+
+                        /* And wait that the child is completely ready now. */
+                        (void) barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier);
+
+                        sd_notify(false,
+                                  "READY=1\n"
+                                  "STATUS=Container running.");
 
                         r = sd_event_new(&event);
                         if (r < 0) {
@@ -3345,19 +3656,23 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         /* simply exit on sigchld */
                         sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, NULL, NULL);
 
-                        r = pty_forward_new(event, master, &forward);
+                        r = pty_forward_new(event, master, true, &forward);
                         if (r < 0) {
                                 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
                                 goto finish;
                         }
 
                         r = sd_event_loop(event);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
+                                goto finish;
+                        }
+
+                        pty_forward_last_char(forward, &last_char);
 
                         forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
 
-                        if (!arg_quiet)
+                        if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
                                 putc('\n', stdout);
 
                         /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
@@ -3370,16 +3685,17 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                 r = wait_for_container(pid, &container_status);
                 pid = 0;
 
-                if (r < 0) {
+                if (r < 0)
                         /* We failed to wait for the container, or the
                          * container exited abnormally */
-                        r = EXIT_FAILURE;
-                        break;
-                } else if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED)
+                        goto finish;
+                else if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED){
                         /* The container exited with a non-zero
                          * status, or with zero status and no reboot
                          * was requested. */
+                        ret = r;
                         break;
+                }
 
                 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
 
@@ -3394,7 +3710,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                          * restart. This is necessary since we might
                          * have cgroup parameters set we want to have
                          * flushed out. */
-                        r = 133;
+                        ret = 133;
+                        r = 0;
                         break;
                 }
         }
@@ -3409,7 +3726,24 @@ finish:
         if (pid > 0)
                 kill(pid, SIGKILL);
 
+        if (remove_subvol && arg_directory) {
+                int k;
+
+                k = btrfs_subvol_remove(arg_directory);
+                if (k < 0)
+                        log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove subvolume '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
+        }
+
+        if (arg_machine) {
+                const char *p;
+
+                p = strappenda("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", arg_machine);
+                (void) rm_rf(p, false, true, false);
+        }
+
         free(arg_directory);
+        free(arg_template);
+        free(arg_image);
         free(arg_machine);
         free(arg_user);
         strv_free(arg_setenv);
@@ -3419,5 +3753,5 @@ finish:
         strv_free(arg_bind_ro);
         strv_free(arg_tmpfs);
 
-        return r;
+        return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : ret;
 }