src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34
  35 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  36
  37 #include "log.h"
  38 #include "util.h"
  39 #include "macro.h"
  40 #include "set.h"
  41 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  42 #include "special.h"
  43 #include "initreq.h"
  44 #include "strv.h"
  45 #include "dbus-common.h"
  46 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  48 #include "list.h"
  49 #include "path-lookup.h"
  50 #include "conf-parser.h"
  51 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  52 #include "shutdownd.h"
  53
  54 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  55 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  56 static bool arg_all = false;
  57 static bool arg_fail = false;
  58 static bool arg_session = false;
  59 static bool arg_global = false;
  60 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  61 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  62 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  63 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  64 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  65 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  66 static bool arg_dry = false;
  67 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  68 static bool arg_full = false;
  69 static bool arg_force = false;
  70 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  71 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  72 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  73 static bool arg_skip_fsck = false;
  74 static bool arg_force_fsck = false;
  75 static enum action {
  76         ACTION_INVALID,
  77         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  78         ACTION_HALT,
  79         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  80         ACTION_REBOOT,
  81         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  82         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  83         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  84         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  85         ACTION_RESCUE,
  86         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  87         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  88         ACTION_RELOAD,
  89         ACTION_REEXEC,
  90         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
  91         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
  92         _ACTION_MAX
  93 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
  94 static enum dot {
  95         DOT_ALL,
  96         DOT_ORDER,
  97         DOT_REQUIRE
  98 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
  99
 100 static bool private_bus = false;
 101
 102 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 103
 104 static bool on_tty(void) {
 105         static int t = -1;
 106
 107         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 108                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 109
 110         return t;
 111 }
 112
 113 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 114
 115         if (!on_tty())
 116                 return "";
 117
 118         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 119 }
 120
 121 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 122
 123         if (!on_tty())
 124                 return "";
 125
 126         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 127 }
 128
 129 static bool error_is_no_service(DBusError *error) {
 130
 131         assert(error);
 132
 133         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 134                 return false;
 135
 136         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 137                 return true;
 138
 139         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 140                 return true;
 141
 142         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 143 }
 144
 145 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 146
 147         assert(iter);
 148         assert(data);
 149
 150         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 151                 return -EIO;
 152
 153         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 154
 155         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 156                 return -EIO;
 157
 158         return 0;
 159 }
 160
 161 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 162         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 163                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 164                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 165                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 166                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 167                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 168         };
 169
 170         if (arg_no_wall)
 171                 return;
 172
 173         if (arg_wall) {
 174                 char *p;
 175
 176                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 177                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 178                         return;
 179                 }
 180
 181                 if (*p) {
 182                         utmp_wall(p);
 183                         free(p);
 184                         return;
 185                 }
 186
 187                 free(p);
 188         }
 189
 190         if (!table[action])
 191                 return;
 192
 193         utmp_wall(table[action]);
 194 }
 195
 196 struct unit_info {
 197         const char *id;
 198         const char *description;
 199         const char *load_state;
 200         const char *active_state;
 201         const char *sub_state;
 202         const char *following;
 203         const char *unit_path;
 204         uint32_t job_id;
 205         const char *job_type;
 206         const char *job_path;
 207 };
 208
 209 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 210         const char *d1, *d2;
 211         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 212
 213         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 214         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 215
 216         if (d1 && d2) {
 217                 int r;
 218
 219                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 220                         return r;
 221         }
 222
 223         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 224 }
 225
 226 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 227         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 228         DBusError error;
 229         int r;
 230         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 231         unsigned c = 0, k, n_units = 0;
 232         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 233
 234         dbus_error_init(&error);
 235
 236         assert(bus);
 237
 238         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 239                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 240                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 241                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 242                               "ListUnits"))) {
 243                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 244                 return -ENOMEM;
 245         }
 246
 247         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 248                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 249                 r = -EIO;
 250                 goto finish;
 251         }
 252
 253         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 254             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 255             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 256                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 257                 r = -EIO;
 258                 goto finish;
 259         }
 260
 261         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 262
 263         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 264                 struct unit_info *u;
 265
 266                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 267                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 268                         r = -EIO;
 269                         goto finish;
 270                 }
 271
 272                 if (c >= n_units) {
 273                         struct unit_info *w;
 274
 275                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 276                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 277
 278                         if (!w) {
 279                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 280                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 281                                 goto finish;
 282                         }
 283
 284                         unit_infos = w;
 285                 }
 286
 287                 u = unit_infos+c;
 288
 289                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 290
 291                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 292                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 293                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 294                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 295                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 296                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 297                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 298                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 299                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 300                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 301                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 302                         r = -EIO;
 303                         goto finish;
 304                 }
 305
 306                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 307                 c++;
 308         }
 309
 310         qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 311
 312         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 313                 printf("%-45s %-6s %-12s %-12s %-15s %s\n", "UNIT", "LOAD", "ACTIVE", "SUB", "JOB", "DESCRIPTION");
 314
 315         for (k = 0; k < c; k++) {
 316                 const char *dot;
 317                 struct unit_info *u = unit_infos+k;
 318
 319                 if ((!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 320                                    streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 321                     (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0)) {
 322                         char *e;
 323                         int a = 0, b = 0;
 324                         const char *on, *off;
 325
 326                         if (streq(u->active_state, "maintenance")) {
 327                                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
 328                                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
 329                         } else
 330                                 on = off = "";
 331
 332                         e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 45, 33);
 333                         printf("%-45s %-6s %s%-12s %-12s%s%n", e ? e : u->id, u->load_state, on, u->active_state, u->sub_state, off, &a);
 334                         free(e);
 335
 336                         a -= strlen(on) + strlen(off);
 337
 338                         if (u->job_id != 0)
 339                                 printf(" => %-12s%n", u->job_type, &b);
 340                         else
 341                                 b = 1 + 15;
 342
 343                         if (a + b + 2 < columns()) {
 344                                 if (u->job_id == 0)
 345                                         printf("                ");
 346
 347                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 2, u->description);
 348                         }
 349
 350                         fputs("\n", stdout);
 351                 }
 352         }
 353
 354         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
 355
 356                 printf("\nLOAD   = Load State, reflects whether the unit configuration was properly loaded.\n"
 357                        "ACTIVE = Active State, the high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of the substate.\n"
 358                        "SUB    = Substate, the low-level unit activation state, possible values depend on unit type.\n"
 359                        "JOB    = Job, shows pending jobs for the unit.\n");
 360
 361                 if (arg_all)
 362                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", c);
 363                 else
 364                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", c);
 365         }
 366
 367         r = 0;
 368
 369 finish:
 370         if (m)
 371                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 372
 373         if (reply)
 374                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 375
 376         free(unit_infos);
 377
 378         dbus_error_free(&error);
 379
 380         return r;
 381 }
 382
 383 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 384         static const char * const colors[] = {
 385                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 386                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 387                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 388                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 389                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 390                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 391                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 392                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 393         };
 394
 395         const char *c = NULL;
 396         unsigned i;
 397
 398         assert(name);
 399         assert(prop);
 400         assert(iter);
 401
 402         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 403                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 404                         c = colors[i+1];
 405                         break;
 406                 }
 407
 408         if (!c)
 409                 return 0;
 410
 411         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 412                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 413                         return 0;
 414
 415         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 416
 417         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 418
 419                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 420                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 421
 422                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 423
 424                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 425                                 const char *s;
 426
 427                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 428                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 429                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 430
 431                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 432                         }
 433
 434                         return 0;
 435                 }
 436         }
 437
 438         return 0;
 439 }
 440
 441 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 442         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 443         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 444         int r;
 445         DBusError error;
 446         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 447
 448         assert(bus);
 449         assert(path);
 450
 451         dbus_error_init(&error);
 452
 453         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 454                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 455                               path,
 456                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 457                               "GetAll"))) {
 458                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 459                 r = -ENOMEM;
 460                 goto finish;
 461         }
 462
 463         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 464                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 465                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 466                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 467                 r = -ENOMEM;
 468                 goto finish;
 469         }
 470
 471         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 472                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 473                 r = -EIO;
 474                 goto finish;
 475         }
 476
 477         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 478             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 479             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 480                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 481                 r = -EIO;
 482                 goto finish;
 483         }
 484
 485         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 486
 487         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 488                 const char *prop;
 489
 490                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 491                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 492                         r = -EIO;
 493                         goto finish;
 494                 }
 495
 496                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 497
 498                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 499                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 500                         r = -EIO;
 501                         goto finish;
 502                 }
 503
 504                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 505                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 506                         r = -EIO;
 507                         goto finish;
 508                 }
 509
 510                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 511
 512                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 513                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 514                         r = -EIO;
 515                         goto finish;
 516                 }
 517
 518                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 519         }
 520
 521         r = 0;
 522
 523 finish:
 524         if (m)
 525                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 526
 527         if (reply)
 528                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 529
 530         dbus_error_free(&error);
 531
 532         return r;
 533 }
 534
 535 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 536         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 537         DBusError error;
 538         int r;
 539         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 540
 541         dbus_error_init(&error);
 542
 543         assert(bus);
 544
 545         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 546                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 547                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 548                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 549                               "ListUnits"))) {
 550                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 551                 return -ENOMEM;
 552         }
 553
 554         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 555                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 556                 r = -EIO;
 557                 goto finish;
 558         }
 559
 560         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 561             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 562             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 563                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 564                 r = -EIO;
 565                 goto finish;
 566         }
 567
 568         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 569
 570         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 571         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 572                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 573
 574                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 575                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 576                         r = -EIO;
 577                         goto finish;
 578                 }
 579
 580                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 581
 582                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 583                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 584                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 585                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 586                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 587                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 588                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 589                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 590                         r = -EIO;
 591                         goto finish;
 592                 }
 593
 594                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 595                         goto finish;
 596
 597                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 598                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 599         }
 600
 601         printf("}\n");
 602
 603         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 604                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 605                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 606                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 607                  "                 green     = After\n");
 608
 609         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 610                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 611                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 612
 613         r = 0;
 614
 615 finish:
 616         if (m)
 617                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 618
 619         if (reply)
 620                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 621
 622         dbus_error_free(&error);
 623
 624         return r;
 625 }
 626
 627 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 628         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 629         DBusError error;
 630         int r;
 631         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 632         unsigned k = 0;
 633
 634         dbus_error_init(&error);
 635
 636         assert(bus);
 637
 638         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 639                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 640                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 641                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 642                               "ListJobs"))) {
 643                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 644                 return -ENOMEM;
 645         }
 646
 647         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 648                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 649                 r = -EIO;
 650                 goto finish;
 651         }
 652
 653         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 654             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 655             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 656                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 657                 r = -EIO;
 658                 goto finish;
 659         }
 660
 661         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 662
 663         printf("%4s %-45s %-17s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 664
 665         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 666                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 667                 uint32_t id;
 668                 char *e;
 669
 670                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 671                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 672                         r = -EIO;
 673                         goto finish;
 674                 }
 675
 676                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 677
 678                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 679                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 680                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 681                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 682                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 683                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 684                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 685                         r = -EIO;
 686                         goto finish;
 687                 }
 688
 689                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 45, 33);
 690                 printf("%4u %-45s %-17s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 691                 free(e);
 692
 693                 k++;
 694
 695                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 696         }
 697
 698         printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 699         r = 0;
 700
 701 finish:
 702         if (m)
 703                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 704
 705         if (reply)
 706                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 707
 708         dbus_error_free(&error);
 709
 710         return r;
 711 }
 712
 713 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 714         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 715         DBusError error;
 716         int r;
 717         unsigned i;
 718
 719         dbus_error_init(&error);
 720
 721         assert(bus);
 722         assert(args);
 723
 724         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 725
 726                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 727                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 728                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 729                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 730                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 731                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 732                         r = -ENOMEM;
 733                         goto finish;
 734                 }
 735
 736                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 737                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 738                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 739                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 740                         r = -ENOMEM;
 741                         goto finish;
 742                 }
 743
 744                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 745                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 746                         r = -EIO;
 747                         goto finish;
 748                 }
 749
 750                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 751                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 752
 753                 m = reply = NULL;
 754         }
 755
 756         r = 0;
 757
 758 finish:
 759         if (m)
 760                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 761
 762         if (reply)
 763                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 764
 765         dbus_error_free(&error);
 766
 767         return r;
 768 }
 769
 770 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 771         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 772         DBusError error;
 773         int r;
 774         unsigned i;
 775
 776         dbus_error_init(&error);
 777
 778         assert(bus);
 779         assert(args);
 780
 781         if (n <= 1)
 782                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 783
 784         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 785                 unsigned id;
 786                 const char *path;
 787
 788                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 789                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 790                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 791                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 792                                       "GetJob"))) {
 793                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 794                         r = -ENOMEM;
 795                         goto finish;
 796                 }
 797
 798                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 799                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 800                         goto finish;
 801                 }
 802
 803                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 804                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 805                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 806                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 807                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 808                         r = -ENOMEM;
 809                         goto finish;
 810                 }
 811
 812                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 813                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 814                         r = -EIO;
 815                         goto finish;
 816                 }
 817
 818                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 819                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 820                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 821                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
 822                         r = -EIO;
 823                         goto finish;
 824                 }
 825
 826                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 827                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 828                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 829                                       path,
 830                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 831                                       "Cancel"))) {
 832                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 833                         r = -ENOMEM;
 834                         goto finish;
 835                 }
 836
 837                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 838                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 839                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
 840                         r = -EIO;
 841                         goto finish;
 842                 }
 843
 844                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 845                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 846                 m = reply = NULL;
 847         }
 848
 849         r = 0;
 850
 851 finish:
 852         if (m)
 853                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 854
 855         if (reply)
 856                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 857
 858         dbus_error_free(&error);
 859
 860         return r;
 861 }
 862
 863 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
 864         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 865         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
 866         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 867         const char
 868                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
 869                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
 870                 *path;
 871
 872         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
 873
 874         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 875                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 876                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 877                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 878                               "GetUnit")))
 879                 goto finish;
 880
 881         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 882                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
 883                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 884                 goto finish;
 885
 886         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 887                 goto finish;
 888
 889         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
 890                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 891                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 892                 goto finish;
 893
 894         dbus_message_unref(m);
 895         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 896                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 897                               path,
 898                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 899                               "Get")))
 900                 goto finish;
 901
 902         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 903                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 904                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
 905                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 906                 goto finish;
 907         }
 908
 909         dbus_message_unref(reply);
 910         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 911                 goto finish;
 912
 913         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 914             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
 915                 goto finish;
 916
 917         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 918
 919         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
 920                 goto finish;
 921
 922         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
 923
 924 finish:
 925         if (m)
 926                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 927
 928         if (reply)
 929                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 930
 931         return b;
 932 }
 933
 934 typedef struct WaitData {
 935         Set *set;
 936         bool failed;
 937 } WaitData;
 938
 939 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
 940         DBusError error;
 941         WaitData *d = data;
 942
 943         assert(connection);
 944         assert(message);
 945         assert(d);
 946
 947         dbus_error_init(&error);
 948
 949         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
 950                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
 951                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
 952                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
 953
 954         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
 955                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
 956                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
 957
 958         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
 959                 uint32_t id;
 960                 const char *path;
 961                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
 962
 963                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
 964                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 965                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 966                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
 967                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 968                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
 969                 else {
 970                         char *p;
 971
 972                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
 973                                 free(p);
 974
 975                         if (!success)
 976                                 d->failed = true;
 977                 }
 978         }
 979
 980         dbus_error_free(&error);
 981         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
 982 }
 983
 984 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
 985         DBusError error;
 986
 987         assert(bus);
 988
 989         if (private_bus)
 990                 return 0;
 991
 992         dbus_error_init(&error);
 993         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
 994                            "type='signal',"
 995                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
 996                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
 997                            "member='JobRemoved',"
 998                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
 999                            &error);
1000
1001         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1002                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
1003                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1004                 return -EIO;
1005         }
1006
1007         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1008         return 0;
1009 }
1010
1011 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1012         int r;
1013         WaitData d;
1014
1015         assert(bus);
1016         assert(s);
1017
1018         zero(d);
1019         d.set = s;
1020         d.failed = false;
1021
1022         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1023                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1024                 r = -ENOMEM;
1025                 goto finish;
1026         }
1027
1028         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1029                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1030                 ;
1031
1032         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
1033                 log_error("Job failed, see logs for details.");
1034
1035         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
1036
1037 finish:
1038         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1039
1040         return r;
1041 }
1042
1043 static int start_unit_one(
1044                 DBusConnection *bus,
1045                 const char *method,
1046                 const char *name,
1047                 const char *mode,
1048                 Set *s) {
1049
1050         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1051         DBusError error;
1052         const char *path;
1053         int r;
1054
1055         assert(bus);
1056         assert(method);
1057         assert(name);
1058         assert(mode);
1059         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1060
1061         dbus_error_init(&error);
1062
1063         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1064                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1065                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1066                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1067                               method))) {
1068                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1069                 r = -ENOMEM;
1070                 goto finish;
1071         }
1072
1073         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1074                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1075                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1076                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1077                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1078                 r = -ENOMEM;
1079                 goto finish;
1080         }
1081
1082         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1083
1084                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
1085                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1086                          * legacy actions. */
1087                         r = 0;
1088                         goto finish;
1089                 }
1090
1091                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
1092                 r = -EIO;
1093                 goto finish;
1094         }
1095
1096         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1097                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1098                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1099                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
1100                 r = -EIO;
1101                 goto finish;
1102         }
1103
1104         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1105                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1106                             arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1107
1108         if (!arg_no_block) {
1109                 char *p;
1110
1111                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1112                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1113                         r = -ENOMEM;
1114                         goto finish;
1115                 }
1116
1117                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1118                         free(p);
1119                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1120                         goto finish;
1121                 }
1122         }
1123
1124         r = 1;
1125
1126 finish:
1127         if (m)
1128                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1129
1130         if (reply)
1131                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1132
1133         dbus_error_free(&error);
1134
1135         return r;
1136 }
1137
1138 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1139         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1140                 return ACTION_HALT;
1141         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1142                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1143         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1144                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1145         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1146                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1147         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1148                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1149         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1150                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1151         else
1152                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1153 }
1154
1155 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1156
1157         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1158                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1159                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1160                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1161                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1162                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1163                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1164                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1165                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1166                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1167                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
1168         };
1169
1170         int r;
1171         unsigned i;
1172         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1173         Set *s = NULL;
1174
1175         assert(bus);
1176
1177         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1178                 method =
1179                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1180                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1181                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1182                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1183                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1184                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1185                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ||
1186                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1187                                                                   "StartUnit";
1188
1189                 mode =
1190                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1191                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1192                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1193                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1194                                                         "replace";
1195
1196                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1197
1198         } else {
1199                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1200                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1201
1202                 method = "StartUnit";
1203
1204                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1205                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1206
1207                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1208         }
1209
1210         if (!arg_no_block) {
1211                 if ((r = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1212                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-r));
1213                         goto finish;
1214                 }
1215
1216                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1217                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1218                         r = -ENOMEM;
1219                         goto finish;
1220                 }
1221         }
1222
1223         r = 0;
1224
1225         if (one_name) {
1226                 if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, s)) <= 0)
1227                         goto finish;
1228         } else {
1229                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1230                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, s)) < 0)
1231                                 goto finish;
1232         }
1233
1234         if (!arg_no_block)
1235                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0)
1236                         goto finish;
1237
1238         r = 1;
1239
1240 finish:
1241         if (s)
1242                 set_free_free(s);
1243
1244         return r;
1245 }
1246
1247 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1248         int r;
1249
1250         assert(bus);
1251         assert(args);
1252
1253         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1254
1255         if (r >= 0)
1256                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1257
1258         return r;
1259 }
1260
1261 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1262         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1263         const char
1264                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1265                 *property = "ActiveState";
1266         int r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1267         DBusError error;
1268         unsigned i;
1269
1270         assert(bus);
1271         assert(args);
1272
1273         dbus_error_init(&error);
1274
1275         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1276                 const char *path = NULL;
1277                 const char *state;
1278                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1279
1280                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1281                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1282                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1283                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1284                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1285                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1286                         r = -ENOMEM;
1287                         goto finish;
1288                 }
1289
1290                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1291                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1292                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1293                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1294                         r = -ENOMEM;
1295                         goto finish;
1296                 }
1297
1298                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1299
1300                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1301                         if (!arg_quiet)
1302                                 puts("unknown");
1303
1304                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1305                         continue;
1306                 }
1307
1308                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1309                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1310                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1311                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
1312                         r = -EIO;
1313                         goto finish;
1314                 }
1315
1316                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1317                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1318                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1319                                       path,
1320                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1321                                       "Get"))) {
1322                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1323                         r = -ENOMEM;
1324                         goto finish;
1325                 }
1326
1327                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1328                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1329                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1330                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1331                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1332                         r = -ENOMEM;
1333                         goto finish;
1334                 }
1335
1336                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1337                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1338                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
1339                         r = -EIO;
1340                         goto finish;
1341                 }
1342
1343                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1344                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1345                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1346                         r = -EIO;
1347                         goto finish;
1348                 }
1349
1350                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1351
1352                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1353                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1354                         r = -EIO;
1355                         goto finish;
1356                 }
1357
1358                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1359
1360                 if (!arg_quiet)
1361                         puts(state);
1362
1363                 if (streq(state, "active") || startswith(state, "reloading"))
1364                         r = 0;
1365
1366                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1367                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1368                 m = reply = NULL;
1369         }
1370
1371 finish:
1372         if (m)
1373                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1374
1375         if (reply)
1376                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1377
1378         dbus_error_free(&error);
1379
1380         return r;
1381 }
1382
1383 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1384         char *path;
1385         char **argv;
1386
1387         bool ignore;
1388
1389         usec_t start_timestamp;
1390         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1391         pid_t pid;
1392         int code;
1393         int status;
1394
1395         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1396 } ExecStatusInfo;
1397
1398 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1399         assert(i);
1400
1401         free(i->path);
1402         strv_free(i->argv);
1403         free(i);
1404 }
1405
1406 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1407         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1408         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1409         const char*path;
1410         unsigned n;
1411         uint32_t pid;
1412         int32_t code, status;
1413         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1414
1415         assert(i);
1416         assert(i);
1417
1418         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1419                 return -EIO;
1420
1421         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1422
1423         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1424                 return -EIO;
1425
1426         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1427                 return -ENOMEM;
1428
1429         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1430             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1431                 return -EIO;
1432
1433         n = 0;
1434         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1435         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1436                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1437                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1438                 n++;
1439         }
1440
1441
1442         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1443                 return -ENOMEM;
1444
1445         n = 0;
1446         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1447         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1448                 const char *s;
1449
1450                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1451                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1452                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1453
1454                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1455                         return -ENOMEM;
1456         }
1457
1458         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1459             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1460             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1461             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1462             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1463             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1464             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1465                 return -EIO;
1466
1467         i->ignore = ignore;
1468         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1469         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1470         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1471         i->code = code;
1472         i->status = status;
1473
1474         return 0;
1475 }
1476
1477 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1478         const char *id;
1479         const char *load_state;
1480         const char *active_state;
1481         const char *sub_state;
1482
1483         const char *description;
1484
1485         const char *path;
1486         const char *default_control_group;
1487
1488         bool need_daemon_reload;
1489
1490         /* Service */
1491         pid_t main_pid;
1492         pid_t control_pid;
1493         const char *status_text;
1494         bool running;
1495
1496         usec_t start_timestamp;
1497         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1498
1499         int exit_code, exit_status;
1500
1501         /* Socket */
1502         unsigned n_accepted;
1503         unsigned n_connections;
1504         bool accept;
1505
1506         /* Device */
1507         const char *sysfs_path;
1508
1509         /* Mount, Automount */
1510         const char *where;
1511
1512         /* Swap */
1513         const char *what;
1514
1515         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1516 } UnitStatusInfo;
1517
1518 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1519         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1520         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1521
1522         assert(i);
1523
1524         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1525          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1526
1527         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1528
1529         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1530                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1531
1532         printf("\n");
1533
1534         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed")) {
1535                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1536                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1537         } else
1538                 on = off = "";
1539
1540         if (i->path)
1541                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1542         else
1543                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1544
1545         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1546
1547         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "maintenance")) {
1548                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1549                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1550         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1551                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1552                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1553         } else
1554                 on = off = "";
1555
1556         if (ss)
1557                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s\n",
1558                        on,
1559                        strna(i->active_state),
1560                        ss,
1561                        off);
1562         else
1563                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s\n",
1564                        on,
1565                        strna(i->active_state),
1566                        off);
1567
1568         if (i->sysfs_path)
1569                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1570         else if (i->where)
1571                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1572         else if (i->what)
1573                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1574
1575         if (i->accept)
1576                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1577
1578         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1579                 char *t;
1580
1581                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1582                 if (p->code == 0)
1583                         continue;
1584
1585                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1586                 printf("\t  Exited: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1587                 free(t);
1588
1589                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED)
1590                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1591                 else
1592                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1593                 printf(")\n");
1594
1595                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1596                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1597                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1598                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1599                         i->main_pid = 0;
1600
1601                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1602                         i->control_pid = 0;
1603         }
1604
1605         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1606                 printf("\t");
1607
1608                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1609                         printf("    Main: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1610
1611                         if (i->running) {
1612                                 char *t = NULL;
1613                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1614                                 if (t) {
1615                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1616                                         free(t);
1617                                 }
1618                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1619                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1620
1621                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED)
1622                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1623                                 else
1624                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1625                                 printf(")");
1626                         }
1627                 }
1628
1629                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1630                         printf(";");
1631
1632                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1633                         char *t = NULL;
1634
1635                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1636
1637                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1638                         if (t) {
1639                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1640                                 free(t);
1641                         }
1642                 }
1643
1644                 printf("\n");
1645         }
1646
1647         if (i->status_text)
1648                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1649
1650         if (i->default_control_group) {
1651                 unsigned c;
1652
1653                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1654
1655                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1656                         c -= 18;
1657                 else
1658                         c = 0;
1659
1660                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1661         }
1662
1663         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1664                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1665                        ansi_highlight(true),
1666                        ansi_highlight(false),
1667                        arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1668 }
1669
1670 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1671
1672         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1673
1674         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1675                 const char *s;
1676
1677                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1678
1679                 if (s[0]) {
1680                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1681                                 i->id = s;
1682                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1683                                 i->load_state = s;
1684                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1685                                 i->active_state = s;
1686                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1687                                 i->sub_state = s;
1688                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1689                                 i->description = s;
1690                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1691                                 i->path = s;
1692                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath"))
1693                                 i->path = s;
1694                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1695                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1696                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1697                                 i->status_text = s;
1698                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1699                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1700                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1701                                 i->where = s;
1702                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1703                                 i->what = s;
1704                 }
1705
1706                 break;
1707         }
1708
1709         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1710                 dbus_bool_t b;
1711
1712                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1713
1714                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
1715                         i->accept = b;
1716                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
1717                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
1718
1719                 break;
1720         }
1721
1722         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1723                 uint32_t u;
1724
1725                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1726
1727                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
1728                         if (u > 0) {
1729                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1730                                 i->running = true;
1731                         }
1732                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
1733                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
1734                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
1735                         if (u > 0)
1736                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1737                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
1738                         i->n_accepted = u;
1739                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
1740                         i->n_connections = u;
1741
1742                 break;
1743         }
1744
1745         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1746                 int32_t j;
1747
1748                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
1749
1750                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
1751                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
1752                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
1753                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
1754
1755                 break;
1756         }
1757
1758         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1759                 uint64_t u;
1760
1761                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1762
1763                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
1764                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1765                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
1766                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1767
1768                 break;
1769         }
1770
1771         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1772
1773                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
1774                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1775                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1776
1777                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1778                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1779                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
1780                                 int r;
1781
1782                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
1783                                         return -ENOMEM;
1784
1785                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
1786                                         free(info);
1787                                         return r;
1788                                 }
1789
1790                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
1791
1792                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1793                         }
1794                 }
1795
1796                 break;
1797         }
1798         }
1799
1800         return 0;
1801 }
1802
1803 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
1804         assert(name);
1805         assert(iter);
1806
1807         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
1808          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
1809
1810         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
1811                 return 0;
1812
1813         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1814
1815         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1816                 const char *s;
1817                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1818
1819                 if (arg_all || s[0])
1820                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1821
1822                 return 0;
1823         }
1824
1825         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1826                 dbus_bool_t b;
1827                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1828                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
1829
1830                 return 0;
1831         }
1832
1833         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1834                 uint64_t u;
1835                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1836
1837                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
1838                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
1839
1840                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
1841                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
1842
1843                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
1844                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
1845                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
1846                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1847
1848                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
1849                 } else
1850                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
1851
1852                 return 0;
1853         }
1854
1855         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1856                 uint32_t u;
1857                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1858
1859                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
1860                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
1861                 else
1862                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1863
1864                 return 0;
1865         }
1866
1867         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1868                 int32_t i;
1869                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
1870
1871                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
1872                 return 0;
1873         }
1874
1875         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
1876                 DBusMessageIter sub;
1877                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1878
1879                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
1880                         uint32_t u;
1881
1882                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
1883
1884                         if (u)
1885                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
1886                         else if (arg_all)
1887                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
1888
1889                         return 0;
1890                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
1891                         const char *s;
1892
1893                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
1894
1895                         if (arg_all || s[0])
1896                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1897
1898                         return 0;
1899                 }
1900
1901                 break;
1902         }
1903
1904         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
1905
1906                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
1907                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1908                         bool space = false;
1909
1910                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1911                         if (arg_all ||
1912                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1913                                 printf("%s=", name);
1914
1915                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1916                                         const char *s;
1917
1918                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1919                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
1920                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
1921
1922                                         space = true;
1923                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1924                                 }
1925
1926                                 puts("");
1927                         }
1928
1929                         return 0;
1930
1931                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
1932                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1933
1934                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1935                         if (arg_all ||
1936                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1937                                 printf("%s=", name);
1938
1939                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1940                                         uint8_t u;
1941
1942                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
1943                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
1944                                         printf("%02x", u);
1945
1946                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1947                                 }
1948
1949                                 puts("");
1950                         }
1951
1952                         return 0;
1953
1954                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
1955                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
1956
1957                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1958                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1959                                 const char *type, *path;
1960
1961                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1962
1963                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
1964                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
1965                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
1966
1967                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1968                         }
1969
1970                         return 0;
1971
1972                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
1973                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
1974
1975                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1976                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1977                                 const char *base;
1978                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
1979
1980                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1981
1982                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
1983                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
1984                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
1985                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1986
1987                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
1988                                                base,
1989                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
1990                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
1991                                 }
1992
1993                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1994                         }
1995
1996                         return 0;
1997
1998                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1999                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2000
2001                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2002                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2003                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2004
2005                                 zero(info);
2006                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2007                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2008                                         char *t;
2009
2010                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2011
2012                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2013                                                name,
2014                                                strna(info.path),
2015                                                strna(t),
2016                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2017                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2018                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2019                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2020                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2021                                                info.status,
2022                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2023                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2024
2025                                         free(t);
2026                                 }
2027
2028                                 free(info.path);
2029                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2030
2031                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2032                         }
2033
2034                         return 0;
2035                 }
2036
2037                 break;
2038         }
2039
2040         if (arg_all)
2041                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2042
2043         return 0;
2044 }
2045
2046 static int show_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2047         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2048         const char *interface = "";
2049         int r;
2050         DBusError error;
2051         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2052         UnitStatusInfo info;
2053         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2054
2055         assert(bus);
2056         assert(path);
2057         assert(new_line);
2058
2059         zero(info);
2060         dbus_error_init(&error);
2061
2062         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2063                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2064                               path,
2065                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2066                               "GetAll"))) {
2067                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2068                 r = -ENOMEM;
2069                 goto finish;
2070         }
2071
2072         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2073                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2074                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2075                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2076                 r = -ENOMEM;
2077                 goto finish;
2078         }
2079
2080         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2081                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2082                 r = -EIO;
2083                 goto finish;
2084         }
2085
2086         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2087             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2088             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2089                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2090                 r = -EIO;
2091                 goto finish;
2092         }
2093
2094         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2095
2096         if (*new_line)
2097                 printf("\n");
2098
2099         *new_line = true;
2100
2101         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2102                 const char *name;
2103
2104                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2105                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2106                         r = -EIO;
2107                         goto finish;
2108                 }
2109
2110                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2111
2112                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2113                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2114                         r = -EIO;
2115                         goto finish;
2116                 }
2117
2118                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2119                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2120                         r = -EIO;
2121                         goto finish;
2122                 }
2123
2124                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2125
2126                 if (show_properties)
2127                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2128                 else
2129                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2130
2131                 if (r < 0) {
2132                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2133                         r = -EIO;
2134                         goto finish;
2135                 }
2136
2137                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2138         }
2139
2140         if (!show_properties)
2141                 print_status_info(&info);
2142
2143         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2144                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2145                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2146         }
2147
2148         r = 0;
2149
2150 finish:
2151         if (m)
2152                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2153
2154         if (reply)
2155                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2156
2157         dbus_error_free(&error);
2158
2159         return r;
2160 }
2161
2162 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2163         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2164         int r;
2165         DBusError error;
2166         unsigned i;
2167         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2168
2169         assert(bus);
2170         assert(args);
2171
2172         dbus_error_init(&error);
2173
2174         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2175
2176         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2177                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2178                  * itself */
2179
2180                 r = show_one(bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2181                 goto finish;
2182         }
2183
2184         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2185                 const char *path = NULL;
2186                 uint32_t id;
2187
2188                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2189
2190                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2191
2192                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2193                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2194                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2195                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2196                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2197                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2198                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2199                                 goto finish;
2200                         }
2201
2202                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2203                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2204                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2205                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2206                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2207                                 goto finish;
2208                         }
2209
2210                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2211
2212                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2213                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2214                                         r = -EIO;
2215                                         goto finish;
2216                                 }
2217
2218                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2219
2220                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2221                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2222                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2223                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2224                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2225                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2226                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2227                                         r = -ENOMEM;
2228                                         goto finish;
2229                                 }
2230
2231                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2232                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2233                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2234                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2235                                         r = -ENOMEM;
2236                                         goto finish;
2237                                 }
2238
2239                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2240                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2241                                         r = -EIO;
2242                                         goto finish;
2243                                 }
2244                         }
2245
2246                 } else if (show_properties) {
2247
2248                         /* Interpret as job id */
2249
2250                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2251                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2252                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2253                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2254                                               "GetJob"))) {
2255                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2256                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2257                                 goto finish;
2258                         }
2259
2260                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2261                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2262                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2263                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2264                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2265                                 goto finish;
2266                         }
2267
2268                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2269                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2270                                 r = -EIO;
2271                                 goto finish;
2272                         }
2273                 } else {
2274
2275                         /* Interpret as PID */
2276
2277                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2278                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2279                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2280                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2281                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2282                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2283                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2284                                 goto finish;
2285                         }
2286
2287                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2288                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2289                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2290                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2291                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2292                                 goto finish;
2293                         }
2294
2295                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2296                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2297                                 r = -EIO;
2298                                 goto finish;
2299                         }
2300                 }
2301
2302                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2303                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2304                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2305                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2306                         r = -EIO;
2307                         goto finish;
2308                 }
2309
2310                 if ((r = show_one(bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) < 0)
2311                         goto finish;
2312
2313                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2314                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2315                 m = reply = NULL;
2316         }
2317
2318         r = 0;
2319
2320 finish:
2321         if (m)
2322                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2323
2324         if (reply)
2325                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2326
2327         dbus_error_free(&error);
2328
2329         return r;
2330 }
2331
2332 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2333         DBusError error;
2334         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2335
2336         assert(connection);
2337         assert(message);
2338
2339         dbus_error_init(&error);
2340
2341         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2342                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2343                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2344                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2345
2346         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2347                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2348                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2349
2350         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2351                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2352                 const char *id, *path;
2353
2354                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2355                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2356                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2357                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2358                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
2359                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2360                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2361                 else
2362                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2363
2364         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2365                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2366                 uint32_t id;
2367                 const char *path;
2368
2369                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2370                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2371                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2372                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2373                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", error.message);
2374                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2375                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2376                 else
2377                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2378
2379
2380         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit", "Changed") ||
2381                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job", "Changed")) {
2382
2383                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2384                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2385
2386                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2387                 interface = dbus_message_get_interface(message);
2388
2389                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2390                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2391                               path,
2392                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2393                               "Get"))) {
2394                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2395                         goto oom;
2396                 }
2397
2398                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2399                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2400                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2401                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2402                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2403                         goto finish;
2404                 }
2405
2406                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2407                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2408                         goto finish;
2409                 }
2410
2411                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2412                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2413                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2414                         goto finish;
2415                 }
2416
2417                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2418
2419                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2420                         const char *id;
2421
2422                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2423                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2424                                 goto finish;
2425                         }
2426
2427                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2428                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2429                 } else {
2430                         uint32_t id;
2431
2432                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2433                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2434                                 goto finish;
2435                         }
2436
2437                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2438                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2439                 }
2440         }
2441
2442 finish:
2443         if (m)
2444                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2445
2446         if (reply)
2447                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2448
2449         dbus_error_free(&error);
2450         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2451
2452 oom:
2453         if (m)
2454                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2455
2456         if (reply)
2457                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2458
2459         dbus_error_free(&error);
2460         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2461 }
2462
2463 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2464         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2465         DBusError error;
2466         int r;
2467
2468         dbus_error_init(&error);
2469
2470         if (!private_bus) {
2471                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2472                                    "type='signal',"
2473                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2474                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2475                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2476                                    &error);
2477
2478                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2479                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2480                         r = -EIO;
2481                         goto finish;
2482                 }
2483
2484                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2485                                    "type='signal',"
2486                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2487                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit',"
2488                                    "member='Changed'",
2489                                    &error);
2490
2491                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2492                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2493                         r = -EIO;
2494                         goto finish;
2495                 }
2496
2497                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2498                                    "type='signal',"
2499                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2500                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job',"
2501                                    "member='Changed'",
2502                                    &error);
2503
2504                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2505                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", error.message);
2506                         r = -EIO;
2507                         goto finish;
2508                 }
2509         }
2510
2511         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2512                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2513                 r = -ENOMEM;
2514                 goto finish;
2515         }
2516
2517         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2518                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2519                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2520                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2521                               "Subscribe"))) {
2522                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2523                 r = -ENOMEM;
2524                 goto finish;
2525         }
2526
2527         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2528                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2529                 r = -EIO;
2530                 goto finish;
2531         }
2532
2533         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2534                 ;
2535
2536         r = 0;
2537
2538 finish:
2539
2540         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2541
2542         if (m)
2543                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2544
2545         if (reply)
2546                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2547
2548         dbus_error_free(&error);
2549
2550         return r;
2551 }
2552
2553 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2554         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2555         DBusError error;
2556         int r;
2557         const char *text;
2558
2559         dbus_error_init(&error);
2560
2561         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2562                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2563                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2564                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2565                               "Dump"))) {
2566                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2567                 return -ENOMEM;
2568         }
2569
2570         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2571                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2572                 r = -EIO;
2573                 goto finish;
2574         }
2575
2576         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2577                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2578                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2579                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2580                 r = -EIO;
2581                 goto finish;
2582         }
2583
2584         fputs(text, stdout);
2585
2586         r = 0;
2587
2588 finish:
2589         if (m)
2590                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2591
2592         if (reply)
2593                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2594
2595         dbus_error_free(&error);
2596
2597         return r;
2598 }
2599
2600 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2601         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2602         DBusError error;
2603         int r;
2604         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2605         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2606         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2607         const char
2608                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2609                 *property = "Id";
2610
2611         dbus_error_init(&error);
2612
2613         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2614                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2615                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2616                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2617                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2618                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2619                 return -ENOMEM;
2620         }
2621
2622         if (n > 1)
2623                 name = args[1];
2624
2625         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2626                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2627                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2628                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2629                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2630                 r = -ENOMEM;
2631                 goto finish;
2632         }
2633
2634         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2635                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2636                 r = -EIO;
2637                 goto finish;
2638         }
2639
2640         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2641                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2642                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2643                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2644                 r = -EIO;
2645                 goto finish;
2646         }
2647
2648         dbus_message_unref(m);
2649         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2650                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2651                               path,
2652                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2653                               "Get"))) {
2654                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2655                 return -ENOMEM;
2656         }
2657
2658         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2659                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2660                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2661                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2662                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2663                 r = -ENOMEM;
2664                 goto finish;
2665         }
2666
2667         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2668         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2669                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2670                 r = -EIO;
2671                 goto finish;
2672         }
2673
2674         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2675             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2676                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2677                 r = -EIO;
2678                 goto finish;
2679         }
2680
2681         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2682
2683         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2684                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2685                 r = -EIO;
2686                 goto finish;
2687         }
2688
2689         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2690
2691         if (!arg_quiet)
2692                 puts(id);
2693         r = 0;
2694
2695 finish:
2696         if (m)
2697                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2698
2699         if (reply)
2700                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2701
2702         dbus_error_free(&error);
2703
2704         return r;
2705 }
2706
2707 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2708         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2709         int r;
2710         DBusError error;
2711         unsigned i;
2712
2713         assert(bus);
2714         assert(args);
2715
2716         dbus_error_init(&error);
2717
2718         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2719                 const char *path = NULL;
2720
2721                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2722                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2723                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2724                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2725                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2726                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2727                         r = -ENOMEM;
2728                         goto finish;
2729                 }
2730
2731                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2732                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2733                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2734                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2735                         r = -ENOMEM;
2736                         goto finish;
2737                 }
2738
2739                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2740                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2741                         r = -EIO;
2742                         goto finish;
2743                 }
2744
2745                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2746                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2747                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2748                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", error.message);
2749                         r = -EIO;
2750                         goto finish;
2751                 }
2752
2753                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2754                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2755                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2756                                       path,
2757                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
2758                                       "Remove"))) {
2759                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2760                         r = -ENOMEM;
2761                         goto finish;
2762                 }
2763
2764                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2765                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2766                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2767                         r = -EIO;
2768                         goto finish;
2769                 }
2770
2771                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2772                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2773                 m = reply = NULL;
2774         }
2775
2776         r = 0;
2777
2778 finish:
2779         if (m)
2780                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2781
2782         if (reply)
2783                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2784
2785         dbus_error_free(&error);
2786
2787         return r;
2788 }
2789
2790 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2791         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2792         DBusError error;
2793         int r;
2794         const char *method;
2795
2796         dbus_error_init(&error);
2797
2798         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
2799                 method = "Reload";
2800         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
2801                 method = "Reexecute";
2802         else {
2803                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
2804
2805                 method =
2806                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")        ||
2807                         streq(args[0], "cancel")            ? "ClearJobs" :
2808                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec")     ? "Reexecute" :
2809                         streq(args[0], "reset-maintenance") ? "ResetMaintenance" :
2810                         streq(args[0], "daemon-exit")       ? "Exit" :
2811                                                               "Reload";
2812         }
2813
2814         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2815                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2816                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2817                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2818                               method))) {
2819                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2820                 return -ENOMEM;
2821         }
2822
2823         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2824
2825                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
2826                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
2827                          * legacy actions. */
2828                         r = 0;
2829                         goto finish;
2830                 }
2831
2832                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2833                 r = -EIO;
2834                 goto finish;
2835         }
2836
2837         r = 1;
2838
2839 finish:
2840         if (m)
2841                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2842
2843         if (reply)
2844                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2845
2846         dbus_error_free(&error);
2847
2848         return r;
2849 }
2850
2851 static int reset_maintenance(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2852         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2853         unsigned i;
2854         int r;
2855         DBusError error;
2856
2857         assert(bus);
2858         dbus_error_init(&error);
2859
2860         if (n <= 1)
2861                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
2862
2863         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2864
2865                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2866                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2867                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2868                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2869                                       "ResetMaintenanceUnit"))) {
2870                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2871                         r = -ENOMEM;
2872                         goto finish;
2873                 }
2874
2875                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2876                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
2877                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2878                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2879                         r = -ENOMEM;
2880                         goto finish;
2881                 }
2882
2883                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2884                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2885                         r = -EIO;
2886                         goto finish;
2887                 }
2888
2889                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2890                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2891                 m = reply = NULL;
2892         }
2893
2894         r = 0;
2895
2896 finish:
2897         if (m)
2898                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2899
2900         if (reply)
2901                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2902
2903         dbus_error_free(&error);
2904
2905         return r;
2906 }
2907
2908 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2909         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2910         DBusError error;
2911         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
2912         int r;
2913         const char
2914                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2915                 *property = "Environment";
2916
2917         dbus_error_init(&error);
2918
2919         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2920                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2921                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2922                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2923                               "Get"))) {
2924                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2925                 return -ENOMEM;
2926         }
2927
2928         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2929                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2930                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2931                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2932                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2933                 r = -ENOMEM;
2934                 goto finish;
2935         }
2936
2937         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2938                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
2939                 r = -EIO;
2940                 goto finish;
2941         }
2942
2943         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2944             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2945                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2946                 r = -EIO;
2947                 goto finish;
2948         }
2949
2950         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2951
2952         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2953             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2954                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2955                 r = -EIO;
2956                 goto finish;
2957         }
2958
2959         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2960
2961         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2962                 const char *text;
2963
2964                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2965                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2966                         r = -EIO;
2967                         goto finish;
2968                 }
2969
2970                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
2971                 printf("%s\n", text);
2972
2973                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
2974         }
2975
2976         r = 0;
2977
2978 finish:
2979         if (m)
2980                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2981
2982         if (reply)
2983                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2984
2985         dbus_error_free(&error);
2986
2987         return r;
2988 }
2989
2990 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2991         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2992         DBusError error;
2993         int r;
2994         const char *method;
2995         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2996         unsigned i;
2997
2998         dbus_error_init(&error);
2999
3000         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3001                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3002                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3003
3004         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3005                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3006                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3007                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3008                               method))) {
3009
3010                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3011                 return -ENOMEM;
3012         }
3013
3014         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3015
3016         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3017                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3018                 r = -ENOMEM;
3019                 goto finish;
3020         }
3021
3022         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3023                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3024                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3025                         r = -ENOMEM;
3026                         goto finish;
3027                 }
3028
3029         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3030                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3031                 r = -ENOMEM;
3032                 goto finish;
3033         }
3034
3035         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3036                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
3037                 r = -EIO;
3038                 goto finish;
3039         }
3040
3041         r = 0;
3042
3043 finish:
3044         if (m)
3045                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3046
3047         if (reply)
3048                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3049
3050         dbus_error_free(&error);
3051
3052         return r;
3053 }
3054
3055 typedef struct {
3056         char *name;
3057         char *path;
3058
3059         char **aliases;
3060         char **wanted_by;
3061 } InstallInfo;
3062
3063 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3064 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3065
3066 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3067         assert(i);
3068
3069         free(i->name);
3070         free(i->path);
3071         strv_free(i->aliases);
3072         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3073         free(i);
3074 }
3075
3076 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3077         InstallInfo *i;
3078
3079         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3080                 install_info_free(i);
3081
3082         hashmap_free(m);
3083 }
3084
3085 static bool unit_name_valid(const char *name) {
3086
3087         /* This is a minimal version of unit_name_valid() from
3088          * unit-name.c */
3089
3090         if (!*name)
3091                 return false;
3092
3093         if (ignore_file(name))
3094                 return false;
3095
3096         return true;
3097 }
3098
3099 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3100         InstallInfo *i;
3101         int r;
3102
3103         assert(will_install);
3104
3105         if (!unit_name_valid(name))
3106                 return -EINVAL;
3107
3108         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3109             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3110                 return 0;
3111
3112         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3113                 r = -ENOMEM;
3114                 goto fail;
3115         }
3116
3117         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3118                 r = -ENOMEM;
3119                 goto fail;
3120         }
3121
3122         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3123                 goto fail;
3124
3125         return 0;
3126
3127 fail:
3128         if (i)
3129                 install_info_free(i);
3130
3131         return r;
3132 }
3133
3134 static int config_parse_also(
3135                 const char *filename,
3136                 unsigned line,
3137                 const char *section,
3138                 const char *lvalue,
3139                 const char *rvalue,
3140                 void *data,
3141                 void *userdata) {
3142
3143         char *w;
3144         size_t l;
3145         char *state;
3146
3147         assert(filename);
3148         assert(lvalue);
3149         assert(rvalue);
3150
3151         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3152                 char *n;
3153                 int r;
3154
3155                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3156                         return -ENOMEM;
3157
3158                 r = install_info_add(n);
3159                 free(n);
3160
3161                 if (r < 0)
3162                         return r;
3163         }
3164
3165         return 0;
3166 }
3167
3168 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3169         char *n;
3170         int r;
3171
3172         assert(p);
3173         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3174
3175         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3176                 return 0;
3177
3178         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3179                 return -ENOMEM;
3180
3181         path_kill_slashes(n);
3182
3183         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3184                 free(n);
3185                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3186         }
3187
3188         return 0;
3189 }
3190
3191 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3192         int r = 0;
3193         DIR *d;
3194         struct dirent *de;
3195
3196         assert(fd >= 0);
3197         assert(root);
3198         assert(deleted);
3199
3200         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3201                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3202                 return -errno;
3203         }
3204
3205         rewinddir(d);
3206
3207         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3208                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3209
3210                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3211                         continue;
3212
3213                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3214                         is_link = true;
3215                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3216                         is_dir = true;
3217                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3218                         struct stat st;
3219
3220                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3221                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3222
3223                                 if (r == 0)
3224                                         r = -errno;
3225                                 continue;
3226                         }
3227
3228                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3229                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3230                 } else
3231                         continue;
3232
3233                 if (is_dir) {
3234                         int nfd, q;
3235                         char *p;
3236
3237                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3238                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3239
3240                                 if (r == 0)
3241                                         r = -errno;
3242                                 continue;
3243                         }
3244
3245                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3246                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3247                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3248                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3249                                 break;
3250                         }
3251
3252                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3253                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3254                         free(p);
3255
3256                         if (r == 0)
3257                                 r = q;
3258
3259                 } else if (is_link) {
3260                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3261                         int q;
3262
3263                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3264                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3265                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3266                                 break;
3267                         }
3268
3269                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3270                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3271                                 free(p);
3272
3273                                 if (r == 0)
3274                                         r = q;
3275                                 continue;
3276                         }
3277
3278                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3279                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3280                                  * is already removed */
3281
3282                                 free(dest);
3283                                 dest = c;
3284                         }
3285
3286                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3287                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3288
3289                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3290                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3291
3292                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3293                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3294
3295                                         if (r == 0)
3296                                                 r = -errno;
3297                                 } else {
3298                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3299                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3300
3301                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3302
3303                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3304                                                         if (r == 0)
3305                                                                 r = q;
3306                                                 } else
3307                                                         *deleted = true;
3308                                         }
3309                                 }
3310                         }
3311
3312                         free(p);
3313                         free(dest);
3314                 }
3315         }
3316
3317         closedir(d);
3318
3319         return r;
3320 }
3321
3322 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3323         int fd, r = 0;
3324         bool deleted;
3325
3326         assert(config_path);
3327
3328         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3329                 return 0;
3330
3331         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3332                 return -errno;
3333
3334         do {
3335                 int q, cfd;
3336                 deleted = false;
3337
3338                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3339                         r = -errno;
3340                         break;
3341                 }
3342
3343                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3344                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3345                         if (r == 0)
3346                                 r = q;
3347                 }
3348         } while (deleted);
3349
3350         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3351
3352         return r;
3353 }
3354
3355 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3356         int r;
3357
3358         assert(old_path);
3359         assert(new_path);
3360         assert(verb);
3361
3362         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3363                 char *dest;
3364
3365                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3366
3367                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3368
3369                         if (!arg_quiet)
3370                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3371
3372                         return 0;
3373                 }
3374
3375                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3376                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3377                         return -errno;
3378                 }
3379
3380                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3381
3382                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3383                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3384                                 return -EEXIST;
3385                         }
3386
3387                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3388                         return r;
3389                 }
3390
3391                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3392                         free(dest);
3393                         return 0;
3394                 }
3395
3396                 if (!arg_force) {
3397                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3398                         free(dest);
3399                         return -EEXIST;
3400                 }
3401
3402                 free(dest);
3403                 unlink(new_path);
3404
3405                 if (!arg_quiet)
3406                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3407
3408                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3409                         return 0;
3410
3411                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3412                 return -errno;
3413
3414         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3415                 char *dest;
3416
3417                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3418                         return r;
3419
3420                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3421                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3422                                 return 0;
3423
3424                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3425                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3426                                 return 0;
3427                         }
3428
3429                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3430                         return r;
3431                 }
3432
3433                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3434                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3435                         free(dest);
3436                         return 0;
3437                 }
3438
3439                 free(dest);
3440
3441                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3442                         return r;
3443
3444                 if (!arg_quiet)
3445                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3446
3447                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3448                         return 0;
3449
3450                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3451                 return -errno;
3452
3453         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3454                 char *dest;
3455
3456                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3457
3458                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3459                                 return 0;
3460
3461                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3462                         return r;
3463                 }
3464
3465                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3466                         free(dest);
3467                         return 1;
3468                 }
3469
3470                 return 0;
3471         }
3472
3473         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3474 }
3475
3476 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3477         char **s;
3478         char *alias_path = NULL;
3479         int r;
3480
3481         assert(verb);
3482         assert(i);
3483         assert(config_path);
3484
3485         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3486
3487                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3488                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3489                         r = -EINVAL;
3490                         goto finish;
3491                 }
3492
3493                 free(alias_path);
3494                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3495                         log_error("Out of memory");
3496                         r = -ENOMEM;
3497                         goto finish;
3498                 }
3499
3500                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3501                         goto finish;
3502
3503                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3504                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3505         }
3506
3507         r = 0;
3508
3509 finish:
3510         free(alias_path);
3511
3512         return r;
3513 }
3514
3515 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3516         char **s;
3517         char *alias_path = NULL;
3518         int r;
3519
3520         assert(verb);
3521         assert(i);
3522         assert(config_path);
3523
3524         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3525                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3526                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3527                         r = -EINVAL;
3528                         goto finish;
3529                 }
3530
3531                 free(alias_path);
3532                 alias_path = NULL;
3533
3534                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3535                         log_error("Out of memory");
3536                         r = -ENOMEM;
3537                         goto finish;
3538                 }
3539
3540                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3541                         goto finish;
3542
3543                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3544                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3545         }
3546
3547         r = 0;
3548
3549 finish:
3550         free(alias_path);
3551
3552         return r;
3553 }
3554
3555 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3556
3557         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3558                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3559                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3560                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3561
3562                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3563         };
3564
3565         char **p;
3566         char *filename = NULL;
3567         FILE *f = NULL;
3568         int r;
3569
3570         assert(paths);
3571         assert(i);
3572
3573         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3574                 int fd;
3575
3576                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3577                         log_error("Out of memory");
3578                         return -ENOMEM;
3579                 }
3580
3581                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3582                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3583                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3584                                 break;
3585
3586                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3587                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3588                         free(filename);
3589                         return -errno;
3590                 }
3591
3592                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3593                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3594                         free(filename);
3595                         return -errno;
3596                 }
3597
3598                 free(filename);
3599                 filename = NULL;
3600         }
3601
3602         if (!f) {
3603                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3604                 return -ENOENT;
3605         }
3606
3607         i->path = filename;
3608
3609         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3610                 fclose(f);
3611                 return r;
3612         }
3613
3614         fclose(f);
3615
3616         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3617                 return r;
3618
3619         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3620                 return r;
3621
3622         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3623                 return r;
3624
3625         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3626                 return r;
3627
3628         return 0;
3629 }
3630
3631 static char *get_config_path(void) {
3632
3633         if (arg_session && arg_global)
3634                 return strdup(SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3635
3636         if (arg_session) {
3637                 char *p;
3638
3639                 if (session_config_home(&p) < 0)
3640                         return NULL;
3641
3642                 return p;
3643         }
3644
3645         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3646 }
3647
3648 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3649         DBusError error;
3650         int r;
3651         LookupPaths paths;
3652         char *config_path = NULL;
3653         unsigned j;
3654         InstallInfo *i;
3655         const char *verb = args[0];
3656
3657         dbus_error_init(&error);
3658
3659         zero(paths);
3660         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_session ? MANAGER_SESSION : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
3661                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
3662                 goto finish;
3663         }
3664
3665         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
3666                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
3667                 r = -ENOMEM;
3668                 goto finish;
3669         }
3670
3671         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3672         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3673
3674         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
3675                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
3676                 r = -ENOMEM;
3677                 goto finish;
3678         }
3679
3680         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
3681                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
3682                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
3683                         r = -ENOMEM;
3684                         goto finish;
3685                 }
3686
3687         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
3688                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0)
3689                         goto finish;
3690
3691         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
3692                 int q;
3693
3694                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
3695
3696                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
3697
3698                         if (q < 0) {
3699                                 if (r == 0)
3700                                         r = q;
3701                                 goto finish;
3702                         }
3703
3704                         /* In test mode and found something */
3705                         r = 1;
3706                         break;
3707                 }
3708         }
3709
3710         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3711                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
3712         else if (bus &&
3713                  /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
3714                  !arg_no_reload &&
3715                  /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
3716                  !arg_global &&
3717                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
3718                  (arg_session || sd_booted() > 0) &&
3719                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
3720                  (arg_session || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
3721                 int q;
3722
3723                 if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
3724                         r = q;
3725         }
3726
3727 finish:
3728         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
3729         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
3730
3731         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
3732
3733         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3734
3735         free(config_path);
3736
3737         return r;
3738 }
3739
3740 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3741
3742         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3743                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
3744                "  -h --help          Show this help\n"
3745                "  -t --type=TYPE     List only units of a particular type\n"
3746                "  -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"
3747                "  -a --all           Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3748                "     --full          Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3749                "     --fail          When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3750                "                     pending\n"
3751                "  -q --quiet         Suppress output\n"
3752                "     --no-block      Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3753                "     --system        Connect to system bus\n"
3754                "     --session       Connect to session bus\n"
3755                "     --order         When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3756                "     --require       When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3757                "     --no-wall       Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3758                "     --global        Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3759                "     --no-reload     When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3760                "                     configuration\n"
3761                "     --force         When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3762                "     --defaults      When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
3763                "Commands:\n"
3764                "  list-units                      List units\n"
3765                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3766                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3767                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3768                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3769                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3770                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3771                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3772                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3773                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3774                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3775                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3776                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3777                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3778                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3779                "  reset-maintenance [NAME...]     Reset maintenance state for all, one,\n"
3780                "                                  or more units\n"
3781                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3782                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3783                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
3784                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
3785                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3786                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
3787                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
3788                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3789                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
3790                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3791                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
3792                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3793                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
3794                "  daemon-exit                     Ask the systemd manager to quit\n"
3795                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3796                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3797                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
3798                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3799                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3800                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3801                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3802                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3803                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n",
3804                program_invocation_short_name);
3805
3806         return 0;
3807 }
3808
3809 static int halt_help(void) {
3810
3811         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3812                "%s the system.\n\n"
3813                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3814                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3815                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
3816                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3817                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3818                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
3819                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
3820                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3821                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3822                program_invocation_short_name,
3823                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
3824                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
3825                                                "Halt");
3826
3827         return 0;
3828 }
3829
3830 static int shutdown_help(void) {
3831
3832         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [now] [WALL...]\n\n"
3833                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
3834                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3835                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3836                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
3837                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3838                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
3839                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
3840                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3841                "  -f             Skip fsck on reboot\n"
3842                "  -F             Force fsck on reboot\n"
3843                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
3844                program_invocation_short_name);
3845
3846         return 0;
3847 }
3848
3849 static int telinit_help(void) {
3850
3851         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
3852                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
3853                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3854                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
3855                "Commands:\n"
3856                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
3857                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
3858                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
3859                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
3860                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
3861                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
3862                program_invocation_short_name);
3863
3864         return 0;
3865 }
3866
3867 static int runlevel_help(void) {
3868
3869         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3870                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
3871                "     --help      Show this help\n",
3872                program_invocation_short_name);
3873
3874         return 0;
3875 }
3876
3877 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
3878
3879         enum {
3880                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
3881                 ARG_SESSION,
3882                 ARG_SYSTEM,
3883                 ARG_GLOBAL,
3884                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
3885                 ARG_NO_WALL,
3886                 ARG_ORDER,
3887                 ARG_REQUIRE,
3888                 ARG_FULL,
3889                 ARG_FORCE,
3890                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
3891                 ARG_DEFAULTS
3892         };
3893
3894         static const struct option options[] = {
3895                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
3896                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
3897                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
3898                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
3899                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
3900                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
3901                 { "session",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SESSION   },
3902                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
3903                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
3904                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
3905                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
3906                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
3907                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
3908                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
3909                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
3910                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
3911                 { "defaults",   no_argument,      NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
3912                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
3913         };
3914
3915         int c;
3916
3917         assert(argc >= 0);
3918         assert(argv);
3919
3920         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aq", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
3921
3922                 switch (c) {
3923
3924                 case 'h':
3925                         systemctl_help();
3926                         return 0;
3927
3928                 case 't':
3929                         arg_type = optarg;
3930                         break;
3931
3932                 case 'p': {
3933                         char **l;
3934
3935                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
3936                                 return -ENOMEM;
3937
3938                         strv_free(arg_property);
3939                         arg_property = l;
3940
3941                         /* If the user asked for a particular
3942                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
3943                          * empty. */
3944                         arg_all = true;
3945                         break;
3946                 }
3947
3948                 case 'a':
3949                         arg_all = true;
3950                         break;
3951
3952                 case ARG_FAIL:
3953                         arg_fail = true;
3954                         break;
3955
3956                 case ARG_SESSION:
3957                         arg_session = true;
3958                         break;
3959
3960                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
3961                         arg_session = false;
3962                         break;
3963
3964                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
3965                         arg_no_block = true;
3966                         break;
3967
3968                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
3969                         arg_no_wall = true;
3970                         break;
3971
3972                 case ARG_ORDER:
3973                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
3974                         break;
3975
3976                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
3977                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
3978                         break;
3979
3980                 case ARG_FULL:
3981                         arg_full = true;
3982                         break;
3983
3984                 case 'q':
3985                         arg_quiet = true;
3986                         break;
3987
3988                 case ARG_FORCE:
3989                         arg_force = true;
3990                         break;
3991
3992                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
3993                         arg_no_reload = true;
3994                         break;
3995
3996                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
3997                         arg_global = true;
3998                         arg_session = true;
3999                         break;
4000
4001                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4002                         arg_defaults = true;
4003                         break;
4004
4005                 case '?':
4006                         return -EINVAL;
4007
4008                 default:
4009                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4010                         return -EINVAL;
4011                 }
4012         }
4013
4014         return 1;
4015 }
4016
4017 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4018
4019         enum {
4020                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4021                 ARG_HALT,
4022                 ARG_REBOOT,
4023                 ARG_NO_WALL
4024         };
4025
4026         static const struct option options[] = {
4027                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4028                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4029                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4030                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4031                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4032                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4033                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4034                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4035                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4036                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4037         };
4038
4039         int c, runlevel;
4040
4041         assert(argc >= 0);
4042         assert(argv);
4043
4044         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4045                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4046                         arg_immediate = true;
4047
4048         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4049                 switch (c) {
4050
4051                 case ARG_HELP:
4052                         halt_help();
4053                         return 0;
4054
4055                 case ARG_HALT:
4056                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4057                         break;
4058
4059                 case 'p':
4060                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4061                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4062                         break;
4063
4064                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4065                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4066                         break;
4067
4068                 case 'f':
4069                         arg_immediate = true;
4070                         break;
4071
4072                 case 'w':
4073                         arg_dry = true;
4074                         break;
4075
4076                 case 'd':
4077                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4078                         break;
4079
4080                 case 'n':
4081                         arg_no_sync = true;
4082                         break;
4083
4084                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4085                         arg_no_wall = true;
4086                         break;
4087
4088                 case 'i':
4089                 case 'h':
4090                         /* Compatibility nops */
4091                         break;
4092
4093                 case '?':
4094                         return -EINVAL;
4095
4096                 default:
4097                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4098                         return -EINVAL;
4099                 }
4100         }
4101
4102         if (optind < argc) {
4103                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4104                 return -EINVAL;
4105         }
4106
4107         return 1;
4108 }
4109
4110 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4111         assert(t);
4112         assert(_u);
4113
4114         if (streq(t, "now"))
4115                 *_u = 0;
4116         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4117                 uint64_t u;
4118
4119                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4120                         return -EINVAL;
4121
4122                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4123         } else {
4124                 char *e = NULL;
4125                 long hour, minute;
4126                 struct tm tm;
4127                 time_t s;
4128                 usec_t n;
4129
4130                 errno = 0;
4131                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4132                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4133                         return -EINVAL;
4134
4135                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4136                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4137                         return -EINVAL;
4138
4139                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4140                 s = (time_t) n / USEC_PER_SEC;
4141                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4142
4143                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4144                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4145
4146                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4147
4148                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4149
4150                 while (*_u <= n)
4151                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4152         }
4153
4154         return 0;
4155 }
4156
4157 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4158
4159         enum {
4160                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4161                 ARG_NO_WALL
4162         };
4163
4164         static const struct option options[] = {
4165                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4166                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4167                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4168                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4169                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4170                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4171         };
4172
4173         int c, r;
4174
4175         assert(argc >= 0);
4176         assert(argv);
4177
4178         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4179                 switch (c) {
4180
4181                 case ARG_HELP:
4182                         shutdown_help();
4183                         return 0;
4184
4185                 case 'H':
4186                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4187                         break;
4188
4189                 case 'P':
4190                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4191                         break;
4192
4193                 case 'r':
4194                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4195                         break;
4196
4197                 case 'h':
4198                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4199                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4200                         break;
4201
4202                 case 'k':
4203                         arg_dry = true;
4204                         break;
4205
4206                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4207                         arg_no_wall = true;
4208                         break;
4209
4210                 case 't':
4211                 case 'a':
4212                         /* Compatibility nops */
4213                         break;
4214
4215                 case 'f':
4216                         arg_skip_fsck = true;
4217                         break;
4218
4219                 case 'F':
4220                         arg_force_fsck = true;
4221                         break;
4222
4223                 case 'c':
4224                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4225                         break;
4226
4227                 case '?':
4228                         return -EINVAL;
4229
4230                 default:
4231                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4232                         return -EINVAL;
4233                 }
4234         }
4235
4236         if (argc > optind) {
4237                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4238                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4239                         return r;
4240                 }
4241         } else
4242                 arg_when = USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4243
4244         /* We skip the time argument */
4245         if (argc > optind + 1)
4246                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4247
4248         optind = argc;
4249
4250         return 1;
4251 }
4252
4253 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4254
4255         enum {
4256                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4257                 ARG_NO_WALL
4258         };
4259
4260         static const struct option options[] = {
4261                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4262                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4263                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4264         };
4265
4266         static const struct {
4267                 char from;
4268                 enum action to;
4269         } table[] = {
4270                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4271                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4272                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4273                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4274                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4275                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4276                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4277                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4278                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4279                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4280                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4281                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4282                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4283         };
4284
4285         unsigned i;
4286         int c;
4287
4288         assert(argc >= 0);
4289         assert(argv);
4290
4291         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4292                 switch (c) {
4293
4294                 case ARG_HELP:
4295                         telinit_help();
4296                         return 0;
4297
4298                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4299                         arg_no_wall = true;
4300                         break;
4301
4302                 case '?':
4303                         return -EINVAL;
4304
4305                 default:
4306                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4307                         return -EINVAL;
4308                 }
4309         }
4310
4311         if (optind >= argc) {
4312                 telinit_help();
4313                 return -EINVAL;
4314         }
4315
4316         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4317                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4318                 return -EINVAL;
4319         }
4320
4321         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4322                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4323                 return -EINVAL;
4324         }
4325
4326         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4327                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4328                         break;
4329
4330         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4331                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4332                 return -EINVAL;
4333         }
4334
4335         arg_action = table[i].to;
4336
4337         optind ++;
4338
4339         return 1;
4340 }
4341
4342 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4343
4344         enum {
4345                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4346         };
4347
4348         static const struct option options[] = {
4349                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4350                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4351         };
4352
4353         int c;
4354
4355         assert(argc >= 0);
4356         assert(argv);
4357
4358         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4359                 switch (c) {
4360
4361                 case ARG_HELP:
4362                         runlevel_help();
4363                         return 0;
4364
4365                 case '?':
4366                         return -EINVAL;
4367
4368                 default:
4369                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4370                         return -EINVAL;
4371                 }
4372         }
4373
4374         if (optind < argc) {
4375                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4376                 return -EINVAL;
4377         }
4378
4379         return 1;
4380 }
4381
4382 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4383         assert(argc >= 0);
4384         assert(argv);
4385
4386         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4387
4388                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4389                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4390                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4391                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4392                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4393                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4394                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4395                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4396                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4397                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4398                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4399                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4400                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4401
4402                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4403                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4404                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4405                         } else {
4406                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4407                                  * running, we need to forward this
4408                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4409                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4410
4411                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4412
4413                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4414                                 return -EIO;
4415                         }
4416
4417                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4418                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4419                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4420                 }
4421         }
4422
4423         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4424         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4425 }
4426
4427 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4428
4429         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4430                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4431                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4432                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4433                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4434                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4435                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4436                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4437                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4438         };
4439
4440         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4441
4442         return table[arg_action];
4443 }
4444
4445 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4446         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4447         DBusError error;
4448         int previous, rl, r;
4449         char
4450                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4451                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4452         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4453         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4454         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4455         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4456         DBusConnection *bus;
4457
4458         dbus_error_init(&error);
4459
4460         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4461                 return 0;
4462
4463         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4464                 previous = 'N';
4465
4466         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4467                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4468                         r = 0;
4469                         goto finish;
4470                 }
4471
4472                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", error.message);
4473                 r = -EIO;
4474                 goto finish;
4475         }
4476
4477         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4478                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4479                 goto finish;
4480         }
4481
4482         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4483                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4484                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4485                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4486                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4487
4488                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4489                 r = -ENOMEM;
4490                 goto finish;
4491         }
4492
4493         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4494
4495         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4496         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4497
4498         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4499             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4500             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4501             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4502             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4503             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4504                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4505                 r = -ENOMEM;
4506                 goto finish;
4507         }
4508
4509         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4510
4511                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4512                         r = 0;
4513                         goto finish;
4514                 }
4515
4516                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", error.message);
4517                 r = -EIO;
4518                 goto finish;
4519         }
4520
4521         r = 1;
4522
4523 finish:
4524         if (m)
4525                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4526
4527         if (reply)
4528                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4529
4530         if (bus) {
4531                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4532                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4533         }
4534
4535         dbus_error_free(&error);
4536
4537         return r;
4538 }
4539
4540 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4541         struct init_request request;
4542         int r, fd;
4543         char rl;
4544
4545         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4546                 return 0;
4547
4548         zero(request);
4549         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4550         request.sleeptime = 0;
4551         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4552         request.runlevel = rl;
4553
4554         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4555
4556                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4557                         return 0;
4558
4559                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4560                 return -errno;
4561         }
4562
4563         errno = 0;
4564         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4565         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4566
4567         if (r < 0) {
4568                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4569                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4570         }
4571
4572         return 1;
4573 }
4574
4575 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4576
4577         static const struct {
4578                 const char* verb;
4579                 const enum {
4580                         MORE,
4581                         LESS,
4582                         EQUAL
4583                 } argc_cmp;
4584                 const int argc;
4585                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
4586         } verbs[] = {
4587                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4588                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4589                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4590                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4591                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4592                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4593                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4594                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4595                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4596                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4597                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4598                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4599                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4600                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4601                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4602                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4603                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4604                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4605                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4606                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
4607                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4608                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4609                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4610                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4611                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4612                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4613                 { "daemon-exit",           EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4614                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4615                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4616                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4617                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4618                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4619                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4620                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4621                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4622                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4623                 { "reset-maintenance",     MORE,  1, reset_maintenance },
4624                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4625                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4626                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4627         };
4628
4629         int left;
4630         unsigned i;
4631
4632         assert(argc >= 0);
4633         assert(argv);
4634         assert(error);
4635
4636         left = argc - optind;
4637
4638         if (left <= 0)
4639                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4640                 i = 0;
4641         else {
4642                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4643                         systemctl_help();
4644                         return 0;
4645                 }
4646
4647                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4648                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4649                                 break;
4650
4651                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4652                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4653                         return -EINVAL;
4654                 }
4655         }
4656
4657         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4658
4659         case EQUAL:
4660                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4661                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4662                         return -EINVAL;
4663                 }
4664
4665                 break;
4666
4667         case MORE:
4668                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4669                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4670                         return -EINVAL;
4671                 }
4672
4673                 break;
4674
4675         case LESS:
4676                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4677                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4678                         return -EINVAL;
4679                 }
4680
4681                 break;
4682
4683         default:
4684                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4685         }
4686
4687         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4688          * enable/disable */
4689         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4690             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4691             !bus) {
4692                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
4693                 return -EIO;
4694         }
4695
4696         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
4697 }
4698
4699 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
4700         int fd = -1;
4701         struct msghdr msghdr;
4702         struct iovec iovec;
4703         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
4704         struct ucred *ucred;
4705         union {
4706                 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
4707                 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
4708         } control;
4709         struct shutdownd_command c;
4710
4711         zero(c);
4712         c.elapse = t;
4713         c.mode = mode;
4714         c.warn_wall = warn;
4715
4716         if (message)
4717                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
4718
4719         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
4720                 return -errno;
4721
4722         zero(sockaddr);
4723         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
4724         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
4725         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
4726
4727         zero(iovec);
4728         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
4729         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
4730
4731         zero(control);
4732         control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
4733         control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type = SCM_CREDENTIALS;
4734         control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred));
4735
4736         ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
4737         ucred->pid = getpid();
4738         ucred->uid = getuid();
4739         ucred->gid = getgid();
4740
4741         zero(msghdr);
4742         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
4743         msghdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(sa_family_t) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
4744
4745         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
4746         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
4747         msghdr.msg_control = &control;
4748         msghdr.msg_controllen = control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len;
4749
4750         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
4751                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4752                 return -errno;
4753         }
4754
4755         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4756         return 0;
4757 }
4758
4759 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4760
4761         if (bus) {
4762                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4763                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4764                         return 0;
4765         }
4766
4767         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
4768         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
4769
4770         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
4771                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
4772                 return -errno;
4773         }
4774
4775         return 0;
4776 }
4777
4778 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4779
4780         if (bus) {
4781                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4782                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4783                         goto done;
4784         }
4785
4786         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
4787          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
4788         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
4789                 goto done;
4790
4791         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
4792          * /dev/initctl */
4793         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
4794                 goto done;
4795
4796         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
4797         return -EIO;
4798
4799 done:
4800         warn_wall(arg_action);
4801         return 0;
4802 }
4803
4804 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
4805         int r;
4806
4807         if (geteuid() != 0) {
4808                 log_error("Must to be root.");
4809                 return -EPERM;
4810         }
4811
4812         if (arg_force_fsck) {
4813                 if ((r = touch("/forcefsck")) < 0)
4814                         log_warning("Failed to create /forcefsck: %s", strerror(-r));
4815         } else if (arg_skip_fsck) {
4816                 if ((r = touch("/fastboot")) < 0)
4817                         log_warning("Failed to create /fastboot: %s", strerror(-r));
4818         }
4819
4820         if (arg_when > 0) {
4821                 char *m;
4822
4823                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
4824                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
4825                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
4826                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
4827                                                                    'r',
4828                                    !arg_no_wall,
4829                                    m);
4830                 free(m);
4831
4832                 if (r < 0)
4833                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
4834                 else
4835                         return 0;
4836         }
4837
4838         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
4839                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
4840
4841         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
4842                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
4843                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
4844                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
4845                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
4846         }
4847
4848         if (!arg_no_sync)
4849                 sync();
4850
4851         if (arg_dry)
4852                 return 0;
4853
4854         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
4855          * point on... */
4856         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
4857
4858         switch (arg_action) {
4859
4860         case ACTION_HALT:
4861                 log_info("Halting.");
4862                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
4863                 break;
4864
4865         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
4866                 log_info("Powering off.");
4867                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
4868                 break;
4869
4870         case ACTION_REBOOT:
4871                 log_info("Rebooting.");
4872                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
4873                 break;
4874
4875         default:
4876                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
4877         }
4878
4879         /* We should never reach this. */
4880         return -ENOSYS;
4881 }
4882
4883 static int runlevel_main(void) {
4884         int r, runlevel, previous;
4885
4886         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
4887                 printf("unknown\n");
4888                 return r;
4889         }
4890
4891         printf("%c %c\n",
4892                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
4893                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
4894
4895         return 0;
4896 }
4897
4898 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
4899         int r, retval = 1;
4900         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
4901         DBusError error;
4902
4903         dbus_error_init(&error);
4904
4905         log_parse_environment();
4906         log_open();
4907
4908         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
4909                 goto finish;
4910         else if (r == 0) {
4911                 retval = 0;
4912                 goto finish;
4913         }
4914
4915         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
4916          * let's shortcut this */
4917         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
4918                 retval = runlevel_main() < 0;
4919                 goto finish;
4920         }
4921
4922         bus_connect(arg_session ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
4923
4924         switch (arg_action) {
4925
4926         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL: {
4927                 retval = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error) < 0;
4928                 break;
4929         }
4930
4931         case ACTION_HALT:
4932         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
4933         case ACTION_REBOOT:
4934                 retval = halt_main(bus) < 0;
4935                 break;
4936
4937         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
4938         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
4939         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
4940         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
4941         case ACTION_RESCUE:
4942         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
4943         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
4944                 retval = start_with_fallback(bus) < 0;
4945                 break;
4946
4947         case ACTION_RELOAD:
4948         case ACTION_REEXEC:
4949                 retval = reload_with_fallback(bus) < 0;
4950                 break;
4951
4952         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
4953                 retval = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL) < 0;
4954                 break;
4955
4956         case ACTION_INVALID:
4957         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
4958         default:
4959                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
4960         }
4961
4962 finish:
4963
4964         if (bus) {
4965                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4966                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4967         }
4968
4969         dbus_error_free(&error);
4970
4971         dbus_shutdown();
4972
4973         strv_free(arg_property);
4974
4975         return retval;
4976 }