manager.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <string.h>
  25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
  28 #include <sys/wait.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <utmpx.h>
  31 #include <sys/poll.h>
  32 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  33 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  34 #include <linux/kd.h>
  35 #include <libcgroup.h>
  36 #include <termios.h>
  37 #include <fcntl.h>
  38
  39 #include "manager.h"
  40 #include "hashmap.h"
  41 #include "macro.h"
  42 #include "strv.h"
  43 #include "log.h"
  44 #include "util.h"
  45 #include "ratelimit.h"
  46 #include "cgroup.h"
  47 #include "mount-setup.h"
  48 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  49
  50 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
  51         char fd;
  52
  53         assert(m);
  54
  55         /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
  56         if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
  57                 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
  58
  59         if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR)) < 0)
  60                 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
  61         else {
  62                 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
  63                 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
  64                         log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
  65
  66                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
  67         }
  68
  69         return 0;
  70 }
  71
  72 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
  73         sigset_t mask;
  74         struct epoll_event ev;
  75
  76         assert(m);
  77
  78         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
  79         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGCHLD) == 0);
  80         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGINT) == 0);   /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
  81         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGWINCH) == 0); /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
  82         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGTERM) == 0);
  83         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGHUP) == 0);
  84         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR1) == 0);
  85         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR2) == 0);
  86         assert_se(sigaddset(&mask, SIGPWR) == 0);
  87         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
  88
  89         m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
  90         if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
  91                 return -errno;
  92
  93         zero(ev);
  94         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
  95         ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
  96
  97         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
  98                 return -errno;
  99
 100         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_INIT)
 101                 return enable_special_signals(m);
 102
 103         return 0;
 104 }
 105
 106 static char** session_dirs(void) {
 107         const char *home, *e;
 108         char *config_home = NULL, *data_home = NULL;
 109         char **config_dirs = NULL, **data_dirs = NULL;
 110         char **r = NULL, **t;
 111
 112         /* Implement the mechanisms defined in
 113          *
 114          * http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-0.6.html
 115          *
 116          * We look in both the config and the data dirs because we
 117          * want to encourage that distributors ship their unit files
 118          * as data, and allow overriding as configuration.
 119          */
 120
 121         home = getenv("HOME");
 122
 123         if ((e = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"))) {
 124                 if (asprintf(&config_home, "%s/systemd/session", e) < 0)
 125                         goto fail;
 126
 127         } else if (home) {
 128                 if (asprintf(&config_home, "%s/.config/systemd/session", home) < 0)
 129                         goto fail;
 130         }
 131
 132         if ((e = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_DIRS")))
 133                 config_dirs = strv_split(e, ":");
 134         else
 135                 config_dirs = strv_new("/etc/xdg", NULL);
 136
 137         if (!config_dirs)
 138                 goto fail;
 139
 140         if ((e = getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME"))) {
 141                 if (asprintf(&data_home, "%s/systemd/session", e) < 0)
 142                         goto fail;
 143
 144         } else if (home) {
 145                 if (asprintf(&data_home, "%s/.local/share/systemd/session", home) < 0)
 146                         goto fail;
 147         }
 148
 149         if ((e = getenv("XDG_DATA_DIRS")))
 150                 data_dirs = strv_split(e, ":");
 151         else
 152                 data_dirs = strv_new("/usr/local/share", "/usr/share", NULL);
 153
 154         if (!data_dirs)
 155                 goto fail;
 156
 157         /* Now merge everything we found. */
 158         if (config_home) {
 159                 if (!(t = strv_append(r, config_home)))
 160                         goto fail;
 161                 strv_free(r);
 162                 r = t;
 163         }
 164
 165         if (!(t = strv_merge_concat(r, config_dirs, "/systemd/session")))
 166                 goto finish;
 167         strv_free(r);
 168         r = t;
 169
 170         if (!(t = strv_append(r, SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH)))
 171                 goto fail;
 172         strv_free(r);
 173         r = t;
 174
 175         if (data_home) {
 176                 if (!(t = strv_append(r, data_home)))
 177                         goto fail;
 178                 strv_free(r);
 179                 r = t;
 180         }
 181
 182         if (!(t = strv_merge_concat(r, data_dirs, "/systemd/session")))
 183                 goto fail;
 184         strv_free(r);
 185         r = t;
 186
 187         if (!(t = strv_append(r, SESSION_DATA_UNIT_PATH)))
 188                 goto fail;
 189         strv_free(r);
 190         r = t;
 191
 192         if (!strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(r))
 193             goto fail;
 194
 195 finish:
 196         free(config_home);
 197         strv_free(config_dirs);
 198         free(data_home);
 199         strv_free(data_dirs);
 200
 201         return r;
 202
 203 fail:
 204         strv_free(r);
 205         r = NULL;
 206         goto finish;
 207 }
 208
 209 static int manager_find_paths(Manager *m) {
 210         const char *e;
 211         char *t;
 212
 213         assert(m);
 214
 215         /* First priority is whatever has been passed to us via env
 216          * vars */
 217         if ((e = getenv("SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH")))
 218                 if (!(m->unit_path = split_path_and_make_absolute(e)))
 219                         return -ENOMEM;
 220
 221         if (strv_isempty(m->unit_path)) {
 222
 223                 /* Nothing is set, so let's figure something out. */
 224                 strv_free(m->unit_path);
 225
 226                 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SESSION) {
 227                         if (!(m->unit_path = session_dirs()))
 228                                 return -ENOMEM;
 229                 } else
 230                         if (!(m->unit_path = strv_new(
 231                                               SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH,  /* /etc/systemd/system/ */
 232                                               SYSTEM_DATA_UNIT_PATH,    /* /lib/systemd/system/ */
 233                                               NULL)))
 234                                 return -ENOMEM;
 235         }
 236
 237         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_INIT) {
 238                 /* /etc/init.d/ compativility does not matter to users */
 239
 240                 if ((e = getenv("SYSTEMD_SYSVINIT_PATH")))
 241                         if (!(m->sysvinit_path = split_path_and_make_absolute(e)))
 242                                 return -ENOMEM;
 243
 244                 if (strv_isempty(m->sysvinit_path)) {
 245                         strv_free(m->sysvinit_path);
 246
 247                         if (!(m->sysvinit_path = strv_new(
 248                                               SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH,     /* /etc/init.d/ */
 249                                               NULL)))
 250                                 return -ENOMEM;
 251                 }
 252
 253                 if ((e = getenv("SYSTEMD_SYSVRCND_PATH")))
 254                         if (!(m->sysvrcnd_path = split_path_and_make_absolute(e)))
 255                                 return -ENOMEM;
 256
 257                 if (strv_isempty(m->sysvrcnd_path)) {
 258                         strv_free(m->sysvrcnd_path);
 259
 260                         if (!(m->sysvrcnd_path = strv_new(
 261                                               SYSTEM_SYSVRCND_PATH,     /* /etc/rcN.d/ */
 262                                               NULL)))
 263                                 return -ENOMEM;
 264                 }
 265         }
 266
 267         strv_uniq(m->unit_path);
 268         strv_uniq(m->sysvinit_path);
 269         strv_uniq(m->sysvrcnd_path);
 270
 271         assert(!strv_isempty(m->unit_path));
 272         if (!(t = strv_join(m->unit_path, "\n\t")))
 273                 return -ENOMEM;
 274         log_debug("Looking for unit files in:\n\t%s", t);
 275         free(t);
 276
 277         if (!strv_isempty(m->sysvinit_path)) {
 278
 279                 if (!(t = strv_join(m->sysvinit_path, "\n\t")))
 280                         return -ENOMEM;
 281
 282                 log_debug("Looking for SysV init scripts in:\n\t%s", t);
 283                 free(t);
 284         } else
 285                 log_debug("Ignoring SysV init scripts.");
 286
 287         if (!strv_isempty(m->sysvrcnd_path)) {
 288
 289                 if (!(t = strv_join(m->sysvrcnd_path, "\n\t")))
 290                         return -ENOMEM;
 291
 292                 log_debug("Looking for SysV rcN.d links in:\n\t%s", t);
 293                 free(t);
 294         } else
 295                 log_debug("Ignoring SysV rcN.d links.");
 296
 297         return 0;
 298 }
 299
 300 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, bool confirm_spawn, Manager **_m) {
 301         Manager *m;
 302         int r = -ENOMEM;
 303
 304         assert(_m);
 305         assert(running_as >= 0);
 306         assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
 307
 308         if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
 309                 return -ENOMEM;
 310
 311         m->boot_timestamp = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
 312
 313         m->running_as = running_as;
 314         m->confirm_spawn = confirm_spawn;
 315
 316         m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = -1;
 317         m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
 318
 319         if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 320                 goto fail;
 321
 322         if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 323                 goto fail;
 324
 325         if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 326                 goto fail;
 327
 328         if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 329                 goto fail;
 330
 331         if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 332                 goto fail;
 333
 334         if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 335                 goto fail;
 336
 337         if ((r = manager_find_paths(m)) < 0)
 338                 goto fail;
 339
 340         if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
 341                 goto fail;
 342
 343         if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
 344                 goto fail;
 345
 346         /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
 347         if ((r = bus_init_system(m)) < 0 ||
 348             (r = bus_init_api(m)) < 0)
 349                 goto fail;
 350
 351         *_m = m;
 352         return 0;
 353
 354 fail:
 355         manager_free(m);
 356         return r;
 357 }
 358
 359 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
 360         Meta *meta;
 361         unsigned n = 0;
 362
 363         assert(m);
 364
 365         while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
 366                 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
 367
 368                 unit_free(UNIT(meta));
 369                 n++;
 370         }
 371
 372         return n;
 373 }
 374
 375 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
 376         UnitType c;
 377         Unit *u;
 378         Job *j;
 379
 380         assert(m);
 381
 382         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 383                 job_free(j);
 384
 385         while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
 386                 unit_free(u);
 387
 388         manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
 389
 390         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 391                 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
 392                         unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
 393
 394         manager_shutdown_cgroup(m);
 395
 396         bus_done_api(m);
 397         bus_done_system(m);
 398
 399         hashmap_free(m->units);
 400         hashmap_free(m->jobs);
 401         hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
 402         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
 403
 404         if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
 405                 close_nointr(m->epoll_fd);
 406         if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
 407                 close_nointr(m->signal_watch.fd);
 408
 409         strv_free(m->unit_path);
 410         strv_free(m->sysvinit_path);
 411         strv_free(m->sysvrcnd_path);
 412
 413         free(m->cgroup_controller);
 414         free(m->cgroup_hierarchy);
 415
 416         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->cgroup_bondings));
 417         hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
 418
 419         free(m);
 420 }
 421
 422 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
 423         int r;
 424         UnitType c;
 425         Iterator i;
 426         Unit *u;
 427         char *k;
 428
 429         assert(m);
 430
 431         /* First, let's ask every type to load all units from
 432          * disk/kernel that it might know */
 433         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 434                 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
 435                         if ((r = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
 436                                 return r;
 437
 438         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
 439
 440         /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
 441         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
 442
 443                 /* ignore aliases */
 444                 if (unit_id(u) != k)
 445                         continue;
 446
 447                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->coldplug)
 448                         if ((r = UNIT_VTABLE(u)->coldplug(u)) < 0)
 449                                 return r;
 450         }
 451
 452         /* Now that the initial devices are available, let's see if we
 453          * can write the utmp file */
 454         manager_write_utmp_reboot(m);
 455
 456         return 0;
 457 }
 458
 459 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
 460         assert(m);
 461         assert(j);
 462
 463         /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
 464
 465         manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
 466
 467         if (!j->installed)
 468                 job_free(j);
 469 }
 470
 471 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
 472         Job *j;
 473
 474         /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
 475          * transaction */
 476
 477         while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
 478                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 479 }
 480
 481 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
 482         Iterator i;
 483         Job *j;
 484
 485         assert(m);
 486
 487         /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
 488
 489         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
 490                 while (j->subject_list)
 491                         job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
 492                 while (j->object_list)
 493                         job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
 494         }
 495
 496         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
 497 }
 498
 499 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
 500         Job *j;
 501
 502         assert(m);
 503
 504         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 505                 if (j->installed)
 506                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 507                 else
 508                         job_free(j);
 509
 510         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 511
 512         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
 513 }
 514
 515 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
 516         JobDependency *l;
 517
 518         assert(m);
 519
 520         /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
 521          * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
 522          * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
 523          * are fully marked as mattering. */
 524
 525         if (j)
 526                 l = j->subject_list;
 527         else
 528                 l = m->transaction_anchor;
 529
 530         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
 531
 532                 /* This link does not matter */
 533                 if (!l->matters)
 534                         continue;
 535
 536                 /* This unit has already been marked */
 537                 if (l->object->generation == generation)
 538                         continue;
 539
 540                 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
 541                 l->object->generation = generation;
 542
 543                 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
 544         }
 545 }
 546
 547 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
 548         JobDependency *l, *last;
 549
 550         assert(j);
 551         assert(other);
 552         assert(j->unit == other->unit);
 553         assert(!j->installed);
 554
 555         /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
 556
 557         j->type = t;
 558         j->state = JOB_WAITING;
 559         j->forced = j->forced || other->forced;
 560
 561         j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
 562
 563         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 564         last = NULL;
 565         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
 566                 assert(l->subject == other);
 567                 l->subject = j;
 568                 last = l;
 569         }
 570
 571         /* Merge both lists */
 572         if (last) {
 573                 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
 574                 if (j->subject_list)
 575                         j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
 576                 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
 577         }
 578
 579         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 580         last = NULL;
 581         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
 582                 assert(l->object == other);
 583                 l->object = j;
 584                 last = l;
 585         }
 586
 587         /* Merge both lists */
 588         if (last) {
 589                 last->object_next = j->object_list;
 590                 if (j->object_list)
 591                         j->object_list->object_prev = last;
 592                 j->object_list = other->object_list;
 593         }
 594
 595         /* Kill the other job */
 596         other->subject_list = NULL;
 597         other->object_list = NULL;
 598         transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
 599 }
 600
 601 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
 602         Job *k;
 603
 604         assert(j);
 605
 606         /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
 607          * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
 608          * whith another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
 609          * transaction work. */
 610
 611         /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
 612          * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
 613         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 614                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 615                         Job *d;
 616
 617                         /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
 618                         if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
 619                                 continue;
 620
 621                         /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
 622                          * drop one of them */
 623                         if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
 624                                 d = j;
 625                         else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
 626                                 d = k;
 627                         else
 628                                 return -ENOEXEC;
 629
 630                         /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
 631                         log_debug("Trying to fix job merging by deleting job %s/%s", unit_id(d->unit), job_type_to_string(d->type));
 632                         transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
 633                         return 0;
 634                 }
 635
 636         return -EINVAL;
 637 }
 638
 639 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m) {
 640         Job *j;
 641         Iterator i;
 642         int r;
 643
 644         assert(m);
 645
 646         /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
 647          * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
 648         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 649                 JobType t;
 650                 Job *k;
 651
 652                 t = j->type;
 653                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 654                         if ((r = job_type_merge(&t, k->type)) >= 0)
 655                                 continue;
 656
 657                         /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
 658                          * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
 659                          * of them */
 660
 661                         if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
 662                                 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
 663                                  * let's ask our callers to call us
 664                                  * again after garbage collecting */
 665                                 return -EAGAIN;
 666
 667                         /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
 668                         return r;
 669                 }
 670         }
 671
 672         /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
 673         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 674                 JobType t = j->type;
 675                 Job *k;
 676
 677                 /* Merge all transactions */
 678                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
 679                         assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
 680
 681                 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
 682                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
 683                         job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
 684
 685                 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
 686                         if (j->installed) {
 687                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
 688                                 j = k;
 689                         } else
 690                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
 691                 }
 692
 693                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 694                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 695         }
 696
 697         return 0;
 698 }
 699
 700 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
 701         bool again;
 702
 703         assert(m);
 704
 705         /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
 706          * a noop */
 707
 708         do {
 709                 Job *j;
 710                 Iterator i;
 711
 712                 again = false;
 713
 714                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 715                         bool changes_something = false;
 716                         Job *k;
 717
 718                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
 719
 720                                 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
 721                                     job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit)))
 722                                         continue;
 723
 724                                 changes_something = true;
 725                                 break;
 726                         }
 727
 728                         if (changes_something)
 729                                 continue;
 730
 731                         log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 732                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
 733                         again = true;
 734                         break;
 735                 }
 736
 737         } while (again);
 738 }
 739
 740 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
 741         assert(u);
 742         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 743
 744         /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
 745          * matters to the anchor. */
 746
 747         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 748                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
 749                         return true;
 750
 751         return false;
 752 }
 753
 754 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation) {
 755         Iterator i;
 756         Unit *u;
 757         int r;
 758
 759         assert(m);
 760         assert(j);
 761         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 762
 763         /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
 764          * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
 765
 766         /* Did we find a cycle? */
 767         if (j->marker && j->generation == generation) {
 768                 Job *k;
 769
 770                 /* So, we already have been here. We have a
 771                  * cycle. Let's try to break it. We go backwards in
 772                  * our path and try to find a suitable job to
 773                  * remove. We use the marker to find our way back,
 774                  * since smart how we are we stored our way back in
 775                  * there. */
 776
 777                 log_debug("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 778
 779                 for (k = from; k; k = (k->generation == generation ? k->marker : NULL)) {
 780
 781                         log_debug("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", unit_id(k->unit), job_type_to_string(k->type));
 782
 783                         if (!k->installed &&
 784                             !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
 785                                 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
 786                                  * do so. */
 787                                 log_debug("Breaking order cycle by deleting job %s/%s", unit_id(k->unit), job_type_to_string(k->type));
 788                                 transaction_delete_unit(m, k->unit);
 789                                 return -EAGAIN;
 790                         }
 791
 792                         /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
 793                          * the cycle */
 794                         if (k == j)
 795                                 break;
 796                 }
 797
 798                 log_debug("Unable to break cycle");
 799
 800                 return -ENOEXEC;
 801         }
 802
 803         /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
 804          * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle */
 805         j->marker = from;
 806         j->generation = generation;
 807
 808         /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
 809          * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
 810         SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
 811                 Job *o;
 812
 813                 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
 814                 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
 815
 816                         /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
 817                          * transaction, but maybe there is already one
 818                          * running? */
 819                         if (!(o = u->meta.job))
 820                                 continue;
 821
 822                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation)) < 0)
 823                         return r;
 824         }
 825
 826         /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
 827          * our path anymore. */
 828         j->marker = NULL;
 829
 830         return 0;
 831 }
 832
 833 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation) {
 834         Job *j;
 835         int r;
 836         Iterator i;
 837
 838         assert(m);
 839         assert(generation);
 840
 841         /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
 842          * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
 843
 844         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
 845                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, (*generation)++)) < 0)
 846                         return r;
 847
 848         return 0;
 849 }
 850
 851 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
 852         bool again;
 853
 854         assert(m);
 855
 856         /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
 857
 858         do {
 859                 Iterator i;
 860                 Job *j;
 861
 862                 again = false;
 863
 864                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 865                         if (j->object_list)
 866                                 continue;
 867
 868                         log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 869                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 870                         again = true;
 871                         break;
 872                 }
 873
 874         } while (again);
 875 }
 876
 877 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
 878         Iterator i;
 879         Job *j;
 880
 881         assert(m);
 882
 883         /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
 884          * existing jobs would be replaced */
 885
 886         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 887
 888                 /* Assume merged */
 889                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 890                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 891
 892                 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
 893                     j->unit->meta.job != j &&
 894                     !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type))
 895                         return -EEXIST;
 896         }
 897
 898         return 0;
 899 }
 900
 901 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
 902         bool again;
 903         assert(m);
 904
 905         /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
 906          * or that stop a running service. */
 907
 908         do {
 909                 Job *j;
 910                 Iterator i;
 911
 912                 again = false;
 913
 914                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 915                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
 916                                 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
 917
 918                                 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
 919                                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
 920                                         continue;
 921
 922                                 /* Would this stop a running service?
 923                                  * Would this change an existing job?
 924                                  * If so, let's drop this entry */
 925
 926                                 stops_running_service =
 927                                         j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
 928
 929                                 changes_existing_job =
 930                                         j->unit->meta.job && job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->state);
 931
 932                                 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
 933                                         continue;
 934
 935                                 if (stops_running_service)
 936                                         log_debug("%s/%s would stop a running service.", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 937
 938                                 if (changes_existing_job)
 939                                         log_debug("%s/%s would change existing job.", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 940
 941                                 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
 942                                 log_debug("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
 943
 944                                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 945                                 again = true;
 946                                 break;
 947                         }
 948
 949                         if (again)
 950                                 break;
 951                 }
 952
 953         } while (again);
 954 }
 955
 956 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
 957         Iterator i;
 958         Job *j;
 959         int r;
 960
 961         /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
 962
 963         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 964                 /* Assume merged */
 965                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 966                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 967
 968                 if (j->installed)
 969                         continue;
 970
 971                 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
 972                         goto rollback;
 973         }
 974
 975         while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
 976                 if (j->installed)
 977                         continue;
 978
 979                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
 980                         job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
 981
 982                 j->unit->meta.job = j;
 983                 j->installed = true;
 984
 985                 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
 986                  * need anymore. */
 987
 988                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 989                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 990
 991                 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
 992                 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
 993         }
 994
 995         /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
 996         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
 997
 998         return 0;
 999
1000 rollback:
1001
1002         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1003                 if (j->installed)
1004                         continue;
1005
1006                 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1007         }
1008
1009         return r;
1010 }
1011
1012 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
1013         int r;
1014         unsigned generation = 1;
1015
1016         assert(m);
1017
1018         /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1019          * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1020
1021         /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1022         transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1023
1024         /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1025          * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1026          * jobs if we don't have to. */
1027         transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1028
1029         /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1030         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1031
1032         for (;;) {
1033                 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1034                  * be lurking. */
1035                 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1036
1037                 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1038                  * cycles if necessary and possible */
1039                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation)) >= 0)
1040                         break;
1041
1042                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1043                         log_debug("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", strerror(-r));
1044                         goto rollback;
1045                 }
1046
1047                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1048                  * graph is still cyclic... */
1049         }
1050
1051         for (;;) {
1052                 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1053                  * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1054                  * merge */
1055                 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m)) >= 0)
1056                         break;
1057
1058                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1059                         log_debug("Requested transaction contains unmergable jobs: %s", strerror(-r));
1060                         goto rollback;
1061                 }
1062
1063                 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1064                  * collect its dependencies. */
1065                 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1066
1067                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1068                  * unmergeable entries ... */
1069         }
1070
1071         /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1072         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1073
1074         /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1075         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1076                 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, mode)) < 0) {
1077                         log_debug("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", strerror(-r));
1078                         goto rollback;
1079                 }
1080
1081         /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1082         if ((r = transaction_apply(m, mode)) < 0) {
1083                 log_debug("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1084                 goto rollback;
1085         }
1086
1087         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1088         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1089
1090         return 0;
1091
1092 rollback:
1093         transaction_abort(m);
1094         return r;
1095 }
1096
1097 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool force, bool *is_new) {
1098         Job *j, *f;
1099         int r;
1100
1101         assert(m);
1102         assert(unit);
1103
1104         /* Looks for an axisting prospective job and returns that. If
1105          * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1106          * jobs list. */
1107
1108         f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1109
1110         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1111                 assert(j->unit == unit);
1112
1113                 if (j->type == type) {
1114                         if (is_new)
1115                                 *is_new = false;
1116                         return j;
1117                 }
1118         }
1119
1120         if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1121                 j = unit->meta.job;
1122         else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1123                 return NULL;
1124
1125         j->generation = 0;
1126         j->marker = NULL;
1127         j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1128         j->forced = force;
1129
1130         LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1131
1132         if ((r = hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f)) < 0) {
1133                 job_free(j);
1134                 return NULL;
1135         }
1136
1137         if (is_new)
1138                 *is_new = true;
1139
1140         log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit_id(unit), job_type_to_string(type));
1141
1142         return j;
1143 }
1144
1145 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1146         assert(m);
1147         assert(j);
1148
1149         if (j->transaction_prev)
1150                 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1151         else if (j->transaction_next)
1152                 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1153         else
1154                 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1155
1156         if (j->transaction_next)
1157                 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1158
1159         j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1160
1161         while (j->subject_list)
1162                 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1163
1164         while (j->object_list) {
1165                 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1166
1167                 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1168
1169                 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1170                         log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1171                                   unit_id(other->unit), job_type_to_string(other->type),
1172                                   unit_id(j->unit), job_type_to_string(j->type));
1173                         transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1174                 }
1175         }
1176 }
1177
1178 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, Job *by, bool matters, bool force, Job **_ret) {
1179         Job *ret;
1180         Iterator i;
1181         Unit *dep;
1182         int r;
1183         bool is_new;
1184
1185         assert(m);
1186         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1187         assert(unit);
1188
1189         if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED)
1190                 return -EINVAL;
1191
1192         if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type))
1193                 return -EBADR;
1194
1195         /* First add the job. */
1196         if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, force, &is_new)))
1197                 return -ENOMEM;
1198
1199         /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1200         if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters))
1201                 return -ENOMEM;
1202
1203         if (is_new) {
1204                 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1205                 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1206                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1207                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1208                                         goto fail;
1209                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_SOFT_REQUIRES], i)
1210                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !force, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1211                                         goto fail;
1212                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1213                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, force, NULL)) < 0)
1214                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", unit_id(dep), strerror(-r));
1215                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1216                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1217                                         goto fail;
1218                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_SOFT_REQUISITE], i)
1219                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !force, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1220                                         goto fail;
1221                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1222                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1223                                         goto fail;
1224
1225                 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1226
1227                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1228                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, force, NULL)) < 0 && r != -EBADR)
1229                                         goto fail;
1230                 }
1231
1232                 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1233         }
1234
1235         if (_ret)
1236                 *_ret = ret;
1237
1238         return 0;
1239
1240 fail:
1241         return r;
1242 }
1243
1244 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool force, Job **_ret) {
1245         int r;
1246         Job *ret;
1247
1248         assert(m);
1249         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1250         assert(unit);
1251         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1252
1253         log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s", unit_id(unit), job_type_to_string(type));
1254
1255         if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, force, &ret)) < 0) {
1256                 transaction_abort(m);
1257                 return r;
1258         }
1259
1260         if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode)) < 0)
1261                 return r;
1262
1263         log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit_id(unit), job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1264
1265         if (_ret)
1266                 *_ret = ret;
1267
1268         return 0;
1269 }
1270
1271 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool force, Job **_ret) {
1272         Unit *unit;
1273         int r;
1274
1275         assert(m);
1276         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1277         assert(name);
1278         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1279
1280         if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, &unit)) < 0)
1281                 return r;
1282
1283         return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, force, _ret);
1284 }
1285
1286 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1287         assert(m);
1288
1289         return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1290 }
1291
1292 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1293         assert(m);
1294         assert(name);
1295
1296         return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1297 }
1298
1299 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1300         Meta *meta;
1301         unsigned n = 0;
1302
1303         assert(m);
1304
1305         /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1306         if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1307                 return 0;
1308
1309         m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1310
1311         /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1312          * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1313
1314         while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1315                 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1316
1317                 unit_load(UNIT(meta));
1318                 n++;
1319         }
1320
1321         m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1322         return n;
1323 }
1324
1325 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *path, Unit **_ret) {
1326         Unit *ret;
1327         int r;
1328         const char *name;
1329
1330         assert(m);
1331         assert(path);
1332         assert(_ret);
1333
1334         /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1335          * start any services or anything. */
1336
1337         name = file_name_from_path(path);
1338
1339         if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1340                 *_ret = ret;
1341                 return 0;
1342         }
1343
1344         if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1345                 return -ENOMEM;
1346
1347         if (is_path(path)) {
1348                 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1349                         unit_free(ret);
1350                         return -ENOMEM;
1351                 }
1352         }
1353
1354         if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1355                 unit_free(ret);
1356                 return r;
1357         }
1358
1359         unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1360         unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1361
1362         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1363
1364         *_ret = unit_follow_merge(ret);
1365         return 0;
1366 }
1367
1368 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1369         Iterator i;
1370         Job *j;
1371
1372         assert(s);
1373         assert(f);
1374
1375         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1376                 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1377 }
1378
1379 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1380         Iterator i;
1381         Unit *u;
1382         const char *t;
1383
1384         assert(s);
1385         assert(f);
1386
1387         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1388                 if (unit_id(u) == t)
1389                         unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1390 }
1391
1392 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1393         Job *j;
1394
1395         assert(m);
1396
1397         transaction_abort(m);
1398
1399         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1400                 job_free(j);
1401 }
1402
1403 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1404         Job *j;
1405         unsigned n = 0;
1406
1407         if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1408                 return 0;
1409
1410         m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1411
1412         while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1413                 assert(j->installed);
1414                 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1415
1416                 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1417                 n++;
1418         }
1419
1420         m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1421         return n;
1422 }
1423
1424 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1425         Job *j;
1426         Meta *meta;
1427         unsigned n = 0;
1428
1429         assert(m);
1430
1431         if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1432                 return 0;
1433
1434         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1435
1436         while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1437                 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1438
1439                 bus_unit_send_change_signal(UNIT(meta));
1440                 n++;
1441         }
1442
1443         while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1444                 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1445
1446                 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1447                 n++;
1448         }
1449
1450         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1451         return n;
1452 }
1453
1454 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1455         assert(m);
1456
1457         for (;;) {
1458                 siginfo_t si;
1459                 Unit *u;
1460
1461                 zero(si);
1462
1463                 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1464                  * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1465                  * it while it is a zombie. */
1466                 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1467
1468                         if (errno == ECHILD)
1469                                 break;
1470
1471                         if (errno == EINTR)
1472                                 continue;
1473
1474                         return -errno;
1475                 }
1476
1477                 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
1478                         break;
1479
1480                 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
1481                         char *name = NULL;
1482
1483                         get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
1484                         log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %llu (%s)", (unsigned long long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
1485                         free(name);
1486                 }
1487
1488                 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
1489                 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
1490                         if (errno == EINTR)
1491                                 continue;
1492
1493                         return -errno;
1494                 }
1495
1496                 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
1497                         continue;
1498
1499                 log_debug("Child %llu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
1500                           (long long unsigned) si.si_pid,
1501                           sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
1502                           si.si_status,
1503                           strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status) : strsignal(si.si_status)));
1504
1505                 if (!(u = hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, UINT32_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
1506                         continue;
1507
1508                 log_debug("Child %llu belongs to %s", (long long unsigned) si.si_pid, unit_id(u));
1509
1510                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
1511         }
1512
1513         return 0;
1514 }
1515
1516 static void manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1517         int r;
1518
1519         if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, JOB_REPLACE, true, NULL)) < 0)
1520                 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, strerror(-r));
1521 }
1522
1523 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m, bool *quit) {
1524         ssize_t n;
1525         struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
1526         bool sigchld = false;
1527
1528         assert(m);
1529
1530         for (;;) {
1531                 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
1532
1533                         if (n >= 0)
1534                                 return -EIO;
1535
1536                         if (errno == EAGAIN)
1537                                 break;
1538
1539                         return -errno;
1540                 }
1541
1542                 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
1543
1544                 case SIGCHLD:
1545                         sigchld = true;
1546                         break;
1547
1548                 case SIGINT:
1549                 case SIGTERM:
1550
1551                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_INIT) {
1552                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET);
1553                                 break;
1554                         }
1555
1556                         *quit = true;
1557                         return 0;
1558
1559                 case SIGWINCH:
1560
1561                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_INIT)
1562                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET);
1563
1564                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
1565                         break;
1566
1567                 case SIGPWR:
1568                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_INIT)
1569                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET);
1570
1571                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
1572                         break;
1573
1574                 case SIGUSR1:
1575                         manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1576                         manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1577                         break;
1578
1579                 default:
1580                         log_info("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strsignal(sfsi.ssi_signo));
1581                 }
1582         }
1583
1584         if (sigchld)
1585                 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
1586
1587         return 0;
1588 }
1589
1590 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev, bool *quit) {
1591         int r;
1592         Watch *w;
1593
1594         assert(m);
1595         assert(ev);
1596
1597         assert(w = ev->data.ptr);
1598
1599         switch (w->type) {
1600
1601         case WATCH_SIGNAL:
1602
1603                 /* An incoming signal? */
1604                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
1605                         return -EINVAL;
1606
1607                 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m, quit)) < 0)
1608                         return r;
1609
1610                 break;
1611
1612         case WATCH_FD:
1613
1614                 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
1615                 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
1616                 break;
1617
1618         case WATCH_TIMER: {
1619                 uint64_t v;
1620                 ssize_t k;
1621
1622                 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
1623                 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
1624
1625                         if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
1626                                 break;
1627
1628                         return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
1629                 }
1630
1631                 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
1632                 break;
1633         }
1634
1635         case WATCH_MOUNT:
1636                 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
1637                 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
1638                 break;
1639
1640         case WATCH_UDEV:
1641                 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
1642                 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
1643                 break;
1644
1645         case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
1646                 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
1647                 break;
1648
1649         case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
1650                 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
1651                 break;
1652
1653         default:
1654                 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
1655         }
1656
1657         return 0;
1658 }
1659
1660 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
1661         int r;
1662         bool quit = false;
1663
1664         RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 1000);
1665
1666         assert(m);
1667
1668         do {
1669                 struct epoll_event event;
1670                 int n;
1671
1672                 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
1673                         /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
1674                         log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
1675                         sleep(1);
1676                 }
1677
1678                 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
1679                         continue;
1680
1681                 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
1682                         continue;
1683
1684                 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
1685                         continue;
1686
1687                 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
1688                         continue;
1689
1690                 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
1691                         continue;
1692
1693                 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
1694
1695                         if (errno == -EINTR)
1696                                 continue;
1697
1698                         return -errno;
1699                 }
1700
1701                 assert(n == 1);
1702
1703                 if ((r = process_event(m, &event, &quit)) < 0)
1704                         return r;
1705         } while (!quit);
1706
1707         return 0;
1708 }
1709
1710 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
1711         char *n;
1712         Unit *u;
1713
1714         assert(m);
1715         assert(s);
1716         assert(_u);
1717
1718         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
1719                 return -EINVAL;
1720
1721         if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
1722                 return -ENOMEM;
1723
1724         u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
1725         free(n);
1726
1727         if (!u)
1728                 return -ENOENT;
1729
1730         *_u = u;
1731
1732         return 0;
1733 }
1734
1735 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
1736         Job *j;
1737         unsigned id;
1738         int r;
1739
1740         assert(m);
1741         assert(s);
1742         assert(_j);
1743
1744         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
1745                 return -EINVAL;
1746
1747         if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
1748                 return r;
1749
1750         if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
1751                 return -ENOENT;
1752
1753         *_j = j;
1754
1755         return 0;
1756 }
1757
1758 static bool manager_utmp_good(Manager *m) {
1759         int r;
1760
1761         assert(m);
1762
1763         if ((r = mount_path_is_mounted(m, _PATH_UTMPX)) <= 0) {
1764
1765                 if (r < 0)
1766                         log_warning("Failed to determine whether " _PATH_UTMPX " is mounted: %s", strerror(-r));
1767
1768                 return false;
1769         }
1770
1771         return true;
1772 }
1773
1774 void manager_write_utmp_reboot(Manager *m) {
1775         int r;
1776
1777         assert(m);
1778
1779         if (m->utmp_reboot_written)
1780                 return;
1781
1782         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_INIT)
1783                 return;
1784
1785         if (!manager_utmp_good(m))
1786                 return;
1787
1788         if ((r = utmp_put_reboot(m->boot_timestamp)) < 0) {
1789
1790                 if (r != -ENOENT && r != -EROFS)
1791                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp/wtmp: %s", strerror(-r));
1792
1793                 return;
1794         }
1795
1796         m->utmp_reboot_written = true;
1797 }
1798
1799 void manager_write_utmp_runlevel(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
1800         int runlevel, r;
1801
1802         assert(m);
1803         assert(u);
1804
1805         if (u->meta.type != UNIT_TARGET)
1806                 return;
1807
1808         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_INIT)
1809                 return;
1810
1811         if (!manager_utmp_good(m))
1812                 return;
1813
1814         if ((runlevel = target_get_runlevel(TARGET(u))) <= 0)
1815                 return;
1816
1817         if ((r = utmp_put_runlevel(0, runlevel, 0)) < 0) {
1818
1819                 if (r != -ENOENT && r != -EROFS)
1820                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp/wtmp: %s", strerror(-r));
1821         }
1822 }
1823
1824 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
1825         [MANAGER_INIT] = "init",
1826         [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
1827         [MANAGER_SESSION] = "session"
1828 };
1829
1830 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);