systemd System and Service Manager CHANGES WITH 182: * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now. All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but udev can be properly *run* without systems. * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken subsystems. * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be used to subscribe to events. * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be pulled-in by udev to ge started, but they can no longer be directly forked by udev rules. * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building it. * systemd-logingctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed to logingctl and journalctl to match systemctl. * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename the files to the new names on upgrade. CHANGES WITH 44: * This is mostly a bugfix release * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the KVM or container configured UUID. * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff" * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianess fixes and ensuring that disk space enforcement works * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian folks * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere. * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat configuration * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race free fashion * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always and unconditionally override vendor supplied or automatically generated data. * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls however. * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the tarball. Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry Reding CHANGES WITH 43: * This is mostly a bugfix release * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported. * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from normal user logins. Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl CHANGES WITH 42: * This is an important bugfix release for v41. * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install xsltproc. * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In a future release support for hardware watchdogs (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this. * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a reboot can automatically be triggered. * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind. Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham, Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg CHANGES WITH 41: * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now; An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the package update. * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not support systems with module-init-tools anymore. * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not complete. * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is understood to set system wide environment variables dynamically at boot. * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald. * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit files. Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen, William Douglas CHANGES WITH 40: * This is mostly a bugfix release * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the "Result" D-Bus property. * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over the next few releases.) * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode CHANGES WITH 39: * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many bugfixes. * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their resource usage. * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If disabled, support tracking device access for active logins goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user journals by the respective users. * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access to the system journal as well as all user journals. * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging client for all entries. * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text messages, without any meta data like date or time. * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg learned native udev hotplugging for display devices. * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as BSD logger replacement, and does so by default. * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the journal along with meta data. * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for creating symlinks, character and block device nodes. * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid, or fsck. * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless requested with new -k switch. Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michal Schmidt CHANGES WITH 38: * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many bugfixes. * The git repository moved to: git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd * First release with the journal http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and systemd-stdout-bridge. * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind * Many systemadm clean-ups * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all remote mounts and may be used to start services before all remote mounts. * Added Mageia support * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in the parent process before having finished writing the PID file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them. * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output of existing distributions. * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage. * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and thus will no longer act as synchronization point during boot. * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=. * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys, among other things. * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console and the journal by default, not only just the console. * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login. * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically select the components of systemd they are interested in. * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is restored. * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and kmod * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead of /usr/local by default. * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained in: http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter the START or START_PRE states are now killed with SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never supported anyway, and bad style). * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind reloading of units together. Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel Walsh, Dave Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek