src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34
  35 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  36
  37 #include "log.h"
  38 #include "util.h"
  39 #include "macro.h"
  40 #include "set.h"
  41 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  42 #include "special.h"
  43 #include "initreq.h"
  44 #include "strv.h"
  45 #include "dbus-common.h"
  46 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  48 #include "list.h"
  49 #include "path-lookup.h"
  50 #include "conf-parser.h"
  51 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  52
  53 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  54 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  55 static bool arg_all = false;
  56 static bool arg_fail = false;
  57 static bool arg_session = false;
  58 static bool arg_global = false;
  59 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  60 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  61 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  62 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  63 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  64 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  65 static bool arg_dry = false;
  66 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  67 static bool arg_full = false;
  68 static bool arg_force = false;
  69 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  70 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  71 static enum action {
  72         ACTION_INVALID,
  73         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  74         ACTION_HALT,
  75         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  76         ACTION_REBOOT,
  77         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  78         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  79         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  80         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  81         ACTION_RESCUE,
  82         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  83         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  84         ACTION_RELOAD,
  85         ACTION_REEXEC,
  86         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
  87         _ACTION_MAX
  88 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
  89 static enum dot {
  90         DOT_ALL,
  91         DOT_ORDER,
  92         DOT_REQUIRE
  93 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
  94
  95 static bool private_bus = false;
  96
  97 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
  98
  99 static bool on_tty(void) {
 100         static int t = -1;
 101
 102         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 103                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 104
 105         return t;
 106 }
 107
 108 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 109
 110         if (!on_tty())
 111                 return "";
 112
 113         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 114 }
 115
 116 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 117
 118         if (!on_tty())
 119                 return "";
 120
 121         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 122 }
 123
 124 static bool error_is_no_service(DBusError *error) {
 125
 126         assert(error);
 127
 128         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 129                 return false;
 130
 131         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 132                 return true;
 133
 134         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 135                 return true;
 136
 137         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 138 }
 139
 140 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 141
 142         assert(iter);
 143         assert(data);
 144
 145         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 146                 return -EIO;
 147
 148         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 149
 150         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 151                 return -EIO;
 152
 153         return 0;
 154 }
 155
 156 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 157         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 158                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 159                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 160                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 161                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 162                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 163         };
 164
 165         if (arg_no_wall)
 166                 return;
 167
 168         if (arg_wall) {
 169                 char *p;
 170
 171                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 172                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 173                         return;
 174                 }
 175
 176                 if (*p) {
 177                         utmp_wall(p);
 178                         free(p);
 179                         return;
 180                 }
 181
 182                 free(p);
 183         }
 184
 185         if (!table[action])
 186                 return;
 187
 188         utmp_wall(table[action]);
 189 }
 190
 191 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 192         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 193         DBusError error;
 194         int r;
 195         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 196         unsigned k = 0;
 197
 198         dbus_error_init(&error);
 199
 200         assert(bus);
 201
 202         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 203                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 204                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 205                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 206                               "ListUnits"))) {
 207                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 208                 return -ENOMEM;
 209         }
 210
 211         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 212                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 213                 r = -EIO;
 214                 goto finish;
 215         }
 216
 217         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 218             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 219             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 220                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 221                 r = -EIO;
 222                 goto finish;
 223         }
 224
 225         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 226
 227         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 228                 printf("%-45s %-6s %-12s %-12s %-15s %s\n", "UNIT", "LOAD", "ACTIVE", "SUB", "JOB", "DESCRIPTION");
 229
 230         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 231                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path, *job_type, *job_path, *dot;
 232                 uint32_t job_id;
 233
 234                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 235                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 236                         r = -EIO;
 237                         goto finish;
 238                 }
 239
 240                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 241
 242                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 243                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 244                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 245                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 246                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 247                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 248                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 249                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &job_id, true) < 0 ||
 250                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &job_type, true) < 0 ||
 251                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, false) < 0) {
 252                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 253                         r = -EIO;
 254                         goto finish;
 255                 }
 256
 257                 if ((!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(id, '.')) &&
 258                                    streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 259                     (arg_all || !(streq(active_state, "inactive") || following[0]) || job_id > 0)) {
 260                         char *e;
 261                         int a = 0, b = 0;
 262                         const char *on, *off;
 263
 264                         if (streq(active_state, "maintenance")) {
 265                                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
 266                                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
 267                         } else
 268                                 on = off = "";
 269
 270                         e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, 45, 33);
 271                         printf("%-45s %-6s %s%-12s %-12s%s%n", e ? e : id, load_state, on, active_state, sub_state, off, &a);
 272                         free(e);
 273
 274                         a -= strlen(on) + strlen(off);
 275
 276                         if (job_id != 0)
 277                                 printf(" => %-12s%n", job_type, &b);
 278                         else
 279                                 b = 1 + 15;
 280
 281                         if (a + b + 2 < columns()) {
 282                                 if (job_id == 0)
 283                                         printf("                ");
 284
 285                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 2, description);
 286                         }
 287
 288                         fputs("\n", stdout);
 289                         k++;
 290                 }
 291
 292                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 293         }
 294
 295         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
 296
 297                 printf("\nLOAD   = Load State, reflects whether the unit configuration was properly loaded.\n"
 298                        "ACTIVE = Active State, the high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of the substate.\n"
 299                        "SUB    = Substate, the low-level unit activation state, possible values depend on unit type.\n"
 300                        "JOB    = Job, shows pending jobs for the unit.\n");
 301
 302                 if (arg_all)
 303                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", k);
 304                 else
 305                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", k);
 306         }
 307
 308         r = 0;
 309
 310 finish:
 311         if (m)
 312                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 313
 314         if (reply)
 315                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 316
 317         dbus_error_free(&error);
 318
 319         return r;
 320 }
 321
 322 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 323         static const char * const colors[] = {
 324                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 325                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 326                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 327                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 328                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 329                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 330                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 331                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 332         };
 333
 334         const char *c = NULL;
 335         unsigned i;
 336
 337         assert(name);
 338         assert(prop);
 339         assert(iter);
 340
 341         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 342                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 343                         c = colors[i+1];
 344                         break;
 345                 }
 346
 347         if (!c)
 348                 return 0;
 349
 350         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 351                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 352                         return 0;
 353
 354         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 355
 356         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 357
 358                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 359                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 360
 361                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 362
 363                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 364                                 const char *s;
 365
 366                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 367                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 368                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 369
 370                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 371                         }
 372
 373                         return 0;
 374                 }
 375         }
 376
 377         return 0;
 378 }
 379
 380 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 381         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 382         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 383         int r;
 384         DBusError error;
 385         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 386
 387         assert(bus);
 388         assert(path);
 389
 390         dbus_error_init(&error);
 391
 392         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 393                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 394                               path,
 395                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 396                               "GetAll"))) {
 397                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 398                 r = -ENOMEM;
 399                 goto finish;
 400         }
 401
 402         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 403                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 404                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 405                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 406                 r = -ENOMEM;
 407                 goto finish;
 408         }
 409
 410         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 411                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 412                 r = -EIO;
 413                 goto finish;
 414         }
 415
 416         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 417             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 418             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 419                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 420                 r = -EIO;
 421                 goto finish;
 422         }
 423
 424         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 425
 426         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 427                 const char *prop;
 428
 429                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 430                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 431                         r = -EIO;
 432                         goto finish;
 433                 }
 434
 435                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 436
 437                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 438                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 439                         r = -EIO;
 440                         goto finish;
 441                 }
 442
 443                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 444                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 445                         r = -EIO;
 446                         goto finish;
 447                 }
 448
 449                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 450
 451                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 452                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 453                         r = -EIO;
 454                         goto finish;
 455                 }
 456
 457                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 458         }
 459
 460         r = 0;
 461
 462 finish:
 463         if (m)
 464                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 465
 466         if (reply)
 467                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 468
 469         dbus_error_free(&error);
 470
 471         return r;
 472 }
 473
 474 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 475         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 476         DBusError error;
 477         int r;
 478         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 479
 480         dbus_error_init(&error);
 481
 482         assert(bus);
 483
 484         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 485                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 486                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 487                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 488                               "ListUnits"))) {
 489                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 490                 return -ENOMEM;
 491         }
 492
 493         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 494                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 495                 r = -EIO;
 496                 goto finish;
 497         }
 498
 499         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 500             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 501             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 502                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 503                 r = -EIO;
 504                 goto finish;
 505         }
 506
 507         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 508
 509         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 510         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 511                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 512
 513                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 514                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 515                         r = -EIO;
 516                         goto finish;
 517                 }
 518
 519                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 520
 521                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 522                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 523                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 524                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 525                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 526                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 527                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 528                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 529                         r = -EIO;
 530                         goto finish;
 531                 }
 532
 533                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 534                         goto finish;
 535
 536                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 537                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 538         }
 539
 540         printf("}\n");
 541
 542         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 543                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 544                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 545                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 546                  "                 green     = After\n");
 547
 548         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 549                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 550                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 551
 552         r = 0;
 553
 554 finish:
 555         if (m)
 556                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 557
 558         if (reply)
 559                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 560
 561         dbus_error_free(&error);
 562
 563         return r;
 564 }
 565
 566 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 567         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 568         DBusError error;
 569         int r;
 570         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 571         unsigned k = 0;
 572
 573         dbus_error_init(&error);
 574
 575         assert(bus);
 576
 577         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 578                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 579                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 580                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 581                               "ListJobs"))) {
 582                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 583                 return -ENOMEM;
 584         }
 585
 586         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 587                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 588                 r = -EIO;
 589                 goto finish;
 590         }
 591
 592         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 593             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 594             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 595                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 596                 r = -EIO;
 597                 goto finish;
 598         }
 599
 600         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 601
 602         printf("%4s %-45s %-17s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 603
 604         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 605                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 606                 uint32_t id;
 607                 char *e;
 608
 609                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 610                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 611                         r = -EIO;
 612                         goto finish;
 613                 }
 614
 615                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 616
 617                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 618                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 619                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 620                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 621                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 622                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 623                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 624                         r = -EIO;
 625                         goto finish;
 626                 }
 627
 628                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 45, 33);
 629                 printf("%4u %-45s %-17s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 630                 free(e);
 631
 632                 k++;
 633
 634                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 635         }
 636
 637         printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 638         r = 0;
 639
 640 finish:
 641         if (m)
 642                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 643
 644         if (reply)
 645                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 646
 647         dbus_error_free(&error);
 648
 649         return r;
 650 }
 651
 652 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 653         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 654         DBusError error;
 655         int r;
 656         unsigned i;
 657
 658         dbus_error_init(&error);
 659
 660         assert(bus);
 661         assert(args);
 662
 663         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 664
 665                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 666                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 667                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 668                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 669                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 670                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 671                         r = -ENOMEM;
 672                         goto finish;
 673                 }
 674
 675                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 676                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 677                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 678                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 679                         r = -ENOMEM;
 680                         goto finish;
 681                 }
 682
 683                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 684                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 685                         r = -EIO;
 686                         goto finish;
 687                 }
 688
 689                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 690                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 691
 692                 m = reply = NULL;
 693         }
 694
 695         r = 0;
 696
 697 finish:
 698         if (m)
 699                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 700
 701         if (reply)
 702                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 703
 704         dbus_error_free(&error);
 705
 706         return r;
 707 }
 708
 709 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 710         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 711         DBusError error;
 712         int r;
 713         unsigned i;
 714
 715         dbus_error_init(&error);
 716
 717         assert(bus);
 718         assert(args);
 719
 720         if (n <= 1)
 721                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 722
 723         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 724                 unsigned id;
 725                 const char *path;
 726
 727                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 728                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 729                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 730                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 731                                       "GetJob"))) {
 732                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 733                         r = -ENOMEM;
 734                         goto finish;
 735                 }
 736
 737                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 738                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 739                         goto finish;
 740                 }
 741
 742                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 743                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 744                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 745                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 746                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 747                         r = -ENOMEM;
 748                         goto finish;
 749                 }
 750
 751                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 752                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 753                         r = -EIO;
 754                         goto finish;
 755                 }
 756
 757                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 758                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 759                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 760                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
 761                         r = -EIO;
 762                         goto finish;
 763                 }
 764
 765                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 766                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 767                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 768                                       path,
 769                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 770                                       "Cancel"))) {
 771                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 772                         r = -ENOMEM;
 773                         goto finish;
 774                 }
 775
 776                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 777                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 778                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 779                         r = -EIO;
 780                         goto finish;
 781                 }
 782
 783                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 784                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 785                 m = reply = NULL;
 786         }
 787
 788         r = 0;
 789
 790 finish:
 791         if (m)
 792                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 793
 794         if (reply)
 795                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 796
 797         dbus_error_free(&error);
 798
 799         return r;
 800 }
 801
 802 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
 803         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 804         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
 805         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 806         const char
 807                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
 808                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
 809                 *path;
 810
 811         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
 812
 813         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 814                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 815                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 816                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 817                               "GetUnit")))
 818                 goto finish;
 819
 820         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 821                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
 822                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 823                 goto finish;
 824
 825         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 826                 goto finish;
 827
 828         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
 829                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 830                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 831                 goto finish;
 832
 833         dbus_message_unref(m);
 834         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 835                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 836                               path,
 837                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 838                               "Get")))
 839                 goto finish;
 840
 841         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 842                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 843                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
 844                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 845                 goto finish;
 846         }
 847
 848         dbus_message_unref(reply);
 849         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 850                 goto finish;
 851
 852         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 853             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
 854                 goto finish;
 855
 856         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 857
 858         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
 859                 goto finish;
 860
 861         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
 862
 863 finish:
 864         if (m)
 865                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 866
 867         if (reply)
 868                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 869
 870         return b;
 871 }
 872
 873 typedef struct WaitData {
 874         Set *set;
 875         bool failed;
 876 } WaitData;
 877
 878 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
 879         DBusError error;
 880         WaitData *d = data;
 881
 882         assert(connection);
 883         assert(message);
 884         assert(d);
 885
 886         dbus_error_init(&error);
 887
 888         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
 889                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
 890                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
 891                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
 892
 893         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
 894                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
 895                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
 896
 897         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
 898                 uint32_t id;
 899                 const char *path;
 900                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
 901
 902                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
 903                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 904                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 905                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
 906                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 907                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
 908                 else {
 909                         char *p;
 910
 911                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
 912                                 free(p);
 913
 914                         if (!success)
 915                                 d->failed = true;
 916                 }
 917         }
 918
 919         dbus_error_free(&error);
 920         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
 921 }
 922
 923 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
 924         DBusError error;
 925
 926         assert(bus);
 927
 928         if (private_bus)
 929                 return 0;
 930
 931         dbus_error_init(&error);
 932         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
 933                            "type='signal',"
 934                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
 935                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
 936                            "member='JobRemoved',"
 937                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
 938                            &error);
 939
 940         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
 941                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
 942                 dbus_error_free(&error);
 943                 return -EIO;
 944         }
 945
 946         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
 947         return 0;
 948 }
 949
 950 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
 951         int r;
 952         WaitData d;
 953
 954         assert(bus);
 955         assert(s);
 956
 957         zero(d);
 958         d.set = s;
 959         d.failed = false;
 960
 961         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
 962                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
 963                 r = -ENOMEM;
 964                 goto finish;
 965         }
 966
 967         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
 968                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
 969                 ;
 970
 971         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
 972                 log_error("Job failed, see logs for details.");
 973
 974         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
 975
 976 finish:
 977         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
 978
 979         return r;
 980 }
 981
 982 static int start_unit_one(
 983                 DBusConnection *bus,
 984                 const char *method,
 985                 const char *name,
 986                 const char *mode,
 987                 Set *s) {
 988
 989         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 990         DBusError error;
 991         const char *path;
 992         int r;
 993
 994         assert(bus);
 995         assert(method);
 996         assert(name);
 997         assert(mode);
 998         assert(arg_no_block || s);
 999
1000         dbus_error_init(&error);
1001
1002         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1003                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1004                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1005                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1006                               method))) {
1007                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1008                 r = -ENOMEM;
1009                 goto finish;
1010         }
1011
1012         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1013                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1014                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1015                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1016                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1017                 r = -ENOMEM;
1018                 goto finish;
1019         }
1020
1021         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1022
1023                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
1024                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1025                          * legacy actions. */
1026                         r = 0;
1027                         goto finish;
1028                 }
1029
1030                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
1031                 r = -EIO;
1032                 goto finish;
1033         }
1034
1035         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1036                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1037                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1038                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
1039                 r = -EIO;
1040                 goto finish;
1041         }
1042
1043         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1044                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1045                             arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1046
1047         if (!arg_no_block) {
1048                 char *p;
1049
1050                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1051                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1052                         r = -ENOMEM;
1053                         goto finish;
1054                 }
1055
1056                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1057                         free(p);
1058                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1059                         goto finish;
1060                 }
1061         }
1062
1063         r = 1;
1064
1065 finish:
1066         if (m)
1067                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1068
1069         if (reply)
1070                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1071
1072         dbus_error_free(&error);
1073
1074         return r;
1075 }
1076
1077 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1078         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1079                 return ACTION_HALT;
1080         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1081                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1082         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1083                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1084         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1085                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1086         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1087                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1088         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1089                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1090         else
1091                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1092 }
1093
1094 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1095
1096         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1097                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1098                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1099                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1100                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1101                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1102                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1103                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1104                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1105                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1106                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
1107         };
1108
1109         int r;
1110         unsigned i;
1111         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1112         Set *s = NULL;
1113
1114         assert(bus);
1115
1116         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1117                 method =
1118                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1119                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1120                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1121                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1122                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1123                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1124                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ||
1125                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1126                                                                   "StartUnit";
1127
1128                 mode =
1129                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1130                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1131                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1132                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1133                                                         "replace";
1134
1135                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1136
1137         } else {
1138                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1139                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1140
1141                 method = "StartUnit";
1142
1143                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1144                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1145
1146                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1147         }
1148
1149         if (!arg_no_block) {
1150                 if ((r = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1151                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-r));
1152                         goto finish;
1153                 }
1154
1155                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1156                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1157                         r = -ENOMEM;
1158                         goto finish;
1159                 }
1160         }
1161
1162         r = 0;
1163
1164         if (one_name) {
1165                 if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, s)) <= 0)
1166                         goto finish;
1167         } else {
1168                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1169                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, s)) < 0)
1170                                 goto finish;
1171         }
1172
1173         if (!arg_no_block)
1174                 r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s);
1175
1176 finish:
1177         if (s)
1178                 set_free_free(s);
1179
1180         return r;
1181 }
1182
1183 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1184         int r;
1185
1186         assert(bus);
1187         assert(args);
1188
1189         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1190
1191         if (r >= 0)
1192                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1193
1194         return r;
1195 }
1196
1197 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1198         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1199         const char
1200                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1201                 *property = "ActiveState";
1202         int r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1203         DBusError error;
1204         unsigned i;
1205
1206         assert(bus);
1207         assert(args);
1208
1209         dbus_error_init(&error);
1210
1211         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1212                 const char *path = NULL;
1213                 const char *state;
1214                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1215
1216                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1217                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1218                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1219                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1220                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1221                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1222                         r = -ENOMEM;
1223                         goto finish;
1224                 }
1225
1226                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1227                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1228                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1229                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1230                         r = -ENOMEM;
1231                         goto finish;
1232                 }
1233
1234                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1235
1236                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1237                         if (!arg_quiet)
1238                                 puts("unknown");
1239
1240                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1241                         continue;
1242                 }
1243
1244                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1245                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1246                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1247                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
1248                         r = -EIO;
1249                         goto finish;
1250                 }
1251
1252                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1253                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1254                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1255                                       path,
1256                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1257                                       "Get"))) {
1258                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1259                         r = -ENOMEM;
1260                         goto finish;
1261                 }
1262
1263                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1264                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1265                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1266                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1267                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1268                         r = -ENOMEM;
1269                         goto finish;
1270                 }
1271
1272                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1273                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1274                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
1275                         r = -EIO;
1276                         goto finish;
1277                 }
1278
1279                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1280                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1281                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1282                         r = -EIO;
1283                         goto finish;
1284                 }
1285
1286                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1287
1288                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1289                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1290                         r = -EIO;
1291                         goto finish;
1292                 }
1293
1294                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1295
1296                 if (!arg_quiet)
1297                         puts(state);
1298
1299                 if (streq(state, "active") || startswith(state, "reloading"))
1300                         r = 0;
1301
1302                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1303                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1304                 m = reply = NULL;
1305         }
1306
1307 finish:
1308         if (m)
1309                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1310
1311         if (reply)
1312                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1313
1314         dbus_error_free(&error);
1315
1316         return r;
1317 }
1318
1319 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1320         char *path;
1321         char **argv;
1322
1323         bool ignore;
1324
1325         usec_t start_timestamp;
1326         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1327         pid_t pid;
1328         int code;
1329         int status;
1330
1331         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1332 } ExecStatusInfo;
1333
1334 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1335         assert(i);
1336
1337         free(i->path);
1338         strv_free(i->argv);
1339         free(i);
1340 }
1341
1342 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1343         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1344         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1345         const char*path;
1346         unsigned n;
1347         uint32_t pid;
1348         int32_t code, status;
1349         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1350
1351         assert(i);
1352         assert(i);
1353
1354         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1355                 return -EIO;
1356
1357         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1358
1359         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1360                 return -EIO;
1361
1362         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1363                 return -ENOMEM;
1364
1365         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1366             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1367                 return -EIO;
1368
1369         n = 0;
1370         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1371         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1372                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1373                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1374                 n++;
1375         }
1376
1377
1378         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1379                 return -ENOMEM;
1380
1381         n = 0;
1382         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1383         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1384                 const char *s;
1385
1386                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1387                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1388                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1389
1390                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1391                         return -ENOMEM;
1392         }
1393
1394         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1395             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1396             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1397             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1398             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1399             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1400             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1401                 return -EIO;
1402
1403         i->ignore = ignore;
1404         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1405         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1406         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1407         i->code = code;
1408         i->status = status;
1409
1410         return 0;
1411 }
1412
1413 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1414         const char *id;
1415         const char *load_state;
1416         const char *active_state;
1417         const char *sub_state;
1418
1419         const char *description;
1420
1421         const char *path;
1422         const char *default_control_group;
1423
1424         bool need_daemon_reload;
1425
1426         /* Service */
1427         pid_t main_pid;
1428         pid_t control_pid;
1429         const char *status_text;
1430         bool running;
1431
1432         usec_t start_timestamp;
1433         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1434
1435         int exit_code, exit_status;
1436
1437         /* Socket */
1438         unsigned n_accepted;
1439         unsigned n_connections;
1440         bool accept;
1441
1442         /* Device */
1443         const char *sysfs_path;
1444
1445         /* Mount, Automount */
1446         const char *where;
1447
1448         /* Swap */
1449         const char *what;
1450
1451         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1452 } UnitStatusInfo;
1453
1454 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1455         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1456         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1457
1458         assert(i);
1459
1460         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1461          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1462
1463         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1464
1465         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1466                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1467
1468         printf("\n");
1469
1470         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed")) {
1471                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1472                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1473         } else
1474                 on = off = "";
1475
1476         if (i->path)
1477                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1478         else
1479                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1480
1481         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1482
1483         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "maintenance")) {
1484                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1485                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1486         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1487                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1488                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1489         } else
1490                 on = off = "";
1491
1492         if (ss)
1493                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s\n",
1494                        on,
1495                        strna(i->active_state),
1496                        ss,
1497                        off);
1498         else
1499                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s\n",
1500                        on,
1501                        strna(i->active_state),
1502                        off);
1503
1504         if (i->sysfs_path)
1505                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1506         else if (i->where)
1507                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1508         else if (i->what)
1509                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1510
1511         if (i->accept)
1512                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1513
1514         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1515                 char *t;
1516
1517                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1518                 if (p->code == 0)
1519                         continue;
1520
1521                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1522                 printf("\t  Exited: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1523                 free(t);
1524
1525                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED)
1526                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1527                 else
1528                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1529                 printf(")\n");
1530
1531                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1532                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1533                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1534                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1535                         i->main_pid = 0;
1536
1537                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1538                         i->control_pid = 0;
1539         }
1540
1541         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1542                 printf("\t");
1543
1544                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1545                         printf("    Main: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1546
1547                         if (i->running) {
1548                                 char *t = NULL;
1549                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1550                                 if (t) {
1551                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1552                                         free(t);
1553                                 }
1554                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1555                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1556
1557                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED)
1558                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1559                                 else
1560                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1561                                 printf(")");
1562                         }
1563                 }
1564
1565                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1566                         printf(";");
1567
1568                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1569                         char *t = NULL;
1570
1571                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1572
1573                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1574                         if (t) {
1575                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1576                                 free(t);
1577                         }
1578                 }
1579
1580                 printf("\n");
1581         }
1582
1583         if (i->status_text)
1584                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1585
1586         if (i->default_control_group) {
1587                 unsigned c;
1588
1589                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1590
1591                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1592                         c -= 18;
1593                 else
1594                         c = 0;
1595
1596                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1597         }
1598
1599         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1600                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1601                        ansi_highlight(true),
1602                        ansi_highlight(false),
1603                        arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1604 }
1605
1606 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1607
1608         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1609
1610         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1611                 const char *s;
1612
1613                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1614
1615                 if (s[0]) {
1616                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1617                                 i->id = s;
1618                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1619                                 i->load_state = s;
1620                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1621                                 i->active_state = s;
1622                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1623                                 i->sub_state = s;
1624                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1625                                 i->description = s;
1626                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1627                                 i->path = s;
1628                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath"))
1629                                 i->path = s;
1630                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1631                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1632                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1633                                 i->status_text = s;
1634                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1635                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1636                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1637                                 i->where = s;
1638                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1639                                 i->what = s;
1640                 }
1641
1642                 break;
1643         }
1644
1645         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1646                 dbus_bool_t b;
1647
1648                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1649
1650                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
1651                         i->accept = b;
1652                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
1653                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
1654
1655                 break;
1656         }
1657
1658         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1659                 uint32_t u;
1660
1661                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1662
1663                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
1664                         if (u > 0) {
1665                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1666                                 i->running = true;
1667                         }
1668                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
1669                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
1670                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
1671                         if (u > 0)
1672                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1673                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
1674                         i->n_accepted = u;
1675                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
1676                         i->n_connections = u;
1677
1678                 break;
1679         }
1680
1681         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1682                 int32_t j;
1683
1684                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
1685
1686                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
1687                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
1688                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
1689                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
1690
1691                 break;
1692         }
1693
1694         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1695                 uint64_t u;
1696
1697                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1698
1699                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
1700                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1701                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
1702                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1703
1704                 break;
1705         }
1706
1707         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1708
1709                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
1710                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1711                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1712
1713                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1714                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1715                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
1716                                 int r;
1717
1718                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
1719                                         return -ENOMEM;
1720
1721                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
1722                                         free(info);
1723                                         return r;
1724                                 }
1725
1726                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
1727
1728                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1729                         }
1730                 }
1731
1732                 break;
1733         }
1734         }
1735
1736         return 0;
1737 }
1738
1739 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
1740         assert(name);
1741         assert(iter);
1742
1743         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
1744          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
1745
1746         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
1747                 return 0;
1748
1749         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1750
1751         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1752                 const char *s;
1753                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1754
1755                 if (arg_all || s[0])
1756                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1757
1758                 return 0;
1759         }
1760
1761         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1762                 dbus_bool_t b;
1763                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1764                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
1765
1766                 return 0;
1767         }
1768
1769         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1770                 uint64_t u;
1771                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1772
1773                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
1774                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
1775
1776                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
1777                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
1778
1779                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
1780                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
1781                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
1782                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1783
1784                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
1785                 } else
1786                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
1787
1788                 return 0;
1789         }
1790
1791         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1792                 uint32_t u;
1793                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1794
1795                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
1796                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
1797                 else
1798                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1799
1800                 return 0;
1801         }
1802
1803         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1804                 int32_t i;
1805                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
1806
1807                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
1808                 return 0;
1809         }
1810
1811         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
1812                 DBusMessageIter sub;
1813                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1814
1815                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
1816                         uint32_t u;
1817
1818                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
1819
1820                         if (u)
1821                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1822                         else if (arg_all)
1823                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
1824
1825                         return 0;
1826                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
1827                         const char *s;
1828
1829                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
1830
1831                         if (arg_all || s[0])
1832                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1833
1834                         return 0;
1835                 }
1836
1837                 break;
1838         }
1839
1840         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
1841
1842                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
1843                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1844                         bool space = false;
1845
1846                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1847                         if (arg_all ||
1848                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1849                                 printf("%s=", name);
1850
1851                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1852                                         const char *s;
1853
1854                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1855                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
1856                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
1857
1858                                         space = true;
1859                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1860                                 }
1861
1862                                 puts("");
1863                         }
1864
1865                         return 0;
1866
1867                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
1868                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1869
1870                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1871                         if (arg_all ||
1872                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1873                                 printf("%s=", name);
1874
1875                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1876                                         uint8_t u;
1877
1878                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
1879                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
1880                                         printf("%02x", u);
1881
1882                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1883                                 }
1884
1885                                 puts("");
1886                         }
1887
1888                         return 0;
1889
1890                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
1891                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
1892
1893                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1894                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1895                                 const char *type, *path;
1896
1897                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1898
1899                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
1900                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
1901                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
1902
1903                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1904                         }
1905
1906                         return 0;
1907
1908                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
1909                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
1910
1911                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1912                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1913                                 const char *base;
1914                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
1915
1916                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1917
1918                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
1919                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
1920                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
1921                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1922
1923                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
1924                                                base,
1925                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
1926                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
1927                                 }
1928
1929                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1930                         }
1931
1932                         return 0;
1933
1934                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1935                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1936
1937                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1938                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1939                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
1940
1941                                 zero(info);
1942                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
1943                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
1944                                         char *t;
1945
1946                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
1947
1948                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
1949                                                name,
1950                                                strna(info.path),
1951                                                strna(t),
1952                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
1953                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
1954                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
1955                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
1956                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
1957                                                info.status,
1958                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
1959                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
1960
1961                                         free(t);
1962                                 }
1963
1964                                 free(info.path);
1965                                 strv_free(info.argv);
1966
1967                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1968                         }
1969
1970                         return 0;
1971                 }
1972
1973                 break;
1974         }
1975
1976         if (arg_all)
1977                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
1978
1979         return 0;
1980 }
1981
1982 static int show_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
1983         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1984         const char *interface = "";
1985         int r;
1986         DBusError error;
1987         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
1988         UnitStatusInfo info;
1989         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1990
1991         assert(bus);
1992         assert(path);
1993         assert(new_line);
1994
1995         zero(info);
1996         dbus_error_init(&error);
1997
1998         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1999                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2000                               path,
2001                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2002                               "GetAll"))) {
2003                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2004                 r = -ENOMEM;
2005                 goto finish;
2006         }
2007
2008         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2009                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2010                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2011                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2012                 r = -ENOMEM;
2013                 goto finish;
2014         }
2015
2016         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2017                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2018                 r = -EIO;
2019                 goto finish;
2020         }
2021
2022         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2023             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2024             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2025                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2026                 r = -EIO;
2027                 goto finish;
2028         }
2029
2030         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2031
2032         if (*new_line)
2033                 printf("\n");
2034
2035         *new_line = true;
2036
2037         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2038                 const char *name;
2039
2040                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2041                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2042                         r = -EIO;
2043                         goto finish;
2044                 }
2045
2046                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2047
2048                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2049                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2050                         r = -EIO;
2051                         goto finish;
2052                 }
2053
2054                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2055                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2056                         r = -EIO;
2057                         goto finish;
2058                 }
2059
2060                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2061
2062                 if (show_properties)
2063                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2064                 else
2065                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2066
2067                 if (r < 0) {
2068                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2069                         r = -EIO;
2070                         goto finish;
2071                 }
2072
2073                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2074         }
2075
2076         if (!show_properties)
2077                 print_status_info(&info);
2078
2079         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2080                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2081                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2082         }
2083
2084         r = 0;
2085
2086 finish:
2087         if (m)
2088                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2089
2090         if (reply)
2091                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2092
2093         dbus_error_free(&error);
2094
2095         return r;
2096 }
2097
2098 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2099         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2100         int r;
2101         DBusError error;
2102         unsigned i;
2103         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2104
2105         assert(bus);
2106         assert(args);
2107
2108         dbus_error_init(&error);
2109
2110         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2111
2112         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2113                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2114                  * itself */
2115
2116                 r = show_one(bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2117                 goto finish;
2118         }
2119
2120         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2121                 const char *path = NULL;
2122                 uint32_t id;
2123
2124                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2125
2126                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2127
2128                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2129                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2130                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2131                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2132                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2133                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2134                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2135                                 goto finish;
2136                         }
2137
2138                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2139                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2140                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2141                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2142                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2143                                 goto finish;
2144                         }
2145
2146                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2147
2148                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2149                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2150                                         r = -EIO;
2151                                         goto finish;
2152                                 }
2153
2154                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2155
2156                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2157                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2158                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2159                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2160                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2161                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2162                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2163                                         r = -ENOMEM;
2164                                         goto finish;
2165                                 }
2166
2167                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2168                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2169                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2170                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2171                                         r = -ENOMEM;
2172                                         goto finish;
2173                                 }
2174
2175                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2176                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2177                                         r = -EIO;
2178                                         goto finish;
2179                                 }
2180                         }
2181
2182                 } else if (show_properties) {
2183
2184                         /* Interpret as job id */
2185
2186                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2187                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2188                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2189                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2190                                               "GetJob"))) {
2191                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2192                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2193                                 goto finish;
2194                         }
2195
2196                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2197                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2198                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2199                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2200                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2201                                 goto finish;
2202                         }
2203
2204                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2205                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2206                                 r = -EIO;
2207                                 goto finish;
2208                         }
2209                 } else {
2210
2211                         /* Interpret as PID */
2212
2213                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2214                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2215                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2216                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2217                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2218                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2219                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2220                                 goto finish;
2221                         }
2222
2223                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2224                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2225                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2226                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2227                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2228                                 goto finish;
2229                         }
2230
2231                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2232                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2233                                 r = -EIO;
2234                                 goto finish;
2235                         }
2236                 }
2237
2238                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2239                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2240                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2241                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2242                         r = -EIO;
2243                         goto finish;
2244                 }
2245
2246                 if ((r = show_one(bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) < 0)
2247                         goto finish;
2248
2249                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2250                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2251                 m = reply = NULL;
2252         }
2253
2254         r = 0;
2255
2256 finish:
2257         if (m)
2258                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2259
2260         if (reply)
2261                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2262
2263         dbus_error_free(&error);
2264
2265         return r;
2266 }
2267
2268 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2269         DBusError error;
2270         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2271
2272         assert(connection);
2273         assert(message);
2274
2275         dbus_error_init(&error);
2276
2277         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2278                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2279                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2280                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2281
2282         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2283                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2284                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2285
2286         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2287                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2288                 const char *id, *path;
2289
2290                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2291                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2292                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2293                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2294                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
2295                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2296                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2297                 else
2298                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2299
2300         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2301                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2302                 uint32_t id;
2303                 const char *path;
2304
2305                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2306                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2307                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2308                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2309                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
2310                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2311                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2312                 else
2313                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2314
2315
2316         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit", "Changed") ||
2317                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job", "Changed")) {
2318
2319                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2320                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2321
2322                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2323                 interface = dbus_message_get_interface(message);
2324
2325                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2326                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2327                               path,
2328                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2329                               "Get"))) {
2330                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2331                         goto oom;
2332                 }
2333
2334                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2335                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2336                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2337                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2338                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2339                         goto finish;
2340                 }
2341
2342                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2343                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2344                         goto finish;
2345                 }
2346
2347                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2348                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2349                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2350                         goto finish;
2351                 }
2352
2353                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2354
2355                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2356                         const char *id;
2357
2358                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2359                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2360                                 goto finish;
2361                         }
2362
2363                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2364                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2365                 } else {
2366                         uint32_t id;
2367
2368                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2369                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2370                                 goto finish;
2371                         }
2372
2373                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2374                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2375                 }
2376         }
2377
2378 finish:
2379         if (m)
2380                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2381
2382         if (reply)
2383                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2384
2385         dbus_error_free(&error);
2386         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2387
2388 oom:
2389         if (m)
2390                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2391
2392         if (reply)
2393                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2394
2395         dbus_error_free(&error);
2396         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2397 }
2398
2399 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2400         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2401         DBusError error;
2402         int r;
2403
2404         dbus_error_init(&error);
2405
2406         if (!private_bus) {
2407                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2408                                    "type='signal',"
2409                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2410                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2411                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2412                                    &error);
2413
2414                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2415                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2416                         r = -EIO;
2417                         goto finish;
2418                 }
2419
2420                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2421                                    "type='signal',"
2422                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2423                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit',"
2424                                    "member='Changed'",
2425                                    &error);
2426
2427                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2428                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2429                         r = -EIO;
2430                         goto finish;
2431                 }
2432
2433                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2434                                    "type='signal',"
2435                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2436                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job',"
2437                                    "member='Changed'",
2438                                    &error);
2439
2440                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2441                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2442                         r = -EIO;
2443                         goto finish;
2444                 }
2445         }
2446
2447         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2448                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2449                 r = -ENOMEM;
2450                 goto finish;
2451         }
2452
2453         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2454                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2455                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2456                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2457                               "Subscribe"))) {
2458                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2459                 r = -ENOMEM;
2460                 goto finish;
2461         }
2462
2463         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2464                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2465                 r = -EIO;
2466                 goto finish;
2467         }
2468
2469         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2470                 ;
2471
2472         r = 0;
2473
2474 finish:
2475
2476         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2477
2478         if (m)
2479                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2480
2481         if (reply)
2482                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2483
2484         dbus_error_free(&error);
2485
2486         return r;
2487 }
2488
2489 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2490         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2491         DBusError error;
2492         int r;
2493         const char *text;
2494
2495         dbus_error_init(&error);
2496
2497         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2498                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2499                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2500                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2501                               "Dump"))) {
2502                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2503                 return -ENOMEM;
2504         }
2505
2506         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2507                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2508                 r = -EIO;
2509                 goto finish;
2510         }
2511
2512         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2513                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2514                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2515                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2516                 r = -EIO;
2517                 goto finish;
2518         }
2519
2520         fputs(text, stdout);
2521
2522         r = 0;
2523
2524 finish:
2525         if (m)
2526                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2527
2528         if (reply)
2529                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2530
2531         dbus_error_free(&error);
2532
2533         return r;
2534 }
2535
2536 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2537         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2538         DBusError error;
2539         int r;
2540         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2541         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2542         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2543         const char
2544                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2545                 *property = "Id";
2546
2547         dbus_error_init(&error);
2548
2549         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2550                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2551                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2552                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2553                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2554                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2555                 return -ENOMEM;
2556         }
2557
2558         if (n > 1)
2559                 name = args[1];
2560
2561         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2562                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2563                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2564                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2565                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2566                 r = -ENOMEM;
2567                 goto finish;
2568         }
2569
2570         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2571                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2572                 r = -EIO;
2573                 goto finish;
2574         }
2575
2576         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2577                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2578                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2579                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2580                 r = -EIO;
2581                 goto finish;
2582         }
2583
2584         dbus_message_unref(m);
2585         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2586                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2587                               path,
2588                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2589                               "Get"))) {
2590                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2591                 return -ENOMEM;
2592         }
2593
2594         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2595                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2596                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2597                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2598                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2599                 r = -ENOMEM;
2600                 goto finish;
2601         }
2602
2603         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2604         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2605                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2606                 r = -EIO;
2607                 goto finish;
2608         }
2609
2610         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2611             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2612                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2613                 r = -EIO;
2614                 goto finish;
2615         }
2616
2617         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2618
2619         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2620                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2621                 r = -EIO;
2622                 goto finish;
2623         }
2624
2625         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2626
2627         if (!arg_quiet)
2628                 puts(id);
2629         r = 0;
2630
2631 finish:
2632         if (m)
2633                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2634
2635         if (reply)
2636                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2637
2638         dbus_error_free(&error);
2639
2640         return r;
2641 }
2642
2643 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2644         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2645         int r;
2646         DBusError error;
2647         unsigned i;
2648
2649         assert(bus);
2650         assert(args);
2651
2652         dbus_error_init(&error);
2653
2654         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2655                 const char *path = NULL;
2656
2657                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2658                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2659                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2660                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2661                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2662                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2663                         r = -ENOMEM;
2664                         goto finish;
2665                 }
2666
2667                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2668                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2669                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2670                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2671                         r = -ENOMEM;
2672                         goto finish;
2673                 }
2674
2675                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2676                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2677                         r = -EIO;
2678                         goto finish;
2679                 }
2680
2681                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2682                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2683                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2684                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2685                         r = -EIO;
2686                         goto finish;
2687                 }
2688
2689                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2690                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2691                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2692                                       path,
2693                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
2694                                       "Remove"))) {
2695                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2696                         r = -ENOMEM;
2697                         goto finish;
2698                 }
2699
2700                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2701                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2702                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2703                         r = -EIO;
2704                         goto finish;
2705                 }
2706
2707                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2708                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2709                 m = reply = NULL;
2710         }
2711
2712         r = 0;
2713
2714 finish:
2715         if (m)
2716                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2717
2718         if (reply)
2719                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2720
2721         dbus_error_free(&error);
2722
2723         return r;
2724 }
2725
2726 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2727         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2728         DBusError error;
2729         int r;
2730         const char *method;
2731
2732         dbus_error_init(&error);
2733
2734         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
2735                 method = "Reload";
2736         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
2737                 method = "Reexecute";
2738         else {
2739                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
2740
2741                 method =
2742                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")        ||
2743                         streq(args[0], "cancel")            ? "ClearJobs" :
2744                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec")     ? "Reexecute" :
2745                         streq(args[0], "reset-maintenance") ? "ResetMaintenance" :
2746                         streq(args[0], "daemon-exit")       ? "Exit" :
2747                                                               "Reload";
2748         }
2749
2750         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2751                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2752                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2753                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2754                               method))) {
2755                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2756                 return -ENOMEM;
2757         }
2758
2759         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2760
2761                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
2762                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
2763                          * legacy actions. */
2764                         r = 0;
2765                         goto finish;
2766                 }
2767
2768                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2769                 r = -EIO;
2770                 goto finish;
2771         }
2772
2773         r = 1;
2774
2775 finish:
2776         if (m)
2777                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2778
2779         if (reply)
2780                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2781
2782         dbus_error_free(&error);
2783
2784         return r;
2785 }
2786
2787 static int reset_maintenance(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2788         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2789         unsigned i;
2790         int r;
2791         DBusError error;
2792
2793         assert(bus);
2794         dbus_error_init(&error);
2795
2796         if (n <= 1)
2797                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
2798
2799         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2800
2801                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2802                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2803                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2804                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2805                                       "ResetMaintenanceUnit"))) {
2806                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2807                         r = -ENOMEM;
2808                         goto finish;
2809                 }
2810
2811                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2812                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
2813                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2814                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2815                         r = -ENOMEM;
2816                         goto finish;
2817                 }
2818
2819                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2820                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2821                         r = -EIO;
2822                         goto finish;
2823                 }
2824
2825                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2826                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2827                 m = reply = NULL;
2828         }
2829
2830         r = 0;
2831
2832 finish:
2833         if (m)
2834                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2835
2836         if (reply)
2837                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2838
2839         dbus_error_free(&error);
2840
2841         return r;
2842 }
2843
2844 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2845         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2846         DBusError error;
2847         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
2848         int r;
2849         const char
2850                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2851                 *property = "Environment";
2852
2853         dbus_error_init(&error);
2854
2855         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2856                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2857                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2858                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2859                               "Get"))) {
2860                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2861                 return -ENOMEM;
2862         }
2863
2864         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2865                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2866                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2867                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2868                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2869                 r = -ENOMEM;
2870                 goto finish;
2871         }
2872
2873         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2874                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2875                 r = -EIO;
2876                 goto finish;
2877         }
2878
2879         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2880             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2881                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2882                 r = -EIO;
2883                 goto finish;
2884         }
2885
2886         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2887
2888         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2889             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2890                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2891                 r = -EIO;
2892                 goto finish;
2893         }
2894
2895         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2896
2897         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2898                 const char *text;
2899
2900                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2901                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2902                         r = -EIO;
2903                         goto finish;
2904                 }
2905
2906                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
2907                 printf("%s\n", text);
2908
2909                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
2910         }
2911
2912         r = 0;
2913
2914 finish:
2915         if (m)
2916                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2917
2918         if (reply)
2919                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2920
2921         dbus_error_free(&error);
2922
2923         return r;
2924 }
2925
2926 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2927         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2928         DBusError error;
2929         int r;
2930         const char *method;
2931         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2932         unsigned i;
2933
2934         dbus_error_init(&error);
2935
2936         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
2937                 ? "SetEnvironment"
2938                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
2939
2940         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2941                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2942                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2943                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2944                               method))) {
2945
2946                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2947                 return -ENOMEM;
2948         }
2949
2950         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
2951
2952         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
2953                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2954                 r = -ENOMEM;
2955                 goto finish;
2956         }
2957
2958         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
2959                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
2960                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2961                         r = -ENOMEM;
2962                         goto finish;
2963                 }
2964
2965         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
2966                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2967                 r = -ENOMEM;
2968                 goto finish;
2969         }
2970
2971         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2972                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2973                 r = -EIO;
2974                 goto finish;
2975         }
2976
2977         r = 0;
2978
2979 finish:
2980         if (m)
2981                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2982
2983         if (reply)
2984                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2985
2986         dbus_error_free(&error);
2987
2988         return r;
2989 }
2990
2991 typedef struct {
2992         char *name;
2993         char *path;
2994
2995         char **aliases;
2996         char **wanted_by;
2997 } InstallInfo;
2998
2999 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3000 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3001
3002 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3003         assert(i);
3004
3005         free(i->name);
3006         free(i->path);
3007         strv_free(i->aliases);
3008         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3009         free(i);
3010 }
3011
3012 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3013         InstallInfo *i;
3014
3015         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3016                 install_info_free(i);
3017
3018         hashmap_free(m);
3019 }
3020
3021 static bool unit_name_valid(const char *name) {
3022
3023         /* This is a minimal version of unit_name_valid() from
3024          * unit-name.c */
3025
3026         if (!*name)
3027                 return false;
3028
3029         if (ignore_file(name))
3030                 return false;
3031
3032         return true;
3033 }
3034
3035 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3036         InstallInfo *i;
3037         int r;
3038
3039         assert(will_install);
3040
3041         if (!unit_name_valid(name))
3042                 return -EINVAL;
3043
3044         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3045             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3046                 return 0;
3047
3048         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3049                 r = -ENOMEM;
3050                 goto fail;
3051         }
3052
3053         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3054                 r = -ENOMEM;
3055                 goto fail;
3056         }
3057
3058         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3059                 goto fail;
3060
3061         return 0;
3062
3063 fail:
3064         if (i)
3065                 install_info_free(i);
3066
3067         return r;
3068 }
3069
3070 static int config_parse_also(
3071                 const char *filename,
3072                 unsigned line,
3073                 const char *section,
3074                 const char *lvalue,
3075                 const char *rvalue,
3076                 void *data,
3077                 void *userdata) {
3078
3079         char *w;
3080         size_t l;
3081         char *state;
3082
3083         assert(filename);
3084         assert(lvalue);
3085         assert(rvalue);
3086
3087         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3088                 char *n;
3089                 int r;
3090
3091                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3092                         return -ENOMEM;
3093
3094                 r = install_info_add(n);
3095                 free(n);
3096
3097                 if (r < 0)
3098                         return r;
3099         }
3100
3101         return 0;
3102 }
3103
3104 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3105         char *n;
3106         int r;
3107
3108         assert(p);
3109         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3110
3111         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3112                 return 0;
3113
3114         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3115                 return -ENOMEM;
3116
3117         path_kill_slashes(n);
3118
3119         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3120                 free(n);
3121                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3122         }
3123
3124         return 0;
3125 }
3126
3127 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3128         int r = 0;
3129         DIR *d;
3130         struct dirent *de;
3131
3132         assert(fd >= 0);
3133         assert(root);
3134         assert(deleted);
3135
3136         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3137                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3138                 return -errno;
3139         }
3140
3141         rewinddir(d);
3142
3143         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3144                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3145
3146                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3147                         continue;
3148
3149                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3150                         is_link = true;
3151                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3152                         is_dir = true;
3153                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3154                         struct stat st;
3155
3156                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3157                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3158
3159                                 if (r == 0)
3160                                         r = -errno;
3161                                 continue;
3162                         }
3163
3164                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3165                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3166                 } else
3167                         continue;
3168
3169                 if (is_dir) {
3170                         int nfd, q;
3171                         char *p;
3172
3173                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3174                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3175
3176                                 if (r == 0)
3177                                         r = -errno;
3178                                 continue;
3179                         }
3180
3181                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3182                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3183                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3184                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3185                                 break;
3186                         }
3187
3188                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3189                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3190                         free(p);
3191
3192                         if (r == 0)
3193                                 r = q;
3194
3195                 } else if (is_link) {
3196                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3197                         int q;
3198
3199                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3200                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3201                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3202                                 break;
3203                         }
3204
3205                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3206                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3207                                 free(p);
3208
3209                                 if (r == 0)
3210                                         r = q;
3211                                 continue;
3212                         }
3213
3214                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3215                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3216                                  * is already removed */
3217
3218                                 free(dest);
3219                                 dest = c;
3220                         }
3221
3222                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3223                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3224
3225                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3226                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3227
3228                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3229                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3230
3231                                         if (r == 0)
3232                                                 r = -errno;
3233                                 } else {
3234                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3235                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3236
3237                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3238
3239                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3240                                                         if (r == 0)
3241                                                                 r = q;
3242                                                 } else
3243                                                         *deleted = true;
3244                                         }
3245                                 }
3246                         }
3247
3248                         free(p);
3249                         free(dest);
3250                 }
3251         }
3252
3253         closedir(d);
3254
3255         return r;
3256 }
3257
3258 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3259         int fd, r = 0;
3260         bool deleted;
3261
3262         assert(config_path);
3263
3264         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3265                 return 0;
3266
3267         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3268                 return -errno;
3269
3270         do {
3271                 int q, cfd;
3272                 deleted = false;
3273
3274                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3275                         r = -errno;
3276                         break;
3277                 }
3278
3279                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3280                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3281                         if (r == 0)
3282                                 r = q;
3283                 }
3284         } while (deleted);
3285
3286         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3287
3288         return r;
3289 }
3290
3291 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3292         int r;
3293
3294         assert(old_path);
3295         assert(new_path);
3296         assert(verb);
3297
3298         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3299                 char *dest;
3300
3301                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3302
3303                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3304
3305                         if (!arg_quiet)
3306                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3307
3308                         return 0;
3309                 }
3310
3311                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3312                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3313                         return -errno;
3314                 }
3315
3316                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3317
3318                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3319                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3320                                 return -EEXIST;
3321                         }
3322
3323                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3324                         return r;
3325                 }
3326
3327                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3328                         free(dest);
3329                         return 0;
3330                 }
3331
3332                 if (!arg_force) {
3333                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3334                         free(dest);
3335                         return -EEXIST;
3336                 }
3337
3338                 free(dest);
3339                 unlink(new_path);
3340
3341                 if (!arg_quiet)
3342                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3343
3344                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3345                         return 0;
3346
3347                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3348                 return -errno;
3349
3350         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3351                 char *dest;
3352
3353                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3354                         return r;
3355
3356                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3357                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3358                                 return 0;
3359
3360                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3361                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3362                                 return 0;
3363                         }
3364
3365                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3366                         return r;
3367                 }
3368
3369                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3370                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3371                         free(dest);
3372                         return 0;
3373                 }
3374
3375                 free(dest);
3376
3377                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3378                         return r;
3379
3380                 if (!arg_quiet)
3381                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3382
3383                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3384                         return 0;
3385
3386                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3387                 return -errno;
3388
3389         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3390                 char *dest;
3391
3392                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3393
3394                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3395                                 return 0;
3396
3397                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3398                         return r;
3399                 }
3400
3401                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3402                         free(dest);
3403                         return 1;
3404                 }
3405
3406                 return 0;
3407         }
3408
3409         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3410 }
3411
3412 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3413         char **s;
3414         char *alias_path = NULL;
3415         int r;
3416
3417         assert(verb);
3418         assert(i);
3419         assert(config_path);
3420
3421         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3422
3423                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3424                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3425                         r = -EINVAL;
3426                         goto finish;
3427                 }
3428
3429                 free(alias_path);
3430                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3431                         log_error("Out of memory");
3432                         r = -ENOMEM;
3433                         goto finish;
3434                 }
3435
3436                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3437                         goto finish;
3438
3439                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3440                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3441         }
3442
3443         r = 0;
3444
3445 finish:
3446         free(alias_path);
3447
3448         return r;
3449 }
3450
3451 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3452         char **s;
3453         char *alias_path = NULL;
3454         int r;
3455
3456         assert(verb);
3457         assert(i);
3458         assert(config_path);
3459
3460         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3461                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3462                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3463                         r = -EINVAL;
3464                         goto finish;
3465                 }
3466
3467                 free(alias_path);
3468                 alias_path = NULL;
3469
3470                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3471                         log_error("Out of memory");
3472                         r = -ENOMEM;
3473                         goto finish;
3474                 }
3475
3476                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3477                         goto finish;
3478
3479                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3480                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3481         }
3482
3483         r = 0;
3484
3485 finish:
3486         free(alias_path);
3487
3488         return r;
3489 }
3490
3491 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3492
3493         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3494                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3495                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3496                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3497
3498                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3499         };
3500
3501         char **p;
3502         char *filename = NULL;
3503         FILE *f = NULL;
3504         int r;
3505
3506         assert(paths);
3507         assert(i);
3508
3509         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3510                 int fd;
3511
3512                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3513                         log_error("Out of memory");
3514                         return -ENOMEM;
3515                 }
3516
3517                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3518                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3519                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3520                                 break;
3521
3522                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3523                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3524                         free(filename);
3525                         return -errno;
3526                 }
3527
3528                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3529                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3530                         free(filename);
3531                         return -errno;
3532                 }
3533
3534                 free(filename);
3535                 filename = NULL;
3536         }
3537
3538         if (!f) {
3539                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3540                 return -ENOENT;
3541         }
3542
3543         i->path = filename;
3544
3545         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3546                 fclose(f);
3547                 return r;
3548         }
3549
3550         fclose(f);
3551
3552         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3553                 return r;
3554
3555         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3556                 return r;
3557
3558         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3559                 return r;
3560
3561         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3562                 return r;
3563
3564         return 0;
3565 }
3566
3567 static char *get_config_path(void) {
3568
3569         if (arg_session && arg_global)
3570                 return strdup(SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3571
3572         if (arg_session) {
3573                 char *p;
3574
3575                 if (session_config_home(&p) < 0)
3576                         return NULL;
3577
3578                 return p;
3579         }
3580
3581         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3582 }
3583
3584 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3585         DBusError error;
3586         int r;
3587         LookupPaths paths;
3588         char *config_path = NULL;
3589         unsigned j;
3590         InstallInfo *i;
3591         const char *verb = args[0];
3592
3593         dbus_error_init(&error);
3594
3595         zero(paths);
3596         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_session ? MANAGER_SESSION : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
3597                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
3598                 goto finish;
3599         }
3600
3601         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
3602                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
3603                 r = -ENOMEM;
3604                 goto finish;
3605         }
3606
3607         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3608         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3609
3610         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
3611                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
3612                 r = -ENOMEM;
3613                 goto finish;
3614         }
3615
3616         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
3617                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
3618                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
3619                         r = -ENOMEM;
3620                         goto finish;
3621                 }
3622
3623         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
3624                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0)
3625                         goto finish;
3626
3627         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
3628                 int q;
3629
3630                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
3631
3632                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
3633
3634                         if (q < 0) {
3635                                 if (r == 0)
3636                                         r = q;
3637                                 goto finish;
3638                         }
3639
3640                         /* In test mode and found something */
3641                         r = 1;
3642                         break;
3643                 }
3644         }
3645
3646         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3647                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
3648         else if (bus &&
3649                  /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
3650                  !arg_no_reload &&
3651                  /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
3652                  !arg_global &&
3653                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
3654                  (arg_session || sd_booted() > 0) &&
3655                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
3656                  (arg_session || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
3657                 int q;
3658
3659                 if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
3660                         r = q;
3661         }
3662
3663 finish:
3664         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
3665         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
3666
3667         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
3668
3669         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3670
3671         free(config_path);
3672
3673         return r;
3674 }
3675
3676 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3677
3678         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3679                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
3680                "  -h --help          Show this help\n"
3681                "  -t --type=TYPE     List only units of a particular type\n"
3682                "  -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"
3683                "  -a --all           Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3684                "     --full          Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3685                "     --fail          When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3686                "                     pending\n"
3687                "  -q --quiet         Suppress output\n"
3688                "     --no-block      Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3689                "     --system        Connect to system bus\n"
3690                "     --session       Connect to session bus\n"
3691                "     --order         When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3692                "     --require       When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3693                "     --no-wall       Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3694                "     --global        Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3695                "     --no-reload     When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3696                "                     configuration\n"
3697                "     --force         When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3698                "     --defaults      When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
3699                "Commands:\n"
3700                "  list-units                      List units\n"
3701                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3702                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3703                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3704                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3705                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3706                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3707                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3708                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3709                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3710                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3711                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3712                "  status [NAME...]                Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3713                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3714                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3715                "  reset-maintenance [NAME...]     Reset maintenance state for all, one,\n"
3716                "                                  or more units\n"
3717                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3718                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3719                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
3720                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
3721                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3722                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
3723                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
3724                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3725                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
3726                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3727                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
3728                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3729                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
3730                "  daemon-exit                     Ask the systemd manager to quit\n"
3731                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3732                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3733                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
3734                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3735                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3736                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3737                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3738                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3739                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n",
3740                program_invocation_short_name);
3741
3742         return 0;
3743 }
3744
3745 static int halt_help(void) {
3746
3747         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3748                "%s the system.\n\n"
3749                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3750                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3751                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
3752                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3753                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3754                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
3755                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
3756                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3757                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3758                program_invocation_short_name,
3759                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
3760                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
3761                                                "Halt");
3762
3763         return 0;
3764 }
3765
3766 static int shutdown_help(void) {
3767
3768         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [now] [WALL...]\n\n"
3769                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
3770                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3771                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3772                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
3773                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3774                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
3775                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
3776                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3777                program_invocation_short_name);
3778
3779         return 0;
3780 }
3781
3782 static int telinit_help(void) {
3783
3784         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
3785                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
3786                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3787                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
3788                "Commands:\n"
3789                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
3790                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
3791                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
3792                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
3793                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
3794                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
3795                program_invocation_short_name);
3796
3797         return 0;
3798 }
3799
3800 static int runlevel_help(void) {
3801
3802         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3803                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
3804                "     --help      Show this help\n",
3805                program_invocation_short_name);
3806
3807         return 0;
3808 }
3809
3810 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
3811
3812         enum {
3813                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
3814                 ARG_SESSION,
3815                 ARG_SYSTEM,
3816                 ARG_GLOBAL,
3817                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
3818                 ARG_NO_WALL,
3819                 ARG_ORDER,
3820                 ARG_REQUIRE,
3821                 ARG_FULL,
3822                 ARG_FORCE,
3823                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
3824                 ARG_DEFAULTS
3825         };
3826
3827         static const struct option options[] = {
3828                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
3829                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
3830                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
3831                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
3832                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
3833                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
3834                 { "session",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SESSION   },
3835                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
3836                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
3837                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
3838                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
3839                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
3840                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
3841                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
3842                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
3843                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
3844                 { "defaults",   no_argument,      NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
3845                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
3846         };
3847
3848         int c;
3849
3850         assert(argc >= 0);
3851         assert(argv);
3852
3853         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aq", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
3854
3855                 switch (c) {
3856
3857                 case 'h':
3858                         systemctl_help();
3859                         return 0;
3860
3861                 case 't':
3862                         arg_type = optarg;
3863                         break;
3864
3865                 case 'p': {
3866                         char **l;
3867
3868                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
3869                                 return -ENOMEM;
3870
3871                         strv_free(arg_property);
3872                         arg_property = l;
3873
3874                         /* If the user asked for a particular
3875                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
3876                          * empty. */
3877                         arg_all = true;
3878                         break;
3879                 }
3880
3881                 case 'a':
3882                         arg_all = true;
3883                         break;
3884
3885                 case ARG_FAIL:
3886                         arg_fail = true;
3887                         break;
3888
3889                 case ARG_SESSION:
3890                         arg_session = true;
3891                         break;
3892
3893                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
3894                         arg_session = false;
3895                         break;
3896
3897                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
3898                         arg_no_block = true;
3899                         break;
3900
3901                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
3902                         arg_no_wall = true;
3903                         break;
3904
3905                 case ARG_ORDER:
3906                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
3907                         break;
3908
3909                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
3910                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
3911                         break;
3912
3913                 case ARG_FULL:
3914                         arg_full = true;
3915                         break;
3916
3917                 case 'q':
3918                         arg_quiet = true;
3919                         break;
3920
3921                 case ARG_FORCE:
3922                         arg_force = true;
3923                         break;
3924
3925                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
3926                         arg_no_reload = true;
3927                         break;
3928
3929                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
3930                         arg_global = true;
3931                         arg_session = true;
3932                         break;
3933
3934                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
3935                         arg_defaults = true;
3936                         break;
3937
3938                 case '?':
3939                         return -EINVAL;
3940
3941                 default:
3942                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
3943                         return -EINVAL;
3944                 }
3945         }
3946
3947         return 1;
3948 }
3949
3950 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
3951
3952         enum {
3953                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
3954                 ARG_HALT,
3955                 ARG_REBOOT,
3956                 ARG_NO_WALL
3957         };
3958
3959         static const struct option options[] = {
3960                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
3961                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
3962                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
3963                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
3964                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
3965                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
3966                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
3967                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
3968                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
3969                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
3970         };
3971
3972         int c, runlevel;
3973
3974         assert(argc >= 0);
3975         assert(argv);
3976
3977         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
3978                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
3979                         arg_immediate = true;
3980
3981         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
3982                 switch (c) {
3983
3984                 case ARG_HELP:
3985                         halt_help();
3986                         return 0;
3987
3988                 case ARG_HALT:
3989                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
3990                         break;
3991
3992                 case 'p':
3993                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
3994                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
3995                         break;
3996
3997                 case ARG_REBOOT:
3998                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
3999                         break;
4000
4001                 case 'f':
4002                         arg_immediate = true;
4003                         break;
4004
4005                 case 'w':
4006                         arg_dry = true;
4007                         break;
4008
4009                 case 'd':
4010                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4011                         break;
4012
4013                 case 'n':
4014                         arg_no_sync = true;
4015                         break;
4016
4017                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4018                         arg_no_wall = true;
4019                         break;
4020
4021                 case 'i':
4022                 case 'h':
4023                         /* Compatibility nops */
4024                         break;
4025
4026                 case '?':
4027                         return -EINVAL;
4028
4029                 default:
4030                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4031                         return -EINVAL;
4032                 }
4033         }
4034
4035         if (optind < argc) {
4036                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4037                 return -EINVAL;
4038         }
4039
4040         return 1;
4041 }
4042
4043 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4044
4045         enum {
4046                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4047                 ARG_NO_WALL
4048         };
4049
4050         static const struct option options[] = {
4051                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4052                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4053                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4054                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4055                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4056                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4057         };
4058
4059         int c;
4060
4061         assert(argc >= 0);
4062         assert(argv);
4063
4064         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:a", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4065                 switch (c) {
4066
4067                 case ARG_HELP:
4068                         shutdown_help();
4069                         return 0;
4070
4071                 case 'H':
4072                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4073                         break;
4074
4075                 case 'P':
4076                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4077                         break;
4078
4079                 case 'r':
4080                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4081                         break;
4082
4083                 case 'h':
4084                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4085                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4086                         break;
4087
4088                 case 'k':
4089                         arg_dry = true;
4090                         break;
4091
4092                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4093                         arg_no_wall = true;
4094                         break;
4095
4096                 case 't':
4097                 case 'a':
4098                         /* Compatibility nops */
4099                         break;
4100
4101                 case '?':
4102                         return -EINVAL;
4103
4104                 default:
4105                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4106                         return -EINVAL;
4107                 }
4108         }
4109
4110         if (argc > optind && !streq(argv[optind], "now"))
4111                 log_warning("First argument '%s' isn't 'now'. Ignoring.", argv[optind]);
4112
4113         /* We ignore the time argument */
4114         if (argc > optind + 1)
4115                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4116
4117         optind = argc;
4118
4119         return 1;
4120 }
4121
4122 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4123
4124         enum {
4125                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4126                 ARG_NO_WALL
4127         };
4128
4129         static const struct option options[] = {
4130                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4131                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4132                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4133         };
4134
4135         static const struct {
4136                 char from;
4137                 enum action to;
4138         } table[] = {
4139                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4140                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4141                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4142                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4143                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4144                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4145                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4146                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4147                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4148                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4149                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4150                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4151                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4152         };
4153
4154         unsigned i;
4155         int c;
4156
4157         assert(argc >= 0);
4158         assert(argv);
4159
4160         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4161                 switch (c) {
4162
4163                 case ARG_HELP:
4164                         telinit_help();
4165                         return 0;
4166
4167                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4168                         arg_no_wall = true;
4169                         break;
4170
4171                 case '?':
4172                         return -EINVAL;
4173
4174                 default:
4175                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4176                         return -EINVAL;
4177                 }
4178         }
4179
4180         if (optind >= argc) {
4181                 telinit_help();
4182                 return -EINVAL;
4183         }
4184
4185         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4186                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4187                 return -EINVAL;
4188         }
4189
4190         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4191                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4192                 return -EINVAL;
4193         }
4194
4195         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4196                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4197                         break;
4198
4199         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4200                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4201                 return -EINVAL;
4202         }
4203
4204         arg_action = table[i].to;
4205
4206         optind ++;
4207
4208         return 1;
4209 }
4210
4211 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4212
4213         enum {
4214                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4215         };
4216
4217         static const struct option options[] = {
4218                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4219                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4220         };
4221
4222         int c;
4223
4224         assert(argc >= 0);
4225         assert(argv);
4226
4227         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4228                 switch (c) {
4229
4230                 case ARG_HELP:
4231                         runlevel_help();
4232                         return 0;
4233
4234                 case '?':
4235                         return -EINVAL;
4236
4237                 default:
4238                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4239                         return -EINVAL;
4240                 }
4241         }
4242
4243         if (optind < argc) {
4244                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4245                 return -EINVAL;
4246         }
4247
4248         return 1;
4249 }
4250
4251 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4252         assert(argc >= 0);
4253         assert(argv);
4254
4255         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4256
4257                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4258                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4259                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4260                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4261                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4262                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4263                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4264                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4265                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4266                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4267                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4268                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4269                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4270
4271                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4272                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4273                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4274                         } else {
4275                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4276                                  * running, we need to forward this
4277                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4278                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4279
4280                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4281
4282                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4283                                 return -EIO;
4284                         }
4285
4286                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4287                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4288                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4289                 }
4290         }
4291
4292         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4293         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4294 }
4295
4296 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4297
4298         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4299                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4300                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4301                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4302                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4303                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4304                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4305                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4306                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4307         };
4308
4309         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4310
4311         return table[arg_action];
4312 }
4313
4314 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4315         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4316         DBusError error;
4317         int previous, rl, r;
4318         char
4319                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4320                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4321         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4322         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4323         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4324         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4325         DBusConnection *bus;
4326
4327         dbus_error_init(&error);
4328
4329         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4330                 return 0;
4331
4332         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4333                 previous = 'N';
4334
4335         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4336                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4337                         r = 0;
4338                         goto finish;
4339                 }
4340
4341                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", error.message);
4342                 r = -EIO;
4343                 goto finish;
4344         }
4345
4346         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4347                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4348                 goto finish;
4349         }
4350
4351         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4352                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4353                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4354                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4355                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4356
4357                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4358                 r = -ENOMEM;
4359                 goto finish;
4360         }
4361
4362         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4363
4364         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4365         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4366
4367         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4368             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4369             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4370             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4371             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4372             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4373                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4374                 r = -ENOMEM;
4375                 goto finish;
4376         }
4377
4378         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4379
4380                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4381                         r = 0;
4382                         goto finish;
4383                 }
4384
4385                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
4386                 r = -EIO;
4387                 goto finish;
4388         }
4389
4390         r = 1;
4391
4392 finish:
4393         if (m)
4394                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4395
4396         if (reply)
4397                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4398
4399         if (bus) {
4400                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4401                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4402         }
4403
4404         dbus_error_free(&error);
4405
4406         return r;
4407 }
4408
4409 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4410         struct init_request request;
4411         int r, fd;
4412         char rl;
4413
4414         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4415                 return 0;
4416
4417         zero(request);
4418         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4419         request.sleeptime = 0;
4420         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4421         request.runlevel = rl;
4422
4423         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4424
4425                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4426                         return 0;
4427
4428                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4429                 return -errno;
4430         }
4431
4432         errno = 0;
4433         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4434         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4435
4436         if (r < 0) {
4437                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4438                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4439         }
4440
4441         return 1;
4442 }
4443
4444 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4445
4446         static const struct {
4447                 const char* verb;
4448                 const enum {
4449                         MORE,
4450                         LESS,
4451                         EQUAL
4452                 } argc_cmp;
4453                 const int argc;
4454                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
4455         } verbs[] = {
4456                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4457                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4458                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4459                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4460                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4461                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4462                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4463                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4464                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4465                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4466                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4467                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4468                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4469                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4470                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4471                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4472                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4473                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4474                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4475                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
4476                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4477                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4478                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4479                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4480                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4481                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4482                 { "daemon-exit",           EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4483                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4484                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4485                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4486                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4487                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4488                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4489                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4490                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4491                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4492                 { "reset-maintenance",     MORE,  1, reset_maintenance },
4493                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4494                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4495                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4496         };
4497
4498         int left;
4499         unsigned i;
4500
4501         assert(argc >= 0);
4502         assert(argv);
4503         assert(error);
4504
4505         left = argc - optind;
4506
4507         if (left <= 0)
4508                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4509                 i = 0;
4510         else {
4511                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4512                         systemctl_help();
4513                         return 0;
4514                 }
4515
4516                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4517                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4518                                 break;
4519
4520                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4521                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4522                         return -EINVAL;
4523                 }
4524         }
4525
4526         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4527
4528         case EQUAL:
4529                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4530                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4531                         return -EINVAL;
4532                 }
4533
4534                 break;
4535
4536         case MORE:
4537                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4538                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4539                         return -EINVAL;
4540                 }
4541
4542                 break;
4543
4544         case LESS:
4545                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4546                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4547                         return -EINVAL;
4548                 }
4549
4550                 break;
4551
4552         default:
4553                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4554         }
4555
4556         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4557          * enable/disable */
4558         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4559             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4560             !bus) {
4561                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
4562                 return -EIO;
4563         }
4564
4565         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
4566 }
4567
4568 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4569
4570         if (bus) {
4571                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4572                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4573                         return 0;
4574         }
4575
4576         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
4577         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
4578
4579         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
4580                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
4581                 return -errno;
4582         }
4583
4584         return 0;
4585 }
4586
4587 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4588
4589         if (bus) {
4590                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4591                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4592                         goto done;
4593         }
4594
4595         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
4596          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
4597         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
4598                 goto done;
4599
4600         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
4601          * /dev/initctl */
4602         if (talk_initctl() != 0)
4603                 goto done;
4604
4605         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
4606         return -EIO;
4607
4608 done:
4609         warn_wall(arg_action);
4610         return 0;
4611 }
4612
4613 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
4614         int r;
4615
4616         if (geteuid() != 0) {
4617                 log_error("Must to be root.");
4618                 return -EPERM;
4619         }
4620
4621         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
4622                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
4623
4624         if (!arg_no_wtmp)
4625                 if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
4626                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
4627
4628         if (!arg_no_sync)
4629                 sync();
4630
4631         if (arg_dry)
4632                 return 0;
4633
4634         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
4635          * point on... */
4636         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
4637
4638         switch (arg_action) {
4639
4640         case ACTION_HALT:
4641                 log_info("Halting.");
4642                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
4643                 break;
4644
4645         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
4646                 log_info("Powering off.");
4647                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
4648                 break;
4649
4650         case ACTION_REBOOT:
4651                 log_info("Rebooting.");
4652                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
4653                 break;
4654
4655         default:
4656                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
4657         }
4658
4659         /* We should never reach this. */
4660         return -ENOSYS;
4661 }
4662
4663 static int runlevel_main(void) {
4664         int r, runlevel, previous;
4665
4666         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
4667                 printf("unknown\n");
4668                 return r;
4669         }
4670
4671         printf("%c %c\n",
4672                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
4673                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
4674
4675         return 0;
4676 }
4677
4678 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
4679         int r, retval = 1;
4680         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
4681         DBusError error;
4682
4683         dbus_error_init(&error);
4684
4685         log_parse_environment();
4686
4687         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
4688                 goto finish;
4689         else if (r == 0) {
4690                 retval = 0;
4691                 goto finish;
4692         }
4693
4694         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
4695          * let's shortcut this */
4696         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
4697                 retval = runlevel_main() < 0;
4698                 goto finish;
4699         }
4700
4701         bus_connect(arg_session ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
4702
4703         switch (arg_action) {
4704
4705         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL: {
4706                 retval = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error) < 0;
4707                 break;
4708         }
4709
4710         case ACTION_HALT:
4711         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
4712         case ACTION_REBOOT:
4713                 retval = halt_main(bus) < 0;
4714                 break;
4715
4716         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
4717         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
4718         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
4719         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
4720         case ACTION_RESCUE:
4721         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
4722         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
4723                 retval = start_with_fallback(bus) < 0;
4724                 break;
4725
4726         case ACTION_RELOAD:
4727         case ACTION_REEXEC:
4728                 retval = reload_with_fallback(bus) < 0;
4729                 break;
4730
4731         case ACTION_INVALID:
4732         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
4733         default:
4734                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
4735         }
4736
4737 finish:
4738
4739         if (bus) {
4740                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4741                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4742         }
4743
4744         dbus_error_free(&error);
4745
4746         dbus_shutdown();
4747
4748         strv_free(arg_property);
4749
4750         return retval;
4751 }