src/manager.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <string.h>
  25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
  28 #include <sys/wait.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <sys/poll.h>
  31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  33 #include <linux/kd.h>
  34 #include <termios.h>
  35 #include <fcntl.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/stat.h>
  38 #include <dirent.h>
  39
  40 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
  41 #include <libaudit.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #include "manager.h"
  45 #include "hashmap.h"
  46 #include "macro.h"
  47 #include "strv.h"
  48 #include "log.h"
  49 #include "util.h"
  50 #include "ratelimit.h"
  51 #include "cgroup.h"
  52 #include "mount-setup.h"
  53 #include "unit-name.h"
  54 #include "dbus-unit.h"
  55 #include "dbus-job.h"
  56 #include "missing.h"
  57 #include "path-lookup.h"
  58 #include "special.h"
  59 #include "bus-errors.h"
  60 #include "exit-status.h"
  61
  62 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  63 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
  64
  65 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  66 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
  67
  68 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
  69 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/run/systemd/notify"
  70 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
  71
  72 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
  73         union {
  74                 struct sockaddr sa;
  75                 struct sockaddr_un un;
  76         } sa;
  77         struct epoll_event ev;
  78         int one = 1;
  79
  80         assert(m);
  81
  82         m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
  83         if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
  84                 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
  85                 return -errno;
  86         }
  87
  88         zero(sa);
  89         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
  90
  91         if (getpid() != 1)
  92                 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
  93         else {
  94                 unlink(NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM);
  95                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
  96         }
  97
  98         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
  99                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
 100
 101         if (bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
 102                 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
 103                 return -errno;
 104         }
 105
 106         if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
 107                 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
 108                 return -errno;
 109         }
 110
 111         zero(ev);
 112         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 113         ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
 114
 115         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 116                 return -errno;
 117
 118         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
 119                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
 120
 121         if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
 122                 return -ENOMEM;
 123
 124         log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
 125
 126         return 0;
 127 }
 128
 129 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
 130         char fd;
 131
 132         assert(m);
 133
 134         /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
 135         if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
 136                 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
 137
 138         if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
 139                 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
 140         else {
 141                 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
 142                 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
 143                         log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
 144
 145                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 146         }
 147
 148         return 0;
 149 }
 150
 151 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
 152         sigset_t mask;
 153         struct epoll_event ev;
 154         struct sigaction sa;
 155
 156         assert(m);
 157
 158         /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
 159         zero(sa);
 160         sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 161         sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
 162         assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 163
 164         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
 165
 166         sigset_add_many(&mask,
 167                         SIGCHLD,     /* Child died */
 168                         SIGTERM,     /* Reexecute daemon */
 169                         SIGHUP,      /* Reload configuration */
 170                         SIGUSR1,     /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
 171                         SIGUSR2,     /* systemd: dump status */
 172                         SIGINT,      /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
 173                         SIGWINCH,    /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
 174                         SIGPWR,      /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
 175                         SIGRTMIN+0,  /* systemd: start default.target */
 176                         SIGRTMIN+1,  /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
 177                         SIGRTMIN+2,  /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
 178                         SIGRTMIN+3,  /* systemd: start halt.target */
 179                         SIGRTMIN+4,  /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
 180                         SIGRTMIN+5,  /* systemd: start reboot.target */
 181                         SIGRTMIN+6,  /* systemd: start kexec.target */
 182                         SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
 183                         SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
 184                         SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
 185                         SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
 186                         SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
 187                         SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
 188                         -1);
 189         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
 190
 191         m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
 192         if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 193                 return -errno;
 194
 195         zero(ev);
 196         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 197         ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
 198
 199         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 200                 return -errno;
 201
 202         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
 203                 return enable_special_signals(m);
 204
 205         return 0;
 206 }
 207
 208 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
 209         Manager *m;
 210         int r = -ENOMEM;
 211
 212         assert(_m);
 213         assert(running_as >= 0);
 214         assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
 215
 216         if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
 217                 return -ENOMEM;
 218
 219         dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
 220
 221         m->running_as = running_as;
 222         m->name_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
 223         m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
 224         m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
 225
 226 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 227         m->audit_fd = -1;
 228 #endif
 229
 230         m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
 231         m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
 232
 233         if (!(m->environment = strv_copy(environ)))
 234                 goto fail;
 235
 236         if (!(m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL)))
 237                 goto fail;
 238
 239         if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 240                 goto fail;
 241
 242         if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 243                 goto fail;
 244
 245         if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 246                 goto fail;
 247
 248         if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 249                 goto fail;
 250
 251         if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 252                 goto fail;
 253
 254         if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 255                 goto fail;
 256
 257         if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 258                 goto fail;
 259
 260         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
 261                 goto fail;
 262
 263         if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
 264                 goto fail;
 265
 266         if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
 267                 goto fail;
 268
 269         if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
 270                 goto fail;
 271
 272         /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
 273         if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
 274                 goto fail;
 275
 276 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 277         if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0)
 278                 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
 279 #endif
 280
 281         *_m = m;
 282         return 0;
 283
 284 fail:
 285         manager_free(m);
 286         return r;
 287 }
 288
 289 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
 290         Meta *meta;
 291         unsigned n = 0;
 292
 293         assert(m);
 294
 295         while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
 296                 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
 297
 298                 unit_free((Unit*) meta);
 299                 n++;
 300         }
 301
 302         return n;
 303 }
 304
 305 enum {
 306         GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH,  /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
 307         GC_OFFSET_UNSURE,   /* No clue */
 308         GC_OFFSET_GOOD,     /* We still need this unit */
 309         GC_OFFSET_BAD,      /* We don't need this unit anymore */
 310         _GC_OFFSET_MAX
 311 };
 312
 313 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
 314         Iterator i;
 315         Unit *other;
 316         bool is_bad;
 317
 318         assert(u);
 319
 320         if (u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
 321             u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 322             u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
 323                 return;
 324
 325         if (u->meta.in_cleanup_queue)
 326                 goto bad;
 327
 328         if (unit_check_gc(u))
 329                 goto good;
 330
 331         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
 332
 333         is_bad = true;
 334
 335         SET_FOREACH(other, u->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
 336                 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
 337
 338                 if (other->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
 339                         goto good;
 340
 341                 if (other->meta.gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
 342                         is_bad = false;
 343         }
 344
 345         if (is_bad)
 346                 goto bad;
 347
 348         /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
 349          * let's investigate it later */
 350         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
 351         unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
 352         return;
 353
 354 bad:
 355         /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
 356          * let's mark it for deletion */
 357         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 358         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
 359         return;
 360
 361 good:
 362         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
 363 }
 364
 365 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
 366         Meta *meta;
 367         unsigned n = 0;
 368         unsigned gc_marker;
 369
 370         assert(m);
 371
 372         if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
 373             (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
 374              (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
 375                 return 0;
 376
 377         log_debug("Running GC...");
 378
 379         m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
 380         if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
 381                 m->gc_marker = 1;
 382
 383         gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
 384
 385         while ((meta = m->gc_queue)) {
 386                 assert(meta->in_gc_queue);
 387
 388                 unit_gc_sweep((Unit*) meta, gc_marker);
 389
 390                 LIST_REMOVE(Meta, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, meta);
 391                 meta->in_gc_queue = false;
 392
 393                 n++;
 394
 395                 if (meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 396                     meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
 397                         log_debug("Collecting %s", meta->id);
 398                         meta->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 399                         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue((Unit*) meta);
 400                 }
 401         }
 402
 403         m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
 404         m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
 405
 406         return n;
 407 }
 408
 409 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
 410         Job *j;
 411         Unit *u;
 412
 413         assert(m);
 414
 415         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 416                 job_free(j);
 417
 418         while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
 419                 unit_free(u);
 420
 421         manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
 422
 423         assert(!m->load_queue);
 424         assert(!m->run_queue);
 425         assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
 426         assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
 427         assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
 428         assert(!m->gc_queue);
 429
 430         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 431         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
 432         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
 433 }
 434
 435 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
 436         UnitType c;
 437
 438         assert(m);
 439
 440         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
 441
 442         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 443                 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
 444                         unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
 445
 446         /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
 447          * around */
 448         manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
 449
 450         manager_undo_generators(m);
 451
 452         bus_done(m);
 453
 454         hashmap_free(m->units);
 455         hashmap_free(m->jobs);
 456         hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
 457         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
 458         hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
 459
 460         if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
 461                 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
 462         if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
 463                 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
 464         if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
 465                 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
 466
 467 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 468         if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
 469                 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
 470 #endif
 471
 472         free(m->notify_socket);
 473
 474         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
 475         strv_free(m->environment);
 476
 477         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
 478
 479         hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
 480         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 481
 482         free(m);
 483 }
 484
 485 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
 486         int r = 0, q;
 487         UnitType c;
 488
 489         assert(m);
 490
 491         /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
 492          * that it might know */
 493         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 494                 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
 495                         if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
 496                                 r = q;
 497
 498         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
 499         return r;
 500 }
 501
 502 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
 503         int r = 0, q;
 504         Iterator i;
 505         Unit *u;
 506         char *k;
 507
 508         assert(m);
 509
 510         /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
 511         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
 512
 513                 /* ignore aliases */
 514                 if (u->meta.id != k)
 515                         continue;
 516
 517                 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
 518                         r = q;
 519         }
 520
 521         return r;
 522 }
 523
 524 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
 525         char **i;
 526         DIR *d = NULL;
 527         int r;
 528
 529         assert(m);
 530
 531         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 532
 533         if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
 534                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
 535                 return;
 536         }
 537
 538         /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
 539          * we don't always have to go to disk */
 540
 541         STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
 542                 struct dirent *de;
 543
 544                 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
 545                         log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
 546                         continue;
 547                 }
 548
 549                 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
 550                         char *p;
 551
 552                         if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
 553                                 continue;
 554
 555                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, de->d_name) < 0) {
 556                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 557                                 goto fail;
 558                         }
 559
 560                         if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
 561                                 free(p);
 562                                 goto fail;
 563                         }
 564                 }
 565
 566                 closedir(d);
 567                 d = NULL;
 568         }
 569
 570         return;
 571
 572 fail:
 573         log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
 574
 575         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 576         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
 577
 578         if (d)
 579                 closedir(d);
 580 }
 581
 582 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
 583         int r, q;
 584
 585         assert(m);
 586
 587         manager_run_generators(m);
 588
 589         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
 590
 591         /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
 592          * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
 593          * already */
 594         if (serialization)
 595                 m->n_deserializing ++;
 596
 597         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
 598         r = manager_enumerate(m);
 599
 600         /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
 601         if (serialization)
 602                 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
 603                         r = q;
 604
 605         /* Third, fire things up! */
 606         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
 607                 r = q;
 608
 609         if (serialization) {
 610                 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
 611                 m->n_deserializing --;
 612         }
 613
 614         return r;
 615 }
 616
 617 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
 618         assert(m);
 619         assert(j);
 620
 621         /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
 622
 623         manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
 624
 625         if (!j->installed)
 626                 job_free(j);
 627 }
 628
 629 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
 630         Job *j;
 631
 632         /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
 633          * transaction */
 634
 635         while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
 636                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 637 }
 638
 639 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
 640         Iterator i;
 641         Job *j;
 642
 643         assert(m);
 644
 645         /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
 646
 647         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
 648                 while (j->subject_list)
 649                         job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
 650                 while (j->object_list)
 651                         job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
 652         }
 653
 654         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
 655 }
 656
 657 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
 658         Job *j;
 659
 660         assert(m);
 661
 662         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 663                 if (j->installed)
 664                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 665                 else
 666                         job_free(j);
 667
 668         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 669
 670         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
 671 }
 672
 673 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
 674         JobDependency *l;
 675
 676         assert(m);
 677
 678         /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
 679          * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
 680          * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
 681          * are fully marked as mattering. */
 682
 683         if (j)
 684                 l = j->subject_list;
 685         else
 686                 l = m->transaction_anchor;
 687
 688         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
 689
 690                 /* This link does not matter */
 691                 if (!l->matters)
 692                         continue;
 693
 694                 /* This unit has already been marked */
 695                 if (l->object->generation == generation)
 696                         continue;
 697
 698                 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
 699                 l->object->generation = generation;
 700
 701                 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
 702         }
 703 }
 704
 705 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
 706         JobDependency *l, *last;
 707
 708         assert(j);
 709         assert(other);
 710         assert(j->unit == other->unit);
 711         assert(!j->installed);
 712
 713         /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
 714
 715         j->type = t;
 716         j->state = JOB_WAITING;
 717         j->override = j->override || other->override;
 718
 719         j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
 720
 721         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 722         last = NULL;
 723         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
 724                 assert(l->subject == other);
 725                 l->subject = j;
 726                 last = l;
 727         }
 728
 729         /* Merge both lists */
 730         if (last) {
 731                 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
 732                 if (j->subject_list)
 733                         j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
 734                 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
 735         }
 736
 737         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 738         last = NULL;
 739         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
 740                 assert(l->object == other);
 741                 l->object = j;
 742                 last = l;
 743         }
 744
 745         /* Merge both lists */
 746         if (last) {
 747                 last->object_next = j->object_list;
 748                 if (j->object_list)
 749                         j->object_list->object_prev = last;
 750                 j->object_list = other->object_list;
 751         }
 752
 753         /* Kill the other job */
 754         other->subject_list = NULL;
 755         other->object_list = NULL;
 756         transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
 757 }
 758 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
 759         JobDependency *l;
 760
 761         assert(j);
 762
 763         /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
 764          * ConflictedBy dependency. */
 765
 766         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
 767                 if (l->conflicts)
 768                         return true;
 769
 770         return false;
 771 }
 772
 773 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
 774         Job *k;
 775
 776         assert(j);
 777
 778         /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
 779          * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
 780          * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
 781          * transaction work. */
 782
 783         /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
 784          * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
 785         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 786                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 787                         Job *d;
 788
 789                         /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
 790                         if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
 791                                 continue;
 792
 793                         /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
 794                          * drop one of them */
 795                         if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
 796
 797                                 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
 798                                  * find the one that is smarter to
 799                                  * remove. Let's think positive and
 800                                  * rather remove stops then starts --
 801                                  * except if something is being
 802                                  * stopped because it is conflicted by
 803                                  * another unit in which case we
 804                                  * rather remove the start. */
 805
 806                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
 807                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
 808
 809                                 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
 810
 811                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
 812                                                 d = k;
 813                                         else
 814                                                 d = j;
 815
 816                                 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
 817
 818                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
 819                                                 d = j;
 820                                         else
 821                                                 d = k;
 822                                 } else
 823                                         d = j;
 824
 825                         } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
 826                                 d = j;
 827                         else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
 828                                 d = k;
 829                         else
 830                                 return -ENOEXEC;
 831
 832                         /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
 833                         log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
 834                         transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
 835                         return 0;
 836                 }
 837
 838         return -EINVAL;
 839 }
 840
 841 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
 842         Job *j;
 843         Iterator i;
 844         int r;
 845
 846         assert(m);
 847
 848         /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
 849          * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
 850         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 851                 JobType t;
 852                 Job *k;
 853
 854                 t = j->type;
 855                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 856                         if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
 857                                 continue;
 858
 859                         /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
 860                          * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
 861                          * of them */
 862
 863                         if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
 864                                 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
 865                                  * let's ask our callers to call us
 866                                  * again after garbage collecting */
 867                                 return -EAGAIN;
 868
 869                         /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
 870                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
 871                                        job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->meta.id);
 872                         return r;
 873                 }
 874         }
 875
 876         /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
 877         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 878                 JobType t = j->type;
 879                 Job *k;
 880
 881                 /* Merge all transactions */
 882                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
 883                         assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
 884
 885                 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
 886                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
 887                         job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
 888
 889                 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
 890                         if (j->installed) {
 891                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
 892                                 j = k;
 893                         } else
 894                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
 895                 }
 896
 897                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 898                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 899         }
 900
 901         return 0;
 902 }
 903
 904 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
 905         bool again;
 906
 907         assert(m);
 908
 909         /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
 910          * a noop */
 911
 912         do {
 913                 Job *j;
 914                 Iterator i;
 915
 916                 again = false;
 917
 918                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 919                         bool changes_something = false;
 920                         Job *k;
 921
 922                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
 923
 924                                 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
 925                                     (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
 926                                     (!k->unit->meta.job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->meta.job->type)))
 927                                         continue;
 928
 929                                 changes_something = true;
 930                                 break;
 931                         }
 932
 933                         if (changes_something)
 934                                 continue;
 935
 936                         /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
 937                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
 938                         again = true;
 939                         break;
 940                 }
 941
 942         } while (again);
 943 }
 944
 945 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
 946         assert(u);
 947         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 948
 949         /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
 950          * matters to the anchor. */
 951
 952         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 953                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
 954                         return true;
 955
 956         return false;
 957 }
 958
 959 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
 960         Iterator i;
 961         Unit *u;
 962         int r;
 963
 964         assert(m);
 965         assert(j);
 966         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 967
 968         /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
 969          * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
 970
 971         /* Have we seen this before? */
 972         if (j->generation == generation) {
 973                 Job *k, *delete;
 974
 975                 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
 976                  * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
 977                  * shortcut things and return right-away. */
 978                 if (!j->marker)
 979                         return 0;
 980
 981                 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
 982                  * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
 983                  * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
 984                  * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
 985                  * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
 986                  * in there. */
 987                 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
 988
 989                 delete = NULL;
 990                 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
 991
 992                         log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
 993
 994                         if (!delete &&
 995                             !k->installed &&
 996                             !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
 997                                 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
 998                                  * do so. */
 999                                 delete = k;
1000                         }
1001
1002                         /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1003                          * the cycle */
1004                         if (k == j)
1005                                 break;
1006                 }
1007
1008
1009                 if (delete) {
1010                         log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1011                         transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1012                         return -EAGAIN;
1013                 }
1014
1015                 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1016
1017                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1018                 return -ENOEXEC;
1019         }
1020
1021         /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1022          * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1023          * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1024          * ourselves. */
1025         j->marker = from ? from : j;
1026         j->generation = generation;
1027
1028         /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1029          * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1030         SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1031                 Job *o;
1032
1033                 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1034                 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1035
1036                         /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1037                          * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1038                          * running? */
1039                         if (!(o = u->meta.job))
1040                                 continue;
1041
1042                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1043                         return r;
1044         }
1045
1046         /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1047          * our path anymore. */
1048         j->marker = NULL;
1049
1050         return 0;
1051 }
1052
1053 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1054         Job *j;
1055         int r;
1056         Iterator i;
1057         unsigned g;
1058
1059         assert(m);
1060         assert(generation);
1061
1062         /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1063          * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1064
1065         g = (*generation)++;
1066
1067         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1068                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1069                         return r;
1070
1071         return 0;
1072 }
1073
1074 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1075         bool again;
1076
1077         assert(m);
1078
1079         /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1080
1081         do {
1082                 Iterator i;
1083                 Job *j;
1084
1085                 again = false;
1086
1087                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1088                         if (j->object_list) {
1089                                 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1090                                 /*           j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1091                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->meta.id : "root", */
1092                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1093                                 continue;
1094                         }
1095
1096                         /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1097                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1098                         again = true;
1099                         break;
1100                 }
1101
1102         } while (again);
1103 }
1104
1105 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1106         Iterator i;
1107         Job *j;
1108
1109         assert(m);
1110
1111         /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1112          * existing jobs would be replaced */
1113
1114         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1115
1116                 /* Assume merged */
1117                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1118                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1119
1120                 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
1121                     j->unit->meta.job != j &&
1122                     !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type)) {
1123
1124                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1125                         return -EEXIST;
1126                 }
1127         }
1128
1129         return 0;
1130 }
1131
1132 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1133         bool again;
1134         assert(m);
1135
1136         /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1137          * or that stop a running service. */
1138
1139         do {
1140                 Job *j;
1141                 Iterator i;
1142
1143                 again = false;
1144
1145                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1146                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1147                                 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1148
1149                                 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1150                                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1151                                         continue;
1152
1153                                 /* Would this stop a running service?
1154                                  * Would this change an existing job?
1155                                  * If so, let's drop this entry */
1156
1157                                 stops_running_service =
1158                                         j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1159
1160                                 changes_existing_job =
1161                                         j->unit->meta.job &&
1162                                         job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type);
1163
1164                                 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1165                                         continue;
1166
1167                                 if (stops_running_service)
1168                                         log_info("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1169
1170                                 if (changes_existing_job)
1171                                         log_info("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1172
1173                                 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1174                                 log_info("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1175
1176                                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1177                                 again = true;
1178                                 break;
1179                         }
1180
1181                         if (again)
1182                                 break;
1183                 }
1184
1185         } while (again);
1186 }
1187
1188 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m) {
1189         Iterator i;
1190         Job *j;
1191         int r;
1192
1193         /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1194
1195         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1196                 /* Assume merged */
1197                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1198                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1199
1200                 if (j->installed)
1201                         continue;
1202
1203                 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1204                         goto rollback;
1205         }
1206
1207         while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1208                 if (j->installed) {
1209                         /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1210                         continue;
1211                 }
1212
1213                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
1214                         job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
1215
1216                 j->unit->meta.job = j;
1217                 j->installed = true;
1218                 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1219
1220                 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1221                  * need anymore. */
1222
1223                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1224                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1225
1226                 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1227                 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1228                 job_start_timer(j);
1229
1230                 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1231         }
1232
1233         /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1234         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1235
1236         return 0;
1237
1238 rollback:
1239
1240         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1241                 if (j->installed)
1242                         continue;
1243
1244                 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1245         }
1246
1247         return r;
1248 }
1249
1250 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1251         int r;
1252         unsigned generation = 1;
1253
1254         assert(m);
1255
1256         /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1257          * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1258
1259         /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1260         transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1261
1262         /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1263          * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1264          * jobs if we don't have to. */
1265         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1266                 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1267
1268         /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1269         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1270
1271         for (;;) {
1272                 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1273                  * be lurking. */
1274                 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1275
1276                 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1277                  * cycles if necessary and possible */
1278                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1279                         break;
1280
1281                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1282                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1283                         goto rollback;
1284                 }
1285
1286                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1287                  * graph is still cyclic... */
1288         }
1289
1290         for (;;) {
1291                 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1292                  * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1293                  * merge */
1294                 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1295                         break;
1296
1297                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1298                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1299                         goto rollback;
1300                 }
1301
1302                 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1303                  * collect its dependencies. */
1304                 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1305
1306                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1307                  * unmergeable entries ... */
1308         }
1309
1310         /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1311         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1312
1313         /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1314         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1315                 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1316                         log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1317                         goto rollback;
1318                 }
1319
1320         /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1321         if ((r = transaction_apply(m)) < 0) {
1322                 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1323                 goto rollback;
1324         }
1325
1326         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1327         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1328
1329         return 0;
1330
1331 rollback:
1332         transaction_abort(m);
1333         return r;
1334 }
1335
1336 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1337         Job *j, *f;
1338
1339         assert(m);
1340         assert(unit);
1341
1342         /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1343          * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1344          * jobs list. */
1345
1346         f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1347
1348         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1349                 assert(j->unit == unit);
1350
1351                 if (j->type == type) {
1352                         if (is_new)
1353                                 *is_new = false;
1354                         return j;
1355                 }
1356         }
1357
1358         if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1359                 j = unit->meta.job;
1360         else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1361                 return NULL;
1362
1363         j->generation = 0;
1364         j->marker = NULL;
1365         j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1366         j->override = override;
1367
1368         LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1369
1370         if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1371                 job_free(j);
1372                 return NULL;
1373         }
1374
1375         if (is_new)
1376                 *is_new = true;
1377
1378         /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1379
1380         return j;
1381 }
1382
1383 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1384         assert(m);
1385         assert(j);
1386
1387         if (j->transaction_prev)
1388                 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1389         else if (j->transaction_next)
1390                 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1391         else
1392                 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1393
1394         if (j->transaction_next)
1395                 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1396
1397         j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1398
1399         while (j->subject_list)
1400                 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1401
1402         while (j->object_list) {
1403                 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1404
1405                 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1406
1407                 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1408                         log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1409                                   other->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1410                                   j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1411                         transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1412                 }
1413         }
1414 }
1415
1416 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1417                 Manager *m,
1418                 JobType type,
1419                 Unit *unit,
1420                 Job *by,
1421                 bool matters,
1422                 bool override,
1423                 bool conflicts,
1424                 bool ignore_deps,
1425                 DBusError *e,
1426                 Job **_ret) {
1427         Job *ret;
1428         Iterator i;
1429         Unit *dep;
1430         int r;
1431         bool is_new;
1432
1433         assert(m);
1434         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1435         assert(unit);
1436
1437         /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1438         /*           unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1439         /*           by ? by->unit->meta.id : "NA", */
1440         /*           by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1441
1442         if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1443             unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1444             unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1445                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->meta.id);
1446                 return -EINVAL;
1447         }
1448
1449         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1450                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1451                                "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1452                                "See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.",
1453                                unit->meta.id,
1454                                strerror(-unit->meta.load_error));
1455                 return -EINVAL;
1456         }
1457
1458         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1459                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->meta.id);
1460                 return -EINVAL;
1461         }
1462
1463         if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1464                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->meta.id);
1465                 return -EBADR;
1466         }
1467
1468         /* First add the job. */
1469         if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1470                 return -ENOMEM;
1471
1472         ret->ignore_deps = ret->ignore_deps || ignore_deps;
1473
1474         /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1475         if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1476                 return -ENOMEM;
1477
1478         if (is_new && !ignore_deps) {
1479                 Set *following;
1480
1481                 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1482                  * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1483                 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1484                         SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1485                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1486                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1487
1488                                         if (e)
1489                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1490                                 }
1491
1492                         set_free(following);
1493                 }
1494
1495                 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1496                 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1497                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1498                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1499                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1500                                                 goto fail;
1501
1502                                         if (e)
1503                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1504                                 }
1505
1506                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1507                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1508
1509                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1510                                                 goto fail;
1511
1512                                         if (e)
1513                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1514                                 }
1515
1516                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1517                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1518                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1519
1520                                         if (e)
1521                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1522                                 }
1523
1524                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1525                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1526                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1527
1528                                         if (e)
1529                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1530                                 }
1531
1532                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1533                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1534
1535                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1536                                                 goto fail;
1537
1538                                         if (e)
1539                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1540                                 }
1541
1542                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1543                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1544                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1545
1546                                         if (e)
1547                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1548                                 }
1549
1550                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1551                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1552
1553                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1554                                                 goto fail;
1555
1556                                         if (e)
1557                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1558                                 }
1559
1560                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1561                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1562                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1563
1564                                         if (e)
1565                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1566                                 }
1567
1568                 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1569
1570                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1571                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1572
1573                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1574                                                 goto fail;
1575
1576                                         if (e)
1577                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1578                                 }
1579
1580                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1581                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1582
1583                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1584                                                 goto fail;
1585
1586                                         if (e)
1587                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1588                                 }
1589                 }
1590
1591                 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1592         }
1593
1594         if (_ret)
1595                 *_ret = ret;
1596
1597         return 0;
1598
1599 fail:
1600         return r;
1601 }
1602
1603 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1604         Iterator i;
1605         Unit *u;
1606         char *k;
1607         int r;
1608
1609         assert(m);
1610
1611         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1612
1613                 /* ignore aliases */
1614                 if (u->meta.id != k)
1615                         continue;
1616
1617                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->no_isolate)
1618                         continue;
1619
1620                 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1621                 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->meta.job)
1622                         continue;
1623
1624                 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1625                 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1626                         continue;
1627
1628                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1629                         log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->meta.id, strerror(-r));
1630         }
1631
1632         return 0;
1633 }
1634
1635 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1636         int r;
1637         Job *ret;
1638
1639         assert(m);
1640         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1641         assert(unit);
1642         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1643
1644         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1645                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1646                 return -EINVAL;
1647         }
1648
1649         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->meta.allow_isolate) {
1650                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1651                 return -EPERM;
1652         }
1653
1654         log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1655
1656         if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false, mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1657                 transaction_abort(m);
1658                 return r;
1659         }
1660
1661         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1662                 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1663                         transaction_abort(m);
1664                         return r;
1665                 }
1666
1667         if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1668                 return r;
1669
1670         log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1671
1672         if (_ret)
1673                 *_ret = ret;
1674
1675         return 0;
1676 }
1677
1678 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1679         Unit *unit;
1680         int r;
1681
1682         assert(m);
1683         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1684         assert(name);
1685         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1686
1687         if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1688                 return r;
1689
1690         return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1691 }
1692
1693 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1694         assert(m);
1695
1696         return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1697 }
1698
1699 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1700         assert(m);
1701         assert(name);
1702
1703         return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1704 }
1705
1706 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1707         Meta *meta;
1708         unsigned n = 0;
1709
1710         assert(m);
1711
1712         /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1713         if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1714                 return 0;
1715
1716         m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1717
1718         /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1719          * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1720
1721         while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1722                 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1723
1724                 unit_load((Unit*) meta);
1725                 n++;
1726         }
1727
1728         m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1729         return n;
1730 }
1731
1732 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1733         Unit *ret;
1734         int r;
1735
1736         assert(m);
1737         assert(name || path);
1738
1739         /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1740          * load anything from disk. */
1741
1742         if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1743                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1744                 return -EINVAL;
1745         }
1746
1747         if (!name)
1748                 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1749
1750         if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, false)) {
1751                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1752                 return -EINVAL;
1753         }
1754
1755         if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1756                 *_ret = ret;
1757                 return 1;
1758         }
1759
1760         if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1761                 return -ENOMEM;
1762
1763         if (path)
1764                 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1765                         unit_free(ret);
1766                         return -ENOMEM;
1767                 }
1768
1769         if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1770                 unit_free(ret);
1771                 return r;
1772         }
1773
1774         unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1775         unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1776         unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1777
1778         if (_ret)
1779                 *_ret = ret;
1780
1781         return 0;
1782 }
1783
1784 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1785         int r;
1786
1787         assert(m);
1788
1789         /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1790          * start any services or anything. */
1791
1792         if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1793                 return r;
1794
1795         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1796
1797         if (_ret)
1798                 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1799
1800         return 0;
1801 }
1802
1803 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1804         Iterator i;
1805         Job *j;
1806
1807         assert(s);
1808         assert(f);
1809
1810         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1811                 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1812 }
1813
1814 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1815         Iterator i;
1816         Unit *u;
1817         const char *t;
1818
1819         assert(s);
1820         assert(f);
1821
1822         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1823                 if (u->meta.id == t)
1824                         unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1825 }
1826
1827 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1828         Job *j;
1829
1830         assert(m);
1831
1832         transaction_abort(m);
1833
1834         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1835                 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1836 }
1837
1838 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1839         Job *j;
1840         unsigned n = 0;
1841
1842         if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1843                 return 0;
1844
1845         m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1846
1847         while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1848                 assert(j->installed);
1849                 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1850
1851                 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1852                 n++;
1853         }
1854
1855         m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1856         return n;
1857 }
1858
1859 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1860         Job *j;
1861         Meta *meta;
1862         unsigned n = 0;
1863
1864         assert(m);
1865
1866         if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1867                 return 0;
1868
1869         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1870
1871         while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1872                 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1873
1874                 bus_unit_send_change_signal((Unit*) meta);
1875                 n++;
1876         }
1877
1878         while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1879                 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1880
1881                 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1882                 n++;
1883         }
1884
1885         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1886         return n;
1887 }
1888
1889 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1890         ssize_t n;
1891
1892         assert(m);
1893
1894         for (;;) {
1895                 char buf[4096];
1896                 struct msghdr msghdr;
1897                 struct iovec iovec;
1898                 struct ucred *ucred;
1899                 union {
1900                         struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1901                         uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1902                 } control;
1903                 Unit *u;
1904                 char **tags;
1905
1906                 zero(iovec);
1907                 iovec.iov_base = buf;
1908                 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
1909
1910                 zero(control);
1911                 zero(msghdr);
1912                 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
1913                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1914                 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
1915                 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
1916
1917                 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
1918                         if (n >= 0)
1919                                 return -EIO;
1920
1921                         if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
1922                                 break;
1923
1924                         return -errno;
1925                 }
1926
1927                 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
1928                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
1929                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
1930                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1931                         log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
1932                         continue;
1933                 }
1934
1935                 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
1936
1937                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
1938                         if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
1939                                 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
1940                                 continue;
1941                         }
1942
1943                 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
1944                 buf[n] = 0;
1945                 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
1946                         return -ENOMEM;
1947
1948                 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->meta.id);
1949
1950                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1951                         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
1952
1953                 strv_free(tags);
1954         }
1955
1956         return 0;
1957 }
1958
1959 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1960         assert(m);
1961
1962         for (;;) {
1963                 siginfo_t si;
1964                 Unit *u;
1965                 int r;
1966
1967                 zero(si);
1968
1969                 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1970                  * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1971                  * it while it is a zombie. */
1972                 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1973
1974                         if (errno == ECHILD)
1975                                 break;
1976
1977                         if (errno == EINTR)
1978                                 continue;
1979
1980                         return -errno;
1981                 }
1982
1983                 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
1984                         break;
1985
1986                 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
1987                         char *name = NULL;
1988
1989                         get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
1990                         log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
1991                         free(name);
1992                 }
1993
1994                 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
1995                  * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
1996                  * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
1997                  * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
1998                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
1999                         return r;
2000
2001                 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2002                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2003                         u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2004
2005                 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2006                 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2007                         if (errno == EINTR)
2008                                 continue;
2009
2010                         return -errno;
2011                 }
2012
2013                 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2014                         continue;
2015
2016                 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2017                           (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2018                           sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2019                           si.si_status,
2020                           strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2021                                 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2022                                 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2023
2024                 if (!u)
2025                         continue;
2026
2027                 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->meta.id);
2028
2029                 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2030                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2031         }
2032
2033         return 0;
2034 }
2035
2036 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2037         int r;
2038         DBusError error;
2039
2040         dbus_error_init(&error);
2041
2042         log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2043
2044         if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2045                 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2046
2047         dbus_error_free(&error);
2048
2049         return r;
2050 }
2051
2052 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2053         ssize_t n;
2054         struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2055         bool sigchld = false;
2056
2057         assert(m);
2058
2059         for (;;) {
2060                 char *p = NULL;
2061
2062                 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2063
2064                         if (n >= 0)
2065                                 return -EIO;
2066
2067                         if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2068                                 break;
2069
2070                         return -errno;
2071                 }
2072
2073                 if (sfsi.ssi_pid > 0)
2074                         get_process_name(sfsi.ssi_pid, &p);
2075
2076                 log_debug("Received SIG%s from PID %lu (%s)",
2077                           strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)),
2078                           (unsigned long) sfsi.ssi_pid, strna(p));
2079                 free(p);
2080
2081                 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2082
2083                 case SIGCHLD:
2084                         sigchld = true;
2085                         break;
2086
2087                 case SIGTERM:
2088                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2089                                 /* This is for compatibility with the
2090                                  * original sysvinit */
2091                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2092                                 break;
2093                         }
2094
2095                         /* Fall through */
2096
2097                 case SIGINT:
2098                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2099                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2100                                 break;
2101                         }
2102
2103                         /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2104                         if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2105                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2106                                 return 0;
2107                         }
2108
2109                         break;
2110
2111                 case SIGWINCH:
2112                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2113                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2114
2115                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2116                         break;
2117
2118                 case SIGPWR:
2119                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2120                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2121
2122                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2123                         break;
2124
2125                 case SIGUSR1: {
2126                         Unit *u;
2127
2128                         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2129
2130                         if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2131                                 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2132                                 bus_init(m, true);
2133                         }
2134
2135                         if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2136                                 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2137                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2138                         }
2139
2140                         break;
2141                 }
2142
2143                 case SIGUSR2: {
2144                         FILE *f;
2145                         char *dump = NULL;
2146                         size_t size;
2147
2148                         if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2149                                 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2150                                 break;
2151                         }
2152
2153                         manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2154                         manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2155
2156                         if (ferror(f)) {
2157                                 fclose(f);
2158                                 free(dump);
2159                                 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2160                                 break;
2161                         }
2162
2163                         fclose(f);
2164                         log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2165                         free(dump);
2166
2167                         break;
2168                 }
2169
2170                 case SIGHUP:
2171                         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2172                         break;
2173
2174                 default: {
2175                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2176                         static const char * const target_table[] = {
2177                                 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2178                                 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2179                                 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2180                                 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2181                                 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2182                                 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2183                                 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2184                         };
2185
2186                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2187                         static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2188                                 [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
2189                                 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2190                                 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2191                                 [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC
2192                         };
2193
2194                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2195                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2196                                 manager_start_target(m, target_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN],
2197                                                      (sfsi.ssi_signo == 1 || sfsi.ssi_signo == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2198                                 break;
2199                         }
2200
2201                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2202                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2203                                 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2204                                 break;
2205                         }
2206
2207                         switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2208
2209                         case 20:
2210                                 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2211                                 m->show_status = true;
2212                                 break;
2213
2214                         case 21:
2215                                 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2216                                 m->show_status = false;
2217                                 break;
2218
2219                         default:
2220                                 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2221                         }
2222                 }
2223                 }
2224         }
2225
2226         if (sigchld)
2227                 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2228
2229         return 0;
2230 }
2231
2232 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2233         int r;
2234         Watch *w;
2235
2236         assert(m);
2237         assert(ev);
2238
2239         assert(w = ev->data.ptr);
2240
2241         if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2242                 return 0;
2243
2244         switch (w->type) {
2245
2246         case WATCH_SIGNAL:
2247
2248                 /* An incoming signal? */
2249                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2250                         return -EINVAL;
2251
2252                 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2253                         return r;
2254
2255                 break;
2256
2257         case WATCH_NOTIFY:
2258
2259                 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2260                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2261                         return -EINVAL;
2262
2263                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2264                         return r;
2265
2266                 break;
2267
2268         case WATCH_FD:
2269
2270                 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2271                 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2272                 break;
2273
2274         case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2275         case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2276                 uint64_t v;
2277                 ssize_t k;
2278
2279                 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2280                 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2281
2282                         if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2283                                 break;
2284
2285                         return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2286                 }
2287
2288                 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2289                         UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2290                 else
2291                         job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2292                 break;
2293         }
2294
2295         case WATCH_MOUNT:
2296                 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2297                 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2298                 break;
2299
2300         case WATCH_SWAP:
2301                 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2302                 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2303                 break;
2304
2305         case WATCH_UDEV:
2306                 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2307                 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2308                 break;
2309
2310         case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2311                 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2312                 break;
2313
2314         case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2315                 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2316                 break;
2317
2318         default:
2319                 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2320                 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2321         }
2322
2323         return 0;
2324 }
2325
2326 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2327         int r;
2328
2329         RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 1000);
2330
2331         assert(m);
2332         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2333
2334         /* Release the path cache */
2335         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2336         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2337
2338         manager_check_finished(m);
2339
2340         /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2341          * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2342         if ((r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m)) < 0)
2343                 return r;
2344
2345         while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2346                 struct epoll_event event;
2347                 int n;
2348
2349                 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2350                         /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2351                         log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2352                         sleep(1);
2353                 }
2354
2355                 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2356                         continue;
2357
2358                 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2359                         continue;
2360
2361                 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2362                         continue;
2363
2364                 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2365                         continue;
2366
2367                 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2368                         continue;
2369
2370                 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2371                         continue;
2372
2373                 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2374                         continue;
2375
2376                 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
2377
2378                         if (errno == EINTR)
2379                                 continue;
2380
2381                         return -errno;
2382                 }
2383
2384                 assert(n == 1);
2385
2386                 if ((r = process_event(m, &event)) < 0)
2387                         return r;
2388         }
2389
2390         return m->exit_code;
2391 }
2392
2393 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2394         char *n;
2395         Unit *u;
2396
2397         assert(m);
2398         assert(s);
2399         assert(_u);
2400
2401         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2402                 return -EINVAL;
2403
2404         if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2405                 return -ENOMEM;
2406
2407         u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2408         free(n);
2409
2410         if (!u)
2411                 return -ENOENT;
2412
2413         *_u = u;
2414
2415         return 0;
2416 }
2417
2418 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2419         Job *j;
2420         unsigned id;
2421         int r;
2422
2423         assert(m);
2424         assert(s);
2425         assert(_j);
2426
2427         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2428                 return -EINVAL;
2429
2430         if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2431                 return r;
2432
2433         if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2434                 return -ENOENT;
2435
2436         *_j = j;
2437
2438         return 0;
2439 }
2440
2441 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2442
2443 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
2444         char *p;
2445
2446         if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2447                 return;
2448
2449         /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2450          * started and we're just deserializing */
2451         if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2452                 return;
2453
2454         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2455                 return;
2456
2457         if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE)
2458                 return;
2459
2460         if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->meta.id))) {
2461                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2462                 return;
2463         }
2464
2465         if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2466                 log_warning("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2467
2468                 if (errno == EPERM) {
2469                         /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2470                          * Then let's not retry again, to avoid
2471                          * spamming the user with the same and same
2472                          * messages over and over. */
2473
2474                         audit_close(m->audit_fd);
2475                         m->audit_fd = -1;
2476                 }
2477         }
2478
2479         free(p);
2480 #endif
2481
2482 }
2483
2484 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2485         int fd = -1;
2486         union sockaddr_union sa;
2487         int n = 0;
2488         char *message = NULL;
2489
2490         /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2491          * started and we're just deserializing */
2492         if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2493                 return;
2494
2495         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2496                 return;
2497
2498         if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2499             u->meta.type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2500             u->meta.type != UNIT_SWAP)
2501                 return;
2502
2503         /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2504          * message then wait for plymouth */
2505         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2506                 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2507                 return;
2508         }
2509
2510         zero(sa);
2511         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2512         strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2513         if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2514
2515                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2516                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2517                     errno != ENOENT &&
2518                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2519                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2520                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2521                         log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2522
2523                 goto finish;
2524         }
2525
2526         if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->meta.id) + 1), u->meta.id, &n) < 0) {
2527                 log_error("Out of memory");
2528                 goto finish;
2529         }
2530
2531         errno = 0;
2532         if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2533
2534                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2535                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2536                     errno != ENOENT &&
2537                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2538                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2539                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2540                         log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2541
2542                 goto finish;
2543         }
2544
2545 finish:
2546         if (fd >= 0)
2547                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2548
2549         free(message);
2550 }
2551
2552 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2553                 Manager *m,
2554                 const char *name,
2555                 const char* old_owner,
2556                 const char *new_owner) {
2557
2558         Unit *u;
2559
2560         assert(m);
2561         assert(name);
2562
2563         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2564                 return;
2565
2566         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2567 }
2568
2569 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2570                 Manager *m,
2571                 const char *name,
2572                 pid_t pid) {
2573
2574         Unit *u;
2575
2576         assert(m);
2577         assert(name);
2578         assert(pid >= 1);
2579
2580         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2581                 return;
2582
2583         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2584 }
2585
2586 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2587         char *path = NULL;
2588         mode_t saved_umask;
2589         int fd;
2590         FILE *f;
2591
2592         assert(_f);
2593
2594         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2595                 asprintf(&path, "/run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2596         else
2597                 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2598
2599         if (!path)
2600                 return -ENOMEM;
2601
2602         saved_umask = umask(0077);
2603         fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2604         umask(saved_umask);
2605
2606         if (fd < 0) {
2607                 free(path);
2608                 return -errno;
2609         }
2610
2611         unlink(path);
2612
2613         log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2614         free(path);
2615
2616         if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")) < 0)
2617                 return -errno;
2618
2619         *_f = f;
2620
2621         return 0;
2622 }
2623
2624 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2625         Iterator i;
2626         Unit *u;
2627         const char *t;
2628         int r;
2629
2630         assert(m);
2631         assert(f);
2632         assert(fds);
2633
2634         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2635         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2636         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2637
2638         fputc('\n', f);
2639
2640         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2641                 if (u->meta.id != t)
2642                         continue;
2643
2644                 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2645                         continue;
2646
2647                 /* Start marker */
2648                 fputs(u->meta.id, f);
2649                 fputc('\n', f);
2650
2651                 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2652                         return r;
2653         }
2654
2655         if (ferror(f))
2656                 return -EIO;
2657
2658         return 0;
2659 }
2660
2661 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2662         int r = 0;
2663
2664         assert(m);
2665         assert(f);
2666
2667         log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2668
2669         m->n_deserializing ++;
2670
2671         for (;;) {
2672                 char line[1024], *l;
2673
2674                 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2675                         if (feof(f))
2676                                 r = 0;
2677                         else
2678                                 r = -errno;
2679
2680                         goto finish;
2681                 }
2682
2683                 char_array_0(line);
2684                 l = strstrip(line);
2685
2686                 if (l[0] == 0)
2687                         break;
2688
2689                 if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2690                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2691                 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2692                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2693                 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2694                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2695                 else
2696                         log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2697         }
2698
2699         for (;;) {
2700                 Unit *u;
2701                 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2702
2703                 /* Start marker */
2704                 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2705                         if (feof(f))
2706                                 r = 0;
2707                         else
2708                                 r = -errno;
2709
2710                         goto finish;
2711                 }
2712
2713                 char_array_0(name);
2714
2715                 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2716                         goto finish;
2717
2718                 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2719                         goto finish;
2720         }
2721
2722 finish:
2723         if (ferror(f)) {
2724                 r = -EIO;
2725                 goto finish;
2726         }
2727
2728         assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2729         m->n_deserializing --;
2730
2731         return r;
2732 }
2733
2734 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2735         int r, q;
2736         FILE *f;
2737         FDSet *fds;
2738
2739         assert(m);
2740
2741         if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2742                 return r;
2743
2744         if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2745                 r = -ENOMEM;
2746                 goto finish;
2747         }
2748
2749         if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2750                 goto finish;
2751
2752         if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2753                 r = -errno;
2754                 goto finish;
2755         }
2756
2757         /* From here on there is no way back. */
2758         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2759         manager_undo_generators(m);
2760
2761         /* Find new unit paths */
2762         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2763         if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
2764                 r = q;
2765
2766         manager_run_generators(m);
2767
2768         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2769
2770         m->n_deserializing ++;
2771
2772         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2773         if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2774                 r = q;
2775
2776         /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2777         if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2778                 r = q;
2779
2780         fclose(f);
2781         f = NULL;
2782
2783         /* Third, fire things up! */
2784         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2785                 r = q;
2786
2787         assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2788         m->n_deserializing ++;
2789
2790 finish:
2791         if (f)
2792                 fclose(f);
2793
2794         if (fds)
2795                 fdset_free(fds);
2796
2797         return r;
2798 }
2799
2800 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2801         Unit *u;
2802
2803         assert(m);
2804
2805         /* Is the initial job still around? */
2806         if (manager_get_job(m, 1))
2807                 return true;
2808
2809         /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2810         if (((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))))
2811                 return !!u->meta.job;
2812
2813         return false;
2814 }
2815
2816 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2817         Unit *u;
2818         Iterator i;
2819
2820         assert(m);
2821
2822         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2823                 unit_reset_failed(u);
2824 }
2825
2826 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2827         Unit *u;
2828
2829         assert(m);
2830         assert(name);
2831
2832         /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2833         if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
2834                 return true;
2835
2836         return unit_pending_inactive(u);
2837 }
2838
2839 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2840         char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2841
2842         assert(m);
2843
2844         if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
2845                 return;
2846
2847         if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
2848                 return;
2849
2850         dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
2851
2852         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
2853
2854                 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2855                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2856                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2857                                                  m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2858                                  format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd),
2859                                                  m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2860                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2861                                                  m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2862                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2863                                                  m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2864                 } else
2865                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2866                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2867                                                  m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2868                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2869                                                  m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2870                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2871                                                  m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2872         } else
2873                 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
2874                           format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2875                                           m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic));
2876
2877 }
2878
2879 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
2880         DIR *d = NULL;
2881         const char *generator_path;
2882         const char *argv[3];
2883
2884         assert(m);
2885
2886         generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
2887         if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
2888
2889                 if (errno == ENOENT)
2890                         return;
2891
2892                 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
2893                 return;
2894         }
2895
2896         if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
2897                 char *p;
2898                 char system_path[] = "/run/systemd/generator-XXXXXX",
2899                         user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
2900
2901                 if (!(p = mkdtemp(m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? system_path : user_path))) {
2902                         log_error("Failed to generate generator directory: %m");
2903                         goto finish;
2904                 }
2905
2906                 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
2907                         log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
2908                         goto finish;
2909                 }
2910         }
2911
2912         argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
2913         argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
2914         argv[2] = NULL;
2915
2916         execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
2917
2918         if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
2919                 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
2920                  * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
2921                  * this */
2922
2923                 free(m->generator_unit_path);
2924                 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2925                 goto finish;
2926         }
2927
2928         if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
2929                 char **l;
2930
2931                 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
2932                         log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
2933                         goto finish;
2934                 }
2935
2936                 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
2937                 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
2938
2939                 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
2940         }
2941
2942 finish:
2943         if (d)
2944                 closedir(d);
2945 }
2946
2947 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
2948         assert(m);
2949
2950         if (!m->generator_unit_path)
2951                 return;
2952
2953         strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
2954         rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true);
2955
2956         free(m->generator_unit_path);
2957         m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2958 }
2959
2960 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
2961         char **l;
2962
2963         assert(m);
2964
2965         if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
2966                 return -ENOMEM;
2967
2968         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
2969         m->default_controllers = l;
2970
2971         return 0;
2972 }
2973
2974 void manager_recheck_syslog(Manager *m) {
2975         Unit *u;
2976
2977         assert(m);
2978
2979         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2980                 return;
2981
2982         if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_SOCKET))) {
2983                 SocketState state;
2984
2985                 state = SOCKET(u)->state;
2986
2987                 if (state != SOCKET_DEAD &&
2988                     state != SOCKET_FAILED &&
2989                     state != SOCKET_RUNNING) {
2990
2991                         /* Hmm, the socket is not set up, or is still
2992                          * listening, let's better not try to use
2993                          * it. Note that we have no problem if the
2994                          * socket is completely down, since there
2995                          * might be a foreign /dev/log socket around
2996                          * and we want to make use of that.
2997                          */
2998
2999                         log_close_syslog();
3000                         return;
3001                 }
3002         }
3003
3004         if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_TARGET)))
3005                 if (TARGET(u)->state != TARGET_ACTIVE) {
3006                         log_close_syslog();
3007                         return;
3008                 }
3009
3010         /* Hmm, OK, so the socket is either fully up, or fully down,
3011          * and the target is up, then let's make use of the socket */
3012         log_open();
3013 }
3014
3015 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
3016         [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
3017         [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
3018 };
3019
3020 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);