2 This file is part of systemd.
4 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
6 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
9 (at your option) any later version.
11 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
12 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
17 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
28 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include "alloc-util.h"
38 #include "hexdecoct.h"
42 #include "parse-util.h"
43 #include "path-util.h"
44 #include "process-util.h"
45 #include "random-util.h"
46 #include "stdio-util.h"
47 #include "string-util.h"
49 //#include "time-util.h"
50 #include "umask-util.h"
53 #define READ_FULL_BYTES_MAX (4U*1024U*1024U)
55 int write_string_stream_ts(FILE *f, const char *line, bool enforce_newline, struct timespec *ts) {
61 if (enforce_newline && !endswith(line, "\n"))
65 struct timespec twice[2] = {*ts, *ts};
67 if (futimens(fileno(f), twice) < 0)
71 return fflush_and_check(f);
74 static int write_string_file_atomic(
79 struct timespec *ts) {
81 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
82 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
88 r = fopen_temporary(fn, &f, &p);
92 (void) fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
94 r = write_string_stream_ts(f, line, enforce_newline, ts);
95 if (r >= 0 && do_fsync)
96 r = fflush_sync_and_check(f);
98 if (rename(p, fn) < 0)
108 int write_string_file_ts(const char *fn, const char *line, WriteStringFileFlags flags, struct timespec *ts) {
109 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
115 /* We don't know how to verify whether the file contents was already on-disk. */
116 assert(!((flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_VERIFY_ON_FAILURE) && (flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC)));
118 if (flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC) {
119 assert(flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE);
121 r = write_string_file_atomic(fn,
123 !(flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_AVOID_NEWLINE),
124 flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC, ts);
132 if (flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE) {
141 /* We manually build our own version of fopen(..., "we") that
142 * works without O_CREAT */
143 fd = open(fn, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
149 f = fdopen(fd, "we");
157 r = write_string_stream_ts(f, line, !(flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_AVOID_NEWLINE), ts);
161 if (flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC) {
162 r = fflush_sync_and_check(f);
170 if (!(flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_VERIFY_ON_FAILURE))
175 /* OK, the operation failed, but let's see if the right
176 * contents in place already. If so, eat up the error. */
178 q = verify_file(fn, line, !(flags & WRITE_STRING_FILE_AVOID_NEWLINE));
185 int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) {
186 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
187 char t[LINE_MAX], *c;
196 if (!fgets(t, sizeof(t), f)) {
199 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
213 int verify_file(const char *fn, const char *blob, bool accept_extra_nl) {
214 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
215 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
223 if (accept_extra_nl && endswith(blob, "\n"))
224 accept_extra_nl = false;
226 buf = malloc(l + accept_extra_nl + 1);
234 /* We try to read one byte more than we need, so that we know whether we hit eof */
236 k = fread(buf, 1, l + accept_extra_nl + 1, f);
238 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
240 if (k != l && k != l + accept_extra_nl)
242 if (memcmp(buf, blob, l) != 0)
244 if (k > l && buf[l] != '\n')
250 int read_full_stream(FILE *f, char **contents, size_t *size) {
252 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
258 if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0)
263 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
266 if (st.st_size > READ_FULL_BYTES_MAX)
269 /* Start with the right file size, but be prepared for
270 * files from /proc which generally report a file size
281 t = realloc(buf, n + 1);
286 k = fread(buf + l, 1, n - l, f);
296 /* We aren't expecting fread() to return a short read outside
297 * of (error && eof), assert buffer is full and enlarge buffer.
302 if (n >= READ_FULL_BYTES_MAX)
305 n = MIN(n * 2, READ_FULL_BYTES_MAX);
310 buf = NULL; /* do not free */
318 int read_full_file(const char *fn, char **contents, size_t *size) {
319 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
328 return read_full_stream(f, contents, size);
331 static int parse_env_file_internal(
335 int (*push) (const char *filename, unsigned line,
336 const char *key, char *value, void *userdata, int *n_pushed),
340 _cleanup_free_ char *contents = NULL, *key = NULL;
341 size_t key_alloc = 0, n_key = 0, value_alloc = 0, n_value = 0, last_value_whitespace = (size_t) -1, last_key_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
342 char *p, *value = NULL;
353 SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE,
355 DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE,
363 r = read_full_stream(f, &contents, NULL);
365 r = read_full_file(fname, &contents, NULL);
369 for (p = contents; *p; p++) {
375 if (strchr(COMMENTS, c))
377 else if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, c)) {
379 last_key_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
381 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(key, key_alloc, n_key+2)) {
391 if (strchr(newline, c)) {
395 } else if (c == '=') {
397 last_value_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
399 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, c))
400 last_key_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
401 else if (last_key_whitespace == (size_t) -1)
402 last_key_whitespace = n_key;
404 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(key, key_alloc, n_key+2)) {
415 if (strchr(newline, c)) {
423 /* strip trailing whitespace from key */
424 if (last_key_whitespace != (size_t) -1)
425 key[last_key_whitespace] = 0;
427 r = push(fname, line, key, value, userdata, n_pushed);
433 value_alloc = n_value = 0;
435 } else if (c == '\'')
436 state = SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE;
438 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE;
440 state = VALUE_ESCAPE;
441 else if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, c)) {
444 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
449 value[n_value++] = c;
455 if (strchr(newline, c)) {
464 /* Chomp off trailing whitespace from value */
465 if (last_value_whitespace != (size_t) -1)
466 value[last_value_whitespace] = 0;
468 /* strip trailing whitespace from key */
469 if (last_key_whitespace != (size_t) -1)
470 key[last_key_whitespace] = 0;
472 r = push(fname, line, key, value, userdata, n_pushed);
478 value_alloc = n_value = 0;
480 } else if (c == '\\') {
481 state = VALUE_ESCAPE;
482 last_value_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
484 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, c))
485 last_value_whitespace = (size_t) -1;
486 else if (last_value_whitespace == (size_t) -1)
487 last_value_whitespace = n_value;
489 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
494 value[n_value++] = c;
502 if (!strchr(newline, c)) {
503 /* Escaped newlines we eat up entirely */
504 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
509 value[n_value++] = c;
513 case SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE:
517 state = SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE;
519 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
524 value[n_value++] = c;
529 case SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE:
530 state = SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE;
532 if (!strchr(newline, c)) {
533 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
538 value[n_value++] = c;
542 case DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE:
546 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE;
548 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
553 value[n_value++] = c;
558 case DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE:
559 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE;
561 if (!strchr(newline, c)) {
562 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(value, value_alloc, n_value+2)) {
567 value[n_value++] = c;
573 state = COMMENT_ESCAPE;
574 else if (strchr(newline, c)) {
591 SINGLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE,
593 DOUBLE_QUOTE_VALUE_ESCAPE)) {
601 if (last_value_whitespace != (size_t) -1)
602 value[last_value_whitespace] = 0;
604 /* strip trailing whitespace from key */
605 if (last_key_whitespace != (size_t) -1)
606 key[last_key_whitespace] = 0;
608 r = push(fname, line, key, value, userdata, n_pushed);
620 static int check_utf8ness_and_warn(
621 const char *filename, unsigned line,
622 const char *key, char *value) {
624 if (!utf8_is_valid(key)) {
625 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
627 p = utf8_escape_invalid(key);
628 log_error("%s:%u: invalid UTF-8 in key '%s', ignoring.", strna(filename), line, p);
632 if (value && !utf8_is_valid(value)) {
633 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
635 p = utf8_escape_invalid(value);
636 log_error("%s:%u: invalid UTF-8 value for key %s: '%s', ignoring.", strna(filename), line, key, p);
643 static int parse_env_file_push(
644 const char *filename, unsigned line,
645 const char *key, char *value,
650 va_list aq, *ap = userdata;
653 r = check_utf8ness_and_warn(filename, line, key, value);
659 while ((k = va_arg(aq, const char *))) {
662 v = va_arg(aq, char **);
684 const char *newline, ...) {
692 va_start(ap, newline);
693 r = parse_env_file_internal(NULL, fname, newline, parse_env_file_push, &ap, &n_pushed);
696 return r < 0 ? r : n_pushed;
699 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
700 static int load_env_file_push(
701 const char *filename, unsigned line,
702 const char *key, char *value,
705 char ***m = userdata;
709 r = check_utf8ness_and_warn(filename, line, key, value);
713 p = strjoin(key, "=", value);
717 r = strv_env_replace(m, p);
730 int load_env_file(FILE *f, const char *fname, const char *newline, char ***rl) {
737 r = parse_env_file_internal(f, fname, newline, load_env_file_push, &m, NULL);
748 static int load_env_file_push_pairs(
749 const char *filename, unsigned line,
750 const char *key, char *value,
753 char ***m = userdata;
756 r = check_utf8ness_and_warn(filename, line, key, value);
760 r = strv_extend(m, key);
765 r = strv_extend(m, "");
769 r = strv_push(m, value);
780 int load_env_file_pairs(FILE *f, const char *fname, const char *newline, char ***rl) {
787 r = parse_env_file_internal(f, fname, newline, load_env_file_push_pairs, &m, NULL);
796 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
798 static int merge_env_file_push(
799 const char *filename, unsigned line,
800 const char *key, char *value,
804 char ***env = userdata;
805 char *expanded_value;
810 log_error("%s:%u: invalid syntax (around \"%s\"), ignoring.", strna(filename), line, key);
814 if (!env_name_is_valid(key)) {
815 log_error("%s:%u: invalid variable name \"%s\", ignoring.", strna(filename), line, key);
820 expanded_value = replace_env(value, *env,
821 REPLACE_ENV_USE_ENVIRONMENT|
822 REPLACE_ENV_ALLOW_BRACELESS|
823 REPLACE_ENV_ALLOW_EXTENDED);
827 free_and_replace(value, expanded_value);
829 return load_env_file_push(filename, line, key, value, env, n_pushed);
837 /* NOTE: this function supports braceful and braceless variable expansions,
838 * plus "extended" substitutions, unlike other exported parsing functions.
841 return parse_env_file_internal(f, fname, NEWLINE, merge_env_file_push, env, NULL);
844 static void write_env_var(FILE *f, const char *v) {
850 fputs_unlocked(v, f);
851 fputc_unlocked('\n', f);
856 fwrite_unlocked(v, 1, p-v, f);
858 if (string_has_cc(p, NULL) || chars_intersect(p, WHITESPACE SHELL_NEED_QUOTES)) {
859 fputc_unlocked('\"', f);
862 if (strchr(SHELL_NEED_ESCAPE, *p))
863 fputc_unlocked('\\', f);
865 fputc_unlocked(*p, f);
868 fputc_unlocked('\"', f);
870 fputs_unlocked(p, f);
872 fputc_unlocked('\n', f);
875 int write_env_file(const char *fname, char **l) {
876 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
877 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
883 r = fopen_temporary(fname, &f, &p);
887 fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644);
890 write_env_var(f, *i);
892 r = fflush_and_check(f);
894 if (rename(p, fname) >= 0)
904 int executable_is_script(const char *path, char **interpreter) {
906 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
912 r = read_one_line_file(path, &line);
916 if (!startswith(line, "#!"))
919 ans = strstrip(line + 2);
920 len = strcspn(ans, " \t");
925 ans = strndup(ans, len);
935 * Retrieve one field from a file like /proc/self/status. pattern
936 * should not include whitespace or the delimiter (':'). pattern matches only
937 * the beginning of a line. Whitespace before ':' is skipped. Whitespace and
938 * zeros after the ':' will be skipped. field must be freed afterwards.
939 * terminator specifies the terminating characters of the field value (not
940 * included in the value).
942 int get_proc_field(const char *filename, const char *pattern, const char *terminator, char **field) {
943 _cleanup_free_ char *status = NULL;
953 r = read_full_file(filename, &status, NULL);
963 t = strstr(t, pattern);
967 /* Check that pattern occurs in beginning of line. */
968 pattern_ok = (t == status || t[-1] == '\n');
970 t += strlen(pattern);
972 } while (!pattern_ok);
974 t += strspn(t, " \t");
983 t += strspn(t, " \t");
985 /* Also skip zeros, because when this is used for
986 * capabilities, we don't want the zeros. This way the
987 * same capability set always maps to the same string,
988 * irrespective of the total capability set size. For
989 * other numbers it shouldn't matter. */
991 /* Back off one char if there's nothing but whitespace
993 if (!*t || isspace(*t))
997 len = strcspn(t, terminator);
1007 DIR *xopendirat(int fd, const char *name, int flags) {
1011 assert(!(flags & O_CREAT));
1013 nfd = openat(fd, name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|flags, 0);
1026 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1027 static int search_and_fopen_internal(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, char **search, FILE **_f) {
1034 if (!path_strv_resolve_uniq(search, root))
1037 STRV_FOREACH(i, search) {
1038 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
1042 p = strjoin(root, *i, "/", path);
1044 p = strjoin(*i, "/", path);
1054 if (errno != ENOENT)
1061 int search_and_fopen(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, const char **search, FILE **_f) {
1062 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **copy = NULL;
1068 if (path_is_absolute(path)) {
1071 f = fopen(path, mode);
1080 copy = strv_copy((char**) search);
1084 return search_and_fopen_internal(path, mode, root, copy, _f);
1087 int search_and_fopen_nulstr(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, const char *search, FILE **_f) {
1088 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **s = NULL;
1090 if (path_is_absolute(path)) {
1093 f = fopen(path, mode);
1102 s = strv_split_nulstr(search);
1106 return search_and_fopen_internal(path, mode, root, s, _f);
1110 int fopen_temporary(const char *path, FILE **_f, char **_temp_path) {
1119 r = tempfn_xxxxxx(path, NULL, &t);
1123 fd = mkostemp_safe(t);
1129 f = fdopen(fd, "we");
1143 int fflush_and_check(FILE *f) {
1150 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
1155 int fflush_sync_and_check(FILE *f) {
1160 r = fflush_and_check(f);
1164 if (fsync(fileno(f)) < 0)
1170 /* This is much like mkostemp() but is subject to umask(). */
1171 int mkostemp_safe(char *pattern) {
1172 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u = 0;
1179 fd = mkostemp(pattern, O_CLOEXEC);
1186 int tempfn_xxxxxx(const char *p, const char *extra, char **ret) {
1198 * /foo/bar/.#<extra>waldoXXXXXX
1202 if (!filename_is_valid(fn))
1208 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 2 + strlen(extra) + 6 + 1);
1212 strcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(mempcpy(t, p, fn - p), ".#"), extra), fn), "XXXXXX");
1214 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
1218 int tempfn_random(const char *p, const char *extra, char **ret) {
1232 * /foo/bar/.#<extra>waldobaa2a261115984a9
1236 if (!filename_is_valid(fn))
1242 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 2 + strlen(extra) + 16 + 1);
1246 x = stpcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(mempcpy(t, p, fn - p), ".#"), extra), fn);
1249 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1250 *(x++) = hexchar(u & 0xF);
1256 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
1260 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1261 int tempfn_random_child(const char *p, const char *extra, char **ret) {
1272 * /foo/bar/waldo/.#<extra>3c2b6219aa75d7d0
1284 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 3 + strlen(extra) + 16 + 1);
1288 x = stpcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(t, p), "/.#"), extra);
1291 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1292 *(x++) = hexchar(u & 0xF);
1298 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
1302 int write_timestamp_file_atomic(const char *fn, usec_t n) {
1303 char ln[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(n)+2];
1305 /* Creates a "timestamp" file, that contains nothing but a
1306 * usec_t timestamp, formatted in ASCII. */
1308 if (n <= 0 || n >= USEC_INFINITY)
1311 xsprintf(ln, USEC_FMT "\n", n);
1313 return write_string_file(fn, ln, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC);
1316 int read_timestamp_file(const char *fn, usec_t *ret) {
1317 _cleanup_free_ char *ln = NULL;
1321 r = read_one_line_file(fn, &ln);
1325 r = safe_atou64(ln, &t);
1329 if (t <= 0 || t >= (uint64_t) USEC_INFINITY)
1336 int fputs_with_space(FILE *f, const char *s, const char *separator, bool *space) {
1341 /* Outputs the specified string with fputs(), but optionally prefixes it with a separator. The *space parameter
1342 * when specified shall initially point to a boolean variable initialized to false. It is set to true after the
1343 * first invocation. This call is supposed to be use in loops, where a separator shall be inserted between each
1344 * element, but not before the first one. */
1354 r = fputs(separator, f);
1366 int open_tmpfile_unlinkable(const char *directory, int flags) {
1371 r = tmp_dir(&directory);
1376 /* Returns an unlinked temporary file that cannot be linked into the file system anymore */
1378 /* Try O_TMPFILE first, if it is supported */
1379 fd = open(directory, flags|O_TMPFILE|O_EXCL, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
1383 /* Fall back to unguessable name + unlinking */
1384 p = strjoina(directory, "/systemd-tmp-XXXXXX");
1386 fd = mkostemp_safe(p);
1395 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1396 int open_tmpfile_linkable(const char *target, int flags, char **ret_path) {
1397 _cleanup_free_ char *tmp = NULL;
1403 /* Don't allow O_EXCL, as that has a special meaning for O_TMPFILE */
1404 assert((flags & O_EXCL) == 0);
1406 /* Creates a temporary file, that shall be renamed to "target" later. If possible, this uses O_TMPFILE – in
1407 * which case "ret_path" will be returned as NULL. If not possible a the tempoary path name used is returned in
1408 * "ret_path". Use link_tmpfile() below to rename the result after writing the file in full. */
1411 _cleanup_free_ char *dn = NULL;
1413 dn = dirname_malloc(target);
1417 fd = open(dn, O_TMPFILE|flags, 0640);
1423 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to use O_TMPFILE on %s: %m", dn);
1426 r = tempfn_random(target, NULL, &tmp);
1430 fd = open(tmp, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY|flags, 0640);
1441 int open_serialization_fd(const char *ident) {
1444 fd = memfd_create(ident, MFD_CLOEXEC);
1448 path = getpid_cached() == 1 ? "/run/systemd" : "/tmp";
1449 fd = open_tmpfile_unlinkable(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
1453 log_debug("Serializing %s to %s.", ident, path);
1455 log_debug("Serializing %s to memfd.", ident);
1460 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
1461 int link_tmpfile(int fd, const char *path, const char *target) {
1466 /* Moves a temporary file created with open_tmpfile() above into its final place. if "path" is NULL an fd
1467 * created with O_TMPFILE is assumed, and linkat() is used. Otherwise it is assumed O_TMPFILE is not supported
1468 * on the directory, and renameat2() is used instead.
1470 * Note that in both cases we will not replace existing files. This is because linkat() does not support this
1471 * operation currently (renameat2() does), and there is no nice way to emulate this. */
1474 if (rename_noreplace(AT_FDCWD, path, AT_FDCWD, target) < 0)
1477 char proc_fd_path[strlen("/proc/self/fd/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(fd) + 1];
1479 xsprintf(proc_fd_path, "/proc/self/fd/%i", fd);
1481 if (linkat(AT_FDCWD, proc_fd_path, AT_FDCWD, target, AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW) < 0)
1488 int read_nul_string(FILE *f, char **ret) {
1489 _cleanup_free_ char *x = NULL;
1490 size_t allocated = 0, n = 0;
1495 /* Reads a NUL-terminated string from the specified file. */
1500 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(x, allocated, n+2))
1504 if (c == 0) /* Terminate at NUL byte */
1509 break; /* Terminate at EOF */
1529 int mkdtemp_malloc(const char *template, char **ret) {
1535 p = strdup(template);