1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
29 #include <sys/socket.h>
31 #include <sys/prctl.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include <linux/oom.h>
42 #include <sys/personality.h>
45 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
49 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
57 #include <sys/apparmor.h>
63 #include "capability.h"
66 #include "sd-messages.h"
68 #include "securebits.h"
69 #include "namespace.h"
70 #include "exit-status.h"
72 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
74 #include "path-util.h"
79 #include "selinux-util.h"
80 #include "errno-list.h"
83 #include "apparmor-util.h"
84 #include "smack-util.h"
85 #include "bus-endpoint.h"
90 #include "seccomp-util.h"
93 #define IDLE_TIMEOUT_USEC (5*USEC_PER_SEC)
94 #define IDLE_TIMEOUT2_USEC (1*USEC_PER_SEC)
96 /* This assumes there is a 'tty' group */
99 #define SNDBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
101 static int shift_fds(int fds[], unsigned n_fds) {
102 int start, restart_from;
107 /* Modifies the fds array! (sorts it) */
117 for (i = start; i < (int) n_fds; i++) {
120 /* Already at right index? */
124 if ((nfd = fcntl(fds[i], F_DUPFD, i+3)) < 0)
130 /* Hmm, the fd we wanted isn't free? Then
131 * let's remember that and try again from here */
132 if (nfd != i+3 && restart_from < 0)
136 if (restart_from < 0)
139 start = restart_from;
145 static int flags_fds(const int fds[], unsigned n_fds, bool nonblock) {
154 /* Drops/Sets O_NONBLOCK and FD_CLOEXEC from the file flags */
156 for (i = 0; i < n_fds; i++) {
158 if ((r = fd_nonblock(fds[i], nonblock)) < 0)
161 /* We unconditionally drop FD_CLOEXEC from the fds,
162 * since after all we want to pass these fds to our
165 if ((r = fd_cloexec(fds[i], false)) < 0)
172 _pure_ static const char *tty_path(const ExecContext *context) {
175 if (context->tty_path)
176 return context->tty_path;
178 return "/dev/console";
181 static void exec_context_tty_reset(const ExecContext *context) {
184 if (context->tty_vhangup)
185 terminal_vhangup(tty_path(context));
187 if (context->tty_reset)
188 reset_terminal(tty_path(context));
190 if (context->tty_vt_disallocate && context->tty_path)
191 vt_disallocate(context->tty_path);
194 static bool is_terminal_output(ExecOutput o) {
196 o == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
197 o == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE ||
198 o == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE ||
199 o == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE;
202 static int open_null_as(int flags, int nfd) {
207 fd = open("/dev/null", flags|O_NOCTTY);
212 r = dup2(fd, nfd) < 0 ? -errno : nfd;
220 static int connect_journal_socket(int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
221 union sockaddr_union sa = {
222 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
223 .un.sun_path = "/run/systemd/journal/stdout",
225 uid_t olduid = UID_INVALID;
226 gid_t oldgid = GID_INVALID;
229 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
237 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
247 r = connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen(sa.un.sun_path));
251 /* If we fail to restore the uid or gid, things will likely
252 fail later on. This should only happen if an LSM interferes. */
254 if (uid != UID_INVALID)
255 (void) seteuid(olduid);
258 if (gid != GID_INVALID)
259 (void) setegid(oldgid);
264 static int connect_logger_as(const ExecContext *context, ExecOutput output, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, int nfd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
268 assert(output < _EXEC_OUTPUT_MAX);
272 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
276 r = connect_journal_socket(fd, uid, gid);
280 if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_RD) < 0) {
285 fd_inc_sndbuf(fd, SNDBUF_SIZE);
295 context->syslog_identifier ? context->syslog_identifier : ident,
297 context->syslog_priority,
298 !!context->syslog_level_prefix,
299 output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE,
300 output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE,
301 is_terminal_output(output));
304 r = dup2(fd, nfd) < 0 ? -errno : nfd;
311 static int open_terminal_as(const char *path, mode_t mode, int nfd) {
317 if ((fd = open_terminal(path, mode | O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
321 r = dup2(fd, nfd) < 0 ? -errno : nfd;
329 static bool is_terminal_input(ExecInput i) {
331 i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY ||
332 i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE ||
333 i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL;
336 static int fixup_input(ExecInput std_input, int socket_fd, bool apply_tty_stdin) {
338 if (is_terminal_input(std_input) && !apply_tty_stdin)
339 return EXEC_INPUT_NULL;
341 if (std_input == EXEC_INPUT_SOCKET && socket_fd < 0)
342 return EXEC_INPUT_NULL;
347 static int fixup_output(ExecOutput std_output, int socket_fd) {
349 if (std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET && socket_fd < 0)
350 return EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
355 static int setup_input(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, bool apply_tty_stdin) {
360 i = fixup_input(context->std_input, socket_fd, apply_tty_stdin);
364 case EXEC_INPUT_NULL:
365 return open_null_as(O_RDONLY, STDIN_FILENO);
368 case EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE:
369 case EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL: {
372 fd = acquire_terminal(tty_path(context),
373 i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL,
374 i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE,
380 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
381 r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDIN_FILENO;
389 case EXEC_INPUT_SOCKET:
390 return dup2(socket_fd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDIN_FILENO;
393 assert_not_reached("Unknown input type");
397 static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, int fileno, int socket_fd, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, bool apply_tty_stdin, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
405 i = fixup_input(context->std_input, socket_fd, apply_tty_stdin);
406 o = fixup_output(context->std_output, socket_fd);
408 if (fileno == STDERR_FILENO) {
410 e = fixup_output(context->std_error, socket_fd);
412 /* This expects the input and output are already set up */
414 /* Don't change the stderr file descriptor if we inherit all
415 * the way and are not on a tty */
416 if (e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
417 o == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
418 i == EXEC_INPUT_NULL &&
419 !is_terminal_input(context->std_input) &&
423 /* Duplicate from stdout if possible */
424 if (e == o || e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT)
425 return dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
429 } else if (o == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT) {
430 /* If input got downgraded, inherit the original value */
431 if (i == EXEC_INPUT_NULL && is_terminal_input(context->std_input))
432 return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, fileno);
434 /* If the input is connected to anything that's not a /dev/null, inherit that... */
435 if (i != EXEC_INPUT_NULL)
436 return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
438 /* If we are not started from PID 1 we just inherit STDOUT from our parent process. */
442 /* We need to open /dev/null here anew, to get the right access mode. */
443 return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
448 case EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL:
449 return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
451 case EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY:
452 if (is_terminal_input(i))
453 return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
455 /* We don't reset the terminal if this is just about output */
456 return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, fileno);
458 case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG:
459 case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE:
460 case EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG:
461 case EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE:
462 case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL:
463 case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE:
464 r = connect_logger_as(context, o, ident, unit_id, fileno, uid, gid);
466 log_unit_struct(unit_id,
468 LOG_MESSAGE("Failed to connect %s of %s to the journal socket: %s",
469 fileno == STDOUT_FILENO ? "stdout" : "stderr",
470 unit_id, strerror(-r)),
473 r = open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
477 case EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET:
478 assert(socket_fd >= 0);
479 return dup2(socket_fd, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
482 assert_not_reached("Unknown error type");
486 static int chown_terminal(int fd, uid_t uid) {
491 /* This might fail. What matters are the results. */
492 (void) fchown(fd, uid, -1);
493 (void) fchmod(fd, TTY_MODE);
495 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
498 if (st.st_uid != uid || (st.st_mode & 0777) != TTY_MODE)
504 static int setup_confirm_stdio(int *_saved_stdin,
505 int *_saved_stdout) {
506 int fd = -1, saved_stdin, saved_stdout = -1, r;
508 assert(_saved_stdin);
509 assert(_saved_stdout);
511 saved_stdin = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 3);
515 saved_stdout = fcntl(STDOUT_FILENO, F_DUPFD, 3);
516 if (saved_stdout < 0) {
521 fd = acquire_terminal(
526 DEFAULT_CONFIRM_USEC);
532 r = chown_terminal(fd, getuid());
536 if (dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0) {
541 if (dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0) {
549 *_saved_stdin = saved_stdin;
550 *_saved_stdout = saved_stdout;
555 safe_close(saved_stdout);
556 safe_close(saved_stdin);
562 _printf_(1, 2) static int write_confirm_message(const char *format, ...) {
563 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
568 fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
572 va_start(ap, format);
573 vdprintf(fd, format, ap);
579 static int restore_confirm_stdio(int *saved_stdin,
585 assert(saved_stdout);
589 if (*saved_stdin >= 0)
590 if (dup2(*saved_stdin, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
593 if (*saved_stdout >= 0)
594 if (dup2(*saved_stdout, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
597 safe_close(*saved_stdin);
598 safe_close(*saved_stdout);
603 static int ask_for_confirmation(char *response, char **argv) {
604 int saved_stdout = -1, saved_stdin = -1, r;
605 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
607 r = setup_confirm_stdio(&saved_stdin, &saved_stdout);
611 line = exec_command_line(argv);
615 r = ask_char(response, "yns", "Execute %s? [Yes, No, Skip] ", line);
617 restore_confirm_stdio(&saved_stdin, &saved_stdout);
622 static int enforce_groups(const ExecContext *context, const char *username, gid_t gid) {
623 bool keep_groups = false;
628 /* Lookup and set GID and supplementary group list. Here too
629 * we avoid NSS lookups for gid=0. */
631 if (context->group || username) {
633 if (context->group) {
634 const char *g = context->group;
636 if ((r = get_group_creds(&g, &gid)) < 0)
640 /* First step, initialize groups from /etc/groups */
641 if (username && gid != 0) {
642 if (initgroups(username, gid) < 0)
648 /* Second step, set our gids */
649 if (setresgid(gid, gid, gid) < 0)
653 if (context->supplementary_groups) {
658 /* Final step, initialize any manually set supplementary groups */
659 assert_se((ngroups_max = (int) sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX)) > 0);
661 if (!(gids = new(gid_t, ngroups_max)))
665 if ((k = getgroups(ngroups_max, gids)) < 0) {
672 STRV_FOREACH(i, context->supplementary_groups) {
675 if (k >= ngroups_max) {
681 r = get_group_creds(&g, gids+k);
690 if (setgroups(k, gids) < 0) {
701 static int enforce_user(const ExecContext *context, uid_t uid) {
704 /* Sets (but doesn't lookup) the uid and make sure we keep the
705 * capabilities while doing so. */
707 if (context->capabilities) {
708 _cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t d = NULL;
709 static const cap_value_t bits[] = {
710 CAP_SETUID, /* Necessary so that we can run setresuid() below */
711 CAP_SETPCAP /* Necessary so that we can set PR_SET_SECUREBITS later on */
714 /* First step: If we need to keep capabilities but
715 * drop privileges we need to make sure we keep our
716 * caps, while we drop privileges. */
718 int sb = context->secure_bits | 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS;
720 if (prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) != sb)
721 if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, sb) < 0)
725 /* Second step: set the capabilities. This will reduce
726 * the capabilities to the minimum we need. */
728 d = cap_dup(context->capabilities);
732 if (cap_set_flag(d, CAP_EFFECTIVE, ELEMENTSOF(bits), bits, CAP_SET) < 0 ||
733 cap_set_flag(d, CAP_PERMITTED, ELEMENTSOF(bits), bits, CAP_SET) < 0)
736 if (cap_set_proc(d) < 0)
740 /* Third step: actually set the uids */
741 if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
744 /* At this point we should have all necessary capabilities but
745 are otherwise a normal user. However, the caps might got
746 corrupted due to the setresuid() so we need clean them up
747 later. This is done outside of this call. */
754 static int null_conv(
756 const struct pam_message **msg,
757 struct pam_response **resp,
760 /* We don't support conversations */
765 static int setup_pam(
771 int fds[], unsigned n_fds) {
773 static const struct pam_conv conv = {
778 pam_handle_t *handle = NULL;
780 int pam_code = PAM_SUCCESS;
783 bool close_session = false;
784 pid_t pam_pid = 0, parent_pid;
791 /* We set up PAM in the parent process, then fork. The child
792 * will then stay around until killed via PR_GET_PDEATHSIG or
793 * systemd via the cgroup logic. It will then remove the PAM
794 * session again. The parent process will exec() the actual
795 * daemon. We do things this way to ensure that the main PID
796 * of the daemon is the one we initially fork()ed. */
798 if (log_get_max_level() < LOG_DEBUG)
801 pam_code = pam_start(name, user, &conv, &handle);
802 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS) {
808 pam_code = pam_set_item(handle, PAM_TTY, tty);
809 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
813 pam_code = pam_acct_mgmt(handle, flags);
814 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
817 pam_code = pam_open_session(handle, flags);
818 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
821 close_session = true;
823 e = pam_getenvlist(handle);
825 pam_code = PAM_BUF_ERR;
829 /* Block SIGTERM, so that we know that it won't get lost in
831 if (sigemptyset(&ss) < 0 ||
832 sigaddset(&ss, SIGTERM) < 0 ||
833 sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &ss, &old_ss) < 0)
836 parent_pid = getpid();
846 /* The child's job is to reset the PAM session on
849 /* This string must fit in 10 chars (i.e. the length
850 * of "/sbin/init"), to look pretty in /bin/ps */
851 rename_process("(sd-pam)");
853 /* Make sure we don't keep open the passed fds in this
854 child. We assume that otherwise only those fds are
855 open here that have been opened by PAM. */
856 close_many(fds, n_fds);
858 /* Drop privileges - we don't need any to pam_close_session
859 * and this will make PR_SET_PDEATHSIG work in most cases.
860 * If this fails, ignore the error - but expect sd-pam threads
861 * to fail to exit normally */
862 if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
863 log_error_errno(r, "Error: Failed to setresuid() in sd-pam: %m");
865 /* Wait until our parent died. This will only work if
866 * the above setresuid() succeeds, otherwise the kernel
867 * will not allow unprivileged parents kill their privileged
868 * children this way. We rely on the control groups kill logic
869 * to do the rest for us. */
870 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
873 /* Check if our parent process might already have
875 if (getppid() == parent_pid) {
877 if (sigwait(&ss, &sig) < 0) {
884 assert(sig == SIGTERM);
889 /* If our parent died we'll end the session */
890 if (getppid() != parent_pid) {
891 pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, flags);
892 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
899 pam_end(handle, pam_code | flags);
903 /* If the child was forked off successfully it will do all the
904 * cleanups, so forget about the handle here. */
907 /* Unblock SIGTERM again in the parent */
908 if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &old_ss, NULL) < 0)
911 /* We close the log explicitly here, since the PAM modules
912 * might have opened it, but we don't want this fd around. */
921 if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS) {
922 log_error("PAM failed: %s", pam_strerror(handle, pam_code));
923 err = -EPERM; /* PAM errors do not map to errno */
925 log_error_errno(errno, "PAM failed: %m");
931 pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, flags);
933 pam_end(handle, pam_code | flags);
941 kill(pam_pid, SIGTERM);
942 kill(pam_pid, SIGCONT);
949 static void rename_process_from_path(const char *path) {
950 char process_name[11];
954 /* This resulting string must fit in 10 chars (i.e. the length
955 * of "/sbin/init") to look pretty in /bin/ps */
959 rename_process("(...)");
965 /* The end of the process name is usually more
966 * interesting, since the first bit might just be
972 process_name[0] = '(';
973 memcpy(process_name+1, p, l);
974 process_name[1+l] = ')';
975 process_name[1+l+1] = 0;
977 rename_process(process_name);
982 static int apply_seccomp(const ExecContext *c) {
983 uint32_t negative_action, action;
984 scmp_filter_ctx *seccomp;
991 negative_action = c->syscall_errno == 0 ? SCMP_ACT_KILL : SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(c->syscall_errno);
993 seccomp = seccomp_init(c->syscall_whitelist ? negative_action : SCMP_ACT_ALLOW);
997 if (c->syscall_archs) {
999 SET_FOREACH(id, c->syscall_archs, i) {
1000 r = seccomp_arch_add(seccomp, PTR_TO_UINT32(id) - 1);
1008 r = seccomp_add_secondary_archs(seccomp);
1013 action = c->syscall_whitelist ? SCMP_ACT_ALLOW : negative_action;
1014 SET_FOREACH(id, c->syscall_filter, i) {
1015 r = seccomp_rule_add(seccomp, action, PTR_TO_INT(id) - 1, 0);
1020 r = seccomp_attr_set(seccomp, SCMP_FLTATR_CTL_NNP, 0);
1024 r = seccomp_load(seccomp);
1027 seccomp_release(seccomp);
1031 static int apply_address_families(const ExecContext *c) {
1032 scmp_filter_ctx *seccomp;
1038 seccomp = seccomp_init(SCMP_ACT_ALLOW);
1042 r = seccomp_add_secondary_archs(seccomp);
1046 if (c->address_families_whitelist) {
1047 int af, first = 0, last = 0;
1050 /* If this is a whitelist, we first block the address
1051 * families that are out of range and then everything
1052 * that is not in the set. First, we find the lowest
1053 * and highest address family in the set. */
1055 SET_FOREACH(afp, c->address_families, i) {
1056 af = PTR_TO_INT(afp);
1058 if (af <= 0 || af >= af_max())
1061 if (first == 0 || af < first)
1064 if (last == 0 || af > last)
1068 assert((first == 0) == (last == 0));
1072 /* No entries in the valid range, block everything */
1073 r = seccomp_rule_add(
1075 SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPROTONOSUPPORT),
1083 /* Block everything below the first entry */
1084 r = seccomp_rule_add(
1086 SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPROTONOSUPPORT),
1089 SCMP_A0(SCMP_CMP_LT, first));
1093 /* Block everything above the last entry */
1094 r = seccomp_rule_add(
1096 SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPROTONOSUPPORT),
1099 SCMP_A0(SCMP_CMP_GT, last));
1103 /* Block everything between the first and last
1105 for (af = 1; af < af_max(); af++) {
1107 if (set_contains(c->address_families, INT_TO_PTR(af)))
1110 r = seccomp_rule_add(
1112 SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPROTONOSUPPORT),
1115 SCMP_A0(SCMP_CMP_EQ, af));
1124 /* If this is a blacklist, then generate one rule for
1125 * each address family that are then combined in OR
1128 SET_FOREACH(af, c->address_families, i) {
1130 r = seccomp_rule_add(
1132 SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(EPROTONOSUPPORT),
1135 SCMP_A0(SCMP_CMP_EQ, PTR_TO_INT(af)));
1141 r = seccomp_attr_set(seccomp, SCMP_FLTATR_CTL_NNP, 0);
1145 r = seccomp_load(seccomp);
1148 seccomp_release(seccomp);
1154 static void do_idle_pipe_dance(int idle_pipe[4]) {
1158 safe_close(idle_pipe[1]);
1159 safe_close(idle_pipe[2]);
1161 if (idle_pipe[0] >= 0) {
1164 r = fd_wait_for_event(idle_pipe[0], POLLHUP, IDLE_TIMEOUT_USEC);
1166 if (idle_pipe[3] >= 0 && r == 0 /* timeout */) {
1167 /* Signal systemd that we are bored and want to continue. */
1168 write(idle_pipe[3], "x", 1);
1170 /* Wait for systemd to react to the signal above. */
1171 fd_wait_for_event(idle_pipe[0], POLLHUP, IDLE_TIMEOUT2_USEC);
1174 safe_close(idle_pipe[0]);
1178 safe_close(idle_pipe[3]);
1181 static int build_environment(
1182 const ExecContext *c,
1184 usec_t watchdog_usec,
1186 const char *username,
1190 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **our_env = NULL;
1197 our_env = new0(char*, 10);
1202 if (asprintf(&x, "LISTEN_PID="PID_FMT, getpid()) < 0)
1204 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1206 if (asprintf(&x, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", n_fds) < 0)
1208 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1211 if (watchdog_usec > 0) {
1212 if (asprintf(&x, "WATCHDOG_PID="PID_FMT, getpid()) < 0)
1214 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1216 if (asprintf(&x, "WATCHDOG_USEC="USEC_FMT, watchdog_usec) < 0)
1218 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1222 x = strappend("HOME=", home);
1225 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1229 x = strappend("LOGNAME=", username);
1232 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1234 x = strappend("USER=", username);
1237 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1241 x = strappend("SHELL=", shell);
1244 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1247 if (is_terminal_input(c->std_input) ||
1248 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
1249 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
1252 x = strdup(default_term_for_tty(tty_path(c)));
1255 our_env[n_env++] = x;
1258 our_env[n_env++] = NULL;
1259 assert(n_env <= 10);
1267 static int exec_child(
1268 ExecCommand *command,
1269 const ExecContext *context,
1270 const ExecParameters *params,
1271 ExecRuntime *runtime,
1274 int *fds, unsigned n_fds,
1278 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **our_env = NULL, **pam_env = NULL, **final_env = NULL, **final_argv = NULL;
1279 _cleanup_free_ char *mac_selinux_context_net = NULL;
1280 const char *username = NULL, *home = NULL, *shell = NULL;
1281 unsigned n_dont_close = 0;
1282 int dont_close[n_fds + 4];
1283 uid_t uid = UID_INVALID;
1284 gid_t gid = GID_INVALID;
1290 assert(exit_status);
1292 rename_process_from_path(command->path);
1294 /* We reset exactly these signals, since they are the
1295 * only ones we set to SIG_IGN in the main daemon. All
1296 * others we leave untouched because we set them to
1297 * SIG_DFL or a valid handler initially, both of which
1298 * will be demoted to SIG_DFL. */
1299 default_signals(SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER,
1300 SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1302 if (context->ignore_sigpipe)
1303 ignore_signals(SIGPIPE, -1);
1305 r = reset_signal_mask();
1307 *exit_status = EXIT_SIGNAL_MASK;
1311 if (params->idle_pipe)
1312 do_idle_pipe_dance(params->idle_pipe);
1314 /* Close sockets very early to make sure we don't
1315 * block init reexecution because it cannot bind its
1321 dont_close[n_dont_close++] = socket_fd;
1323 memcpy(dont_close + n_dont_close, fds, sizeof(int) * n_fds);
1324 n_dont_close += n_fds;
1326 if (params->bus_endpoint_fd >= 0)
1327 dont_close[n_dont_close++] = params->bus_endpoint_fd;
1329 if (runtime->netns_storage_socket[0] >= 0)
1330 dont_close[n_dont_close++] = runtime->netns_storage_socket[0];
1331 if (runtime->netns_storage_socket[1] >= 0)
1332 dont_close[n_dont_close++] = runtime->netns_storage_socket[1];
1335 r = close_all_fds(dont_close, n_dont_close);
1337 *exit_status = EXIT_FDS;
1341 if (!context->same_pgrp)
1343 *exit_status = EXIT_SETSID;
1347 exec_context_tty_reset(context);
1349 if (params->confirm_spawn) {
1352 r = ask_for_confirmation(&response, argv);
1353 if (r == -ETIMEDOUT)
1354 write_confirm_message("Confirmation question timed out, assuming positive response.\n");
1356 write_confirm_message("Couldn't ask confirmation question, assuming positive response: %s\n", strerror(-r));
1357 else if (response == 's') {
1358 write_confirm_message("Skipping execution.\n");
1359 *exit_status = EXIT_CONFIRM;
1361 } else if (response == 'n') {
1362 write_confirm_message("Failing execution.\n");
1368 if (context->user) {
1369 username = context->user;
1370 r = get_user_creds(&username, &uid, &gid, &home, &shell);
1372 *exit_status = EXIT_USER;
1377 /* If a socket is connected to STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR, we
1378 * must sure to drop O_NONBLOCK */
1380 fd_nonblock(socket_fd, false);
1382 r = setup_input(context, socket_fd, params->apply_tty_stdin);
1384 *exit_status = EXIT_STDIN;
1388 r = setup_output(context, STDOUT_FILENO, socket_fd, basename(command->path), params->unit_id, params->apply_tty_stdin, uid, gid);
1390 *exit_status = EXIT_STDOUT;
1394 r = setup_output(context, STDERR_FILENO, socket_fd, basename(command->path), params->unit_id, params->apply_tty_stdin, uid, gid);
1396 *exit_status = EXIT_STDERR;
1400 if (params->cgroup_path) {
1401 r = cg_attach_everywhere(params->cgroup_supported, params->cgroup_path, 0, NULL, NULL);
1403 *exit_status = EXIT_CGROUP;
1408 if (context->oom_score_adjust_set) {
1409 char t[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(context->oom_score_adjust)];
1411 /* When we can't make this change due to EPERM, then
1412 * let's silently skip over it. User namespaces
1413 * prohibit write access to this file, and we
1414 * shouldn't trip up over that. */
1416 sprintf(t, "%i", context->oom_score_adjust);
1417 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/oom_score_adj", t);
1418 if (r == -EPERM || r == -EACCES) {
1420 log_unit_debug_errno(params->unit_id, r, "Failed to adjust OOM setting, assuming containerized execution, ignoring: %m");
1423 *exit_status = EXIT_OOM_ADJUST;
1428 if (context->nice_set)
1429 if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, context->nice) < 0) {
1430 *exit_status = EXIT_NICE;
1434 if (context->cpu_sched_set) {
1435 struct sched_param param = {
1436 .sched_priority = context->cpu_sched_priority,
1439 r = sched_setscheduler(0,
1440 context->cpu_sched_policy |
1441 (context->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork ?
1442 SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK : 0),
1445 *exit_status = EXIT_SETSCHEDULER;
1450 if (context->cpuset)
1451 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(context->cpuset_ncpus), context->cpuset) < 0) {
1452 *exit_status = EXIT_CPUAFFINITY;
1456 if (context->ioprio_set)
1457 if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, context->ioprio) < 0) {
1458 *exit_status = EXIT_IOPRIO;
1462 if (context->timer_slack_nsec != NSEC_INFINITY)
1463 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, context->timer_slack_nsec) < 0) {
1464 *exit_status = EXIT_TIMERSLACK;
1468 if (context->personality != 0xffffffffUL)
1469 if (personality(context->personality) < 0) {
1470 *exit_status = EXIT_PERSONALITY;
1474 if (context->utmp_id)
1475 utmp_put_init_process(context->utmp_id, getpid(), getsid(0), context->tty_path);
1477 if (context->user && is_terminal_input(context->std_input)) {
1478 r = chown_terminal(STDIN_FILENO, uid);
1480 *exit_status = EXIT_STDIN;
1486 if (params->bus_endpoint_fd >= 0 && context->bus_endpoint) {
1487 uid_t ep_uid = (uid == UID_INVALID) ? 0 : uid;
1489 r = bus_kernel_set_endpoint_policy(params->bus_endpoint_fd, ep_uid, context->bus_endpoint);
1491 *exit_status = EXIT_BUS_ENDPOINT;
1497 /* If delegation is enabled we'll pass ownership of the cgroup
1498 * (but only in systemd's own controller hierarchy!) to the
1499 * user of the new process. */
1500 if (params->cgroup_path && context->user && params->cgroup_delegate) {
1501 r = cg_set_task_access(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, params->cgroup_path, 0644, uid, gid);
1503 *exit_status = EXIT_CGROUP;
1508 r = cg_set_group_access(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, params->cgroup_path, 0755, uid, gid);
1510 *exit_status = EXIT_CGROUP;
1515 if (!strv_isempty(context->runtime_directory) && params->runtime_prefix) {
1518 STRV_FOREACH(rt, context->runtime_directory) {
1519 _cleanup_free_ char *p;
1521 p = strjoin(params->runtime_prefix, "/", *rt, NULL);
1523 *exit_status = EXIT_RUNTIME_DIRECTORY;
1527 r = mkdir_safe(p, context->runtime_directory_mode, uid, gid);
1529 *exit_status = EXIT_RUNTIME_DIRECTORY;
1535 if (params->apply_permissions) {
1536 r = enforce_groups(context, username, gid);
1538 *exit_status = EXIT_GROUP;
1543 umask(context->umask);
1546 if (params->apply_permissions && context->pam_name && username) {
1547 r = setup_pam(context->pam_name, username, uid, context->tty_path, &pam_env, fds, n_fds);
1549 *exit_status = EXIT_PAM;
1555 if (context->private_network && runtime && runtime->netns_storage_socket[0] >= 0) {
1556 r = setup_netns(runtime->netns_storage_socket);
1558 *exit_status = EXIT_NETWORK;
1563 if (!strv_isempty(context->read_write_dirs) ||
1564 !strv_isempty(context->read_only_dirs) ||
1565 !strv_isempty(context->inaccessible_dirs) ||
1566 context->mount_flags != 0 ||
1567 (context->private_tmp && runtime && (runtime->tmp_dir || runtime->var_tmp_dir)) ||
1568 params->bus_endpoint_path ||
1569 context->private_devices ||
1570 context->protect_system != PROTECT_SYSTEM_NO ||
1571 context->protect_home != PROTECT_HOME_NO) {
1573 char *tmp = NULL, *var = NULL;
1575 /* The runtime struct only contains the parent
1576 * of the private /tmp, which is
1577 * non-accessible to world users. Inside of it
1578 * there's a /tmp that is sticky, and that's
1579 * the one we want to use here. */
1581 if (context->private_tmp && runtime) {
1582 if (runtime->tmp_dir)
1583 tmp = strjoina(runtime->tmp_dir, "/tmp");
1584 if (runtime->var_tmp_dir)
1585 var = strjoina(runtime->var_tmp_dir, "/tmp");
1588 r = setup_namespace(
1589 context->read_write_dirs,
1590 context->read_only_dirs,
1591 context->inaccessible_dirs,
1594 params->bus_endpoint_path,
1595 context->private_devices,
1596 context->protect_home,
1597 context->protect_system,
1598 context->mount_flags);
1600 /* If we couldn't set up the namespace this is
1601 * probably due to a missing capability. In this case,
1602 * silently proceeed. */
1603 if (r == -EPERM || r == -EACCES) {
1605 log_unit_debug_errno(params->unit_id, r, "Failed to set up namespace, assuming containerized execution, ignoring: %m");
1608 *exit_status = EXIT_NAMESPACE;
1613 if (params->apply_chroot) {
1614 if (context->root_directory)
1615 if (chroot(context->root_directory) < 0) {
1616 *exit_status = EXIT_CHROOT;
1620 if (chdir(context->working_directory ? context->working_directory : "/") < 0) {
1621 *exit_status = EXIT_CHDIR;
1625 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
1627 if (asprintf(&d, "%s/%s",
1628 context->root_directory ? context->root_directory : "",
1629 context->working_directory ? context->working_directory : "") < 0) {
1630 *exit_status = EXIT_MEMORY;
1635 *exit_status = EXIT_CHDIR;
1641 if (params->apply_permissions && mac_selinux_use() && params->selinux_context_net && socket_fd >= 0) {
1642 r = mac_selinux_get_child_mls_label(socket_fd, command->path, context->selinux_context, &mac_selinux_context_net);
1644 *exit_status = EXIT_SELINUX_CONTEXT;
1650 /* We repeat the fd closing here, to make sure that
1651 * nothing is leaked from the PAM modules. Note that
1652 * we are more aggressive this time since socket_fd
1653 * and the netns fds we don't need anymore. The custom
1654 * endpoint fd was needed to upload the policy and can
1655 * now be closed as well. */
1656 r = close_all_fds(fds, n_fds);
1658 r = shift_fds(fds, n_fds);
1660 r = flags_fds(fds, n_fds, context->non_blocking);
1662 *exit_status = EXIT_FDS;
1666 if (params->apply_permissions) {
1668 for (i = 0; i < _RLIMIT_MAX; i++) {
1669 if (!context->rlimit[i])
1672 if (setrlimit_closest(i, context->rlimit[i]) < 0) {
1673 *exit_status = EXIT_LIMITS;
1678 if (context->capability_bounding_set_drop) {
1679 r = capability_bounding_set_drop(context->capability_bounding_set_drop, false);
1681 *exit_status = EXIT_CAPABILITIES;
1687 if (context->smack_process_label) {
1688 r = mac_smack_apply_pid(0, context->smack_process_label);
1690 *exit_status = EXIT_SMACK_PROCESS_LABEL;
1696 if (context->user) {
1697 r = enforce_user(context, uid);
1699 *exit_status = EXIT_USER;
1704 /* PR_GET_SECUREBITS is not privileged, while
1705 * PR_SET_SECUREBITS is. So to suppress
1706 * potential EPERMs we'll try not to call
1707 * PR_SET_SECUREBITS unless necessary. */
1708 if (prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) != context->secure_bits)
1709 if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, context->secure_bits) < 0) {
1710 *exit_status = EXIT_SECUREBITS;
1714 if (context->capabilities)
1715 if (cap_set_proc(context->capabilities) < 0) {
1716 *exit_status = EXIT_CAPABILITIES;
1720 if (context->no_new_privileges)
1721 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
1722 *exit_status = EXIT_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1727 if (context->address_families_whitelist ||
1728 !set_isempty(context->address_families)) {
1729 r = apply_address_families(context);
1731 *exit_status = EXIT_ADDRESS_FAMILIES;
1736 if (context->syscall_whitelist ||
1737 !set_isempty(context->syscall_filter) ||
1738 !set_isempty(context->syscall_archs)) {
1739 r = apply_seccomp(context);
1741 *exit_status = EXIT_SECCOMP;
1748 if (mac_selinux_use()) {
1749 char *exec_context = mac_selinux_context_net ?: context->selinux_context;
1752 r = setexeccon(exec_context);
1754 *exit_status = EXIT_SELINUX_CONTEXT;
1761 #ifdef HAVE_APPARMOR
1762 if (context->apparmor_profile && mac_apparmor_use()) {
1763 r = aa_change_onexec(context->apparmor_profile);
1764 if (r < 0 && !context->apparmor_profile_ignore) {
1765 *exit_status = EXIT_APPARMOR_PROFILE;
1772 r = build_environment(context, n_fds, params->watchdog_usec, home, username, shell, &our_env);
1774 *exit_status = EXIT_MEMORY;
1778 final_env = strv_env_merge(5,
1779 params->environment,
1781 context->environment,
1786 *exit_status = EXIT_MEMORY;
1790 final_argv = replace_env_argv(argv, final_env);
1792 *exit_status = EXIT_MEMORY;
1796 final_env = strv_env_clean(final_env);
1798 if (_unlikely_(log_get_max_level() >= LOG_DEBUG)) {
1799 _cleanup_free_ char *line;
1801 line = exec_command_line(final_argv);
1804 log_unit_struct(params->unit_id,
1806 "EXECUTABLE=%s", command->path,
1807 LOG_MESSAGE("Executing: %s", line),
1812 execve(command->path, final_argv, final_env);
1813 *exit_status = EXIT_EXEC;
1817 int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
1818 const ExecContext *context,
1819 const ExecParameters *params,
1820 ExecRuntime *runtime,
1823 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **files_env = NULL;
1824 int *fds = NULL; unsigned n_fds = 0;
1825 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
1834 assert(params->fds || params->n_fds <= 0);
1836 if (context->std_input == EXEC_INPUT_SOCKET ||
1837 context->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET ||
1838 context->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET) {
1840 if (params->n_fds != 1) {
1841 log_unit_error(params->unit_id, "Got more than one socket.");
1845 socket_fd = params->fds[0];
1849 n_fds = params->n_fds;
1852 r = exec_context_load_environment(context, params->unit_id, &files_env);
1854 return log_unit_error_errno(params->unit_id, r, "Failed to load environment files: %m");
1856 argv = params->argv ?: command->argv;
1857 line = exec_command_line(argv);
1861 log_unit_struct(params->unit_id,
1863 "EXECUTABLE=%s", command->path,
1864 LOG_MESSAGE("About to execute: %s", line),
1868 return log_unit_error_errno(params->unit_id, r, "Failed to fork: %m");
1873 r = exec_child(command,
1884 log_unit_struct(params->unit_id,
1886 LOG_MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_SPAWN_FAILED),
1887 "EXECUTABLE=%s", command->path,
1888 LOG_MESSAGE("Failed at step %s spawning %s: %s",
1889 exit_status_to_string(exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD),
1890 command->path, strerror(-r)),
1898 log_unit_debug(params->unit_id, "Forked %s as "PID_FMT, command->path, pid);
1900 /* We add the new process to the cgroup both in the child (so
1901 * that we can be sure that no user code is ever executed
1902 * outside of the cgroup) and in the parent (so that we can be
1903 * sure that when we kill the cgroup the process will be
1905 if (params->cgroup_path)
1906 cg_attach(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, params->cgroup_path, pid);
1908 exec_status_start(&command->exec_status, pid);
1914 void exec_context_init(ExecContext *c) {
1918 c->ioprio = IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, 0);
1919 c->cpu_sched_policy = SCHED_OTHER;
1920 c->syslog_priority = LOG_DAEMON|LOG_INFO;
1921 c->syslog_level_prefix = true;
1922 c->ignore_sigpipe = true;
1923 c->timer_slack_nsec = NSEC_INFINITY;
1924 c->personality = 0xffffffffUL;
1925 c->runtime_directory_mode = 0755;
1928 void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c) {
1933 strv_free(c->environment);
1934 c->environment = NULL;
1936 strv_free(c->environment_files);
1937 c->environment_files = NULL;
1939 for (l = 0; l < ELEMENTSOF(c->rlimit); l++) {
1941 c->rlimit[l] = NULL;
1944 free(c->working_directory);
1945 c->working_directory = NULL;
1946 free(c->root_directory);
1947 c->root_directory = NULL;
1952 free(c->syslog_identifier);
1953 c->syslog_identifier = NULL;
1961 strv_free(c->supplementary_groups);
1962 c->supplementary_groups = NULL;
1967 if (c->capabilities) {
1968 cap_free(c->capabilities);
1969 c->capabilities = NULL;
1972 strv_free(c->read_only_dirs);
1973 c->read_only_dirs = NULL;
1975 strv_free(c->read_write_dirs);
1976 c->read_write_dirs = NULL;
1978 strv_free(c->inaccessible_dirs);
1979 c->inaccessible_dirs = NULL;
1982 CPU_FREE(c->cpuset);
1987 free(c->selinux_context);
1988 c->selinux_context = NULL;
1990 free(c->apparmor_profile);
1991 c->apparmor_profile = NULL;
1993 set_free(c->syscall_filter);
1994 c->syscall_filter = NULL;
1996 set_free(c->syscall_archs);
1997 c->syscall_archs = NULL;
1999 set_free(c->address_families);
2000 c->address_families = NULL;
2002 strv_free(c->runtime_directory);
2003 c->runtime_directory = NULL;
2005 bus_endpoint_free(c->bus_endpoint);
2006 c->bus_endpoint = NULL;
2009 int exec_context_destroy_runtime_directory(ExecContext *c, const char *runtime_prefix) {
2014 if (!runtime_prefix)
2017 STRV_FOREACH(i, c->runtime_directory) {
2018 _cleanup_free_ char *p;
2020 p = strjoin(runtime_prefix, "/", *i, NULL);
2024 /* We execute this synchronously, since we need to be
2025 * sure this is gone when we start the service
2027 rm_rf(p, false, true, false);
2033 void exec_command_done(ExecCommand *c) {
2043 void exec_command_done_array(ExecCommand *c, unsigned n) {
2046 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
2047 exec_command_done(c+i);
2050 ExecCommand* exec_command_free_list(ExecCommand *c) {
2054 LIST_REMOVE(command, c, i);
2055 exec_command_done(i);
2062 void exec_command_free_array(ExecCommand **c, unsigned n) {
2065 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
2066 c[i] = exec_command_free_list(c[i]);
2069 typedef struct InvalidEnvInfo {
2070 const char *unit_id;
2074 static void invalid_env(const char *p, void *userdata) {
2075 InvalidEnvInfo *info = userdata;
2077 log_unit_error(info->unit_id, "Ignoring invalid environment assignment '%s': %s", p, info->path);
2080 int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, const char *unit_id, char ***l) {
2081 char **i, **r = NULL;
2086 STRV_FOREACH(i, c->environment_files) {
2089 bool ignore = false;
2091 _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t pglob = {};
2101 if (!path_is_absolute(fn)) {
2109 /* Filename supports globbing, take all matching files */
2111 if (glob(fn, 0, NULL, &pglob) != 0) {
2116 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
2118 count = pglob.gl_pathc;
2126 for (n = 0; n < count; n++) {
2127 k = load_env_file(NULL, pglob.gl_pathv[n], NULL, &p);
2135 /* Log invalid environment variables with filename */
2137 InvalidEnvInfo info = {
2139 .path = pglob.gl_pathv[n]
2142 p = strv_env_clean_with_callback(p, invalid_env, &info);
2150 m = strv_env_merge(2, r, p);
2166 static bool tty_may_match_dev_console(const char *tty) {
2167 _cleanup_free_ char *active = NULL;
2170 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
2173 /* trivial identity? */
2174 if (streq(tty, "console"))
2177 console = resolve_dev_console(&active);
2178 /* if we could not resolve, assume it may */
2182 /* "tty0" means the active VC, so it may be the same sometimes */
2183 return streq(console, tty) || (streq(console, "tty0") && tty_is_vc(tty));
2186 bool exec_context_may_touch_console(ExecContext *ec) {
2187 return (ec->tty_reset || ec->tty_vhangup || ec->tty_vt_disallocate ||
2188 is_terminal_input(ec->std_input) ||
2189 is_terminal_output(ec->std_output) ||
2190 is_terminal_output(ec->std_error)) &&
2191 tty_may_match_dev_console(tty_path(ec));
2194 static void strv_fprintf(FILE *f, char **l) {
2200 fprintf(f, " %s", *g);
2203 void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
2210 prefix = strempty(prefix);
2214 "%sWorkingDirectory: %s\n"
2215 "%sRootDirectory: %s\n"
2216 "%sNonBlocking: %s\n"
2217 "%sPrivateTmp: %s\n"
2218 "%sPrivateNetwork: %s\n"
2219 "%sPrivateDevices: %s\n"
2220 "%sProtectHome: %s\n"
2221 "%sProtectSystem: %s\n"
2222 "%sIgnoreSIGPIPE: %s\n",
2224 prefix, c->working_directory ? c->working_directory : "/",
2225 prefix, c->root_directory ? c->root_directory : "/",
2226 prefix, yes_no(c->non_blocking),
2227 prefix, yes_no(c->private_tmp),
2228 prefix, yes_no(c->private_network),
2229 prefix, yes_no(c->private_devices),
2230 prefix, protect_home_to_string(c->protect_home),
2231 prefix, protect_system_to_string(c->protect_system),
2232 prefix, yes_no(c->ignore_sigpipe));
2234 STRV_FOREACH(e, c->environment)
2235 fprintf(f, "%sEnvironment: %s\n", prefix, *e);
2237 STRV_FOREACH(e, c->environment_files)
2238 fprintf(f, "%sEnvironmentFile: %s\n", prefix, *e);
2245 if (c->oom_score_adjust_set)
2247 "%sOOMScoreAdjust: %i\n",
2248 prefix, c->oom_score_adjust);
2250 for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++)
2252 fprintf(f, "%s%s: "RLIM_FMT"\n",
2253 prefix, rlimit_to_string(i), c->rlimit[i]->rlim_max);
2255 if (c->ioprio_set) {
2256 _cleanup_free_ char *class_str = NULL;
2258 ioprio_class_to_string_alloc(IOPRIO_PRIO_CLASS(c->ioprio), &class_str);
2260 "%sIOSchedulingClass: %s\n"
2261 "%sIOPriority: %i\n",
2262 prefix, strna(class_str),
2263 prefix, (int) IOPRIO_PRIO_DATA(c->ioprio));
2266 if (c->cpu_sched_set) {
2267 _cleanup_free_ char *policy_str = NULL;
2269 sched_policy_to_string_alloc(c->cpu_sched_policy, &policy_str);
2271 "%sCPUSchedulingPolicy: %s\n"
2272 "%sCPUSchedulingPriority: %i\n"
2273 "%sCPUSchedulingResetOnFork: %s\n",
2274 prefix, strna(policy_str),
2275 prefix, c->cpu_sched_priority,
2276 prefix, yes_no(c->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork));
2280 fprintf(f, "%sCPUAffinity:", prefix);
2281 for (i = 0; i < c->cpuset_ncpus; i++)
2282 if (CPU_ISSET_S(i, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(c->cpuset_ncpus), c->cpuset))
2283 fprintf(f, " %u", i);
2287 if (c->timer_slack_nsec != NSEC_INFINITY)
2288 fprintf(f, "%sTimerSlackNSec: "NSEC_FMT "\n", prefix, c->timer_slack_nsec);
2291 "%sStandardInput: %s\n"
2292 "%sStandardOutput: %s\n"
2293 "%sStandardError: %s\n",
2294 prefix, exec_input_to_string(c->std_input),
2295 prefix, exec_output_to_string(c->std_output),
2296 prefix, exec_output_to_string(c->std_error));
2302 "%sTTYVHangup: %s\n"
2303 "%sTTYVTDisallocate: %s\n",
2304 prefix, c->tty_path,
2305 prefix, yes_no(c->tty_reset),
2306 prefix, yes_no(c->tty_vhangup),
2307 prefix, yes_no(c->tty_vt_disallocate));
2309 if (c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG ||
2310 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG ||
2311 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL ||
2312 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE ||
2313 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE ||
2314 c->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE ||
2315 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG ||
2316 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG ||
2317 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL ||
2318 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE ||
2319 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE ||
2320 c->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE) {
2322 _cleanup_free_ char *fac_str = NULL, *lvl_str = NULL;
2324 log_facility_unshifted_to_string_alloc(c->syslog_priority >> 3, &fac_str);
2325 log_level_to_string_alloc(LOG_PRI(c->syslog_priority), &lvl_str);
2328 "%sSyslogFacility: %s\n"
2329 "%sSyslogLevel: %s\n",
2330 prefix, strna(fac_str),
2331 prefix, strna(lvl_str));
2334 if (c->capabilities) {
2335 _cleanup_cap_free_charp_ char *t;
2337 t = cap_to_text(c->capabilities, NULL);
2339 fprintf(f, "%sCapabilities: %s\n", prefix, t);
2343 fprintf(f, "%sSecure Bits:%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
2345 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS) ? " keep-caps" : "",
2346 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED) ? " keep-caps-locked" : "",
2347 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP) ? " no-setuid-fixup" : "",
2348 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED) ? " no-setuid-fixup-locked" : "",
2349 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NOROOT) ? " noroot" : "",
2350 (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED) ? "noroot-locked" : "");
2352 if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop) {
2354 fprintf(f, "%sCapabilityBoundingSet:", prefix);
2356 for (l = 0; l <= cap_last_cap(); l++)
2357 if (!(c->capability_bounding_set_drop & ((uint64_t) 1ULL << (uint64_t) l)))
2358 fprintf(f, " %s", strna(capability_to_name(l)));
2364 fprintf(f, "%sUser: %s\n", prefix, c->user);
2366 fprintf(f, "%sGroup: %s\n", prefix, c->group);
2368 if (strv_length(c->supplementary_groups) > 0) {
2369 fprintf(f, "%sSupplementaryGroups:", prefix);
2370 strv_fprintf(f, c->supplementary_groups);
2375 fprintf(f, "%sPAMName: %s\n", prefix, c->pam_name);
2377 if (strv_length(c->read_write_dirs) > 0) {
2378 fprintf(f, "%sReadWriteDirs:", prefix);
2379 strv_fprintf(f, c->read_write_dirs);
2383 if (strv_length(c->read_only_dirs) > 0) {
2384 fprintf(f, "%sReadOnlyDirs:", prefix);
2385 strv_fprintf(f, c->read_only_dirs);
2389 if (strv_length(c->inaccessible_dirs) > 0) {
2390 fprintf(f, "%sInaccessibleDirs:", prefix);
2391 strv_fprintf(f, c->inaccessible_dirs);
2397 "%sUtmpIdentifier: %s\n",
2398 prefix, c->utmp_id);
2400 if (c->selinux_context)
2402 "%sSELinuxContext: %s%s\n",
2403 prefix, c->selinux_context_ignore ? "-" : "", c->selinux_context);
2405 if (c->personality != 0xffffffffUL)
2407 "%sPersonality: %s\n",
2408 prefix, strna(personality_to_string(c->personality)));
2410 if (c->syscall_filter) {
2418 "%sSystemCallFilter: ",
2421 if (!c->syscall_whitelist)
2425 SET_FOREACH(id, c->syscall_filter, j) {
2426 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
2433 name = seccomp_syscall_resolve_num_arch(SCMP_ARCH_NATIVE, PTR_TO_INT(id) - 1);
2434 fputs(strna(name), f);
2441 if (c->syscall_archs) {
2448 "%sSystemCallArchitectures:",
2452 SET_FOREACH(id, c->syscall_archs, j)
2453 fprintf(f, " %s", strna(seccomp_arch_to_string(PTR_TO_UINT32(id) - 1)));
2458 if (c->syscall_errno != 0)
2460 "%sSystemCallErrorNumber: %s\n",
2461 prefix, strna(errno_to_name(c->syscall_errno)));
2463 if (c->apparmor_profile)
2465 "%sAppArmorProfile: %s%s\n",
2466 prefix, c->apparmor_profile_ignore ? "-" : "", c->apparmor_profile);
2469 bool exec_context_maintains_privileges(ExecContext *c) {
2472 /* Returns true if the process forked off would run run under
2473 * an unchanged UID or as root. */
2478 if (streq(c->user, "root") || streq(c->user, "0"))
2484 void exec_status_start(ExecStatus *s, pid_t pid) {
2489 dual_timestamp_get(&s->start_timestamp);
2492 void exec_status_exit(ExecStatus *s, ExecContext *context, pid_t pid, int code, int status) {
2495 if (s->pid && s->pid != pid)
2499 dual_timestamp_get(&s->exit_timestamp);
2505 if (context->utmp_id)
2506 utmp_put_dead_process(context->utmp_id, pid, code, status);
2508 exec_context_tty_reset(context);
2512 void exec_status_dump(ExecStatus *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
2513 char buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2521 prefix = strempty(prefix);
2524 "%sPID: "PID_FMT"\n",
2527 if (s->start_timestamp.realtime > 0)
2529 "%sStart Timestamp: %s\n",
2530 prefix, format_timestamp(buf, sizeof(buf), s->start_timestamp.realtime));
2532 if (s->exit_timestamp.realtime > 0)
2534 "%sExit Timestamp: %s\n"
2536 "%sExit Status: %i\n",
2537 prefix, format_timestamp(buf, sizeof(buf), s->exit_timestamp.realtime),
2538 prefix, sigchld_code_to_string(s->code),
2542 char *exec_command_line(char **argv) {
2550 STRV_FOREACH(a, argv)
2553 if (!(n = new(char, k)))
2557 STRV_FOREACH(a, argv) {
2564 if (strpbrk(*a, WHITESPACE)) {
2575 /* FIXME: this doesn't really handle arguments that have
2576 * spaces and ticks in them */
2581 void exec_command_dump(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
2582 _cleanup_free_ char *cmd = NULL;
2583 const char *prefix2;
2588 prefix = strempty(prefix);
2589 prefix2 = strjoina(prefix, "\t");
2591 cmd = exec_command_line(c->argv);
2593 "%sCommand Line: %s\n",
2594 prefix, cmd ? cmd : strerror(ENOMEM));
2596 exec_status_dump(&c->exec_status, f, prefix2);
2599 void exec_command_dump_list(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
2602 prefix = strempty(prefix);
2604 LIST_FOREACH(command, c, c)
2605 exec_command_dump(c, f, prefix);
2608 void exec_command_append_list(ExecCommand **l, ExecCommand *e) {
2615 /* It's kind of important, that we keep the order here */
2616 LIST_FIND_TAIL(command, *l, end);
2617 LIST_INSERT_AFTER(command, *l, end, e);
2622 int exec_command_set(ExecCommand *c, const char *path, ...) {
2630 l = strv_new_ap(path, ap);
2651 int exec_command_append(ExecCommand *c, const char *path, ...) {
2652 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
2660 l = strv_new_ap(path, ap);
2666 r = strv_extend_strv(&c->argv, l);
2674 static int exec_runtime_allocate(ExecRuntime **rt) {
2679 *rt = new0(ExecRuntime, 1);
2684 (*rt)->netns_storage_socket[0] = (*rt)->netns_storage_socket[1] = -1;
2689 int exec_runtime_make(ExecRuntime **rt, ExecContext *c, const char *id) {
2699 if (!c->private_network && !c->private_tmp)
2702 r = exec_runtime_allocate(rt);
2706 if (c->private_network && (*rt)->netns_storage_socket[0] < 0) {
2707 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM, 0, (*rt)->netns_storage_socket) < 0)
2711 if (c->private_tmp && !(*rt)->tmp_dir) {
2712 r = setup_tmp_dirs(id, &(*rt)->tmp_dir, &(*rt)->var_tmp_dir);
2720 ExecRuntime *exec_runtime_ref(ExecRuntime *r) {
2722 assert(r->n_ref > 0);
2728 ExecRuntime *exec_runtime_unref(ExecRuntime *r) {
2733 assert(r->n_ref > 0);
2736 if (r->n_ref <= 0) {
2738 free(r->var_tmp_dir);
2739 safe_close_pair(r->netns_storage_socket);
2746 int exec_runtime_serialize(ExecRuntime *rt, Unit *u, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2755 unit_serialize_item(u, f, "tmp-dir", rt->tmp_dir);
2757 if (rt->var_tmp_dir)
2758 unit_serialize_item(u, f, "var-tmp-dir", rt->var_tmp_dir);
2760 if (rt->netns_storage_socket[0] >= 0) {
2763 copy = fdset_put_dup(fds, rt->netns_storage_socket[0]);
2767 unit_serialize_item_format(u, f, "netns-socket-0", "%i", copy);
2770 if (rt->netns_storage_socket[1] >= 0) {
2773 copy = fdset_put_dup(fds, rt->netns_storage_socket[1]);
2777 unit_serialize_item_format(u, f, "netns-socket-1", "%i", copy);
2783 int exec_runtime_deserialize_item(ExecRuntime **rt, Unit *u, const char *key, const char *value, FDSet *fds) {
2790 if (streq(key, "tmp-dir")) {
2793 r = exec_runtime_allocate(rt);
2797 copy = strdup(value);
2801 free((*rt)->tmp_dir);
2802 (*rt)->tmp_dir = copy;
2804 } else if (streq(key, "var-tmp-dir")) {
2807 r = exec_runtime_allocate(rt);
2811 copy = strdup(value);
2815 free((*rt)->var_tmp_dir);
2816 (*rt)->var_tmp_dir = copy;
2818 } else if (streq(key, "netns-socket-0")) {
2821 r = exec_runtime_allocate(rt);
2825 if (safe_atoi(value, &fd) < 0 || !fdset_contains(fds, fd))
2826 log_unit_debug(u->id, "Failed to parse netns socket value %s", value);
2828 safe_close((*rt)->netns_storage_socket[0]);
2829 (*rt)->netns_storage_socket[0] = fdset_remove(fds, fd);
2831 } else if (streq(key, "netns-socket-1")) {
2834 r = exec_runtime_allocate(rt);
2838 if (safe_atoi(value, &fd) < 0 || !fdset_contains(fds, fd))
2839 log_unit_debug(u->id, "Failed to parse netns socket value %s", value);
2841 safe_close((*rt)->netns_storage_socket[1]);
2842 (*rt)->netns_storage_socket[1] = fdset_remove(fds, fd);
2850 static void *remove_tmpdir_thread(void *p) {
2851 _cleanup_free_ char *path = p;
2853 rm_rf_dangerous(path, false, true, false);
2857 void exec_runtime_destroy(ExecRuntime *rt) {
2863 /* If there are multiple users of this, let's leave the stuff around */
2868 log_debug("Spawning thread to nuke %s", rt->tmp_dir);
2870 r = asynchronous_job(remove_tmpdir_thread, rt->tmp_dir);
2872 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to nuke %s: %m", rt->tmp_dir);
2879 if (rt->var_tmp_dir) {
2880 log_debug("Spawning thread to nuke %s", rt->var_tmp_dir);
2882 r = asynchronous_job(remove_tmpdir_thread, rt->var_tmp_dir);
2884 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to nuke %s: %m", rt->var_tmp_dir);
2885 free(rt->var_tmp_dir);
2888 rt->var_tmp_dir = NULL;
2891 safe_close_pair(rt->netns_storage_socket);
2894 static const char* const exec_input_table[_EXEC_INPUT_MAX] = {
2895 [EXEC_INPUT_NULL] = "null",
2896 [EXEC_INPUT_TTY] = "tty",
2897 [EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE] = "tty-force",
2898 [EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL] = "tty-fail",
2899 [EXEC_INPUT_SOCKET] = "socket"
2902 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_input, ExecInput);
2904 static const char* const exec_output_table[_EXEC_OUTPUT_MAX] = {
2905 [EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT] = "inherit",
2906 [EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL] = "null",
2907 [EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY] = "tty",
2908 [EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG] = "syslog",
2909 [EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE] = "syslog+console",
2910 [EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG] = "kmsg",
2911 [EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE] = "kmsg+console",
2912 [EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL] = "journal",
2913 [EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE] = "journal+console",
2914 [EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET] = "socket"
2917 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_output, ExecOutput);