src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36
  37 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  38
  39 #include "log.h"
  40 #include "util.h"
  41 #include "macro.h"
  42 #include "set.h"
  43 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  44 #include "special.h"
  45 #include "initreq.h"
  46 #include "strv.h"
  47 #include "dbus-common.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  49 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  50 #include "list.h"
  51 #include "path-lookup.h"
  52 #include "conf-parser.h"
  53 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  54 #include "shutdownd.h"
  55 #include "exit-status.h"
  56 #include "bus-errors.h"
  57 #include "build.h"
  58 #include "unit-name.h"
  59
  60 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  61 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  62 static bool arg_all = false;
  63 static bool arg_fail = false;
  64 static bool arg_user = false;
  65 static bool arg_global = false;
  66 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  71 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  72 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  73 static bool arg_dry = false;
  74 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  75 static bool arg_full = false;
  76 static bool arg_force = false;
  77 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  78 static bool arg_ask_password = false;
  79 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  80 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  81 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  82 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  83 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  84 static enum action {
  85         ACTION_INVALID,
  86         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  87         ACTION_HALT,
  88         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  89         ACTION_REBOOT,
  90         ACTION_KEXEC,
  91         ACTION_EXIT,
  92         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  93         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  94         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  95         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  96         ACTION_RESCUE,
  97         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  98         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  99         ACTION_RELOAD,
 100         ACTION_REEXEC,
 101         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 102         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 103         _ACTION_MAX
 104 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 105 static enum dot {
 106         DOT_ALL,
 107         DOT_ORDER,
 108         DOT_REQUIRE
 109 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 110
 111 static bool private_bus = false;
 112
 113 static pid_t pager_pid = 0;
 114
 115 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 116 static void pager_open(void);
 117
 118 static bool on_tty(void) {
 119         static int t = -1;
 120
 121         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 122          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 123          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 124          * are. But this is intended, since we want color, and so on
 125          * when run in our own pager. */
 126
 127         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 128                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 129
 130         return t;
 131 }
 132
 133 static void spawn_ask_password_agent(void) {
 134         pid_t parent, child;
 135
 136         /* We check STDIN here, not STDOUT, since this is about input,
 137          * not output */
 138         if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
 139                 return;
 140
 141         if (!arg_ask_password)
 142                 return;
 143
 144         parent = getpid();
 145
 146         /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
 147          * we go away */
 148
 149         if ((child = fork()) < 0)
 150                 return;
 151
 152         if (child == 0) {
 153                 /* In the child */
 154
 155                 const char * const args[] = {
 156                         SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH,
 157                         "--watch",
 158                         NULL
 159                 };
 160
 161                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
 162                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 163
 164                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
 165                  * to set the death signal */
 166                 if (getppid() != parent)
 167                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 168
 169                 execv(args[0], (char **) args);
 170                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 171         }
 172 }
 173
 174 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 175
 176         if (!on_tty())
 177                 return "";
 178
 179         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 180 }
 181
 182 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 183
 184         if (!on_tty())
 185                 return "";
 186
 187         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 188 }
 189
 190 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 191         assert(error);
 192
 193         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 194                 return false;
 195
 196         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 197                 return true;
 198
 199         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 200                 return true;
 201
 202         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 203 }
 204
 205 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 206         assert(error);
 207
 208         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 209                 return r;
 210
 211         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 212             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 213             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 214             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 215                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 216
 217         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 218                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 219
 220         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 221             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 222                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 223
 224         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 225                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 226
 227         if (r != 0)
 228                 return r;
 229
 230         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 234
 235         assert(iter);
 236         assert(data);
 237
 238         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 239                 return -EIO;
 240
 241         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 242
 243         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 244                 return -EIO;
 245
 246         return 0;
 247 }
 248
 249 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 250         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 251                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 252                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 253                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 254                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 255                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 256                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 257         };
 258
 259         if (arg_no_wall)
 260                 return;
 261
 262         if (arg_wall) {
 263                 char *p;
 264
 265                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 266                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 267                         return;
 268                 }
 269
 270                 if (*p) {
 271                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 272                         free(p);
 273                         return;
 274                 }
 275
 276                 free(p);
 277         }
 278
 279         if (!table[action])
 280                 return;
 281
 282         utmp_wall(table[action], NULL);
 283 }
 284
 285 struct unit_info {
 286         const char *id;
 287         const char *description;
 288         const char *load_state;
 289         const char *active_state;
 290         const char *sub_state;
 291         const char *following;
 292         const char *unit_path;
 293         uint32_t job_id;
 294         const char *job_type;
 295         const char *job_path;
 296 };
 297
 298 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 299         const char *d1, *d2;
 300         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 301
 302         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 303         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 304
 305         if (d1 && d2) {
 306                 int r;
 307
 308                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 309                         return r;
 310         }
 311
 312         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 313 }
 314
 315 static bool output_show_job(const struct unit_info *u) {
 316         const char *dot;
 317
 318         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 319                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 320                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 321 }
 322
 323 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 324         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len, n_shown = 0;
 325         const struct unit_info *u;
 326
 327         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 328         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 329         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 330
 331         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 332                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 333                         continue;
 334
 335                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 336                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 337                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 338                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 339         }
 340
 341         if (on_tty()) {
 342                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 343                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 344                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 345                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 346                 else
 347                         printf("\n");
 348         }
 349
 350         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 351                 char *e;
 352                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 353                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 354                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 355
 356                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 357                         continue;
 358
 359                 n_shown++;
 360
 361                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 362                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 363                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 364                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 365                 } else
 366                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 367
 368                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 369                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 370                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 371                 } else
 372                         on_active = off_active = "";
 373
 374                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 375
 376                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 377                        e ? e : u->id,
 378                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 379                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 380                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 381                        &a);
 382
 383                 free(e);
 384
 385                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 386                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 387
 388                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 389                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 390                 else
 391                         b = 1 + job_len;
 392
 393                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 394                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 395                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 396
 397                         if (arg_full)
 398                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 399                         else
 400                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 401                 }
 402
 403                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 404         }
 405
 406         if (on_tty()) {
 407                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 408                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 409                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 410                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 411
 412                 if (arg_all)
 413                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 414                 else
 415                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 416         }
 417 }
 418
 419 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 420         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 421         DBusError error;
 422         int r;
 423         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 424         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 425         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 426
 427         dbus_error_init(&error);
 428
 429         assert(bus);
 430
 431         pager_open();
 432
 433         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 434                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 435                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 436                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 437                               "ListUnits"))) {
 438                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 439                 return -ENOMEM;
 440         }
 441
 442         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 443                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 444                 r = -EIO;
 445                 goto finish;
 446         }
 447
 448         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 449             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 450             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 451                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 452                 r = -EIO;
 453                 goto finish;
 454         }
 455
 456         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 457
 458         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 459                 struct unit_info *u;
 460
 461                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 462                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 463                         r = -EIO;
 464                         goto finish;
 465                 }
 466
 467                 if (c >= n_units) {
 468                         struct unit_info *w;
 469
 470                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 471                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 472
 473                         if (!w) {
 474                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 475                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 476                                 goto finish;
 477                         }
 478
 479                         unit_infos = w;
 480                 }
 481
 482                 u = unit_infos+c;
 483
 484                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 485
 486                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 487                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 488                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 489                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 490                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 491                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 492                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 493                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 494                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 495                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 496                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 497                         r = -EIO;
 498                         goto finish;
 499                 }
 500
 501                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 502                 c++;
 503         }
 504
 505         qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 506         output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 507
 508         r = 0;
 509
 510 finish:
 511         if (m)
 512                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 513
 514         if (reply)
 515                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 516
 517         free(unit_infos);
 518
 519         dbus_error_free(&error);
 520
 521         return r;
 522 }
 523
 524 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 525         static const char * const colors[] = {
 526                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 527                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 528                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 529                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 530                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 531                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 532                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 533                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 534         };
 535
 536         const char *c = NULL;
 537         unsigned i;
 538
 539         assert(name);
 540         assert(prop);
 541         assert(iter);
 542
 543         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 544                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 545                         c = colors[i+1];
 546                         break;
 547                 }
 548
 549         if (!c)
 550                 return 0;
 551
 552         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 553                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 554                         return 0;
 555
 556         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 557
 558         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 559
 560                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 561                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 562
 563                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 564
 565                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 566                                 const char *s;
 567
 568                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 569                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 570                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 571
 572                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 573                         }
 574
 575                         return 0;
 576                 }
 577         }
 578
 579         return 0;
 580 }
 581
 582 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 583         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 584         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 585         int r;
 586         DBusError error;
 587         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 588
 589         assert(bus);
 590         assert(path);
 591
 592         dbus_error_init(&error);
 593
 594         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 595                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 596                               path,
 597                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 598                               "GetAll"))) {
 599                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 600                 r = -ENOMEM;
 601                 goto finish;
 602         }
 603
 604         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 605                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 606                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 607                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 608                 r = -ENOMEM;
 609                 goto finish;
 610         }
 611
 612         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 613                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 614                 r = -EIO;
 615                 goto finish;
 616         }
 617
 618         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 619             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 620             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 621                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 622                 r = -EIO;
 623                 goto finish;
 624         }
 625
 626         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 627
 628         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 629                 const char *prop;
 630
 631                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 632                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 633                         r = -EIO;
 634                         goto finish;
 635                 }
 636
 637                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 638
 639                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 640                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 641                         r = -EIO;
 642                         goto finish;
 643                 }
 644
 645                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 646                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 647                         r = -EIO;
 648                         goto finish;
 649                 }
 650
 651                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 652
 653                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 654                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 655                         r = -EIO;
 656                         goto finish;
 657                 }
 658
 659                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 660         }
 661
 662         r = 0;
 663
 664 finish:
 665         if (m)
 666                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 667
 668         if (reply)
 669                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 670
 671         dbus_error_free(&error);
 672
 673         return r;
 674 }
 675
 676 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 677         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 678         DBusError error;
 679         int r;
 680         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 681
 682         dbus_error_init(&error);
 683
 684         assert(bus);
 685
 686         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 687                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 688                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 689                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 690                               "ListUnits"))) {
 691                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 692                 return -ENOMEM;
 693         }
 694
 695         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 696                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 697                 r = -EIO;
 698                 goto finish;
 699         }
 700
 701         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 702             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 703             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 704                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 705                 r = -EIO;
 706                 goto finish;
 707         }
 708
 709         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 710
 711         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 712         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 713                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 714
 715                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 716                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 717                         r = -EIO;
 718                         goto finish;
 719                 }
 720
 721                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 722
 723                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 724                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 725                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 726                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 727                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 728                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 729                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 730                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 731                         r = -EIO;
 732                         goto finish;
 733                 }
 734
 735                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 736                         goto finish;
 737
 738                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 739                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 740         }
 741
 742         printf("}\n");
 743
 744         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 745                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 746                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 747                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 748                  "                 green     = After\n");
 749
 750         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 751                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 752                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 753
 754         r = 0;
 755
 756 finish:
 757         if (m)
 758                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 759
 760         if (reply)
 761                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 762
 763         dbus_error_free(&error);
 764
 765         return r;
 766 }
 767
 768 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 769         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 770         DBusError error;
 771         int r;
 772         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 773         unsigned k = 0;
 774
 775         dbus_error_init(&error);
 776
 777         assert(bus);
 778
 779         pager_open();
 780
 781         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 782                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 783                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 784                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 785                               "ListJobs"))) {
 786                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 787                 return -ENOMEM;
 788         }
 789
 790         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 791                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 792                 r = -EIO;
 793                 goto finish;
 794         }
 795
 796         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 797             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 798             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 799                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 800                 r = -EIO;
 801                 goto finish;
 802         }
 803
 804         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 805
 806         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 807                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 808
 809         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 810                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 811                 uint32_t id;
 812                 char *e;
 813
 814                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 815                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 816                         r = -EIO;
 817                         goto finish;
 818                 }
 819
 820                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 821
 822                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 823                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 824                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 825                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 826                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 827                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 828                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 829                         r = -EIO;
 830                         goto finish;
 831                 }
 832
 833                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 834                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 835                 free(e);
 836
 837                 k++;
 838
 839                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 840         }
 841
 842         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 843                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 844
 845         r = 0;
 846
 847 finish:
 848         if (m)
 849                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 850
 851         if (reply)
 852                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 853
 854         dbus_error_free(&error);
 855
 856         return r;
 857 }
 858
 859 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 860         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 861         DBusError error;
 862         int r;
 863         unsigned i;
 864
 865         dbus_error_init(&error);
 866
 867         assert(bus);
 868         assert(args);
 869
 870         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 871
 872                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 873                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 874                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 875                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 876                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 877                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 878                         r = -ENOMEM;
 879                         goto finish;
 880                 }
 881
 882                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 883                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 884                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 885                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 886                         r = -ENOMEM;
 887                         goto finish;
 888                 }
 889
 890                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 891                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 892                         r = -EIO;
 893                         goto finish;
 894                 }
 895
 896                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 897                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 898
 899                 m = reply = NULL;
 900         }
 901
 902         r = 0;
 903
 904 finish:
 905         if (m)
 906                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 907
 908         if (reply)
 909                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 910
 911         dbus_error_free(&error);
 912
 913         return r;
 914 }
 915
 916 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 917         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 918         DBusError error;
 919         int r;
 920         unsigned i;
 921
 922         dbus_error_init(&error);
 923
 924         assert(bus);
 925         assert(args);
 926
 927         if (n <= 1)
 928                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 929
 930         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 931                 unsigned id;
 932                 const char *path;
 933
 934                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 935                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 936                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 937                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 938                                       "GetJob"))) {
 939                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 940                         r = -ENOMEM;
 941                         goto finish;
 942                 }
 943
 944                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 945                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 946                         goto finish;
 947                 }
 948
 949                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 950                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 951                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 952                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 953                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 954                         r = -ENOMEM;
 955                         goto finish;
 956                 }
 957
 958                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 959                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 960                         r = -EIO;
 961                         goto finish;
 962                 }
 963
 964                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 965                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 966                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 967                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 968                         r = -EIO;
 969                         goto finish;
 970                 }
 971
 972                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 973                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 974                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 975                                       path,
 976                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 977                                       "Cancel"))) {
 978                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 979                         r = -ENOMEM;
 980                         goto finish;
 981                 }
 982
 983                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 984                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 985                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 986                         r = -EIO;
 987                         goto finish;
 988                 }
 989
 990                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 991                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 992                 m = reply = NULL;
 993         }
 994
 995         r = 0;
 996
 997 finish:
 998         if (m)
 999                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1000
1001         if (reply)
1002                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1003
1004         dbus_error_free(&error);
1005
1006         return r;
1007 }
1008
1009 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1010         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1011         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1012         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1013         const char
1014                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1015                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1016                 *path;
1017
1018         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1019
1020         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1021                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1022                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1023                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1024                               "GetUnit")))
1025                 goto finish;
1026
1027         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1028                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1029                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1030                 goto finish;
1031
1032         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1033                 goto finish;
1034
1035         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1036                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1037                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1038                 goto finish;
1039
1040         dbus_message_unref(m);
1041         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1042                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1043                               path,
1044                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1045                               "Get")))
1046                 goto finish;
1047
1048         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1049                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1050                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1051                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1052                 goto finish;
1053         }
1054
1055         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1056         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1057                 goto finish;
1058
1059         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1060             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1061                 goto finish;
1062
1063         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1064
1065         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1066                 goto finish;
1067
1068         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1069
1070 finish:
1071         if (m)
1072                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1073
1074         if (reply)
1075                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1076
1077         return b;
1078 }
1079
1080 typedef struct WaitData {
1081         Set *set;
1082         bool failed;
1083 } WaitData;
1084
1085 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1086         DBusError error;
1087         WaitData *d = data;
1088
1089         assert(connection);
1090         assert(message);
1091         assert(d);
1092
1093         dbus_error_init(&error);
1094
1095         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1096                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1097                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1098                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1099
1100         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1101                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1102                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1103
1104         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1105                 uint32_t id;
1106                 const char *path;
1107                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1108
1109                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1110                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1111                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1112                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1113                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1114                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1115                 else {
1116                         char *p;
1117
1118                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1119                                 free(p);
1120
1121                         if (!success)
1122                                 d->failed = true;
1123                 }
1124         }
1125
1126         dbus_error_free(&error);
1127         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1128 }
1129
1130 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1131         DBusError error;
1132
1133         assert(bus);
1134
1135         if (private_bus)
1136                 return 0;
1137
1138         dbus_error_init(&error);
1139         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1140                            "type='signal',"
1141                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1142                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1143                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1144                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1145                            &error);
1146
1147         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1148                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1149                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1150                 return -EIO;
1151         }
1152
1153         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1154         return 0;
1155 }
1156
1157 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1158         int r;
1159         WaitData d;
1160
1161         assert(bus);
1162         assert(s);
1163
1164         zero(d);
1165         d.set = s;
1166         d.failed = false;
1167
1168         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1169                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1170                 r = -ENOMEM;
1171                 goto finish;
1172         }
1173
1174         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1175                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1176                 ;
1177
1178         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
1179                 log_error("Job failed. See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1180
1181         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
1182
1183 finish:
1184         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1185
1186         return r;
1187 }
1188
1189 static int start_unit_one(
1190                 DBusConnection *bus,
1191                 const char *method,
1192                 const char *name,
1193                 const char *mode,
1194                 DBusError *error,
1195                 Set *s) {
1196
1197         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1198         const char *path;
1199         int r;
1200
1201         assert(bus);
1202         assert(method);
1203         assert(name);
1204         assert(mode);
1205         assert(error);
1206         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1207
1208         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1209                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1210                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1211                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1212                               method))) {
1213                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1214                 r = -ENOMEM;
1215                 goto finish;
1216         }
1217
1218         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1219                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1220                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1221                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1222                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1223                 r = -ENOMEM;
1224                 goto finish;
1225         }
1226
1227         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1228
1229                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1230                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1231                          * legacy actions. */
1232                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1233                         goto finish;
1234                 }
1235
1236                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1237                 r = -EIO;
1238                 goto finish;
1239         }
1240
1241         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1242                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1243                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1244                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1245                 r = -EIO;
1246                 goto finish;
1247         }
1248
1249         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1250                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1251                             arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
1252
1253         if (!arg_no_block) {
1254                 char *p;
1255
1256                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1257                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1258                         r = -ENOMEM;
1259                         goto finish;
1260                 }
1261
1262                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1263                         free(p);
1264                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1265                         goto finish;
1266                 }
1267         }
1268
1269         r = 0;
1270
1271 finish:
1272         if (m)
1273                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1274
1275         if (reply)
1276                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1277
1278         return r;
1279 }
1280
1281 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1282         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1283                 return ACTION_HALT;
1284         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1285                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1286         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1287                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1288         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1289                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1290         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1291                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1292         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1293                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1294         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1295                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1296         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1297                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1298         else
1299                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1300 }
1301
1302 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1303
1304         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1305                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1306                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1307                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1308                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1309                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1310                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1311                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1312                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1313                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1314                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1315                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1316                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET
1317         };
1318
1319         int r, ret = 0;
1320         unsigned i;
1321         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1322         Set *s = NULL;
1323         DBusError error;
1324
1325         dbus_error_init(&error);
1326
1327         assert(bus);
1328
1329         spawn_ask_password_agent();
1330
1331         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1332                 method =
1333                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1334                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1335                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1336                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1337                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1338                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1339                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1340                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1341                                                                   "StartUnit";
1342
1343                 mode =
1344                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1345                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1346                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1347                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1348                                                         "replace";
1349
1350                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1351
1352         } else {
1353                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1354                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1355
1356                 method = "StartUnit";
1357
1358                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1359                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1360                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1361                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1362                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1363                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1364
1365                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1366         }
1367
1368         if (!arg_no_block) {
1369                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1370                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1371                         goto finish;
1372                 }
1373
1374                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1375                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1376                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1377                         goto finish;
1378                 }
1379         }
1380
1381         if (one_name) {
1382                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1383                         goto finish;
1384         } else {
1385                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1386                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1387                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1388                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1389                         }
1390         }
1391
1392         if (!arg_no_block)
1393                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1394                         ret = r;
1395                         goto finish;
1396                 }
1397
1398 finish:
1399         if (s)
1400                 set_free_free(s);
1401
1402         dbus_error_free(&error);
1403
1404         return ret;
1405 }
1406
1407 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1408         int r;
1409
1410         assert(bus);
1411         assert(args);
1412
1413         if (arg_force &&
1414             (streq(args[0], "halt") ||
1415              streq(args[0], "poweroff") ||
1416              streq(args[0], "reboot") ||
1417              streq(args[0], "kexec") ||
1418              streq(args[0], "exit")))
1419                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
1420
1421         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1422
1423         if (r >= 0)
1424                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1425
1426         return r;
1427 }
1428
1429 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1430         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1431         const char
1432                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1433                 *property = "ActiveState";
1434         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1435         DBusError error;
1436         unsigned i;
1437
1438         assert(bus);
1439         assert(args);
1440
1441         dbus_error_init(&error);
1442
1443         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1444                 const char *path = NULL;
1445                 const char *state;
1446                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1447
1448                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1449                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1450                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1451                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1452                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1453                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1454                         r = -ENOMEM;
1455                         goto finish;
1456                 }
1457
1458                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1459                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1460                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1461                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1462                         r = -ENOMEM;
1463                         goto finish;
1464                 }
1465
1466                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1467
1468                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1469                         if (!arg_quiet)
1470                                 puts("unknown");
1471
1472                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1473                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1474                         continue;
1475                 }
1476
1477                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1478                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1479                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1480                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1481                         r = -EIO;
1482                         goto finish;
1483                 }
1484
1485                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1486                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1487                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1488                                       path,
1489                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1490                                       "Get"))) {
1491                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1492                         r = -ENOMEM;
1493                         goto finish;
1494                 }
1495
1496                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1497                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1498                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1499                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1500                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1501                         r = -ENOMEM;
1502                         goto finish;
1503                 }
1504
1505                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1506                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1507                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1508                         r = -EIO;
1509                         goto finish;
1510                 }
1511
1512                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1513                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1514                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1515                         r = -EIO;
1516                         goto finish;
1517                 }
1518
1519                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1520
1521                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1522                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1523                         r = -EIO;
1524                         goto finish;
1525                 }
1526
1527                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1528
1529                 if (!arg_quiet)
1530                         puts(state);
1531
1532                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1533                         r = 0;
1534
1535                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1536                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1537                 m = reply = NULL;
1538         }
1539
1540 finish:
1541         if (m)
1542                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1543
1544         if (reply)
1545                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1546
1547         dbus_error_free(&error);
1548
1549         return r;
1550 }
1551
1552 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1553         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1554         int r = 0;
1555         DBusError error;
1556         unsigned i;
1557
1558         assert(bus);
1559         assert(args);
1560
1561         dbus_error_init(&error);
1562
1563         if (!arg_kill_who)
1564                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1565
1566         if (!arg_kill_mode)
1567                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
1568
1569         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1570
1571                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1572                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1573                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1574                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1575                                       "KillUnit"))) {
1576                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1577                         r = -ENOMEM;
1578                         goto finish;
1579                 }
1580
1581                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1582                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1583                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1584                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
1585                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1586                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1587                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1588                         r = -ENOMEM;
1589                         goto finish;
1590                 }
1591
1592                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1593                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1594                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1595                         r = -EIO;
1596                 }
1597
1598                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1599
1600                 if (reply)
1601                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1602                 m = reply = NULL;
1603         }
1604
1605 finish:
1606         if (m)
1607                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1608
1609         if (reply)
1610                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1611
1612         dbus_error_free(&error);
1613
1614         return r;
1615 }
1616
1617 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1618         char *path;
1619         char **argv;
1620
1621         bool ignore;
1622
1623         usec_t start_timestamp;
1624         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1625         pid_t pid;
1626         int code;
1627         int status;
1628
1629         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1630 } ExecStatusInfo;
1631
1632 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1633         assert(i);
1634
1635         free(i->path);
1636         strv_free(i->argv);
1637         free(i);
1638 }
1639
1640 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1641         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1642         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1643         const char*path;
1644         unsigned n;
1645         uint32_t pid;
1646         int32_t code, status;
1647         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1648
1649         assert(i);
1650         assert(i);
1651
1652         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1653                 return -EIO;
1654
1655         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1656
1657         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1658                 return -EIO;
1659
1660         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1661                 return -ENOMEM;
1662
1663         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1664             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1665                 return -EIO;
1666
1667         n = 0;
1668         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1669         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1670                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1671                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1672                 n++;
1673         }
1674
1675
1676         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1677                 return -ENOMEM;
1678
1679         n = 0;
1680         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1681         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1682                 const char *s;
1683
1684                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1685                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1686                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1687
1688                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1689                         return -ENOMEM;
1690         }
1691
1692         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1693             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1694             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1695             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1696             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1697             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1698             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1699                 return -EIO;
1700
1701         i->ignore = ignore;
1702         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1703         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1704         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1705         i->code = code;
1706         i->status = status;
1707
1708         return 0;
1709 }
1710
1711 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1712         const char *id;
1713         const char *load_state;
1714         const char *active_state;
1715         const char *sub_state;
1716
1717         const char *description;
1718         const char *following;
1719
1720         const char *path;
1721         const char *default_control_group;
1722
1723         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1724         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1725         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1726         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1727
1728         bool need_daemon_reload;
1729
1730         /* Service */
1731         pid_t main_pid;
1732         pid_t control_pid;
1733         const char *status_text;
1734         bool running:1;
1735 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1736         bool is_sysv:1;
1737 #endif
1738
1739         usec_t start_timestamp;
1740         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1741
1742         int exit_code, exit_status;
1743
1744         /* Socket */
1745         unsigned n_accepted;
1746         unsigned n_connections;
1747         bool accept;
1748
1749         /* Device */
1750         const char *sysfs_path;
1751
1752         /* Mount, Automount */
1753         const char *where;
1754
1755         /* Swap */
1756         const char *what;
1757
1758         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1759 } UnitStatusInfo;
1760
1761 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1762         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1763         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1764         usec_t timestamp;
1765         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1766         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1767
1768         assert(i);
1769
1770         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1771          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1772
1773         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1774
1775         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1776                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1777
1778         printf("\n");
1779
1780         if (i->following)
1781                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
1782
1783         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
1784             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
1785                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1786                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1787         } else
1788                 on = off = "";
1789
1790         if (i->path)
1791                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1792         else
1793                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1794
1795         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1796
1797         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1798                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1799                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1800         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1801                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1802                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1803         } else
1804                 on = off = "";
1805
1806         if (ss)
1807                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1808                        on,
1809                        strna(i->active_state),
1810                        ss,
1811                        off);
1812         else
1813                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1814                        on,
1815                        strna(i->active_state),
1816                        off);
1817
1818         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1819                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1820                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1821                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1822                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1823                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1824
1825         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1826         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1827
1828         if (s1)
1829                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1830         else if (s2)
1831                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
1832         else
1833                 printf("\n");
1834
1835         if (i->sysfs_path)
1836                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1837         if (i->where)
1838                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1839         if (i->what)
1840                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1841
1842         if (i->accept)
1843                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1844
1845         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1846                 char *t;
1847
1848                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1849                 if (p->code == 0)
1850                         continue;
1851
1852                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1853                 printf("\t Process: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1854                 free(t);
1855
1856                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1857                         const char *c;
1858
1859                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1860
1861 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1862                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1863 #else
1864                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1865 #endif
1866                                 printf("/%s", c);
1867
1868                 } else
1869                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1870                 printf(")\n");
1871
1872                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1873                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1874                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1875                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1876                         i->main_pid = 0;
1877
1878                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1879                         i->control_pid = 0;
1880         }
1881
1882         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1883                 printf("\t");
1884
1885                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1886                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1887
1888                         if (i->running) {
1889                                 char *t = NULL;
1890                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1891                                 if (t) {
1892                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1893                                         free(t);
1894                                 }
1895                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1896                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1897
1898                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
1899                                         const char *c;
1900
1901                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1902
1903 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1904                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1905 #else
1906                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1907 #endif
1908                                                 printf("/%s", c);
1909
1910                                 } else
1911                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1912                                 printf(")");
1913                         }
1914                 }
1915
1916                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1917                         printf(";");
1918
1919                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1920                         char *t = NULL;
1921
1922                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1923
1924                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1925                         if (t) {
1926                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1927                                 free(t);
1928                         }
1929                 }
1930
1931                 printf("\n");
1932         }
1933
1934         if (i->status_text)
1935                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1936
1937         if (i->default_control_group) {
1938                 unsigned c;
1939
1940                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1941
1942                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1943                         c -= 18;
1944                 else
1945                         c = 0;
1946
1947                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1948         }
1949
1950         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1951                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1952                        ansi_highlight(true),
1953                        ansi_highlight(false),
1954                        arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
1955 }
1956
1957 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1958
1959         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1960
1961         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1962                 const char *s;
1963
1964                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1965
1966                 if (s[0]) {
1967                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1968                                 i->id = s;
1969                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1970                                 i->load_state = s;
1971                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1972                                 i->active_state = s;
1973                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1974                                 i->sub_state = s;
1975                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1976                                 i->description = s;
1977                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1978                                 i->path = s;
1979 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1980                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
1981                                 i->is_sysv = true;
1982                                 i->path = s;
1983                         }
1984 #endif
1985                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1986                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1987                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1988                                 i->status_text = s;
1989                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1990                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1991                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1992                                 i->where = s;
1993                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1994                                 i->what = s;
1995                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
1996                                 i->following = s;
1997                 }
1998
1999                 break;
2000         }
2001
2002         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2003                 dbus_bool_t b;
2004
2005                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2006
2007                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2008                         i->accept = b;
2009                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2010                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2011
2012                 break;
2013         }
2014
2015         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2016                 uint32_t u;
2017
2018                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2019
2020                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2021                         if (u > 0) {
2022                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2023                                 i->running = true;
2024                         }
2025                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2026                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2027                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2028                         if (u > 0)
2029                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2030                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2031                         i->n_accepted = u;
2032                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2033                         i->n_connections = u;
2034
2035                 break;
2036         }
2037
2038         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2039                 int32_t j;
2040
2041                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2042
2043                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2044                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2045                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2046                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2047
2048                 break;
2049         }
2050
2051         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2052                 uint64_t u;
2053
2054                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2055
2056                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2057                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2058                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2059                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2060                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2061                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2062                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2063                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2064                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2065                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2066                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2067                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2068
2069                 break;
2070         }
2071
2072         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2073
2074                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2075                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2076                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2077
2078                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2079                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2080                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2081                                 int r;
2082
2083                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2084                                         return -ENOMEM;
2085
2086                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2087                                         free(info);
2088                                         return r;
2089                                 }
2090
2091                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2092
2093                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2094                         }
2095                 }
2096
2097                 break;
2098         }
2099         }
2100
2101         return 0;
2102 }
2103
2104 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2105         assert(name);
2106         assert(iter);
2107
2108         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2109          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2110
2111         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2112                 return 0;
2113
2114         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2115
2116         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2117                 const char *s;
2118                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2119
2120                 if (arg_all || s[0])
2121                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2122
2123                 return 0;
2124         }
2125
2126         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2127                 dbus_bool_t b;
2128                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2129                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
2130
2131                 return 0;
2132         }
2133
2134         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2135                 uint64_t u;
2136                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2137
2138                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
2139                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
2140
2141                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
2142                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
2143
2144                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
2145                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
2146                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
2147                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2148
2149                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
2150                 } else
2151                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
2152
2153                 return 0;
2154         }
2155
2156         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2157                 uint32_t u;
2158                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2159
2160                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
2161                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
2162                 else
2163                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2164
2165                 return 0;
2166         }
2167
2168         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2169                 int32_t i;
2170                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
2171
2172                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
2173                 return 0;
2174         }
2175
2176         case DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
2177                 double d;
2178                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &d);
2179
2180                 printf("%s=%g\n", name, d);
2181                 return 0;
2182         }
2183
2184         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2185                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2186                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2187
2188                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2189                         uint32_t u;
2190
2191                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2192
2193                         if (u)
2194                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2195                         else if (arg_all)
2196                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2197
2198                         return 0;
2199                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2200                         const char *s;
2201
2202                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2203
2204                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2205                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2206
2207                         return 0;
2208                 }
2209
2210                 break;
2211         }
2212
2213         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2214
2215                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2216                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2217                         bool space = false;
2218
2219                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2220                         if (arg_all ||
2221                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2222                                 printf("%s=", name);
2223
2224                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2225                                         const char *s;
2226
2227                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2228                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2229                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2230
2231                                         space = true;
2232                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2233                                 }
2234
2235                                 puts("");
2236                         }
2237
2238                         return 0;
2239
2240                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2241                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2242
2243                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2244                         if (arg_all ||
2245                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2246                                 printf("%s=", name);
2247
2248                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2249                                         uint8_t u;
2250
2251                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2252                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2253                                         printf("%02x", u);
2254
2255                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2256                                 }
2257
2258                                 puts("");
2259                         }
2260
2261                         return 0;
2262
2263                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2264                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2265
2266                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2267                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2268                                 const char *type, *path;
2269
2270                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2271
2272                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2273                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2274                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2275
2276                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2277                         }
2278
2279                         return 0;
2280
2281                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2282                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2283
2284                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2285                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2286                                 const char *base;
2287                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2288
2289                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2290
2291                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2292                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2293                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2294                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2295
2296                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2297                                                base,
2298                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2299                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2300                                 }
2301
2302                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2303                         }
2304
2305                         return 0;
2306
2307                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2308                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2309
2310                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2311                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2312                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2313
2314                                 zero(info);
2315                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2316                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2317                                         char *t;
2318
2319                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2320
2321                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2322                                                name,
2323                                                strna(info.path),
2324                                                strna(t),
2325                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2326                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2327                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2328                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2329                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2330                                                info.status,
2331                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2332                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2333
2334                                         free(t);
2335                                 }
2336
2337                                 free(info.path);
2338                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2339
2340                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2341                         }
2342
2343                         return 0;
2344                 }
2345
2346                 break;
2347         }
2348
2349         if (arg_all)
2350                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2351
2352         return 0;
2353 }
2354
2355 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2356         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2357         const char *interface = "";
2358         int r;
2359         DBusError error;
2360         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2361         UnitStatusInfo info;
2362         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2363
2364         assert(bus);
2365         assert(path);
2366         assert(new_line);
2367
2368         zero(info);
2369         dbus_error_init(&error);
2370
2371         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2372                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2373                               path,
2374                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2375                               "GetAll"))) {
2376                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2377                 r = -ENOMEM;
2378                 goto finish;
2379         }
2380
2381         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2382                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2383                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2384                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2385                 r = -ENOMEM;
2386                 goto finish;
2387         }
2388
2389         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2390                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2391                 r = -EIO;
2392                 goto finish;
2393         }
2394
2395         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2396             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2397             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2398                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2399                 r = -EIO;
2400                 goto finish;
2401         }
2402
2403         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2404
2405         if (*new_line)
2406                 printf("\n");
2407
2408         *new_line = true;
2409
2410         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2411                 const char *name;
2412
2413                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2414                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2415                         r = -EIO;
2416                         goto finish;
2417                 }
2418
2419                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2420
2421                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2422                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2423                         r = -EIO;
2424                         goto finish;
2425                 }
2426
2427                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2428                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2429                         r = -EIO;
2430                         goto finish;
2431                 }
2432
2433                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2434
2435                 if (show_properties)
2436                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2437                 else
2438                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2439
2440                 if (r < 0) {
2441                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2442                         r = -EIO;
2443                         goto finish;
2444                 }
2445
2446                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2447         }
2448
2449         r = 0;
2450
2451         if (!show_properties)
2452                 print_status_info(&info);
2453
2454         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2455             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2456             streq(verb, "status"))
2457                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2458                 r = 3;
2459
2460         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2461                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2462                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2463         }
2464
2465 finish:
2466         if (m)
2467                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2468
2469         if (reply)
2470                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2471
2472         dbus_error_free(&error);
2473
2474         return r;
2475 }
2476
2477 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2478         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2479         int r, ret = 0;
2480         DBusError error;
2481         unsigned i;
2482         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2483
2484         assert(bus);
2485         assert(args);
2486
2487         dbus_error_init(&error);
2488
2489         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2490
2491         if (show_properties)
2492                 pager_open();
2493
2494         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2495                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2496                  * itself */
2497
2498                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2499                 goto finish;
2500         }
2501
2502         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2503                 const char *path = NULL;
2504                 uint32_t id;
2505
2506                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2507
2508                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2509
2510                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2511                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2512                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2513                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2514                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2515                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2516                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2517                                 goto finish;
2518                         }
2519
2520                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2521                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2522                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2523                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2524                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2525                                 goto finish;
2526                         }
2527
2528                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2529
2530                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2531                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2532                                         ret = -EIO;
2533                                         goto finish;
2534                                 }
2535
2536                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2537
2538                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2539                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2540                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2541                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2542                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2543                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2544                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2545                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2546                                         goto finish;
2547                                 }
2548
2549                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2550                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2551                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2552                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2553                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2554                                         goto finish;
2555                                 }
2556
2557                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2558                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2559
2560                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2561                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2562                                         else
2563                                                 ret = -EIO;
2564                                         goto finish;
2565                                 }
2566                         }
2567
2568                 } else if (show_properties) {
2569
2570                         /* Interpret as job id */
2571
2572                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2573                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2574                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2575                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2576                                               "GetJob"))) {
2577                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2578                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2579                                 goto finish;
2580                         }
2581
2582                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2583                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2584                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2585                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2586                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2587                                 goto finish;
2588                         }
2589
2590                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2591                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2592                                 ret = -EIO;
2593                                 goto finish;
2594                         }
2595                 } else {
2596
2597                         /* Interpret as PID */
2598
2599                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2600                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2601                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2602                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2603                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2604                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2605                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2606                                 goto finish;
2607                         }
2608
2609                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2610                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2611                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2612                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2613                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2614                                 goto finish;
2615                         }
2616
2617                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2618                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2619                                 ret = -EIO;
2620                                 goto finish;
2621                         }
2622                 }
2623
2624                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2625                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2626                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2627                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2628                         ret = -EIO;
2629                         goto finish;
2630                 }
2631
2632                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2633                         ret = r;
2634
2635                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2636                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2637                 m = reply = NULL;
2638         }
2639
2640 finish:
2641         if (m)
2642                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2643
2644         if (reply)
2645                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2646
2647         dbus_error_free(&error);
2648
2649         return ret;
2650 }
2651
2652 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2653         DBusError error;
2654         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2655
2656         assert(connection);
2657         assert(message);
2658
2659         dbus_error_init(&error);
2660
2661         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2662                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2663                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2664                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2665
2666         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2667                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2668                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2669
2670         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2671                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2672                 const char *id, *path;
2673
2674                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2675                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2676                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2677                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2678                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2679                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2680                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2681                 else
2682                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2683
2684         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2685                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2686                 uint32_t id;
2687                 const char *path;
2688
2689                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2690                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2691                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2692                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2693                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2694                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2695                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2696                 else
2697                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2698
2699
2700         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2701
2702                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2703                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2704
2705                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2706
2707                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2708                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2709                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2710                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2711                         goto finish;
2712                 }
2713
2714                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2715                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2716                         goto finish;
2717
2718                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2719                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2720                               path,
2721                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2722                               "Get"))) {
2723                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2724                         goto oom;
2725                 }
2726
2727                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2728                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2729                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2730                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2731                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2732                         goto finish;
2733                 }
2734
2735                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2736                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2737                         goto finish;
2738                 }
2739
2740                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2741                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2742                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2743                         goto finish;
2744                 }
2745
2746                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2747
2748                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2749                         const char *id;
2750
2751                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2752                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2753                                 goto finish;
2754                         }
2755
2756                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2757                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2758                 } else {
2759                         uint32_t id;
2760
2761                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2762                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2763                                 goto finish;
2764                         }
2765
2766                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2767                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2768                 }
2769         }
2770
2771 finish:
2772         if (m)
2773                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2774
2775         if (reply)
2776                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2777
2778         dbus_error_free(&error);
2779         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2780
2781 oom:
2782         if (m)
2783                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2784
2785         if (reply)
2786                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2787
2788         dbus_error_free(&error);
2789         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2790 }
2791
2792 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2793         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2794         DBusError error;
2795         int r;
2796
2797         dbus_error_init(&error);
2798
2799         if (!private_bus) {
2800                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2801                                    "type='signal',"
2802                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2803                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2804                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2805                                    &error);
2806
2807                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2808                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2809                         r = -EIO;
2810                         goto finish;
2811                 }
2812
2813                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2814                                    "type='signal',"
2815                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2816                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2817                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2818                                    &error);
2819
2820                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2821                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2822                         r = -EIO;
2823                         goto finish;
2824                 }
2825         }
2826
2827         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2828                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2829                 r = -ENOMEM;
2830                 goto finish;
2831         }
2832
2833         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2834                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2835                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2836                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2837                               "Subscribe"))) {
2838                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2839                 r = -ENOMEM;
2840                 goto finish;
2841         }
2842
2843         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2844                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2845                 r = -EIO;
2846                 goto finish;
2847         }
2848
2849         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2850                 ;
2851
2852         r = 0;
2853
2854 finish:
2855
2856         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2857
2858         if (m)
2859                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2860
2861         if (reply)
2862                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2863
2864         dbus_error_free(&error);
2865
2866         return r;
2867 }
2868
2869 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2870         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2871         DBusError error;
2872         int r;
2873         const char *text;
2874
2875         dbus_error_init(&error);
2876
2877         pager_open();
2878
2879         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2880                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2881                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2882                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2883                               "Dump"))) {
2884                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2885                 return -ENOMEM;
2886         }
2887
2888         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2889                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2890                 r = -EIO;
2891                 goto finish;
2892         }
2893
2894         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2895                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2896                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2897                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2898                 r = -EIO;
2899                 goto finish;
2900         }
2901
2902         fputs(text, stdout);
2903
2904         r = 0;
2905
2906 finish:
2907         if (m)
2908                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2909
2910         if (reply)
2911                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2912
2913         dbus_error_free(&error);
2914
2915         return r;
2916 }
2917
2918 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2919         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2920         DBusError error;
2921         int r;
2922         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2923         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2924         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2925         const char
2926                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2927                 *property = "Id";
2928
2929         dbus_error_init(&error);
2930
2931         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2932                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2933                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2934                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2935                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2936                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2937                 return -ENOMEM;
2938         }
2939
2940         if (n > 1)
2941                 name = args[1];
2942
2943         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2944                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2945                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2946                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2947                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2948                 r = -ENOMEM;
2949                 goto finish;
2950         }
2951
2952         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2953                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2954                 r = -EIO;
2955                 goto finish;
2956         }
2957
2958         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2959                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2960                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2961                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2962                 r = -EIO;
2963                 goto finish;
2964         }
2965
2966         dbus_message_unref(m);
2967         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2968                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2969                               path,
2970                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2971                               "Get"))) {
2972                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2973                 return -ENOMEM;
2974         }
2975
2976         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2977                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2978                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2979                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2980                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2981                 r = -ENOMEM;
2982                 goto finish;
2983         }
2984
2985         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2986         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2987                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2988                 r = -EIO;
2989                 goto finish;
2990         }
2991
2992         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2993             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2994                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2995                 r = -EIO;
2996                 goto finish;
2997         }
2998
2999         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3000
3001         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3002                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3003                 r = -EIO;
3004                 goto finish;
3005         }
3006
3007         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3008
3009         if (!arg_quiet)
3010                 puts(id);
3011         r = 0;
3012
3013 finish:
3014         if (m)
3015                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3016
3017         if (reply)
3018                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3019
3020         dbus_error_free(&error);
3021
3022         return r;
3023 }
3024
3025 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3026         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3027         int r;
3028         DBusError error;
3029         unsigned i;
3030
3031         assert(bus);
3032         assert(args);
3033
3034         dbus_error_init(&error);
3035
3036         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3037                 const char *path = NULL;
3038
3039                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3040                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3041                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3042                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3043                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3044                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3045                         r = -ENOMEM;
3046                         goto finish;
3047                 }
3048
3049                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3050                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
3051                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3052                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3053                         r = -ENOMEM;
3054                         goto finish;
3055                 }
3056
3057                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3058                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3059                         r = -EIO;
3060                         goto finish;
3061                 }
3062
3063                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3064                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3065                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3066                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3067                         r = -EIO;
3068                         goto finish;
3069                 }
3070
3071                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3072                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3073                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3074                                       path,
3075                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3076                                       "Remove"))) {
3077                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3078                         r = -ENOMEM;
3079                         goto finish;
3080                 }
3081
3082                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3083                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3084                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3085                         r = -EIO;
3086                         goto finish;
3087                 }
3088
3089                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3090                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3091                 m = reply = NULL;
3092         }
3093
3094         r = 0;
3095
3096 finish:
3097         if (m)
3098                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3099
3100         if (reply)
3101                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3102
3103         dbus_error_free(&error);
3104
3105         return r;
3106 }
3107
3108 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3109         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3110         DBusError error;
3111         int r;
3112         const char *method;
3113
3114         dbus_error_init(&error);
3115
3116         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3117                 method = "Reload";
3118         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3119                 method = "Reexecute";
3120         else {
3121                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3122
3123                 method =
3124                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3125                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3126                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3127                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3128                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3129                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3130                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3131                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3132                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3133                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3134         }
3135
3136         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3137                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3138                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3139                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3140                               method))) {
3141                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3142                 return -ENOMEM;
3143         }
3144
3145         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3146
3147                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3148                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3149                          * legacy actions. */
3150                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3151                         goto finish;
3152                 }
3153
3154                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3155                 r = -EIO;
3156                 goto finish;
3157         }
3158
3159         r = 0;
3160
3161 finish:
3162         if (m)
3163                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3164
3165         if (reply)
3166                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3167
3168         dbus_error_free(&error);
3169
3170         return r;
3171 }
3172
3173 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3174         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3175         unsigned i;
3176         int r;
3177         DBusError error;
3178
3179         assert(bus);
3180         dbus_error_init(&error);
3181
3182         if (n <= 1)
3183                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3184
3185         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3186
3187                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3188                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3189                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3190                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3191                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3192                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3193                         r = -ENOMEM;
3194                         goto finish;
3195                 }
3196
3197                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3198                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3199                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3200                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3201                         r = -ENOMEM;
3202                         goto finish;
3203                 }
3204
3205                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3206                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3207                         r = -EIO;
3208                         goto finish;
3209                 }
3210
3211                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3212                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3213                 m = reply = NULL;
3214         }
3215
3216         r = 0;
3217
3218 finish:
3219         if (m)
3220                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3221
3222         if (reply)
3223                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3224
3225         dbus_error_free(&error);
3226
3227         return r;
3228 }
3229
3230 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3231         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3232         DBusError error;
3233         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3234         int r;
3235         const char
3236                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3237                 *property = "Environment";
3238
3239         dbus_error_init(&error);
3240
3241         pager_open();
3242
3243         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3244                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3245                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3246                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3247                               "Get"))) {
3248                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3249                 return -ENOMEM;
3250         }
3251
3252         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3253                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3254                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3255                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3256                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3257                 r = -ENOMEM;
3258                 goto finish;
3259         }
3260
3261         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3262                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3263                 r = -EIO;
3264                 goto finish;
3265         }
3266
3267         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3268             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3269                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3270                 r = -EIO;
3271                 goto finish;
3272         }
3273
3274         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3275
3276         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3277             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3278                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3279                 r = -EIO;
3280                 goto finish;
3281         }
3282
3283         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3284
3285         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3286                 const char *text;
3287
3288                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3289                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3290                         r = -EIO;
3291                         goto finish;
3292                 }
3293
3294                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3295                 printf("%s\n", text);
3296
3297                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3298         }
3299
3300         r = 0;
3301
3302 finish:
3303         if (m)
3304                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3305
3306         if (reply)
3307                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3308
3309         dbus_error_free(&error);
3310
3311         return r;
3312 }
3313
3314 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3315         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3316         DBusError error;
3317         int r;
3318         const char *method;
3319         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3320         unsigned i;
3321
3322         dbus_error_init(&error);
3323
3324         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3325                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3326                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3327
3328         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3329                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3330                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3331                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3332                               method))) {
3333
3334                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3335                 return -ENOMEM;
3336         }
3337
3338         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3339
3340         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3341                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3342                 r = -ENOMEM;
3343                 goto finish;
3344         }
3345
3346         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3347                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3348                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3349                         r = -ENOMEM;
3350                         goto finish;
3351                 }
3352
3353         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3354                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3355                 r = -ENOMEM;
3356                 goto finish;
3357         }
3358
3359         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3360                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3361                 r = -EIO;
3362                 goto finish;
3363         }
3364
3365         r = 0;
3366
3367 finish:
3368         if (m)
3369                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3370
3371         if (reply)
3372                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3373
3374         dbus_error_free(&error);
3375
3376         return r;
3377 }
3378
3379 typedef struct {
3380         char *name;
3381         char *path;
3382
3383         char **aliases;
3384         char **wanted_by;
3385 } InstallInfo;
3386
3387 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3388 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3389 static unsigned n_symlinks = 0;
3390
3391 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3392         assert(i);
3393
3394         free(i->name);
3395         free(i->path);
3396         strv_free(i->aliases);
3397         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3398         free(i);
3399 }
3400
3401 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3402         InstallInfo *i;
3403
3404         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3405                 install_info_free(i);
3406
3407         hashmap_free(m);
3408 }
3409
3410 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3411         InstallInfo *i;
3412         int r;
3413
3414         assert(will_install);
3415
3416         if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, true)) {
3417                 log_warning("Unit name %s is not a valid unit name.", name);
3418                 return -EINVAL;
3419         }
3420
3421         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3422             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3423                 return 0;
3424
3425         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3426                 r = -ENOMEM;
3427                 goto fail;
3428         }
3429
3430         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3431                 r = -ENOMEM;
3432                 goto fail;
3433         }
3434
3435         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3436                 goto fail;
3437
3438         return 0;
3439
3440 fail:
3441         if (i)
3442                 install_info_free(i);
3443
3444         return r;
3445 }
3446
3447 static int config_parse_also(
3448                 const char *filename,
3449                 unsigned line,
3450                 const char *section,
3451                 const char *lvalue,
3452                 const char *rvalue,
3453                 void *data,
3454                 void *userdata) {
3455
3456         char *w;
3457         size_t l;
3458         char *state;
3459
3460         assert(filename);
3461         assert(lvalue);
3462         assert(rvalue);
3463
3464         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3465                 char *n;
3466                 int r;
3467
3468                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3469                         return -ENOMEM;
3470
3471                 if ((r = install_info_add(n)) < 0) {
3472                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", n, strerror(-r));
3473                         free(n);
3474                         return r;
3475                 }
3476
3477                 free(n);
3478         }
3479
3480         return 0;
3481 }
3482
3483 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3484         char *n;
3485         int r;
3486
3487         assert(p);
3488         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3489
3490         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3491                 return 0;
3492
3493         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3494                 return -ENOMEM;
3495
3496         path_kill_slashes(n);
3497
3498         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3499                 free(n);
3500                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3501         }
3502
3503         return 0;
3504 }
3505
3506 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3507         int r = 0;
3508         DIR *d;
3509         struct dirent *de;
3510
3511         assert(fd >= 0);
3512         assert(root);
3513         assert(deleted);
3514
3515         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3516                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3517                 return -errno;
3518         }
3519
3520         rewinddir(d);
3521
3522         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3523                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3524
3525                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3526                         continue;
3527
3528                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3529                         is_link = true;
3530                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3531                         is_dir = true;
3532                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3533                         struct stat st;
3534
3535                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3536                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3537
3538                                 if (r == 0)
3539                                         r = -errno;
3540                                 continue;
3541                         }
3542
3543                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3544                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3545                 } else
3546                         continue;
3547
3548                 if (is_dir) {
3549                         int nfd, q;
3550                         char *p;
3551
3552                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3553                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3554
3555                                 if (r == 0)
3556                                         r = -errno;
3557                                 continue;
3558                         }
3559
3560                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3561                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3562                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3563                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3564                                 break;
3565                         }
3566
3567                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3568                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3569                         free(p);
3570
3571                         if (r == 0)
3572                                 r = q;
3573
3574                 } else if (is_link) {
3575                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3576                         int q;
3577
3578                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3579                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3580                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3581                                 break;
3582                         }
3583
3584                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3585                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3586                                 free(p);
3587
3588                                 if (r == 0)
3589                                         r = q;
3590                                 continue;
3591                         }
3592
3593                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3594                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3595                                  * is already removed */
3596
3597                                 free(dest);
3598                                 dest = c;
3599                         }
3600
3601                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3602                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3603
3604                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3605                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3606
3607                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3608                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3609
3610                                         if (r == 0)
3611                                                 r = -errno;
3612                                 } else {
3613                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3614                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3615
3616                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3617
3618                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3619                                                         if (r == 0)
3620                                                                 r = q;
3621                                                 } else
3622                                                         *deleted = true;
3623                                         }
3624                                 }
3625                         }
3626
3627                         free(p);
3628                         free(dest);
3629                 }
3630         }
3631
3632         closedir(d);
3633
3634         return r;
3635 }
3636
3637 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3638         int fd, r = 0;
3639         bool deleted;
3640
3641         assert(config_path);
3642
3643         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3644                 return 0;
3645
3646         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3647                 return -errno;
3648
3649         do {
3650                 int q, cfd;
3651                 deleted = false;
3652
3653                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3654                         r = -errno;
3655                         break;
3656                 }
3657
3658                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3659                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3660                         if (r == 0)
3661                                 r = q;
3662                 }
3663         } while (deleted);
3664
3665         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3666
3667         return r;
3668 }
3669
3670 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3671         int r;
3672
3673         assert(old_path);
3674         assert(new_path);
3675         assert(verb);
3676
3677         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3678                 char *dest;
3679
3680                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3681
3682                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3683
3684                         if (!arg_quiet)
3685                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3686
3687                         return 0;
3688                 }
3689
3690                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3691                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3692                         return -errno;
3693                 }
3694
3695                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3696
3697                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3698                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3699                                 return -EEXIST;
3700                         }
3701
3702                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3703                         return r;
3704                 }
3705
3706                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3707                         free(dest);
3708                         return 0;
3709                 }
3710
3711                 if (!arg_force) {
3712                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3713                         free(dest);
3714                         return -EEXIST;
3715                 }
3716
3717                 free(dest);
3718                 unlink(new_path);
3719
3720                 if (!arg_quiet)
3721                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3722
3723                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3724                         return 0;
3725
3726                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3727                 return -errno;
3728
3729         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3730                 char *dest;
3731
3732                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3733                         return r;
3734
3735                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3736                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3737                                 return 0;
3738
3739                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3740                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3741                                 return 0;
3742                         }
3743
3744                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3745                         return r;
3746                 }
3747
3748                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3749                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3750                         free(dest);
3751                         return 0;
3752                 }
3753
3754                 free(dest);
3755
3756                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3757                         return r;
3758
3759                 if (!arg_quiet)
3760                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3761
3762                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3763                         return 0;
3764
3765                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3766                 return -errno;
3767
3768         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3769                 char *dest;
3770
3771                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3772
3773                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3774                                 return 0;
3775
3776                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3777                         return r;
3778                 }
3779
3780                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3781                         free(dest);
3782                         return 1;
3783                 }
3784
3785                 return 0;
3786         }
3787
3788         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3789 }
3790
3791 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3792         char **s;
3793         char *alias_path = NULL;
3794         int r;
3795
3796         assert(verb);
3797         assert(i);
3798         assert(config_path);
3799
3800         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3801
3802                 free(alias_path);
3803                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3804                         log_error("Out of memory");
3805                         r = -ENOMEM;
3806                         goto finish;
3807                 }
3808
3809                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3810                         goto finish;
3811
3812                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3813                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3814         }
3815         r = 0;
3816
3817 finish:
3818         free(alias_path);
3819
3820         return r;
3821 }
3822
3823 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3824         char **s;
3825         char *alias_path = NULL;
3826         int r;
3827
3828         assert(verb);
3829         assert(i);
3830         assert(config_path);
3831
3832         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3833                 if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(*s, true)) {
3834                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3835                         r = -EINVAL;
3836                         goto finish;
3837                 }
3838
3839                 free(alias_path);
3840                 alias_path = NULL;
3841
3842                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3843                         log_error("Out of memory");
3844                         r = -ENOMEM;
3845                         goto finish;
3846                 }
3847
3848                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3849                         goto finish;
3850
3851                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3852                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3853         }
3854
3855         r = 0;
3856
3857 finish:
3858         free(alias_path);
3859
3860         return r;
3861 }
3862
3863 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3864
3865         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3866                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3867                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3868                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3869
3870                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3871         };
3872
3873         char **p;
3874         char *filename = NULL;
3875         FILE *f = NULL;
3876         int r;
3877
3878         assert(paths);
3879         assert(i);
3880
3881         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3882                 int fd;
3883
3884                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3885                         log_error("Out of memory");
3886                         return -ENOMEM;
3887                 }
3888
3889                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3890                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3891                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3892                                 break;
3893
3894                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3895                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3896                         free(filename);
3897                         return -errno;
3898                 }
3899
3900                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3901                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3902                         free(filename);
3903                         return -errno;
3904                 }
3905
3906                 free(filename);
3907                 filename = NULL;
3908         }
3909
3910         if (!f) {
3911 #if defined(TARGET_FEDORA) && defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT)
3912
3913                 if (endswith(i->name, ".service")) {
3914                         char *sysv;
3915                         bool exists;
3916
3917                         if (asprintf(&sysv, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", i->name) < 0) {
3918                                 log_error("Out of memory");
3919                                 return -ENOMEM;
3920                         }
3921
3922                         sysv[strlen(sysv) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3923                         exists = access(sysv, F_OK) >= 0;
3924
3925                         if (exists) {
3926                                 pid_t pid;
3927                                 siginfo_t status;
3928
3929                                 const char *argv[] = {
3930                                         "/sbin/chkconfig",
3931                                         NULL,
3932                                         NULL,
3933                                         NULL
3934                                 };
3935
3936                                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", i->name);
3937
3938                                 argv[1] = file_name_from_path(sysv);
3939                                 argv[2] =
3940                                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3941                                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : NULL;
3942
3943                                 log_info("Executing %s %s %s", argv[0], argv[1], strempty(argv[2]));
3944
3945                                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
3946                                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3947                                         free(sysv);
3948                                         return -errno;
3949                                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3950                                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3951                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3952                                 }
3953
3954                                 free(sysv);
3955
3956                                 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
3957                                         return r;
3958
3959                                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3960                                         if (status.si_status == 0 && (streq(verb, "enable") || streq(verb, "disable")))
3961                                                 n_symlinks ++;
3962
3963                                         return status.si_status == 0 ? 0 : -EINVAL;
3964                                 } else
3965                                         return -EPROTO;
3966                         }
3967
3968                         free(sysv);
3969                 }
3970
3971 #endif
3972
3973                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3974                 return -ENOENT;
3975         }
3976
3977         i->path = filename;
3978
3979         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3980                 fclose(f);
3981                 return r;
3982         }
3983
3984         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->aliases);
3985         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->wanted_by);
3986
3987         fclose(f);
3988
3989         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3990                 return r;
3991
3992         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3993                 return r;
3994
3995         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3996                 return r;
3997
3998         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3999                 return r;
4000
4001         return 0;
4002 }
4003
4004 static char *get_config_path(void) {
4005
4006         if (arg_user && arg_global)
4007                 return strdup(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4008
4009         if (arg_user) {
4010                 char *p;
4011
4012                 if (user_config_home(&p) < 0)
4013                         return NULL;
4014
4015                 return p;
4016         }
4017
4018         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4019 }
4020
4021 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
4022         DBusError error;
4023         int r;
4024         LookupPaths paths;
4025         char *config_path = NULL;
4026         unsigned j;
4027         InstallInfo *i;
4028         const char *verb = args[0];
4029
4030         dbus_error_init(&error);
4031
4032         zero(paths);
4033         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_user ? MANAGER_USER : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
4034                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
4035                 goto finish;
4036         }
4037
4038         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
4039                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
4040                 r = -ENOMEM;
4041                 goto finish;
4042         }
4043
4044         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4045         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4046
4047         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
4048                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
4049                 r = -ENOMEM;
4050                 goto finish;
4051         }
4052
4053         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
4054                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
4055                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
4056                         r = -ENOMEM;
4057                         goto finish;
4058                 }
4059
4060         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
4061                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0) {
4062                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", args[j], strerror(-r));
4063                         goto finish;
4064                 }
4065
4066         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
4067                 int q;
4068
4069                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
4070
4071                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
4072
4073                         if (q < 0) {
4074                                 if (r == 0)
4075                                         r = q;
4076                                 goto finish;
4077                         }
4078
4079                         /* In test mode and found something */
4080                         r = 1;
4081                         break;
4082                 }
4083         }
4084
4085         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4086                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
4087         else {
4088                 if (n_symlinks <= 0)
4089                         log_warning("Unit files contain no applicable installation information. Ignoring.");
4090
4091                 if (bus &&
4092                     /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
4093                     !arg_no_reload &&
4094                     /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
4095                     !arg_global &&
4096                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
4097                     (arg_user || sd_booted() > 0) &&
4098                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
4099                     (arg_user || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
4100                         int q;
4101
4102                         if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
4103                                 r = q;
4104                 }
4105         }
4106
4107 finish:
4108         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
4109         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
4110
4111         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
4112
4113         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
4114
4115         free(config_path);
4116
4117         return r;
4118 }
4119
4120 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4121
4122         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4123                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
4124                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4125                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4126                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4127                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4128                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4129                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4130                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4131                "                      pending\n"
4132                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4133                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4134                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager.\n"
4135                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4136                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4137                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4138                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4139                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4140                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4141                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4142                "                      configuration\n"
4143                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4144                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4145                "     --kill-mode=MODE How to send signal\n"
4146                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4147                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4148                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4149                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4150                "     --defaults       When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
4151                "Commands:\n"
4152                "  list-units                      List units\n"
4153                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4154                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4155                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4156                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4157                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4158                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4159                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4160                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4161                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4162                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4163                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4164                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4165                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4166                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4167                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4168                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4169                "                                  units\n"
4170                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4171                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4172                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
4173                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
4174                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4175                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
4176                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
4177                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4178                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
4179                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4180                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
4181                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4182                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
4183                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4184                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4185                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
4186                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4187                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4188                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4189                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4190                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4191                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4192                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4193                "  exit                            Ask for user instance termination\n",
4194                program_invocation_short_name);
4195
4196         return 0;
4197 }
4198
4199 static int halt_help(void) {
4200
4201         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4202                "%s the system.\n\n"
4203                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4204                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4205                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4206                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4207                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4208                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4209                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4210                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4211                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4212                program_invocation_short_name,
4213                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4214                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4215                                                "Halt");
4216
4217         return 0;
4218 }
4219
4220 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4221
4222         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4223                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4224                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4225                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4226                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4227                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4228                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4229                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4230                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4231                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4232                program_invocation_short_name);
4233
4234         return 0;
4235 }
4236
4237 static int telinit_help(void) {
4238
4239         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4240                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4241                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4242                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4243                "Commands:\n"
4244                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4245                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4246                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4247                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4248                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4249                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4250                program_invocation_short_name);
4251
4252         return 0;
4253 }
4254
4255 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4256
4257         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4258                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4259                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4260                program_invocation_short_name);
4261
4262         return 0;
4263 }
4264
4265 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4266
4267         enum {
4268                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4269                 ARG_VERSION,
4270                 ARG_USER,
4271                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4272                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4273                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4274                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4275                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4276                 ARG_ORDER,
4277                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4278                 ARG_FULL,
4279                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4280                 ARG_DEFAULTS,
4281                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4282                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4283                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD
4284         };
4285
4286         static const struct option options[] = {
4287                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4288                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4289                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4290                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4291                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4292                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4293                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4294                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4295                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4296                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4297                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4298                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4299                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4300                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4301                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4302                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4303                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'           },
4304                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4305                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4306                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE },
4307                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4308                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4309                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4310                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4311         };
4312
4313         int c;
4314
4315         assert(argc >= 0);
4316         assert(argv);
4317
4318         /* Only when running as systemctl we ask for passwords */
4319         arg_ask_password = true;
4320
4321         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4322
4323                 switch (c) {
4324
4325                 case 'h':
4326                         systemctl_help();
4327                         return 0;
4328
4329                 case ARG_VERSION:
4330                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4331                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4332                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4333                         return 0;
4334
4335                 case 't':
4336                         arg_type = optarg;
4337                         break;
4338
4339                 case 'p': {
4340                         char **l;
4341
4342                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4343                                 return -ENOMEM;
4344
4345                         strv_free(arg_property);
4346                         arg_property = l;
4347
4348                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4349                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4350                          * empty. */
4351                         arg_all = true;
4352                         break;
4353                 }
4354
4355                 case 'a':
4356                         arg_all = true;
4357                         break;
4358
4359                 case ARG_FAIL:
4360                         arg_fail = true;
4361                         break;
4362
4363                 case ARG_USER:
4364                         arg_user = true;
4365                         break;
4366
4367                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4368                         arg_user = false;
4369                         break;
4370
4371                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4372                         arg_no_block = true;
4373                         break;
4374
4375                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4376                         arg_no_pager = true;
4377                         break;
4378
4379                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4380                         arg_no_wall = true;
4381                         break;
4382
4383                 case ARG_ORDER:
4384                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4385                         break;
4386
4387                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4388                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4389                         break;
4390
4391                 case ARG_FULL:
4392                         arg_full = true;
4393                         break;
4394
4395                 case 'q':
4396                         arg_quiet = true;
4397                         break;
4398
4399                 case 'f':
4400                         arg_force = true;
4401                         break;
4402
4403                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4404                         arg_no_reload = true;
4405                         break;
4406
4407                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4408                         arg_global = true;
4409                         arg_user = true;
4410                         break;
4411
4412                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4413                         arg_defaults = true;
4414                         break;
4415
4416                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4417                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4418                         break;
4419
4420                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4421                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4422                         break;
4423
4424                 case 's':
4425                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4426                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4427                                 return -EINVAL;
4428                         }
4429                         break;
4430
4431                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4432                         arg_ask_password = false;
4433                         break;
4434
4435                 case '?':
4436                         return -EINVAL;
4437
4438                 default:
4439                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4440                         return -EINVAL;
4441                 }
4442         }
4443
4444         return 1;
4445 }
4446
4447 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4448
4449         enum {
4450                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4451                 ARG_HALT,
4452                 ARG_REBOOT,
4453                 ARG_NO_WALL
4454         };
4455
4456         static const struct option options[] = {
4457                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4458                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4459                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4460                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4461                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4462                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4463                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4464                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4465                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4466                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4467         };
4468
4469         int c, runlevel;
4470
4471         assert(argc >= 0);
4472         assert(argv);
4473
4474         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4475                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4476                         arg_immediate = true;
4477
4478         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4479                 switch (c) {
4480
4481                 case ARG_HELP:
4482                         halt_help();
4483                         return 0;
4484
4485                 case ARG_HALT:
4486                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4487                         break;
4488
4489                 case 'p':
4490                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4491                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4492                         break;
4493
4494                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4495                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4496                         break;
4497
4498                 case 'f':
4499                         arg_immediate = true;
4500                         break;
4501
4502                 case 'w':
4503                         arg_dry = true;
4504                         break;
4505
4506                 case 'd':
4507                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4508                         break;
4509
4510                 case 'n':
4511                         arg_no_sync = true;
4512                         break;
4513
4514                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4515                         arg_no_wall = true;
4516                         break;
4517
4518                 case 'i':
4519                 case 'h':
4520                         /* Compatibility nops */
4521                         break;
4522
4523                 case '?':
4524                         return -EINVAL;
4525
4526                 default:
4527                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4528                         return -EINVAL;
4529                 }
4530         }
4531
4532         if (optind < argc) {
4533                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4534                 return -EINVAL;
4535         }
4536
4537         return 1;
4538 }
4539
4540 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4541         assert(t);
4542         assert(_u);
4543
4544         if (streq(t, "now"))
4545                 *_u = 0;
4546         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4547                 uint64_t u;
4548
4549                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4550                         return -EINVAL;
4551
4552                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4553         } else {
4554                 char *e = NULL;
4555                 long hour, minute;
4556                 struct tm tm;
4557                 time_t s;
4558                 usec_t n;
4559
4560                 errno = 0;
4561                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4562                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4563                         return -EINVAL;
4564
4565                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4566                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4567                         return -EINVAL;
4568
4569                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4570                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4571
4572                 zero(tm);
4573                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4574
4575                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4576                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4577                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4578
4579                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4580
4581                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4582
4583                 while (*_u <= n)
4584                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4585         }
4586
4587         return 0;
4588 }
4589
4590 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4591
4592         enum {
4593                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4594                 ARG_NO_WALL
4595         };
4596
4597         static const struct option options[] = {
4598                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4599                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4600                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4601                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4602                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4603                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4604         };
4605
4606         int c, r;
4607
4608         assert(argc >= 0);
4609         assert(argv);
4610
4611         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4612                 switch (c) {
4613
4614                 case ARG_HELP:
4615                         shutdown_help();
4616                         return 0;
4617
4618                 case 'H':
4619                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4620                         break;
4621
4622                 case 'P':
4623                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4624                         break;
4625
4626                 case 'r':
4627                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4628                         break;
4629
4630                 case 'h':
4631                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4632                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4633                         break;
4634
4635                 case 'k':
4636                         arg_dry = true;
4637                         break;
4638
4639                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4640                         arg_no_wall = true;
4641                         break;
4642
4643                 case 't':
4644                 case 'a':
4645                         /* Compatibility nops */
4646                         break;
4647
4648                 case 'c':
4649                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4650                         break;
4651
4652                 case '?':
4653                         return -EINVAL;
4654
4655                 default:
4656                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4657                         return -EINVAL;
4658                 }
4659         }
4660
4661         if (argc > optind) {
4662                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4663                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4664                         return r;
4665                 }
4666         } else
4667                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4668
4669         /* We skip the time argument */
4670         if (argc > optind + 1)
4671                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4672
4673         optind = argc;
4674
4675         return 1;
4676 }
4677
4678 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4679
4680         enum {
4681                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4682                 ARG_NO_WALL
4683         };
4684
4685         static const struct option options[] = {
4686                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4687                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4688                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4689         };
4690
4691         static const struct {
4692                 char from;
4693                 enum action to;
4694         } table[] = {
4695                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4696                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4697                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4698                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4699                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4700                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4701                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4702                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4703                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4704                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4705                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4706                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4707                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4708         };
4709
4710         unsigned i;
4711         int c;
4712
4713         assert(argc >= 0);
4714         assert(argv);
4715
4716         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4717                 switch (c) {
4718
4719                 case ARG_HELP:
4720                         telinit_help();
4721                         return 0;
4722
4723                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4724                         arg_no_wall = true;
4725                         break;
4726
4727                 case '?':
4728                         return -EINVAL;
4729
4730                 default:
4731                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4732                         return -EINVAL;
4733                 }
4734         }
4735
4736         if (optind >= argc) {
4737                 telinit_help();
4738                 return -EINVAL;
4739         }
4740
4741         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4742                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4743                 return -EINVAL;
4744         }
4745
4746         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4747                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4748                 return -EINVAL;
4749         }
4750
4751         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4752                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4753                         break;
4754
4755         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4756                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4757                 return -EINVAL;
4758         }
4759
4760         arg_action = table[i].to;
4761
4762         optind ++;
4763
4764         return 1;
4765 }
4766
4767 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4768
4769         enum {
4770                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4771         };
4772
4773         static const struct option options[] = {
4774                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4775                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4776         };
4777
4778         int c;
4779
4780         assert(argc >= 0);
4781         assert(argv);
4782
4783         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4784                 switch (c) {
4785
4786                 case ARG_HELP:
4787                         runlevel_help();
4788                         return 0;
4789
4790                 case '?':
4791                         return -EINVAL;
4792
4793                 default:
4794                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4795                         return -EINVAL;
4796                 }
4797         }
4798
4799         if (optind < argc) {
4800                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4801                 return -EINVAL;
4802         }
4803
4804         return 1;
4805 }
4806
4807 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4808         assert(argc >= 0);
4809         assert(argv);
4810
4811         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4812
4813                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4814                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4815                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4816                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4817                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4818                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4819                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4820                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4821                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4822                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4823                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4824                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4825                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4826
4827                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4828                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4829                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4830                         } else {
4831                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4832                                  * running, we need to forward this
4833                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4834                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4835
4836                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4837
4838                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4839                                 return -EIO;
4840                         }
4841
4842                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4843                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4844                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4845                 }
4846         }
4847
4848         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4849         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4850 }
4851
4852 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4853
4854         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4855                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4856                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4857                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4858                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4859                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4860                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4861                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4862                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4863         };
4864
4865         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4866
4867         return table[arg_action];
4868 }
4869
4870 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4871         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4872         DBusError error;
4873         int previous, rl, r;
4874         char
4875                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4876                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4877         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4878         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4879         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4880         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4881         DBusConnection *bus;
4882
4883         dbus_error_init(&error);
4884
4885         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4886                 return 0;
4887
4888         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4889                 previous = 'N';
4890
4891         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4892                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4893                         r = 0;
4894                         goto finish;
4895                 }
4896
4897                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4898                 r = -EIO;
4899                 goto finish;
4900         }
4901
4902         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4903                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4904                 goto finish;
4905         }
4906
4907         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4908                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4909                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4910                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4911                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4912
4913                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4914                 r = -ENOMEM;
4915                 goto finish;
4916         }
4917
4918         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4919
4920         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4921         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4922
4923         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4924             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4925             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4926             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4927             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4928             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4929                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4930                 r = -ENOMEM;
4931                 goto finish;
4932         }
4933
4934         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4935
4936                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4937                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4938                         goto finish;
4939                 }
4940
4941                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4942                 r = -EIO;
4943                 goto finish;
4944         }
4945
4946         r = 0;
4947
4948 finish:
4949         if (m)
4950                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4951
4952         if (reply)
4953                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4954
4955         if (bus) {
4956                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4957                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4958                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4959         }
4960
4961         dbus_error_free(&error);
4962
4963         return r;
4964 }
4965
4966 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4967         struct init_request request;
4968         int r, fd;
4969         char rl;
4970
4971         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4972                 return 0;
4973
4974         zero(request);
4975         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4976         request.sleeptime = 0;
4977         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4978         request.runlevel = rl;
4979
4980         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4981
4982                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4983                         return 0;
4984
4985                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4986                 return -errno;
4987         }
4988
4989         errno = 0;
4990         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4991         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4992
4993         if (r < 0) {
4994                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4995                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4996         }
4997
4998         return 1;
4999 }
5000
5001 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5002
5003         static const struct {
5004                 const char* verb;
5005                 const enum {
5006                         MORE,
5007                         LESS,
5008                         EQUAL
5009                 } argc_cmp;
5010                 const int argc;
5011                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
5012         } verbs[] = {
5013                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5014                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5015                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5016                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5017                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5018                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5019                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5020                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5021                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5022                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5023                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5024                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5025                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5026                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5027                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5028                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5029                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5030                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5031                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5032                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5033                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
5034                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5035                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5036                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5037                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5038                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5039                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5040                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5041                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5042                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5043                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5044                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5045                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5046                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5047                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5048                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5049                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5050                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5051                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5052                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5053                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5054                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
5055         };
5056
5057         int left;
5058         unsigned i;
5059
5060         assert(argc >= 0);
5061         assert(argv);
5062         assert(error);
5063
5064         left = argc - optind;
5065
5066         if (left <= 0)
5067                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5068                 i = 0;
5069         else {
5070                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5071                         systemctl_help();
5072                         return 0;
5073                 }
5074
5075                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5076                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5077                                 break;
5078
5079                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5080                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5081                         return -EINVAL;
5082                 }
5083         }
5084
5085         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5086
5087         case EQUAL:
5088                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5089                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5090                         return -EINVAL;
5091                 }
5092
5093                 break;
5094
5095         case MORE:
5096                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5097                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5098                         return -EINVAL;
5099                 }
5100
5101                 break;
5102
5103         case LESS:
5104                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5105                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5106                         return -EINVAL;
5107                 }
5108
5109                 break;
5110
5111         default:
5112                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5113         }
5114
5115         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5116          * enable/disable */
5117         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5118             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5119             !bus) {
5120                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
5121                 return -EIO;
5122         }
5123
5124         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
5125 }
5126
5127 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
5128         int fd = -1;
5129         struct msghdr msghdr;
5130         struct iovec iovec;
5131         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5132         struct shutdownd_command c;
5133
5134         zero(c);
5135         c.elapse = t;
5136         c.mode = mode;
5137         c.warn_wall = warn;
5138
5139         if (message)
5140                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
5141
5142         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
5143                 return -errno;
5144
5145         zero(sockaddr);
5146         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5147         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
5148         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
5149
5150         zero(iovec);
5151         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
5152         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
5153
5154         zero(msghdr);
5155         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5156         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
5157
5158         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
5159         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5160
5161         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5162                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5163                 return -errno;
5164         }
5165
5166         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5167         return 0;
5168 }
5169
5170 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5171
5172         if (bus) {
5173                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5174                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
5175                         return 0;
5176         }
5177
5178         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5179         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5180
5181         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5182                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5183                 return -errno;
5184         }
5185
5186         return 0;
5187 }
5188
5189 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5190
5191         if (bus) {
5192                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5193                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
5194                         goto done;
5195         }
5196
5197         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5198          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5199         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5200                 goto done;
5201
5202         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5203          * /dev/initctl */
5204         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5205                 goto done;
5206
5207         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5208         return -EIO;
5209
5210 done:
5211         warn_wall(arg_action);
5212         return 0;
5213 }
5214
5215 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5216         int r;
5217
5218         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5219                 log_error("Must be root.");
5220                 return -EPERM;
5221         }
5222
5223         if (arg_when > 0) {
5224                 char *m;
5225                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5226
5227                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5228                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5229                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5230                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5231                                                                    'r',
5232                                    !arg_no_wall,
5233                                    m);
5234                 free(m);
5235
5236                 if (r < 0)
5237                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5238                 else {
5239                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5240                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5241                         return 0;
5242                 }
5243         }
5244
5245         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
5246                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5247
5248         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5249                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5250                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5251                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
5252                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5253         }
5254
5255         if (!arg_no_sync)
5256                 sync();
5257
5258         if (arg_dry)
5259                 return 0;
5260
5261         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5262          * point on... */
5263         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5264
5265         switch (arg_action) {
5266
5267         case ACTION_HALT:
5268                 log_info("Halting.");
5269                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5270                 break;
5271
5272         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5273                 log_info("Powering off.");
5274                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5275                 break;
5276
5277         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5278                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5279                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5280                 break;
5281
5282         default:
5283                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5284         }
5285
5286         /* We should never reach this. */
5287         return -ENOSYS;
5288 }
5289
5290 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5291         int r, runlevel, previous;
5292
5293         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5294                 printf("unknown\n");
5295                 return r;
5296         }
5297
5298         printf("%c %c\n",
5299                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5300                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5301
5302         return 0;
5303 }
5304
5305 static void pager_open(void) {
5306         int fd[2];
5307         const char *pager;
5308
5309         if (pager_pid > 0)
5310                 return;
5311
5312         if (!on_tty() || arg_no_pager)
5313                 return;
5314
5315         if ((pager = getenv("PAGER")))
5316                 if (!*pager || streq(pager, "cat"))
5317                         return;
5318
5319         if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
5320                 log_error("Failed to create pager pipe: %m");
5321                 return;
5322         }
5323
5324         pager_pid = fork();
5325         if (pager_pid < 0) {
5326                 log_error("Failed to fork pager: %m");
5327                 close_pipe(fd);
5328                 return;
5329         }
5330
5331         /* In the child start the pager */
5332         if (pager_pid == 0) {
5333
5334                 dup2(fd[0], STDIN_FILENO);
5335                 close_pipe(fd);
5336
5337                 setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
5338
5339                 prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM);
5340
5341                 if (pager) {
5342                         execlp(pager, pager, NULL);
5343                         execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", pager, NULL);
5344                 } else {
5345                         /* Debian's alternatives command for pagers is
5346                          * called 'pager'. Note that we do not call
5347                          * sensible-pagers here, since that is just a
5348                          * shell script that implements a logic that
5349                          * is similar to this one anyway, but is
5350                          * Debian-specific. */
5351                         execlp("pager", "pager", NULL);
5352
5353                         execlp("less", "less", NULL);
5354                         execlp("more", "more", NULL);
5355                 }
5356
5357                 log_error("Unable to execute pager: %m");
5358                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5359         }
5360
5361         /* Return in the parent */
5362         if (dup2(fd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
5363                 log_error("Failed to duplicate pager pipe: %m");
5364
5365         close_pipe(fd);
5366 }
5367
5368 static void pager_close(void) {
5369         siginfo_t dummy;
5370
5371         if (pager_pid <= 0)
5372                 return;
5373
5374         /* Inform pager that we are done */
5375         fclose(stdout);
5376         wait_for_terminate(pager_pid, &dummy);
5377         pager_pid = 0;
5378 }
5379
5380 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5381         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5382         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5383         DBusError error;
5384
5385         dbus_error_init(&error);
5386
5387         log_parse_environment();
5388         log_open();
5389
5390         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5391                 goto finish;
5392         else if (r == 0) {
5393                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5394                 goto finish;
5395         }
5396
5397         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5398          * let's shortcut this */
5399         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5400                 r = runlevel_main();
5401                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5402                 goto finish;
5403         }
5404
5405         bus_connect(arg_user ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5406
5407         switch (arg_action) {
5408
5409         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5410                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5411                 break;
5412
5413         case ACTION_HALT:
5414         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5415         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5416                 r = halt_main(bus);
5417                 break;
5418
5419         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5420         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5421         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5422         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5423         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5424         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5425         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5426                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5427                 break;
5428
5429         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5430         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5431                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5432                 break;
5433
5434         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5435                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5436                 break;
5437
5438         case ACTION_INVALID:
5439         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5440         default:
5441                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5442         }
5443
5444         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5445
5446 finish:
5447
5448         if (bus) {
5449                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5450                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5451                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5452         }
5453
5454         dbus_error_free(&error);
5455
5456         dbus_shutdown();
5457
5458         strv_free(arg_property);
5459
5460         pager_close();
5461
5462         return retval;
5463 }