src/shared/bus-util.c

   1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
   2 /***
   3   This file is part of systemd.
   4
   5   Copyright 2013 Lennart Poettering
   6 ***/
   7
   8 #include <errno.h>
   9 #include <fcntl.h>
  10 #include <inttypes.h>
  11 #include <stdio.h>
  12 #include <stdlib.h>
  13 #include <string.h>
  14 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  15 #include <sys/resource.h>
  16 #include <sys/socket.h>
  17 #include <unistd.h>
  18
  19 #include "sd-bus-protocol.h"
  20 #include "sd-bus.h"
  21 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  22 #include "sd-event.h"
  23 #include "sd-id128.h"
  24
  25 #include "alloc-util.h"
  26 #include "bus-internal.h"
  27 #include "bus-label.h"
  28 #include "bus-message.h"
  29 #include "bus-util.h"
  30 #include "cap-list.h"
  31 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  32 #include "def.h"
  33 #include "escape.h"
  34 #include "fd-util.h"
  35 #include "missing.h"
  36 #include "mount-util.h"
  37 #include "nsflags.h"
  38 #include "parse-util.h"
  39 #include "proc-cmdline.h"
  40 //#include "rlimit-util.h"
  41 #include "stdio-util.h"
  42 #include "strv.h"
  43 #include "user-util.h"
  44
  45 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
  46 static int name_owner_change_callback(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
  47         sd_event *e = userdata;
  48
  49         assert(m);
  50         assert(e);
  51
  52         sd_bus_close(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
  53         sd_event_exit(e, 0);
  54
  55         return 1;
  56 }
  57
  58 int bus_async_unregister_and_exit(sd_event *e, sd_bus *bus, const char *name) {
  59         const char *match;
  60         const char *unique;
  61         int r;
  62
  63         assert(e);
  64         assert(bus);
  65         assert(name);
  66
  67         /* We unregister the name here and then wait for the
  68          * NameOwnerChanged signal for this event to arrive before we
  69          * quit. We do this in order to make sure that any queued
  70          * requests are still processed before we really exit. */
  71
  72         r = sd_bus_get_unique_name(bus, &unique);
  73         if (r < 0)
  74                 return r;
  75
  76         match = strjoina(
  77                         "sender='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
  78                         "type='signal',"
  79                         "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
  80                         "member='NameOwnerChanged',"
  81                         "path='/org/freedesktop/DBus',"
  82                         "arg0='", name, "',",
  83                         "arg1='", unique, "',",
  84                         "arg2=''");
  85
  86         r = sd_bus_add_match_async(bus, NULL, match, name_owner_change_callback, NULL, e);
  87         if (r < 0)
  88                 return r;
  89
  90         r = sd_bus_release_name_async(bus, NULL, name, NULL, NULL);
  91         if (r < 0)
  92                 return r;
  93
  94         return 0;
  95 }
  96
  97 int bus_event_loop_with_idle(
  98                 sd_event *e,
  99                 sd_bus *bus,
 100                 const char *name,
 101                 usec_t timeout,
 102                 check_idle_t check_idle,
 103                 void *userdata) {
 104         bool exiting = false;
 105         int r, code;
 106
 107         assert(e);
 108         assert(bus);
 109         assert(name);
 110
 111         for (;;) {
 112                 bool idle;
 113
 114                 r = sd_event_get_state(e);
 115                 if (r < 0)
 116                         return r;
 117                 if (r == SD_EVENT_FINISHED)
 118                         break;
 119
 120                 if (check_idle)
 121                         idle = check_idle(userdata);
 122                 else
 123                         idle = true;
 124
 125                 r = sd_event_run(e, exiting || !idle ? (uint64_t) -1 : timeout);
 126                 if (r < 0)
 127                         return r;
 128
 129                 if (r == 0 && !exiting && idle) {
 130
 131                         r = sd_bus_try_close(bus);
 132                         if (r == -EBUSY)
 133                                 continue;
 134
 135                         /* Fallback for dbus1 connections: we
 136                          * unregister the name and wait for the
 137                          * response to come through for it */
 138                         if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
 139
 140                                 /* Inform the service manager that we
 141                                  * are going down, so that it will
 142                                  * queue all further start requests,
 143                                  * instead of assuming we are already
 144                                  * running. */
 145                                 sd_notify(false, "STOPPING=1");
 146
 147                                 r = bus_async_unregister_and_exit(e, bus, name);
 148                                 if (r < 0)
 149                                         return r;
 150
 151                                 exiting = true;
 152                                 continue;
 153                         }
 154
 155                         if (r < 0)
 156                                 return r;
 157
 158                         sd_event_exit(e, 0);
 159                         break;
 160                 }
 161         }
 162
 163         r = sd_event_get_exit_code(e, &code);
 164         if (r < 0)
 165                 return r;
 166
 167         return code;
 168 }
 169 #endif // 0
 170
 171 int bus_name_has_owner(sd_bus *c, const char *name, sd_bus_error *error) {
 172         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *rep = NULL;
 173         int r, has_owner = 0;
 174
 175         assert(c);
 176         assert(name);
 177
 178         r = sd_bus_call_method(c,
 179                                "org.freedesktop.DBus",
 180                                "/org/freedesktop/dbus",
 181                                "org.freedesktop.DBus",
 182                                "NameHasOwner",
 183                                error,
 184                                &rep,
 185                                "s",
 186                                name);
 187         if (r < 0)
 188                 return r;
 189
 190         r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(rep, 'b', &has_owner);
 191         if (r < 0)
 192                 return sd_bus_error_set_errno(error, r);
 193
 194         return has_owner;
 195 }
 196
 197 static int check_good_user(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t good_user) {
 198         _cleanup_(sd_bus_creds_unrefp) sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
 199         uid_t sender_uid;
 200         int r;
 201
 202         assert(m);
 203
 204         if (good_user == UID_INVALID)
 205                 return 0;
 206
 207         r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(m, SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID, &creds);
 208         if (r < 0)
 209                 return r;
 210
 211         /* Don't trust augmented credentials for authorization */
 212         assert_return((sd_bus_creds_get_augmented_mask(creds) & SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID) == 0, -EPERM);
 213
 214         r = sd_bus_creds_get_euid(creds, &sender_uid);
 215         if (r < 0)
 216                 return r;
 217
 218         return sender_uid == good_user;
 219 }
 220
 221 int bus_test_polkit(
 222                 sd_bus_message *call,
 223                 int capability,
 224                 const char *action,
 225                 const char **details,
 226                 uid_t good_user,
 227                 bool *_challenge,
 228                 sd_bus_error *e) {
 229
 230         int r;
 231
 232         assert(call);
 233         assert(action);
 234
 235         /* Tests non-interactively! */
 236
 237         r = check_good_user(call, good_user);
 238         if (r != 0)
 239                 return r;
 240
 241         r = sd_bus_query_sender_privilege(call, capability);
 242         if (r < 0)
 243                 return r;
 244         else if (r > 0)
 245                 return 1;
 246 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 247         else {
 248                 _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *request = NULL;
 249                 _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
 250                 int authorized = false, challenge = false;
 251                 const char *sender, **k, **v;
 252
 253                 sender = sd_bus_message_get_sender(call);
 254                 if (!sender)
 255                         return -EBADMSG;
 256
 257                 r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
 258                                 call->bus,
 259                                 &request,
 260                                 "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1",
 261                                 "/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/Authority",
 262                                 "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.Authority",
 263                                 "CheckAuthorization");
 264                 if (r < 0)
 265                         return r;
 266
 267                 r = sd_bus_message_append(
 268                                 request,
 269                                 "(sa{sv})s",
 270                                 "system-bus-name", 1, "name", "s", sender,
 271                                 action);
 272                 if (r < 0)
 273                         return r;
 274
 275                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(request, 'a', "{ss}");
 276                 if (r < 0)
 277                         return r;
 278
 279                 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, details) {
 280                         r = sd_bus_message_append(request, "{ss}", *k, *v);
 281                         if (r < 0)
 282                                 return r;
 283                 }
 284
 285                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(request);
 286                 if (r < 0)
 287                         return r;
 288
 289                 r = sd_bus_message_append(request, "us", 0, NULL);
 290                 if (r < 0)
 291                         return r;
 292
 293                 r = sd_bus_call(call->bus, request, 0, e, &reply);
 294                 if (r < 0) {
 295                         /* Treat no PK available as access denied */
 296                         if (sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN)) {
 297                                 sd_bus_error_free(e);
 298                                 return -EACCES;
 299                         }
 300
 301                         return r;
 302                 }
 303
 304                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'r', "bba{ss}");
 305                 if (r < 0)
 306                         return r;
 307
 308                 r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "bb", &authorized, &challenge);
 309                 if (r < 0)
 310                         return r;
 311
 312                 if (authorized)
 313                         return 1;
 314
 315                 if (_challenge) {
 316                         *_challenge = challenge;
 317                         return 0;
 318                 }
 319         }
 320 #endif
 321
 322         return -EACCES;
 323 }
 324
 325 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 326
 327 typedef struct AsyncPolkitQuery {
 328         sd_bus_message *request, *reply;
 329         sd_bus_message_handler_t callback;
 330         void *userdata;
 331         sd_bus_slot *slot;
 332         Hashmap *registry;
 333 } AsyncPolkitQuery;
 334
 335 static void async_polkit_query_free(AsyncPolkitQuery *q) {
 336
 337         if (!q)
 338                 return;
 339
 340         sd_bus_slot_unref(q->slot);
 341
 342         if (q->registry && q->request)
 343                 hashmap_remove(q->registry, q->request);
 344
 345         sd_bus_message_unref(q->request);
 346         sd_bus_message_unref(q->reply);
 347
 348         free(q);
 349 }
 350
 351 static int async_polkit_callback(sd_bus_message *reply, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
 352         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error_buffer = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 353         AsyncPolkitQuery *q = userdata;
 354         int r;
 355
 356         assert(reply);
 357         assert(q);
 358
 359         q->slot = sd_bus_slot_unref(q->slot);
 360         q->reply = sd_bus_message_ref(reply);
 361
 362         r = sd_bus_message_rewind(q->request, true);
 363         if (r < 0) {
 364                 r = sd_bus_reply_method_errno(q->request, r, NULL);
 365                 goto finish;
 366         }
 367
 368         r = q->callback(q->request, q->userdata, &error_buffer);
 369         r = bus_maybe_reply_error(q->request, r, &error_buffer);
 370
 371 finish:
 372         async_polkit_query_free(q);
 373
 374         return r;
 375 }
 376
 377 #endif
 378
 379 int bus_verify_polkit_async(
 380                 sd_bus_message *call,
 381                 int capability,
 382                 const char *action,
 383                 const char **details,
 384                 bool interactive,
 385                 uid_t good_user,
 386                 Hashmap **registry,
 387                 sd_bus_error *error) {
 388
 389 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 390         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *pk = NULL;
 391         AsyncPolkitQuery *q;
 392         const char *sender, **k, **v;
 393         sd_bus_message_handler_t callback;
 394         void *userdata;
 395         int c;
 396 #endif
 397         int r;
 398
 399         assert(call);
 400         assert(action);
 401         assert(registry);
 402
 403         r = check_good_user(call, good_user);
 404         if (r != 0)
 405                 return r;
 406
 407 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 408         q = hashmap_get(*registry, call);
 409         if (q) {
 410                 int authorized, challenge;
 411
 412                 /* This is the second invocation of this function, and
 413                  * there's already a response from polkit, let's
 414                  * process it */
 415                 assert(q->reply);
 416
 417                 if (sd_bus_message_is_method_error(q->reply, NULL)) {
 418                         const sd_bus_error *e;
 419
 420                         /* Copy error from polkit reply */
 421                         e = sd_bus_message_get_error(q->reply);
 422                         sd_bus_error_copy(error, e);
 423
 424                         /* Treat no PK available as access denied */
 425                         if (sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 426                                 return -EACCES;
 427
 428                         return -sd_bus_error_get_errno(e);
 429                 }
 430
 431                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(q->reply, 'r', "bba{ss}");
 432                 if (r >= 0)
 433                         r = sd_bus_message_read(q->reply, "bb", &authorized, &challenge);
 434
 435                 if (r < 0)
 436                         return r;
 437
 438                 if (authorized)
 439                         return 1;
 440
 441                 if (challenge)
 442                         return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INTERACTIVE_AUTHORIZATION_REQUIRED, "Interactive authentication required.");
 443
 444                 return -EACCES;
 445         }
 446 #endif
 447
 448         r = sd_bus_query_sender_privilege(call, capability);
 449         if (r < 0)
 450                 return r;
 451         else if (r > 0)
 452                 return 1;
 453
 454 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 455         if (sd_bus_get_current_message(call->bus) != call)
 456                 return -EINVAL;
 457
 458         callback = sd_bus_get_current_handler(call->bus);
 459         if (!callback)
 460                 return -EINVAL;
 461
 462         userdata = sd_bus_get_current_userdata(call->bus);
 463
 464         sender = sd_bus_message_get_sender(call);
 465         if (!sender)
 466                 return -EBADMSG;
 467
 468         c = sd_bus_message_get_allow_interactive_authorization(call);
 469         if (c < 0)
 470                 return c;
 471         if (c > 0)
 472                 interactive = true;
 473
 474         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(registry, NULL);
 475         if (r < 0)
 476                 return r;
 477
 478         r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
 479                         call->bus,
 480                         &pk,
 481                         "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1",
 482                         "/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/Authority",
 483                         "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.Authority",
 484                         "CheckAuthorization");
 485         if (r < 0)
 486                 return r;
 487
 488         r = sd_bus_message_append(
 489                         pk,
 490                         "(sa{sv})s",
 491                         "system-bus-name", 1, "name", "s", sender,
 492                         action);
 493         if (r < 0)
 494                 return r;
 495
 496         r = sd_bus_message_open_container(pk, 'a', "{ss}");
 497         if (r < 0)
 498                 return r;
 499
 500         STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, details) {
 501                 r = sd_bus_message_append(pk, "{ss}", *k, *v);
 502                 if (r < 0)
 503                         return r;
 504         }
 505
 506         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(pk);
 507         if (r < 0)
 508                 return r;
 509
 510         r = sd_bus_message_append(pk, "us", !!interactive, NULL);
 511         if (r < 0)
 512                 return r;
 513
 514         q = new0(AsyncPolkitQuery, 1);
 515         if (!q)
 516                 return -ENOMEM;
 517
 518         q->request = sd_bus_message_ref(call);
 519         q->callback = callback;
 520         q->userdata = userdata;
 521
 522         r = hashmap_put(*registry, call, q);
 523         if (r < 0) {
 524                 async_polkit_query_free(q);
 525                 return r;
 526         }
 527
 528         q->registry = *registry;
 529
 530         r = sd_bus_call_async(call->bus, &q->slot, pk, async_polkit_callback, q, 0);
 531         if (r < 0) {
 532                 async_polkit_query_free(q);
 533                 return r;
 534         }
 535
 536         return 0;
 537 #endif
 538
 539         return -EACCES;
 540 }
 541
 542 void bus_verify_polkit_async_registry_free(Hashmap *registry) {
 543 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 544         hashmap_free_with_destructor(registry, async_polkit_query_free);
 545 #endif
 546 }
 547
 548 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
 549 int bus_check_peercred(sd_bus *c) {
 550         struct ucred ucred;
 551         int fd, r;
 552
 553         assert(c);
 554
 555         fd = sd_bus_get_fd(c);
 556         if (fd < 0)
 557                 return fd;
 558
 559         r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
 560         if (r < 0)
 561                 return r;
 562
 563         if (ucred.uid != 0 && ucred.uid != geteuid())
 564                 return -EPERM;
 565
 566         return 1;
 567 }
 568
 569 int bus_connect_system_systemd(sd_bus **_bus) {
 570         _cleanup_(sd_bus_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 571         int r;
 572
 573         assert(_bus);
 574
 575         if (geteuid() != 0)
 576                 return sd_bus_default_system(_bus);
 577
 578         /* If we are root then let's talk directly to the system
 579          * instance, instead of going via the bus */
 580
 581         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
 582         if (r < 0)
 583                 return r;
 584
 585         r = sd_bus_set_address(bus, "unix:path=/run/systemd/private");
 586         if (r < 0)
 587                 return r;
 588
 589         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
 590         if (r < 0)
 591                 return sd_bus_default_system(_bus);
 592
 593         r = bus_check_peercred(bus);
 594         if (r < 0)
 595                 return r;
 596
 597         *_bus = TAKE_PTR(bus);
 598
 599         return 0;
 600 }
 601
 602 int bus_connect_user_systemd(sd_bus **_bus) {
 603         _cleanup_(sd_bus_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 604         _cleanup_free_ char *ee = NULL;
 605         const char *e;
 606         int r;
 607
 608         assert(_bus);
 609
 610         e = secure_getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
 611         if (!e)
 612                 return sd_bus_default_user(_bus);
 613
 614         ee = bus_address_escape(e);
 615         if (!ee)
 616                 return -ENOMEM;
 617
 618         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
 619         if (r < 0)
 620                 return r;
 621
 622         bus->address = strjoin("unix:path=", ee, "/systemd/private");
 623         if (!bus->address)
 624                 return -ENOMEM;
 625
 626         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
 627         if (r < 0)
 628                 return sd_bus_default_user(_bus);
 629
 630         r = bus_check_peercred(bus);
 631         if (r < 0)
 632                 return r;
 633
 634         *_bus = TAKE_PTR(bus);
 635
 636         return 0;
 637 }
 638 #endif // 0
 639
 640 #define print_property(name, fmt, ...)                                  \
 641         do {                                                            \
 642                 if (value)                                              \
 643                         printf(fmt "\n", __VA_ARGS__);                  \
 644                 else                                                    \
 645                         printf("%s=" fmt "\n", name, __VA_ARGS__);      \
 646         } while (0)
 647
 648 int bus_print_property(const char *name, sd_bus_message *m, bool value, bool all) {
 649         char type;
 650         const char *contents;
 651         int r;
 652
 653         assert(name);
 654         assert(m);
 655
 656         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, &contents);
 657         if (r < 0)
 658                 return r;
 659
 660         switch (type) {
 661
 662         case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING: {
 663                 const char *s;
 664
 665                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &s);
 666                 if (r < 0)
 667                         return r;
 668
 669                 if (all || !isempty(s)) {
 670                         bool good;
 671
 672                         /* This property has a single value, so we need to take
 673                          * care not to print a new line, everything else is OK. */
 674                         good = !strchr(s, '\n');
 675                         print_property(name, "%s", good ? s : "[unprintable]");
 676                 }
 677
 678                 return 1;
 679         }
 680
 681         case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
 682                 int b;
 683
 684                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &b);
 685                 if (r < 0)
 686                         return r;
 687
 688                 print_property(name, "%s", yes_no(b));
 689
 690                 return 1;
 691         }
 692
 693         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
 694                 uint64_t u;
 695
 696                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
 697                 if (r < 0)
 698                         return r;
 699
 700                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
 701                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
 702
 703                 if (endswith(name, "Timestamp") || STR_IN_SET(name, "NextElapseUSecRealtime", "LastTriggerUSec")) {
 704                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
 705
 706                         t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u);
 707                         if (t || all)
 708                                 print_property(name, "%s", strempty(t));
 709
 710                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
 711                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
 712
 713                         print_property(name, "%s", format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u, 0));
 714                 } else if (streq(name, "RestrictNamespaces")) {
 715                         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
 716                         const char *result;
 717
 718                         if ((u & NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL) == 0)
 719                                 result = "yes";
 720                         else if ((u & NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL) == NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL)
 721                                 result = "no";
 722                         else {
 723                                 r = namespace_flag_to_string_many(u, &s);
 724                                 if (r < 0)
 725                                         return r;
 726
 727                                 result = s;
 728                         }
 729
 730                         print_property(name, "%s", result);
 731
 732                 } else if (streq(name, "MountFlags")) {
 733                         const char *result;
 734
 735                         result = mount_propagation_flags_to_string(u);
 736                         if (!result)
 737                                 return -EINVAL;
 738
 739                         print_property(name, "%s", result);
 740
 741                 } else if (STR_IN_SET(name, "CapabilityBoundingSet", "AmbientCapabilities")) {
 742                         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
 743
 744                         r = capability_set_to_string_alloc(u, &s);
 745                         if (r < 0)
 746                                 return r;
 747
 748                         print_property(name, "%s", s);
 749
 750                 } else if ((STR_IN_SET(name, "CPUWeight", "StartupCPUWeight", "IOWeight", "StartupIOWeight") && u == CGROUP_WEIGHT_INVALID) ||
 751                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "CPUShares", "StartupCPUShares") && u == CGROUP_CPU_SHARES_INVALID) ||
 752                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "BlockIOWeight", "StartupBlockIOWeight") && u == CGROUP_BLKIO_WEIGHT_INVALID) ||
 753                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "MemoryCurrent", "TasksCurrent") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 754                            (endswith(name, "NSec") && u == (uint64_t) -1))
 755
 756                         print_property(name, "%s", "[not set]");
 757
 758                 else if ((STR_IN_SET(name, "MemoryLow", "MemoryHigh", "MemoryMax", "MemorySwapMax", "MemoryLimit") && u == CGROUP_LIMIT_MAX) ||
 759                          (STR_IN_SET(name, "TasksMax", "DefaultTasksMax") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 760                          (startswith(name, "Limit") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 761                          (startswith(name, "DefaultLimit") && u == (uint64_t) -1))
 762
 763                         print_property(name, "%s", "infinity");
 764                 else
 765                         print_property(name, "%"PRIu64, u);
 766
 767                 return 1;
 768         }
 769
 770         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64: {
 771                 int64_t i;
 772
 773                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &i);
 774                 if (r < 0)
 775                         return r;
 776
 777                 print_property(name, "%"PRIi64, i);
 778
 779                 return 1;
 780         }
 781
 782         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
 783                 uint32_t u;
 784
 785                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
 786                 if (r < 0)
 787                         return r;
 788
 789                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
 790                         print_property(name, "%04o", u);
 791                 else if (streq(name, "UID")) {
 792                         if (u == UID_INVALID)
 793                                 print_property(name, "%s", "[not set]");
 794                         else
 795                                 print_property(name, "%"PRIu32, u);
 796                 } else if (streq(name, "GID")) {
 797                         if (u == GID_INVALID)
 798                                 print_property(name, "%s", "[not set]");
 799                         else
 800                                 print_property(name, "%"PRIu32, u);
 801                 } else
 802                         print_property(name, "%"PRIu32, u);
 803
 804                 return 1;
 805         }
 806
 807         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32: {
 808                 int32_t i;
 809
 810                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &i);
 811                 if (r < 0)
 812                         return r;
 813
 814                 print_property(name, "%"PRIi32, i);
 815                 return 1;
 816         }
 817
 818         case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
 819                 double d;
 820
 821                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &d);
 822                 if (r < 0)
 823                         return r;
 824
 825                 print_property(name, "%g", d);
 826                 return 1;
 827         }
 828
 829         case SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 830                 if (streq(contents, "s")) {
 831                         bool first = true;
 832                         const char *str;
 833
 834                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, contents);
 835                         if (r < 0)
 836                                 return r;
 837
 838                         while ((r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &str)) > 0) {
 839                                 bool good;
 840
 841                                 if (first && !value)
 842                                         printf("%s=", name);
 843
 844                                 /* This property has multiple space-separated values, so
 845                                  * neither spaces not newlines can be allowed in a value. */
 846                                 good = str[strcspn(str, " \n")] == '\0';
 847
 848                                 printf("%s%s", first ? "" : " ", good ? str : "[unprintable]");
 849
 850                                 first = false;
 851                         }
 852                         if (r < 0)
 853                                 return r;
 854
 855                         if (first && all && !value)
 856                                 printf("%s=", name);
 857                         if (!first || all)
 858                                 puts("");
 859
 860                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 861                         if (r < 0)
 862                                 return r;
 863
 864                         return 1;
 865
 866                 } else if (streq(contents, "y")) {
 867                         const uint8_t *u;
 868                         size_t n;
 869
 870                         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE, (const void**) &u, &n);
 871                         if (r < 0)
 872                                 return r;
 873
 874                         if (all || n > 0) {
 875                                 unsigned int i;
 876
 877                                 if (!value)
 878                                         printf("%s=", name);
 879
 880                                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 881                                         printf("%02x", u[i]);
 882
 883                                 puts("");
 884                         }
 885
 886                         return 1;
 887
 888                 } else if (streq(contents, "u")) {
 889                         uint32_t *u;
 890                         size_t n;
 891
 892                         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32, (const void**) &u, &n);
 893                         if (r < 0)
 894                                 return r;
 895
 896                         if (all || n > 0) {
 897                                 unsigned int i;
 898
 899                                 if (!value)
 900                                         printf("%s=", name);
 901
 902                                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 903                                         printf("%08x", u[i]);
 904
 905                                 puts("");
 906                         }
 907
 908                         return 1;
 909                 }
 910
 911                 break;
 912         }
 913
 914         return 0;
 915 }
 916
 917 int bus_message_print_all_properties(
 918                 sd_bus_message *m,
 919                 bus_message_print_t func,
 920                 char **filter,
 921                 bool value,
 922                 bool all,
 923                 Set **found_properties) {
 924
 925         int r;
 926
 927         assert(m);
 928
 929         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "{sv}");
 930         if (r < 0)
 931                 return r;
 932
 933         while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, "sv")) > 0) {
 934                 const char *name;
 935                 const char *contents;
 936
 937                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &name);
 938                 if (r < 0)
 939                         return r;
 940
 941                 if (found_properties) {
 942                         r = set_ensure_allocated(found_properties, &string_hash_ops);
 943                         if (r < 0)
 944                                 return log_oom();
 945
 946                         r = set_put(*found_properties, name);
 947                         if (r < 0 && r != EEXIST)
 948                                 return log_oom();
 949                 }
 950
 951                 if (!filter || strv_find(filter, name)) {
 952                         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, NULL, &contents);
 953                         if (r < 0)
 954                                 return r;
 955
 956                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, contents);
 957                         if (r < 0)
 958                                 return r;
 959
 960                         if (func)
 961                                 r = func(name, m, value, all);
 962                         if (!func || r == 0)
 963                                 r = bus_print_property(name, m, value, all);
 964                         if (r < 0)
 965                                 return r;
 966                         if (r == 0) {
 967                                 if (all)
 968                                         printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
 969                                 /* skip what we didn't read */
 970                                 r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, contents);
 971                                 if (r < 0)
 972                                         return r;
 973                         }
 974
 975                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 976                         if (r < 0)
 977                                 return r;
 978                 } else {
 979                         r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, "v");
 980                         if (r < 0)
 981                                 return r;
 982                 }
 983
 984                 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 985                 if (r < 0)
 986                         return r;
 987         }
 988         if (r < 0)
 989                 return r;
 990
 991         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 992         if (r < 0)
 993                 return r;
 994
 995         return 0;
 996 }
 997
 998 int bus_print_all_properties(
 999                 sd_bus *bus,
1000                 const char *dest,
1001                 const char *path,
1002                 bus_message_print_t func,
1003                 char **filter,
1004                 bool value,
1005                 bool all,
1006                 Set **found_properties) {
1007
1008         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
1009         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1010         int r;
1011
1012         assert(bus);
1013         assert(path);
1014
1015         r = sd_bus_call_method(bus,
1016                         dest,
1017                         path,
1018                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1019                         "GetAll",
1020                         &error,
1021                         &reply,
1022                         "s", "");
1023         if (r < 0)
1024                 return r;
1025
1026         return bus_message_print_all_properties(reply, func, filter, value, all, found_properties);
1027 }
1028
1029 int bus_map_id128(sd_bus *bus, const char *member, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_error *error, void *userdata) {
1030         sd_id128_t *p = userdata;
1031         const void *v;
1032         size_t n;
1033         int r;
1034
1035         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE, &v, &n);
1036         if (r < 0)
1037                 return r;
1038
1039         if (n == 0)
1040                 *p = SD_ID128_NULL;
1041         else if (n == 16)
1042                 memcpy((*p).bytes, v, n);
1043         else
1044                 return -EINVAL;
1045
1046         return 0;
1047 }
1048
1049 static int map_basic(sd_bus *bus, const char *member, sd_bus_message *m, unsigned flags, sd_bus_error *error, void *userdata) {
1050         char type;
1051         int r;
1052
1053         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, NULL);
1054         if (r < 0)
1055                 return r;
1056
1057         switch (type) {
1058
1059         case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1060                 const char **p = userdata;
1061                 const char *s;
1062
1063                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &s);
1064                 if (r < 0)
1065                         return r;
1066
1067                 if (isempty(s))
1068                         s = NULL;
1069
1070                 if (flags & BUS_MAP_STRDUP)
1071                         return free_and_strdup((char **) userdata, s);
1072
1073                 *p = s;
1074                 return 0;
1075         }
1076
1077         case SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1078                 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
1079                 char ***p = userdata;
1080
1081                 r = bus_message_read_strv_extend(m, &l);
1082                 if (r < 0)
1083                         return r;
1084
1085                 return strv_free_and_replace(*p, l);
1086         }
1087
1088         case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1089                 int b;
1090
1091                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &b);
1092                 if (r < 0)
1093                         return r;
1094
1095                 if (flags & BUS_MAP_BOOLEAN_AS_BOOL)
1096                         * (bool*) userdata = !!b;
1097                 else
1098                         * (int*) userdata = b;
1099
1100                 return 0;
1101         }
1102
1103         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
1104         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1105                 uint32_t u, *p = userdata;
1106
1107                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
1108                 if (r < 0)
1109                         return r;
1110
1111                 *p = u;
1112                 return 0;
1113         }
1114
1115         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
1116         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1117                 uint64_t t, *p = userdata;
1118
1119                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &t);
1120                 if (r < 0)
1121                         return r;
1122
1123                 *p = t;
1124                 return 0;
1125         }
1126
1127         case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
1128                 double d, *p = userdata;
1129
1130                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &d);
1131                 if (r < 0)
1132                         return r;
1133
1134                 *p = d;
1135                 return 0;
1136         }}
1137
1138         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
1139 }
1140
1141 int bus_message_map_all_properties(
1142                 sd_bus_message *m,
1143                 const struct bus_properties_map *map,
1144                 unsigned flags,
1145                 sd_bus_error *error,
1146                 void *userdata) {
1147
1148         int r;
1149
1150         assert(m);
1151         assert(map);
1152
1153         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "{sv}");
1154         if (r < 0)
1155                 return r;
1156
1157         while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, "sv")) > 0) {
1158                 const struct bus_properties_map *prop;
1159                 const char *member;
1160                 const char *contents;
1161                 void *v;
1162                 unsigned i;
1163
1164                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &member);
1165                 if (r < 0)
1166                         return r;
1167
1168                 for (i = 0, prop = NULL; map[i].member; i++)
1169                         if (streq(map[i].member, member)) {
1170                                 prop = &map[i];
1171                                 break;
1172                         }
1173
1174                 if (prop) {
1175                         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, NULL, &contents);
1176                         if (r < 0)
1177                                 return r;
1178
1179                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, contents);
1180                         if (r < 0)
1181                                 return r;
1182
1183                         v = (uint8_t *)userdata + prop->offset;
1184                         if (map[i].set)
1185                                 r = prop->set(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m), member, m, error, v);
1186                         else
1187                                 r = map_basic(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m), member, m, flags, error, v);
1188                         if (r < 0)
1189                                 return r;
1190
1191                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1192                         if (r < 0)
1193                                 return r;
1194                 } else {
1195                         r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, "v");
1196                         if (r < 0)
1197                                 return r;
1198                 }
1199
1200                 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1201                 if (r < 0)
1202                         return r;
1203         }
1204         if (r < 0)
1205                 return r;
1206
1207         return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1208 }
1209
1210 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1211 int bus_message_map_properties_changed(
1212                 sd_bus_message *m,
1213                 const struct bus_properties_map *map,
1214                 unsigned flags,
1215                 sd_bus_error *error,
1216                 void *userdata) {
1217
1218         const char *member;
1219         int r, invalidated, i;
1220
1221         assert(m);
1222         assert(map);
1223
1224         r = bus_message_map_all_properties(m, map, flags, error, userdata);
1225         if (r < 0)
1226                 return r;
1227
1228         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s");
1229         if (r < 0)
1230                 return r;
1231
1232         invalidated = 0;
1233         while ((r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &member)) > 0)
1234                 for (i = 0; map[i].member; i++)
1235                         if (streq(map[i].member, member)) {
1236                                 ++invalidated;
1237                                 break;
1238                         }
1239         if (r < 0)
1240                 return r;
1241
1242         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1243         if (r < 0)
1244                 return r;
1245
1246         return invalidated;
1247 }
1248 #endif // 0
1249
1250 int bus_map_all_properties(
1251                 sd_bus *bus,
1252                 const char *destination,
1253                 const char *path,
1254                 const struct bus_properties_map *map,
1255                 unsigned flags,
1256                 sd_bus_error *error,
1257                 sd_bus_message **reply,
1258                 void *userdata) {
1259
1260         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
1261         int r;
1262
1263         assert(bus);
1264         assert(destination);
1265         assert(path);
1266         assert(map);
1267         assert(reply || (flags & BUS_MAP_STRDUP));
1268
1269         r = sd_bus_call_method(
1270                         bus,
1271                         destination,
1272                         path,
1273                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1274                         "GetAll",
1275                         error,
1276                         &m,
1277                         "s", "");
1278         if (r < 0)
1279                 return r;
1280
1281         r = bus_message_map_all_properties(m, map, flags, error, userdata);
1282         if (r < 0)
1283                 return r;
1284
1285         if (reply)
1286                 *reply = sd_bus_message_ref(m);
1287
1288         return r;
1289 }
1290
1291 int bus_connect_transport(BusTransport transport, const char *host, bool user, sd_bus **ret) {
1292         _cleanup_(sd_bus_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1293         int r;
1294
1295         assert(transport >= 0);
1296         assert(transport < _BUS_TRANSPORT_MAX);
1297         assert(ret);
1298
1299         assert_return((transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL) == !host, -EINVAL);
1300         assert_return(transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL || !user, -EOPNOTSUPP);
1301
1302         switch (transport) {
1303
1304         case BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL:
1305 #if 0 /// elogind does not support a user bus
1306                 if (user)
1307                         r = sd_bus_default_user(&bus);
1308 #endif // 0
1309                 else {
1310                         if (sd_booted() <= 0) {
1311                                 /* Print a friendly message when the local system is actually not running systemd as PID 1. */
1312                                 log_error("System has not been booted with elogind as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.");
1313
1314                                 return -EHOSTDOWN;
1315                         }
1316                         r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
1317                 }
1318                 break;
1319
1320         case BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE:
1321                 r = sd_bus_open_system_remote(&bus, host);
1322                 break;
1323
1324         case BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE:
1325                 r = sd_bus_open_system_machine(&bus, host);
1326                 break;
1327
1328         default:
1329                 assert_not_reached("Hmm, unknown transport type.");
1330         }
1331         if (r < 0)
1332                 return r;
1333
1334         r = sd_bus_set_exit_on_disconnect(bus, true);
1335         if (r < 0)
1336                 return r;
1337
1338         *ret = TAKE_PTR(bus);
1339
1340         return 0;
1341 }
1342
1343 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1344 int bus_connect_transport_systemd(BusTransport transport, const char *host, bool user, sd_bus **bus) {
1345         int r;
1346
1347         assert(transport >= 0);
1348         assert(transport < _BUS_TRANSPORT_MAX);
1349         assert(bus);
1350
1351         assert_return((transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL) == !host, -EINVAL);
1352         assert_return(transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL || !user, -EOPNOTSUPP);
1353
1354         switch (transport) {
1355
1356         case BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL:
1357                 if (user)
1358                         r = bus_connect_user_systemd(bus);
1359                 else {
1360                         if (sd_booted() <= 0) {
1361                                 /* Print a friendly message when the local system is actually not running systemd as PID 1. */
1362                                 log_error("System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.");
1363
1364                                 return -EHOSTDOWN;
1365                         }
1366                         r = bus_connect_system_systemd(bus);
1367                 }
1368                 break;
1369
1370         case BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE:
1371                 r = sd_bus_open_system_remote(bus, host);
1372                 break;
1373
1374         case BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE:
1375                 r = sd_bus_open_system_machine(bus, host);
1376                 break;
1377
1378         default:
1379                 assert_not_reached("Hmm, unknown transport type.");
1380         }
1381
1382         return r;
1383 }
1384 #endif // 0
1385
1386 int bus_property_get_bool(
1387                 sd_bus *bus,
1388                 const char *path,
1389                 const char *interface,
1390                 const char *property,
1391                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1392                 void *userdata,
1393                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1394
1395         int b = *(bool*) userdata;
1396
1397         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 'b', &b);
1398 }
1399
1400 int bus_property_set_bool(
1401                 sd_bus *bus,
1402                 const char *path,
1403                 const char *interface,
1404                 const char *property,
1405                 sd_bus_message *value,
1406                 void *userdata,
1407                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1408
1409         int b, r;
1410
1411         r = sd_bus_message_read(value, "b", &b);
1412         if (r < 0)
1413                 return r;
1414
1415         *(bool *) userdata = !!b;
1416         return 0;
1417 }
1418
1419 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1420 int bus_property_get_id128(
1421                 sd_bus *bus,
1422                 const char *path,
1423                 const char *interface,
1424                 const char *property,
1425                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1426                 void *userdata,
1427                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1428
1429         sd_id128_t *id = userdata;
1430
1431         if (sd_id128_is_null(*id)) /* Add an empty array if the ID is zero */
1432                 return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "ay", 0);
1433         else
1434                 return sd_bus_message_append_array(reply, 'y', id->bytes, 16);
1435 }
1436 #endif // 0
1437
1438 #if __SIZEOF_SIZE_T__ != 8
1439 int bus_property_get_size(
1440                 sd_bus *bus,
1441                 const char *path,
1442                 const char *interface,
1443                 const char *property,
1444                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1445                 void *userdata,
1446                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1447
1448         uint64_t sz = *(size_t*) userdata;
1449
1450         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 't', &sz);
1451 }
1452 #endif
1453
1454 #if __SIZEOF_LONG__ != 8
1455 int bus_property_get_long(
1456                 sd_bus *bus,
1457                 const char *path,
1458                 const char *interface,
1459                 const char *property,
1460                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1461                 void *userdata,
1462                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1463
1464         int64_t l = *(long*) userdata;
1465
1466         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 'x', &l);
1467 }
1468
1469 int bus_property_get_ulong(
1470                 sd_bus *bus,
1471                 const char *path,
1472                 const char *interface,
1473                 const char *property,
1474                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1475                 void *userdata,
1476                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1477
1478         uint64_t ul = *(unsigned long*) userdata;
1479
1480         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 't', &ul);
1481 }
1482 #endif
1483
1484 int bus_log_parse_error(int r) {
1485         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse bus message: %m");
1486 }
1487
1488 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1489 int bus_log_create_error(int r) {
1490         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus message: %m");
1491 }
1492
1493 #endif // 0
1494 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1495 /**
1496  * bus_path_encode_unique() - encode unique object path
1497  * @b: bus connection or NULL
1498  * @prefix: object path prefix
1499  * @sender_id: unique-name of client, or NULL
1500  * @external_id: external ID to be chosen by client, or NULL
1501  * @ret_path: storage for encoded object path pointer
1502  *
1503  * Whenever we provide a bus API that allows clients to create and manage
1504  * server-side objects, we need to provide a unique name for these objects. If
1505  * we let the server choose the name, we suffer from a race condition: If a
1506  * client creates an object asynchronously, it cannot destroy that object until
1507  * it received the method reply. It cannot know the name of the new object,
1508  * thus, it cannot destroy it. Furthermore, it enforces a round-trip.
1509  *
1510  * Therefore, many APIs allow the client to choose the unique name for newly
1511  * created objects. There're two problems to solve, though:
1512  *    1) Object names are usually defined via dbus object paths, which are
1513  *       usually globally namespaced. Therefore, multiple clients must be able
1514  *       to choose unique object names without interference.
1515  *    2) If multiple libraries share the same bus connection, they must be
1516  *       able to choose unique object names without interference.
1517  * The first problem is solved easily by prefixing a name with the
1518  * unique-bus-name of a connection. The server side must enforce this and
1519  * reject any other name. The second problem is solved by providing unique
1520  * suffixes from within sd-bus.
1521  *
1522  * This helper allows clients to create unique object-paths. It uses the
1523  * template '/prefix/sender_id/external_id' and returns the new path in
1524  * @ret_path (must be freed by the caller).
1525  * If @sender_id is NULL, the unique-name of @b is used. If @external_id is
1526  * NULL, this function allocates a unique suffix via @b (by requesting a new
1527  * cookie). If both @sender_id and @external_id are given, @b can be passed as
1528  * NULL.
1529  *
1530  * Returns: 0 on success, negative error code on failure.
1531  */
1532 int bus_path_encode_unique(sd_bus *b, const char *prefix, const char *sender_id, const char *external_id, char **ret_path) {
1533         _cleanup_free_ char *sender_label = NULL, *external_label = NULL;
1534         char external_buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t)], *p;
1535         int r;
1536
1537         assert_return(b || (sender_id && external_id), -EINVAL);
1538         assert_return(object_path_is_valid(prefix), -EINVAL);
1539         assert_return(ret_path, -EINVAL);
1540
1541         if (!sender_id) {
1542                 r = sd_bus_get_unique_name(b, &sender_id);
1543                 if (r < 0)
1544                         return r;
1545         }
1546
1547         if (!external_id) {
1548                 xsprintf(external_buf, "%"PRIu64, ++b->cookie);
1549                 external_id = external_buf;
1550         }
1551
1552         sender_label = bus_label_escape(sender_id);
1553         if (!sender_label)
1554                 return -ENOMEM;
1555
1556         external_label = bus_label_escape(external_id);
1557         if (!external_label)
1558                 return -ENOMEM;
1559
1560         p = strjoin(prefix, "/", sender_label, "/", external_label);
1561         if (!p)
1562                 return -ENOMEM;
1563
1564         *ret_path = p;
1565         return 0;
1566 }
1567
1568 /**
1569  * bus_path_decode_unique() - decode unique object path
1570  * @path: object path to decode
1571  * @prefix: object path prefix
1572  * @ret_sender: output parameter for sender-id label
1573  * @ret_external: output parameter for external-id label
1574  *
1575  * This does the reverse of bus_path_encode_unique() (see its description for
1576  * details). Both trailing labels, sender-id and external-id, are unescaped and
1577  * returned in the given output parameters (the caller must free them).
1578  *
1579  * Note that this function returns 0 if the path does not match the template
1580  * (see bus_path_encode_unique()), 1 if it matched.
1581  *
1582  * Returns: Negative error code on failure, 0 if the given object path does not
1583  *          match the template (return parameters are set to NULL), 1 if it was
1584  *          parsed successfully (return parameters contain allocated labels).
1585  */
1586 int bus_path_decode_unique(const char *path, const char *prefix, char **ret_sender, char **ret_external) {
1587         const char *p, *q;
1588         char *sender, *external;
1589
1590         assert(object_path_is_valid(path));
1591         assert(object_path_is_valid(prefix));
1592         assert(ret_sender);
1593         assert(ret_external);
1594
1595         p = object_path_startswith(path, prefix);
1596         if (!p) {
1597                 *ret_sender = NULL;
1598                 *ret_external = NULL;
1599                 return 0;
1600         }
1601
1602         q = strchr(p, '/');
1603         if (!q) {
1604                 *ret_sender = NULL;
1605                 *ret_external = NULL;
1606                 return 0;
1607         }
1608
1609         sender = bus_label_unescape_n(p, q - p);
1610         external = bus_label_unescape(q + 1);
1611         if (!sender || !external) {
1612                 free(sender);
1613                 free(external);
1614                 return -ENOMEM;
1615         }
1616
1617         *ret_sender = sender;
1618         *ret_external = external;
1619         return 1;
1620 }
1621 #endif // 0
1622
1623 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1624 int bus_property_get_rlimit(
1625                 sd_bus *bus,
1626                 const char *path,
1627                 const char *interface,
1628                 const char *property,
1629                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1630                 void *userdata,
1631                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1632
1633         const char *is_soft;
1634         struct rlimit *rl;
1635         uint64_t u;
1636         rlim_t x;
1637
1638         assert(bus);
1639         assert(reply);
1640         assert(userdata);
1641
1642         is_soft = endswith(property, "Soft");
1643
1644         rl = *(struct rlimit**) userdata;
1645         if (rl)
1646                 x = is_soft ? rl->rlim_cur : rl->rlim_max;
1647         else {
1648                 struct rlimit buf = {};
1649                 const char *s, *p;
1650                 int z;
1651
1652                 /* Chop off "Soft" suffix */
1653                 s = is_soft ? strndupa(property, is_soft - property) : property;
1654
1655                 /* Skip over any prefix, such as "Default" */
1656                 assert_se(p = strstr(s, "Limit"));
1657
1658                 z = rlimit_from_string(p + 5);
1659                 assert(z >= 0);
1660
1661                 (void) getrlimit(z, &buf);
1662                 x = is_soft ? buf.rlim_cur : buf.rlim_max;
1663         }
1664
1665         /* rlim_t might have different sizes, let's map RLIMIT_INFINITY to (uint64_t) -1, so that it is the same on all
1666          * archs */
1667         u = x == RLIM_INFINITY ? (uint64_t) -1 : (uint64_t) x;
1668
1669         return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "t", u);
1670 }
1671
1672 int bus_track_add_name_many(sd_bus_track *t, char **l) {
1673         int r = 0;
1674         char **i;
1675
1676         assert(t);
1677
1678         /* Continues adding after failure, and returns the first failure. */
1679
1680         STRV_FOREACH(i, l) {
1681                 int k;
1682
1683                 k = sd_bus_track_add_name(t, *i);
1684                 if (k < 0 && r >= 0)
1685                         r = k;
1686         }
1687
1688         return r;
1689 }
1690 #endif // 0
1691
1692 int bus_open_system_watch_bind_with_description(sd_bus **ret, const char *description) {
1693         _cleanup_(sd_bus_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1694         const char *e;
1695         int r;
1696
1697         assert(ret);
1698
1699         /* Match like sd_bus_open_system(), but with the "watch_bind" feature and the Connected() signal turned on. */
1700
1701         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
1702         if (r < 0)
1703                 return r;
1704
1705         if (description) {
1706                 r = sd_bus_set_description(bus, description);
1707                 if (r < 0)
1708                         return r;
1709         }
1710
1711         e = secure_getenv("DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS");
1712         if (!e)
1713                 e = DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS;
1714
1715         r = sd_bus_set_address(bus, e);
1716         if (r < 0)
1717                 return r;
1718
1719         r = sd_bus_set_bus_client(bus, true);
1720         if (r < 0)
1721                 return r;
1722
1723         r = sd_bus_set_trusted(bus, true);
1724         if (r < 0)
1725                 return r;
1726
1727         r = sd_bus_negotiate_creds(bus, true, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID|SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID|SD_BUS_CREDS_EFFECTIVE_CAPS);
1728         if (r < 0)
1729                 return r;
1730
1731         r = sd_bus_set_watch_bind(bus, true);
1732         if (r < 0)
1733                 return r;
1734
1735         r = sd_bus_set_connected_signal(bus, true);
1736         if (r < 0)
1737                 return r;
1738
1739         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
1740         if (r < 0)
1741                 return r;
1742
1743         *ret = TAKE_PTR(bus);
1744
1745         return 0;
1746 }
1747
1748 struct request_name_data {
1749         const char *name;
1750         uint64_t flags;
1751         void *userdata;
1752 };
1753
1754 static int reload_dbus_handler(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
1755         _cleanup_free_ struct request_name_data *data = userdata;
1756         const sd_bus_error *e;
1757         int r;
1758
1759         assert(m);
1760         assert(data);
1761         assert(data->name);
1762
1763         e = sd_bus_message_get_error(m);
1764         if (e) {
1765                 log_error_errno(sd_bus_error_get_errno(e), "Failed to reload DBus configuration: %s", e->message);
1766                 return 1;
1767         }
1768
1769         /* Here, use the default request name handler to avoid an infinite loop of reloading and requesting. */
1770         r = sd_bus_request_name_async(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m), NULL, data->name, data->flags, NULL, data->userdata);
1771         if (r < 0)
1772                 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request name: %m");
1773
1774         return 1;
1775 }
1776
1777 static int request_name_handler_may_reload_dbus(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
1778         _cleanup_free_ struct request_name_data *data = userdata;
1779         uint32_t ret;
1780         int r;
1781
1782         assert(m);
1783         assert(userdata);
1784
1785         if (sd_bus_message_is_method_error(m, NULL)) {
1786                 const sd_bus_error *e = sd_bus_message_get_error(m);
1787
1788                 if (!sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
1789                         log_debug_errno(sd_bus_error_get_errno(e),
1790                                         "Unable to request name, failing connection: %s",
1791                                         e->message);
1792
1793                         bus_enter_closing(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
1794                         return 1;
1795                 }
1796
1797                 log_debug_errno(sd_bus_error_get_errno(e),
1798                                 "Unable to request name, retry after reloading DBus configuration: %s",
1799                                 e->message);
1800
1801                 /* If systemd-timesyncd.service enables DynamicUser= and dbus.service
1802                  * started before the dynamic user is realized, then the DBus policy
1803                  * about timesyncd has not been enabled yet. So, let's try to reload
1804                  * DBus configuration, and after that request name again. Note that it
1805                  * seems that no privileges are necessary to call the following method. */
1806
1807                 r = sd_bus_call_method_async(
1808                                 sd_bus_message_get_bus(m),
1809                                 NULL,
1810                                 "org.freedesktop.DBus",
1811                                 "/org/freedesktop/DBus",
1812                                 "org.freedesktop.DBus",
1813                                 "ReloadConfig",
1814                                 reload_dbus_handler,
1815                                 userdata, NULL);
1816                 if (r < 0) {
1817                         log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reload DBus configuration: %m");
1818                         bus_enter_closing(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
1819                         return 1;
1820                 }
1821
1822                 data = NULL; /* Avoid free() */
1823                 return 1;
1824         }
1825
1826         r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "u", &ret);
1827         if (r < 0)
1828                 return r;
1829
1830         switch (ret) {
1831
1832         case BUS_NAME_ALREADY_OWNER:
1833                 log_debug("Already owner of requested service name, ignoring.");
1834                 return 1;
1835
1836         case BUS_NAME_IN_QUEUE:
1837                 log_debug("In queue for requested service name.");
1838                 return 1;
1839
1840         case BUS_NAME_PRIMARY_OWNER:
1841                 log_debug("Successfully acquired requested service name.");
1842                 return 1;
1843
1844         case BUS_NAME_EXISTS:
1845                 log_debug("Requested service name already owned, failing connection.");
1846                 bus_enter_closing(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
1847                 return 1;
1848         }
1849
1850         log_debug("Unexpected response from RequestName(), failing connection.");
1851         bus_enter_closing(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
1852         return 1;
1853 }
1854
1855 int bus_request_name_async_may_reload_dbus(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **ret_slot, const char *name, uint64_t flags, void *userdata) {
1856         struct request_name_data *data;
1857
1858         data = new0(struct request_name_data, 1);
1859         if (!data)
1860                 return -ENOMEM;
1861
1862         data->name = name;
1863         data->flags = flags;
1864         data->userdata = userdata;
1865
1866         return sd_bus_request_name_async(bus, ret_slot, name, flags, request_name_handler_may_reload_dbus, data);
1867 }