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1 <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
4
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8 Copyright 2013 Zbigniew JÄ™drzejewski-Szmek
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10 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
11 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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23
24 <refentry id="systemd-run">
25
26   <refentryinfo>
27     <title>systemd-run</title>
28     <productname>systemd</productname>
29
30     <authorgroup>
31       <author>
32         <contrib>Developer</contrib>
33         <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
34         <surname>Poettering</surname>
35         <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
36       </author>
37     </authorgroup>
38   </refentryinfo>
39
40   <refmeta>
41     <refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle>
42     <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
43   </refmeta>
44
45   <refnamediv>
46     <refname>systemd-run</refname>
47     <refpurpose>Run programs in transient scope or service units</refpurpose>
48   </refnamediv>
49
50   <refsynopsisdiv>
51     <cmdsynopsis>
52       <command>systemd-run</command>
53       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
54       <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable>
55       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">ARGS</arg>
56       </arg>
57     </cmdsynopsis>
58   </refsynopsisdiv>
59
60   <refsect1>
61     <title>Description</title>
62
63     <para><command>systemd-run</command> may be used to create and start
64     a transient <filename>.service</filename> or a
65     <filename>.scope</filename> unit and run the specified
66     <replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable> in it.</para>
67
68     <para>If a command is run as transient service unit, it will be
69     started and managed by the service manager like any other service,
70     and thus show up in the output of <command>systemctl
71     list-units</command> like any other unit. It will run in a clean
72     and detached execution environment. <command>systemd-run</command>
73     will start the service asynchronously in the background and
74     immediately return.</para>
75
76     <para>If a command is run as transient scope unit, it will be
77     started directly by <command>systemd-run</command> and thus
78     inherit the execution environment of the caller. It is however
79     managed by the service manager similar to normal services, and
80     will also show up in the output of <command>systemctl
81     list-units</command>. Execution in this case is synchronous, and
82     execution will return only when the command finishes.</para>
83   </refsect1>
84
85   <refsect1>
86     <title>Options</title>
87
88     <para>The following options are understood:</para>
89
90     <variablelist>
91       <varlistentry>
92         <term><option>-h</option></term>
93         <term><option>--help</option></term>
94
95         <listitem><para>Prints a short help
96         text and exits.</para></listitem>
97       </varlistentry>
98
99       <varlistentry>
100         <term><option>--version</option></term>
101
102         <listitem><para>Prints a short version
103         string and exits.</para></listitem>
104       </varlistentry>
105
106       <varlistentry>
107         <term><option>--user</option></term>
108
109         <listitem>
110           <para>Talk to the service manager of the calling user,
111           rather than the service manager of the system.</para>
112         </listitem>
113       </varlistentry>
114
115       <varlistentry>
116         <term><option>--system</option></term>
117
118         <listitem>
119           <para>Talk to the service manager of the system. This is the
120           implied default.</para>
121         </listitem>
122       </varlistentry>
123
124       <varlistentry>
125               <term><option>-H</option></term>
126               <term><option>--host=</option></term>
127
128               <listitem><para>Execute the operation
129               remotely. Specify a hostname, or
130               username and hostname separated by <literal>@</literal>,
131               to connect to. This will use SSH to
132               talk to the remote machine manager
133               instance.</para></listitem>
134       </varlistentry>
135
136       <varlistentry>
137               <term><option>-M</option></term>
138               <term><option>--machine=</option></term>
139
140               <listitem><para>Execute the operation on a
141               local container. Specify a container
142               name to connect to.</para></listitem>
143       </varlistentry>
144
145       <varlistentry>
146         <term><option>--scope</option></term>
147
148         <listitem>
149           <para>Create a transient <filename>.scope</filename> unit instead of
150           the default transient <filename>.service</filename> unit.
151           </para>
152         </listitem>
153       </varlistentry>
154
155       <varlistentry>
156         <term><option>--unit=</option></term>
157
158         <listitem><para>Use this unit name instead of an automatically
159         generated one.</para></listitem>
160       </varlistentry>
161
162       <varlistentry>
163         <term><option>--description=</option></term>
164
165         <listitem><para>Provide description for the unit. If not
166         specified, the command itself will be used as a description.
167         See <varname>Description=</varname> in
168         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
169         </para></listitem>
170       </varlistentry>
171
172       <varlistentry>
173         <term><option>--slice=</option></term>
174
175         <listitem><para>Make the new <filename>.service</filename> or
176         <filename>.scope</filename> unit part of the specified slice,
177         instead of the <filename>system.slice</filename>.</para>
178         </listitem>
179       </varlistentry>
180
181       <varlistentry>
182         <term><option>--remain-after-exit</option></term>
183
184         <listitem><para>After the service's process has terminated, keep
185         the service around until it is explicitly stopped. This is
186         useful to collect runtime information about the service after
187         it finished running. Also see
188         <varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname> in
189         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
190         </para>
191         </listitem>
192       </varlistentry>
193
194       <varlistentry>
195         <term><option>--send-sighup</option></term>
196
197         <listitem><para>When terminating the scope unit, send a SIGHUP
198         immediately after SIGTERM. This is useful to indicate to
199         shells and shell-like processes that the connection has been
200         severed. Also see <varname>SendSIGHUP=</varname> in
201         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
202         </para>
203         </listitem>
204       </varlistentry>
205     </variablelist>
206
207     <para>All command-line arguments after the first non-option
208     argument become part of the commandline of the launched
209     process. If a command is run as service unit, its first argument
210     needs to be an absolute binary path.</para>
211   </refsect1>
212
213   <refsect1>
214     <title>Exit status</title>
215
216     <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
217     code otherwise.</para>
218   </refsect1>
219
220   <refsect1>
221     <title>Example</title>
222
223     <para>The following command will log the environment variables
224     provided by systemd to services:</para>
225
226     <programlisting># systemd-run env
227 Running as unit run-19945.service.
228 # journalctl -u run-19945.service
229 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Starting /usr/bin/env...
230 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Started /usr/bin/env.
231 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
232 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: LANG=en_US.UTF-8
233 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.0-0.rc5.git6.2.fc20.x86_64
234     </programlisting>
235   </refsect1>
236
237   <refsect1>
238     <title>See Also</title>
239     <para>
240       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
241       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
242       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
243       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
244       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
245       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
246       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
247     </para>
248   </refsect1>
249
250 </refentry>