execute.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <dirent.h>
  24 #include <errno.h>
  25 #include <fcntl.h>
  26 #include <unistd.h>
  27 #include <string.h>
  28 #include <signal.h>
  29 #include <sys/socket.h>
  30 #include <sys/un.h>
  31 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  32 #include <linux/sched.h>
  33 #include <sys/types.h>
  34 #include <sys/stat.h>
  35 #include <grp.h>
  36 #include <pwd.h>
  37
  38 #include "execute.h"
  39 #include "strv.h"
  40 #include "macro.h"
  41 #include "util.h"
  42 #include "log.h"
  43 #include "ioprio.h"
  44 #include "securebits.h"
  45
  46 static int close_fds(int except[], unsigned n_except) {
  47         DIR *d;
  48         struct dirent *de;
  49         int r = 0;
  50
  51         /* Modifies the fds array! (sorts it) */
  52
  53         if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd")))
  54                 return -errno;
  55
  56         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
  57                 int fd;
  58
  59                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
  60                         continue;
  61
  62                 if ((r = safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd)) < 0)
  63                         goto finish;
  64
  65                 if (fd < 3)
  66                         continue;
  67
  68                 if (fd == dirfd(d))
  69                         continue;
  70
  71                 if (except) {
  72                         bool found;
  73                         unsigned i;
  74
  75                         found = false;
  76                         for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++)
  77                                 if (except[i] == fd) {
  78                                         found = true;
  79                                         break;
  80                                 }
  81
  82                         if (found)
  83                                 continue;
  84                 }
  85
  86                 if ((r = close_nointr(fd)) < 0)
  87                         goto finish;
  88         }
  89
  90 finish:
  91         closedir(d);
  92         return r;
  93 }
  94
  95 static int shift_fds(int fds[], unsigned n_fds) {
  96         int start, restart_from;
  97
  98         if (n_fds <= 0)
  99                 return 0;
 100
 101         assert(fds);
 102
 103         start = 0;
 104         for (;;) {
 105                 int i;
 106
 107                 restart_from = -1;
 108
 109                 for (i = start; i < (int) n_fds; i++) {
 110                         int nfd;
 111
 112                         /* Already at right index? */
 113                         if (fds[i] == i+3)
 114                                 continue;
 115
 116                         if ((nfd = fcntl(fds[i], F_DUPFD, i+3)) < 0)
 117                                 return -errno;
 118
 119                         assert_se(close_nointr(fds[i]) == 0);
 120                         fds[i] = nfd;
 121
 122                         /* Hmm, the fd we wanted isn't free? Then
 123                          * let's remember that and try again from here*/
 124                         if (nfd != i+3 && restart_from < 0)
 125                                 restart_from = i;
 126                 }
 127
 128                 if (restart_from < 0)
 129                         break;
 130
 131                 start = restart_from;
 132         }
 133
 134         return 0;
 135 }
 136
 137 static int flags_fds(int fds[], unsigned n_fds, bool nonblock) {
 138         unsigned i;
 139
 140         if (n_fds <= 0)
 141                 return 0;
 142
 143         assert(fds);
 144
 145         /* Drops/Sets O_NONBLOCK and FD_CLOEXEC from the file flags */
 146
 147         for (i = 0; i < n_fds; i++) {
 148                 int flags;
 149
 150                 if ((flags = fcntl(fds[i], F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
 151                         return -errno;
 152
 153                 if (nonblock)
 154                         flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
 155                 else
 156                         flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
 157
 158                 if (fcntl(fds[i], F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
 159                         return -errno;
 160
 161                 /* We unconditionally drop FD_CLOEXEC from the fds,
 162                  * since after all we want to pass these fds to our
 163                  * children */
 164                 if ((flags = fcntl(fds[i], F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
 165                         return -errno;
 166
 167                 if (fcntl(fds[i], F_SETFD, flags &~FD_CLOEXEC) < 0)
 168                         return -errno;
 169         }
 170
 171         return 0;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int replace_null_fd(int fd, int flags) {
 175         int nfd;
 176         assert(fd >= 0);
 177
 178         close_nointr(fd);
 179
 180         if ((nfd = open("/dev/null", flags|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
 181                 return -errno;
 182
 183         if (nfd != fd) {
 184                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
 185                 return -EIO;
 186         }
 187
 188         return 0;
 189 }
 190
 191 static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, const char *ident) {
 192         int r;
 193
 194         assert(context);
 195
 196         switch (context->output) {
 197
 198         case EXEC_OUTPUT_CONSOLE:
 199                 return 0;
 200
 201         case EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL:
 202
 203                 if ((r = replace_null_fd(STDOUT_FILENO, O_WRONLY)) < 0 ||
 204                     (r = replace_null_fd(STDERR_FILENO, O_WRONLY)) < 0)
 205                         return r;
 206
 207                 return 0;
 208
 209         case EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL:
 210         case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG: {
 211
 212                 int fd;
 213                 union {
 214                         struct sockaddr sa;
 215                         struct sockaddr_un un;
 216                 } sa;
 217
 218                 close_nointr(STDOUT_FILENO);
 219                 close_nointr(STDERR_FILENO);
 220
 221                 if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
 222                         return -errno;
 223
 224                 if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
 225                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 226                         return -EIO;
 227                 }
 228
 229                 zero(sa);
 230                 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
 231                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, LOGGER_SOCKET, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
 232
 233                 if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0) {
 234                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 235                         return -errno;
 236                 }
 237
 238                 if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_RD) < 0) {
 239                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 240                         return -errno;
 241                 }
 242
 243                 if ((fd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
 244                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 245                         return -errno;
 246                 }
 247
 248                 if (fd != STDERR_FILENO) {
 249                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 250                         return -EIO;
 251                 }
 252
 253                 /* We speak a very simple protocol between log server
 254                  * and client: one line for the log destination (kmsg
 255                  * or syslog), followed by the priority field,
 256                  * followed by the process name. Since we replaced
 257                  * stdin/stderr we simple use stdio to write to
 258                  * it. Note that we use stderr, to minimize buffer
 259                  * flushing issues. */
 260
 261                 fprintf(stderr,
 262                         "%s\n"
 263                         "%i\n"
 264                         "%s\n",
 265                         context->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL ? "kmsg" : "syslog",
 266                         context->syslog_priority,
 267                         context->syslog_identifier ? context->syslog_identifier : ident);
 268
 269                 return 0;
 270         }
 271
 272         default:
 273                 assert_not_reached("Unknown output type");
 274         }
 275 }
 276
 277 static int setup_input(const ExecContext *context) {
 278         int r;
 279
 280         assert(context);
 281
 282         switch (context->input) {
 283
 284         case EXEC_INPUT_CONSOLE:
 285                 return 0;
 286
 287         case EXEC_INPUT_NULL:
 288                 if ((r = replace_null_fd(STDIN_FILENO, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
 289                         return r;
 290
 291                 return 0;
 292
 293         default:
 294                 assert_not_reached("Unknown input type");
 295         }
 296 }
 297
 298 static int get_group_creds(const char *groupname, gid_t *gid) {
 299         struct group *g;
 300         unsigned long lu;
 301
 302         assert(groupname);
 303         assert(gid);
 304
 305         /* We enforce some special rules for gid=0: in order to avoid
 306          * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
 307
 308         if (streq(groupname, "root") || streq(groupname, "0")) {
 309                 *gid = 0;
 310                 return 0;
 311         }
 312
 313         if (safe_atolu(groupname, &lu) >= 0) {
 314                 errno = 0;
 315                 g = getgrgid((gid_t) lu);
 316         } else {
 317                 errno = 0;
 318                 g = getgrnam(groupname);
 319         }
 320
 321         if (!g)
 322                 return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
 323
 324         *gid = g->gr_gid;
 325         return 0;
 326 }
 327
 328 static int get_user_creds(const char **username, uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid, const char **home) {
 329         struct passwd *p;
 330         unsigned long lu;
 331
 332         assert(username);
 333         assert(*username);
 334         assert(uid);
 335         assert(gid);
 336         assert(home);
 337
 338         /* We enforce some special rules for uid=0: in order to avoid
 339          * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
 340
 341         if (streq(*username, "root") || streq(*username, "0")) {
 342                 *username = "root";
 343                 *uid = 0;
 344                 *gid = 0;
 345                 *home = "/root";
 346                 return 0;
 347         }
 348
 349         if (safe_atolu(*username, &lu) >= 0) {
 350                 errno = 0;
 351                 p = getpwuid((uid_t) lu);
 352
 353                 /* If there are multiple users with the same id, make
 354                  * sure to leave $USER to the configured value instead
 355                  * of the first occurence in the database. However if
 356                  * the uid was configured by a numeric uid, then let's
 357                  * pick the real username from /etc/passwd. */
 358                 if (*username && p)
 359                         *username = p->pw_name;
 360         } else {
 361                 errno = 0;
 362                 p = getpwnam(*username);
 363         }
 364
 365         if (!p)
 366                 return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
 367
 368         *uid = p->pw_uid;
 369         *gid = p->pw_gid;
 370         *home = p->pw_dir;
 371         return 0;
 372 }
 373
 374 static int enforce_groups(const ExecContext *context, const char *username, gid_t gid) {
 375         bool keep_groups = false;
 376         int r;
 377
 378         assert(context);
 379
 380         /* Lookup and ser GID and supplementary group list. Here too
 381          * we avoid NSS lookups for gid=0. */
 382
 383         if (context->group || username) {
 384
 385                 if (context->group)
 386                         if ((r = get_group_creds(context->group, &gid)) < 0)
 387                                 return r;
 388
 389                 /* First step, initialize groups from /etc/groups */
 390                 if (username && gid != 0) {
 391                         if (initgroups(username, gid) < 0)
 392                                 return -errno;
 393
 394                         keep_groups = true;
 395                 }
 396
 397                 /* Second step, set our gids */
 398                 if (setresgid(gid, gid, gid) < 0)
 399                         return -errno;
 400         }
 401
 402         if (context->supplementary_groups) {
 403                 int ngroups_max, k;
 404                 gid_t *gids;
 405                 char **i;
 406
 407                 /* Final step, initialize any manually set supplementary groups */
 408                 ngroups_max = (int) sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX);
 409
 410                 if (!(gids = new(gid_t, ngroups_max)))
 411                         return -ENOMEM;
 412
 413                 if (keep_groups) {
 414                         if ((k = getgroups(ngroups_max, gids)) < 0) {
 415                                 free(gids);
 416                                 return -errno;
 417                         }
 418                 } else
 419                         k = 0;
 420
 421                 STRV_FOREACH(i, context->supplementary_groups) {
 422
 423                         if (k >= ngroups_max) {
 424                                 free(gids);
 425                                 return -E2BIG;
 426                         }
 427
 428                         if ((r = get_group_creds(*i, gids+k)) < 0) {
 429                                 free(gids);
 430                                 return r;
 431                         }
 432
 433                         k++;
 434                 }
 435
 436                 if (setgroups(k, gids) < 0) {
 437                         free(gids);
 438                         return -errno;
 439                 }
 440
 441                 free(gids);
 442         }
 443
 444         return 0;
 445 }
 446
 447 static int enforce_user(const ExecContext *context, uid_t uid) {
 448         int r;
 449         assert(context);
 450
 451         /* Sets (but doesn't lookup) the uid and make sure we keep the
 452          * capabilities while doing so. */
 453
 454         if (context->capabilities) {
 455                 cap_t d;
 456                 static const cap_value_t bits[] = {
 457                         CAP_SETUID,   /* Necessary so that we can run setresuid() below */
 458                         CAP_SETPCAP   /* Necessary so that we can set PR_SET_SECUREBITS later on */
 459                 };
 460
 461                 /* First step: If we need to keep capabilities but
 462                  * drop privileges we need to make sure we keep our
 463                  * caps, whiel we drop priviliges. */
 464                 if (uid != 0) {
 465                         int sb = context->secure_bits|SECURE_KEEP_CAPS;
 466
 467                         if (prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) != sb)
 468                                 if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, sb) < 0)
 469                                         return -errno;
 470                 }
 471
 472                 /* Second step: set the capabilites. This will reduce
 473                  * the capabilities to the minimum we need. */
 474
 475                 if (!(d = cap_dup(context->capabilities)))
 476                         return -errno;
 477
 478                 if (cap_set_flag(d, CAP_EFFECTIVE, ELEMENTSOF(bits), bits, CAP_SET) < 0 ||
 479                     cap_set_flag(d, CAP_PERMITTED, ELEMENTSOF(bits), bits, CAP_SET) < 0) {
 480                         r = -errno;
 481                         cap_free(d);
 482                         return r;
 483                 }
 484
 485                 if (cap_set_proc(d) < 0) {
 486                         r = -errno;
 487                         cap_free(d);
 488                         return r;
 489                 }
 490
 491                 cap_free(d);
 492         }
 493
 494         /* Third step: actually set the uids */
 495         if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
 496                 return -errno;
 497
 498         /* At this point we should have all necessary capabilities but
 499            are otherwise a normal user. However, the caps might got
 500            corrupted due to the setresuid() so we need clean them up
 501            later. This is done outside of this call. */
 502
 503         return 0;
 504 }
 505
 506 int exec_spawn(const ExecCommand *command,
 507                const ExecContext *context,
 508                int *fds, unsigned n_fds,
 509                bool apply_permissions,
 510                bool apply_chroot,
 511                pid_t *ret) {
 512
 513         pid_t pid;
 514
 515         assert(command);
 516         assert(context);
 517         assert(ret);
 518         assert(fds || n_fds <= 0);
 519
 520         log_debug("About to execute %s", command->path);
 521
 522         if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
 523                 return -errno;
 524
 525         if (pid == 0) {
 526                 int i, r;
 527                 sigset_t ss;
 528                 const char *username = NULL, *home = NULL;
 529                 uid_t uid = (uid_t) -1;
 530                 gid_t gid = (gid_t) -1;
 531                 char **our_env = NULL, **final_env = NULL;
 532                 unsigned n_env = 0;
 533
 534                 /* child */
 535
 536                 if (sigemptyset(&ss) < 0 ||
 537                     sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, NULL) < 0) {
 538                         r = EXIT_SIGNAL_MASK;
 539                         goto fail;
 540                 }
 541
 542                 if (setpgid(0, 0) < 0) {
 543                         r = EXIT_PGID;
 544                         goto fail;
 545                 }
 546
 547                 umask(context->umask);
 548
 549                 if (setup_input(context) < 0) {
 550                         r = EXIT_INPUT;
 551                         goto fail;
 552                 }
 553
 554                 if (setup_output(context, file_name_from_path(command->path)) < 0) {
 555                         r = EXIT_OUTPUT;
 556                         goto fail;
 557                 }
 558
 559                 if (context->oom_adjust_set) {
 560                         char t[16];
 561
 562                         snprintf(t, sizeof(t), "%i", context->oom_adjust);
 563                         char_array_0(t);
 564
 565                         if (write_one_line_file("/proc/self/oom_adj", t) < 0) {
 566                                 r = EXIT_OOM_ADJUST;
 567                                 goto fail;
 568                         }
 569                 }
 570
 571                 if (context->nice_set)
 572                         if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, context->nice) < 0) {
 573                                 r = EXIT_NICE;
 574                                 goto fail;
 575                         }
 576
 577                 if (context->cpu_sched_set) {
 578                         struct sched_param param;
 579
 580                         zero(param);
 581                         param.sched_priority = context->cpu_sched_priority;
 582
 583                         if (sched_setscheduler(0, context->cpu_sched_policy |
 584                                                (context->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork ? SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK : 0), &param) < 0) {
 585                                 r = EXIT_SETSCHEDULER;
 586                                 goto fail;
 587                         }
 588                 }
 589
 590                 if (context->cpu_affinity_set)
 591                         if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(context->cpu_affinity), &context->cpu_affinity) < 0) {
 592                                 r = EXIT_CPUAFFINITY;
 593                                 goto fail;
 594                         }
 595
 596                 if (context->ioprio_set)
 597                         if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, context->ioprio) < 0) {
 598                                 r = EXIT_IOPRIO;
 599                                 goto fail;
 600                         }
 601
 602                 if (context->timer_slack_ns_set)
 603                         if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, context->timer_slack_ns_set) < 0) {
 604                                 r = EXIT_TIMERSLACK;
 605                                 goto fail;
 606                         }
 607
 608                 if (context->user) {
 609                         username = context->user;
 610                         if (get_user_creds(&username, &uid, &gid, &home) < 0) {
 611                                 r = EXIT_USER;
 612                                 goto fail;
 613                         }
 614                 }
 615
 616                 if (apply_permissions)
 617                         if (enforce_groups(context, username, uid) < 0) {
 618                                 r = EXIT_GROUP;
 619                                 goto fail;
 620                         }
 621
 622                 if (apply_chroot) {
 623                         if (context->root_directory)
 624                                 if (chroot(context->root_directory) < 0) {
 625                                         r = EXIT_CHROOT;
 626                                         goto fail;
 627                                 }
 628
 629                         if (chdir(context->working_directory ? context->working_directory : "/") < 0) {
 630                                 r = EXIT_CHDIR;
 631                                 goto fail;
 632                         }
 633                 } else {
 634
 635                         char *d;
 636
 637                         if (asprintf(&d, "%s/%s",
 638                                      context->root_directory ? context->root_directory : "",
 639                                      context->working_directory ? context->working_directory : "") < 0) {
 640                                 r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 641                                 goto fail;
 642                         }
 643
 644                         if (chdir(d) < 0) {
 645                                 free(d);
 646                                 r = EXIT_CHDIR;
 647                                 goto fail;
 648                         }
 649
 650                         free(d);
 651                 }
 652
 653                 if (close_fds(fds, n_fds) < 0 ||
 654                     shift_fds(fds, n_fds) < 0 ||
 655                     flags_fds(fds, n_fds, context->non_blocking) < 0) {
 656                         r = EXIT_FDS;
 657                         goto fail;
 658                 }
 659
 660                 if (apply_permissions) {
 661
 662                         for (i = 0; i < RLIMIT_NLIMITS; i++) {
 663                                 if (!context->rlimit[i])
 664                                         continue;
 665
 666                                 if (setrlimit(i, context->rlimit[i]) < 0) {
 667                                         r = EXIT_LIMITS;
 668                                         goto fail;
 669                                 }
 670                         }
 671
 672                         if (context->user)
 673                                 if (enforce_user(context, uid) < 0) {
 674                                         r = EXIT_USER;
 675                                         goto fail;
 676                                 }
 677
 678                         /* PR_GET_SECUREBITS is not priviliged, while
 679                          * PR_SET_SECUREBITS is. So to suppress
 680                          * potential EPERMs we'll try not to call
 681                          * PR_SET_SECUREBITS unless necessary. */
 682                         if (prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) != context->secure_bits)
 683                                 if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, context->secure_bits) < 0) {
 684                                         r = EXIT_SECUREBITS;
 685                                         goto fail;
 686                                 }
 687
 688                         if (context->capabilities)
 689                                 if (cap_set_proc(context->capabilities) < 0) {
 690                                         r = EXIT_CAPABILITIES;
 691                                         goto fail;
 692                                 }
 693                 }
 694
 695                 if (!(our_env = new0(char*, 6))) {
 696                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 697                         goto fail;
 698                 }
 699
 700                 if (n_fds > 0)
 701                         if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=%llu", (unsigned long long) getpid()) < 0 ||
 702                             asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", n_fds) < 0) {
 703                                 r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 704                                 goto fail;
 705                         }
 706
 707                 if (home)
 708                         if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home) < 0) {
 709                                 r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 710                                 goto fail;
 711                         }
 712
 713                 if (username)
 714                         if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", username) < 0 ||
 715                             asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "USER=%s", username) < 0) {
 716                                 r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 717                                 goto fail;
 718                         }
 719
 720                 if (!(final_env = strv_env_merge(environ, our_env, context->environment, NULL))) {
 721                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 722                         goto fail;
 723                 }
 724
 725                 execve(command->path, command->argv, final_env);
 726                 r = EXIT_EXEC;
 727
 728         fail:
 729                 strv_free(our_env);
 730                 strv_free(final_env);
 731
 732                 _exit(r);
 733         }
 734
 735
 736         log_debug("Forked %s as %llu", command->path, (unsigned long long) pid);
 737
 738         *ret = pid;
 739         return 0;
 740 }
 741
 742 void exec_context_init(ExecContext *c) {
 743         assert(c);
 744
 745         c->umask = 0002;
 746         c->oom_adjust = 0;
 747         c->oom_adjust_set = false;
 748         c->nice = 0;
 749         c->nice_set = false;
 750         c->ioprio = IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, 0);
 751         c->ioprio_set = false;
 752         c->cpu_sched_policy = SCHED_OTHER;
 753         c->cpu_sched_priority = 0;
 754         c->cpu_sched_set = false;
 755         CPU_ZERO(&c->cpu_affinity);
 756         c->cpu_affinity_set = false;
 757
 758         c->input = 0;
 759         c->output = 0;
 760         c->syslog_priority = LOG_DAEMON|LOG_INFO;
 761
 762         c->secure_bits = 0;
 763         c->capability_bounding_set_drop = 0;
 764 }
 765
 766 void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c) {
 767         unsigned l;
 768
 769         assert(c);
 770
 771         strv_free(c->environment);
 772         c->environment = NULL;
 773
 774         for (l = 0; l < ELEMENTSOF(c->rlimit); l++) {
 775                 free(c->rlimit[l]);
 776                 c->rlimit[l] = NULL;
 777         }
 778
 779         free(c->working_directory);
 780         c->working_directory = NULL;
 781         free(c->root_directory);
 782         c->root_directory = NULL;
 783
 784         free(c->syslog_identifier);
 785         c->syslog_identifier = NULL;
 786
 787         free(c->user);
 788         c->user = NULL;
 789
 790         free(c->group);
 791         c->group = NULL;
 792
 793         strv_free(c->supplementary_groups);
 794         c->supplementary_groups = NULL;
 795
 796         if (c->capabilities) {
 797                 cap_free(c->capabilities);
 798                 c->capabilities = NULL;
 799         }
 800 }
 801
 802 void exec_command_free_list(ExecCommand *c) {
 803         ExecCommand *i;
 804
 805         while ((i = c)) {
 806                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecCommand, command, c, i);
 807
 808                 free(i->path);
 809                 strv_free(i->argv);
 810                 free(i);
 811         }
 812 }
 813
 814 void exec_command_free_array(ExecCommand **c, unsigned n) {
 815         unsigned i;
 816
 817         for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 818                 exec_command_free_list(c[i]);
 819                 c[i] = NULL;
 820         }
 821 }
 822
 823 void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
 824         char ** e;
 825         unsigned i;
 826
 827         assert(c);
 828         assert(f);
 829
 830         if (!prefix)
 831                 prefix = "";
 832
 833         fprintf(f,
 834                 "%sUMask: %04o\n"
 835                 "%sWorkingDirectory: %s\n"
 836                 "%sRootDirectory: %s\n"
 837                 "%sNonBlocking: %s\n",
 838                 prefix, c->umask,
 839                 prefix, c->working_directory ? c->working_directory : "/",
 840                 prefix, c->root_directory ? c->root_directory : "/",
 841                 prefix, yes_no(c->non_blocking));
 842
 843         if (c->environment)
 844                 for (e = c->environment; *e; e++)
 845                         fprintf(f, "%sEnvironment: %s\n", prefix, *e);
 846
 847         if (c->nice_set)
 848                 fprintf(f,
 849                         "%sNice: %i\n",
 850                         prefix, c->nice);
 851
 852         if (c->oom_adjust_set)
 853                 fprintf(f,
 854                         "%sOOMAdjust: %i\n",
 855                         prefix, c->oom_adjust);
 856
 857         for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++)
 858                 if (c->rlimit[i])
 859                         fprintf(f, "%s%s: %llu\n", prefix, rlimit_to_string(i), (unsigned long long) c->rlimit[i]->rlim_max);
 860
 861         if (c->ioprio_set)
 862                 fprintf(f,
 863                         "%sIOSchedulingClass: %s\n"
 864                         "%sIOPriority: %i\n",
 865                         prefix, ioprio_class_to_string(IOPRIO_PRIO_CLASS(c->ioprio)),
 866                         prefix, (int) IOPRIO_PRIO_DATA(c->ioprio));
 867
 868         if (c->cpu_sched_set)
 869                 fprintf(f,
 870                         "%sCPUSchedulingPolicy: %s\n"
 871                         "%sCPUSchedulingPriority: %i\n"
 872                         "%sCPUSchedulingResetOnFork: %s\n",
 873                         prefix, sched_policy_to_string(c->cpu_sched_policy),
 874                         prefix, c->cpu_sched_priority,
 875                         prefix, yes_no(c->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork));
 876
 877         if (c->cpu_affinity_set) {
 878                 fprintf(f, "%sCPUAffinity:", prefix);
 879                 for (i = 0; i < CPU_SETSIZE; i++)
 880                         if (CPU_ISSET(i, &c->cpu_affinity))
 881                                 fprintf(f, " %i", i);
 882                 fputs("\n", f);
 883         }
 884
 885         if (c->timer_slack_ns_set)
 886                 fprintf(f, "%sTimerSlackNS: %lu\n", prefix, c->timer_slack_ns);
 887
 888         fprintf(f,
 889                 "%sInput: %s\n"
 890                 "%sOutput: %s\n",
 891                 prefix, exec_input_to_string(c->input),
 892                 prefix, exec_output_to_string(c->output));
 893
 894         if (c->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG || c->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL)
 895                 fprintf(f,
 896                         "%sSyslogFacility: %s\n"
 897                         "%sSyslogLevel: %s\n",
 898                         prefix, log_facility_to_string(LOG_FAC(c->syslog_priority)),
 899                         prefix, log_level_to_string(LOG_PRI(c->syslog_priority)));
 900
 901         if (c->capabilities) {
 902                 char *t;
 903                 if ((t = cap_to_text(c->capabilities, NULL))) {
 904                         fprintf(f, "%sCapabilities: %s\n",
 905                                 prefix, t);
 906                         cap_free(t);
 907                 }
 908         }
 909
 910         if (c->secure_bits)
 911                 fprintf(f, "%sSecure Bits:%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
 912                         prefix,
 913                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS) ? " keep-caps" : "",
 914                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED) ? " keep-caps-locked" : "",
 915                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP) ? " no-setuid-fixup" : "",
 916                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED) ? " no-setuid-fixup-locked" : "",
 917                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT) ? " noroot" : "",
 918                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED) ? "noroot-locked" : "");
 919
 920         if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop) {
 921                 fprintf(f, "%sCapabilityBoundingSetDrop:", prefix);
 922
 923                 for (i = 0; i <= CAP_LAST_CAP; i++)
 924                         if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop & (1 << i)) {
 925                                 char *t;
 926
 927                                 if ((t = cap_to_name(i))) {
 928                                         fprintf(f, " %s", t);
 929                                         free(t);
 930                                 }
 931                         }
 932
 933                 fputs("\n", f);
 934         }
 935
 936         if (c->user)
 937                 fprintf(f, "%sUser: %s", prefix, c->user);
 938         if (c->group)
 939                 fprintf(f, "%sGroup: %s", prefix, c->group);
 940
 941         if (c->supplementary_groups) {
 942                 char **g;
 943
 944                 fprintf(f, "%sSupplementaryGroups:", prefix);
 945
 946                 STRV_FOREACH(g, c->supplementary_groups)
 947                         fprintf(f, " %s", *g);
 948
 949                 fputs("\n", f);
 950         }
 951 }
 952
 953 void exec_status_fill(ExecStatus *s, pid_t pid, int code, int status) {
 954         assert(s);
 955
 956         s->pid = pid;
 957         s->code = code;
 958         s->status = status;
 959         s->timestamp = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
 960 }
 961
 962 char *exec_command_line(ExecCommand *c) {
 963         size_t k;
 964         char *n, *p, **a;
 965         bool first = true;
 966
 967         assert(c);
 968         assert(c->argv);
 969
 970         k = 1;
 971         STRV_FOREACH(a, c->argv)
 972                 k += strlen(*a)+3;
 973
 974         if (!(n = new(char, k)))
 975                 return NULL;
 976
 977         p = n;
 978         STRV_FOREACH(a, c->argv) {
 979
 980                 if (!first)
 981                         *(p++) = ' ';
 982                 else
 983                         first = false;
 984
 985                 if (strpbrk(*a, WHITESPACE)) {
 986                         *(p++) = '\'';
 987                         p = stpcpy(p, *a);
 988                         *(p++) = '\'';
 989                 } else
 990                         p = stpcpy(p, *a);
 991
 992         }
 993
 994         *p = 0;
 995
 996         /* FIXME: this doesn't really handle arguments that have
 997          * spaces and ticks in them */
 998
 999         return n;
1000 }
1001
1002 void exec_command_dump(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1003         char *cmd;
1004
1005         assert(c);
1006         assert(f);
1007
1008         if (!prefix)
1009                 prefix = "";
1010
1011         cmd = exec_command_line(c);
1012
1013         fprintf(f,
1014                 "%sCommand Line: %s\n",
1015                 prefix, cmd ? cmd : strerror(ENOMEM));
1016
1017         free(cmd);
1018 }
1019
1020 void exec_command_dump_list(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1021         assert(f);
1022
1023         if (!prefix)
1024                 prefix = "";
1025
1026         LIST_FOREACH(command, c, c)
1027                 exec_command_dump(c, f, prefix);
1028 }
1029
1030 void exec_command_append_list(ExecCommand **l, ExecCommand *e) {
1031         ExecCommand *end;
1032
1033         assert(l);
1034         assert(e);
1035
1036         if (*l) {
1037                 /* It's kinda important that we keep the order here */
1038                 LIST_FIND_TAIL(ExecCommand, command, *l, end);
1039                 LIST_INSERT_AFTER(ExecCommand, command, *l, end, e);
1040         } else
1041               *l = e;
1042 }
1043
1044 static const char* const exec_output_table[_EXEC_OUTPUT_MAX] = {
1045         [EXEC_OUTPUT_CONSOLE] = "console",
1046         [EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL] = "null",
1047         [EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG] = "syslog",
1048         [EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL] = "kernel"
1049 };
1050
1051 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_output, ExecOutput);
1052
1053 static const char* const exec_input_table[_EXEC_INPUT_MAX] = {
1054         [EXEC_INPUT_NULL] = "null",
1055         [EXEC_INPUT_CONSOLE] = "console"
1056 };
1057
1058 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_input, ExecInput);