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diff --git a/man/journalctl.xml b/man/journalctl.xml
index cd17ca6ae..3786fdf51 100644
--- a/man/journalctl.xml
+++ b/man/journalctl.xml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
journal as written by
systemd-journald.service8.
- If called without parameter will show the full
+ If called without parameter it will show the full
contents of the journal, starting with the oldest
entry collected.
@@ -86,6 +86,15 @@
command line all matches before and after are combined
in a disjunction (i.e. logical OR).
+ As shortcuts for a few types of field/value
+ matches file paths may be specified. If a file path
+ refers to an executable file, this is equivalent to an
+ _EXE= match for the canonicalized
+ binary path. Similar, if a path refers to a device
+ node, this is equivalent to a
+ _KERNEL_DEVICE= match for the
+ device.
+
Output is interleaved from all accessible
journal files, whether they are rotated or currently
being written, and regardless whether they belong to the
@@ -140,7 +149,7 @@
- Show only most recent
+ Show only the most recent
journal entries, and continuously print
new entries as they are appended to
the journal.
@@ -152,11 +161,14 @@
Controls the number of
journal lines to show, counting from
- the most recent ones. Takes a positive
- integer argument. In follow mode
- defaults to 10, otherwise is unset
- thus not limiting how many lines are
- shown.
+ the most recent ones. The argument is
+ optional, and if specified is a
+ positive integer. If not specified and
+ in follow mode defaults to 10. If this
+ option is not passed and follow mode
+ is not enabled, how many lines are
+ shown is not
+ limited.
@@ -180,6 +192,8 @@
verbose,
export,
json,
+ json-pretty,
+ json-sse,
cat. short
is the default and generates an output
that is mostly identical to the
@@ -200,7 +214,18 @@
Export Format for more
information). json
formats entries as JSON data
- structures. cat
+ structures, one per
+ line. json-pretty
+ also formats entries as JSON data
+ structures, but formats them in
+ multiple lines in order to make them
+ more readable for
+ humans. json-sse
+ also formats entries as JSON data
+ structures, but wraps them in a format
+ suitable for Server-Sent
+ Events. cat
generates a very terse output only
showing the actual message of each
journal entry with no meta data, not
@@ -218,11 +243,13 @@
-
-
+
+
- Show only locally
- generated messages.
+ Show entries
+ interleaved from all available
+ journals, including remote
+ ones.
@@ -234,40 +261,55 @@
-
-
+
+
- Takes an absolute
- directory path as argument. If
- specified will operate on the
- specified journal directory instead of
- the default runtime and system journal
- paths.
+ Start showing entries
+ from the location in the journal
+ specified by the passed
+ cursor.
-
-
- Instead of showing
- journal contents generate a new 128
- bit ID suitable for identifying
- messages. This is intended for usage
- by developers who need a new
- identifier for a new message they
- introduce and want to make
- recognizable. Will print the new ID in
- three different formats which can be
- copied into source code or
- similar.
+
+
+
+ Start showing entries
+ newer or of the specified date,
+ resp. older or of the specified
+ date. Date specifications should be of
+ the format "2012-10-30 18:17:16". If
+ the time part is omitted, 00:00:00 is
+ assumed. If only the seconds component
+ is omitted, :00 is assumed. If the
+ date component is ommitted, the
+ current day is assumed. Alternatively
+ the strings
+ yesterday,
+ today,
+ tomorrow are
+ understood, which refer to 00:00:00 of
+ the day before the current day, the
+ current day, resp the day after the
+ current day. now
+ refers to the current time. Finally,
+ relative times may be specified,
+ prefixed with - or
+ +, referring to
+ times before resp. after the current
+ time.
-
+
+
- Instead of showing
- journal contents show internal header
- information of the journal fiels
- accessed.
+ Takes an absolute
+ directory path as argument. If
+ specified journalctl will operate on the
+ specified journal directory instead of
+ the default runtime and system journal
+ paths.
@@ -294,7 +336,7 @@
info (6),
debug (7). If a
single log level is specified all
- messages with this log levels or a
+ messages with this log level or a
lower (hence more important) log level
are shown. If a range is specified all
messages within the range are shown,
@@ -302,6 +344,89 @@
value of the range.
+
+
+
+ Instead of showing
+ journal contents generate a new 128
+ bit ID suitable for identifying
+ messages. This is intended for usage
+ by developers who need a new
+ identifier for a new message they
+ introduce and want to make
+ recognizable. Will print the new ID in
+ three different formats which can be
+ copied into source code or
+ similar.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Instead of showing
+ journal contents show internal header
+ information of the journal fields
+ accessed.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Shows the current disk
+ usage of all
+ journal files.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Instead of showing
+ journal contents generate a new key
+ pair for Forward Secure Sealing
+ (FSS). This will generate a sealing
+ key and a verification key. The
+ sealing key is stored in the journal
+ data directory and shall remain on the
+ host. The verification key should be
+ stored externally.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Specifies the change
+ interval for the sealing key, when
+ generating an FSS key pair with
+ . Shorter
+ intervals increase CPU consumption but
+ shorten the time range of
+ undetectable journal
+ alterations. Defaults to
+ 15min.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Check the journal file
+ for internal consistency. If the
+ file has been generated with FSS
+ enabled, and the FSS verification key
+ has been specified with
+
+ authenticity of the journal file is
+ verified.
+
+
+
+
+
+ Specifies the FSS
+ verification key to use for the
+
+ operation.
+
+
@@ -349,7 +474,7 @@
journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.serviceIf the separator "+" is used
- two expression may be combined in a logical OR. The
+ two expressions may be combined in a logical OR. The
following will show all messages from the Avahi
service process with the PID 28097 plus all messages
from the D-Bus service (from any of its
@@ -357,6 +482,14 @@
journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _PID=28097 + _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.service
+ Show all logs generated by the D-Bus executable:
+
+ journalctl /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
+
+ Show all logs of the kernel device node /dev/sda:
+
+ journalctl /dev/sda
+