5 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
6 are always updated with a test run now.
8 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
9 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems).
15 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
16 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
17 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
18 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
20 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
21 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
22 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
24 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
25 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
26 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
27 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
29 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
30 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
31 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
32 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
33 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
34 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
35 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
36 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
37 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
39 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
40 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
41 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
42 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
43 name in the by-id/ directory.
44 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
45 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
46 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
47 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
49 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
50 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
51 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
52 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
53 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
59 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
66 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
70 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
71 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
72 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
73 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
74 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
76 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
77 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
78 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
80 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
81 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
82 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
83 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
86 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
87 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
88 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
89 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
90 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
91 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
93 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
94 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
95 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
96 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
97 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
98 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
99 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
100 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
101 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
102 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
103 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
104 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
109 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
110 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
114 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
116 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
117 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
118 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
119 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
120 other keys per rule are gone.
122 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
123 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
124 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
125 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
127 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
128 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
129 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
131 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
132 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
138 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
139 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
140 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
141 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
142 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
143 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
147 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
148 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
151 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
152 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
153 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
155 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
158 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
159 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
160 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
166 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
167 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
168 option which is not affected.
170 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
171 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
177 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
178 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
179 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
182 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
183 some deprecated functions are removed.
185 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
186 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
187 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
189 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
190 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
195 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
198 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
200 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
204 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
205 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
207 compile-in verbose debug messages
209 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
211 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
214 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
215 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
216 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
218 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
219 they should be provided by the package.
225 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
226 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
227 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
229 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
230 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
231 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
232 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
235 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
236 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
239 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
240 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
241 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
246 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
252 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
253 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
259 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
262 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
263 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
264 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
265 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
271 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
272 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
273 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
274 udev (and the kernel).
280 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
282 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
283 udevtest are no longer created.
285 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
288 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
289 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
300 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
301 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
307 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
308 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
309 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
310 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
311 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
313 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
314 udevadm in the list of files.
324 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
325 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
326 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
327 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
328 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
329 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
330 in etc/udev/packages/.
336 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
337 actions by dynamically created rules.
339 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
340 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
341 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
343 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
344 program and not record as a failed event.
350 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
356 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
357 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
358 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
359 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
360 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
362 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
363 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
364 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
366 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
367 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
373 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
374 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
375 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
376 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
377 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
379 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
380 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
386 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
396 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
397 from the udev package.
403 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
404 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
405 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
406 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
407 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
408 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
409 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
412 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
413 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
415 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
416 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
417 the devices we are looking for.
419 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
420 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
421 the same SCSI identifiers.
423 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
424 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
425 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
426 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
427 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
428 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
429 that run programs only for the matching events.
439 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
440 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
441 included in the match.
443 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
451 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
452 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
453 storage area of their music players.
457 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
461 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
462 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
463 action that crashes the box.
465 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
466 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
467 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
468 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
469 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
471 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
472 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
477 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
483 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
484 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
486 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
487 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
488 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
491 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
492 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
493 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
494 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
495 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
497 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
498 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
504 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
505 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
506 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
507 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
508 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
510 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
511 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
512 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
513 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
514 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
517 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
518 event device. Instead of:
519 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
521 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
523 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
525 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
527 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
528 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
529 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
530 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
531 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
532 no longer carry this property of a parent and
533 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
534 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
535 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
536 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
537 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
538 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
539 in most cases it will be empty.
541 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
542 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
543 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
544 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
545 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
546 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
547 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
549 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
550 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
551 no database file was created by udev.
553 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
554 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
555 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
559 Bugfixes and small improvements.
563 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
569 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
570 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
574 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
578 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
579 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
587 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
588 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
589 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
590 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
591 fix possibly broken rules.
595 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
596 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
597 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
598 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
602 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
603 also skipped optical IDE drives.
605 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
607 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
608 packaging process and not at build time.
610 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
611 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
612 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
613 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
614 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
618 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
619 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
621 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
622 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
623 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
625 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
626 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
630 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
632 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
636 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
637 events for the same device.
641 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
643 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
648 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
649 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
650 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
651 received the event for.
653 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
658 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
660 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
661 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
662 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
663 the end of the program name to prevent this.
664 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
665 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
666 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
670 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
671 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
672 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
673 included in a package.
675 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
676 the ignore rule was applied.
678 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
679 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
680 should be requested by their subsytem.
682 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
684 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
685 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
687 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
688 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
689 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
690 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
691 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
694 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
695 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
696 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
697 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
698 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
699 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
700 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
701 for changed parent chains.
705 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
706 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
708 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
709 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
711 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
712 to make %b simpler and working again.
716 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
717 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
718 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
719 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
720 change. They will be fixed immediately.
722 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
723 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
724 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
725 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
726 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
728 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
729 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
730 the sysfs "modalias" value.
732 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
736 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
738 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
739 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
741 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
742 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
746 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
747 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
748 mentioned on the hotplug list:
749 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
752 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
756 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
757 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
758 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
762 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
763 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
764 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
765 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
766 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
767 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
769 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
770 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
772 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
773 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
774 still private to udev and can change at any time.
776 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
777 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
778 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
779 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
781 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
782 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
783 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
786 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
787 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
788 before starting the daemon.
792 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
795 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
796 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
800 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
801 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
803 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
804 without any queuing now.
808 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
809 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
810 version of udev anymore.
814 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
815 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
816 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
817 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
818 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
820 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
821 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
822 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
823 device removal and the udev database will not work.
825 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
828 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
832 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
834 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
835 non-writable /tmp directory.
837 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
838 let's see who can break this again. :)
840 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
841 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
842 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
843 versions will _not_ create these devices!
847 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
852 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
853 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
854 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
855 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
856 export it to the filesystem.
860 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
861 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
866 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
867 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
868 available while we try to run external programs.
869 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
873 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
874 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
875 grab it from here. :)
879 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
881 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
882 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
883 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
887 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
889 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
891 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
892 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
897 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
901 Mostly a Bugfix release.
903 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
904 timing with custom rules.
908 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
909 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
911 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
912 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
913 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
915 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
923 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
924 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
925 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
926 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
928 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
929 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
930 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
932 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
933 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
934 bypass the driver core.
936 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
937 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
938 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
939 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
940 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
941 from a rule if needed:
942 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
943 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
944 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
945 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
946 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
947 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
949 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
950 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
951 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
952 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
954 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
955 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
956 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
958 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
959 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
960 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
961 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
962 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
964 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
965 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
966 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
967 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
970 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
971 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
972 to export the probed data in environment key format:
973 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
974 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
975 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
979 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
980 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
983 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
986 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
987 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
989 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
990 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
991 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
993 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
994 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
995 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
996 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
998 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
999 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1000 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1003 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1004 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1005 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1006 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1007 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1008 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1010 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1011 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1012 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1013 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1017 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1018 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1022 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1023 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1024 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1028 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1029 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1031 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1032 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1033 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1034 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1036 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1037 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1038 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1040 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1041 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1043 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1044 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1045 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1046 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1047 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1048 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1049 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1054 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1055 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1056 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1060 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1062 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1063 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1065 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1066 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1068 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1069 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1070 character class negations like:
1071 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1072 this can now be replaced with:
1074 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1075 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1077 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1080 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1081 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob