src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35
  36 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  37
  38 #include "log.h"
  39 #include "util.h"
  40 #include "macro.h"
  41 #include "set.h"
  42 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  43 #include "special.h"
  44 #include "initreq.h"
  45 #include "strv.h"
  46 #include "dbus-common.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  49 #include "list.h"
  50 #include "path-lookup.h"
  51 #include "conf-parser.h"
  52 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  53 #include "shutdownd.h"
  54 #include "exit-status.h"
  55 #include "bus-errors.h"
  56 #include "build.h"
  57 #include "unit-name.h"
  58
  59 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  60 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  61 static bool arg_all = false;
  62 static bool arg_fail = false;
  63 static bool arg_session = false;
  64 static bool arg_global = false;
  65 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  66 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  71 static bool arg_dry = false;
  72 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  73 static bool arg_full = false;
  74 static bool arg_force = false;
  75 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  76 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  77 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  78 static enum action {
  79         ACTION_INVALID,
  80         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  81         ACTION_HALT,
  82         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  83         ACTION_REBOOT,
  84         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  85         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  86         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  87         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  88         ACTION_RESCUE,
  89         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  90         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  91         ACTION_RELOAD,
  92         ACTION_REEXEC,
  93         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
  94         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
  95         _ACTION_MAX
  96 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
  97 static enum dot {
  98         DOT_ALL,
  99         DOT_ORDER,
 100         DOT_REQUIRE
 101 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 102
 103 static bool private_bus = false;
 104
 105 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 106
 107 static bool on_tty(void) {
 108         static int t = -1;
 109
 110         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 111                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 112
 113         return t;
 114 }
 115
 116 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 117
 118         if (!on_tty())
 119                 return "";
 120
 121         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 122 }
 123
 124 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 125
 126         if (!on_tty())
 127                 return "";
 128
 129         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 130 }
 131
 132 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 133         assert(error);
 134
 135         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 136                 return false;
 137
 138         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 139                 return true;
 140
 141         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 142                 return true;
 143
 144         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 145 }
 146
 147 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 148         assert(error);
 149
 150         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 151                 return r;
 152
 153         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 154             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 155             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 156             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 157                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 158
 159         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 160                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 161
 162         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 163             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 164                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 165
 166         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 167                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 168
 169         if (r != 0)
 170                 return r;
 171
 172         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 173 }
 174
 175 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 176
 177         assert(iter);
 178         assert(data);
 179
 180         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 181                 return -EIO;
 182
 183         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 184
 185         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 186                 return -EIO;
 187
 188         return 0;
 189 }
 190
 191 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 192         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 193                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 194                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 195                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 196                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 197                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 198         };
 199
 200         if (arg_no_wall)
 201                 return;
 202
 203         if (arg_wall) {
 204                 char *p;
 205
 206                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 207                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 208                         return;
 209                 }
 210
 211                 if (*p) {
 212                         utmp_wall(p);
 213                         free(p);
 214                         return;
 215                 }
 216
 217                 free(p);
 218         }
 219
 220         if (!table[action])
 221                 return;
 222
 223         utmp_wall(table[action]);
 224 }
 225
 226 struct unit_info {
 227         const char *id;
 228         const char *description;
 229         const char *load_state;
 230         const char *active_state;
 231         const char *sub_state;
 232         const char *following;
 233         const char *unit_path;
 234         uint32_t job_id;
 235         const char *job_type;
 236         const char *job_path;
 237 };
 238
 239 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 240         const char *d1, *d2;
 241         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 242
 243         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 244         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 245
 246         if (d1 && d2) {
 247                 int r;
 248
 249                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 250                         return r;
 251         }
 252
 253         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 254 }
 255
 256 static bool output_show_job(const struct unit_info *u) {
 257         const char *dot;
 258
 259         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 260                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 261                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 262 }
 263
 264 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 265         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len;
 266         const struct unit_info *u;
 267
 268         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 269         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 270         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 271
 272         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 273                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 274                         continue;
 275
 276                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 277                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 278                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 279                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 280         }
 281
 282         if (on_tty()) {
 283                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 284                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 285                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 286                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 287                 else
 288                         printf("\n");
 289         }
 290
 291         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 292                 char *e;
 293                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 294                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 295                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 296
 297                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 298                         continue;
 299
 300                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 301                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 302                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 303                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 304                 } else
 305                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 306
 307                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 308                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 309                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 310                 } else
 311                         on_active = off_active = "";
 312
 313                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 314
 315                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 316                        e ? e : u->id,
 317                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 318                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 319                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 320                        &a);
 321
 322                 free(e);
 323
 324                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 325                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 326
 327                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 328                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 329                 else
 330                         b = 1 + job_len;
 331
 332                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 333                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 334                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 335
 336                         if (arg_full)
 337                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 338                         else
 339                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 340                 }
 341
 342                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 343         }
 344
 345         if (on_tty()) {
 346                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 347                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 348                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 349                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 350
 351                 if (arg_all)
 352                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", c);
 353                 else
 354                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", c);
 355         }
 356 }
 357
 358 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 359         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 360         DBusError error;
 361         int r;
 362         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 363         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 364         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 365
 366         dbus_error_init(&error);
 367
 368         assert(bus);
 369
 370         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 371                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 372                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 373                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 374                               "ListUnits"))) {
 375                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 376                 return -ENOMEM;
 377         }
 378
 379         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 380                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 381                 r = -EIO;
 382                 goto finish;
 383         }
 384
 385         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 386             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 387             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 388                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 389                 r = -EIO;
 390                 goto finish;
 391         }
 392
 393         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 394
 395         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 396                 struct unit_info *u;
 397
 398                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 399                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 400                         r = -EIO;
 401                         goto finish;
 402                 }
 403
 404                 if (c >= n_units) {
 405                         struct unit_info *w;
 406
 407                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 408                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 409
 410                         if (!w) {
 411                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 412                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 413                                 goto finish;
 414                         }
 415
 416                         unit_infos = w;
 417                 }
 418
 419                 u = unit_infos+c;
 420
 421                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 422
 423                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 424                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 425                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 426                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 427                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 428                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 429                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 430                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 431                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 432                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 433                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 434                         r = -EIO;
 435                         goto finish;
 436                 }
 437
 438                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 439                 c++;
 440         }
 441
 442         qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 443         output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 444
 445         r = 0;
 446
 447 finish:
 448         if (m)
 449                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 450
 451         if (reply)
 452                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 453
 454         free(unit_infos);
 455
 456         dbus_error_free(&error);
 457
 458         return r;
 459 }
 460
 461 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 462         static const char * const colors[] = {
 463                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 464                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 465                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 466                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 467                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 468                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 469                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 470                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 471         };
 472
 473         const char *c = NULL;
 474         unsigned i;
 475
 476         assert(name);
 477         assert(prop);
 478         assert(iter);
 479
 480         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 481                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 482                         c = colors[i+1];
 483                         break;
 484                 }
 485
 486         if (!c)
 487                 return 0;
 488
 489         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 490                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 491                         return 0;
 492
 493         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 494
 495         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 496
 497                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 498                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 499
 500                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 501
 502                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 503                                 const char *s;
 504
 505                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 506                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 507                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 508
 509                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 510                         }
 511
 512                         return 0;
 513                 }
 514         }
 515
 516         return 0;
 517 }
 518
 519 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 520         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 521         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 522         int r;
 523         DBusError error;
 524         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 525
 526         assert(bus);
 527         assert(path);
 528
 529         dbus_error_init(&error);
 530
 531         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 532                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 533                               path,
 534                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 535                               "GetAll"))) {
 536                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 537                 r = -ENOMEM;
 538                 goto finish;
 539         }
 540
 541         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 542                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 543                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 544                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 545                 r = -ENOMEM;
 546                 goto finish;
 547         }
 548
 549         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 550                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 551                 r = -EIO;
 552                 goto finish;
 553         }
 554
 555         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 556             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 557             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 558                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 559                 r = -EIO;
 560                 goto finish;
 561         }
 562
 563         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 564
 565         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 566                 const char *prop;
 567
 568                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 569                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 570                         r = -EIO;
 571                         goto finish;
 572                 }
 573
 574                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 575
 576                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 577                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 578                         r = -EIO;
 579                         goto finish;
 580                 }
 581
 582                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 583                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 584                         r = -EIO;
 585                         goto finish;
 586                 }
 587
 588                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 589
 590                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 591                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 592                         r = -EIO;
 593                         goto finish;
 594                 }
 595
 596                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 597         }
 598
 599         r = 0;
 600
 601 finish:
 602         if (m)
 603                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 604
 605         if (reply)
 606                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 607
 608         dbus_error_free(&error);
 609
 610         return r;
 611 }
 612
 613 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 614         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 615         DBusError error;
 616         int r;
 617         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 618
 619         dbus_error_init(&error);
 620
 621         assert(bus);
 622
 623         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 624                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 625                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 626                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 627                               "ListUnits"))) {
 628                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 629                 return -ENOMEM;
 630         }
 631
 632         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 633                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 634                 r = -EIO;
 635                 goto finish;
 636         }
 637
 638         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 639             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 640             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 641                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 642                 r = -EIO;
 643                 goto finish;
 644         }
 645
 646         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 647
 648         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 649         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 650                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 651
 652                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 653                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 654                         r = -EIO;
 655                         goto finish;
 656                 }
 657
 658                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 659
 660                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 661                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 662                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 663                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 664                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 665                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 666                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 667                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 668                         r = -EIO;
 669                         goto finish;
 670                 }
 671
 672                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 673                         goto finish;
 674
 675                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 676                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 677         }
 678
 679         printf("}\n");
 680
 681         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 682                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 683                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 684                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 685                  "                 green     = After\n");
 686
 687         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 688                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 689                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 690
 691         r = 0;
 692
 693 finish:
 694         if (m)
 695                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 696
 697         if (reply)
 698                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 699
 700         dbus_error_free(&error);
 701
 702         return r;
 703 }
 704
 705 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 706         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 707         DBusError error;
 708         int r;
 709         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 710         unsigned k = 0;
 711
 712         dbus_error_init(&error);
 713
 714         assert(bus);
 715
 716         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 717                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 718                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 719                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 720                               "ListJobs"))) {
 721                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 722                 return -ENOMEM;
 723         }
 724
 725         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 726                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 727                 r = -EIO;
 728                 goto finish;
 729         }
 730
 731         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 732             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 733             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 734                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 735                 r = -EIO;
 736                 goto finish;
 737         }
 738
 739         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 740
 741         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 742                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 743
 744         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 745                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 746                 uint32_t id;
 747                 char *e;
 748
 749                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 750                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 751                         r = -EIO;
 752                         goto finish;
 753                 }
 754
 755                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 756
 757                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 758                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 759                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 760                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 761                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 762                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 763                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 764                         r = -EIO;
 765                         goto finish;
 766                 }
 767
 768                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 769                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 770                 free(e);
 771
 772                 k++;
 773
 774                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 775         }
 776
 777         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 778                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 779
 780         r = 0;
 781
 782 finish:
 783         if (m)
 784                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 785
 786         if (reply)
 787                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 788
 789         dbus_error_free(&error);
 790
 791         return r;
 792 }
 793
 794 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 795         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 796         DBusError error;
 797         int r;
 798         unsigned i;
 799
 800         dbus_error_init(&error);
 801
 802         assert(bus);
 803         assert(args);
 804
 805         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 806
 807                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 808                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 809                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 810                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 811                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 812                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 813                         r = -ENOMEM;
 814                         goto finish;
 815                 }
 816
 817                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 818                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 819                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 820                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 821                         r = -ENOMEM;
 822                         goto finish;
 823                 }
 824
 825                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 826                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 827                         r = -EIO;
 828                         goto finish;
 829                 }
 830
 831                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 832                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 833
 834                 m = reply = NULL;
 835         }
 836
 837         r = 0;
 838
 839 finish:
 840         if (m)
 841                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 842
 843         if (reply)
 844                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 845
 846         dbus_error_free(&error);
 847
 848         return r;
 849 }
 850
 851 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 852         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 853         DBusError error;
 854         int r;
 855         unsigned i;
 856
 857         dbus_error_init(&error);
 858
 859         assert(bus);
 860         assert(args);
 861
 862         if (n <= 1)
 863                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 864
 865         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 866                 unsigned id;
 867                 const char *path;
 868
 869                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 870                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 871                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 872                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 873                                       "GetJob"))) {
 874                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 875                         r = -ENOMEM;
 876                         goto finish;
 877                 }
 878
 879                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 880                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 881                         goto finish;
 882                 }
 883
 884                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 885                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 886                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 887                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 888                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 889                         r = -ENOMEM;
 890                         goto finish;
 891                 }
 892
 893                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 894                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 895                         r = -EIO;
 896                         goto finish;
 897                 }
 898
 899                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 900                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 901                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 902                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 903                         r = -EIO;
 904                         goto finish;
 905                 }
 906
 907                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 908                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 909                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 910                                       path,
 911                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 912                                       "Cancel"))) {
 913                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 914                         r = -ENOMEM;
 915                         goto finish;
 916                 }
 917
 918                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 919                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 920                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 921                         r = -EIO;
 922                         goto finish;
 923                 }
 924
 925                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 926                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 927                 m = reply = NULL;
 928         }
 929
 930         r = 0;
 931
 932 finish:
 933         if (m)
 934                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 935
 936         if (reply)
 937                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 938
 939         dbus_error_free(&error);
 940
 941         return r;
 942 }
 943
 944 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
 945         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 946         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
 947         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 948         const char
 949                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
 950                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
 951                 *path;
 952
 953         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
 954
 955         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 956                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 957                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 958                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 959                               "GetUnit")))
 960                 goto finish;
 961
 962         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 963                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
 964                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 965                 goto finish;
 966
 967         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 968                 goto finish;
 969
 970         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
 971                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 972                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 973                 goto finish;
 974
 975         dbus_message_unref(m);
 976         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 977                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 978                               path,
 979                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 980                               "Get")))
 981                 goto finish;
 982
 983         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 984                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 985                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
 986                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 987                 goto finish;
 988         }
 989
 990         dbus_message_unref(reply);
 991         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 992                 goto finish;
 993
 994         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 995             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
 996                 goto finish;
 997
 998         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 999
1000         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1001                 goto finish;
1002
1003         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1004
1005 finish:
1006         if (m)
1007                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1008
1009         if (reply)
1010                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1011
1012         return b;
1013 }
1014
1015 typedef struct WaitData {
1016         Set *set;
1017         bool failed;
1018 } WaitData;
1019
1020 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1021         DBusError error;
1022         WaitData *d = data;
1023
1024         assert(connection);
1025         assert(message);
1026         assert(d);
1027
1028         dbus_error_init(&error);
1029
1030         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1031                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1032                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1033                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1034
1035         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1036                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1037                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1038
1039         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1040                 uint32_t id;
1041                 const char *path;
1042                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1043
1044                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1045                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1046                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1047                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1048                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1049                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1050                 else {
1051                         char *p;
1052
1053                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1054                                 free(p);
1055
1056                         if (!success)
1057                                 d->failed = true;
1058                 }
1059         }
1060
1061         dbus_error_free(&error);
1062         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1063 }
1064
1065 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1066         DBusError error;
1067
1068         assert(bus);
1069
1070         if (private_bus)
1071                 return 0;
1072
1073         dbus_error_init(&error);
1074         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1075                            "type='signal',"
1076                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1077                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1078                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1079                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1080                            &error);
1081
1082         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1083                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1084                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1085                 return -EIO;
1086         }
1087
1088         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1089         return 0;
1090 }
1091
1092 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1093         int r;
1094         WaitData d;
1095
1096         assert(bus);
1097         assert(s);
1098
1099         zero(d);
1100         d.set = s;
1101         d.failed = false;
1102
1103         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1104                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1105                 r = -ENOMEM;
1106                 goto finish;
1107         }
1108
1109         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1110                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1111                 ;
1112
1113         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
1114                 log_error("Job failed, see system logs for details.");
1115
1116         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
1117
1118 finish:
1119         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1120
1121         return r;
1122 }
1123
1124 static int start_unit_one(
1125                 DBusConnection *bus,
1126                 const char *method,
1127                 const char *name,
1128                 const char *mode,
1129                 DBusError *error,
1130                 Set *s) {
1131
1132         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1133         const char *path;
1134         int r;
1135
1136         assert(bus);
1137         assert(method);
1138         assert(name);
1139         assert(mode);
1140         assert(error);
1141         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1142
1143         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1144                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1145                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1146                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1147                               method))) {
1148                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1149                 r = -ENOMEM;
1150                 goto finish;
1151         }
1152
1153         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1154                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1155                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1156                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1157                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1158                 r = -ENOMEM;
1159                 goto finish;
1160         }
1161
1162         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1163
1164                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1165                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1166                          * legacy actions. */
1167                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1168                         goto finish;
1169                 }
1170
1171                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1172                 r = -EIO;
1173                 goto finish;
1174         }
1175
1176         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1177                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1178                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1179                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1180                 r = -EIO;
1181                 goto finish;
1182         }
1183
1184         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1185                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1186                             arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1187
1188         if (!arg_no_block) {
1189                 char *p;
1190
1191                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1192                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1193                         r = -ENOMEM;
1194                         goto finish;
1195                 }
1196
1197                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1198                         free(p);
1199                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1200                         goto finish;
1201                 }
1202         }
1203
1204         r = 0;
1205
1206 finish:
1207         if (m)
1208                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1209
1210         if (reply)
1211                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1212
1213         return r;
1214 }
1215
1216 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1217         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1218                 return ACTION_HALT;
1219         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1220                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1221         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1222                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1223         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1224                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1225         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1226                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1227         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1228                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1229         else
1230                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1231 }
1232
1233 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1234
1235         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1236                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1237                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1238                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1239                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1240                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1241                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1242                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1243                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1244                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1245                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
1246         };
1247
1248         int r, ret = 0;
1249         unsigned i;
1250         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1251         Set *s = NULL;
1252         DBusError error;
1253
1254         dbus_error_init(&error);
1255
1256         assert(bus);
1257
1258         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1259                 method =
1260                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1261                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1262                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1263                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1264                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1265                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1266                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1267                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1268                                                                   "StartUnit";
1269
1270                 mode =
1271                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1272                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1273                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1274                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1275                                                         "replace";
1276
1277                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1278
1279         } else {
1280                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1281                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1282
1283                 method = "StartUnit";
1284
1285                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1286                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1287                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1288                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1289                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1290                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1291
1292                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1293         }
1294
1295         if (!arg_no_block) {
1296                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1297                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1298                         goto finish;
1299                 }
1300
1301                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1302                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1303                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1304                         goto finish;
1305                 }
1306         }
1307
1308         if (one_name) {
1309                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1310                         goto finish;
1311         } else {
1312                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1313                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1314                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1315                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1316                         }
1317         }
1318
1319         if (!arg_no_block)
1320                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1321                         ret = r;
1322                         goto finish;
1323                 }
1324
1325 finish:
1326         if (s)
1327                 set_free_free(s);
1328
1329         dbus_error_free(&error);
1330
1331         return ret;
1332 }
1333
1334 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1335         int r;
1336
1337         assert(bus);
1338         assert(args);
1339
1340         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1341
1342         if (r >= 0)
1343                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1344
1345         return r;
1346 }
1347
1348 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1349         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1350         const char
1351                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1352                 *property = "ActiveState";
1353         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1354         DBusError error;
1355         unsigned i;
1356
1357         assert(bus);
1358         assert(args);
1359
1360         dbus_error_init(&error);
1361
1362         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1363                 const char *path = NULL;
1364                 const char *state;
1365                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1366
1367                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1368                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1369                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1370                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1371                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1372                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1373                         r = -ENOMEM;
1374                         goto finish;
1375                 }
1376
1377                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1378                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1379                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1380                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1381                         r = -ENOMEM;
1382                         goto finish;
1383                 }
1384
1385                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1386
1387                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1388                         if (!arg_quiet)
1389                                 puts("unknown");
1390
1391                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1392                         continue;
1393                 }
1394
1395                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1396                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1397                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1398                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1399                         r = -EIO;
1400                         goto finish;
1401                 }
1402
1403                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1404                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1405                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1406                                       path,
1407                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1408                                       "Get"))) {
1409                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1410                         r = -ENOMEM;
1411                         goto finish;
1412                 }
1413
1414                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1415                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1416                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1417                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1418                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1419                         r = -ENOMEM;
1420                         goto finish;
1421                 }
1422
1423                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1424                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1425                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1426                         r = -EIO;
1427                         goto finish;
1428                 }
1429
1430                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1431                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1432                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1433                         r = -EIO;
1434                         goto finish;
1435                 }
1436
1437                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1438
1439                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1440                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1441                         r = -EIO;
1442                         goto finish;
1443                 }
1444
1445                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1446
1447                 if (!arg_quiet)
1448                         puts(state);
1449
1450                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1451                         r = 0;
1452
1453                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1454                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1455                 m = reply = NULL;
1456         }
1457
1458 finish:
1459         if (m)
1460                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1461
1462         if (reply)
1463                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1464
1465         dbus_error_free(&error);
1466
1467         return r;
1468 }
1469
1470 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1471         char *path;
1472         char **argv;
1473
1474         bool ignore;
1475
1476         usec_t start_timestamp;
1477         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1478         pid_t pid;
1479         int code;
1480         int status;
1481
1482         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1483 } ExecStatusInfo;
1484
1485 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1486         assert(i);
1487
1488         free(i->path);
1489         strv_free(i->argv);
1490         free(i);
1491 }
1492
1493 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1494         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1495         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1496         const char*path;
1497         unsigned n;
1498         uint32_t pid;
1499         int32_t code, status;
1500         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1501
1502         assert(i);
1503         assert(i);
1504
1505         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1506                 return -EIO;
1507
1508         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1509
1510         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1511                 return -EIO;
1512
1513         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1514                 return -ENOMEM;
1515
1516         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1517             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1518                 return -EIO;
1519
1520         n = 0;
1521         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1522         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1523                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1524                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1525                 n++;
1526         }
1527
1528
1529         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1530                 return -ENOMEM;
1531
1532         n = 0;
1533         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1534         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1535                 const char *s;
1536
1537                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1538                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1539                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1540
1541                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1542                         return -ENOMEM;
1543         }
1544
1545         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1546             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1547             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1548             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1549             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1550             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1551             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1552                 return -EIO;
1553
1554         i->ignore = ignore;
1555         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1556         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1557         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1558         i->code = code;
1559         i->status = status;
1560
1561         return 0;
1562 }
1563
1564 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1565         const char *id;
1566         const char *load_state;
1567         const char *active_state;
1568         const char *sub_state;
1569
1570         const char *description;
1571         const char *following;
1572
1573         const char *path;
1574         const char *default_control_group;
1575
1576         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1577         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1578         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1579         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1580
1581         bool need_daemon_reload;
1582
1583         /* Service */
1584         pid_t main_pid;
1585         pid_t control_pid;
1586         const char *status_text;
1587         bool running:1;
1588 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1589         bool is_sysv:1;
1590 #endif
1591
1592         usec_t start_timestamp;
1593         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1594
1595         int exit_code, exit_status;
1596
1597         /* Socket */
1598         unsigned n_accepted;
1599         unsigned n_connections;
1600         bool accept;
1601
1602         /* Device */
1603         const char *sysfs_path;
1604
1605         /* Mount, Automount */
1606         const char *where;
1607
1608         /* Swap */
1609         const char *what;
1610
1611         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1612 } UnitStatusInfo;
1613
1614 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1615         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1616         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1617         usec_t timestamp;
1618         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1619         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1620
1621         assert(i);
1622
1623         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1624          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1625
1626         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1627
1628         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1629                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1630
1631         printf("\n");
1632
1633         if (i->following)
1634                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
1635
1636         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
1637             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
1638                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1639                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1640         } else
1641                 on = off = "";
1642
1643         if (i->path)
1644                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1645         else
1646                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1647
1648         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1649
1650         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1651                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1652                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1653         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1654                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1655                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1656         } else
1657                 on = off = "";
1658
1659         if (ss)
1660                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1661                        on,
1662                        strna(i->active_state),
1663                        ss,
1664                        off);
1665         else
1666                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1667                        on,
1668                        strna(i->active_state),
1669                        off);
1670
1671         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1672                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1673                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1674                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1675                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1676                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1677
1678         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1679         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1680
1681         if (s1)
1682                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1683         else if (s2)
1684                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
1685         else
1686                 printf("\n");
1687
1688         if (i->sysfs_path)
1689                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1690         else if (i->where)
1691                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1692         else if (i->what)
1693                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1694
1695         if (i->accept)
1696                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1697
1698         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1699                 char *t;
1700
1701                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1702                 if (p->code == 0)
1703                         continue;
1704
1705                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1706                 printf("\t Process: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1707                 free(t);
1708
1709                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1710                         const char *c;
1711
1712                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1713
1714 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1715                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1716 #else
1717                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1718 #endif
1719                                 printf("/%s", c);
1720
1721                 } else
1722                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1723                 printf(")\n");
1724
1725                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1726                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1727                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1728                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1729                         i->main_pid = 0;
1730
1731                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1732                         i->control_pid = 0;
1733         }
1734
1735         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1736                 printf("\t");
1737
1738                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1739                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1740
1741                         if (i->running) {
1742                                 char *t = NULL;
1743                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1744                                 if (t) {
1745                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1746                                         free(t);
1747                                 }
1748                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1749                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1750
1751                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
1752                                         const char *c;
1753
1754                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1755
1756 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1757                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1758 #else
1759                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1760 #endif
1761                                                 printf("/%s", c);
1762
1763                                 } else
1764                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1765                                 printf(")");
1766                         }
1767                 }
1768
1769                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1770                         printf(";");
1771
1772                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1773                         char *t = NULL;
1774
1775                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1776
1777                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1778                         if (t) {
1779                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1780                                 free(t);
1781                         }
1782                 }
1783
1784                 printf("\n");
1785         }
1786
1787         if (i->status_text)
1788                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1789
1790         if (i->default_control_group) {
1791                 unsigned c;
1792
1793                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1794
1795                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1796                         c -= 18;
1797                 else
1798                         c = 0;
1799
1800                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1801         }
1802
1803         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1804                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1805                        ansi_highlight(true),
1806                        ansi_highlight(false),
1807                        arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1808 }
1809
1810 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1811
1812         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1813
1814         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1815                 const char *s;
1816
1817                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1818
1819                 if (s[0]) {
1820                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1821                                 i->id = s;
1822                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1823                                 i->load_state = s;
1824                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1825                                 i->active_state = s;
1826                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1827                                 i->sub_state = s;
1828                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1829                                 i->description = s;
1830                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1831                                 i->path = s;
1832 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1833                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
1834                                 i->is_sysv = true;
1835                                 i->path = s;
1836                         }
1837 #endif
1838                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1839                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1840                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1841                                 i->status_text = s;
1842                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1843                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1844                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1845                                 i->where = s;
1846                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1847                                 i->what = s;
1848                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
1849                                 i->following = s;
1850                 }
1851
1852                 break;
1853         }
1854
1855         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1856                 dbus_bool_t b;
1857
1858                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1859
1860                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
1861                         i->accept = b;
1862                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
1863                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
1864
1865                 break;
1866         }
1867
1868         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1869                 uint32_t u;
1870
1871                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1872
1873                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
1874                         if (u > 0) {
1875                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1876                                 i->running = true;
1877                         }
1878                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
1879                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
1880                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
1881                         if (u > 0)
1882                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1883                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
1884                         i->n_accepted = u;
1885                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
1886                         i->n_connections = u;
1887
1888                 break;
1889         }
1890
1891         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1892                 int32_t j;
1893
1894                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
1895
1896                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
1897                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
1898                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
1899                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
1900
1901                 break;
1902         }
1903
1904         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1905                 uint64_t u;
1906
1907                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1908
1909                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
1910                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1911                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
1912                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1913                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
1914                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1915                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
1916                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1917                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
1918                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1919                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
1920                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1921
1922                 break;
1923         }
1924
1925         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1926
1927                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
1928                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1929                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1930
1931                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1932                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1933                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
1934                                 int r;
1935
1936                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
1937                                         return -ENOMEM;
1938
1939                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
1940                                         free(info);
1941                                         return r;
1942                                 }
1943
1944                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
1945
1946                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1947                         }
1948                 }
1949
1950                 break;
1951         }
1952         }
1953
1954         return 0;
1955 }
1956
1957 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
1958         assert(name);
1959         assert(iter);
1960
1961         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
1962          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
1963
1964         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
1965                 return 0;
1966
1967         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1968
1969         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1970                 const char *s;
1971                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1972
1973                 if (arg_all || s[0])
1974                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1975
1976                 return 0;
1977         }
1978
1979         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1980                 dbus_bool_t b;
1981                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1982                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
1983
1984                 return 0;
1985         }
1986
1987         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1988                 uint64_t u;
1989                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1990
1991                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
1992                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
1993
1994                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
1995                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
1996
1997                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
1998                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
1999                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
2000                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2001
2002                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
2003                 } else
2004                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
2005
2006                 return 0;
2007         }
2008
2009         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2010                 uint32_t u;
2011                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2012
2013                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
2014                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
2015                 else
2016                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2017
2018                 return 0;
2019         }
2020
2021         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2022                 int32_t i;
2023                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
2024
2025                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
2026                 return 0;
2027         }
2028
2029         case DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
2030                 double d;
2031                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &d);
2032
2033                 printf("%s=%g\n", name, d);
2034                 return 0;
2035         }
2036
2037         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2038                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2039                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2040
2041                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2042                         uint32_t u;
2043
2044                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2045
2046                         if (u)
2047                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2048                         else if (arg_all)
2049                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2050
2051                         return 0;
2052                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2053                         const char *s;
2054
2055                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2056
2057                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2058                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2059
2060                         return 0;
2061                 }
2062
2063                 break;
2064         }
2065
2066         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2067
2068                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2069                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2070                         bool space = false;
2071
2072                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2073                         if (arg_all ||
2074                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2075                                 printf("%s=", name);
2076
2077                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2078                                         const char *s;
2079
2080                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2081                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2082                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2083
2084                                         space = true;
2085                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2086                                 }
2087
2088                                 puts("");
2089                         }
2090
2091                         return 0;
2092
2093                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2094                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2095
2096                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2097                         if (arg_all ||
2098                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2099                                 printf("%s=", name);
2100
2101                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2102                                         uint8_t u;
2103
2104                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2105                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2106                                         printf("%02x", u);
2107
2108                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2109                                 }
2110
2111                                 puts("");
2112                         }
2113
2114                         return 0;
2115
2116                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2117                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2118
2119                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2120                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2121                                 const char *type, *path;
2122
2123                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2124
2125                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2126                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2127                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2128
2129                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2130                         }
2131
2132                         return 0;
2133
2134                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2135                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2136
2137                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2138                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2139                                 const char *base;
2140                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2141
2142                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2143
2144                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2145                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2146                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2147                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2148
2149                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2150                                                base,
2151                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2152                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2153                                 }
2154
2155                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2156                         }
2157
2158                         return 0;
2159
2160                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2161                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2162
2163                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2164                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2165                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2166
2167                                 zero(info);
2168                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2169                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2170                                         char *t;
2171
2172                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2173
2174                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2175                                                name,
2176                                                strna(info.path),
2177                                                strna(t),
2178                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2179                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2180                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2181                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2182                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2183                                                info.status,
2184                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2185                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2186
2187                                         free(t);
2188                                 }
2189
2190                                 free(info.path);
2191                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2192
2193                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2194                         }
2195
2196                         return 0;
2197                 }
2198
2199                 break;
2200         }
2201
2202         if (arg_all)
2203                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2204
2205         return 0;
2206 }
2207
2208 static int show_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2209         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2210         const char *interface = "";
2211         int r;
2212         DBusError error;
2213         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2214         UnitStatusInfo info;
2215         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2216
2217         assert(bus);
2218         assert(path);
2219         assert(new_line);
2220
2221         zero(info);
2222         dbus_error_init(&error);
2223
2224         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2225                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2226                               path,
2227                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2228                               "GetAll"))) {
2229                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2230                 r = -ENOMEM;
2231                 goto finish;
2232         }
2233
2234         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2235                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2236                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2237                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2238                 r = -ENOMEM;
2239                 goto finish;
2240         }
2241
2242         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2243                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2244                 r = -EIO;
2245                 goto finish;
2246         }
2247
2248         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2249             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2250             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2251                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2252                 r = -EIO;
2253                 goto finish;
2254         }
2255
2256         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2257
2258         if (*new_line)
2259                 printf("\n");
2260
2261         *new_line = true;
2262
2263         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2264                 const char *name;
2265
2266                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2267                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2268                         r = -EIO;
2269                         goto finish;
2270                 }
2271
2272                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2273
2274                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2275                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2276                         r = -EIO;
2277                         goto finish;
2278                 }
2279
2280                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2281                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2282                         r = -EIO;
2283                         goto finish;
2284                 }
2285
2286                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2287
2288                 if (show_properties)
2289                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2290                 else
2291                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2292
2293                 if (r < 0) {
2294                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2295                         r = -EIO;
2296                         goto finish;
2297                 }
2298
2299                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2300         }
2301
2302         r = 0;
2303
2304         if (!show_properties)
2305                 print_status_info(&info);
2306
2307         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2308             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading"))
2309                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2310                 r = 3;
2311
2312         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2313                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2314                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2315         }
2316
2317 finish:
2318         if (m)
2319                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2320
2321         if (reply)
2322                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2323
2324         dbus_error_free(&error);
2325
2326         return r;
2327 }
2328
2329 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2330         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2331         int r, ret = 0;
2332         DBusError error;
2333         unsigned i;
2334         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2335
2336         assert(bus);
2337         assert(args);
2338
2339         dbus_error_init(&error);
2340
2341         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2342
2343         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2344                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2345                  * itself */
2346
2347                 ret = show_one(bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2348                 goto finish;
2349         }
2350
2351         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2352                 const char *path = NULL;
2353                 uint32_t id;
2354
2355                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2356
2357                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2358
2359                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2360                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2361                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2362                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2363                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2364                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2365                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2366                                 goto finish;
2367                         }
2368
2369                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2370                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2371                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2372                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2373                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2374                                 goto finish;
2375                         }
2376
2377                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2378
2379                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2380                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2381                                         ret = -EIO;
2382                                         goto finish;
2383                                 }
2384
2385                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2386
2387                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2388                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2389                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2390                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2391                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2392                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2393                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2394                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2395                                         goto finish;
2396                                 }
2397
2398                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2399                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2400                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2401                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2402                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2403                                         goto finish;
2404                                 }
2405
2406                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2407                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2408
2409                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2410                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2411                                         else
2412                                                 ret = -EIO;
2413                                         goto finish;
2414                                 }
2415                         }
2416
2417                 } else if (show_properties) {
2418
2419                         /* Interpret as job id */
2420
2421                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2422                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2423                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2424                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2425                                               "GetJob"))) {
2426                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2427                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2428                                 goto finish;
2429                         }
2430
2431                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2432                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2433                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2434                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2435                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2436                                 goto finish;
2437                         }
2438
2439                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2440                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2441                                 ret = -EIO;
2442                                 goto finish;
2443                         }
2444                 } else {
2445
2446                         /* Interpret as PID */
2447
2448                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2449                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2450                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2451                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2452                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2453                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2454                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2455                                 goto finish;
2456                         }
2457
2458                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2459                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2460                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2461                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2462                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2463                                 goto finish;
2464                         }
2465
2466                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2467                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2468                                 ret = -EIO;
2469                                 goto finish;
2470                         }
2471                 }
2472
2473                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2474                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2475                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2476                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2477                         ret = -EIO;
2478                         goto finish;
2479                 }
2480
2481                 if ((r = show_one(bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2482                         ret = r;
2483
2484                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2485                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2486                 m = reply = NULL;
2487         }
2488
2489 finish:
2490         if (m)
2491                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2492
2493         if (reply)
2494                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2495
2496         dbus_error_free(&error);
2497
2498         return ret;
2499 }
2500
2501 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2502         DBusError error;
2503         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2504
2505         assert(connection);
2506         assert(message);
2507
2508         dbus_error_init(&error);
2509
2510         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2511                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2512                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2513                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2514
2515         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2516                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2517                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2518
2519         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2520                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2521                 const char *id, *path;
2522
2523                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2524                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2525                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2526                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2527                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2528                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2529                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2530                 else
2531                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2532
2533         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2534                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2535                 uint32_t id;
2536                 const char *path;
2537
2538                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2539                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2540                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2541                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2542                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2543                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2544                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2545                 else
2546                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2547
2548
2549         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2550
2551                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2552                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2553
2554                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2555
2556                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2557                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2558                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2559                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2560                         goto finish;
2561                 }
2562
2563                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2564                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2565                         goto finish;
2566
2567                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2568                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2569                               path,
2570                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2571                               "Get"))) {
2572                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2573                         goto oom;
2574                 }
2575
2576                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2577                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2578                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2579                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2580                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2581                         goto finish;
2582                 }
2583
2584                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2585                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2586                         goto finish;
2587                 }
2588
2589                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2590                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2591                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2592                         goto finish;
2593                 }
2594
2595                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2596
2597                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2598                         const char *id;
2599
2600                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2601                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2602                                 goto finish;
2603                         }
2604
2605                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2606                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2607                 } else {
2608                         uint32_t id;
2609
2610                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2611                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2612                                 goto finish;
2613                         }
2614
2615                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2616                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2617                 }
2618         }
2619
2620 finish:
2621         if (m)
2622                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2623
2624         if (reply)
2625                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2626
2627         dbus_error_free(&error);
2628         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2629
2630 oom:
2631         if (m)
2632                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2633
2634         if (reply)
2635                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2636
2637         dbus_error_free(&error);
2638         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2639 }
2640
2641 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2642         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2643         DBusError error;
2644         int r;
2645
2646         dbus_error_init(&error);
2647
2648         if (!private_bus) {
2649                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2650                                    "type='signal',"
2651                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2652                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2653                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2654                                    &error);
2655
2656                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2657                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2658                         r = -EIO;
2659                         goto finish;
2660                 }
2661
2662                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2663                                    "type='signal',"
2664                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2665                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2666                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2667                                    &error);
2668
2669                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2670                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2671                         r = -EIO;
2672                         goto finish;
2673                 }
2674         }
2675
2676         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2677                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2678                 r = -ENOMEM;
2679                 goto finish;
2680         }
2681
2682         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2683                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2684                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2685                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2686                               "Subscribe"))) {
2687                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2688                 r = -ENOMEM;
2689                 goto finish;
2690         }
2691
2692         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2693                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2694                 r = -EIO;
2695                 goto finish;
2696         }
2697
2698         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2699                 ;
2700
2701         r = 0;
2702
2703 finish:
2704
2705         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2706
2707         if (m)
2708                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2709
2710         if (reply)
2711                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2712
2713         dbus_error_free(&error);
2714
2715         return r;
2716 }
2717
2718 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2719         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2720         DBusError error;
2721         int r;
2722         const char *text;
2723
2724         dbus_error_init(&error);
2725
2726         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2727                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2728                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2729                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2730                               "Dump"))) {
2731                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2732                 return -ENOMEM;
2733         }
2734
2735         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2736                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2737                 r = -EIO;
2738                 goto finish;
2739         }
2740
2741         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2742                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2743                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2744                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2745                 r = -EIO;
2746                 goto finish;
2747         }
2748
2749         fputs(text, stdout);
2750
2751         r = 0;
2752
2753 finish:
2754         if (m)
2755                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2756
2757         if (reply)
2758                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2759
2760         dbus_error_free(&error);
2761
2762         return r;
2763 }
2764
2765 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2766         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2767         DBusError error;
2768         int r;
2769         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2770         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2771         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2772         const char
2773                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2774                 *property = "Id";
2775
2776         dbus_error_init(&error);
2777
2778         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2779                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2780                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2781                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2782                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2783                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2784                 return -ENOMEM;
2785         }
2786
2787         if (n > 1)
2788                 name = args[1];
2789
2790         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2791                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2792                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2793                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2794                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2795                 r = -ENOMEM;
2796                 goto finish;
2797         }
2798
2799         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2800                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2801                 r = -EIO;
2802                 goto finish;
2803         }
2804
2805         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2806                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2807                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2808                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2809                 r = -EIO;
2810                 goto finish;
2811         }
2812
2813         dbus_message_unref(m);
2814         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2815                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2816                               path,
2817                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2818                               "Get"))) {
2819                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2820                 return -ENOMEM;
2821         }
2822
2823         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2824                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2825                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2826                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2827                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2828                 r = -ENOMEM;
2829                 goto finish;
2830         }
2831
2832         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2833         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2834                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2835                 r = -EIO;
2836                 goto finish;
2837         }
2838
2839         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2840             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2841                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2842                 r = -EIO;
2843                 goto finish;
2844         }
2845
2846         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2847
2848         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2849                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2850                 r = -EIO;
2851                 goto finish;
2852         }
2853
2854         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2855
2856         if (!arg_quiet)
2857                 puts(id);
2858         r = 0;
2859
2860 finish:
2861         if (m)
2862                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2863
2864         if (reply)
2865                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2866
2867         dbus_error_free(&error);
2868
2869         return r;
2870 }
2871
2872 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2873         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2874         int r;
2875         DBusError error;
2876         unsigned i;
2877
2878         assert(bus);
2879         assert(args);
2880
2881         dbus_error_init(&error);
2882
2883         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2884                 const char *path = NULL;
2885
2886                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2887                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2888                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2889                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2890                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2891                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2892                         r = -ENOMEM;
2893                         goto finish;
2894                 }
2895
2896                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2897                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2898                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2899                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2900                         r = -ENOMEM;
2901                         goto finish;
2902                 }
2903
2904                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2905                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2906                         r = -EIO;
2907                         goto finish;
2908                 }
2909
2910                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2911                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2912                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2913                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2914                         r = -EIO;
2915                         goto finish;
2916                 }
2917
2918                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2919                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2920                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2921                                       path,
2922                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
2923                                       "Remove"))) {
2924                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2925                         r = -ENOMEM;
2926                         goto finish;
2927                 }
2928
2929                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2930                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2931                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2932                         r = -EIO;
2933                         goto finish;
2934                 }
2935
2936                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2937                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2938                 m = reply = NULL;
2939         }
2940
2941         r = 0;
2942
2943 finish:
2944         if (m)
2945                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2946
2947         if (reply)
2948                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2949
2950         dbus_error_free(&error);
2951
2952         return r;
2953 }
2954
2955 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2956         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2957         DBusError error;
2958         int r;
2959         const char *method;
2960
2961         dbus_error_init(&error);
2962
2963         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
2964                 method = "Reload";
2965         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
2966                 method = "Reexecute";
2967         else {
2968                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
2969
2970                 method =
2971                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")        ||
2972                         streq(args[0], "cancel")            ? "ClearJobs" :
2973                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec")     ? "Reexecute" :
2974                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")      ? "ResetFailed" :
2975                         streq(args[0], "daemon-exit")       ? "Exit" :
2976                                                               "Reload";
2977         }
2978
2979         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2980                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2981                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2982                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2983                               method))) {
2984                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2985                 return -ENOMEM;
2986         }
2987
2988         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2989
2990                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
2991                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
2992                          * legacy actions. */
2993                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
2994                         goto finish;
2995                 }
2996
2997                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2998                 r = -EIO;
2999                 goto finish;
3000         }
3001
3002         r = 0;
3003
3004 finish:
3005         if (m)
3006                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3007
3008         if (reply)
3009                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3010
3011         dbus_error_free(&error);
3012
3013         return r;
3014 }
3015
3016 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3017         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3018         unsigned i;
3019         int r;
3020         DBusError error;
3021
3022         assert(bus);
3023         dbus_error_init(&error);
3024
3025         if (n <= 1)
3026                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3027
3028         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3029
3030                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3031                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3032                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3033                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3034                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3035                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3036                         r = -ENOMEM;
3037                         goto finish;
3038                 }
3039
3040                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3041                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3042                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3043                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3044                         r = -ENOMEM;
3045                         goto finish;
3046                 }
3047
3048                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3049                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3050                         r = -EIO;
3051                         goto finish;
3052                 }
3053
3054                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3055                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3056                 m = reply = NULL;
3057         }
3058
3059         r = 0;
3060
3061 finish:
3062         if (m)
3063                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3064
3065         if (reply)
3066                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3067
3068         dbus_error_free(&error);
3069
3070         return r;
3071 }
3072
3073 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3074         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3075         DBusError error;
3076         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3077         int r;
3078         const char
3079                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3080                 *property = "Environment";
3081
3082         dbus_error_init(&error);
3083
3084         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3085                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3086                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3087                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3088                               "Get"))) {
3089                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3090                 return -ENOMEM;
3091         }
3092
3093         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3094                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3095                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3096                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3097                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3098                 r = -ENOMEM;
3099                 goto finish;
3100         }
3101
3102         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3103                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3104                 r = -EIO;
3105                 goto finish;
3106         }
3107
3108         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3109             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3110                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3111                 r = -EIO;
3112                 goto finish;
3113         }
3114
3115         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3116
3117         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3118             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3119                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3120                 r = -EIO;
3121                 goto finish;
3122         }
3123
3124         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3125
3126         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3127                 const char *text;
3128
3129                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3130                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3131                         r = -EIO;
3132                         goto finish;
3133                 }
3134
3135                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3136                 printf("%s\n", text);
3137
3138                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3139         }
3140
3141         r = 0;
3142
3143 finish:
3144         if (m)
3145                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3146
3147         if (reply)
3148                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3149
3150         dbus_error_free(&error);
3151
3152         return r;
3153 }
3154
3155 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3156         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3157         DBusError error;
3158         int r;
3159         const char *method;
3160         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3161         unsigned i;
3162
3163         dbus_error_init(&error);
3164
3165         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3166                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3167                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3168
3169         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3170                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3171                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3172                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3173                               method))) {
3174
3175                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3176                 return -ENOMEM;
3177         }
3178
3179         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3180
3181         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3182                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3183                 r = -ENOMEM;
3184                 goto finish;
3185         }
3186
3187         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3188                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3189                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3190                         r = -ENOMEM;
3191                         goto finish;
3192                 }
3193
3194         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3195                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3196                 r = -ENOMEM;
3197                 goto finish;
3198         }
3199
3200         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3201                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3202                 r = -EIO;
3203                 goto finish;
3204         }
3205
3206         r = 0;
3207
3208 finish:
3209         if (m)
3210                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3211
3212         if (reply)
3213                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3214
3215         dbus_error_free(&error);
3216
3217         return r;
3218 }
3219
3220 typedef struct {
3221         char *name;
3222         char *path;
3223
3224         char **aliases;
3225         char **wanted_by;
3226 } InstallInfo;
3227
3228 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3229 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3230 static unsigned n_symlinks = 0;
3231
3232 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3233         assert(i);
3234
3235         free(i->name);
3236         free(i->path);
3237         strv_free(i->aliases);
3238         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3239         free(i);
3240 }
3241
3242 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3243         InstallInfo *i;
3244
3245         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3246                 install_info_free(i);
3247
3248         hashmap_free(m);
3249 }
3250
3251 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3252         InstallInfo *i;
3253         int r;
3254
3255         assert(will_install);
3256
3257         if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, true)) {
3258                 log_warning("Unit name %s is not a valid unit name.", name);
3259                 return -EINVAL;
3260         }
3261
3262         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3263             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3264                 return 0;
3265
3266         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3267                 r = -ENOMEM;
3268                 goto fail;
3269         }
3270
3271         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3272                 r = -ENOMEM;
3273                 goto fail;
3274         }
3275
3276         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3277                 goto fail;
3278
3279         return 0;
3280
3281 fail:
3282         if (i)
3283                 install_info_free(i);
3284
3285         return r;
3286 }
3287
3288 static int config_parse_also(
3289                 const char *filename,
3290                 unsigned line,
3291                 const char *section,
3292                 const char *lvalue,
3293                 const char *rvalue,
3294                 void *data,
3295                 void *userdata) {
3296
3297         char *w;
3298         size_t l;
3299         char *state;
3300
3301         assert(filename);
3302         assert(lvalue);
3303         assert(rvalue);
3304
3305         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3306                 char *n;
3307                 int r;
3308
3309                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3310                         return -ENOMEM;
3311
3312                 if ((r = install_info_add(n)) < 0) {
3313                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", n, strerror(-r));
3314                         free(n);
3315                         return r;
3316                 }
3317
3318                 free(n);
3319         }
3320
3321         return 0;
3322 }
3323
3324 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3325         char *n;
3326         int r;
3327
3328         assert(p);
3329         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3330
3331         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3332                 return 0;
3333
3334         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3335                 return -ENOMEM;
3336
3337         path_kill_slashes(n);
3338
3339         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3340                 free(n);
3341                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3342         }
3343
3344         return 0;
3345 }
3346
3347 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3348         int r = 0;
3349         DIR *d;
3350         struct dirent *de;
3351
3352         assert(fd >= 0);
3353         assert(root);
3354         assert(deleted);
3355
3356         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3357                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3358                 return -errno;
3359         }
3360
3361         rewinddir(d);
3362
3363         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3364                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3365
3366                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3367                         continue;
3368
3369                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3370                         is_link = true;
3371                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3372                         is_dir = true;
3373                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3374                         struct stat st;
3375
3376                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3377                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3378
3379                                 if (r == 0)
3380                                         r = -errno;
3381                                 continue;
3382                         }
3383
3384                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3385                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3386                 } else
3387                         continue;
3388
3389                 if (is_dir) {
3390                         int nfd, q;
3391                         char *p;
3392
3393                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3394                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3395
3396                                 if (r == 0)
3397                                         r = -errno;
3398                                 continue;
3399                         }
3400
3401                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3402                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3403                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3404                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3405                                 break;
3406                         }
3407
3408                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3409                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3410                         free(p);
3411
3412                         if (r == 0)
3413                                 r = q;
3414
3415                 } else if (is_link) {
3416                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3417                         int q;
3418
3419                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3420                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3421                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3422                                 break;
3423                         }
3424
3425                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3426                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3427                                 free(p);
3428
3429                                 if (r == 0)
3430                                         r = q;
3431                                 continue;
3432                         }
3433
3434                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3435                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3436                                  * is already removed */
3437
3438                                 free(dest);
3439                                 dest = c;
3440                         }
3441
3442                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3443                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3444
3445                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3446                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3447
3448                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3449                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3450
3451                                         if (r == 0)
3452                                                 r = -errno;
3453                                 } else {
3454                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3455                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3456
3457                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3458
3459                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3460                                                         if (r == 0)
3461                                                                 r = q;
3462                                                 } else
3463                                                         *deleted = true;
3464                                         }
3465                                 }
3466                         }
3467
3468                         free(p);
3469                         free(dest);
3470                 }
3471         }
3472
3473         closedir(d);
3474
3475         return r;
3476 }
3477
3478 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3479         int fd, r = 0;
3480         bool deleted;
3481
3482         assert(config_path);
3483
3484         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3485                 return 0;
3486
3487         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3488                 return -errno;
3489
3490         do {
3491                 int q, cfd;
3492                 deleted = false;
3493
3494                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3495                         r = -errno;
3496                         break;
3497                 }
3498
3499                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3500                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3501                         if (r == 0)
3502                                 r = q;
3503                 }
3504         } while (deleted);
3505
3506         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3507
3508         return r;
3509 }
3510
3511 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3512         int r;
3513
3514         assert(old_path);
3515         assert(new_path);
3516         assert(verb);
3517
3518         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3519                 char *dest;
3520
3521                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3522
3523                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3524
3525                         if (!arg_quiet)
3526                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3527
3528                         return 0;
3529                 }
3530
3531                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3532                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3533                         return -errno;
3534                 }
3535
3536                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3537
3538                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3539                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3540                                 return -EEXIST;
3541                         }
3542
3543                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3544                         return r;
3545                 }
3546
3547                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3548                         free(dest);
3549                         return 0;
3550                 }
3551
3552                 if (!arg_force) {
3553                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3554                         free(dest);
3555                         return -EEXIST;
3556                 }
3557
3558                 free(dest);
3559                 unlink(new_path);
3560
3561                 if (!arg_quiet)
3562                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3563
3564                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3565                         return 0;
3566
3567                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3568                 return -errno;
3569
3570         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3571                 char *dest;
3572
3573                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3574                         return r;
3575
3576                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3577                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3578                                 return 0;
3579
3580                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3581                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3582                                 return 0;
3583                         }
3584
3585                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3586                         return r;
3587                 }
3588
3589                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3590                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3591                         free(dest);
3592                         return 0;
3593                 }
3594
3595                 free(dest);
3596
3597                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3598                         return r;
3599
3600                 if (!arg_quiet)
3601                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3602
3603                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3604                         return 0;
3605
3606                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3607                 return -errno;
3608
3609         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3610                 char *dest;
3611
3612                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3613
3614                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3615                                 return 0;
3616
3617                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3618                         return r;
3619                 }
3620
3621                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3622                         free(dest);
3623                         return 1;
3624                 }
3625
3626                 return 0;
3627         }
3628
3629         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3630 }
3631
3632 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3633         char **s;
3634         char *alias_path = NULL;
3635         int r;
3636
3637         assert(verb);
3638         assert(i);
3639         assert(config_path);
3640
3641         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3642
3643                 free(alias_path);
3644                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3645                         log_error("Out of memory");
3646                         r = -ENOMEM;
3647                         goto finish;
3648                 }
3649
3650                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3651                         goto finish;
3652
3653                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3654                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3655         }
3656         r = 0;
3657
3658 finish:
3659         free(alias_path);
3660
3661         return r;
3662 }
3663
3664 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3665         char **s;
3666         char *alias_path = NULL;
3667         int r;
3668
3669         assert(verb);
3670         assert(i);
3671         assert(config_path);
3672
3673         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3674                 if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(*s, true)) {
3675                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3676                         r = -EINVAL;
3677                         goto finish;
3678                 }
3679
3680                 free(alias_path);
3681                 alias_path = NULL;
3682
3683                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3684                         log_error("Out of memory");
3685                         r = -ENOMEM;
3686                         goto finish;
3687                 }
3688
3689                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3690                         goto finish;
3691
3692                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3693                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3694         }
3695
3696         r = 0;
3697
3698 finish:
3699         free(alias_path);
3700
3701         return r;
3702 }
3703
3704 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3705
3706         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3707                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3708                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3709                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3710
3711                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3712         };
3713
3714         char **p;
3715         char *filename = NULL;
3716         FILE *f = NULL;
3717         int r;
3718
3719         assert(paths);
3720         assert(i);
3721
3722         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3723                 int fd;
3724
3725                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3726                         log_error("Out of memory");
3727                         return -ENOMEM;
3728                 }
3729
3730                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3731                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3732                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3733                                 break;
3734
3735                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3736                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3737                         free(filename);
3738                         return -errno;
3739                 }
3740
3741                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3742                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3743                         free(filename);
3744                         return -errno;
3745                 }
3746
3747                 free(filename);
3748                 filename = NULL;
3749         }
3750
3751         if (!f) {
3752                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3753                 return -ENOENT;
3754         }
3755
3756         i->path = filename;
3757
3758         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3759                 fclose(f);
3760                 return r;
3761         }
3762
3763         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->aliases);
3764         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->wanted_by);
3765
3766         fclose(f);
3767
3768         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3769                 return r;
3770
3771         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3772                 return r;
3773
3774         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3775                 return r;
3776
3777         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3778                 return r;
3779
3780         return 0;
3781 }
3782
3783 static char *get_config_path(void) {
3784
3785         if (arg_session && arg_global)
3786                 return strdup(SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3787
3788         if (arg_session) {
3789                 char *p;
3790
3791                 if (session_config_home(&p) < 0)
3792                         return NULL;
3793
3794                 return p;
3795         }
3796
3797         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3798 }
3799
3800 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3801         DBusError error;
3802         int r;
3803         LookupPaths paths;
3804         char *config_path = NULL;
3805         unsigned j;
3806         InstallInfo *i;
3807         const char *verb = args[0];
3808
3809         dbus_error_init(&error);
3810
3811         zero(paths);
3812         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_session ? MANAGER_SESSION : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
3813                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
3814                 goto finish;
3815         }
3816
3817         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
3818                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
3819                 r = -ENOMEM;
3820                 goto finish;
3821         }
3822
3823         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3824         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3825
3826         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
3827                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
3828                 r = -ENOMEM;
3829                 goto finish;
3830         }
3831
3832         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
3833                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
3834                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
3835                         r = -ENOMEM;
3836                         goto finish;
3837                 }
3838
3839         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
3840                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0) {
3841                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", args[j], strerror(-r));
3842                         goto finish;
3843                 }
3844
3845         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
3846                 int q;
3847
3848                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
3849
3850                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
3851
3852                         if (q < 0) {
3853                                 if (r == 0)
3854                                         r = q;
3855                                 goto finish;
3856                         }
3857
3858                         /* In test mode and found something */
3859                         r = 1;
3860                         break;
3861                 }
3862         }
3863
3864         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3865                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
3866         else {
3867                 if (n_symlinks <= 0)
3868                         log_warning("Unit files contain no applicable installation information. Ignoring.");
3869
3870                 if (bus &&
3871                     /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
3872                     !arg_no_reload &&
3873                     /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
3874                     !arg_global &&
3875                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
3876                     (arg_session || sd_booted() > 0) &&
3877                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
3878                     (arg_session || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
3879                         int q;
3880
3881                         if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
3882                                 r = q;
3883                 }
3884         }
3885
3886 finish:
3887         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
3888         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
3889
3890         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
3891
3892         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3893
3894         free(config_path);
3895
3896         return r;
3897 }
3898
3899 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3900
3901         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3902                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
3903                "  -h --help          Show this help\n"
3904                "     --version       Show package version\n"
3905                "  -t --type=TYPE     List only units of a particular type\n"
3906                "  -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"
3907                "  -a --all           Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3908                "     --full          Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3909                "     --fail          When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3910                "                     pending\n"
3911                "  -q --quiet         Suppress output\n"
3912                "     --no-block      Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3913                "     --system        Connect to system bus\n"
3914                "     --session       Connect to session bus\n"
3915                "     --order         When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3916                "     --require       When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3917                "     --no-wall       Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3918                "     --global        Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3919                "     --no-reload     When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3920                "                     configuration\n"
3921                "     --force         When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3922                "     --defaults      When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
3923                "Commands:\n"
3924                "  list-units                      List units\n"
3925                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3926                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3927                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3928                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3929                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3930                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3931                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3932                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3933                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3934                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3935                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3936                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3937                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3938                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3939                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
3940                "                                  units\n"
3941                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3942                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3943                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
3944                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
3945                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3946                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
3947                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
3948                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3949                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
3950                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3951                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
3952                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3953                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
3954                "  daemon-exit                     Ask the systemd manager to quit\n"
3955                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3956                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3957                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
3958                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3959                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3960                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3961                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3962                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3963                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n",
3964                program_invocation_short_name);
3965
3966         return 0;
3967 }
3968
3969 static int halt_help(void) {
3970
3971         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3972                "%s the system.\n\n"
3973                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3974                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3975                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
3976                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3977                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3978                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
3979                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
3980                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3981                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3982                program_invocation_short_name,
3983                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
3984                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
3985                                                "Halt");
3986
3987         return 0;
3988 }
3989
3990 static int shutdown_help(void) {
3991
3992         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
3993                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
3994                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3995                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3996                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
3997                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3998                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
3999                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4000                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4001                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4002                program_invocation_short_name);
4003
4004         return 0;
4005 }
4006
4007 static int telinit_help(void) {
4008
4009         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4010                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4011                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4012                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4013                "Commands:\n"
4014                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4015                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4016                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4017                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4018                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4019                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4020                program_invocation_short_name);
4021
4022         return 0;
4023 }
4024
4025 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4026
4027         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4028                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4029                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4030                program_invocation_short_name);
4031
4032         return 0;
4033 }
4034
4035 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4036
4037         enum {
4038                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4039                 ARG_VERSION,
4040                 ARG_SESSION,
4041                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4042                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4043                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4044                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4045                 ARG_ORDER,
4046                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4047                 ARG_FULL,
4048                 ARG_FORCE,
4049                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4050                 ARG_DEFAULTS
4051         };
4052
4053         static const struct option options[] = {
4054                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4055                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4056                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4057                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4058                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4059                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4060                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4061                 { "session",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SESSION   },
4062                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4063                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4064                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4065                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4066                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4067                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4068                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4069                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4070                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4071                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4072                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4073         };
4074
4075         int c;
4076
4077         assert(argc >= 0);
4078         assert(argv);
4079
4080         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aq", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4081
4082                 switch (c) {
4083
4084                 case 'h':
4085                         systemctl_help();
4086                         return 0;
4087
4088                 case ARG_VERSION:
4089                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4090                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4091                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4092                         return 0;
4093
4094                 case 't':
4095                         arg_type = optarg;
4096                         break;
4097
4098                 case 'p': {
4099                         char **l;
4100
4101                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4102                                 return -ENOMEM;
4103
4104                         strv_free(arg_property);
4105                         arg_property = l;
4106
4107                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4108                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4109                          * empty. */
4110                         arg_all = true;
4111                         break;
4112                 }
4113
4114                 case 'a':
4115                         arg_all = true;
4116                         break;
4117
4118                 case ARG_FAIL:
4119                         arg_fail = true;
4120                         break;
4121
4122                 case ARG_SESSION:
4123                         arg_session = true;
4124                         break;
4125
4126                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4127                         arg_session = false;
4128                         break;
4129
4130                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4131                         arg_no_block = true;
4132                         break;
4133
4134                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4135                         arg_no_wall = true;
4136                         break;
4137
4138                 case ARG_ORDER:
4139                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4140                         break;
4141
4142                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4143                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4144                         break;
4145
4146                 case ARG_FULL:
4147                         arg_full = true;
4148                         break;
4149
4150                 case 'q':
4151                         arg_quiet = true;
4152                         break;
4153
4154                 case ARG_FORCE:
4155                         arg_force = true;
4156                         break;
4157
4158                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4159                         arg_no_reload = true;
4160                         break;
4161
4162                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4163                         arg_global = true;
4164                         arg_session = true;
4165                         break;
4166
4167                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4168                         arg_defaults = true;
4169                         break;
4170
4171                 case '?':
4172                         return -EINVAL;
4173
4174                 default:
4175                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4176                         return -EINVAL;
4177                 }
4178         }
4179
4180         return 1;
4181 }
4182
4183 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4184
4185         enum {
4186                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4187                 ARG_HALT,
4188                 ARG_REBOOT,
4189                 ARG_NO_WALL
4190         };
4191
4192         static const struct option options[] = {
4193                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4194                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4195                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4196                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4197                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4198                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4199                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4200                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4201                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4202                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4203         };
4204
4205         int c, runlevel;
4206
4207         assert(argc >= 0);
4208         assert(argv);
4209
4210         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4211                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4212                         arg_immediate = true;
4213
4214         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4215                 switch (c) {
4216
4217                 case ARG_HELP:
4218                         halt_help();
4219                         return 0;
4220
4221                 case ARG_HALT:
4222                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4223                         break;
4224
4225                 case 'p':
4226                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4227                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4228                         break;
4229
4230                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4231                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4232                         break;
4233
4234                 case 'f':
4235                         arg_immediate = true;
4236                         break;
4237
4238                 case 'w':
4239                         arg_dry = true;
4240                         break;
4241
4242                 case 'd':
4243                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4244                         break;
4245
4246                 case 'n':
4247                         arg_no_sync = true;
4248                         break;
4249
4250                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4251                         arg_no_wall = true;
4252                         break;
4253
4254                 case 'i':
4255                 case 'h':
4256                         /* Compatibility nops */
4257                         break;
4258
4259                 case '?':
4260                         return -EINVAL;
4261
4262                 default:
4263                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4264                         return -EINVAL;
4265                 }
4266         }
4267
4268         if (optind < argc) {
4269                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4270                 return -EINVAL;
4271         }
4272
4273         return 1;
4274 }
4275
4276 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4277         assert(t);
4278         assert(_u);
4279
4280         if (streq(t, "now"))
4281                 *_u = 0;
4282         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4283                 uint64_t u;
4284
4285                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4286                         return -EINVAL;
4287
4288                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4289         } else {
4290                 char *e = NULL;
4291                 long hour, minute;
4292                 struct tm tm;
4293                 time_t s;
4294                 usec_t n;
4295
4296                 errno = 0;
4297                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4298                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4299                         return -EINVAL;
4300
4301                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4302                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4303                         return -EINVAL;
4304
4305                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4306                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4307
4308                 zero(tm);
4309                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4310
4311                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4312                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4313                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4314
4315                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4316
4317                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4318
4319                 while (*_u <= n)
4320                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4321         }
4322
4323         return 0;
4324 }
4325
4326 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4327
4328         enum {
4329                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4330                 ARG_NO_WALL
4331         };
4332
4333         static const struct option options[] = {
4334                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4335                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4336                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4337                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4338                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4339                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4340         };
4341
4342         int c, r;
4343
4344         assert(argc >= 0);
4345         assert(argv);
4346
4347         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4348                 switch (c) {
4349
4350                 case ARG_HELP:
4351                         shutdown_help();
4352                         return 0;
4353
4354                 case 'H':
4355                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4356                         break;
4357
4358                 case 'P':
4359                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4360                         break;
4361
4362                 case 'r':
4363                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4364                         break;
4365
4366                 case 'h':
4367                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4368                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4369                         break;
4370
4371                 case 'k':
4372                         arg_dry = true;
4373                         break;
4374
4375                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4376                         arg_no_wall = true;
4377                         break;
4378
4379                 case 't':
4380                 case 'a':
4381                         /* Compatibility nops */
4382                         break;
4383
4384                 case 'c':
4385                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4386                         break;
4387
4388                 case '?':
4389                         return -EINVAL;
4390
4391                 default:
4392                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4393                         return -EINVAL;
4394                 }
4395         }
4396
4397         if (argc > optind) {
4398                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4399                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4400                         return r;
4401                 }
4402         } else
4403                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4404
4405         /* We skip the time argument */
4406         if (argc > optind + 1)
4407                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4408
4409         optind = argc;
4410
4411         return 1;
4412 }
4413
4414 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4415
4416         enum {
4417                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4418                 ARG_NO_WALL
4419         };
4420
4421         static const struct option options[] = {
4422                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4423                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4424                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4425         };
4426
4427         static const struct {
4428                 char from;
4429                 enum action to;
4430         } table[] = {
4431                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4432                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4433                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4434                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4435                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4436                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4437                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4438                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4439                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4440                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4441                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4442                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4443                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4444         };
4445
4446         unsigned i;
4447         int c;
4448
4449         assert(argc >= 0);
4450         assert(argv);
4451
4452         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4453                 switch (c) {
4454
4455                 case ARG_HELP:
4456                         telinit_help();
4457                         return 0;
4458
4459                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4460                         arg_no_wall = true;
4461                         break;
4462
4463                 case '?':
4464                         return -EINVAL;
4465
4466                 default:
4467                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4468                         return -EINVAL;
4469                 }
4470         }
4471
4472         if (optind >= argc) {
4473                 telinit_help();
4474                 return -EINVAL;
4475         }
4476
4477         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4478                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4479                 return -EINVAL;
4480         }
4481
4482         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4483                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4484                 return -EINVAL;
4485         }
4486
4487         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4488                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4489                         break;
4490
4491         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4492                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4493                 return -EINVAL;
4494         }
4495
4496         arg_action = table[i].to;
4497
4498         optind ++;
4499
4500         return 1;
4501 }
4502
4503 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4504
4505         enum {
4506                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4507         };
4508
4509         static const struct option options[] = {
4510                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4511                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4512         };
4513
4514         int c;
4515
4516         assert(argc >= 0);
4517         assert(argv);
4518
4519         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4520                 switch (c) {
4521
4522                 case ARG_HELP:
4523                         runlevel_help();
4524                         return 0;
4525
4526                 case '?':
4527                         return -EINVAL;
4528
4529                 default:
4530                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4531                         return -EINVAL;
4532                 }
4533         }
4534
4535         if (optind < argc) {
4536                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4537                 return -EINVAL;
4538         }
4539
4540         return 1;
4541 }
4542
4543 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4544         assert(argc >= 0);
4545         assert(argv);
4546
4547         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4548
4549                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4550                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4551                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4552                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4553                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4554                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4555                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4556                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4557                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4558                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4559                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4560                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4561                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4562
4563                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4564                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4565                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4566                         } else {
4567                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4568                                  * running, we need to forward this
4569                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4570                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4571
4572                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4573
4574                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4575                                 return -EIO;
4576                         }
4577
4578                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4579                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4580                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4581                 }
4582         }
4583
4584         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4585         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4586 }
4587
4588 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4589
4590         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4591                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4592                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4593                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4594                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4595                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4596                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4597                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4598                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4599         };
4600
4601         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4602
4603         return table[arg_action];
4604 }
4605
4606 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4607         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4608         DBusError error;
4609         int previous, rl, r;
4610         char
4611                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4612                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4613         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4614         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4615         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4616         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4617         DBusConnection *bus;
4618
4619         dbus_error_init(&error);
4620
4621         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4622                 return 0;
4623
4624         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4625                 previous = 'N';
4626
4627         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4628                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4629                         r = 0;
4630                         goto finish;
4631                 }
4632
4633                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4634                 r = -EIO;
4635                 goto finish;
4636         }
4637
4638         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4639                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4640                 goto finish;
4641         }
4642
4643         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4644                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4645                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4646                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4647                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4648
4649                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4650                 r = -ENOMEM;
4651                 goto finish;
4652         }
4653
4654         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4655
4656         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4657         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4658
4659         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4660             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4661             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4662             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4663             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4664             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4665                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4666                 r = -ENOMEM;
4667                 goto finish;
4668         }
4669
4670         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4671
4672                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4673                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4674                         goto finish;
4675                 }
4676
4677                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4678                 r = -EIO;
4679                 goto finish;
4680         }
4681
4682         r = 0;
4683
4684 finish:
4685         if (m)
4686                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4687
4688         if (reply)
4689                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4690
4691         if (bus) {
4692                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4693                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4694                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4695         }
4696
4697         dbus_error_free(&error);
4698
4699         return r;
4700 }
4701
4702 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4703         struct init_request request;
4704         int r, fd;
4705         char rl;
4706
4707         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4708                 return 0;
4709
4710         zero(request);
4711         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4712         request.sleeptime = 0;
4713         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4714         request.runlevel = rl;
4715
4716         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4717
4718                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4719                         return 0;
4720
4721                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4722                 return -errno;
4723         }
4724
4725         errno = 0;
4726         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4727         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4728
4729         if (r < 0) {
4730                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4731                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4732         }
4733
4734         return 1;
4735 }
4736
4737 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4738
4739         static const struct {
4740                 const char* verb;
4741                 const enum {
4742                         MORE,
4743                         LESS,
4744                         EQUAL
4745                 } argc_cmp;
4746                 const int argc;
4747                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
4748         } verbs[] = {
4749                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4750                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4751                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4752                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4753                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4754                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4755                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4756                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4757                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4758                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4759                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4760                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4761                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4762                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4763                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4764                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4765                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4766                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4767                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4768                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
4769                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4770                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4771                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4772                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4773                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4774                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4775                 { "daemon-exit",           EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4776                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4777                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4778                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4779                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4780                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4781                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4782                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4783                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4784                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4785                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
4786                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4787                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4788                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4789         };
4790
4791         int left;
4792         unsigned i;
4793
4794         assert(argc >= 0);
4795         assert(argv);
4796         assert(error);
4797
4798         left = argc - optind;
4799
4800         if (left <= 0)
4801                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4802                 i = 0;
4803         else {
4804                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4805                         systemctl_help();
4806                         return 0;
4807                 }
4808
4809                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4810                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4811                                 break;
4812
4813                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4814                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4815                         return -EINVAL;
4816                 }
4817         }
4818
4819         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4820
4821         case EQUAL:
4822                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4823                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4824                         return -EINVAL;
4825                 }
4826
4827                 break;
4828
4829         case MORE:
4830                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4831                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4832                         return -EINVAL;
4833                 }
4834
4835                 break;
4836
4837         case LESS:
4838                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4839                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4840                         return -EINVAL;
4841                 }
4842
4843                 break;
4844
4845         default:
4846                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4847         }
4848
4849         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4850          * enable/disable */
4851         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4852             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4853             !bus) {
4854                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
4855                 return -EIO;
4856         }
4857
4858         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
4859 }
4860
4861 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
4862         int fd = -1;
4863         struct msghdr msghdr;
4864         struct iovec iovec;
4865         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
4866         struct shutdownd_command c;
4867
4868         zero(c);
4869         c.elapse = t;
4870         c.mode = mode;
4871         c.warn_wall = warn;
4872
4873         if (message)
4874                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
4875
4876         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
4877                 return -errno;
4878
4879         zero(sockaddr);
4880         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
4881         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
4882         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
4883
4884         zero(iovec);
4885         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
4886         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
4887
4888         zero(msghdr);
4889         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
4890         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
4891
4892         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
4893         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
4894
4895         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
4896                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4897                 return -errno;
4898         }
4899
4900         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4901         return 0;
4902 }
4903
4904 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4905
4906         if (bus) {
4907                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4908                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4909                         return 0;
4910         }
4911
4912         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
4913         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
4914
4915         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
4916                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
4917                 return -errno;
4918         }
4919
4920         return 0;
4921 }
4922
4923 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4924
4925         if (bus) {
4926                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4927                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
4928                         goto done;
4929         }
4930
4931         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
4932          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
4933         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
4934                 goto done;
4935
4936         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
4937          * /dev/initctl */
4938         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
4939                 goto done;
4940
4941         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
4942         return -EIO;
4943
4944 done:
4945         warn_wall(arg_action);
4946         return 0;
4947 }
4948
4949 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
4950         int r;
4951
4952         if (geteuid() != 0) {
4953                 log_error("Must be root.");
4954                 return -EPERM;
4955         }
4956
4957         if (arg_when > 0) {
4958                 char *m;
4959                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
4960
4961                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
4962                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
4963                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
4964                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
4965                                                                    'r',
4966                                    !arg_no_wall,
4967                                    m);
4968                 free(m);
4969
4970                 if (r < 0)
4971                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
4972                 else {
4973                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
4974                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
4975                         return 0;
4976                 }
4977         }
4978
4979         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
4980                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
4981
4982         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
4983                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
4984                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
4985                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
4986                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
4987         }
4988
4989         if (!arg_no_sync)
4990                 sync();
4991
4992         if (arg_dry)
4993                 return 0;
4994
4995         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
4996          * point on... */
4997         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
4998
4999         switch (arg_action) {
5000
5001         case ACTION_HALT:
5002                 log_info("Halting.");
5003                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5004                 break;
5005
5006         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5007                 log_info("Powering off.");
5008                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5009                 break;
5010
5011         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5012                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5013                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5014                 break;
5015
5016         default:
5017                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5018         }
5019
5020         /* We should never reach this. */
5021         return -ENOSYS;
5022 }
5023
5024 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5025         int r, runlevel, previous;
5026
5027         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5028                 printf("unknown\n");
5029                 return r;
5030         }
5031
5032         printf("%c %c\n",
5033                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5034                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5035
5036         return 0;
5037 }
5038
5039 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5040         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5041         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5042         DBusError error;
5043
5044         dbus_error_init(&error);
5045
5046         log_parse_environment();
5047         log_open();
5048
5049         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5050                 goto finish;
5051         else if (r == 0) {
5052                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5053                 goto finish;
5054         }
5055
5056         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5057          * let's shortcut this */
5058         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5059                 r = runlevel_main();
5060                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5061                 goto finish;
5062         }
5063
5064         bus_connect(arg_session ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5065
5066         switch (arg_action) {
5067
5068         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5069                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5070                 break;
5071
5072         case ACTION_HALT:
5073         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5074         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5075                 r = halt_main(bus);
5076                 break;
5077
5078         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5079         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5080         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5081         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5082         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5083         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5084         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5085                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5086                 break;
5087
5088         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5089         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5090                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5091                 break;
5092
5093         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5094                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5095                 break;
5096
5097         case ACTION_INVALID:
5098         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5099         default:
5100                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5101         }
5102
5103         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5104
5105 finish:
5106
5107         if (bus) {
5108                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5109                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5110                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5111         }
5112
5113         dbus_error_free(&error);
5114
5115         dbus_shutdown();
5116
5117         strv_free(arg_property);
5118
5119         return retval;
5120 }