1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
50 #include "ratelimit.h"
52 #include "mount-setup.h"
53 #include "unit-name.h"
54 #include "dbus-unit.h"
57 #include "path-lookup.h"
59 #include "bus-errors.h"
60 #include "exit-status.h"
62 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
63 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
65 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
66 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
68 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
69 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/dev/.run/systemd/notify"
70 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
72 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
75 struct sockaddr_un un;
77 struct epoll_event ev;
82 m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
83 if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
84 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
89 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
92 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
94 unlink(NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM);
95 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
98 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
99 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
101 if (bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
102 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
106 if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
107 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
113 ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
115 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
118 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
119 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
121 if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
124 log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
129 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
134 /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
135 if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
136 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
138 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
139 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
141 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
142 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
143 log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
145 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
151 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
153 struct epoll_event ev;
158 /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
160 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
161 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
162 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
164 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
166 sigset_add_many(&mask,
167 SIGCHLD, /* Child died */
168 SIGTERM, /* Reexecute daemon */
169 SIGHUP, /* Reload configuration */
170 SIGUSR1, /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
171 SIGUSR2, /* systemd: dump status */
172 SIGINT, /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
173 SIGWINCH, /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
174 SIGPWR, /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
175 SIGRTMIN+0, /* systemd: start default.target */
176 SIGRTMIN+1, /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
177 SIGRTMIN+2, /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
178 SIGRTMIN+3, /* systemd: start halt.target */
179 SIGRTMIN+4, /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
180 SIGRTMIN+5, /* systemd: start reboot.target */
181 SIGRTMIN+6, /* systemd: start kexec.target */
182 SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
183 SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
184 SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
185 SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
186 SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
187 SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
189 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
191 m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
192 if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
197 ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
199 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
202 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
203 return enable_special_signals(m);
208 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
213 assert(running_as >= 0);
214 assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
216 if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
219 dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
221 m->running_as = running_as;
222 m->name_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
223 m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
224 m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
230 m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
231 m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
233 if (!(m->environment = strv_copy(environ)))
236 if (!(m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL)))
239 if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
242 if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
245 if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
248 if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
251 if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
254 if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
257 if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
260 if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
263 if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
266 if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
269 if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
272 /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
273 if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
277 if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0)
278 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
289 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
295 while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
296 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
298 unit_free((Unit*) meta);
306 GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH, /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
307 GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, /* No clue */
308 GC_OFFSET_GOOD, /* We still need this unit */
309 GC_OFFSET_BAD, /* We don't need this unit anymore */
313 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
320 if (u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
321 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
322 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
325 if (u->meta.in_cleanup_queue)
328 if (unit_check_gc(u))
331 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
335 SET_FOREACH(other, u->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
336 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
338 if (other->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
341 if (other->meta.gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
348 /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
349 * let's investigate it later */
350 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
351 unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
355 /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
356 * let's mark it for deletion */
357 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
358 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
362 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
365 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
372 if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
373 (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
374 (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
377 log_debug("Running GC...");
379 m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
380 if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
383 gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
385 while ((meta = m->gc_queue)) {
386 assert(meta->in_gc_queue);
388 unit_gc_sweep((Unit*) meta, gc_marker);
390 LIST_REMOVE(Meta, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, meta);
391 meta->in_gc_queue = false;
395 if (meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
396 meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
397 log_debug("Collecting %s", meta->id);
398 meta->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
399 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue((Unit*) meta);
403 m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
404 m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
409 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
415 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
418 while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
421 manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
423 assert(!m->load_queue);
424 assert(!m->run_queue);
425 assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
426 assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
427 assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
428 assert(!m->gc_queue);
430 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
431 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
432 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
435 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
440 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
442 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
443 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
444 unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
446 /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
448 manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
450 manager_undo_generators(m);
454 hashmap_free(m->units);
455 hashmap_free(m->jobs);
456 hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
457 hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
458 hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
460 if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
461 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
462 if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
463 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
464 if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
465 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
468 if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
469 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
472 free(m->notify_socket);
474 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
475 strv_free(m->environment);
477 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
479 hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
480 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
485 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
491 /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
492 * that it might know */
493 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
494 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
495 if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
498 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
502 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
510 /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
511 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
517 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
524 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
531 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
533 if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
534 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
538 /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
539 * we don't always have to go to disk */
541 STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
544 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
545 log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
549 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
552 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
555 if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, de->d_name) < 0) {
560 if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
573 log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
575 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
576 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
582 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
587 manager_run_generators(m);
589 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
591 /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
592 * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
595 m->n_deserializing ++;
597 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
598 r = manager_enumerate(m);
600 /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
602 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
605 /* Third, fire things up! */
606 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
610 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
611 m->n_deserializing --;
617 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
621 /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
623 manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
629 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
632 /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
635 while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
636 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
639 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
645 /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
647 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
648 while (j->subject_list)
649 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
650 while (j->object_list)
651 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
654 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
657 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
662 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
664 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
668 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
670 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
673 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
678 /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
679 * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
680 * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
681 * are fully marked as mattering. */
686 l = m->transaction_anchor;
688 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
690 /* This link does not matter */
694 /* This unit has already been marked */
695 if (l->object->generation == generation)
698 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
699 l->object->generation = generation;
701 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
705 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
706 JobDependency *l, *last;
710 assert(j->unit == other->unit);
711 assert(!j->installed);
713 /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
716 j->state = JOB_WAITING;
717 j->override = j->override || other->override;
719 j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
721 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
723 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
724 assert(l->subject == other);
729 /* Merge both lists */
731 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
733 j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
734 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
737 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
739 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
740 assert(l->object == other);
745 /* Merge both lists */
747 last->object_next = j->object_list;
749 j->object_list->object_prev = last;
750 j->object_list = other->object_list;
753 /* Kill the other job */
754 other->subject_list = NULL;
755 other->object_list = NULL;
756 transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
758 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
763 /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
764 * ConflictedBy dependency. */
766 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
773 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
778 /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
779 * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
780 * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
781 * transaction work. */
783 /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
784 * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
785 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
786 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
789 /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
790 if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
793 /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
794 * drop one of them */
795 if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
797 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
798 * find the one that is smarter to
799 * remove. Let's think positive and
800 * rather remove stops then starts --
801 * except if something is being
802 * stopped because it is conflicted by
803 * another unit in which case we
804 * rather remove the start. */
806 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
807 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
809 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
811 if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
816 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
818 if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
825 } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
827 else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
832 /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
833 log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
834 transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
841 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
848 /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
849 * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
850 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
855 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
856 if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
859 /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
860 * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
863 if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
864 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
865 * let's ask our callers to call us
866 * again after garbage collecting */
869 /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
870 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
871 job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->meta.id);
876 /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
877 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
881 /* Merge all transactions */
882 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
883 assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
885 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
886 if (j->unit->meta.job)
887 job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
889 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
891 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
894 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
897 assert(!j->transaction_next);
898 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
904 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
909 /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
918 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
919 bool changes_something = false;
922 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
924 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
925 (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
926 (!k->unit->meta.job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->meta.job->type)))
929 changes_something = true;
933 if (changes_something)
936 /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
937 transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
945 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
947 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
949 /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
950 * matters to the anchor. */
952 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
953 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
959 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
966 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
968 /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
969 * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
971 /* Have we seen this before? */
972 if (j->generation == generation) {
975 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
976 * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
977 * shortcut things and return right-away. */
981 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
982 * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
983 * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
984 * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
985 * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
987 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
990 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
992 log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
996 !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
997 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
1002 /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1010 log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1011 transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1015 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1017 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1021 /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1022 * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1023 * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1025 j->marker = from ? from : j;
1026 j->generation = generation;
1028 /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1029 * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1030 SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1033 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1034 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1036 /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1037 * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1039 if (!(o = u->meta.job))
1042 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1046 /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1047 * our path anymore. */
1053 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1062 /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1063 * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1065 g = (*generation)++;
1067 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1068 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1074 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1079 /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1087 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1088 if (j->object_list) {
1089 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1090 /* j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1091 /* j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->meta.id : "root", */
1092 /* j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1096 /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1097 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1105 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1111 /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1112 * existing jobs would be replaced */
1114 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1117 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1118 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1120 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
1121 j->unit->meta.job != j &&
1122 !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type)) {
1124 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1132 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1136 /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1137 * or that stop a running service. */
1145 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1146 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1147 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1149 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1150 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1153 /* Would this stop a running service?
1154 * Would this change an existing job?
1155 * If so, let's drop this entry */
1157 stops_running_service =
1158 j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1160 changes_existing_job =
1161 j->unit->meta.job &&
1162 job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type);
1164 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1167 if (stops_running_service)
1168 log_info("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1170 if (changes_existing_job)
1171 log_info("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1173 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1174 log_info("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1176 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1188 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m) {
1193 /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1195 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1197 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1198 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1203 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1207 while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1209 /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1213 if (j->unit->meta.job)
1214 job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
1216 j->unit->meta.job = j;
1217 j->installed = true;
1218 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1220 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1223 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1224 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1226 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1227 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1230 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1233 /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1234 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1240 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1244 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1250 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1252 unsigned generation = 1;
1256 /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1257 * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1259 /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1260 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1262 /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1263 * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1264 * jobs if we don't have to. */
1265 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1266 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1268 /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1269 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1272 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1274 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1276 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1277 * cycles if necessary and possible */
1278 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1282 log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1286 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1287 * graph is still cyclic... */
1291 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1292 * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1294 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1298 log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1302 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1303 * collect its dependencies. */
1304 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1306 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1307 * unmergeable entries ... */
1310 /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1311 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1313 /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1314 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1315 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1316 log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1320 /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1321 if ((r = transaction_apply(m)) < 0) {
1322 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1326 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1327 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1332 transaction_abort(m);
1336 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1342 /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1343 * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1346 f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1348 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1349 assert(j->unit == unit);
1351 if (j->type == type) {
1358 if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1360 else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1365 j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1366 j->override = override;
1368 LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1370 if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1378 /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1383 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1387 if (j->transaction_prev)
1388 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1389 else if (j->transaction_next)
1390 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1392 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1394 if (j->transaction_next)
1395 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1397 j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1399 while (j->subject_list)
1400 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1402 while (j->object_list) {
1403 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1405 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1407 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1408 log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1409 other->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1410 j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1411 transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1416 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1434 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1437 /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1438 /* unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1439 /* by ? by->unit->meta.id : "NA", */
1440 /* by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1442 if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1443 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1444 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1445 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->meta.id);
1449 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1450 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1451 "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1452 "See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.",
1454 strerror(-unit->meta.load_error));
1458 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1459 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->meta.id);
1463 if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1464 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->meta.id);
1468 /* First add the job. */
1469 if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1472 ret->ignore_deps = ret->ignore_deps || ignore_deps;
1474 /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1475 if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1478 if (is_new && !ignore_deps) {
1481 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1482 * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1483 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1484 SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1485 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1486 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1492 set_free(following);
1495 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1496 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1497 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1498 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1506 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1507 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1516 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1517 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1518 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1524 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1525 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1526 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1532 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1533 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1542 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1543 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1544 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1550 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1551 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1560 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1561 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1562 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1568 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1570 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1571 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1580 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1581 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1591 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1603 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1611 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1613 /* ignore aliases */
1614 if (u->meta.id != k)
1617 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->no_isolate)
1620 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1621 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->meta.job)
1624 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1625 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1628 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1629 log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->meta.id, strerror(-r));
1635 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1640 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1642 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1644 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1645 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1649 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->meta.allow_isolate) {
1650 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1654 log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1656 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false, mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1657 transaction_abort(m);
1661 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1662 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1663 transaction_abort(m);
1667 if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1670 log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1678 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1683 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1685 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1687 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1690 return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1693 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1696 return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1699 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1703 return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1706 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1712 /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1713 if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1716 m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1718 /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1719 * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1721 while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1722 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1724 unit_load((Unit*) meta);
1728 m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1732 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1737 assert(name || path);
1739 /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1740 * load anything from disk. */
1742 if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1743 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1748 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1750 if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, false)) {
1751 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1755 if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1760 if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1764 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1769 if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1774 unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1775 unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1776 unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1784 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1789 /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1790 * start any services or anything. */
1792 if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1795 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1798 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1803 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1810 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1811 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1814 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1822 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1823 if (u->meta.id == t)
1824 unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1827 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1832 transaction_abort(m);
1834 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1835 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1838 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1842 if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1845 m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1847 while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1848 assert(j->installed);
1849 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1851 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1855 m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1859 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1866 if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1869 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1871 while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1872 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1874 bus_unit_send_change_signal((Unit*) meta);
1878 while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1879 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1881 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1885 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1889 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1896 struct msghdr msghdr;
1898 struct ucred *ucred;
1900 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1901 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1907 iovec.iov_base = buf;
1908 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
1912 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
1913 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1914 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
1915 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
1917 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
1921 if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
1927 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
1928 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
1929 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
1930 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1931 log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
1935 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
1937 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
1938 if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
1939 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
1943 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
1945 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
1948 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->meta.id);
1950 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1951 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
1959 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1969 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1970 * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1971 * it while it is a zombie. */
1972 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1974 if (errno == ECHILD)
1986 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
1989 get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
1990 log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
1994 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
1995 * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
1996 * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
1997 * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
1998 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2001 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2002 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2003 u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2005 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2006 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2013 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2016 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2017 (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2018 sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2020 strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2021 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2022 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2027 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->meta.id);
2029 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2030 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2036 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2040 dbus_error_init(&error);
2042 log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2044 if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2045 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2047 dbus_error_free(&error);
2052 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2054 struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2055 bool sigchld = false;
2062 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2067 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2073 if (sfsi.ssi_pid > 0)
2074 get_process_name(sfsi.ssi_pid, &p);
2076 log_debug("Received SIG%s from PID %lu (%s)",
2077 strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)),
2078 (unsigned long) sfsi.ssi_pid, strna(p));
2081 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2088 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2089 /* This is for compatibility with the
2090 * original sysvinit */
2091 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2098 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2099 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2103 /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2104 if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2105 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2112 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2113 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2115 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2119 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2120 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2122 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2128 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2130 if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2131 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2135 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2136 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2137 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2148 if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2149 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2153 manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2154 manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2159 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2164 log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2171 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2175 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2176 static const char * const target_table[] = {
2177 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2178 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2179 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2180 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2181 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2182 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2183 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2186 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2187 static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2189 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2190 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2194 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2195 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2196 manager_start_target(m, target_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN],
2197 (sfsi.ssi_signo == 1 || sfsi.ssi_signo == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2201 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2202 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2203 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2207 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2210 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2211 m->show_status = true;
2215 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2216 m->show_status = false;
2220 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2227 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2232 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2239 assert(w = ev->data.ptr);
2241 if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2248 /* An incoming signal? */
2249 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2252 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2259 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2260 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2263 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2270 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2271 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2274 case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2275 case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2279 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2280 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2282 if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2285 return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2288 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2289 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2291 job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2296 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2297 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2301 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2302 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2306 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2307 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2310 case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2311 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2314 case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2315 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2319 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2320 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2326 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2329 RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 1000);
2332 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2334 /* Release the path cache */
2335 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2336 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2338 manager_check_finished(m);
2340 /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2341 * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2342 if ((r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m)) < 0)
2345 while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2346 struct epoll_event event;
2349 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2350 /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2351 log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2355 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2358 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2361 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2364 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2367 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2370 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2373 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2376 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
2386 if ((r = process_event(m, &event)) < 0)
2390 return m->exit_code;
2393 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2401 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2404 if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2407 u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2418 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2427 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2430 if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2433 if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2441 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2446 if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2449 /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2450 * started and we're just deserializing */
2451 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2454 if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->meta.id))) {
2455 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2459 if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2460 log_warning("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2462 if (errno == EPERM) {
2463 /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2464 * Then let's not retry again, to avoid
2465 * spamming the user with the same and same
2466 * messages over and over. */
2468 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
2478 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2480 union sockaddr_union sa;
2482 char *message = NULL;
2484 /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2485 * started and we're just deserializing */
2486 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2489 if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2492 if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2493 u->meta.type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2494 u->meta.type != UNIT_SWAP)
2497 /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2498 * message then wait for plymouth */
2499 if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2500 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2505 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2506 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2507 if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2509 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2512 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2513 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2514 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2515 log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2520 if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->meta.id) + 1), u->meta.id, &n) < 0) {
2521 log_error("Out of memory");
2526 if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2528 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2531 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2532 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2533 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2534 log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2541 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2546 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2549 const char* old_owner,
2550 const char *new_owner) {
2557 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2560 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2563 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2574 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2577 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2580 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2588 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2589 asprintf(&path, "/dev/.run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2591 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2596 saved_umask = umask(0077);
2597 fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2607 log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2610 if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")) < 0)
2618 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2628 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2629 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2630 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2634 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2635 if (u->meta.id != t)
2638 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2642 fputs(u->meta.id, f);
2645 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2655 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2661 log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2663 m->n_deserializing ++;
2666 char line[1024], *l;
2668 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2683 if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2684 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2685 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2686 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2687 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2688 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2690 log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2695 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2698 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2709 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2712 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2722 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2723 m->n_deserializing --;
2728 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2735 if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2738 if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2743 if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2746 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2751 /* From here on there is no way back. */
2752 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2753 manager_undo_generators(m);
2755 /* Find new unit paths */
2756 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2757 if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
2760 manager_run_generators(m);
2762 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2764 m->n_deserializing ++;
2766 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2767 if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2770 /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2771 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2777 /* Third, fire things up! */
2778 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2781 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2782 m->n_deserializing ++;
2794 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2799 /* Is the initial job still around? */
2800 if (manager_get_job(m, 1))
2803 /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2804 if (((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))))
2805 return !!u->meta.job;
2810 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2816 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2817 unit_reset_failed(u);
2820 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2826 /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2827 if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
2830 return unit_pending_inactive(u);
2833 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2834 char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2838 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
2841 if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
2844 dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
2846 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
2848 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2849 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2850 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2851 m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2852 format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd),
2853 m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic),
2854 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2855 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2856 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2857 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2859 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2860 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel),
2861 m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2862 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2863 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic),
2864 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum),
2865 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic));
2867 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
2868 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace),
2869 m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic));
2873 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
2875 const char *generator_path;
2876 const char *argv[3];
2880 generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
2881 if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
2883 if (errno == ENOENT)
2886 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
2890 if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
2892 char system_path[] = "/dev/.run/systemd/generator-XXXXXX",
2893 user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
2895 if (!(p = mkdtemp(m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? system_path : user_path))) {
2896 log_error("Failed to generate generator directory: %m");
2900 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
2901 log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
2906 argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
2907 argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
2910 execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
2912 if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
2913 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
2914 * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
2917 free(m->generator_unit_path);
2918 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2922 if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
2925 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
2926 log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
2930 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
2931 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
2933 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
2941 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
2944 if (!m->generator_unit_path)
2947 strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
2948 rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true);
2950 free(m->generator_unit_path);
2951 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
2954 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
2959 if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
2962 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
2963 m->default_controllers = l;
2968 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
2969 [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
2970 [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
2973 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);