1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include "load-fragment.h"
42 #include "conf-parser.h"
43 #include "bus-errors.h"
51 #include "path-util.h"
52 #include "switch-root.h"
53 #include "capability.h"
57 #include "sd-daemon.h"
59 #include "mount-setup.h"
60 #include "loopback-setup.h"
62 #include "kmod-setup.h"
64 #include "hostname-setup.h"
65 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
66 #include "locale-setup.h"
67 #include "selinux-setup.h"
68 #include "ima-setup.h"
70 #include "smack-setup.h"
77 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
79 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
81 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
82 static SystemdRunningAs arg_running_as = _SYSTEMD_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
84 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
85 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
86 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
87 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
88 static bool arg_show_status = true;
89 static bool arg_switched_root = false;
90 static char **arg_default_controllers = NULL;
91 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
92 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
93 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
94 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
95 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
96 static struct rlimit *arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NLIMITS] = {};
97 static uint64_t arg_capability_bounding_set_drop = 0;
98 static nsec_t arg_timer_slack_nsec = (nsec_t) -1;
100 static FILE* serialization = NULL;
102 static void nop_handler(int sig) {
105 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
108 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
113 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
115 sa.sa_handler = nop_handler;
116 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
117 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
119 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
120 log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(errno));
125 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
127 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
128 assert_se(sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) == 0);
130 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
132 rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
133 rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
134 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
136 /* Just to be sure... */
137 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
139 /* Raise the signal again */
142 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
149 /* Order things nicely. */
150 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
151 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(-r));
152 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
153 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig));
155 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig), (unsigned long) pid);
160 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
162 if (arg_crash_shell) {
166 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
169 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
171 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
172 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART;
173 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
177 log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %m");
179 make_console_stdio();
180 execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL);
182 log_error("execl() failed: %m");
186 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid);
189 log_info("Freezing execution.");
193 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
198 sa.sa_handler = crash;
199 sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
201 sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
204 static int console_setup(bool do_reset) {
207 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
208 * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
215 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
217 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd));
221 /* We don't want to force text mode.
222 * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
223 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
225 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r));
227 close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd);
231 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
240 free(arg_default_unit);
241 arg_default_unit = c;
246 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word) {
248 static const char * const rlmap[] = {
249 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
250 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
251 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
252 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
253 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
254 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
255 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
256 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
257 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
258 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
259 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
264 if (startswith(word, "systemd.unit=")) {
267 return set_default_unit(word + 13);
269 } else if (startswith(word, "rd.systemd.unit=")) {
272 return set_default_unit(word + 16);
274 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_target=")) {
276 if (log_set_target_from_string(word + 19) < 0)
277 log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
279 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_level=")) {
281 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
282 log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
284 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_color=")) {
286 if (log_show_color_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
287 log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
289 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_location=")) {
291 if (log_show_location_from_string(word + 21) < 0)
292 log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 21);
294 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
297 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 18)) < 0)
298 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
302 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
305 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
306 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
310 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
313 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 22)) < 0)
314 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 22);
316 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
318 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
321 if (safe_atoi(word + 19, &k) < 0)
322 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
326 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.show_status=")) {
329 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
330 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
333 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
336 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 32)) < 0)
337 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 32);
339 arg_default_std_output = r;
340 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
343 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 31)) < 0)
344 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 31);
346 arg_default_std_error = r;
347 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.setenv=")) {
348 _cleanup_free_ char *cenv = NULL;
352 cenv = strdup(word + 15);
356 eq = strchr(cenv, '=');
358 if (!env_name_is_valid(cenv))
359 log_warning("Environment variable name '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", cenv);
363 log_warning("Unsetting environment variable '%s' failed, ignoring: %m", cenv);
366 if (!env_assignment_is_valid(cenv))
367 log_warning("Environment variable assignment '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", cenv);
370 r = setenv(cenv, eq + 1, 1);
372 log_warning("Setting environment variable '%s=%s' failed, ignoring: %m", cenv, eq + 1);
376 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.") ||
377 (in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd.systemd."))) {
381 /* Ignore systemd.journald.xyz and friends */
383 if (startswith(c, "rd."))
385 if (startswith(c, "systemd."))
387 if (c[strcspn(c, ".=")] != '.') {
389 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word);
391 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
392 "systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start\n"
393 "rd.systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start when run in initrd\n"
394 "systemd.dump_core=0|1 Dump core on crash\n"
395 "systemd.crash_shell=0|1 Run shell on crash\n"
396 "systemd.crash_chvt=N Change to VT #N on crash\n"
397 "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1 Confirm every process spawn\n"
398 "systemd.show_status=0|1 Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
399 "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
401 "systemd.log_level=LEVEL Log level\n"
402 "systemd.log_color=0|1 Highlight important log messages\n"
403 "systemd.log_location=0|1 Include code location in log messages\n"
404 "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
405 " Set default log output for services\n"
406 "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
407 " Set default log error output for services\n"
408 "systemd.setenv=ASSIGNMENT Set an environment variable for all spawned processes\n");
411 } else if (streq(word, "quiet"))
412 arg_show_status = false;
413 else if (!in_initrd()) {
416 /* SysV compatibility */
417 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
418 if (streq(word, rlmap[i]))
419 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
425 static int config_parse_level2(
426 const char *filename,
439 log_set_max_level_from_string(rvalue);
443 static int config_parse_target(
444 const char *filename,
457 log_set_target_from_string(rvalue);
461 static int config_parse_color(
462 const char *filename,
475 log_show_color_from_string(rvalue);
479 static int config_parse_location(
480 const char *filename,
493 log_show_location_from_string(rvalue);
497 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
498 const char *filename,
517 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
522 if (!(t = strndup(w, l)))
525 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
529 if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
532 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
533 log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to parse CPU affinity: %s", filename, line, rvalue);
538 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
542 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
543 log_warning("Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
551 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
563 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
564 if (!arg_join_controllers)
567 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
568 arg_join_controllers = NULL;
571 static int config_parse_join_controllers(
572 const char *filename,
589 free_join_controllers();
591 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, length, rvalue, state) {
594 s = strndup(w, length);
598 l = strv_split(s, ",");
603 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
608 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
609 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
610 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
615 arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
616 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
623 t = new0(char**, n+2);
631 for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
633 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
636 c = strv_merge(*a, l);
659 t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
661 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
662 arg_join_controllers = t;
669 static int parse_config_file(void) {
671 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
672 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
673 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
674 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
675 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
676 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
677 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
678 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_show_status },
679 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int, 0, &arg_crash_chvt },
680 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
681 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers", config_parse_strv, 0, &arg_default_controllers },
682 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_output },
683 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_error },
684 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
685 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
686 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
687 { "Manager", "CapabilityBoundingSet", config_parse_bounding_set, 0, &arg_capability_bounding_set_drop },
688 { "Manager", "TimerSlackNSec", config_parse_nsec, 0, &arg_timer_slack_nsec },
689 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU]},
690 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE]},
691 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA]},
692 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK]},
693 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CORE]},
694 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS]},
695 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]},
696 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_AS]},
697 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC]},
698 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK]},
699 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_LOCKS]},
700 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING",config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING]},
701 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE]},
702 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NICE]},
703 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTPRIO]},
704 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTTIME]},
705 { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
712 fn = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_CONFIG_FILE : USER_CONFIG_FILE;
718 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn);
722 r = config_parse(fn, f, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, (void*) items, false, NULL);
724 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r));
731 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
732 char *line, *w, *state;
736 /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
737 * that is only relevant for the host system */
738 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
741 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line)) < 0) {
742 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
746 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, line, state) {
749 if (!(word = strndup(w, l))) {
754 r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(word);
756 log_error("Failed on cmdline argument %s: %s", word, strerror(-r));
771 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
774 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
783 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
791 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
792 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
795 static const struct option options[] = {
796 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
797 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
798 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
799 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
800 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
801 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
802 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
803 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
804 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
805 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
806 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
807 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
808 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
809 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
810 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
811 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
812 { "switched-root", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT },
813 { "introspect", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_INTROSPECT },
814 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
815 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
827 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
832 if ((r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
833 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
841 if ((r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
842 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
851 if ((r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
852 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
856 log_show_color(true);
860 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
863 if ((r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
864 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
868 log_show_location(true);
872 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
874 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
875 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
878 arg_default_std_output = r;
881 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
883 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
884 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
887 arg_default_std_error = r;
892 if ((r = set_default_unit(optarg)) < 0) {
893 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
900 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
904 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
908 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
912 arg_action = ACTION_VERSION;
915 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
916 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
920 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
922 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg);
928 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
929 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
931 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg);
937 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
938 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
940 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg);
943 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
946 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
947 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
949 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg);
955 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
959 r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd);
960 if (r < 0 || fd < 0) {
961 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
962 return r < 0 ? r : -EINVAL;
965 fd_cloexec(fd, true);
969 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
974 fclose(serialization);
981 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT:
982 arg_switched_root = true;
985 case ARG_INTROSPECT: {
986 const char * const * i = NULL;
988 for (i = bus_interface_table; *i; i += 2)
989 if (!optarg || streq(i[0], optarg)) {
990 fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
993 fputs("</node>\n", stdout);
1000 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg);
1002 arg_action = ACTION_DONE;
1007 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
1011 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
1017 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
1018 * cmdline args without getopt() error
1019 * messages that we'll parse in
1020 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
1024 if (getpid() != 1) {
1025 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
1032 if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
1033 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
1034 * let's complain about excess arguments */
1036 log_error("Excess arguments.");
1040 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0) {
1043 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
1044 * understand it passed to us. We're not really
1045 * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
1046 * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
1047 * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
1048 * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
1051 for (a = argv; a < argv + argc; a++)
1052 if ((r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a)) < 0) {
1053 log_error("Failed on cmdline argument %s: %s", *a, strerror(-r));
1061 static int help(void) {
1063 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1064 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1065 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1066 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1067 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1068 " --introspect[=INTERFACE] Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1069 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1070 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1071 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1072 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
1073 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
1074 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1075 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1076 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1077 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1078 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
1079 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
1080 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1081 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1082 program_invocation_short_name);
1087 static int version(void) {
1088 puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
1089 puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
1094 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds, bool serialize_jobs) {
1103 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1106 r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
1108 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r));
1115 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1119 r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, serialize_jobs);
1121 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r));
1125 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1126 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1130 r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false);
1132 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r));
1136 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
1138 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r));
1156 static int bump_rlimit_nofile(struct rlimit *saved_rlimit) {
1160 assert(saved_rlimit);
1162 /* Save the original RLIMIT_NOFILE so that we can reset it
1163 * later when transitioning from the initrd to the main
1164 * systemd or suchlike. */
1165 if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, saved_rlimit) < 0) {
1166 log_error("Reading RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %m");
1170 /* Make sure forked processes get the default kernel setting */
1171 if (!arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]) {
1174 rl = newdup(struct rlimit, saved_rlimit, 1);
1178 arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = rl;
1181 /* Bump up the resource limit for ourselves substantially */
1182 nl.rlim_cur = nl.rlim_max = 64*1024;
1183 r = setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &nl);
1185 log_error("Setting RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %s", strerror(-r));
1192 static struct dual_timestamp* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp *t) {
1194 unsigned long long a, b;
1198 e = getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1202 if (sscanf(e, "%llu %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
1205 t->realtime = (usec_t) a;
1206 t->monotonic = (usec_t) b;
1211 static void test_mtab(void) {
1214 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1216 if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p) >= 0) {
1219 b = streq(p, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p, "/proc/mounts");
1226 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1227 "This is not supported anymore. "
1228 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1231 static void test_usr(void) {
1233 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1235 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1238 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1239 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1240 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1243 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1245 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) >= 0)
1248 log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1249 "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1250 "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1251 "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1252 "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1253 "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1258 static int initialize_join_controllers(void) {
1259 /* By default, mount "cpu" + "cpuacct" together, and "net_cls"
1260 * + "net_prio". We'd like to add "cpuset" to the mix, but
1261 * "cpuset" does't really work for groups with no initialized
1264 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 3);
1265 if (!arg_join_controllers)
1268 arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1269 if (!arg_join_controllers[0])
1272 arg_join_controllers[1] = strv_new("net_cls", "net_prio", NULL);
1273 if (!arg_join_controllers[1])
1276 arg_join_controllers[2] = NULL;
1280 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1282 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1283 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1284 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1286 bool reexecute = false;
1287 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1288 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1289 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1290 bool skip_setup = false;
1292 bool loaded_policy = false;
1293 bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1294 bool queue_default_job = false;
1295 char *switch_root_dir = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
1296 static struct rlimit saved_rlimit_nofile = { 0, 0 };
1298 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1299 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1300 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1301 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1304 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1305 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1310 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1311 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1312 * have a quick peek here. */
1313 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--deserialize"))
1316 /* If we have switched root, do all the special setup
1318 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--switched-root"))
1321 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1322 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1323 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1324 systemd right-away. */
1325 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1326 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1331 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1333 if (getpid() == 1 && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
1335 /* Running outside of a container as PID 1 */
1336 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1338 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
1342 char *rd_timestamp = NULL;
1344 dual_timestamp_get(&initrd_timestamp);
1345 asprintf(&rd_timestamp, "%llu %llu",
1346 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.realtime,
1347 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.monotonic);
1349 setenv("RD_TIMESTAMP", rd_timestamp, 1);
1355 mount_setup_early();
1356 if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0)
1358 if (ima_setup() < 0)
1360 if (smack_setup() < 0)
1364 if (label_init(NULL) < 0)
1368 if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1371 /* The first-time call to settimeofday() does a time warp in the kernel */
1372 r = hwclock_set_timezone(&min);
1374 log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1376 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1377 } else if (!in_initrd()) {
1379 * Do dummy first-time call to seal the kernel's time warp magic
1381 * Do not call this this from inside the initrd. The initrd might not
1382 * carry /etc/adjtime with LOCAL, but the real system could be set up
1383 * that way. In such case, we need to delay the time-warp or the sealing
1384 * until we reach the real system.
1386 hwclock_reset_timezone();
1388 /* Tell the kernel our time zone */
1389 r = hwclock_set_timezone(NULL);
1391 log_error("Failed to set the kernel's time zone, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1395 /* Set the default for later on, but don't actually
1396 * open the logs like this for now. Note that if we
1397 * are transitioning from the initrd there might still
1398 * be journal fd open, and we shouldn't attempt
1399 * opening that before we parsed /proc/cmdline which
1400 * might redirect output elsewhere. */
1401 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1403 } else if (getpid() == 1) {
1405 /* Running inside a container, as PID 1 */
1406 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1407 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
1410 /* For the later on, see above... */
1411 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL);
1415 /* Running as user instance */
1416 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
1417 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1421 /* Initialize default unit */
1422 r = set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
1424 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET, strerror(-r));
1428 r = initialize_join_controllers();
1432 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1433 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1434 if (getpid() == 1) {
1435 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1440 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1441 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1443 /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1444 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1446 if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1449 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM)
1450 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1453 log_parse_environment();
1455 if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0)
1458 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST &&
1460 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1464 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER &&
1465 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1467 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but the system has not been booted with systemd.");
1471 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM &&
1472 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1473 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1474 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1478 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1481 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_VERSION) {
1484 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1485 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1486 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1488 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1489 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1493 assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1495 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1498 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1499 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1501 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1504 fdset_cloexec(fds, true);
1507 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(serialization)) >= 0);
1509 /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1511 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1512 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1514 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1516 arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM);
1518 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1519 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1520 * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1521 * pass them on to our children. */
1523 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp);
1525 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1526 * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1530 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1531 * but make little sense to pass on */
1536 /* When we are invoked by a chroot-like tool such as
1537 * nspawn, these might be set, but make little sense
1540 unsetenv("LOGNAME");
1542 /* We suppress the socket activation env vars, as
1543 * we'll try to match *any* open fd to units if
1545 unsetenv("LISTEN_FDS");
1546 unsetenv("LISTEN_PID");
1548 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1549 * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1552 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1553 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1555 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1556 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1559 /* Disable the umask logic */
1563 /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1564 dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE);
1566 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1567 * are freshly booted */
1568 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN)
1569 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !skip_setup);
1571 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1574 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1576 if (getpid() == 1) {
1577 install_crash_handler();
1579 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1584 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1585 const char *virtualization = NULL;
1587 log_info(PACKAGE_STRING " running in system mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")");
1589 detect_virtualization(&virtualization);
1591 log_info("Detected virtualization '%s'.", virtualization);
1594 log_info("Running in initial RAM disk.");
1597 log_debug(PACKAGE_STRING " running in user mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")");
1599 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && !skip_setup) {
1602 if (arg_show_status || plymouth_running())
1617 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1618 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1620 if (arg_timer_slack_nsec != (nsec_t) -1)
1621 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, arg_timer_slack_nsec) < 0)
1622 log_error("Failed to adjust timer slack: %m");
1624 if (arg_capability_bounding_set_drop) {
1625 r = capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop, true);
1627 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set: %s", strerror(-r));
1630 r = capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop);
1632 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers: %s", strerror(-r));
1637 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER) {
1638 /* Become reaper of our children */
1639 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1) < 0) {
1640 log_warning("Failed to make us a subreaper: %m");
1641 if (errno == EINVAL)
1642 log_info("Perhaps the kernel version is too old (< 3.4?)");
1646 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM)
1647 bump_rlimit_nofile(&saved_rlimit_nofile);
1649 r = manager_new(arg_running_as, &m);
1651 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r));
1655 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1656 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1657 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1658 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1659 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1661 manager_set_default_rlimits(m, arg_default_rlimit);
1663 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&initrd_timestamp))
1664 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1666 if (arg_default_controllers)
1667 manager_set_default_controllers(m, arg_default_controllers);
1669 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1671 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
1672 queue_default_job = !serialization || arg_switched_root;
1674 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1676 r = manager_startup(m, serialization, fds);
1678 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r));
1680 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1681 * not claimed by any unit. */
1684 if (serialization) {
1685 fclose(serialization);
1686 serialization = NULL;
1689 if (queue_default_job) {
1691 Unit *target = NULL;
1692 Job *default_unit_job;
1694 dbus_error_init(&error);
1696 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1698 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1700 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1701 dbus_error_free(&error);
1702 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR)
1703 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1704 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1705 log_error("Default target masked.");
1707 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1708 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1710 r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1712 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1713 dbus_error_free(&error);
1715 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1716 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1718 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1719 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1724 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1726 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1727 printf("-> By units:\n");
1728 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1731 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_ISOLATE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1733 log_error("Default target could not be isolated, starting instead: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1734 dbus_error_free(&error);
1736 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1738 log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1739 dbus_error_free(&error);
1743 log_error("Failed to isolate default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1744 dbus_error_free(&error);
1748 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1750 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1751 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1752 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1753 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup));
1755 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1756 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1757 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1758 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1764 r = manager_loop(m);
1766 log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r));
1770 switch (m->exit_code) {
1773 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1777 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1778 log_info("Reloading.");
1779 r = manager_reload(m);
1781 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r));
1784 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1786 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds, true) < 0)
1790 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1793 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1794 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1795 switch_root_dir = m->switch_root;
1796 switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1797 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1799 if (!switch_root_init)
1800 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds, false) < 0)
1804 log_notice("Switching root.");
1807 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1808 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1810 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1811 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1812 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1813 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1814 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1815 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1818 assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1819 arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1821 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1826 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1834 for (j = 0; j < RLIMIT_NLIMITS; j++)
1835 free(arg_default_rlimit[j]);
1837 free(arg_default_unit);
1838 strv_free(arg_default_controllers);
1839 free_join_controllers();
1846 unsigned i, args_size;
1848 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1849 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1850 * rebooted while we do that */
1851 watchdog_close(true);
1853 /* Reset the RLIMIT_NOFILE to the kernel default, so
1854 * that the new systemd can pass the kernel default to
1855 * its child processes */
1856 if (saved_rlimit_nofile.rlim_cur > 0)
1857 setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &saved_rlimit_nofile);
1859 if (switch_root_dir) {
1860 /* Kill all remaining processes from the
1861 * initrd, but don't wait for them, so that we
1862 * can handle the SIGCHLD for them after
1864 broadcast_signal(SIGTERM, false);
1866 /* And switch root */
1867 r = switch_root(switch_root_dir);
1869 log_error("Failed to switch root, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1872 args_size = MAX(6, argc+1);
1873 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1875 if (!switch_root_init) {
1878 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1879 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1880 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1881 * explicit init to spawn. */
1883 assert(serialization);
1886 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(serialization));
1890 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1891 if (switch_root_dir)
1892 args[i++] = "--switched-root";
1893 args[i++] = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user";
1894 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1898 assert(i <= args_size);
1899 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1902 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1903 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1904 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1905 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1906 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1908 if (serialization) {
1909 fclose(serialization);
1910 serialization = NULL;
1918 /* Reopen the console */
1919 make_console_stdio();
1921 for (j = 1, i = 1; j < argc; j++)
1922 args[i++] = argv[j];
1924 assert(i <= args_size);
1926 if (switch_root_init) {
1927 args[0] = switch_root_init;
1928 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1929 log_warning("Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1932 args[0] = "/sbin/init";
1933 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1935 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1936 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1938 args[0] = "/bin/sh";
1940 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1941 log_error("Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1943 log_warning("Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1947 fclose(serialization);
1952 if (shutdown_verb) {
1953 const char * command_line[] = {
1954 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1960 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
1963 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1964 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1965 * repeatedly ping it */
1966 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1967 watchdog_close(false);
1969 /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1970 snprintf(e, sizeof(e), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1973 env_block = strv_append(environ, e);
1975 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1976 watchdog_close(true);
1979 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
1981 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");