chiark / gitweb /
networkd: link - save link flags when the link is added
[elogind.git] / src / network / networkd-link.c
index 36057458ab7a3b5207aab31bb4a98aadaa91c522..1b7b1898c4e13bd4907ea2a5e353a3e94435a59e 100644 (file)
 
 #include "dhcp-lease-internal.h"
 
+#define FLAG_STRING(string, flag, old, new) \
+        (((old ^ new) & flag) \
+                ? ((old & flag) ? (" -" string) : (" +" string)) \
+                : "")
+
+static int link_update_flags(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
+        unsigned flags, unknown_flags_added, unknown_flags_removed, unknown_flags;
+        uint8_t operstate;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(link);
+
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_link_get_flags(m, &flags);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_warning_link(link, "Could not get link flags");
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_read_u8(m, IFLA_OPERSTATE, &operstate);
+        if (r < 0)
+                /* if we got a message without operstate, take it to mean
+                   the state was unchanged */
+                operstate = link->kernel_operstate;
+
+        if ((link->flags == flags) && (link->kernel_operstate == operstate))
+                return 0;
+
+        if (link->flags != flags) {
+                log_debug_link(link, "flags change:%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s",
+                               FLAG_STRING("LOOPBACK", IFF_LOOPBACK, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("MASTER", IFF_MASTER, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("SLAVE", IFF_SLAVE, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("UP", IFF_UP, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("DORMANT", IFF_DORMANT, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("LOWER_UP", IFF_LOWER_UP, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("RUNNING", IFF_RUNNING, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("MULTICAST", IFF_MULTICAST, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("BROADCAST", IFF_BROADCAST, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("POINTOPOINT", IFF_POINTOPOINT, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("PROMISC", IFF_PROMISC, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("ALLMULTI", IFF_ALLMULTI, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("PORTSEL", IFF_PORTSEL, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("AUTOMEDIA", IFF_AUTOMEDIA, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("DYNAMIC", IFF_DYNAMIC, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("NOARP", IFF_NOARP, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("NOTRAILERS", IFF_NOTRAILERS, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("DEBUG", IFF_DEBUG, link->flags, flags),
+                               FLAG_STRING("ECHO", IFF_ECHO, link->flags, flags));
+
+                unknown_flags = ~(IFF_LOOPBACK | IFF_MASTER | IFF_SLAVE | IFF_UP |
+                                  IFF_DORMANT | IFF_LOWER_UP | IFF_RUNNING |
+                                  IFF_MULTICAST | IFF_BROADCAST | IFF_POINTOPOINT |
+                                  IFF_PROMISC | IFF_ALLMULTI | IFF_PORTSEL |
+                                  IFF_AUTOMEDIA | IFF_DYNAMIC | IFF_NOARP |
+                                  IFF_NOTRAILERS | IFF_DEBUG | IFF_ECHO);
+                unknown_flags_added = ((link->flags ^ flags) & flags & unknown_flags);
+                unknown_flags_removed = ((link->flags ^ flags) & link->flags & unknown_flags);
+
+                /* link flags are currently at most 18 bits, let's align to
+                 * printing 20 */
+                if (unknown_flags_added)
+                        log_debug_link(link,
+                                       "unknown link flags gained: %#.5x (ignoring)",
+                                       unknown_flags_added);
+
+                if (unknown_flags_removed)
+                        log_debug_link(link,
+                                       "unknown link flags lost: %#.5x (ignoring)",
+                                       unknown_flags_removed);
+        }
+
+        link->flags = flags;
+        link->kernel_operstate = operstate;
+
+        link_save(link);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static int link_new(Manager *manager, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = NULL;
         uint16_t type;
@@ -67,7 +146,7 @@ static int link_new(Manager *manager, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
 
         link->n_ref = 1;
         link->manager = manager;
-        link->state = LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING;
+        link->state = LINK_STATE_PENDING;
         link->ifindex = ifindex;
         link->ifname = strdup(ifname);
         if (!link->ifname)
@@ -77,11 +156,13 @@ static int link_new(Manager *manager, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
         if (r < 0)
                 log_debug_link(link, "MAC address not found for new device, continuing without");
 
-        r = asprintf(&link->state_file, "/run/systemd/netif/links/%d", link->ifindex);
+        r = asprintf(&link->state_file, "/run/systemd/netif/links/%d",
+                     link->ifindex);
         if (r < 0)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        r = asprintf(&link->lease_file, "/run/systemd/netif/leases/%d", link->ifindex);
+        r = asprintf(&link->lease_file, "/run/systemd/netif/leases/%d",
+                     link->ifindex);
         if (r < 0)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -93,6 +174,10 @@ static int link_new(Manager *manager, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
+        r = link_update_flags(link, message);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         *ret = link;
         link = NULL;
 
@@ -204,7 +289,8 @@ static int link_stop_clients(Link *link) {
         if (link->dhcp_client) {
                 k = sd_dhcp_client_stop(link->dhcp_client);
                 if (k < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv4 client: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv4 client: %s",
+                                         strerror(-r));
                         r = k;
                 }
         }
@@ -212,7 +298,8 @@ static int link_stop_clients(Link *link) {
         if (link->ipv4ll) {
                 k = sd_ipv4ll_stop(link->ipv4ll);
                 if (k < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop IPv4 link-local: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop IPv4 link-local: %s",
+                                         strerror(-r));
                         r = k;
                 }
         }
@@ -220,7 +307,8 @@ static int link_stop_clients(Link *link) {
         if (link->dhcp_server) {
                 k = sd_dhcp_server_stop(link->dhcp_server);
                 if (k < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv4 server: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv4 server: %s",
+                                         strerror(-r));
                         r = k;
                 }
         }
@@ -230,14 +318,17 @@ static int link_stop_clients(Link *link) {
                 if (link->dhcp6_client) {
                         k = sd_dhcp6_client_stop(link->dhcp6_client);
                         if (k < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv6 client: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop DHCPv6 client: %s",
+                                                 strerror(-r));
                                 r = k;
                         }
                 }
 
                 k = sd_icmp6_nd_stop(link->icmp6_router_discovery);
                 if (k < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not stop ICMPv6 router discovery: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "Could not stop ICMPv6 router discovery: %s",
+                                         strerror(-r));
                         r = k;
                 }
         }
@@ -260,17 +351,6 @@ void link_enter_failed(Link *link) {
         link_save(link);
 }
 
-void link_client_handler(Link *link) {
-        assert(link);
-
-        if (link->ipv4ll_address && link->ipv4ll_route)
-                log_debug_link(link, "IPv4LL configured");
-        else
-                log_debug_link(link, "IPv4LL not configured");
-
-        return;
-}
-
 static Address* link_find_dhcp_server_address(Link *link) {
         Address *address;
 
@@ -314,14 +394,17 @@ static int link_enter_configured(Link *link) {
 
                 address = link_find_dhcp_server_address(link);
                 if (!address) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "Failed to find suitable address for DHCPv4 server instance.");
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "Failed to find suitable address for DHCPv4 server instance.");
                         link_enter_failed(link);
                         return 0;
                 }
 
                 log_debug_link(link, "offering DHCPv4 leases");
 
-                r = sd_dhcp_server_set_address(link->dhcp_server, &address->in_addr.in, address->prefixlen);
+                r = sd_dhcp_server_set_address(link->dhcp_server,
+                                               &address->in_addr.in,
+                                               address->prefixlen);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
 
@@ -364,16 +447,38 @@ static int link_enter_configured(Link *link) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+void link_client_handler(Link *link) {
+        assert(link);
+        assert(link->network);
+
+        if (!link->static_configured)
+                return;
+
+        if (link->network->ipv4ll)
+                if (!link->ipv4ll_address ||
+                    !link->ipv4ll_route)
+                        return;
+
+        if (IN_SET(link->network->dhcp, DHCP_SUPPORT_BOTH, DHCP_SUPPORT_V4))
+                if (!link->dhcp4_configured)
+                        return;
+
+        if (link->state != LINK_STATE_CONFIGURED)
+                link_enter_configured(link);
+
+        return;
+}
+
 static int route_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = userdata;
         int r;
 
-        assert(link->route_messages > 0);
+        assert(link->link_messages > 0);
         assert(IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_SETTING_ADDRESSES,
                       LINK_STATE_SETTING_ROUTES, LINK_STATE_FAILED,
                       LINK_STATE_LINGER));
 
-        link->route_messages --;
+        link->link_messages --;
 
         if (IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_FAILED, LINK_STATE_LINGER))
                 return 1;
@@ -387,58 +492,15 @@ static int route_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
                                 "ERRNO=%d", -r,
                                 NULL);
 
-        /* we might have received an old reply after moving back to SETTING_ADDRESSES,
-         * ignore it */
-        if (link->route_messages == 0 && link->state == LINK_STATE_SETTING_ROUTES) {
+        if (link->link_messages == 0) {
                 log_debug_link(link, "routes set");
-                link_enter_configured(link);
+                link->static_configured = true;
+                link_client_handler(link);
         }
 
         return 1;
 }
 
-static int link_set_dhcp_routes(Link *link) {
-        struct sd_dhcp_route *static_routes;
-        int r, n, i;
-
-        assert(link);
-
-        n = sd_dhcp_lease_get_routes(link->dhcp_lease, &static_routes);
-        if (n < 0) {
-                if (n != -ENOENT)
-                        log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: could not get routes: %s", strerror(-n));
-                return n;
-        }
-
-        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-                _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route = NULL;
-
-                r = route_new_dynamic(&route, RTPROT_DHCP);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error_link(link, "Could not allocate route: %s",
-                                       strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                route->family = AF_INET;
-                route->in_addr.in = static_routes[i].gw_addr;
-                route->dst_addr.in = static_routes[i].dst_addr;
-                route->dst_prefixlen = static_routes[i].dst_prefixlen;
-                route->metrics = DHCP_ROUTE_METRIC;
-
-                r = route_configure(route, link, &route_handler);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link,
-                                         "could not set host route: %s", strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                link->route_messages ++;
-        }
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
 static int link_enter_set_routes(Link *link) {
         Route *rt;
         int r;
@@ -453,80 +515,18 @@ static int link_enter_set_routes(Link *link) {
                 r = route_configure(rt, link, &route_handler);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_warning_link(link,
-                                         "could not set routes: %s", strerror(-r));
-                        link_enter_failed(link);
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                link->route_messages ++;
-        }
-
-        if (link->dhcp_lease) {
-                _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route = NULL;
-                _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route_gw = NULL;
-                struct in_addr gateway;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_router(link->dhcp_lease, &gateway);
-                if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: could not get gateway: %s",
+                                         "could not set routes: %s",
                                          strerror(-r));
+                        link_enter_failed(link);
                         return r;
                 }
 
-                if (r >= 0) {
-                        r = route_new_dynamic(&route, RTPROT_DHCP);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_error_link(link, "Could not allocate route: %s",
-                                               strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        r = route_new_dynamic(&route_gw, RTPROT_DHCP);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_error_link(link, "Could not allocate route: %s",
-                                               strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        /* The dhcp netmask may mask out the gateway. Add an explicit
-                         * route for the gw host so that we can route no matter the
-                         * netmask or existing kernel route tables. */
-                        route_gw->family = AF_INET;
-                        route_gw->dst_addr.in = gateway;
-                        route_gw->dst_prefixlen = 32;
-                        route_gw->scope = RT_SCOPE_LINK;
-                        route_gw->metrics = DHCP_ROUTE_METRIC;
-
-                        r = route_configure(route_gw, link, &route_handler);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link,
-                                                 "could not set host route: %s", strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        link->route_messages ++;
-
-                        route->family = AF_INET;
-                        route->in_addr.in = gateway;
-                        route->metrics = DHCP_ROUTE_METRIC;
-
-                        r = route_configure(route, link, &route_handler);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link,
-                                                 "could not set routes: %s", strerror(-r));
-                                link_enter_failed(link);
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        link->route_messages ++;
-                }
-
-                if (link->network->dhcp_routes)
-                        link_set_dhcp_routes(link);
+                link->link_messages ++;
         }
 
-        if (link->route_messages == 0) {
-                link_enter_configured(link);
+        if (link->link_messages == 0) {
+                link->static_configured = true;
+                link_client_handler(link);
         } else
                 log_debug_link(link, "setting routes");
 
@@ -568,13 +568,15 @@ int link_get_address_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata)
         for (; m; m = sd_rtnl_message_next(m)) {
                 r = sd_rtnl_message_get_errno(m);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_debug_link(link, "getting address failed: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_debug_link(link, "getting address failed: %s",
+                                       strerror(-r));
                         continue;
                 }
 
                 r = link_rtnl_process_address(rtnl, m, link->manager);
                 if (r < 0)
-                        log_warning_link(link, "could not process address: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        log_warning_link(link, "could not process address: %s",
+                                         strerror(-r));
         }
 
         return 1;
@@ -588,11 +590,11 @@ static int address_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
         assert(m);
         assert(link);
         assert(link->ifname);
-        assert(link->addr_messages > 0);
+        assert(link->link_messages > 0);
         assert(IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_SETTING_ADDRESSES,
                LINK_STATE_FAILED, LINK_STATE_LINGER));
 
-        link->addr_messages --;
+        link->link_messages --;
 
         if (IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_FAILED, LINK_STATE_LINGER))
                 return 1;
@@ -611,7 +613,7 @@ static int address_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
                 link_get_address_handler(rtnl, m, link);
         }
 
-        if (link->addr_messages == 0) {
+        if (link->link_messages == 0) {
                 log_debug_link(link, "addresses set");
                 link_enter_set_routes(link);
         }
@@ -622,7 +624,6 @@ static int address_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
 static int link_enter_set_addresses(Link *link) {
         Address *ad;
         int r;
-        uint32_t lifetime = CACHE_INFO_INFINITY_LIFE_TIME;
 
         assert(link);
         assert(link->network);
@@ -634,74 +635,16 @@ static int link_enter_set_addresses(Link *link) {
                 r = address_configure(ad, link, &address_handler);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_warning_link(link,
-                                         "could not set addresses: %s", strerror(-r));
-                        link_enter_failed(link);
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                link->addr_messages ++;
-        }
-
-        if (link->dhcp_lease) {
-                _cleanup_address_free_ Address *address = NULL;
-                struct in_addr addr;
-                struct in_addr netmask;
-                unsigned prefixlen;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_address(link->dhcp_lease, &addr);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no address: %s",
-                                         strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                if (!link->network->dhcp_critical) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_lifetime(link->dhcp_lease,
-                                                       &lifetime);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no lifetime: %s",
-                                                 strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-                }
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_netmask(link->dhcp_lease, &netmask);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no netmask: %s",
+                                         "could not set addresses: %s",
                                          strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                prefixlen = in_addr_netmask_to_prefixlen(&netmask);
-
-                r = address_new_dynamic(&address);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error_link(link, "Could not allocate address: %s",
-                                       strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                address->family = AF_INET;
-                address->in_addr.in = addr;
-                address->cinfo.ifa_prefered = lifetime;
-                address->cinfo.ifa_valid = lifetime;
-                address->prefixlen = prefixlen;
-                address->broadcast.s_addr = addr.s_addr | ~netmask.s_addr;
-
-                /* use update rather than configure so that we will update the lifetime
-                   of an existing address if it has already been configured */
-                r = address_update(address, link, &address_handler);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link,
-                                         "could not set addresses: %s", strerror(-r));
                         link_enter_failed(link);
                         return r;
                 }
 
-                link->addr_messages ++;
+                link->link_messages ++;
         }
 
-        if (link->addr_messages == 0) {
+        if (link->link_messages == 0) {
                 link_enter_set_routes(link);
         } else
                 log_debug_link(link, "setting addresses");
@@ -732,7 +675,8 @@ int link_address_drop_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata)
         return 1;
 }
 
-static int set_hostname_handler(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
+static int set_hostname_handler(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata,
+                                sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = userdata;
         int r;
 
@@ -745,12 +689,13 @@ static int set_hostname_handler(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata,
         if (r < 0)
                 r = -r;
         if (r > 0)
-                log_warning_link(link, "Could not set hostname: %s", strerror(r));
+                log_warning_link(link, "Could not set hostname: %s",
+                                 strerror(r));
 
         return 1;
 }
 
-static int link_set_hostname(Link *link, const char *hostname) {
+int link_set_hostname(Link *link, const char *hostname) {
         _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
         int r = 0;
 
@@ -760,8 +705,10 @@ static int link_set_hostname(Link *link, const char *hostname) {
 
         log_debug_link(link, "Setting transient hostname: '%s'", hostname);
 
-        if (!link->manager->bus) { /* TODO: replace by assert when we can rely on kdbus */
-                log_info_link(link, "Not connected to system bus, ignoring transient hostname.");
+        if (!link->manager->bus) {
+                /* TODO: replace by assert when we can rely on kdbus */
+                log_info_link(link,
+                              "Not connected to system bus, ignoring transient hostname.");
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -779,9 +726,11 @@ static int link_set_hostname(Link *link, const char *hostname) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = sd_bus_call_async(link->manager->bus, NULL, m, set_hostname_handler, link, 0);
+        r = sd_bus_call_async(link->manager->bus, NULL, m, set_hostname_handler,
+                              link, 0);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_error_link(link, "Could not set transient hostname: %s", strerror(-r));
+                log_error_link(link, "Could not set transient hostname: %s",
+                               strerror(-r));
                 return r;
         }
 
@@ -812,7 +761,7 @@ static int set_mtu_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
         return 1;
 }
 
-static int link_set_mtu(Link *link, uint32_t mtu) {
+int link_set_mtu(Link *link, uint32_t mtu) {
         _cleanup_rtnl_message_unref_ sd_rtnl_message *req = NULL;
         int r;
 
@@ -835,10 +784,12 @@ static int link_set_mtu(Link *link, uint32_t mtu) {
                 return r;
         }
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req, set_mtu_handler, link, 0, NULL);
+        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req, set_mtu_handler, link,
+                               0, NULL);
         if (r < 0) {
                 log_error_link(link,
-                               "Could not send rtnetlink message: %s", strerror(-r));
+                               "Could not send rtnetlink message: %s",
+                               strerror(-r));
                 return r;
         }
 
@@ -847,290 +798,6 @@ static int link_set_mtu(Link *link, uint32_t mtu) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-static int dhcp_lease_lost(Link *link) {
-        _cleanup_address_free_ Address *address = NULL;
-        struct in_addr addr;
-        struct in_addr netmask;
-        struct in_addr gateway;
-        unsigned prefixlen;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(link);
-        assert(link->dhcp_lease);
-
-        log_warning_link(link, "DHCP lease lost");
-
-        if (link->network->dhcp_routes) {
-                struct sd_dhcp_route *routes;
-                int n, i;
-
-                n = sd_dhcp_lease_get_routes(link->dhcp_lease, &routes);
-                if (n >= 0) {
-                        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-                                _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route = NULL;
-
-                                r = route_new_dynamic(&route, RTPROT_UNSPEC);
-                                if (r >= 0) {
-                                        route->family = AF_INET;
-                                        route->in_addr.in = routes[i].gw_addr;
-                                        route->dst_addr.in = routes[i].dst_addr;
-                                        route->dst_prefixlen = routes[i].dst_prefixlen;
-
-                                        route_drop(route, link, &link_route_drop_handler);
-                                }
-                        }
-                }
-        }
-
-        r = address_new_dynamic(&address);
-        if (r >= 0) {
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_router(link->dhcp_lease, &gateway);
-                if (r >= 0) {
-                        _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route_gw = NULL;
-                        _cleanup_route_free_ Route *route = NULL;
-
-                        r = route_new_dynamic(&route_gw, RTPROT_UNSPEC);
-                        if (r >= 0) {
-                                route_gw->family = AF_INET;
-                                route_gw->dst_addr.in = gateway;
-                                route_gw->dst_prefixlen = 32;
-                                route_gw->scope = RT_SCOPE_LINK;
-
-                                route_drop(route_gw, link, &link_route_drop_handler);
-                        }
-
-                        r = route_new_dynamic(&route, RTPROT_UNSPEC);
-                        if (r >= 0) {
-                                route->family = AF_INET;
-                                route->in_addr.in = gateway;
-
-                                route_drop(route, link, &link_route_drop_handler);
-                        }
-                }
-
-                sd_dhcp_lease_get_address(link->dhcp_lease, &addr);
-                sd_dhcp_lease_get_netmask(link->dhcp_lease, &netmask);
-                prefixlen = in_addr_netmask_to_prefixlen(&netmask);
-
-                address->family = AF_INET;
-                address->in_addr.in = addr;
-                address->prefixlen = prefixlen;
-
-                address_drop(address, link, &link_address_drop_handler);
-        }
-
-        if (link->network->dhcp_mtu) {
-                uint16_t mtu;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_mtu(link->dhcp_lease, &mtu);
-                if (r >= 0 && link->original_mtu != mtu) {
-                        r = link_set_mtu(link, link->original_mtu);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: could not reset MTU");
-                                link_enter_failed(link);
-                                return r;
-                        }
-                }
-        }
-
-        if (link->network->dhcp_hostname) {
-                const char *hostname = NULL;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_hostname(link->dhcp_lease, &hostname);
-                if (r >= 0 && hostname) {
-                        r = link_set_hostname(link, "");
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                log_error_link(link, "Failed to reset transient hostname");
-                }
-        }
-
-        link->dhcp_lease = sd_dhcp_lease_unref(link->dhcp_lease);
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-static int dhcp_lease_renew(sd_dhcp_client *client, Link *link) {
-        sd_dhcp_lease *lease;
-        int r;
-
-        r = sd_dhcp_client_get_lease(client, &lease);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no lease %s",
-                                 strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        sd_dhcp_lease_unref(link->dhcp_lease);
-        link->dhcp_lease = lease;
-
-        link_enter_set_addresses(link);
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-static int dhcp_lease_acquired(sd_dhcp_client *client, Link *link) {
-        sd_dhcp_lease *lease;
-        struct in_addr address;
-        struct in_addr netmask;
-        struct in_addr gateway;
-        unsigned prefixlen;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(client);
-        assert(link);
-
-        r = sd_dhcp_client_get_lease(client, &lease);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no lease: %s",
-                                 strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_address(lease, &address);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no address: %s",
-                                 strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_netmask(lease, &netmask);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: no netmask: %s",
-                                 strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        prefixlen = in_addr_netmask_to_prefixlen(&netmask);
-
-        r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_router(lease, &gateway);
-        if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: could not get gateway: %s",
-                                 strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        if (r >= 0)
-                log_struct_link(LOG_INFO, link,
-                                "MESSAGE=%-*s: DHCPv4 address %u.%u.%u.%u/%u via %u.%u.%u.%u",
-                                 IFNAMSIZ,
-                                 link->ifname,
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(address),
-                                 prefixlen,
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(gateway),
-                                 "ADDRESS=%u.%u.%u.%u",
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(address),
-                                 "PREFIXLEN=%u",
-                                 prefixlen,
-                                 "GATEWAY=%u.%u.%u.%u",
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(gateway),
-                                 NULL);
-        else
-                log_struct_link(LOG_INFO, link,
-                                "MESSAGE=%-*s: DHCPv4 address %u.%u.%u.%u/%u",
-                                 IFNAMSIZ,
-                                 link->ifname,
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(address),
-                                 prefixlen,
-                                 "ADDRESS=%u.%u.%u.%u",
-                                 ADDRESS_FMT_VAL(address),
-                                 "PREFIXLEN=%u",
-                                 prefixlen,
-                                 NULL);
-
-        link->dhcp_lease = lease;
-
-        if (link->network->dhcp_mtu) {
-                uint16_t mtu;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_mtu(lease, &mtu);
-                if (r >= 0) {
-                        r = link_set_mtu(link, mtu);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                log_error_link(link, "Failed to set MTU "
-                                               "to %" PRIu16, mtu);
-                }
-        }
-
-        if (link->network->dhcp_hostname) {
-                const char *hostname;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_hostname(lease, &hostname);
-                if (r >= 0) {
-                        r = link_set_hostname(link, hostname);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                log_error_link(link, "Failed to set transient hostname "
-                                          "to '%s'", hostname);
-                }
-        }
-
-        link_enter_set_addresses(link);
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-static void dhcp_handler(sd_dhcp_client *client, int event, void *userdata) {
-        Link *link = userdata;
-        int r = 0;
-
-        assert(link);
-        assert(link->network);
-        assert(link->manager);
-
-        if (IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_FAILED, LINK_STATE_LINGER))
-                return;
-
-        switch (event) {
-                case DHCP_EVENT_EXPIRED:
-                case DHCP_EVENT_STOP:
-                case DHCP_EVENT_IP_CHANGE:
-                        if (link->network->dhcp_critical) {
-                                log_error_link(link, "DHCPv4 connection considered system critical, "
-                                               "ignoring request to reconfigure it.");
-                                return;
-                        }
-
-                        if (link->dhcp_lease) {
-                                r = dhcp_lease_lost(link);
-                                if (r < 0) {
-                                        link_enter_failed(link);
-                                        return;
-                                }
-                        }
-
-                        if (event == DHCP_EVENT_IP_CHANGE) {
-                                r = dhcp_lease_acquired(client, link);
-                                if (r < 0) {
-                                        link_enter_failed(link);
-                                        return;
-                                }
-                        }
-
-                        break;
-                case DHCP_EVENT_RENEW:
-                        r = dhcp_lease_renew(client, link);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                link_enter_failed(link);
-                                return;
-                        }
-                        break;
-                case DHCP_EVENT_IP_ACQUIRE:
-                        r = dhcp_lease_acquired(client, link);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                link_enter_failed(link);
-                                return;
-                        }
-                        break;
-                default:
-                        if (event < 0)
-                                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP error: client failed: %s", strerror(-event));
-                        else
-                                log_warning_link(link, "DHCP unknown event: %d", event);
-                        break;
-        }
-
-        return;
-}
-
 static void dhcp6_handler(sd_dhcp6_client *client, int event, void *userdata) {
         Link *link = userdata;
 
@@ -1270,7 +937,8 @@ static int link_acquire_conf(Link *link) {
 
                 r = sd_icmp6_router_solicitation_start(link->icmp6_router_discovery);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "could not start IPv6 router discovery");
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "could not start IPv6 router discovery");
                         return r;
                 }
         }
@@ -1278,126 +946,20 @@ static int link_acquire_conf(Link *link) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-bool link_has_carrier(unsigned flags, uint8_t operstate) {
+bool link_has_carrier(Link *link) {
         /* see Documentation/networking/operstates.txt in the kernel sources */
 
-        if (operstate == IF_OPER_UP)
+        if (link->kernel_operstate == IF_OPER_UP)
                 return true;
 
-        if (operstate == IF_OPER_UNKNOWN)
+        if (link->kernel_operstate == IF_OPER_UNKNOWN)
                 /* operstate may not be implemented, so fall back to flags */
-                if ((flags & IFF_LOWER_UP) && !(flags & IFF_DORMANT))
+                if ((link->flags & IFF_LOWER_UP) && !(link->flags & IFF_DORMANT))
                         return true;
 
         return false;
 }
 
-#define FLAG_STRING(string, flag, old, new) \
-        (((old ^ new) & flag) \
-                ? ((old & flag) ? (" -" string) : (" +" string)) \
-                : "")
-
-static int link_update_flags(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
-        unsigned flags, unknown_flags_added, unknown_flags_removed, unknown_flags;
-        uint8_t operstate;
-        bool carrier_gained = false, carrier_lost = false;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(link);
-
-        r = sd_rtnl_message_link_get_flags(m, &flags);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "Could not get link flags");
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        r = sd_rtnl_message_read_u8(m, IFLA_OPERSTATE, &operstate);
-        if (r < 0)
-                /* if we got a message without operstate, take it to mean
-                   the state was unchanged */
-                operstate = link->kernel_operstate;
-
-        if ((link->flags == flags) && (link->kernel_operstate == operstate))
-                return 0;
-
-        if (link->flags != flags) {
-                log_debug_link(link, "flags change:%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s",
-                               FLAG_STRING("LOOPBACK", IFF_LOOPBACK, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("MASTER", IFF_MASTER, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("SLAVE", IFF_SLAVE, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("UP", IFF_UP, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("DORMANT", IFF_DORMANT, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("LOWER_UP", IFF_LOWER_UP, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("RUNNING", IFF_RUNNING, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("MULTICAST", IFF_MULTICAST, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("BROADCAST", IFF_BROADCAST, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("POINTOPOINT", IFF_POINTOPOINT, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("PROMISC", IFF_PROMISC, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("ALLMULTI", IFF_ALLMULTI, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("PORTSEL", IFF_PORTSEL, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("AUTOMEDIA", IFF_AUTOMEDIA, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("DYNAMIC", IFF_DYNAMIC, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("NOARP", IFF_NOARP, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("NOTRAILERS", IFF_NOTRAILERS, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("DEBUG", IFF_DEBUG, link->flags, flags),
-                               FLAG_STRING("ECHO", IFF_ECHO, link->flags, flags));
-
-                unknown_flags = ~(IFF_LOOPBACK | IFF_MASTER | IFF_SLAVE | IFF_UP |
-                                  IFF_DORMANT | IFF_LOWER_UP | IFF_RUNNING |
-                                  IFF_MULTICAST | IFF_BROADCAST | IFF_POINTOPOINT |
-                                  IFF_PROMISC | IFF_ALLMULTI | IFF_PORTSEL |
-                                  IFF_AUTOMEDIA | IFF_DYNAMIC | IFF_NOARP |
-                                  IFF_NOTRAILERS | IFF_DEBUG | IFF_ECHO);
-                unknown_flags_added = ((link->flags ^ flags) & flags & unknown_flags);
-                unknown_flags_removed = ((link->flags ^ flags) & link->flags & unknown_flags);
-
-                /* link flags are currently at most 18 bits, let's align to printing 20 */
-                if (unknown_flags_added)
-                        log_debug_link(link, "unknown link flags gained: %#.5x (ignoring)",
-                                       unknown_flags_added);
-
-                if (unknown_flags_removed)
-                        log_debug_link(link, "unknown link flags lost: %#.5x (ignoring)",
-                                       unknown_flags_removed);
-        }
-
-        carrier_gained = !link_has_carrier(link->flags, link->kernel_operstate) &&
-                       link_has_carrier(flags, operstate);
-        carrier_lost = link_has_carrier(link->flags, link->kernel_operstate) &&
-                         !link_has_carrier(flags, operstate);
-
-        link->flags = flags;
-        link->kernel_operstate = operstate;
-
-        link_save(link);
-
-        if (link->state == LINK_STATE_FAILED ||
-            link->state == LINK_STATE_UNMANAGED)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (carrier_gained) {
-                log_info_link(link, "gained carrier");
-
-                if (link->network) {
-                        r = link_acquire_conf(link);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                link_enter_failed(link);
-                                return r;
-                        }
-                }
-        } else if (carrier_lost) {
-                log_info_link(link, "lost carrier");
-
-                r = link_stop_clients(link);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        link_enter_failed(link);
-                        return r;
-                }
-        }
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
 static int link_up_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = userdata;
         int r;
@@ -1441,14 +1003,17 @@ static int link_up(Link *link) {
 
         r = sd_rtnl_message_link_set_flags(req, IFF_UP, IFF_UP);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_error_link(link, "Could not set link flags: %s", strerror(-r));
+                log_error_link(link, "Could not set link flags: %s",
+                               strerror(-r));
                 return r;
         }
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req, link_up_handler, link, 0, NULL);
+        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req, link_up_handler, link,
+                               0, NULL);
         if (r < 0) {
                 log_error_link(link,
-                               "Could not send rtnetlink message: %s", strerror(-r));
+                               "Could not send rtnetlink message: %s",
+                               strerror(-r));
                 return r;
         }
 
@@ -1461,7 +1026,6 @@ static int link_joined(Link *link) {
         int r;
 
         assert(link);
-        assert(link->state == LINK_STATE_ENSLAVING);
         assert(link->network);
 
         if (!(link->flags & IFF_UP)) {
@@ -1475,13 +1039,12 @@ static int link_joined(Link *link) {
         return link_enter_set_addresses(link);
 }
 
-static int netdev_join_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
+static int netdev_join_handler(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m,
+                               void *userdata) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = userdata;
         int r;
 
         assert(link);
-        assert(IN_SET(link->state, LINK_STATE_ENSLAVING, LINK_STATE_FAILED,
-                      LINK_STATE_LINGER));
         assert(link->network);
 
         link->enslaving --;
@@ -1515,7 +1078,7 @@ static int link_enter_join_netdev(Link *link) {
 
         assert(link);
         assert(link->network);
-        assert(link->state == LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING);
+        assert(link->state == LINK_STATE_PENDING);
 
         link->state = LINK_STATE_ENSLAVING;
 
@@ -1539,7 +1102,8 @@ static int link_enter_join_netdev(Link *link) {
                         log_struct_link(LOG_WARNING, link,
                                         "MESSAGE=%-*s: could not join netdev '%s': %s",
                                         IFNAMSIZ,
-                                        link->ifname, link->network->bond->ifname, strerror(-r),
+                                        link->ifname, link->network->bond->ifname,
+                                        strerror(-r),
                                         NETDEVIF(link->network->bond),
                                         NULL);
                         link_enter_failed(link);
@@ -1557,12 +1121,14 @@ static int link_enter_join_netdev(Link *link) {
                                 NETDEVIF(link->network->bridge),
                                 NULL);
 
-                r = netdev_join(link->network->bridge, link, &netdev_join_handler);
+                r = netdev_join(link->network->bridge, link,
+                                &netdev_join_handler);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_struct_link(LOG_WARNING, link,
                                         "MESSAGE=%-*s: could not join netdev '%s': %s",
                                         IFNAMSIZ,
-                                        link->ifname, link->network->bridge->ifname, strerror(-r),
+                                        link->ifname, link->network->bridge->ifname,
+                                        strerror(-r),
                                         NETDEVIF(link->network->bridge),
                                         NULL);
                         link_enter_failed(link);
@@ -1576,14 +1142,16 @@ static int link_enter_join_netdev(Link *link) {
                 log_struct_link(LOG_DEBUG, link,
                                 "MESSAGE=%-*s: enslaving by '%s'",
                                 IFNAMSIZ,
-                                link->ifname, netdev->ifname, NETDEVIF(netdev), NULL);
+                                link->ifname, netdev->ifname, NETDEVIF(netdev),
+                                NULL);
 
                 r = netdev_join(netdev, link, &netdev_join_handler);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_struct_link(LOG_WARNING, link,
                                         "MESSAGE=%-*s: could not join netdev '%s': %s",
                                         IFNAMSIZ,
-                                        link->ifname, netdev->ifname, strerror(-r),
+                                        link->ifname, netdev->ifname,
+                                        strerror(-r),
                                         NETDEVIF(netdev), NULL);
                         link_enter_failed(link);
                         return r;
@@ -1600,7 +1168,7 @@ static int link_configure(Link *link) {
 
         assert(link);
         assert(link->network);
-        assert(link->state == LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING);
+        assert(link->state == LINK_STATE_PENDING);
 
         if (link->network->ipv4ll) {
                 r = ipv4ll_configure(link);
@@ -1609,69 +1177,9 @@ static int link_configure(Link *link) {
         }
 
         if (IN_SET(link->network->dhcp, DHCP_SUPPORT_BOTH, DHCP_SUPPORT_V4)) {
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_new(&link->dhcp_client);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_attach_event(link->dhcp_client, NULL, 0);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mac(link->dhcp_client, &link->mac);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_index(link->dhcp_client, link->ifindex);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_callback(link->dhcp_client, dhcp_handler, link);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_request_broadcast(link->dhcp_client, link->network->dhcp_broadcast);
+                r = dhcp4_configure(link);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
-
-                if (link->mtu) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mtu(link->dhcp_client, link->mtu);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                }
-
-                if (link->network->dhcp_mtu) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_request_option(link->dhcp_client, DHCP_OPTION_INTERFACE_MTU);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                }
-
-                if (link->network->dhcp_routes) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_request_option(link->dhcp_client, DHCP_OPTION_STATIC_ROUTE);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_request_option(link->dhcp_client, DHCP_OPTION_CLASSLESS_STATIC_ROUTE);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                }
-
-                if (link->network->dhcp_sendhost) {
-                        _cleanup_free_ char *hostname = gethostname_malloc();
-                        if (!hostname)
-                                return -ENOMEM;
-
-                        if (!is_localhost(hostname)) {
-                                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_hostname(link->dhcp_client, hostname);
-                                if (r < 0)
-                                        return r;
-                        }
-                }
-
-                if (link->network->dhcp_vendor_class_identifier) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_vendor_class_identifier(link->dhcp_client,
-                                                                       link->network->dhcp_vendor_class_identifier);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                }
         }
 
         if (link->network->dhcp_server) {
@@ -1710,7 +1218,7 @@ static int link_configure(Link *link) {
                         return r;
         }
 
-        if (link_has_carrier(link->flags, link->kernel_operstate)) {
+        if (link_has_carrier(link)) {
                 r = link_acquire_conf(link);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
@@ -1719,7 +1227,8 @@ static int link_configure(Link *link) {
         return link_enter_join_netdev(link);
 }
 
-static int link_initialized_and_synced(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *userdata) {
+static int link_initialized_and_synced(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m,
+                                       void *userdata) {
         _cleanup_link_unref_ Link *link = userdata;
         Network *network;
         int r;
@@ -1728,12 +1237,13 @@ static int link_initialized_and_synced(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *m, void *
         assert(link->ifname);
         assert(link->manager);
 
-        if (link->state != LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING)
+        if (link->state != LINK_STATE_PENDING)
                 return 1;
 
         log_debug_link(link, "link state is up-to-date");
 
-        r = network_get(link->manager, link->udev_device, link->ifname, &link->mac, &network);
+        r = network_get(link->manager, link->udev_device, link->ifname,
+                        &link->mac, &network);
         if (r == -ENOENT) {
                 link_enter_unmanaged(link);
                 return 1;
@@ -1760,7 +1270,7 @@ int link_initialized(Link *link, struct udev_device *device) {
         assert(link->manager->rtnl);
         assert(device);
 
-        if (link->state != LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING)
+        if (link->state != LINK_STATE_PENDING)
                 return 0;
 
         if (link->udev_device)
@@ -1770,16 +1280,18 @@ int link_initialized(Link *link, struct udev_device *device) {
 
         link->udev_device = udev_device_ref(device);
 
-        /* udev has initialized the link, but we don't know if we have yet processed
-           the NEWLINK messages with the latest state. Do a GETLINK, when it returns
-           we know that the pending NEWLINKs have already been processed and that we
-           are up-to-date */
+        /* udev has initialized the link, but we don't know if we have yet
+         * processed the NEWLINK messages with the latest state. Do a GETLINK,
+         * when it returns we know that the pending NEWLINKs have already been
+         * processed and that we are up-to-date */
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_link(link->manager->rtnl, &req, RTM_GETLINK, link->ifindex);
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_link(link->manager->rtnl, &req, RTM_GETLINK,
+                                     link->ifindex);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req, link_initialized_and_synced, link, 0, NULL);
+        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(link->manager->rtnl, req,
+                               link_initialized_and_synced, link, 0, NULL);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
@@ -1788,13 +1300,16 @@ int link_initialized(Link *link, struct udev_device *device) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message, void *userdata) {
+int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message,
+                              void *userdata) {
         Manager *m = userdata;
         Link *link = NULL;
         uint16_t type;
         _cleanup_address_free_ Address *address = NULL;
         Address *ad;
         char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+        char valid_buf[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+        const char *valid_str = NULL;
         bool address_dropped = false;
         int r, ifindex;
 
@@ -1826,36 +1341,50 @@ int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message, void *use
 
         r = sd_rtnl_message_addr_get_family(message, &address->family);
         if (r < 0 || !IN_SET(address->family, AF_INET, AF_INET6)) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "rtnl: received address with invalid family, ignoring");
+                log_warning_link(link,
+                                 "rtnl: received address with invalid family, ignoring");
                 return 0;
         }
 
         r = sd_rtnl_message_addr_get_prefixlen(message, &address->prefixlen);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "rtnl: received address with invalid prefixlen, ignoring");
+                log_warning_link(link,
+                                 "rtnl: received address with invalid prefixlen, ignoring");
                 return 0;
         }
 
         r = sd_rtnl_message_addr_get_scope(message, &address->scope);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_warning_link(link, "rtnl: received address with invalid scope, ignoring");
+                log_warning_link(link,
+                                 "rtnl: received address with invalid scope, ignoring");
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_addr_get_flags(message, &address->flags);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_warning_link(link,
+                                 "rtnl: received address with invalid flags, ignoring");
                 return 0;
         }
 
         switch (address->family) {
         case AF_INET:
-                r = sd_rtnl_message_read_in_addr(message, IFA_LOCAL, &address->in_addr.in);
+                r = sd_rtnl_message_read_in_addr(message, IFA_LOCAL,
+                                                 &address->in_addr.in);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "rtnl: received address without valid address, ignoring");
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "rtnl: received address without valid address, ignoring");
                         return 0;
                 }
 
                 break;
 
         case AF_INET6:
-                r = sd_rtnl_message_read_in6_addr(message, IFA_ADDRESS, &address->in_addr.in6);
+                r = sd_rtnl_message_read_in6_addr(message, IFA_ADDRESS,
+                                                  &address->in_addr.in6);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "rtnl: received address without valid address, ignoring");
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "rtnl: received address without valid address, ignoring");
                         return 0;
                 }
 
@@ -1865,11 +1394,23 @@ int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message, void *use
                 assert_not_reached("invalid address family");
         }
 
-        if (!inet_ntop(address->family, &address->in_addr, buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
+        if (!inet_ntop(address->family, &address->in_addr, buf,
+                       INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
                 log_warning_link(link, "could not print address");
                 return 0;
         }
 
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_read_cache_info(message, IFA_CACHEINFO,
+                                            &address->cinfo);
+        if (r >= 0) {
+                if (address->cinfo.ifa_valid == CACHE_INFO_INFINITY_LIFE_TIME)
+                        valid_str = "ever";
+                else
+                        valid_str = format_timespan(valid_buf, FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX,
+                                                    address->cinfo.ifa_valid * USEC_PER_SEC,
+                                                    USEC_PER_SEC);
+        }
+
         LIST_FOREACH(addresses, ad, link->addresses) {
                 if (address_equal(ad, address)) {
                         LIST_REMOVE(addresses, link->addresses, ad);
@@ -1885,11 +1426,13 @@ int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message, void *use
         switch (type) {
         case RTM_NEWADDR:
                 if (!address_dropped)
-                        log_debug_link(link, "added address: %s/%u", buf,
-                                       address->prefixlen);
+                        log_debug_link(link, "added address: %s/%u (valid for %s)",
+                                       buf, address->prefixlen,
+                                       strna(valid_str));
                 else
-                        log_debug_link(link, "updated address: %s/%u", buf,
-                                       address->prefixlen);
+                        log_debug_link(link, "updated address: %s/%u (valid for %s)",
+                                       buf, address->prefixlen,
+                                       strna(valid_str));
 
                 LIST_PREPEND(addresses, link->addresses, address);
                 address = NULL;
@@ -1899,13 +1442,16 @@ int link_rtnl_process_address(sd_rtnl *rtnl, sd_rtnl_message *message, void *use
                 break;
         case RTM_DELADDR:
                 if (address_dropped) {
-                        log_debug_link(link, "removed address: %s/%u", buf,
-                                       address->prefixlen);
+                        log_debug_link(link, "removed address: %s/%u (valid for %s)",
+                                       buf, address->prefixlen,
+                                       strna(valid_str));
 
                         link_save(link);
                 } else
-                        log_warning_link(link, "removing non-existent address: %s/%u",
-                                         buf, address->prefixlen);
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "removing non-existent address: %s/%u (valid for %s)",
+                                         buf, address->prefixlen,
+                                         strna(valid_str));
 
                 break;
         default:
@@ -1935,11 +1481,13 @@ int link_add(Manager *m, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
 
         log_debug_link(link, "link %d added", link->ifindex);
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_addr(m->rtnl, &req, RTM_GETADDR, link->ifindex, 0);
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_addr(m->rtnl, &req, RTM_GETADDR, link->ifindex,
+                                     0);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(m->rtnl, req, link_get_address_handler, link, 0, NULL);
+        r = sd_rtnl_call_async(m->rtnl, req, link_get_address_handler, link, 0,
+                               NULL);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
@@ -1950,13 +1498,14 @@ int link_add(Manager *m, sd_rtnl_message *message, Link **ret) {
                 sprintf(ifindex_str, "n%d", link->ifindex);
                 device = udev_device_new_from_device_id(m->udev, ifindex_str);
                 if (!device) {
-                        log_warning_link(link, "could not find udev device: %m");
+                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                         "could not find udev device: %m");
                         return -errno;
                 }
 
                 if (udev_device_get_is_initialized(device) <= 0) {
                         /* not yet ready */
-                        log_debug_link(link, "udev initializing link...");
+                        log_debug_link(link, "link pending udev initialization...");
                         return 0;
                 }
 
@@ -1979,6 +1528,7 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
         struct ether_addr mac;
         const char *ifname;
         uint32_t mtu;
+        bool had_carrier, carrier_gained, carrier_lost;
         int r;
 
         assert(link);
@@ -2011,9 +1561,11 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
                 }
 
                 if (link->dhcp_client) {
-                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mtu(link->dhcp_client, link->mtu);
+                        r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mtu(link->dhcp_client,
+                                                   link->mtu);
                         if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_link(link, "Could not update MTU in DHCP client: %s",
+                                log_warning_link(link,
+                                                 "Could not update MTU in DHCP client: %s",
                                                  strerror(-r));
                                 return r;
                         }
@@ -2024,9 +1576,11 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
            set, simply ignore them. */
         r = sd_rtnl_message_read_ether_addr(m, IFLA_ADDRESS, &mac);
         if (r >= 0) {
-                if (memcmp(link->mac.ether_addr_octet, mac.ether_addr_octet, ETH_ALEN)) {
+                if (memcmp(link->mac.ether_addr_octet, mac.ether_addr_octet,
+                           ETH_ALEN)) {
 
-                        memcpy(link->mac.ether_addr_octet, mac.ether_addr_octet, ETH_ALEN);
+                        memcpy(link->mac.ether_addr_octet, mac.ether_addr_octet,
+                               ETH_ALEN);
 
                         log_debug_link(link, "MAC address: "
                                        "%02hhx:%02hhx:%02hhx:%02hhx:%02hhx:%02hhx",
@@ -2040,18 +1594,19 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
                         if (link->ipv4ll) {
                                 r = sd_ipv4ll_set_mac(link->ipv4ll, &link->mac);
                                 if (r < 0) {
-                                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not update MAC "
-                                                         "address in IPv4LL client: %s",
+                                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                                         "Could not update MAC address in IPv4LL client: %s",
                                                          strerror(-r));
                                         return r;
                                 }
                         }
 
                         if (link->dhcp_client) {
-                                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mac(link->dhcp_client, &link->mac);
+                                r = sd_dhcp_client_set_mac(link->dhcp_client,
+                                                           &link->mac);
                                 if (r < 0) {
-                                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not update MAC "
-                                                         "address in DHCP client: %s",
+                                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                                         "Could not update MAC address in DHCP client: %s",
                                                          strerror(-r));
                                         return r;
                                 }
@@ -2061,7 +1616,8 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
                                 r = sd_dhcp6_client_set_mac(link->dhcp6_client,
                                                             &link->mac);
                                 if (r < 0) {
-                                        log_warning_link(link, "Could not update MAC address in DHCPv6 client: %s",
+                                        log_warning_link(link,
+                                                         "Could not update MAC address in DHCPv6 client: %s",
                                                          strerror(-r));
                                         return r;
                                 }
@@ -2069,7 +1625,36 @@ int link_update(Link *link, sd_rtnl_message *m) {
                 }
         }
 
-        return link_update_flags(link, m);
+        had_carrier = link_has_carrier(link);
+
+        r = link_update_flags(link, m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        carrier_gained = !had_carrier && link_has_carrier(link);
+        carrier_lost = had_carrier && !link_has_carrier(link);
+
+        if (carrier_gained) {
+                log_info_link(link, "gained carrier");
+
+                if (link->network) {
+                        r = link_acquire_conf(link);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                link_enter_failed(link);
+                                return r;
+                        }
+                }
+        } else if (carrier_lost) {
+                log_info_link(link, "lost carrier");
+
+                r = link_stop_clients(link);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        link_enter_failed(link);
+                        return r;
+                }
+        }
+
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static void link_update_operstate(Link *link) {
@@ -2078,12 +1663,15 @@ static void link_update_operstate(Link *link) {
 
         if (link->kernel_operstate == IF_OPER_DORMANT)
                 link->operstate = LINK_OPERSTATE_DORMANT;
-        else if (link_has_carrier(link->flags, link->kernel_operstate)) {
+        else if (link_has_carrier(link)) {
                 Address *address;
                 uint8_t scope = RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE;
 
                 /* if we have carrier, check what addresses we have */
                 LIST_FOREACH(addresses, address, link->addresses) {
+                        if (address->flags & (IFA_F_TENTATIVE | IFA_F_DEPRECATED))
+                                continue;
+
                         if (address->scope < scope)
                                 scope = address->scope;
                 }
@@ -2097,8 +1685,10 @@ static void link_update_operstate(Link *link) {
                 else
                         /* no useful addresses found */
                         link->operstate = LINK_OPERSTATE_CARRIER;
-        } else
-                link->operstate = LINK_OPERSTATE_UNKNOWN;
+        } else if (link->flags & IFF_UP)
+                link->operstate = LINK_OPERSTATE_NO_CARRIER;
+        else
+                link->operstate = LINK_OPERSTATE_OFF;
 }
 
 int link_save(Link *link) {
@@ -2142,9 +1732,17 @@ int link_save(Link *link) {
                 admin_state, oper_state);
 
         if (link->network) {
-                char **address;
+                char **address, **domain;
+                bool space;
 
                 fputs("DNS=", f);
+                space = false;
+                STRV_FOREACH(address, link->network->dns) {
+                        if (space)
+                                fputc(' ', f);
+                        fputs(*address, f);
+                        space = true;
+                }
 
                 if (link->network->dhcp_dns &&
                     link->dhcp_lease) {
@@ -2152,19 +1750,22 @@ int link_save(Link *link) {
 
                         r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_dns(link->dhcp_lease, &addresses);
                         if (r > 0) {
+                                if (space)
+                                        fputc(' ', f);
                                 serialize_in_addrs(f, addresses, r);
-                                if (link->network->dns)
-                                        fputs(" ", f);
                         }
                 }
 
-                STRV_FOREACH(address, link->network->dns)
-                        fprintf(f, "%s%s", *address,
-                                (address + 1 ? " " : ""));
-
                 fputs("\n", f);
 
                 fprintf(f, "NTP=");
+                space = false;
+                STRV_FOREACH(address, link->network->ntp) {
+                        if (space)
+                                fputc(' ', f);
+                        fputs(*address, f);
+                        space = true;
+                }
 
                 if (link->network->dhcp_ntp &&
                     link->dhcp_lease) {
@@ -2172,19 +1773,42 @@ int link_save(Link *link) {
 
                         r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_ntp(link->dhcp_lease, &addresses);
                         if (r > 0) {
+                                if (space)
+                                        fputc(' ', f);
                                 serialize_in_addrs(f, addresses, r);
-                                if (link->network->ntp)
-                                        fputs(" ", f);
                         }
                 }
 
-                STRV_FOREACH(address, link->network->ntp)
-                        fprintf(f, "%s%s", *address,
-                                (address + 1 ? " " : ""));
+                fputs("\n", f);
+
+                fprintf(f, "DOMAINS=");
+                space = false;
+                STRV_FOREACH(domain, link->network->domains) {
+                        if (space)
+                                fputc(' ', f);
+                        fputs(*domain, f);
+                        space = true;
+                }
+
+                if (link->network->dhcp_domains &&
+                    link->dhcp_lease) {
+                        const char *domainname;
+
+                        r = sd_dhcp_lease_get_domainname(link->dhcp_lease, &domainname);
+                        if (r >= 0) {
+                                if (space)
+                                        fputc(' ', f);
+                                fputs(domainname, f);
+                        }
+                }
 
                 fputs("\n", f);
 
-                fprintf(f, "LLMNR=%s\n", llmnr_support_to_string(link->network->llmnr));
+                fprintf(f, "WILDCARD_DOMAIN=%s\n",
+                        yes_no(link->network->wildcard_domain));
+
+                fprintf(f, "LLMNR=%s\n",
+                        llmnr_support_to_string(link->network->llmnr));
         }
 
         if (link->dhcp_lease) {
@@ -2210,7 +1834,6 @@ int link_save(Link *link) {
         }
 
         return 0;
-
 fail:
         log_error_link(link, "Failed to save link data to %s: %s", link->state_file, strerror(-r));
         unlink(link->state_file);
@@ -2219,7 +1842,7 @@ fail:
 }
 
 static const char* const link_state_table[_LINK_STATE_MAX] = {
-        [LINK_STATE_INITIALIZING] = "initializing",
+        [LINK_STATE_PENDING] = "pending",
         [LINK_STATE_ENSLAVING] = "configuring",
         [LINK_STATE_SETTING_ADDRESSES] = "configuring",
         [LINK_STATE_SETTING_ROUTES] = "configuring",
@@ -2232,7 +1855,8 @@ static const char* const link_state_table[_LINK_STATE_MAX] = {
 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(link_state, LinkState);
 
 static const char* const link_operstate_table[_LINK_OPERSTATE_MAX] = {
-        [LINK_OPERSTATE_UNKNOWN] = "unknown",
+        [LINK_OPERSTATE_OFF] = "off",
+        [LINK_OPERSTATE_NO_CARRIER] = "no-carrier",
         [LINK_OPERSTATE_DORMANT] = "dormant",
         [LINK_OPERSTATE_CARRIER] = "carrier",
         [LINK_OPERSTATE_DEGRADED] = "degraded",