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1 <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
4
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8 Copyright 2013 Zbigniew JÄ™drzejewski-Szmek
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23
24 <refentry id="systemd-run"
25           xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
26
27   <refentryinfo>
28     <title>systemd-run</title>
29     <productname>systemd</productname>
30
31     <authorgroup>
32       <author>
33         <contrib>Developer</contrib>
34         <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
35         <surname>Poettering</surname>
36         <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
37       </author>
38     </authorgroup>
39   </refentryinfo>
40
41   <refmeta>
42     <refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle>
43     <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
44   </refmeta>
45
46   <refnamediv>
47     <refname>systemd-run</refname>
48     <refpurpose>Run programs in transient scope or service units</refpurpose>
49   </refnamediv>
50
51   <refsynopsisdiv>
52     <cmdsynopsis>
53       <command>systemd-run</command>
54       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
55       <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable>
56       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">ARGS</arg>
57       </arg>
58     </cmdsynopsis>
59   </refsynopsisdiv>
60
61   <refsect1>
62     <title>Description</title>
63
64     <para><command>systemd-run</command> may be used to create and start
65     a transient <filename>.service</filename> or a
66     <filename>.scope</filename> unit and run the specified
67     <replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable> in it.</para>
68
69     <para>If a command is run as transient service unit, it will be
70     started and managed by the service manager like any other service,
71     and thus show up in the output of <command>systemctl
72     list-units</command> like any other unit. It will run in a clean
73     and detached execution environment. <command>systemd-run</command>
74     will start the service asynchronously in the background and
75     immediately return.</para>
76
77     <para>If a command is run as transient scope unit, it will be
78     started directly by <command>systemd-run</command> and thus
79     inherit the execution environment of the caller. It is however
80     managed by the service manager similar to normal services, and
81     will also show up in the output of <command>systemctl
82     list-units</command>. Execution in this case is synchronous, and
83     execution will return only when the command finishes.</para>
84   </refsect1>
85
86   <refsect1>
87     <title>Options</title>
88
89     <para>The following options are understood:</para>
90
91     <variablelist>
92       <varlistentry>
93         <term><option>--scope</option></term>
94
95         <listitem>
96           <para>Create a transient <filename>.scope</filename> unit instead of
97           the default transient <filename>.service</filename> unit.
98           </para>
99         </listitem>
100       </varlistentry>
101
102       <varlistentry>
103         <term><option>--unit=</option></term>
104
105         <listitem><para>Use this unit name instead of an automatically
106         generated one.</para></listitem>
107       </varlistentry>
108
109       <varlistentry>
110         <term><option>--property=</option></term>
111         <term><option>-p</option></term>
112
113         <listitem><para>Sets a unit property for the scope or service
114         unit that is created. This takes an assignment in the same
115         format as
116         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>'s
117         <command>set-property</command> command.</para>
118         </listitem>
119       </varlistentry>
120
121       <varlistentry>
122         <term><option>--description=</option></term>
123
124         <listitem><para>Provide a description for the service or scope
125         unit. If not specified, the command itself will be used as a
126         description. See <varname>Description=</varname> in
127         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
128         </para></listitem>
129       </varlistentry>
130
131       <varlistentry>
132         <term><option>--slice=</option></term>
133
134         <listitem><para>Make the new <filename>.service</filename> or
135         <filename>.scope</filename> unit part of the specified slice,
136         instead of the <filename>system.slice</filename>.</para>
137         </listitem>
138       </varlistentry>
139
140       <varlistentry>
141         <term><option>--remain-after-exit</option></term>
142
143         <listitem><para>After the service or scope process has
144         terminated, keep the service around until it is explicitly
145         stopped. This is useful to collect runtime information about
146         the service after it finished running. Also see
147         <varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname> in
148         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
149         </para>
150         </listitem>
151       </varlistentry>
152
153       <varlistentry>
154         <term><option>--send-sighup</option></term>
155
156         <listitem><para>When terminating the scope or service unit,
157         send a SIGHUP immediately after SIGTERM. This is useful to
158         indicate to shells and shell-like processes that the
159         connection has been severed. Also see
160         <varname>SendSIGHUP=</varname> in
161         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
162         </para>
163         </listitem>
164       </varlistentry>
165
166       <varlistentry>
167         <term><option>--service-type=</option></term>
168
169         <listitem><para>Sets the service type. Also see
170         <varname>Type=</varname> in
171         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. This
172         option has no effect in conjunction with
173         <option>--scope</option>. Defaults to
174         <constant>simple</constant>.</para>
175         </listitem>
176       </varlistentry>
177
178       <varlistentry>
179         <term><option>--uid=</option></term>
180         <term><option>--gid=</option></term>
181
182         <listitem><para>Runs the service process under the UNIX user
183         and group. Also see <varname>User=</varname> and
184         <varname>Group=</varname> in
185         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
186         </listitem>
187       </varlistentry>
188
189       <varlistentry>
190         <term><option>--nice=</option></term>
191
192         <listitem><para>Runs the service process with the specified
193         nice level. Also see <varname>Nice=</varname> in
194         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
195         </listitem>
196       </varlistentry>
197
198       <varlistentry>
199         <term><option>--setenv=</option></term>
200
201         <listitem><para>Runs the service process with the specified
202         environment variables set. Also see
203         <varname>Environment=</varname> in
204         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
205         </listitem>
206       </varlistentry>
207
208       <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="user" />
209       <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="system" />
210       <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" />
211       <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" />
212
213       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
214       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
215     </variablelist>
216
217     <para>All command-line arguments after the first non-option
218     argument become part of the commandline of the launched
219     process. If a command is run as service unit, its first argument
220     needs to be an absolute binary path.</para>
221   </refsect1>
222
223   <refsect1>
224     <title>Exit status</title>
225
226     <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
227     code otherwise.</para>
228   </refsect1>
229
230   <refsect1>
231     <title>Examples</title>
232
233     <para>The following command will log the environment variables
234     provided by systemd to services:</para>
235
236     <programlisting># systemd-run env
237 Running as unit run-19945.service.
238 # journalctl -u run-19945.service
239 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Starting /usr/bin/env...
240 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Started /usr/bin/env.
241 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
242 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: LANG=en_US.UTF-8
243 Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.0-0.rc5.git6.2.fc20.x86_64</programlisting>
244
245     <para>The following command invokes the
246     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>updatedb</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
247     tool, but lowers the block IO weight for it to 10. See
248     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
249     for more information on the <varname>BlockIOWeight=</varname>
250     property.</para>
251
252     <programlisting># systemd-run -p BlockIOWeight=10 updatedb</programlisting>
253   </refsect1>
254
255   <refsect1>
256     <title>See Also</title>
257     <para>
258       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
259       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
260       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
261       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
262       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
263       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
264       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
265       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
266       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
267     </para>
268   </refsect1>
269
270 </refentry>