chiark / gitweb /
bus: add missing LE meta data enforcement for gvariant serializer
[elogind.git] / src / libsystemd-bus / bus-message.c
index bc67c323808a6930729e4a5ff512793893bf6687..4c0e27f9446d96d19c563d30429c6eefa697ffb8 100644 (file)
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "bus-internal.h"
 #include "bus-type.h"
 #include "bus-signature.h"
+#include "bus-gvariant.h"
 
 static int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void **stored);
 
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ static void message_free(sd_bus_message *m) {
                 uint64_t off;
 
                 off = (uint8_t *)m->kdbus - (uint8_t *)m->bus->kdbus_buffer;
-                ioctl(m->bus->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_MSG_RELEASE, &off);
+                ioctl(m->bus->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_FREE, &off);
         }
 
         if (m->bus)
@@ -143,20 +144,16 @@ static void message_free(sd_bus_message *m) {
         if (m->iovec != m->iovec_fixed)
                 free(m->iovec);
 
-        free(m->cmdline_array);
-
         message_reset_containers(m);
         free(m->root_container.signature);
 
         free(m->peeked_signature);
 
-        free(m->unit);
-        free(m->user_unit);
-        free(m->session);
+        bus_creds_done(&m->creds);
         free(m);
 }
 
-static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
+static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz, bool add_offset) {
         void *op, *np;
         size_t old_size, new_size, start;
 
@@ -209,6 +206,13 @@ static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
 
         m->free_header = true;
 
+        if (add_offset) {
+                if (m->n_header_offsets >= ELEMENTSOF(m->header_offsets))
+                        goto poison;
+
+                m->header_offsets[m->n_header_offsets++] = new_size - sizeof(struct bus_header);
+        }
+
         return (uint8_t*) np + start;
 
 poison:
@@ -228,25 +232,48 @@ static int message_append_field_string(
 
         assert(m);
 
+        /* dbus1 doesn't allow strings over 32bit, let's enforce this
+         * globally, to not risk convertability */
         l = strlen(s);
         if (l > (size_t) (uint32_t) -1)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 's' + NUL + string length + string + NUL */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4 + l + 1);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        /* Signature "(yv)" where the variant contains "s" */
+
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = type;
-        p[3] = 0;
+                /* (field id byte + 7x padding, ((string + NUL) + NUL + signature string 's') */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 1 + 7 + l + 1 + 1 + 1, true);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = l;
-        memcpy(p + 8, s, l + 1);
+                p[0] = h;
+                memset(p+1, 0, 7);
+                memcpy(p+8, s, l);
+                p[8+l] = 0;
+                p[8+l+1] = 0;
+                p[8+l+2] = type;
 
-        if (ret)
-                *ret = (char*) p + 8;
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (char*) p + 1;
+
+        } else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 's' + NUL) + (string length + string + NUL)) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = type;
+                p[3] = 0;
+
+                ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = l;
+                memcpy(p + 8, s, l + 1);
+
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (char*) p + 8;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -262,24 +289,33 @@ static int message_append_field_signature(
 
         assert(m);
 
+        /* dbus1 doesn't allow signatures over 32bit, let's enforce
+         * this globally, to not risk convertability */
         l = strlen(s);
         if (l > 255)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 'g' + NUL + string length + string + NUL */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 1 + l + 1);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        /* Signature "(yv)" where the variant contains "g" */
+
+        if (m->is_gvariant)
+                /* For gvariant the serialization is the same as for normal strings */
+                return message_append_field_string(m, h, 'g', s, ret);
+        else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 'g' + NUL) + (string length + string + NUL)) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 1 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE;
-        p[3] = 0;
-        p[4] = l;
-        memcpy(p + 5, s, l + 1);
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE;
+                p[3] = 0;
+                p[4] = l;
+                memcpy(p + 5, s, l + 1);
 
-        if (ret)
-                *ret = (const char*) p + 5;
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (const char*) p + 5;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -289,22 +325,37 @@ static int message_append_field_uint32(sd_bus_message *m, uint8_t h, uint32_t x)
 
         assert(m);
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 'u' + NUL + value */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                /* (field id byte + 7x padding + ((value + NUL + signature string 'u') */
+
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 1 + 7 + 4 + 1 + 1, true);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                p[0] = h;
+                memset(p+1, 0, 7);
+                *((uint32_t*) (p + 8)) = x;
+                p[12] = 0;
+                p[13] = 'u';
+        } else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 'u' + NUL) + value) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32;
-        p[3] = 0;
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32;
+                p[3] = 0;
 
-        ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = x;
+                ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = x;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
 
 int bus_message_from_header(
+                sd_bus *bus,
                 void *buffer,
                 size_t length,
                 int *fds,
@@ -335,8 +386,8 @@ int bus_message_from_header(
         if (h->type == _SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INVALID)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-        if (h->endian != SD_BUS_LITTLE_ENDIAN &&
-            h->endian != SD_BUS_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        if (h->endian != BUS_LITTLE_ENDIAN &&
+            h->endian != BUS_BIG_ENDIAN)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
         a = ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
@@ -357,22 +408,28 @@ int bus_message_from_header(
         m->n_fds = n_fds;
 
         if (ucred) {
-                m->uid = ucred->uid;
-                m->pid = ucred->pid;
-                m->gid = ucred->gid;
-                m->uid_valid = m->gid_valid = true;
+                m->creds.uid = ucred->uid;
+                m->creds.pid = ucred->pid;
+                m->creds.gid = ucred->gid;
+                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_UID | SD_BUS_CREDS_PID | SD_BUS_CREDS_GID;
         }
 
         if (label) {
-                m->label = (char*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
-                memcpy(m->label, label, label_sz + 1);
+                m->creds.label = (char*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
+                memcpy(m->creds.label, label, label_sz + 1);
+
+                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_SELINUX_CONTEXT;
         }
 
+        if (bus)
+                m->bus = sd_bus_ref(bus);
+
         *ret = m;
         return 0;
 }
 
 int bus_message_from_malloc(
+                sd_bus *bus,
                 void *buffer,
                 size_t length,
                 int *fds,
@@ -382,9 +439,10 @@ int bus_message_from_malloc(
                 sd_bus_message **ret) {
 
         sd_bus_message *m;
+        size_t sz;
         int r;
 
-        r = bus_message_from_header(buffer, length, fds, n_fds, ucred, label, 0, &m);
+        r = bus_message_from_header(bus, buffer, length, fds, n_fds, ucred, label, 0, &m);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
@@ -393,11 +451,14 @@ int bus_message_from_malloc(
                 goto fail;
         }
 
-        m->n_body_parts = 1;
-        m->body.data = (uint8_t*) buffer + sizeof(struct bus_header) + ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
-        m->body.size = length - sizeof(struct bus_header) - ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
-        m->body.sealed = true;
-        m->body.memfd = -1;
+        sz = length - sizeof(struct bus_header) - ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
+        if (sz > 0) {
+                m->n_body_parts = 1;
+                m->body.data = (uint8_t*) buffer + sizeof(struct bus_header) + ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
+                m->body.size = sz;
+                m->body.sealed = true;
+                m->body.memfd = -1;
+        }
 
         m->n_iovec = 1;
         m->iovec = m->iovec_fixed;
@@ -429,10 +490,11 @@ static sd_bus_message *message_new(sd_bus *bus, uint8_t type) {
 
         m->n_ref = 1;
         m->header = (struct bus_header*) ((uint8_t*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(struct sd_bus_message)));
-        m->header->endian = SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN;
+        m->header->endian = BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN;
         m->header->type = type;
         m->header->version = bus ? bus->message_version : 1;
         m->allow_fds = !bus || bus->can_fds || (bus->state != BUS_HELLO && bus->state != BUS_RUNNING);
+        m->root_container.need_offsets = m->is_gvariant = bus ? bus->use_gvariant : false;
 
         if (bus)
                 m->bus = sd_bus_ref(bus);
@@ -440,7 +502,7 @@ static sd_bus_message *message_new(sd_bus *bus, uint8_t type) {
         return m;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_new_signal(
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_signal(
                 sd_bus *bus,
                 const char *path,
                 const char *interface,
@@ -450,30 +512,25 @@ int sd_bus_message_new_signal(
         sd_bus_message *t;
         int r;
 
-        if (!path)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!interface)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!member)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus && bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
-                return -ENOTCONN;
+        assert_return(!bus || bus->state != BUS_UNSET, -ENOTCONN);
+        assert_return(object_path_is_valid(path), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(interface_name_is_valid(interface), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(member_name_is_valid(member), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL);
+        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_SIGNAL);
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -485,7 +542,7 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
                 sd_bus *bus,
                 const char *destination,
                 const char *path,
@@ -496,38 +553,32 @@ int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
         sd_bus_message *t;
         int r;
 
-        if (destination && !service_name_is_valid(destination))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!object_path_is_valid(path))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (interface && !interface_name_is_valid(interface))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!member_name_is_valid(member))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus && bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
-                return -ENOTCONN;
+        assert_return(!bus || bus->state != BUS_UNSET, -ENOTCONN);
+        assert_return(!destination || service_name_is_valid(destination), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(object_path_is_valid(path), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!interface || interface_name_is_valid(interface), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(member_name_is_valid(member), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL);
+        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL);
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (interface) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
         if (destination) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
@@ -541,7 +592,6 @@ fail:
 }
 
 static int message_new_reply(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 uint8_t type,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
@@ -549,35 +599,31 @@ static int message_new_reply(
         sd_bus_message *t;
         int r;
 
-        if (!call)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!call->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (call->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus && bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
-                return -ENOTCONN;
+        assert_return(call, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(call->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(call->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!call->bus || call->bus->state != BUS_UNSET, -ENOTCONN);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        t = message_new(bus, type);
+        t = message_new(call->bus, type);
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
         t->reply_serial = BUS_MESSAGE_SERIAL(call);
 
-        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
+        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (call->sender) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, call->sender, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, call->sender, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
-        t->dont_send = !!(call->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED);
+        t->dont_send = !!(call->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED);
+        t->enforced_reply_signature = call->enforced_reply_signature;
 
         *m = t;
         return 0;
@@ -587,16 +633,14 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_new_method_return(
-                sd_bus *bus,
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_return(
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
 
-        return message_new_reply(bus, call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_RETURN, m);
+        return message_new_reply(call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN, m);
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
-                sd_bus *bus,
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 const sd_bus_error *e,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
@@ -604,16 +648,14 @@ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
         sd_bus_message *t;
         int r;
 
-        if (!sd_bus_error_is_set(e))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(sd_bus_error_is_set(e), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = message_new_reply(bus, call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR, &t);
+        r = message_new_reply(call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR, &t);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -623,6 +665,8 @@ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
                         goto fail;
         }
 
+        t->error._need_free = -1;
+
         *m = t;
         return 0;
 
@@ -631,54 +675,57 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_new_method_errorf(
-                sd_bus *bus,
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errorf(
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 sd_bus_message **m,
                 const char *name,
                 const char *format,
                 ...) {
 
-        sd_bus_message *t;
+        _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
         va_list ap;
-        int r;
 
-        if (!name)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(name, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = message_new_reply(bus, call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR, &t);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+        va_start(ap, format);
+        bus_error_setfv(&error, name, format, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, name, &t->error.name);
-        if (r < 0)
-                goto fail;
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &error, m);
+}
 
-        if (format) {
-                _cleanup_free_ char *message = NULL;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errno(
+                sd_bus_message *call,
+                int error,
+                const sd_bus_error *p,
+                sd_bus_message **m) {
 
-                va_start(ap, format);
-                r = vasprintf(&message, format, ap);
-                va_end(ap);
+        _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error berror = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        r = -ENOMEM;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+        if (sd_bus_error_is_set(p))
+                return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, p, m);
 
-                r = message_append_basic(t, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, message, (const void**) &t->error.message);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        goto fail;
-        }
+        sd_bus_error_set_errno(&berror, error);
 
-        *m = t;
-        return 0;
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &berror, m);
+}
 
-fail:
-        message_free(t);
-        return r;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errnof(
+                sd_bus_message *call,
+                sd_bus_message **m,
+                int error,
+                const char *format,
+                ...) {
+
+        _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error berror = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+        va_list ap;
+
+        va_start(ap, format);
+        bus_error_set_errnofv(&berror, error, format, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &berror, m);
 }
 
 int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
@@ -693,24 +740,24 @@ int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
         assert(sd_bus_error_is_set(e));
         assert(m);
 
-        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR);
+        t = message_new(bus, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR);
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
         t->reply_serial = serial;
 
-        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
+        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (bus && bus->unique_name) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, bus->unique_name, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, bus->unique_name, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -720,6 +767,8 @@ int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
                         goto fail;
         }
 
+        t->error._need_free = -1;
+
         *m = t;
         return 0;
 
@@ -728,9 +777,8 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
-sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_ref(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_ref(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         assert(m->n_ref > 0);
         m->n_ref++;
@@ -738,9 +786,8 @@ sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_ref(sd_bus_message *m) {
         return m;
 }
 
-sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_unref(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_unref(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         assert(m->n_ref > 0);
         m->n_ref--;
@@ -751,450 +798,191 @@ sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_unref(sd_bus_message *m) {
         return NULL;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_type(sd_bus_message *m, uint8_t *type) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!type)
-                return -EINVAL;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_type(sd_bus_message *m, uint8_t *type) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(type, -EINVAL);
 
         *type = m->header->type;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_serial(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!serial)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->header->serial == 0)
-                return -ENOENT;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_serial(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(serial, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->header->serial != 0, -ENOENT);
 
         *serial = BUS_MESSAGE_SERIAL(m);
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_reply_serial(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!serial)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->reply_serial == 0)
-                return -ENOENT;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_reply_serial(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(serial, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->reply_serial != 0, -ENOENT);
 
         *serial = m->reply_serial;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        return m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL ? !!(m->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED) : 0;
+        return m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL ? !!(m->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED) : 0;
 }
 
-const char *sd_bus_message_get_path(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_no_auto_start(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+
+        return !!(m->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START);
+}
+
+_public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_path(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         return m->path;
 }
 
-const char *sd_bus_message_get_interface(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_interface(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         return m->interface;
 }
 
-const char *sd_bus_message_get_member(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_member(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         return m->member;
 }
-const char *sd_bus_message_get_destination(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+
+_public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_destination(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         return m->destination;
 }
 
-const char *sd_bus_message_get_sender(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
+_public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_sender(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         return m->sender;
 }
 
-const sd_bus_error *sd_bus_message_get_error(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        if (!m)
-                return NULL;
-
-        if (!sd_bus_error_is_set(&m->error))
-                return NULL;
+_public_ const sd_bus_error *sd_bus_message_get_error(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
+        assert_return(sd_bus_error_is_set(&m->error), NULL);
 
         return &m->error;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_uid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!uid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->uid_valid)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_monotonic_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(usec, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->monotonic > 0, -ENODATA);
 
-        *uid = m->uid;
+        *usec = m->monotonic;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_gid(sd_bus_message *m, gid_t *gid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!gid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->gid_valid)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_realtime_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(usec, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->realtime > 0, -ENODATA);
 
-        *gid = m->gid;
+        *usec = m->realtime;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_pid(sd_bus_message *m, pid_t *pid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!pid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->pid <= 0)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        *pid = m->pid;
-        return 0;
-}
+_public_ sd_bus_creds *sd_bus_message_get_creds(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_tid(sd_bus_message *m, pid_t *tid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!tid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->tid <= 0)
-                return -ESRCH;
+        if (m->creds.mask == 0)
+                return NULL;
 
-        *tid = m->tid;
-        return 0;
+        return &m->creds;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_pid_starttime(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!usec)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->pid_starttime <= 0)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        *usec = m->pid_starttime;
-        return 0;
-}
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_is_signal(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                      const char *interface,
+                                      const char *member) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_selinux_context(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->label)
-                return -ESRCH;
+        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_SIGNAL)
+                return 0;
 
-        *ret = m->label;
-        return 0;
-}
+        if (interface && (!m->interface || !streq(m->interface, interface)))
+                return 0;
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_monotonic_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!usec)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->monotonic <= 0)
-                return -ESRCH;
+        if (member &&  (!m->member || !streq(m->member, member)))
+                return 0;
 
-        *usec = m->monotonic;
-        return 0;
+        return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_realtime_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!usec)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->realtime <= 0)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_is_method_call(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                           const char *interface,
+                                           const char *member) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        *usec = m->realtime;
-        return 0;
-}
+        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL)
+                return 0;
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_comm(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->comm)
-                return -ESRCH;
+        if (interface && (!m->interface || !streq(m->interface, interface)))
+                return 0;
 
-        *ret = m->comm;
-        return 0;
+        if (member &&  (!m->member || !streq(m->member, member)))
+                return 0;
+
+        return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_tid_comm(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->tid_comm)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_is_method_error(sd_bus_message *m, const char *name) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        *ret = m->tid_comm;
-        return 0;
-}
+        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR)
+                return 0;
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_exe(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->exe)
-                return -ESRCH;
+        if (name && (!m->error.name || !streq(m->error.name, name)))
+                return 0;
 
-        *ret = m->exe;
-        return 0;
+        return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_cgroup(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->cgroup)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_set_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m, int b) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL, -EPERM);
+
+        if (b)
+                m->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        else
+                m->header->flags &= ~BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
 
-        *ret = m->cgroup;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_unit(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->cgroup)
-                return -ESRCH;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_set_no_auto_start(sd_bus_message *m, int b) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
 
-        if (!m->unit) {
-                r = cg_path_get_unit(m->cgroup, &m->unit);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
+        if (b)
+                m->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
+        else
+                m->header->flags &= ~BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
 
-        *ret = m->unit;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_user_unit(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->cgroup)
-                return -ESRCH;
+static struct bus_container *message_get_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert(m);
 
-        if (!m->user_unit) {
-                r = cg_path_get_user_unit(m->cgroup, &m->user_unit);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
+        if (m->n_containers == 0)
+                return &m->root_container;
 
-        *ret = m->user_unit;
-        return 0;
+        assert(m->containers);
+        return m->containers + m->n_containers - 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_session(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ret)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->cgroup)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        if (!m->session) {
-                r = cg_path_get_session(m->cgroup, &m->session);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        *ret = m->session;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_get_owner_uid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!uid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->cgroup)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        return cg_path_get_owner_uid(m->cgroup, uid);
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_get_cmdline(sd_bus_message *m, char ***cmdline) {
-        size_t n, i;
-        const char *p;
-        bool first;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (!m->cmdline)
-                return -ENOENT;
-
-        for (p = m->cmdline, n = 0; p < m->cmdline + m->cmdline_length; p++)
-                if (*p == 0)
-                        n++;
-
-        m->cmdline_array = new(char*, n + 1);
-        if (!m->cmdline_array)
-                return -ENOMEM;
-
-        for (p = m->cmdline, i = 0, first = true; p < m->cmdline + m->cmdline_length; p++) {
-                if (first)
-                        m->cmdline_array[i++] = (char*) p;
-
-                first = *p == 0;
-        }
-
-        m->cmdline_array[i] = NULL;
-        *cmdline = m->cmdline_array;
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_get_audit_sessionid(sd_bus_message *m, uint32_t *sessionid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!sessionid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->audit)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        *sessionid = m->audit->sessionid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_get_audit_loginuid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!uid)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->audit)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        *uid = m->audit->loginuid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_has_effective_cap(sd_bus_message *m, int capability) {
-        unsigned sz;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (capability < 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->capability)
-                return -ESRCH;
-
-        sz = m->capability_size / 4;
-        if ((unsigned) capability >= sz*8)
-                return 0;
-
-        return !!(m->capability[2 * sz + (capability / 8)] & (1 << (capability % 8)));
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_is_signal(sd_bus_message *m, const char *interface, const char *member) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (interface && (!m->interface || !streq(m->interface, interface)))
-                return 0;
-
-        if (member &&  (!m->member || !streq(m->member, member)))
-                return 0;
-
-        return 1;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_is_method_call(sd_bus_message *m, const char *interface, const char *member) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (interface && (!m->interface || !streq(m->interface, interface)))
-                return 0;
-
-        if (member &&  (!m->member || !streq(m->member, member)))
-                return 0;
-
-        return 1;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_is_method_error(sd_bus_message *m, const char *name) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (name && (!m->error.name || !streq(m->error.name, name)))
-                return 0;
-
-        return 1;
-}
-
-int sd_bus_message_set_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m, int b) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL)
-                return -EPERM;
-
-        if (b)
-                m->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
-        else
-                m->header->flags &= ~SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-static struct bus_container *message_get_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        assert(m);
-
-        if (m->n_containers == 0)
-                return &m->root_container;
-
-        assert(m->containers);
-        return m->containers + m->n_containers - 1;
-}
-
-struct bus_body_part *message_append_part(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        struct bus_body_part *part;
+struct bus_body_part *message_append_part(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        struct bus_body_part *part;
 
         assert(m);
 
@@ -1284,7 +1072,7 @@ static int part_make_space(
 
                 part->munmap_this = true;
         } else {
-                n = realloc(part->data, sz);
+                n = realloc(part->data, MAX(sz, 1u));
                 if (!n) {
                         m->poisoned = true;
                         return -ENOMEM;
@@ -1301,6 +1089,27 @@ static int part_make_space(
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int message_add_offset(sd_bus_message *m, size_t offset) {
+        struct bus_container *c;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(m->is_gvariant);
+
+        /* Add offset to current container, unless this is the first
+         * item in it, which will have the 0 offset, which we can
+         * ignore. */
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
+        if (!c->need_offsets)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(c->offsets, c->n_allocated, c->n_offsets + 1))
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        c->offsets[c->n_offsets++] = offset;
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static void message_extend_containers(sd_bus_message *m, size_t expand) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
@@ -1310,12 +1119,14 @@ static void message_extend_containers(sd_bus_message *m, size_t expand) {
                 return;
 
         /* Update counters */
-        for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++)
+        for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++) {
+
                 if (c->array_size)
                         *c->array_size += expand;
+        }
 }
 
-static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
+static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz, bool add_offset) {
         struct bus_body_part *part = NULL;
         size_t start_body, end_body, padding, start_part, end_part, added;
         bool add_new_part;
@@ -1393,28 +1204,56 @@ static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
         m->header->body_size = end_body;
         message_extend_containers(m, added);
 
+        if (add_offset) {
+                r = message_add_offset(m, end_body);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        m->poisoned = true;
+                        return NULL;
+                }
+        }
+
         return p;
 }
 
+static int message_push_fd(sd_bus_message *m, int fd) {
+        int *f, copy;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (fd < 0)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (!m->allow_fds)
+                return -ENOTSUP;
+
+        copy = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
+        if (copy < 0)
+                return -errno;
+
+        f = realloc(m->fds, sizeof(int) * (m->n_fds + 1));
+        if (!f) {
+                m->poisoned = true;
+                close_nointr_nofail(copy);
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        }
+
+        m->fds = f;
+        m->fds[m->n_fds] = copy;
+        m->free_fds = true;
+
+        return copy;
+}
+
 int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void **stored) {
+        _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
         struct bus_container *c;
         ssize_t align, sz;
-        uint32_t k;
         void *a;
-        int fd = -1;
-        uint32_t fdi = 0;
-        int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!p)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!bus_type_is_basic(type))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_basic(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
 
@@ -1437,137 +1276,175 @@ int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void
                 }
         }
 
-        switch (type) {
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                uint8_t u8;
+                uint32_t u32;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+                switch (type) {
 
-                align = 4;
-                sz = 4 + strlen(p) + 1;
-                break;
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+                        p = strempty(p);
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
+                        /* Fall through... */
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-                align = 1;
-                sz = 1 + strlen(p) + 1;
-                break;
+                        align = 1;
+                        sz = strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-                align = sz = 4;
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
 
-                assert_cc(sizeof(int) == sizeof(uint32_t));
-                memcpy(&k, p, 4);
-                k = !!k;
-                p = &k;
-                break;
+                        u8 = p && *(int*) p;
+                        p = &u8;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
-                int z, *f;
+                        align = sz = 1;
+                        break;
 
-                if (!m->allow_fds) {
-                        r = -ENOTSUP;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
 
-                align = sz = 4;
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-                z = *(int*) p;
-                if (z < 0) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                        fd = message_push_fd(m, *(int*) p);
+                        if (fd < 0)
+                                return fd;
 
-                fd = fcntl(z, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
-                if (fd < 0) {
-                        r = -errno;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                        u32 = m->n_fds;
+                        p = &u32;
 
-                f = realloc(m->fds, sizeof(int) * (m->n_fds + 1));
-                if (!f) {
-                        m->poisoned = true;
-                        r = -ENOMEM;
-                        goto fail;
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
+
+                default:
+                        align = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                        sz = bus_gvariant_get_size(type);
+                        break;
                 }
 
-                fdi = m->n_fds;
-                f[fdi] = fd;
-                m->fds = f;
-                m->free_fds = true;
-                break;
-        }
+                assert(align > 0);
+                assert(sz > 0);
 
-        default:
-                align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
-                sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
-                break;
-        }
+                a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        assert(align > 0);
-        assert(sz > 0);
+                memcpy(a, p, sz);
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz);
-        if (!a) {
-                r = -ENOMEM;
-                goto fail;
-        }
+                if (stored)
+                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a;
 
-        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING || type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
-                *(uint32_t*) a = sz - 5;
-                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 4, p, sz - 4);
+        } else {
+                uint32_t u32;
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 4;
+                switch (type) {
 
-        } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
-                *(uint8_t*) a = sz - 1;
-                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, p, sz - 1);
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+                        /* To make things easy we'll serialize a NULL string
+                         * into the empty string */
+                        p = strempty(p);
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 1;
-        } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD) {
-                *(uint32_t*) a = fdi;
+                        /* Fall through... */
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = a;
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-                m->n_fds ++;
+                        align = 4;
+                        sz = 4 + strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
 
-        } else {
-                memcpy(a, p, sz);
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = a;
+                        p = strempty(p);
+
+                        align = 1;
+                        sz = 1 + strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
+
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+
+                        u32 = p && *(int*) p;
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
+
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
+
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
+
+                        fd = message_push_fd(m, *(int*) p);
+                        if (fd < 0)
+                                return fd;
+
+                        u32 = m->n_fds;
+                        p = &u32;
+
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
+
+                default:
+                        align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
+                        sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                assert(align > 0);
+                assert(sz > 0);
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING || type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
+                        *(uint32_t*) a = sz - 5;
+                        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 4, p, sz - 4);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 4;
+
+                } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
+                        *(uint8_t*) a = sz - 1;
+                        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, p, sz - 1);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 1;
+                } else {
+                        memcpy(a, p, sz);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = a;
+                }
         }
 
+        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD)
+                m->n_fds ++;
+
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
 
+        fd = -1;
         return 0;
-
-fail:
-        if (fd >= 0)
-                close_nointr_nofail(fd);
-
-        return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p) {
         return message_append_basic(m, type, p, NULL);
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_string_space(sd_bus_message *m, size_t size, char **s) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_space(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                size_t size,
+                char **s) {
+
         struct bus_container *c;
         void *a;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!s)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(s, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
 
@@ -1590,12 +1467,20 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_string_space(sd_bus_message *m, size_t size, char **s)
                 }
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4 + size + 1);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, size + 1, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                *s = a;
+        } else {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4 + size + 1, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        *(uint32_t*) a = size;
-        *s = (char*) a + 4;
+                *(uint32_t*) a = size;
+                *s = (char*) a + 4;
+        }
 
         (*s)[size] = 0;
 
@@ -1605,30 +1490,61 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_string_space(sd_bus_message *m, size_t size, char **s)
         return 0;
 }
 
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_iovec(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                const struct iovec *iov,
+                unsigned n) {
+
+        size_t size;
+        unsigned i;
+        char *p;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(iov || n == 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
+
+        size = IOVEC_TOTAL_SIZE(iov, n);
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_append_string_space(m, size, &p);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+
+                if (iov[i].iov_base)
+                        memcpy(p, iov[i].iov_base, iov[i].iov_len);
+                else
+                        memset(p, ' ', iov[i].iov_len);
+
+                p += iov[i].iov_len;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static int bus_message_open_array(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
                 const char *contents,
-                uint32_t **array_size) {
+                uint32_t **array_size,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
         unsigned nindex;
-        void *a, *op;
-        int alignment;
-        size_t os;
-        struct bus_body_part *o;
+        int alignment, r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
         assert(array_size);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_single(contents, true))
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
-        if (alignment < 0)
-                return alignment;
-
         if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index]) {
 
                 /* Verify the existing signature */
@@ -1657,27 +1573,53 @@ static int bus_message_open_array(
                 nindex = e - c->signature;
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
 
-        o = m->body_end;
-        op = m->body_end->data;
-        os = m->body_end->size;
+                /* Add alignment padding and add to offset list */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        /* Add alignment between size and first element */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                void *a, *op;
+                size_t os;
+                struct bus_body_part *o;
+
+                alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                o = m->body_end;
+                op = m->body_end->data;
+                os = m->body_end->size;
+
+                /* Add alignment between size and first element */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                /* location of array size might have changed so let's readjust a */
+                if (o == m->body_end)
+                        a = adjust_pointer(a, op, os, m->body_end->data);
+
+                *(uint32_t*) a = 0;
+                *array_size = a;
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index = nindex;
 
-        /* location of array size might have changed so let's readjust a */
-        if (o == m->body_end)
-                a = adjust_pointer(a, op, os, m->body_end->data);
-
-        *(uint32_t*) a = 0;
-        *array_size = a;
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1686,9 +1628,6 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
                 struct bus_container *c,
                 const char *contents) {
 
-        size_t l;
-        void *a;
-
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
@@ -1717,13 +1656,24 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
                 }
         }
 
-        l = strlen(contents);
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l + 1);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                /* Variants are always aligned to 8 */
 
-        *(uint8_t*) a = l;
-        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, contents, l + 1);
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+        } else {
+                size_t l;
+                void *a;
+
+                l = strlen(contents);
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                *(uint8_t*) a = l;
+                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, contents, l + 1);
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
@@ -1734,13 +1684,18 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
 static int bus_message_open_struct(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
         size_t nindex;
+        int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_valid(contents, false))
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1771,9 +1726,27 @@ static int bus_message_open_struct(
                 nindex = e - c->signature;
         }
 
-        /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                int alignment;
+
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index = nindex;
@@ -1784,13 +1757,17 @@ static int bus_message_open_struct(
 static int bus_message_open_dict_entry(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
-        size_t nindex;
+        int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_pair(contents))
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1807,22 +1784,35 @@ static int bus_message_open_dict_entry(
                     !startswith(c->signature + c->index + 1, contents) ||
                     c->signature[c->index + 1 + l] != SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_END)
                         return -ENXIO;
-
-                nindex = c->index + 1 + l + 1;
         } else
                 return -ENXIO;
 
-        /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                int alignment;
 
-        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                c->index = nindex;
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_open_container(
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 char type,
                 const char *contents) {
@@ -1830,17 +1820,14 @@ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         struct bus_container *c, *w;
         uint32_t *array_size = NULL;
         char *signature;
-        size_t before;
+        size_t before, begin;
+        bool need_offsets = false;
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!contents)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(contents, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         /* Make sure we have space for one more container */
         w = realloc(m->containers, sizeof(struct bus_container) * (m->n_containers + 1));
@@ -1865,13 +1852,13 @@ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         before = m->header->body_size;
 
         if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                r = bus_message_open_array(m, c, contents, &array_size);
+                r = bus_message_open_array(m, c, contents, &array_size, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
                 r = bus_message_open_variant(m, c, contents);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
-                r = bus_message_open_struct(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_open_struct(m, c, contents, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
-                r = bus_message_open_dict_entry(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_open_dict_entry(m, c, contents, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else
                 r = -EINVAL;
 
@@ -1887,32 +1874,232 @@ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         w->index = 0;
         w->array_size = array_size;
         w->before = before;
-        w->begin = m->rindex;
+        w->begin = begin;
+        w->n_offsets = w->n_allocated = 0;
+        w->offsets = NULL;
+        w->need_offsets = need_offsets;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int bus_message_close_array(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c) {
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+
+        if (!m->is_gvariant)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (c->need_offsets) {
+                uint8_t *a;
+                unsigned i;
+                size_t sz;
+
+                /* Variable-width arrays */
+
+                sz = c->n_offsets > 0 ? c->offsets[c->n_offsets-1] - c->begin : 0;
+                if (sz + c->n_offsets <= 0xFF) {
+                        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, c->n_offsets, true);
+                        if (!a)
+                                return -ENOMEM;
+
+                        for (i = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++)
+                                a[i] = (uint8_t) (c->offsets[i] - c->begin);
+
+                } else if (sz + c->n_offsets*2 <= 0xFFFF) {
+                        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, c->n_offsets * 2, true);
+                        if (!a)
+                                return -ENOMEM;
+
+                        for (i = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++) {
+                                uint16_t x = htole16((uint16_t) (c->offsets[i] - c->begin));
+                                memcpy(a + (i*2), &x, 2);
+                        }
+
+                } else if (sz + c->n_offsets*4 <= 0xFFFFFFFF) {
+                        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, c->n_offsets * 4, true);
+                        if (!a)
+                                return -ENOMEM;
+
+                        for (i = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++) {
+                                uint32_t x = htole32((uint32_t) (c->offsets[i] - c->begin));
+                                memcpy(a + (i*4), &x, 4);
+                        }
+                } else {
+                        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, c->n_offsets * 8, true);
+                        if (!a)
+                                return -ENOMEM;
+
+                        for (i = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++) {
+                                uint64_t x = htole64((uint64_t) (c->offsets[i] - c->begin));
+                                memcpy(a + (i*8), &x, 8);
+                        }
+                }
+
+        } else {
+                void *a;
+
+                /* Fixed-width or empty arrays */
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 0, true); /* let's add offset to parent */
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_close_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
+static int bus_message_close_variant(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c) {
+        uint8_t *a;
+        size_t l;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+
+        if (!m->is_gvariant)
+                return 0;
+
+        l = strlen(c->signature);
+
+        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l, true);
+        if (!a)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        a[0] = 0;
+        memcpy(a+1, c->signature, l);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int bus_message_close_struct(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c, bool add_offset) {
+        size_t n_variable = 0;
+        unsigned i = 0;
+        const char *p;
+        uint8_t *a;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+
+        if (!m->is_gvariant)
+                return 0;
+
+        p = c->signature;
+        while (*p != 0) {
+                size_t n;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(p, &n);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else {
+                        char t[n+1];
+
+                        memcpy(t, p, n);
+                        t[n] = 0;
+
+                        r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(t);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                }
+
+                assert(i <= c->n_offsets);
+
+                /* We need to add an offset for each item that has a
+                 * variable size and that is not the last one in the
+                 * list */
+                if (r == 0 && p[n] != 0)
+                        n_variable++;
+                else
+                        c->offsets[i] = (size_t) -1;
+
+                i++;
+                p += n;
+        }
+
+        if (n_variable <= 0) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 0, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        } else {
+                size_t sz, z;
+                unsigned j;
+
+                assert(c->offsets[c->n_offsets-1] == m->header->body_size ||
+                       c->offsets[c->n_offsets-1] == (size_t) -1);
+
+                sz = m->header->body_size - c->begin;
+                if (sz + n_variable <= 0xFF)
+                        z = 1;
+                else if (sz + (n_variable)*2 <= 0xFFFF)
+                        z = 2;
+                else if (sz + (n_variable)*4 <= 0xFFFFFFFF)
+                        z = 4;
+                else
+                        z = 8;
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, z * n_variable, add_offset);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                for (i = 0, j = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++) {
+                        size_t v;
+                        unsigned k;
+
+                        if (c->offsets[i] == (size_t) -1)
+                                continue;
+
+                        v = c->offsets[i] - c->begin;
+                        k = n_variable - 1 - j;
+
+                        if (z == 1)
+                                ((uint8_t*) a)[k] = (uint8_t) v;
+                        else if (z == 2) {
+                                uint16_t x = htole16((uint16_t) v);
+                                memcpy(a + k * 2, &x, 2);
+                        } else if (z == 4) {
+                                uint32_t x = htole32((uint32_t) v);
+                                memcpy(a + k * 4, &x, 4);
+                        } else if (z == 8) {
+                                uint64_t x = htole64((uint64_t) v);
+                                memcpy(a + k * 8, &x, 8);
+                        } else
+                                assert_not_reached("Wrong offset width");
+
+                        j++;
+                }
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_close_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
         struct bus_container *c;
+        int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->n_containers <= 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(m->n_containers > 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
+
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-        free(c->signature);
         m->n_containers--;
 
-        return 0;
+        if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
+                r = bus_message_close_array(m, c);
+        else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
+                r = bus_message_close_variant(m, c);
+        else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT || c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
+                r = bus_message_close_struct(m, c, true);
+        else
+                assert_not_reached("Unknown container type");
+
+        free(c->signature);
+        return r;
 }
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -2148,21 +2335,17 @@ int bus_message_append_ap(
                         return r;
         }
 
-        return 0;
+        return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
-        va_list ap;
-        int r;
-
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
-        if (!types)
-                return 0;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
+        va_list ap;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(types, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         va_start(ap, types);
         r = bus_message_append_ap(m, types, ap);
@@ -2171,21 +2354,21 @@ int sd_bus_message_append(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
         return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(sd_bus_message *m, char type, size_t size, void **ptr) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                char type,
+                size_t size,
+                void **ptr) {
+
         ssize_t align, sz;
         void *a;
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!bus_type_is_trivial(type))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ptr && size > 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ptr || size == 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
         sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
@@ -2200,7 +2383,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(sd_bus_message *m, char type, size_t size,
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, size);
+        a = message_extend_body(m, align, size, false);
         if (!a)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -2212,12 +2395,18 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(sd_bus_message *m, char type, size_t size,
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_array(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *ptr, size_t size) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                         char type,
+                                         const void *ptr,
+                                         size_t size) {
         int r;
         void *p;
 
-        if (!ptr && size > 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ptr || size == 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
         r = sd_bus_message_append_array_space(m, type, size, &p);
         if (r < 0)
@@ -2229,7 +2418,45 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_array(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *ptr, s
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, char type, sd_memfd *memfd) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_iovec(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                char type,
+                const struct iovec *iov,
+                unsigned n) {
+
+        size_t size;
+        unsigned i;
+        void *p;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(iov || n == 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
+
+        size = IOVEC_TOTAL_SIZE(iov, n);
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_append_array_space(m, type, size, &p);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+
+                if (iov[i].iov_base)
+                        memcpy(p, iov[i].iov_base, iov[i].iov_len);
+                else
+                        memset(p, 0, iov[i].iov_len);
+
+                p = (uint8_t*) p + iov[i].iov_len;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                               char type,
+                                               sd_memfd *memfd) {
         _cleanup_close_ int copy_fd = -1;
         struct bus_body_part *part;
         ssize_t align, sz;
@@ -2276,7 +2503,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, char type, sd_memfd *me
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, 0);
+        a = message_extend_body(m, align, 0, false);
         if (!a)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -2295,7 +2522,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, char type, sd_memfd *me
         return sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *memfd) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *memfd) {
         _cleanup_close_ int copy_fd = -1;
         struct bus_body_part *part;
         struct bus_container *c;
@@ -2347,11 +2574,13 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *memfd) {
                 }
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (!m->is_gvariant) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        *(uint32_t*) a = size - 1;
+                *(uint32_t*) a = size - 1;
+        }
 
         part = message_append_part(m);
         if (!part)
@@ -2362,8 +2591,16 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *memfd) {
         part->size = size;
         copy_fd = -1;
 
-        message_extend_containers(m, size);
         m->header->body_size += size;
+        message_extend_containers(m, size);
+
+        if (m->is_gvariant) {
+                r = message_add_offset(m, m->header->body_size);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        m->poisoned = true;
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+                }
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
@@ -2371,7 +2608,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *memfd) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_append_strv(sd_bus_message *m, char **l) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_strv(sd_bus_message *m, char **l) {
         char **i;
         int r;
 
@@ -2477,6 +2714,15 @@ static int buffer_peek(const void *p, uint32_t sz, size_t *rindex, size_t align,
         return 1;
 }
 
+static bool message_end_of_signature(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        struct bus_container *c;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+        return !c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0;
+}
+
 static bool message_end_of_array(sd_bus_message *m, size_t index) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
@@ -2489,6 +2735,22 @@ static bool message_end_of_array(sd_bus_message *m, size_t index) {
         return index >= c->begin + BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
 }
 
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_at_end(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+
+        if (complete && m->n_containers > 0)
+                return false;
+
+        if (message_end_of_signature(m))
+                return true;
+
+        if (message_end_of_array(m, m->rindex))
+                return true;
+
+        return false;
+}
+
 static struct bus_body_part* find_part(sd_bus_message *m, size_t index, size_t sz, void **p) {
         struct bus_body_part *part;
         size_t begin;
@@ -2626,25 +2888,22 @@ static bool validate_object_path(const char *s, size_t l) {
         return true;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
         struct bus_container *c;
-        int r;
         void *q;
+        int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!bus_type_is_basic(type))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!p)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_basic(type), -EINVAL);
 
-        c = message_get_container(m);
+        if (message_end_of_signature(m))
+                return -ENXIO;
 
-        if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
+        if (message_end_of_array(m, m->rindex))
                 return 0;
 
+        c = message_get_container(m);
         if (c->signature[c->index] != type)
                 return -ENXIO;
 
@@ -2676,7 +2935,9 @@ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
                 }
 
                 m->rindex = rindex;
-                *(const char**) p = q;
+                if (p)
+                        *(const char**) p = q;
+
                 break;
         }
 
@@ -2700,7 +2961,9 @@ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
                         return -EBADMSG;
 
                 m->rindex = rindex;
-                *(const char**) p = q;
+
+                if (p)
+                        *(const char**) p = q;
                 break;
         }
 
@@ -2720,27 +2983,32 @@ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
                 switch (type) {
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
-                        *(uint8_t*) p = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                        if (p)
+                                *(uint8_t*) p = *(uint8_t*) q;
                         break;
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-                        *(int*) p = !!*(uint32_t*) q;
+                        if (p)
+                                *(int*) p = !!*(uint32_t*) q;
                         break;
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
-                        *(uint16_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP16(m, *(uint16_t*) q);
+                        if (p)
+                                *(uint16_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP16(m, *(uint16_t*) q);
                         break;
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
-                        *(uint32_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                        if (p)
+                                *(uint32_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
                         break;
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-                        *(uint64_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP64(m, *(uint64_t*) q);
+                        if (p)
+                                *(uint64_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP64(m, *(uint64_t*) q);
                         break;
 
                 case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
@@ -2750,7 +3018,8 @@ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
                         if (j >= m->n_fds)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        *(int*) p = m->fds[j];
+                        if (p)
+                                *(int*) p = m->fds[j];
                         break;
                 }
 
@@ -2950,19 +3219,37 @@ static int bus_message_enter_dict_entry(
         return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *contents) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                            char type,
+                                            const char *contents) {
         struct bus_container *c, *w;
         uint32_t *array_size = NULL;
         char *signature;
         size_t before;
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!contents)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(type != 0 || !contents, -EINVAL);
+
+        if (type == 0 || !contents) {
+                const char *cc;
+                char tt;
+
+                /* Allow entering into anonymous containers */
+                r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &tt, &cc);
+                if (r <= 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                if (type != 0 && type != tt)
+                        return -ENXIO;
+
+                if (contents && !streq(contents, cc))
+                        return -ENXIO;
+
+                type = tt;
+                contents = cc;
+        }
 
         /*
          * We enforce a global limit on container depth, that is much
@@ -2988,11 +3275,14 @@ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *con
                 return -ENOMEM;
         m->containers = w;
 
-        c = message_get_container(m);
+        if (message_end_of_signature(m))
+                return -ENXIO;
 
-        if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
+        if (message_end_of_array(m, m->rindex))
                 return 0;
 
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
         signature = strdup(contents);
         if (!signature)
                 return -ENOMEM;
@@ -3028,15 +3318,12 @@ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *con
         return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_exit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_exit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->n_containers <= 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(m->n_containers > 0, -ENXIO);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
         if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
@@ -3048,7 +3335,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_exit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
         } else {
                 if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
-                        return -EINVAL;
+                        return -EBUSY;
         }
 
         free(c->signature);
@@ -3079,23 +3366,21 @@ static void message_quit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
         c->index = c->saved_index;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_peek_type(sd_bus_message *m, char *type, const char **contents) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_peek_type(sd_bus_message *m, char *type, const char **contents) {
         struct bus_container *c;
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-
-        c = message_get_container(m);
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
 
-        if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
+        if (message_end_of_signature(m))
                 goto eof;
 
         if (message_end_of_array(m, m->rindex))
                 goto eof;
 
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
         if (bus_type_is_basic(c->signature[c->index])) {
                 if (contents)
                         *contents = NULL;
@@ -3195,19 +3480,17 @@ int sd_bus_message_peek_type(sd_bus_message *m, char *type, const char **content
 
 eof:
         if (type)
-                *type = c->enclosing;
+                *type = 0;
         if (contents)
                 *contents = NULL;
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_rewind(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_rewind(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
 
         if (complete) {
                 message_reset_containers(m);
@@ -3224,6 +3507,7 @@ int sd_bus_message_rewind(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
 
         return !isempty(c->signature);
 }
+
 static int message_read_ap(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 const char *types,
@@ -3232,11 +3516,12 @@ static int message_read_ap(
         unsigned n_array, n_struct;
         TypeStack stack[BUS_CONTAINER_DEPTH];
         unsigned stack_ptr = 0;
+        unsigned n_loop = 0;
         int r;
 
         assert(m);
 
-        if (!types)
+        if (isempty(types))
                 return 0;
 
         /* Ideally, we'd just call ourselves recursively on every
@@ -3246,12 +3531,14 @@ static int message_read_ap(
          * in a single stackframe. We hence implement our own
          * home-grown stack in an array. */
 
-        n_array = (unsigned) -1;
-        n_struct = strlen(types);
+        n_array = (unsigned) -1; /* lenght of current array entries */
+        n_struct = strlen(types); /* length of current struct contents signature */
 
         for (;;) {
                 const char *t;
 
+                n_loop++;
+
                 if (n_array == 0 || (n_array == (unsigned) -1 && n_struct == 0)) {
                         r = type_stack_pop(stack, ELEMENTSOF(stack), &stack_ptr, &types, &n_struct, &n_array);
                         if (r < 0)
@@ -3295,8 +3582,12 @@ static int message_read_ap(
                         r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, *t, p);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
-                        if (r == 0)
+                        if (r == 0) {
+                                if (n_loop <= 1)
+                                        return 0;
+
                                 return -ENXIO;
+                        }
 
                         break;
                 }
@@ -3316,8 +3607,12 @@ static int message_read_ap(
                                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, s);
                                 if (r < 0)
                                         return r;
-                                if (r == 0)
+                                if (r == 0) {
+                                        if (n_loop <= 1)
+                                                return 0;
+
                                         return -ENXIO;
+                                }
                         }
 
                         if (n_array == (unsigned) -1) {
@@ -3346,8 +3641,12 @@ static int message_read_ap(
                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, s);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
-                        if (r == 0)
+                        if (r == 0) {
+                                if (n_loop <= 1)
+                                        return 0;
+
                                 return -ENXIO;
+                        }
 
                         r = type_stack_push(stack, ELEMENTSOF(stack), &stack_ptr, types, n_struct, n_array);
                         if (r < 0)
@@ -3376,8 +3675,11 @@ static int message_read_ap(
                                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, *t == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT_BEGIN ? SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT : SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, s);
                                 if (r < 0)
                                         return r;
-                                if (r == 0)
+                                if (r == 0) {
+                                        if (n_loop <= 1)
+                                                return 0;
                                         return -ENXIO;
+                                }
                         }
 
                         if (n_array == (unsigned) -1) {
@@ -3404,16 +3706,13 @@ static int message_read_ap(
         return 1;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_read(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_read(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
         va_list ap;
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!types)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(types, -EINVAL);
 
         va_start(ap, types);
         r = message_read_ap(m, types, ap);
@@ -3422,25 +3721,164 @@ int sd_bus_message_read(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
         return r;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_read_array(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void **ptr, size_t *size) {
-        struct bus_container *c;
-        void *p;
-        size_t sz;
-        ssize_t align;
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_skip(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types) {
         int r;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (!bus_type_is_trivial(type))
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!ptr)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!size)
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(types, -EINVAL);
+
+        if (isempty(types))
+                return 0;
+
+        switch (*types) {
+
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, *types, NULL);
+                if (r <= 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, types + 1);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return 1;
+
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
+                size_t k;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(types + 1, &k);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                {
+                        char s[k+1];
+                        memcpy(s, types+1, k);
+                        s[k] = 0;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, s);
+                        if (r <= 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        for (;;) {
+                                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, s);
+                                if (r < 0)
+                                        return r;
+                                if (r == 0)
+                                        break;
+                        }
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                }
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, types + 1 + k);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return 1;
+        }
+
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT: {
+                const char *contents;
+                char x;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &x, &contents);
+                if (r <= 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                if (x != SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
+                        return -ENXIO;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, contents);
+                if (r <= 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                assert(r != 0);
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, types + 1);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return 1;
+        }
+
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT_BEGIN:
+        case SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_BEGIN: {
+                size_t k;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(types, &k);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                {
+                        char s[k-1];
+                        memcpy(s, types+1, k-2);
+                        s[k-2] = 0;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, *types == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT_BEGIN ? SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT : SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, s);
+                        if (r <= 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, s);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                        assert(r != 0);
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                }
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, types + k);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return 1;
+        }
+
+        default:
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (BUS_MESSAGE_NEED_BSWAP(m))
-                return -ENOTSUP;
+        }
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_read_array(sd_bus_message *m,
+                                       char type,
+                                       const void **ptr,
+                                       size_t *size) {
+        struct bus_container *c;
+        void *p;
+        size_t sz;
+        ssize_t align;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ptr, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(size, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!BUS_MESSAGE_NEED_BSWAP(m), -ENOTSUP);
 
         align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
         if (align < 0)
@@ -3453,12 +3891,18 @@ int sd_bus_message_read_array(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void **ptr, si
         c = message_get_container(m);
         sz = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
 
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, align, sz, &p);
-        if (r < 0)
-                goto fail;
-        if (r == 0) {
-                r = -EBADMSG;
-                goto fail;
+        if (sz == 0)
+                /* Zero length array, let's return some aligned
+                 * pointer that is not NULL */
+                p = (uint8_t*) NULL + align;
+        else {
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, align, sz, &p);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        goto fail;
+                if (r == 0) {
+                        r = -EBADMSG;
+                        goto fail;
+                }
         }
 
         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
@@ -3735,10 +4179,10 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         return r;
 
                 switch (*header) {
-                case _SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INVALID:
+                case _BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INVALID:
                         return -EBADMSG;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH:
 
                         if (m->path)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3749,7 +4193,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, object_path_is_valid, &ri, &m->path);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE:
 
                         if (m->interface)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3760,7 +4204,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, interface_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->interface);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER:
 
                         if (m->member)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3771,7 +4215,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, member_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->member);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME:
 
                         if (m->error.name)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3780,9 +4224,12 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, error_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->error.name);
+                        if (r >= 0)
+                                m->error._need_free = -1;
+
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION:
 
                         if (m->destination)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3793,7 +4240,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, service_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->destination);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SENDER:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SENDER:
 
                         if (m->sender)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3802,10 +4249,16 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
                         r = message_peek_field_string(m, service_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->sender);
+
+                        if (r >= 0 && m->sender[0] == ':' && m->bus && m->bus->bus_client && !m->bus->is_kernel) {
+                                m->creds.unique_name = (char*) m->sender;
+                                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_UNIQUE_NAME & m->bus->creds_mask;
+                        }
+
                         break;
 
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE: {
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE: {
                         const char *s;
                         char *c;
 
@@ -3828,7 +4281,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         break;
                 }
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL:
                         if (m->reply_serial != 0)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
@@ -3844,7 +4297,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS:
                         if (unix_fds != 0)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
@@ -3876,25 +4329,25 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
         switch (m->header->type) {
 
-        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL:
+        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_SIGNAL:
                 if (!m->path || !m->interface || !m->member)
                         return -EBADMSG;
                 break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL:
+        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL:
 
                 if (!m->path || !m->member)
                         return -EBADMSG;
 
                 break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_RETURN:
+        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN:
 
                 if (m->reply_serial == 0)
                         return -EBADMSG;
                 break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR:
+        case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR:
 
                 if (m->reply_serial == 0 || !m->error.name)
                         return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3902,12 +4355,58 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
         }
 
         /* Try to read the error message, but if we can't it's a non-issue */
-        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR)
+        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR)
                 sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &m->error.message);
 
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int bus_message_close_header(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        uint8_t *a;
+        size_t z, i;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (!m->is_gvariant)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (m->n_header_offsets <= 1)
+                return 0;
+
+        assert(m->header->fields_size == m->header_offsets[m->n_header_offsets-1]);
+
+        if (m->header->fields_size + m->n_header_offsets <= 0xFF)
+                z = 1;
+        else if (m->header->fields_size + 2*m->n_header_offsets <= 0xFFFF)
+                z = 2;
+        else if (m->header->fields_size + 4*m->n_header_offsets <= 0xFFFFFFFF)
+                z = 4;
+        else
+                z = 8;
+
+        a = message_extend_fields(m, 1, z * m->n_header_offsets, false);
+        if (!a)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < m->n_header_offsets; i++) {
+                if (z == 1)
+                        ((uint8_t*) a)[i] = (uint8_t) m->header_offsets[i];
+                else if (z == 2) {
+                        uint16_t x = htole16((uint16_t) m->header_offsets[i]);
+                        memcpy(a + 2*i, &x, 2);
+                } else if (z == 4) {
+                        uint32_t x = htole32((uint32_t) m->header_offsets[i]);
+                        memcpy(a + 4*i, &x, 4);
+                } else if (z == 8) {
+                        uint64_t x = htole64((uint64_t) m->header_offsets[i]);
+                        memcpy(a + 8*i, &x, 8);
+                } else
+                        assert_not_reached("unknown type");
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 int bus_message_seal(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t serial) {
         struct bus_body_part *part;
         size_t l, a;
@@ -3925,19 +4424,35 @@ int bus_message_seal(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t serial) {
         if (m->poisoned)
                 return -ESTALE;
 
+        /* In vtables the return signature of method calls is listed,
+         * let's check if they match if this is a response */
+        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN &&
+            m->enforced_reply_signature &&
+            !streq(strempty(m->root_container.signature), m->enforced_reply_signature))
+                return -ENOMSG;
+
+        /* If gvariant marshalling is used we need to close the body structure */
+        r = bus_message_close_struct(m, &m->root_container, false);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         /* If there's a non-trivial signature set, then add it in here */
         if (!isempty(m->root_container.signature)) {
-                r = message_append_field_signature(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE, m->root_container.signature, NULL);
+                r = message_append_field_signature(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE, m->root_container.signature, NULL);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
         }
 
         if (m->n_fds > 0) {
-                r = message_append_field_uint32(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS, m->n_fds);
+                r = message_append_field_uint32(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS, m->n_fds);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
         }
 
+        r = bus_message_close_header(m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         /* Add padding at the end of the fields part, since we know
          * the body needs to start at an 8 byte alignment. We made
          * sure we allocated enough space for this, so all we need to
@@ -3966,277 +4481,13 @@ int bus_message_seal(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t serial) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *destination) {
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!destination)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-        if (m->destination)
-                return -EEXIST;
-
-        return message_append_field_string(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &m->destination);
-}
-
-int bus_message_dump(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        const char *u = NULL, *uu = NULL, *s = NULL;
-        char **cmdline = NULL;
-        unsigned level = 1;
-        int r;
-        uid_t owner, audit_loginuid;
-        uint32_t audit_sessionid;
-
-        assert(m);
-
-        printf("Message %p\n"
-               "\tn_ref=%u\n"
-               "\tendian=%c\n"
-               "\ttype=%i\n"
-               "\tflags=%u\n"
-               "\tversion=%u\n"
-               "\tserial=%u\n"
-               "\tfields_size=%u\n"
-               "\tbody_size=%u\n"
-               "\tpath=%s\n"
-               "\tinterface=%s\n"
-               "\tmember=%s\n"
-               "\tdestination=%s\n"
-               "\tsender=%s\n"
-               "\tsignature=%s\n"
-               "\treply_serial=%u\n"
-               "\terror.name=%s\n"
-               "\terror.message=%s\n"
-               "\tsealed=%s\n"
-               "\tn_body_parts=%u\n",
-               m,
-               m->n_ref,
-               m->header->endian,
-               m->header->type,
-               m->header->flags,
-               m->header->version,
-               BUS_MESSAGE_SERIAL(m),
-               BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m),
-               BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m),
-               strna(m->path),
-               strna(m->interface),
-               strna(m->member),
-               strna(m->destination),
-               strna(m->sender),
-               strna(m->root_container.signature),
-               m->reply_serial,
-               strna(m->error.name),
-               strna(m->error.message),
-               yes_no(m->sealed),
-               m->n_body_parts);
-
-        if (m->pid != 0)
-                printf("\tpid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) m->pid);
-        if (m->tid != 0)
-                printf("\ttid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) m->tid);
-        if (m->uid_valid)
-                printf("\tuid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) m->uid);
-        if (m->gid_valid)
-                printf("\tgid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) m->gid);
-        if (m->pid_starttime != 0)
-                printf("\tpid_starttime=%llu\n", (unsigned long long) m->pid_starttime);
-        if (m->monotonic != 0)
-                printf("\tmonotonic=%llu\n", (unsigned long long) m->monotonic);
-        if (m->realtime != 0)
-                printf("\trealtime=%llu\n", (unsigned long long) m->realtime);
-        if (m->exe)
-                printf("\texe=[%s]\n", m->exe);
-        if (m->comm)
-                printf("\tcomm=[%s]\n", m->comm);
-        if (m->tid_comm)
-                printf("\ttid_comm=[%s]\n", m->tid_comm);
-        if (m->label)
-                printf("\tlabel=[%s]\n", m->label);
-        if (m->cgroup)
-                printf("\tcgroup=[%s]\n", m->cgroup);
-
-        sd_bus_message_get_unit(m, &u);
-        if (u)
-                printf("\tunit=[%s]\n", u);
-        sd_bus_message_get_user_unit(m, &uu);
-        if (uu)
-                printf("\tuser_unit=[%s]\n", uu);
-        sd_bus_message_get_session(m, &s);
-        if (s)
-                printf("\tsession=[%s]\n", s);
-        if (sd_bus_message_get_owner_uid(m, &owner) >= 0)
-                printf("\towner_uid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) owner);
-        if (sd_bus_message_get_audit_loginuid(m, &audit_loginuid) >= 0)
-                printf("\taudit_loginuid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) audit_loginuid);
-        if (sd_bus_message_get_audit_sessionid(m, &audit_sessionid) >= 0)
-                printf("\taudit_sessionid=%lu\n", (unsigned long) audit_sessionid);
-
-        printf("\tCAP_KILL=%i\n", sd_bus_message_has_effective_cap(m, 5));
-
-        if (sd_bus_message_get_cmdline(m, &cmdline) >= 0) {
-                char **c;
-
-                fputs("\tcmdline=[", stdout);
-                STRV_FOREACH(c, cmdline) {
-                        if (c != cmdline)
-                                putchar(' ');
-
-                        fputs(*c, stdout);
-                }
-
-                fputs("]\n", stdout);
-        }
-
-        r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_error("Failed to rewind: %s", strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
-
-        printf("BEGIN_MESSAGE \"%s\" {\n", strempty(m->root_container.signature));
-
-        for(;;) {
-                _cleanup_free_ char *prefix = NULL;
-                const char *contents = NULL;
-                char type;
-                union {
-                        uint8_t u8;
-                        uint16_t u16;
-                        int16_t s16;
-                        uint32_t u32;
-                        int32_t s32;
-                        uint64_t u64;
-                        int64_t s64;
-                        double d64;
-                        const char *string;
-                        int i;
-                } basic;
-
-                r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, &contents);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error("Failed to peek type: %s", strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-                if (r == 0) {
-                        if (level <= 1)
-                                break;
-
-                        r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_error("Failed to exit container: %s", strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        level--;
-
-                        prefix = strrep("\t", level);
-                        if (!prefix)
-                                return log_oom();
-
-                        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                                printf("%s} END_ARRAY \n", prefix);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
-                                printf("%s} END_VARIANT\n", prefix);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
-                                printf("%s} END_STRUCT\n", prefix);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
-                                printf("%s} END_DICT_ENTRY\n", prefix);
-
-                        continue;
-                }
-
-                prefix = strrep("\t", level);
-                if (!prefix)
-                        return log_oom();
-
-                if (bus_type_is_container(type) > 0) {
-                        r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, type, contents);
-                        if (r < 0) {
-                                log_error("Failed to enter container: %s", strerror(-r));
-                                return r;
-                        }
-
-                        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                                printf("%sBEGIN_ARRAY \"%s\" {\n", prefix, contents);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
-                                printf("%sBEGIN_VARIANT \"%s\" {\n", prefix, contents);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
-                                printf("%sBEGIN_STRUCT \"%s\" {\n", prefix, contents);
-                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
-                                printf("%sBEGIN_DICT_ENTRY \"%s\" {\n", prefix, contents);
-
-                        level ++;
-
-                        continue;
-                }
-
-                r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &basic);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        log_error("Failed to get basic: %s", strerror(-r));
-                        return r;
-                }
-
-                switch (type) {
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
-                        printf("%sBYTE: %u\n", prefix, basic.u8);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-                        printf("%sBOOLEAN: %s\n", prefix, yes_no(basic.i));
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
-                        printf("%sINT16: %i\n", prefix, basic.s16);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
-                        printf("%sUINT16: %u\n", prefix, basic.u16);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
-                        printf("%sINT32: %i\n", prefix, basic.s32);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
-                        printf("%sUINT32: %u\n", prefix, basic.u32);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
-                        printf("%sINT64: %lli\n", prefix, (long long) basic.s64);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
-                        printf("%sUINT64: %llu\n", prefix, (unsigned long long) basic.u64);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-                        printf("%sDOUBLE: %g\n", prefix, basic.d64);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
-                        printf("%sSTRING: \"%s\"\n", prefix, basic.string);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
-                        printf("%sOBJECT_PATH: \"%s\"\n", prefix, basic.string);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
-                        printf("%sSIGNATURE: \"%s\"\n", prefix, basic.string);
-                        break;
-
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
-                        printf("%sUNIX_FD: %i\n", prefix, basic.i);
-                        break;
-
-                default:
-                        assert_not_reached("Unknown basic type.");
-                }
-        }
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *destination) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(destination, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(!m->destination, -EEXIST);
 
-        printf("} END_MESSAGE\n");
-        return 0;
+        return message_append_field_string(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &m->destination);
 }
 
 int bus_message_get_blob(sd_bus_message *m, void **buffer, size_t *sz) {
@@ -4274,7 +4525,7 @@ int bus_message_read_strv_extend(sd_bus_message *m, char ***l) {
         assert(l);
 
         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
-        if (r < 0)
+        if (r <= 0)
                 return r;
 
         for (;;) {
@@ -4295,7 +4546,25 @@ int bus_message_read_strv_extend(sd_bus_message *m, char ***l) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return 0;
+        return 1;
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_read_strv(sd_bus_message *m, char ***l) {
+        char **strv = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(l, -EINVAL);
+
+        r = bus_message_read_strv_extend(m, &strv);
+        if (r <= 0) {
+                strv_free(strv);
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        *l = strv;
+        return 1;
 }
 
 const char* bus_message_get_arg(sd_bus_message *m, unsigned i) {
@@ -4339,7 +4608,7 @@ bool bus_header_is_complete(struct bus_header *h, size_t size) {
                 return false;
 
         full = sizeof(struct bus_header) +
-                (h->endian == SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN ? h->fields_size : bswap_32(h->fields_size));
+                (h->endian == BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN ? h->fields_size : bswap_32(h->fields_size));
 
         return size >= full;
 }
@@ -4350,10 +4619,10 @@ int bus_header_message_size(struct bus_header *h, size_t *sum) {
         assert(h);
         assert(sum);
 
-        if (h->endian == SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN) {
+        if (h->endian == BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN) {
                 fs = h->fields_size;
                 bs = h->body_size;
-        } else if (h->endian == SD_BUS_REVERSE_ENDIAN) {
+        } else if (h->endian == BUS_REVERSE_ENDIAN) {
                 fs = bswap_32(h->fields_size);
                 bs = bswap_32(h->body_size);
         } else
@@ -4363,24 +4632,130 @@ int bus_header_message_size(struct bus_header *h, size_t *sum) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int bus_message_to_errno(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        assert(m);
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_errno(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_ERROR)
+        if (m->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR)
                 return 0;
 
-        return bus_error_to_errno(&m->error);
+        return sd_bus_error_get_errno(&m->error);
 }
 
-int sd_bus_message_get_signature(sd_bus_message *m, int complete, const char **signature) {
+_public_ const char* sd_bus_message_get_signature(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
-        if (!m)
-                return -EINVAL;
-        if (!signature)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         c = complete ? &m->root_container : message_get_container(m);
-        *signature = c->signature ?: "";
-        return 0;
+        return c->signature ?: "";
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_copy(sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_message *source, int all) {
+        bool done_something = false;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(source, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(source->sealed, -EPERM);
+
+        do {
+                const char *contents;
+                char type;
+                union {
+                        uint8_t u8;
+                        uint16_t u16;
+                        int16_t s16;
+                        uint32_t u32;
+                        int32_t s32;
+                        uint64_t u64;
+                        int64_t s64;
+                        double d64;
+                        const char *string;
+                        int i;
+                } basic;
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(source, &type, &contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                if (r == 0)
+                        break;
+
+                done_something = true;
+
+                if (bus_type_is_container(type) > 0) {
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(source, type, contents);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, type, contents);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_copy(m, source, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(source);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(source, type, &basic);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                assert(r > 0);
+
+                if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH ||
+                    type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE ||
+                    type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING)
+                        r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, type, basic.string);
+                else
+                        r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, type, &basic);
+
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+        } while (all);
+
+        return done_something;
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_verify_type(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *contents) {
+        const char *c;
+        char t;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(!type || bus_type_is_valid(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!contents || signature_is_valid(contents, true), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(type || contents, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!contents || !type || bus_type_is_container(type), -EINVAL);
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &t, &c);
+        if (r <= 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (type != 0 && type != t)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (contents && !streq_ptr(contents, c))
+                return 0;
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+_public_ sd_bus *sd_bus_message_get_bus(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
+
+        return m->bus;
 }