chiark / gitweb /
systemctl add command list-dependencies
[elogind.git] / man / systemctl.xml
index c0b8d7927d10dc6d7e0574ccf0601b9ab1cd2369..f22338371635d170530ba703c43f0805903401ff 100644 (file)
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@
   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
 
   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
 
   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
 
   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
   (at your option) any later version.
 
   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
-  General Public License for more details.
+  Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
 
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 -->
 
   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 -->
 
-<refentry id="systemd-install">
+<refentry id="systemctl">
 
         <refentryinfo>
                 <title>systemctl</title>
 
         <refentryinfo>
                 <title>systemctl</title>
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
         <refnamediv>
                 <refname>systemctl</refname>
 
         <refnamediv>
                 <refname>systemctl</refname>
-                <refpurpose>Control the systemd system and session manager</refpurpose>
+                <refpurpose>Control the systemd system and service manager</refpurpose>
         </refnamediv>
 
         <refsynopsisdiv>
         </refnamediv>
 
         <refsynopsisdiv>
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
                 <para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
                 introspect and control the state of the
                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 <para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
                 introspect and control the state of the
                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
-                system and session manager.</para>
+                system and service manager.</para>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
                                 text and exits.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                                 text and exits.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--version</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Prints a short version
+                                string and exits.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><option>--type=</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-t</option></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><option>--type=</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-t</option></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>When listing units,
-                                limit display to certain unit
-                                types. If not specified units of all
-                                types will be shown. The argument
-                                should be a unit type name such as
-                                <option>service</option>,
-                                <option>socket</option> and
-                                similar.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>The argument should
+                                be a unit type name such as
+                                <option>service</option> and
+                                <option>socket</option>,
+                                or a unit load state such as
+                                <option>loaded</option> and
+                                <option>masked</option>.
+                                </para>
+
+                                <para>If the argument is a unit type,
+                                when listing units, limit display to
+                                certain unit types. If not specified
+                                units of all types will be shown.</para>
+
+                                <para>If the argument is a unit load state,
+                                when listing units, limit display to
+                                certain unit types. If not specified
+                                units of in all load states will be
+                                shown.</para>
+
+                                <para>As a special case, if the argument
+                                is <option>help</option>, a list of
+                                allowed values will be printed and the
+                                program will exit.</para>
+                                </listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><option>-p</option></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>When showing
                                 <term><option>-p</option></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>When showing
-                                unit/job/manager information, limit
-                                display to certain property names. If
-                                not specified all set properties are
+                                unit/job/manager properties, limit
+                                display to certain properties as
+                                specified as argument. If not
+                                specified all set properties are
                                 shown. The argument should be a
                                 property name, such as
                                 shown. The argument should be a
                                 property name, such as
-                                <literal>MainPID</literal>.</para></listitem>
+                                <literal>MainPID</literal>. If
+                                specified more than once all
+                                properties with the specified names
+                                are shown.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <listitem><para>When listing units,
                                 show all units, regardless of their
                                 state, including inactive units. When
                                 <listitem><para>When listing units,
                                 show all units, regardless of their
                                 state, including inactive units. When
-                                showing unit/job/manager information,
+                                showing unit/job/manager properties,
                                 show all properties regardless whether
                                 they are set or not.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 show all properties regardless whether
                                 they are set or not.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><option>--replace</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--failed</option></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>If the requested
-                                operation conflicts with an existing
-                                unfinished operation, replace the
-                                existing operation by the requested
-                                operation. If this is not specified
-                                the requested operation will
-                                fail.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>When listing units,
+                                show only failed units. Do not confuse
+                                with
+                                <option>--fail</option>.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><option>--system</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--full</option></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
-                                system manager. (Default)</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>Do not ellipsize unit
+                                names, cgroup members, and truncate unit descriptions
+                                in the output of
+                                <command>list-units</command> and
+                                <command>list-jobs</command>.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><option>--session</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--fail</option></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
-                                session manager of the calling user.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>If the requested
+                                operation conflicts with a pending
+                                unfinished job, fail the command. If
+                                this is not specified the requested
+                                operation will replace the pending job,
+                                if necessary. Do not confuse
+                                with
+                                <option>--failed</option>.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><option>--no-block</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--ignore-dependencies</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When enqueuing a new
+                                job ignore all its dependencies and
+                                execute it immediately. If passed no
+                                required units of the unit passed will
+                                be pulled in, and no ordering
+                                dependencies will be honored. This is
+                                mostly a debugging and rescue tool for
+                                the administrator and should not be
+                                used by
+                                applications.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
 
 
-                               <listitem><para>Do not synchronously wait for
-                               the requested operation to finish. If this is
-                               not specified the job will be verified,
-                               enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
-                               wait until it is completed. By passing this
-                               argument it is only verified and
-                               enqueued.</para></listitem> </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>-i</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--ignore-inhibitors</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When system shutdown
+                                or a sleep state is requested, ignore
+                                inhibitor locks. Applications can
+                                establish inhibitor locks to avoid
+                                that certain important operations
+                                (such as CD burning or suchlike) are
+                                interrupted by system shutdown or a
+                                sleep state. Any user may take these
+                                locks and privileged users may
+                                override these locks. If any locks are
+                                taken, shutdown and sleep state
+                                requests will normally fail
+                                (regardless if privileged or not) and
+                                list of active locks is
+                                printed. However if
+                                <option>--ignore-inhibitors</option>
+                                is specified the locks are ignored and
+                                not printed, and the operation
+                                attempted anyway, possibly requiring
+                                additional
+                                privileges.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><option>--quiet</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-q</option></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Suppress output to
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><option>--quiet</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-q</option></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Suppress output to
-                                STDOUT for <command>snapshot</command>
-                                and
-                                <command>check</command>.</para></listitem>
+                                STDOUT in
+                                <command>snapshot</command>,
+                                <command>is-active</command>,
+                                <command>is-failed</command>,
+                                <command>enable</command> and
+                                <command>disable</command>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--no-block</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Do not synchronously wait for
+                                the requested operation to finish. If this is
+                                not specified the job will be verified,
+                                enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
+                                wait until it is completed. By passing this
+                                argument it is only verified and
+                                enqueued.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--no-legend</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Do not print a legend, i.e.
+                                the column headers and the footer with hints.
+                                </para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--no-pager</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Do not pipe output into a
+                                pager.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--system</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
+                                system manager. (Default)</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--user</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
+                                manager of the calling user.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--order</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--require</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used in
+                                conjunction with the
+                                <command>dot</command> command (see
+                                below), selects which dependencies are
+                                shown in the dependency graph. If
+                                <option>--order</option> is passed
+                                only dependencies of type
+                                <varname>After=</varname> or
+                                <varname>Before=</varname> are
+                                shown. If <option>--require</option>
+                                is passed only dependencies of type
+                                <varname>Requires=</varname>,
+                                <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>,
+                                <varname>Requisite=</varname>,
+                                <varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname>,
+                                <varname>Wants=</varname> and
+                                <varname>Conflicts=</varname> are
+                                shown. If neither is passed, shows
+                                dependencies of all these
+                                types.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 message before
                                 halt, power-off, reboot.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                                 message before
                                 halt, power-off, reboot.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--global</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>enable</command> and
+                                <command>disable</command>, operate on the
+                                global user configuration
+                                directory, thus enabling or disabling
+                                a unit file globally for all future
+                                logins of all users.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>enable</command> and
+                                <command>disable</command>, do not
+                                implicitly reload daemon configuration
+                                after executing the
+                                changes.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>start</command> and related
+                                commands, disables asking for
+                                passwords. Background services may
+                                require input of a password or
+                                passphrase string, for example to
+                                unlock system hard disks or
+                                cryptographic certificates. Unless
+                                this option is specified and the
+                                command is invoked from a terminal
+                                <command>systemctl</command> will
+                                query the user on the terminal for the
+                                necessary secrets. Use this option to
+                                switch this behavior off. In this case
+                                the password must be supplied by some
+                                other means (for example graphical
+                                password agents) or the service might
+                                fail. This also disables querying the
+                                user for authentication for privileged
+                                operations.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>kill</command>, choose which
+                                processes to kill. Must be one of
+                                <option>main</option>,
+                                <option>control</option> or
+                                <option>all</option> to select whether
+                                to kill only the main process of the
+                                unit, the control process or all
+                                processes of the unit. If omitted
+                                defaults to
+                                <option>all</option>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--signal=</option></term>
+                                <term><option>-s</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>kill</command>, choose which
+                                signal to send to selected
+                                processes. Must be one of the well
+                                known signal specifiers such as
+                                SIGTERM, SIGINT or SIGSTOP. If
+                                omitted defaults to
+                                <option>SIGTERM</option>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--force</option></term>
+                                <term><option>-f</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>enable</command>, overwrite any
+                                existing conflicting
+                                symlinks.</para></listitem>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>halt</command>,
+                                <command>poweroff</command>,
+                                <command>reboot</command> or
+                                <command>kexec</command> execute the
+                                selected operation without shutting
+                                down all units. However, all processes
+                                will be killed forcibly and all file
+                                systems are unmounted or remounted
+                                read-only. This is hence a drastic but
+                                relatively safe option to request an
+                                immediate reboot. If
+                                <option>--force</option> is specified
+                                twice for these operations, they will
+                                be executed immediately without
+                                terminating any processes or umounting
+                                any file systems. Warning: specifying
+                                <option>--force</option> twice with
+                                any of these operations might result
+                                in data loss.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--root=</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and
+                                related commands), use alternative
+                                root path when looking for unit
+                                files.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--runtime</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and related commands), make
+                                changes only temporarily, so that they
+                                are dropped on the next reboot. This
+                                will have the effect that changes are
+                                not made in subdirectories of
+                                <filename>/etc</filename> but in
+                                <filename>/run</filename>, with
+                                identical immediate effects, however,
+                                since the latter is lost on reboot,
+                                the changes are lost
+                                too.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>-H</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--host</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Execute operation
+                                remotely. Specify a hostname, or
+                                username and hostname separated by @,
+                                to connect to. This will use SSH to
+                                talk to the remote systemd
+                                instance.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>-P</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--privileged</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Acquire privileges via
+                                PolicyKit before executing the
+                                operation.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--lines=</option></term>
+                                <term><option>-n</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>status</command> controls the
+                                number of journal lines to show,
+                                counting from the most recent
+                                ones. Takes a positive integer
+                                argument. Defaults to
+                                10.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><option>--output=</option></term>
+                                <term><option>-o</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>When used with
+                                <command>status</command> controls the
+                                formatting of the journal entries that
+                                are shown. For the available choices
+                                see
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Defaults
+                                to
+                                <literal>short</literal>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
                 </variablelist>
 
                 <para>The following commands are understood:</para>
                 </variablelist>
 
                 <para>The following commands are understood:</para>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>start [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>start [NAME...]</command></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Start one or more
-                                units specified on the command
+                                <listitem><para>Start (activate) one
+                                or more units specified on the command
                                 line.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>stop [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                                 line.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>stop [NAME...]</command></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Stop one or more units
-                                specified on the command
-                                line.</para></listitem>
-                        </varlistentry>
-                        <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>restart [NAME...]</command></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Restart one or more
-                                units specified on the command
+                                <listitem><para>Stop (deactivate) one
+                                or more units specified on the command
                                 line.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>reload [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                                 line.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>reload [NAME...]</command></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Asks all services
-                                whose units are listed on the command
-                                line to reload their
+                                <listitem><para>Asks all units listed
+                                on the command line to reload their
                                 configuration. Note that this will
                                 configuration. Note that this will
-                                reload the daemon configuration
-                                itself, not the unit configuration
-                                file of systemd. If you want systemd
-                                to reload the configuration file of a
-                                unit use the
+                                reload the service-specific
+                                configuration, not the unit
+                                configuration file of systemd. If you
+                                want systemd to reload the
+                                configuration file of a unit use the
                                 <command>daemon-reload</command>
                                 command. In other words: for the
                                 example case of Apache, this will
                                 <command>daemon-reload</command>
                                 command. In other words: for the
                                 example case of Apache, this will
                                 <filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the
                                 web server, not the
                                 <filename>apache.service</filename>
                                 <filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the
                                 web server, not the
                                 <filename>apache.service</filename>
-                                systemd unit file. </para> <para>This
-                                command should not be confused with
-                                the <command>daemon-reload</command>
-                                or <command>load</command>
+                                systemd unit file. </para>
+
+                                <para>This command should not be
+                                confused with the
+                                <command>daemon-reload</command> or
+                                <command>load</command>
                                 commands.</para></listitem>
 
                         </varlistentry>
                                 commands.</para></listitem>
 
                         </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>restart [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Restart one or more
+                                units specified on the command
+                                line. If the units are not running yet
+                                they will be
+                                started.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Restart one or more
+                                units specified on the command
+                                line if the units are running. Do
+                                nothing if units are not running.
+                                Note that for compatibility
+                                with Red Hat init scripts
+                                <command>condrestart</command> is
+                                equivalent to this command.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>reload-or-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Reload one or more
+                                units if they support it. If not,
+                                restart them instead. If the units
+                                are not running yet they will be
+                                started.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>reload-or-try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Reload one or more
+                                units if they support it. If not,
+                                restart them instead. Do nothing if
+                                the units are not running. Note that
+                                for compatibility with SysV init
+                                scripts
+                                <command>force-reload</command> is
+                                equivalent to this
+                                command.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>isolate [NAME]</command></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Start the unit
                                 specified on the command line and its
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>isolate [NAME]</command></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Start the unit
                                 specified on the command line and its
-                                dependencies and stop all
-                                others.</para></listitem>
+                                dependencies and stop all others.</para>
+
+                                <para>This is similar to changing the
+                                runlevel in a traditional init system. The
+                                <command>isolate</command> command will
+                                immediately stop processes that are not
+                                enabled in the new unit, possibly including
+                                the graphical environment or terminal you
+                                are currently using.</para>
+
+                                <para>Note that this works only on units
+                                where <option>AllowIsolate=</option> is
+                                enabled. See
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                                for details.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>kill [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Send a signal to one
+                                or more processes of the unit. Use
+                                <option>--kill-who=</option> to select
+                                which process to kill. Use
+                                <option>--kill-mode=</option> to
+                                select the kill mode and
+                                <option>--signal=</option> to select
+                                the signal to send.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>check [NAME...]</command></term>
+                                <term><command>is-active [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Check whether any of
 
                                 <listitem><para>Check whether any of
-                                the specified units is active
-                                (i.e. running). Returns 0 if at least
-                                one is active, non-zero
+                                the specified units are active
+                                (i.e. running). Returns an exit code
+                                0 if at least one is active, non-zero
                                 otherwise. Unless
                                 <option>--quiet</option> is specified
                                 this will also print the current unit
                                 state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 otherwise. Unless
                                 <option>--quiet</option> is specified
                                 this will also print the current unit
                                 state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>status [NAME...]</command></term>
+                                <term><command>is-failed [NAME...]</command></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Show short status
-                                information about one or more
-                                units. This shows terse runtime
-                                information about
-                                units.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>Check whether any of
+                                the specified units are failed.
+                                Returns an exit code
+                                0 if at least one is failed, non-zero
+                                otherwise. Unless
+                                <option>--quiet</option> is specified
+                                this will also print the current unit
+                                state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>status [NAME...|PID...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Show terse runtime
+                                status information about one or more
+                                units, followed by its most recent log
+                                data from the journal. This function
+                                is intended to generate human-readable
+                                output. If you are looking for
+                                computer-parsable output, use
+                                <command>show</command> instead. If a
+                                PID is passed information about the
+                                unit the process of the PID belongs to
+                                is shown.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>show [NAME...|JOB...]</command></term>
 
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>show [NAME...|JOB...]</command></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Show properties of
-                                one or more units, jobs or the manager
+                                <listitem><para>Show properties of one
+                                or more units, jobs or the manager
                                 itself. If no argument is specified
                                 properties of the manager will be
                                 shown. If a unit name is specified
                                 itself. If no argument is specified
                                 properties of the manager will be
                                 shown. If a unit name is specified
-                                properties of the unit is shown,
-                                and if a job id is specified
-                                properties of the job is
-                                shown.</para></listitem>
+                                properties of the unit is shown, and
+                                if a job id is specified properties of
+                                the job is shown. By default, empty
+                                properties are suppressed. Use
+                                <option>--all</option> to show those
+                                too. To select specific properties to
+                                show use
+                                <option>--property=</option>. This
+                                command is intended to be used
+                                whenever computer-parsable output is
+                                required. Use
+                                <command>status</command> if you are
+                                looking for formatted human-readable
+                                output.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>help [NAME...|PID...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Show manual pages for
+                                one or more units, if available. If a
+                                PID is passed the manual pages for the
+                                unit the process of the PID belongs to
+                                is shown.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>reset-failed [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Reset the
+                                '<literal>failed</literal>' state of the
+                                specified units, or if no unit name is
+                                passed of all units. When a unit fails
+                                in some way (i.e. process exiting with
+                                non-zero error code, terminating
+                                abnormally or timing out) it will
+                                automatically enter the
+                                '<literal>failed</literal>' state and
+                                its exit code and status is recorded
+                                for introspection by the administrator
+                                until the service is restarted or
+                                reset with this
+                                command.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>list-unit-files</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>List installed unit files.
+                                </para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>enable [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Enable one or
+                                more unit files or unit file
+                                instances, as specified on the
+                                command line. This will create a
+                                number of symlinks as encoded in
+                                the <literal>[Install]</literal>
+                                sections of the unit files. After
+                                the symlinks have been created the
+                                systemd configuration is reloaded
+                                (in a way that is equivalent to
+                                <command>daemon-reload</command>)
+                                to ensure the changes are taken into
+                                account immediately. Note that this
+                                does not have the effect that any of
+                                the units enabled are also started at
+                                the same time.  If this is desired
+                                a separate <command>start</command>
+                                command must be invoked for the unit.
+                                Also note that in case of instance
+                                enablement, symlinks named same as
+                                instances are created in install
+                                location, however they all point to
+                                the same template unit file.</para>
+
+                                <para>This command will
+                                print the actions executed. This
+                                output may be suppressed by passing
+                                <option>--quiet</option>.</para>
+
+                                <para>Note that this operation creates
+                                only the suggested symlinks for the
+                                units. While this command is the
+                                recommended way to manipulate the unit
+                                configuration directory, the
+                                administrator is free to make
+                                additional changes manually, by
+                                placing or removing symlinks in the
+                                directory. This is particularly useful
+                                to create configurations that deviate
+                                from the suggested default
+                                installation. In this case the
+                                administrator must make sure to invoke
+                                <command>daemon-reload</command>
+                                manually as necessary, to ensure his
+                                changes are taken into account.</para>
+
+                                <para>Enabling units should not be
+                                confused with starting (activating)
+                                units, as done by the
+                                <command>start</command>
+                                command. Enabling and starting units
+                                is orthogonal: units may be enabled
+                                without being started and started
+                                without being enabled. Enabling simply
+                                hooks the unit into various suggested
+                                places (for example, so that the unit
+                                is automatically started on boot or
+                                when a particular kind of hardware is
+                                plugged in). Starting actually spawns
+                                the daemon process (in case of service
+                                units), or binds the socket (in case
+                                of socket units), and so
+                                on.</para>
+
+                                <para>Depending on whether
+                                <option>--system</option>,
+                                <option>--user</option> or
+                                <option>--global</option> is specified
+                                this enables the unit for the system,
+                                for the calling user only
+                                or for all future logins of all
+                                users. Note that in the latter case no
+                                systemd daemon configuration is
+                                reloaded.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>disable [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Disables one or more
+                                units. This removes all symlinks to
+                                the specified unit files from the unit
+                                configuration directory, and hence
+                                undoes the changes made by
+                                <command>enable</command>. Note
+                                however that this removes
+                                all symlinks to the unit files
+                                (i.e. including manual additions), not
+                                just those actually created by
+                                <command>enable</command>. This call
+                                implicitly reloads the systemd daemon
+                                configuration after completing the
+                                disabling of the units. Note that this
+                                command does not implicitly stop the
+                                units that are being disabled. If this
+                                is desired an additional
+                                <command>stop</command> command should
+                                be executed afterwards.</para>
+
+                                <para>This command will print the
+                                actions executed. This output may be
+                                suppressed by passing
+                                <option>--quiet</option>.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+
+                                <para>This command honors
+                                <option>--system</option>,
+                                <option>--user</option>,
+                                <option>--global</option> in a similar
+                                way as
+                                <command>enable</command>.</para>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>is-enabled [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Checks whether any of
+                                the specified unit files are enabled
+                                (as with
+                                <command>enable</command>). Returns an
+                                exit code of 0 if at least one is
+                                enabled, non-zero otherwise. Prints
+                                the current enable status. To suppress
+                                this output use
+                                <option>--quiet</option>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>reenable [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Reenable one or more
+                                unit files, as specified on the
+                                command line. This is a combination of
+                                <command>disable</command> and
+                                <command>enable</command> and is
+                                useful to reset the symlinks a unit is
+                                enabled with to the defaults
+                                configured in the
+                                <literal>[Install]</literal> section
+                                of the unit file.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>preset [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Reset one or more unit
+                                files, as specified on the command
+                                line, to the defaults configured in
+                                the preset policy files. This has the
+                                same effect as
+                                <command>disable</command> or
+                                <command>enable</command>, depending
+                                how the unit is listed in the preset
+                                files. For more information on preset
+                                policy format see
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. For
+                                more information on the concept of
+                                presets please consult the <ulink
+                                url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Preset">Preset</ulink>
+                                document.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>mask [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Mask one or more unit
+                                files, as specified on the command
+                                line. This will link these units to
+                                <filename>/dev/null</filename>, making
+                                it impossible to start them. This is a stronger version
+                                of <command>disable</command>, since
+                                it prohibits all kinds of activation
+                                of the unit, including manual
+                                activation. Use this option with
+                                care.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>unmask [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Unmask one or more
+                                unit files, as specified on the
+                                command line. This will undo the
+                                effect of
+                                <command>mask</command>.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>link [NAME...]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Link a unit file that
+                                is not in the unit file search paths
+                                into the unit file search path. This
+                                requires an absolute path to a unit
+                                file. The effect of this can be undone
+                                with <command>disable</command>. The
+                                effect of this command is that a unit
+                                file is available for
+                                <command>start</command> and other
+                                commands although it isn't installed
+                                directly in the unit search
+                                path.</para>
+                                </listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
+
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>load [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>load [NAME...]</command></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Cancel one or more
                                 jobs specified on the command line by
                                 their numeric job
                                 <listitem><para>Cancel one or more
                                 jobs specified on the command line by
                                 their numeric job
-                                IDs.</para></listitem>
-                        </varlistentry>
-                        <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>clear-jobs</command></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Cancel all jobs that are in progress.</para></listitem>
-                        </varlistentry>
-                        <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>monitor</command></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Monitor unit/job
-                                changes. This is mostly useful for
-                                debugging purposes and prints a line
-                                each time systemd loads or unloads a
-                                unit configuration file, or a unit
-                                property changes.</para></listitem>
+                                IDs. If no job id is specified, cancel all pending jobs.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>dump</command></term>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>dump</command></term>
                                 be parsed by
                                 applications.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                                 be parsed by
                                 applications.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>dot</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Generate textual
+                                dependency graph description in dot
+                                format for further processing with the
+                                GraphViz
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                                tool. Use a command line like
+                                <command>systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg >
+                                systemd.svg</command> to generate a
+                                graphical dependency tree. Unless
+                                <option>--order</option> or
+                                <option>--require</option> is passed
+                                the generated graph will show both
+                                ordering and requirement
+                                dependencies.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>list-dependencies [NAME]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>
+                                Shows required and wanted units of given unit.
+                                Target units are recursively expanded.
+                                When <option>--all</option> is passed
+                                dependency tree is generated for all
+                                subsidiary units.</para>
+                                </listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>snapshot [NAME]</command></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>snapshot [NAME]</command></term>
 
 
                                 <para>A snapshot refers to a saved
                                 state of the systemd manager. It is
 
                                 <para>A snapshot refers to a saved
                                 state of the systemd manager. It is
-                                implemented itself as unit that is
+                                implemented itself as unit that is
                                 generated dynamically with this
                                 command and has dependencies on all
                                 units active at the time. At a later
                                 generated dynamically with this
                                 command and has dependencies on all
                                 units active at the time. At a later
                                 unit files and recreate the entire
                                 dependency tree. While the daemon is
                                 reloaded, all sockets systemd listens
                                 unit files and recreate the entire
                                 dependency tree. While the daemon is
                                 reloaded, all sockets systemd listens
-                                on on behalf of user configuration, will
+                                on on behalf of user configuration will
                                 stay accessible.</para> <para>This
                                 command should not be confused with
                                 the <command>load</command> or
                                 stay accessible.</para> <para>This
                                 command should not be confused with
                                 the <command>load</command> or
                                 configuration will stay
                                 accessible.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                                 configuration will stay
                                 accessible.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
-                        <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>daemon-exit</command></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Ask the systemd
-                                manager to quit. This is only
-                                supported for session managers
-                                (i.e. in conjunction with the
-                                <option>--session</option> option) and
-                                will fail otherwise.</para></listitem>
-                        </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>show-environment</command></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>show-environment</command></term>
 
                                 is only removed if it has the
                                 specified value.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                                 is only removed if it has the
                                 specified value.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>default</command></term>
 
 
+                                <listitem><para>Enter default
+                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
+                                <command>start
+                                default.target</command>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>rescue</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Enter rescue
+                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
+                                <command>isolate
+                                rescue.target</command> but also
+                                prints a wall message to all
+                                users.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>emergency</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Enter emergency
+                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
+                                <command>isolate
+                                emergency.target</command> but also
+                                prints a wall message to all
+                                users.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>halt</command></term>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>halt</command></term>
 
                                 system. This is mostly equivalent to
                                 <command>start halt.target</command>
                                 but also prints a wall message to all
                                 system. This is mostly equivalent to
                                 <command>start halt.target</command>
                                 but also prints a wall message to all
-                                users.</para></listitem>
+                                users.  If combined with
+                                <option>--force</option> shutdown of
+                                all running services is skipped,
+                                however all processes are killed and
+                                all file systems are unmounted or
+                                mounted read-only, immediately
+                                followed by the system halt.  If
+                                <option>--force</option> is specified
+                                twice the operation is immediately
+                                executed without terminating any
+                                processes or unmounting any file
+                                systems. This may result in data
+                                loss.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
                                 power-off the system. This is mostly
                                 equivalent to <command>start
                                 poweroff.target</command> but also
                                 power-off the system. This is mostly
                                 equivalent to <command>start
                                 poweroff.target</command> but also
-                                prints a wall message to all
-                                users.</para></listitem>
+                                prints a wall message to all users. If
+                                combined with <option>--force</option>
+                                shutdown of all running services is
+                                skipped, however all processes are
+                                killed and all file systems are
+                                unmounted or mounted read-only,
+                                immediately followed by the powering
+                                off. If <option>--force</option> is
+                                specified twice the operation is
+                                immediately executed without
+                                terminating any processes or
+                                unmounting any file systems. This may
+                                result in data loss.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
 
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Shut down and
-                                reboot the system. This is mostly
-                                equivalent to <command>start
+                                <listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
+                                the system. This is mostly equivalent
+                                to <command>start
                                 reboot.target</command> but also
                                 reboot.target</command> but also
-                                prints a wall message to all
-                                users.</para></listitem>
+                                prints a wall message to all users. If
+                                combined with <option>--force</option>
+                                shutdown of all running services is
+                                skipped, however all processes are
+                                killed and all file systems are
+                                unmounted or mounted read-only,
+                                immediately followed by the reboot. If
+                                <option>--force</option> is specified
+                                twice the operation is immediately
+                                executed without terminating any
+                                processes or unmounting any file
+                                systems. This may result in data
+                                loss.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>default</command></term>
+                                <term><command>kexec</command></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Enter default
-                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
-                                <command>start
-                                default.target</command>.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
+                                the system via kexec. This is mostly
+                                equivalent to <command>start
+                                kexec.target</command> but also prints
+                                a wall message to all users. If
+                                combined with <option>--force</option>
+                                shutdown of all running services is
+                                skipped, however all processes are killed
+                                and all file systems are unmounted or
+                                mounted read-only, immediately
+                                followed by the
+                                reboot.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>rescue</command></term>
+                                <term><command>exit</command></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Enter rescue
-                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
-                                <command>isolate
-                                rescue.target</command> but also
-                                prints a wall message to all
-                                users.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>Ask the systemd
+                                manager to quit. This is only
+                                supported for user service managers
+                                (i.e. in conjunction with the
+                                <option>--user</option> option) and
+                                will fail otherwise.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><command>emergency</command></term>
+                                <term><command>suspend</command></term>
 
 
-                                <listitem><para>Enter emergency
-                                mode. This is mostly equivalent to
-                                <command>isolate
-                                emergency.service</command> but also
-                                prints a wall message to all
-                                users.</para></listitem>
+                                <listitem><para>Suspend the
+                                system. This will trigger activation
+                                of the special
+                                <filename>suspend.target</filename>
+                                target.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>hibernate</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Hibernate the
+                                system. This will trigger activation
+                                of the special
+                                <filename>hibernate.target</filename>
+                                target.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>hybrid-sleep</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Hibernate and suspend
+                                the system. This will trigger
+                                activation of the special
+                                <filename>hybrid-sleep.target</filename>
+                                target.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><command>switch-root [ROOT] [INIT]</command></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Switches to a
+                                different root directory and executes
+                                a new system manager process below
+                                it. This is intended for usage in
+                                initial RAM disks ("initrd"), and will
+                                transition from the initrd's system
+                                manager process (a.k.a "init" process)
+                                to the main system manager
+                                process. Takes two arguments: the
+                                directory to make the new root
+                                directory, and the path to the new
+                                system manager binary below it to
+                                execute as PID 1. If the latter is
+                                omitted or the empty string, a
+                                systemd binary will automatically be
+                                searched for and used as init. If the
+                                system manager path is omitted or
+                                equal the empty string the state of
+                                the initrd's system manager process is
+                                passed to the main system manager,
+                                which allows later introspection of the
+                                state of the services involved in the
+                                initrd boot.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                 </variablelist>
 
                         </varlistentry>
                 </variablelist>
 
                 code otherwise.</para>
         </refsect1>
 
                 code otherwise.</para>
         </refsect1>
 
+        <refsect1>
+                <title>Environment</title>
+
+                <variablelist>
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_PAGER</varname></term>
+                                <listitem><para>Pager to use when
+                                <option>--no-pager</option> is not given;
+                                overrides <varname>$PAGER</varname>.  Setting
+                                this to an empty string or the value
+                                <literal>cat</literal> is equivalent to passing
+                                <option>--no-pager</option>.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+                </variablelist>
+        </refsect1>
+
         <refsect1>
                 <title>See Also</title>
                 <para>
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
         <refsect1>
                 <title>See Also</title>
                 <para>
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
-                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 </para>
         </refsect1>
 
                 </para>
         </refsect1>