1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
42 #include <sys/inotify.h>
46 #include <sys/prctl.h>
47 #include <sys/utsname.h>
49 #include <netinet/ip.h>
60 #include "exit-status.h"
62 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
64 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
75 usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) {
78 assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0);
80 return timespec_load(&ts);
83 dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_get(dual_timestamp *ts) {
86 ts->realtime = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
87 ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
92 usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) {
96 (usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
97 (usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
100 struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) {
103 ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
104 ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC);
109 usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) {
113 (usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
114 (usec_t) tv->tv_usec;
117 struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) {
120 tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
121 tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC);
126 bool endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
133 pl = strlen(postfix);
141 return memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) == 0;
144 bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
159 return memcmp(s, prefix, pl) == 0;
162 bool startswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
178 for(i = 0; i < pl; ++i) {
179 if (tolower(s[i]) != tolower(prefix[i]))
186 bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
201 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
205 strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]);
208 int close_nointr(int fd) {
214 if ((r = close(fd)) >= 0)
222 void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) {
223 int saved_errno = errno;
225 /* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno
228 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0);
233 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
236 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
237 close_nointr_nofail(fds[i]);
240 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
243 if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on"))
245 else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off"))
251 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
259 if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0)
264 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
274 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
282 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
284 if (!x || *x || errno)
285 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
287 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
290 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
294 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
302 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
304 if (!x || *x || errno)
305 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
307 if ((long) (int) l != l)
314 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
316 unsigned long long l;
322 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
324 if (!x || *x || errno)
325 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
331 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
339 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
341 if (!x || *x || errno)
342 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
348 /* Split a string into words. */
349 char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) {
352 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
354 if (!*current || *c == 0)
357 current += strspn(current, separator);
358 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
361 return (char*) current;
364 /* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and
365 * "" as words even if they include spaces. */
366 char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) {
368 bool escaped = false;
370 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
372 if (!*current || *c == 0)
375 current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE);
377 if (*current == '\'') {
380 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
390 *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
391 } else if (*current == '\"') {
394 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
404 *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1;
406 for (e = current; *e; e++) {
411 else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
418 return (char*) current;
421 char **split_path_and_make_absolute(const char *p) {
425 if (!(l = strv_split(p, ":")))
428 if (!strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(l)) {
436 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
439 char fn[132], line[256], *p;
445 assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
446 fn[sizeof(fn)-1] = 0;
448 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "r")))
451 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
459 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
460 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
461 * skip over it manually */
463 if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
474 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
477 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
482 int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) {
489 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "we")))
492 if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
503 int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) {
511 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
514 if (!(fgets(t, sizeof(t), f))) {
519 if (!(c = strdup(t))) {
532 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
535 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
539 int get_process_name(pid_t pid, char **name) {
546 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/comm", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
549 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
559 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, char **line) {
567 assert(max_length > 0);
570 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0)
579 if (!(r = new(char, max_length))) {
586 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
608 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
616 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
623 if ((h = get_process_name(pid, &t)) < 0)
626 h = asprintf(&r, "[%s]", t);
637 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
645 return strndup(suffix, b);
655 if (!(r = new(char, a+b+1)))
659 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
665 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
666 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
669 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) {
679 if (!(c = new(char, l)))
682 if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) {
688 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
699 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
706 if ((j = readlink_malloc(p, &target)) < 0)
709 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
719 int parent_of_path(const char *path, char **_r) {
720 const char *e, *a = NULL, *b = NULL, *p;
730 for (e = path; *e; e++) {
732 if (!slash && *e == '/') {
736 } else if (slash && *e != '/')
751 r = strndup(path, p-path);
761 char *file_name_from_path(const char *p) {
766 if ((r = strrchr(p, '/')))
772 bool path_is_absolute(const char *p) {
778 bool is_path(const char *p) {
780 return !!strchr(p, '/');
783 char *path_make_absolute(const char *p, const char *prefix) {
788 /* Makes every item in the list an absolute path by prepending
789 * the prefix, if specified and necessary */
791 if (path_is_absolute(p) || !prefix)
794 if (asprintf(&r, "%s/%s", prefix, p) < 0)
800 char *path_make_absolute_cwd(const char *p) {
805 /* Similar to path_make_absolute(), but prefixes with the
806 * current working directory. */
808 if (path_is_absolute(p))
811 if (!(cwd = get_current_dir_name()))
814 r = path_make_absolute(p, cwd);
820 char **strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(char **l) {
823 /* Goes through every item in the string list and makes it
824 * absolute. This works in place and won't rollback any
825 * changes on failure. */
830 if (!(t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s)))
840 char **strv_path_canonicalize(char **l) {
848 /* Goes through every item in the string list and canonicalize
849 * the path. This works in place and won't rollback any
850 * changes on failure. */
855 t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s);
864 u = canonicalize_file_name(t);
868 if (errno == ENOMEM || !errno)
885 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
888 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
891 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
895 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
896 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
898 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
899 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
900 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
908 char *strstrip(char *s) {
911 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
912 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
914 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
917 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
928 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
931 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
933 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
945 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
952 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
953 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
956 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
957 return strdup(filename);
959 if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
960 return strdup(filename);
962 k = strlen(filename);
963 if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
966 memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
967 memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
972 int safe_mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
975 if (label_mkdir(path, mode) >= 0)
976 if (chmod_and_chown(path, mode, uid, gid) < 0)
979 if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
982 if ((st.st_mode & 0777) != mode ||
985 !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
994 int mkdir_parents(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
999 /* Creates every parent directory in the path except the last
1002 p = path + strspn(path, "/");
1007 e = p + strcspn(p, "/");
1008 p = e + strspn(e, "/");
1010 /* Is this the last component? If so, then we're
1015 if (!(t = strndup(path, e - path)))
1018 r = label_mkdir(t, mode);
1021 if (r < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
1026 int mkdir_p(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
1031 if ((r = mkdir_parents(path, mode)) < 0)
1034 if (label_mkdir(path, mode) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
1040 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
1049 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1050 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1056 /* Skip last component */
1057 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
1060 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1061 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1067 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1070 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1079 if (errno != ENOENT)
1087 char hexchar(int x) {
1088 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1090 return table[x & 15];
1093 int unhexchar(char c) {
1095 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1098 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1099 return c - 'a' + 10;
1101 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1102 return c - 'A' + 10;
1107 char octchar(int x) {
1108 return '0' + (x & 7);
1111 int unoctchar(char c) {
1113 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1119 char decchar(int x) {
1120 return '0' + (x % 10);
1123 int undecchar(char c) {
1125 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1131 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1137 /* Does C style string escaping. */
1139 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1)))
1142 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1188 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
1189 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
1190 * g_strescape() does the same */
1191 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
1193 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
1194 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
1195 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
1206 char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
1212 /* Undoes C style string escaping */
1214 if (!(r = new(char, length+1)))
1217 for (f = s, t = r; f < s + length; f++) {
1260 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1265 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1268 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1269 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1270 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1274 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1289 /* octal encoding */
1292 if ((a = unoctchar(f[0])) < 0 ||
1293 (b = unoctchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1294 (c = unoctchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1295 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1299 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
1307 /* premature end of string.*/
1312 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1324 char *cunescape(const char *s) {
1325 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
1328 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1332 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1333 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1336 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4+1)))
1339 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1341 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1342 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1345 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1346 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1356 char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) {
1362 /* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal
1363 * with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */
1365 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1)))
1368 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1370 if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') &&
1371 !(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') &&
1372 !(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) {
1374 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1375 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1385 char *bus_path_unescape(const char *f) {
1390 if (!(r = strdup(f)))
1393 for (t = r; *f; f++) {
1398 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1399 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1400 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1403 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1415 char *path_kill_slashes(char *path) {
1419 /* Removes redundant inner and trailing slashes. Modifies the
1420 * passed string in-place.
1422 * ///foo///bar/ becomes /foo/bar
1425 for (f = path, t = path; *f; f++) {
1440 /* Special rule, if we are talking of the root directory, a
1441 trailing slash is good */
1443 if (t == path && slash)
1450 bool path_startswith(const char *path, const char *prefix) {
1454 if ((path[0] == '/') != (prefix[0] == '/'))
1460 path += strspn(path, "/");
1461 prefix += strspn(prefix, "/");
1469 a = strcspn(path, "/");
1470 b = strcspn(prefix, "/");
1475 if (memcmp(path, prefix, a) != 0)
1483 bool path_equal(const char *a, const char *b) {
1487 if ((a[0] == '/') != (b[0] == '/'))
1493 a += strspn(a, "/");
1494 b += strspn(b, "/");
1496 if (*a == 0 && *b == 0)
1499 if (*a == 0 || *b == 0)
1502 j = strcspn(a, "/");
1503 k = strcspn(b, "/");
1508 if (memcmp(a, b, j) != 0)
1516 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
1521 for (p = t; *p; p++)
1522 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1523 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1528 bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
1532 filename[0] == '.' ||
1533 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
1534 endswith(filename, "~") ||
1535 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1536 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1537 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1538 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1539 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1540 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1543 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1548 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
1552 flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
1554 flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
1556 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
1562 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1567 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
1571 flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
1573 flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1575 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0)
1581 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1586 if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd")))
1589 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
1592 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
1595 if ((r = safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd)) < 0)
1609 for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++)
1610 if (except[i] == fd) {
1619 if ((r = close_nointr(fd)) < 0) {
1620 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1633 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1636 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1637 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1644 char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
1654 sec = (time_t) (t / USEC_PER_SEC);
1656 if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0)
1662 char *format_timestamp_pretty(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
1665 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
1667 if (t <= 0 || t > n || t + USEC_PER_DAY*7 <= t)
1672 if (d >= USEC_PER_YEAR)
1673 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu years and %llu months ago",
1674 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_YEAR),
1675 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_YEAR) / USEC_PER_MONTH));
1676 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MONTH)
1677 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu months and %llu days ago",
1678 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MONTH),
1679 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MONTH) / USEC_PER_DAY));
1680 else if (d >= USEC_PER_WEEK)
1681 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu weeks and %llu days ago",
1682 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_WEEK),
1683 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_WEEK) / USEC_PER_DAY));
1684 else if (d >= 2*USEC_PER_DAY)
1685 snprintf(buf, l, "%llu days ago", (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_DAY));
1686 else if (d >= 25*USEC_PER_HOUR)
1687 snprintf(buf, l, "1 day and %lluh ago",
1688 (unsigned long long) ((d - USEC_PER_DAY) / USEC_PER_HOUR));
1689 else if (d >= 6*USEC_PER_HOUR)
1690 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh ago",
1691 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR));
1692 else if (d >= USEC_PER_HOUR)
1693 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh %llumin ago",
1694 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR),
1695 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_HOUR) / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
1696 else if (d >= 5*USEC_PER_MINUTE)
1697 snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin ago",
1698 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE));
1699 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MINUTE)
1700 snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin %llus ago",
1701 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE),
1702 (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MINUTE) / USEC_PER_SEC));
1703 else if (d >= USEC_PER_SEC)
1704 snprintf(buf, l, "%llus ago",
1705 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_SEC));
1706 else if (d >= USEC_PER_MSEC)
1707 snprintf(buf, l, "%llums ago",
1708 (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MSEC));
1710 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluus ago",
1711 (unsigned long long) d);
1713 snprintf(buf, l, "now");
1719 char *format_timespan(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
1720 static const struct {
1724 { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
1725 { "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
1726 { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
1727 { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
1728 { "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
1729 { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
1739 if (t == (usec_t) -1)
1743 snprintf(p, l, "0");
1748 /* The result of this function can be parsed with parse_usec */
1750 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) {
1754 if (t < table[i].usec)
1760 k = snprintf(p, l, "%s%llu%s", p > buf ? " " : "", (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].usec), table[i].suffix);
1761 n = MIN((size_t) k, l);
1774 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1775 static const char * const table[] = {
1787 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
1788 if (streq(table[i], fstype))
1797 if ((fd = open("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
1802 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1806 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1809 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1812 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1815 close_nointr_nofail(r);
1819 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, bool *need_nl) {
1820 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1827 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1828 new_termios = old_termios;
1830 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1831 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1832 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1834 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1837 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1839 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1845 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1852 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)))
1857 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1867 int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1876 bool need_nl = true;
1878 fputs("\x1B[1m", stdout);
1884 fputs("\x1B[0m", stdout);
1888 if ((r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, &need_nl)) < 0) {
1890 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1891 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1902 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
1907 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
1911 int reset_terminal(int fd) {
1912 struct termios termios;
1916 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
1920 /* First, unlock termios */
1922 ioctl(fd, TIOCSLCKTRMIOS, &termios);
1924 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
1925 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
1927 /* Enable console unicode mode */
1929 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, &arg);
1931 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
1936 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
1937 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
1938 * else will do that for us */
1940 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
1941 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
1942 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
1943 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
1944 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
1946 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
1947 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
1948 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
1949 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
1950 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
1951 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
1952 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
1953 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
1954 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
1955 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
1956 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
1957 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
1958 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
1960 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1961 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1963 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
1967 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
1968 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
1973 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
1976 if ((fd = open(name, mode)) < 0)
1979 if ((r = isatty(fd)) < 0) {
1980 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1985 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1992 int flush_fd(int fd) {
1993 struct pollfd pollfd;
1997 pollfd.events = POLLIN;
2004 if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) {
2015 if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) {
2020 if (errno == EAGAIN)
2031 int acquire_terminal(const char *name, bool fail, bool force, bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm) {
2032 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r, wd = -1;
2036 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
2037 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
2038 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
2040 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
2041 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
2042 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
2043 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
2044 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
2045 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
2046 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
2047 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
2049 if (!fail && !force) {
2050 if ((notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
2055 if ((wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE)) < 0) {
2063 if ((r = flush_fd(notify)) < 0)
2066 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
2067 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
2068 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
2069 if ((fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
2072 /* First, try to get the tty */
2073 r = ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force);
2075 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
2076 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
2077 * are have this controlling terminal. */
2078 if (r < 0 && errno == EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
2081 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || errno != EPERM)) {
2091 assert(notify >= 0);
2094 struct inotify_event e;
2097 if ((l = read(notify, &e, sizeof(e))) != sizeof(e)) {
2111 if (e.wd != wd || !(e.mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
2119 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
2120 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
2121 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
2122 * an endless loop. */
2123 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2127 close_nointr_nofail(notify);
2129 if ((r = reset_terminal(fd)) < 0)
2130 log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
2136 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2139 close_nointr_nofail(notify);
2144 int release_terminal(void) {
2146 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new;
2148 if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY)) < 0)
2151 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2152 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2155 sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
2156 sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2157 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2159 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2162 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2164 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2168 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2173 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2174 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2181 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2182 struct sigaction sa;
2187 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
2188 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2190 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2194 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2195 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2202 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2203 struct sigaction sa;
2208 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
2209 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2211 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2215 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2216 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2223 int close_pipe(int p[]) {
2229 a = close_nointr(p[0]);
2234 b = close_nointr(p[1]);
2238 return a < 0 ? a : b;
2241 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2250 while (nbytes > 0) {
2253 if ((k = read(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) {
2255 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2258 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2259 struct pollfd pollfd;
2263 pollfd.events = POLLIN;
2265 if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
2269 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2272 if (pollfd.revents != POLLIN)
2273 return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
2278 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2289 ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2298 while (nbytes > 0) {
2301 if ((k = write(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) {
2303 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2306 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2307 struct pollfd pollfd;
2311 pollfd.events = POLLOUT;
2313 if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) {
2317 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2320 if (pollfd.revents != POLLOUT)
2321 return n > 0 ? n : -EIO;
2326 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2337 int path_is_mount_point(const char *t) {
2342 if (lstat(t, &a) < 0) {
2343 if (errno == ENOENT)
2349 if ((r = parent_of_path(t, &parent)) < 0)
2352 r = lstat(parent, &b);
2358 return a.st_dev != b.st_dev;
2361 int parse_usec(const char *t, usec_t *usec) {
2362 static const struct {
2366 { "sec", USEC_PER_SEC },
2367 { "s", USEC_PER_SEC },
2368 { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
2369 { "hr", USEC_PER_HOUR },
2370 { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR },
2371 { "d", USEC_PER_DAY },
2372 { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK },
2373 { "msec", USEC_PER_MSEC },
2374 { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC },
2375 { "m", USEC_PER_MINUTE },
2378 { "", USEC_PER_SEC },
2394 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2405 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2407 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
2408 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2409 r += (usec_t) l * table[i].usec;
2410 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2414 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table))
2424 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2429 r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
2430 s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
2431 t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
2434 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2436 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2442 bool is_clean_exit(int code, int status) {
2444 if (code == CLD_EXITED)
2447 /* If a daemon does not implement handlers for some of the
2448 * signals that's not considered an unclean shutdown */
2449 if (code == CLD_KILLED)
2453 status == SIGTERM ||
2459 bool is_clean_exit_lsb(int code, int status) {
2461 if (is_clean_exit(code, status))
2465 code == CLD_EXITED &&
2466 (status == EXIT_NOTINSTALLED || status == EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED);
2469 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
2471 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
2472 * sysfs or in /dev */
2475 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
2476 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
2479 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
2482 struct dirent buf, *de;
2484 if (!(d = opendir(path)))
2488 if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) > 0) {
2498 if (!ignore_file(de->d_name)) {
2508 unsigned long long random_ull(void) {
2513 if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
2516 r = loop_read(fd, &ull, sizeof(ull), true);
2517 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2519 if (r != sizeof(ull))
2525 return random() * RAND_MAX + random();
2528 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
2531 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
2533 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). The string
2534 * passed should fit in 7 chars (i.e. the length of
2537 if (program_invocation_name)
2538 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
2541 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
2548 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2549 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
2553 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
2556 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2559 return strdup(u.nodename);
2561 return strdup(u.sysname);
2564 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
2568 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
2571 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
2576 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
2578 return strdup("root");
2580 if ((bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX)) <= 0)
2583 if (!(buf = malloc(bufsize)))
2586 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw) {
2587 name = strdup(pw->pw_name);
2594 if (asprintf(&name, "%lu", (unsigned long) uid) < 0)
2600 int getttyname_malloc(char **r) {
2601 char path[PATH_MAX], *p, *c;
2606 if ((k = ttyname_r(STDIN_FILENO, path, sizeof(path))) != 0)
2612 if (startswith(path, "/dev/"))
2615 if (!(c = strdup(p)))
2622 static int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs) {
2628 /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
2631 if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
2632 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2634 return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
2638 struct dirent buf, *de;
2642 if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) != 0) {
2651 if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
2654 if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
2657 if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
2658 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2663 is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
2665 is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
2670 if ((subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
2671 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2676 if ((r = rm_rf_children(subdir_fd, only_dirs)) < 0) {
2681 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
2682 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2685 } else if (!only_dirs) {
2687 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
2688 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2699 int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root) {
2705 if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
2707 if (errno != ENOTDIR)
2710 if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
2711 if (unlink(path) < 0)
2717 r = rm_rf_children(fd, only_dirs);
2720 if (rmdir(path) < 0) {
2728 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
2731 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
2732 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
2733 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
2735 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
2738 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
2744 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
2748 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
2751 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
2754 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
2755 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
2765 if (errno != EINVAL)
2772 void status_vprintf(const char *format, va_list ap) {
2778 /* This independent of logging, as status messages are
2779 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
2781 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
2784 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
2787 write(fd, s, strlen(s));
2793 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2796 void status_printf(const char *format, ...) {
2801 va_start(ap, format);
2802 status_vprintf(format, ap);
2806 void status_welcome(void) {
2808 #if defined(TARGET_FEDORA)
2811 if (read_one_line_file("/etc/system-release", &r) < 0)
2816 /* This tries to mimic the color magic the old Red Hat sysinit
2819 if (startswith(r, "Red Hat"))
2820 status_printf("Welcome to \x1B[0;31m%s\x1B[0m!\n", r); /* Red for RHEL */
2821 else if (startswith(r, "Fedora"))
2822 status_printf("Welcome to \x1B[0;34m%s\x1B[0m!\n", r); /* Blue for Fedora */
2824 status_printf("Welcome to %s!\n", r);
2828 #elif defined(TARGET_SUSE)
2831 if (read_one_line_file("/etc/SuSE-release", &r) < 0)
2836 status_printf("Welcome to \x1B[0;32m%s\x1B[0m!\n", r); /* Green for SUSE */
2839 #warning "You probably should add a welcome text logic here."
2843 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
2850 const char *e, *word = format;
2855 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
2866 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1)))
2875 } else if (*e == '$') {
2876 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
2892 if (!(t = strv_env_get_with_length(env, word+2, e-word-2)))
2895 if (!(k = strappend(r, t)))
2908 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
2919 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
2921 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
2923 l = strv_length(argv);
2925 if (!(r = new(char*, l+1)))
2928 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
2930 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
2931 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
2936 if ((e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1))) {
2938 if (!(m = strv_split_quoted(e))) {
2949 if (!(w = realloc(r, sizeof(char*) * (l+1)))) {
2958 memcpy(r + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
2966 /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
2967 if (!(r[k++] = replace_env(*i, env))) {
2978 static __thread int parsed_columns = 0;
2981 if (parsed_columns > 0)
2982 return parsed_columns;
2984 if ((e = getenv("COLUMNS")))
2985 parsed_columns = atoi(e);
2987 if (parsed_columns <= 0) {
2991 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) >= 0)
2992 parsed_columns = ws.ws_col;
2995 if (parsed_columns <= 0)
2996 parsed_columns = 80;
2998 return parsed_columns;
3001 int running_in_chroot(void) {
3007 /* Only works as root */
3009 if (stat("/proc/1/root", &a) < 0)
3012 if (stat("/", &b) < 0)
3016 a.st_dev != b.st_dev ||
3017 a.st_ino != b.st_ino;
3020 char *ellipsize(const char *s, unsigned length, unsigned percent) {
3025 assert(percent <= 100);
3026 assert(length >= 3);
3030 if (l <= 3 || l <= length)
3033 if (!(r = new0(char, length+1)))
3036 x = (length * percent) / 100;
3046 s + l - (length - x - 3),
3052 int touch(const char *path) {
3057 if ((fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0666)) < 0)
3060 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3064 char *unquote(const char *s, const char quote) {
3068 if ((l = strlen(s)) < 2)
3071 if (s[0] == quote && s[l-1] == quote)
3072 return strndup(s+1, l-2);
3077 static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = {
3078 [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none",
3079 [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime",
3080 [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort",
3081 [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle"
3084 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ioprio_class, int);
3086 static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
3087 [CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
3088 [CLD_KILLED] = "killed",
3089 [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped",
3090 [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped",
3091 [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped",
3092 [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued",
3095 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int);
3097 static const char *const log_facility_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = {
3098 [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern",
3099 [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user",
3100 [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail",
3101 [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon",
3102 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth",
3103 [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog",
3104 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr",
3105 [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news",
3106 [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp",
3107 [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron",
3108 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv",
3109 [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp",
3110 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0",
3111 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1",
3112 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2",
3113 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3",
3114 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4",
3115 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5",
3116 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6",
3117 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7"
3120 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_facility, int);
3122 static const char *const log_level_table[] = {
3123 [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg",
3124 [LOG_ALERT] = "alert",
3125 [LOG_CRIT] = "crit",
3127 [LOG_WARNING] = "warning",
3128 [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice",
3129 [LOG_INFO] = "info",
3130 [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug"
3133 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_level, int);
3135 static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = {
3136 [SCHED_OTHER] = "other",
3137 [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch",
3138 [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle",
3139 [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo",
3143 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sched_policy, int);
3145 static const char* const rlimit_table[] = {
3146 [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU",
3147 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE",
3148 [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA",
3149 [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK",
3150 [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE",
3151 [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS",
3152 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE",
3153 [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS",
3154 [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC",
3155 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK",
3156 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS",
3157 [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING",
3158 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE",
3159 [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE",
3160 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO",
3161 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME"
3164 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);
3166 static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = {
3167 [IPTOS_LOWDELAY] = "low-delay",
3168 [IPTOS_THROUGHPUT] = "throughput",
3169 [IPTOS_RELIABILITY] = "reliability",
3170 [IPTOS_LOWCOST] = "low-cost",
3173 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ip_tos, int);
3175 static const char *const signal_table[] = {
3191 [SIGSTKFLT] = "STKFLT",
3201 [SIGVTALRM] = "VTALRM",
3203 [SIGWINCH] = "WINCH",
3209 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(signal, int);