8 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
9 are always updated with a test run now.
11 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
12 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
13 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
19 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
20 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
21 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
22 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
24 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
25 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
26 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
28 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
29 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
30 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
31 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
33 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
34 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
35 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
36 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
37 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
38 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
39 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
40 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
41 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
43 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
44 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
45 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
46 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
47 name in the by-id/ directory.
48 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
49 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
50 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
51 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
53 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
54 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
55 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
56 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
57 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
63 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
70 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
74 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
75 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
76 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
77 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
78 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
80 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
81 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
82 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
84 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
85 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
86 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
87 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
90 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
91 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
92 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
93 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
94 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
95 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
97 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
98 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
99 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
100 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
101 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
102 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
103 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
104 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
105 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
106 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
107 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
108 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
113 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
114 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
118 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
120 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
121 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
122 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
123 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
124 other keys per rule are gone.
126 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
127 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
128 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
129 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
131 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
132 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
133 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
135 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
136 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
142 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
143 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
144 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
145 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
146 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
147 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
151 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
152 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
155 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
156 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
157 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
159 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
162 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
163 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
164 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
170 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
171 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
172 option which is not affected.
174 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
175 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
181 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
182 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
183 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
186 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
187 some deprecated functions are removed.
189 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
190 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
191 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
193 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
194 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
199 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
202 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
204 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
208 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
209 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
211 compile-in verbose debug messages
213 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
215 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
218 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
219 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
220 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
222 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
223 they should be provided by the package.
229 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
230 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
231 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
233 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
234 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
235 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
236 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
239 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
240 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
243 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
244 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
245 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
250 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
256 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
257 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
263 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
266 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
267 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
268 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
269 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
275 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
276 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
277 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
278 udev (and the kernel).
284 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
286 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
287 udevtest are no longer created.
289 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
292 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
293 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
304 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
305 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
311 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
312 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
313 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
314 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
315 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
317 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
318 udevadm in the list of files.
328 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
329 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
330 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
331 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
332 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
333 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
334 in etc/udev/packages/.
340 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
341 actions by dynamically created rules.
343 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
344 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
345 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
347 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
348 program and not record as a failed event.
354 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
360 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
361 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
362 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
363 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
364 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
366 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
367 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
368 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
370 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
371 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
377 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
378 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
379 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
380 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
381 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
383 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
384 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
390 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
400 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
401 from the udev package.
407 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
408 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
409 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
410 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
411 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
412 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
413 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
416 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
417 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
419 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
420 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
421 the devices we are looking for.
423 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
424 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
425 the same SCSI identifiers.
427 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
428 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
429 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
430 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
431 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
432 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
433 that run programs only for the matching events.
443 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
444 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
445 included in the match.
447 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
455 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
456 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
457 storage area of their music players.
461 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
465 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
466 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
467 action that crashes the box.
469 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
470 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
471 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
472 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
473 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
475 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
476 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
481 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
487 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
488 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
490 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
491 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
492 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
495 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
496 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
497 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
498 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
499 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
501 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
502 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
508 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
509 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
510 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
511 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
512 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
514 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
515 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
516 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
517 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
518 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
521 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
522 event device. Instead of:
523 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
525 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
527 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
529 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
531 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
532 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
533 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
534 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
535 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
536 no longer carry this property of a parent and
537 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
538 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
539 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
540 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
541 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
542 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
543 in most cases it will be empty.
545 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
546 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
547 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
548 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
549 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
550 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
551 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
553 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
554 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
555 no database file was created by udev.
557 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
558 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
559 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
563 Bugfixes and small improvements.
567 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
573 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
574 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
578 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
582 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
583 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
591 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
592 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
593 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
594 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
595 fix possibly broken rules.
599 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
600 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
601 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
602 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
606 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
607 also skipped optical IDE drives.
609 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
611 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
612 packaging process and not at build time.
614 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
615 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
616 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
617 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
618 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
622 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
623 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
625 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
626 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
627 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
629 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
630 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
634 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
636 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
640 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
641 events for the same device.
645 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
647 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
652 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
653 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
654 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
655 received the event for.
657 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
662 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
664 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
665 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
666 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
667 the end of the program name to prevent this.
668 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
669 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
670 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
674 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
675 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
676 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
677 included in a package.
679 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
680 the ignore rule was applied.
682 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
683 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
684 should be requested by their subsytem.
686 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
688 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
689 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
691 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
692 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
693 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
694 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
695 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
698 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
699 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
700 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
701 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
702 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
703 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
704 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
705 for changed parent chains.
709 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
710 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
712 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
713 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
715 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
716 to make %b simpler and working again.
720 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
721 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
722 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
723 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
724 change. They will be fixed immediately.
726 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
727 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
728 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
729 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
730 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
732 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
733 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
734 the sysfs "modalias" value.
736 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
740 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
742 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
743 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
745 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
746 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
750 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
751 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
752 mentioned on the hotplug list:
753 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
756 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
760 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
761 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
762 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
766 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
767 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
768 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
769 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
770 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
771 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
773 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
774 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
776 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
777 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
778 still private to udev and can change at any time.
780 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
781 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
782 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
783 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
785 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
786 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
787 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
790 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
791 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
792 before starting the daemon.
796 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
799 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
800 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
804 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
805 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
807 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
808 without any queuing now.
812 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
813 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
814 version of udev anymore.
818 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
819 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
820 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
821 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
822 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
824 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
825 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
826 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
827 device removal and the udev database will not work.
829 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
832 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
836 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
838 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
839 non-writable /tmp directory.
841 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
842 let's see who can break this again. :)
844 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
845 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
846 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
847 versions will _not_ create these devices!
851 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
856 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
857 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
858 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
859 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
860 export it to the filesystem.
864 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
865 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
870 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
871 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
872 available while we try to run external programs.
873 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
877 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
878 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
879 grab it from here. :)
883 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
885 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
886 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
887 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
891 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
893 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
895 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
896 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
901 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
905 Mostly a Bugfix release.
907 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
908 timing with custom rules.
912 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
913 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
915 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
916 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
917 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
919 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
927 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
928 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
929 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
930 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
932 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
933 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
934 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
936 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
937 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
938 bypass the driver core.
940 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
941 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
942 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
943 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
944 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
945 from a rule if needed:
946 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
947 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
948 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
949 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
950 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
951 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
953 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
954 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
955 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
956 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
958 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
959 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
960 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
962 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
963 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
964 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
965 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
966 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
968 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
969 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
970 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
971 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
974 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
975 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
976 to export the probed data in environment key format:
977 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
978 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
979 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
983 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
984 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
987 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
990 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
991 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
993 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
994 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
995 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
997 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
998 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
999 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1000 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1002 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1003 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1004 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1007 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1008 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1009 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1010 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1011 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1012 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1014 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1015 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1016 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1017 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1021 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1022 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1026 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1027 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1028 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1032 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1033 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1035 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1036 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1037 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1038 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1040 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1041 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1042 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1044 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1045 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1047 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1048 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1049 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1050 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1051 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1052 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1053 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1058 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1059 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1060 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1064 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1066 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1067 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1069 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1070 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1072 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1073 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1074 character class negations like:
1075 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1076 this can now be replaced with:
1078 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1079 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1081 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1084 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1085 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob