4 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
5 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
9 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
11 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
12 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
13 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
14 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
15 other keys per rule are gone.
17 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
18 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
19 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
20 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
22 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
23 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
24 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
26 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
27 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
33 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
34 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
35 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
36 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
37 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
38 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
42 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
43 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
46 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
47 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
48 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
50 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
53 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
54 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
55 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
61 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
62 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
63 option which is not affected.
65 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
66 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
72 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
73 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
74 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
77 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
78 some deprecated functions are removed.
80 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
81 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
82 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
84 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
85 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
90 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
93 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
95 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
99 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
100 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
102 compile-in verbose debug messages
104 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
106 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
109 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
110 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
111 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
113 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
114 they should be provided by the package.
120 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
121 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
122 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
124 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
125 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
126 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
127 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
130 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
131 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
134 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
135 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
136 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
141 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
147 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
148 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
154 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
157 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
158 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
159 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
160 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
166 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
167 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
168 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
169 udev (and the kernel).
175 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
177 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
178 udevtest are no longer created.
180 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
183 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
184 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
195 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
196 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
202 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
203 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
204 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
205 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
206 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
208 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
209 udevadm in the list of files.
219 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
220 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
221 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
222 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
223 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
224 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
225 in etc/udev/packages/.
231 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
232 actions by dynamically created rules.
234 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
235 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
236 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
238 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
239 program and not record as a failed event.
245 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
251 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
252 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
253 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
254 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
255 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
257 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
258 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
259 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
261 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
262 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
268 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
269 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
270 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
271 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
272 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
274 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
275 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
281 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
291 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
292 from the udev package.
298 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
299 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
300 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
301 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
302 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
303 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
304 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
307 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
308 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
310 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
311 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
312 the devices we are looking for.
314 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
315 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
316 the same SCSI identifiers.
318 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
319 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
320 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
321 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
322 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
323 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
324 that run programs only for the matching events.
334 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
335 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
336 included in the match.
338 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
346 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
347 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
348 storage area of their music players.
352 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
356 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
357 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
358 action that crashes the box.
360 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
361 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
362 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
363 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
364 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
366 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
367 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
372 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
378 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
379 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
381 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
382 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
383 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
386 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
387 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
388 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
389 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
390 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
392 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
393 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
399 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
400 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
401 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
402 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
403 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
405 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
406 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
407 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
408 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
409 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
412 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
413 event device. Instead of:
414 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
416 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
418 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
420 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
422 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
423 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
424 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
425 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
426 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
427 no longer carry this property of a parent and
428 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
429 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
430 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
431 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
432 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
433 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
434 in most cases it will be empty.
436 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
437 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
438 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
439 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
440 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
441 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
442 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
444 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
445 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
446 no database file was created by udev.
448 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
449 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
450 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
454 Bugfixes and small improvements.
458 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
464 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
465 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
469 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
473 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
474 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
482 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
483 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
484 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
485 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
486 fix possibly broken rules.
490 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
491 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
492 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
493 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
497 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
498 also skipped optical IDE drives.
500 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
502 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
503 packaging process and not at build time.
505 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
506 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
507 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
508 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
509 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
513 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
514 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
516 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
517 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
518 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
520 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
521 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
525 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
527 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
531 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
532 events for the same device.
536 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
538 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
543 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
544 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
545 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
546 received the event for.
548 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
553 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
555 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
556 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
557 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
558 the end of the program name to prevent this.
559 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
560 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
561 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
565 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
566 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
567 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
568 included in a package.
570 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
571 the ignore rule was applied.
573 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
574 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
575 should be requested by their subsytem.
577 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
579 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
580 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
582 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
583 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
584 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
585 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
586 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
589 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
590 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
591 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
592 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
593 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
594 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
595 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
596 for changed parent chains.
600 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
601 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
603 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
604 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
606 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
607 to make %b simpler and working again.
611 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
612 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
613 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
614 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
615 change. They will be fixed immediately.
617 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
618 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
619 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
620 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
621 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
623 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
624 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
625 the sysfs "modalias" value.
627 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
631 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
633 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
634 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
636 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
637 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
641 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
642 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
643 mentioned on the hotplug list:
644 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
647 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
651 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
652 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
653 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
657 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
658 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
659 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
660 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
661 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
662 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
664 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
665 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
667 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
668 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
669 still private to udev and can change at any time.
671 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
672 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
673 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
674 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
676 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
677 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
678 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
681 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
682 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
683 before starting the daemon.
687 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
690 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
691 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
695 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
696 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
698 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
699 without any queuing now.
703 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
704 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
705 version of udev anymore.
709 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
710 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
711 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
712 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
713 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
715 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
716 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
717 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
718 device removal and the udev database will not work.
720 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
723 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
727 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
729 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
730 non-writable /tmp directory.
732 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
733 let's see who can break this again. :)
735 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
736 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
737 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
738 versions will _not_ create these devices!
742 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
747 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
748 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
749 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
750 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
751 export it to the filesystem.
755 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
756 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
761 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
762 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
763 available while we try to run external programs.
764 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
768 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
769 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
770 grab it from here. :)
774 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
776 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
777 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
778 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
782 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
784 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
786 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
787 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
792 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
796 Mostly a Bugfix release.
798 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
799 timing with custom rules.
803 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
804 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
806 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
807 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
808 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
810 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
818 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
819 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
820 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
821 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
823 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
824 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
825 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
827 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
828 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
829 bypass the driver core.
831 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
832 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
833 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
834 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
835 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
836 from a rule if needed:
837 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
838 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
839 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
840 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
841 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
842 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
844 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
845 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
846 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
847 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
849 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
850 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
851 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
853 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
854 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
855 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
856 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
857 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
859 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
860 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
861 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
862 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
865 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
866 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
867 to export the probed data in environment key format:
868 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
869 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
870 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
874 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
875 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
878 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
881 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
882 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
884 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
885 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
886 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
888 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
889 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
890 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
891 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
893 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
894 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
895 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
898 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
899 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
900 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
901 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
902 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
903 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
905 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
906 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
907 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
908 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
912 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
913 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
917 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
918 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
919 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
923 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
924 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
926 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
927 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
928 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
929 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
931 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
932 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
933 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
935 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
936 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
938 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
939 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
940 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
941 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
942 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
943 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
944 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
949 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
950 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
951 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
955 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
957 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
958 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
960 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
961 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
963 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
964 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
965 character class negations like:
966 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
967 this can now be replaced with:
969 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
970 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
972 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
975 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
976 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob